8.

History , Tradition and Culture

The present territory of Gorj has been annexed to the Roman Empire right after the first Dacian War (102). Here were built many fortifications where Roman military units stationed (this fact reveals the strategic importance of this area for the Roman province : Dacia ) The city of Trgu-Jiu represents a Dacian ancient village. During the Roman times ( the second and the third century p.Ch. ) the city has been known as a mansiones postal station - and also as a vicus commercial station . The quality of being a small town near a river ( jilu, jiu = river , water ) will influence the towns name which the successors under the influence of Slavonic language- will translate it word for word resulting : Trgu-Jiu. The word Jiu is mentioned for the first time at 23 november 1406 in a commandment given to the Monastery of Tismana by the ruler Mircea cel Batran (Mircea the Old) . Terrible fires , in the first period of the 19 century, destroyed a great part of the locality.

Images of Trgu-Jiu at the beginning of the 19 century

The old center of the town

National College " T. Vladimirescu "

National College " Spiru Haret "

The old Central Parc

The former county residence

The Financial Administration

The old Cathedral

The Curch of " St. Apostles "

The old Bridge " Ferdinand " over the Jiu

The old square "T. Vladimirescu"

The old Victoriei Street

The old Hotel Tioc

The old Unirii Street

The old Shoping Center Dnricu

The old Street "T. Vladimirescu"

In 1821, the region faced a revolutionary movement which represented in the history of Romanian Principality the end of the old feudal system and the beginning of the modern epoch. This process of national rebirth in the Romanian Principality has its initiator named: Tudor Vladimirescu, native of Vladimiri who in January 1821 at Pades reads the proclamation to the people, a true revolutionary program.

The villagers who were fighting as well as the civil population, will be engaged in the development of the battles from the First World War. Also, during this period , some other personality will excel and will become the Heroine from Jiu: Ecaterina Teodoroiu.

The villagers from rural regions succeeded in preserving a lot of specific traditions ( sewing, popular music, weaving, sculpture and pottery ).

Traditional costumes in the north-western area of Gorj county

Traditional costumes in Baia de Fier area

Pastoral folk festival The descending of sheep from the mountains Baia de Fier

Traditional costumes in Novaci area

Pastoral folk festival The taking of sheep back in the mountains -Novaci

" Liviu Dafinescu folklore festival Tg.Jiu

"Maria Ltreu folklore festival

The folklore festival Pe fir de balad"

The international folklore festival in Tg. Jiu

The folklore ensemble Doina Gorjului"

Romanias National Day celebrated at Trgu Jiu

Waiting for the winter holidays

Santa Claus is coming to town

Group of carol singers

600 years of ortodoxy at Tismana monastery

Manual weaving of carpets

Potter working on the wheel

Wood-carved gate at Polovragi monastery

Wood carved products

The main character of the modern artistic movement, Constantin Brncui, is considered one of the greatest sculptors of the 20th century. His sculptures excelled through elegance of shape and the sensitive use of materials, combining the simplicity of Romanian popular art with the refinement of Parisian avant-garde. The verticality, horizontality, weight, density and also the importance given to light and space are the main features of Brncui`s creation . His work profoundly influenced the modern concept of shape in sculpture, painting and drawing. Many of his works can be found in the world`s greatest museums from any continent. In Romania, during the epoch of socialist realism, Brncui has been nominated as one of the representative of Burgeois cosmopolitan formalism . Brancusi has only been rediscovered in Romania as a national genius in 1964 and, therefore, the monumental complex of Targu-Jiu, containing the Endless Column , The Table of Silence and The Kiss Gate was rearranged and taken care of, after it had been in a state of neglect for over 25 years. The National Art Museum from Paris ( Pompidou Centre) has a high number of Brancusi`s works, bequeathed together with everything that was in his workshop.

Brncui`s workshop in Pompidou centre in Paris , transformed into museum, and several of his works.

BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Mihai Ilenicz, Ileana Ptru (2005),Romnia-Geografie fizic(vol.I), Editura Universitar , Bucureti Mihai Ilenicz, (2007),Romnia-Geografie fizic(vol.II), Editura Universitar , Bucureti Mihai Ilenicz (2004), Geomorfologie, Editura Universitar , Bucureti Grigore Posea, Nicolae Popescu, Mihai Ilenicz (1974), Relieful Romniei, Editura tiinific, Bucuresti Gheorghe Neamu, Niculina Baranovsky (1971), Judeul Gorj, Editura Academiei R.S.R., Bucureti www.gorj.insse.ro/

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