NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE

GRADE 12

PHYSICAL SCIENCES: PHYSICS (P1) FISIESE WETENSKAPPE (V1) MEMORANDUM PREPARATORY EXAMINATION 2008 VOORBEREIDIENDE EKSAMEN 2008

MARKS: 150 TIME: 3 hours

This memorandum consists of 12 pages. Hierdie memorandum bestan uit 12 bladsye.

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Learning Outcomes and Assessment Standards Leeruitkomste en Assesseringstandaarde LO 1/LU 1 LO 2/LU 2 LO 3/LU 3
AS 12.1.1: Design, plan and conduct a scientific inquiry to collect data systematically with regard to accuracy, reliability and the need to control variables. Ontwerp, beplan en voer wetenskaplike ondersoek uit om data te versamel ten opsigte van akkuraatheid, betroubaarheid en die kontroleer van veranderlikes. AS 12.1.2: Seek patterns and trends, represent them in different forms, explain the trends, use scientific reasoning to draw and evaluate conclusions, and formulate generalisations. Soek patrone en tendense, stel dit in verskillende vorms voor, verduidelik tendense, gebruik wetenskaplike beredenering om gevolgtrekkings te maak en te evalueer, en formuleer veralgemenings. AS 12.1.3: Select and use appropriate problem-solving strategies to solve (unseen) problems. Kies en gebruik geskikte probleemoplossingsstrategie om (ongesiene) probleme op te los. AS 12.2.1: Define, discuss and explain prescribed scientific knowledge. Definieer, bespreek en verduidelik voorgeskrewe wetenskaplike kennis. AS 12.2.2 Express and explain prescribed scientific principles, theories, models and laws by indicating the relationship between different facts and concepts in own words. Verduidelik en druk voorgeskrewe wetenskaplike beginsels, teorie, modelle en wette uit deur die verwantskap tussen verskillende feite konsepte in eie woorde aan te dui. AS 12.2.3: Apply scientific knowledge in everyday life contexts. Pas wetenskaplike kennis in kontekste van die alledaagse lewe toe. AS 12.3.2: Research case studies and present ethical and moral arguments from different perspectives to indicate the impact (pros and cons) of different scientific and technological applications. Vors gevallestudies na en lewer etiese en morele argumente uit verskillende perspektiewe om die impak (voordele en nadele) van verskillende wetenskaplike en tegnologiese toepassings aan te dui. .

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SECTION A / AFDELING A QUESTION 1/VRAAG 1 1.1 Gravitational force/gravitasiekrag 9 or/of weight/gewig Impulse/impuls 9 Doppler Effect/Doppler effek 9 Alternating current/wisselstroom 9 Laser/Laser 9

[12.2.1] [12.2.1] [12.2.1] [12.2.1] [12.2.1]

(1) (1) (1) (1) (1) [5]

1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5

QUESTION 2 / VRAAG 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 D9 G9 B9 H9 C9

(1) (1) (1) (1) (1) [5]

QUESTION 3 / VRAAG 3 3.1 3.2 True / Waar 99 False / Onwaar: .velocity relative to the train is 1 ms-13. ...snelheid relatief tot trein is 1 ms-1. 3 False: 3 Onwaar 3 transmit green and red light and absorb blue light 3 OR A cyan filter laat groen en rooilig deur and absorbeer bloulig OF n Siaanfilter True / Waar 99 True / Waar 99
[12.2.3]

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[12.2.3]

(2)

3.3

[12.2.3] [12.2.1] [12.2.1]

(2) (2) (2) [10]

3.4 3.5

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QUESTION 4 / VRAAG 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 B 999 D 999 C 999 D 999 D 999
[12.2.3] [12.1.3] [12.2.3] [12.2.1 ] [12.1.2]

(3) (3) (3) (3) (3) [15]

TOTAL SECTION A = 35 TOTAAL AFDELING A = 35 SECTION B / AFDELING B QUESTION 5/VRAAG 5 5.1 Consider downward motion as positive 2 v2 f = v i + 2a y 3 [Note: vi & a opposite signs] (0)2 3 = (-4)2 + 2(9,8)y 3 y = - 0,82 m = 0,82 m upwards 3 yabove ground = 6 + 0,82 = 6,82 m 3
OR Et(top) = Et(bottom) Ep + Ek = Ep + Ek 3 1 1 mv i2 = mgh + 2 mv 2 mgh + 2 f 2 (m)(9,8)(6) 3 + m(-4) 3= m(9,8)h + 0 3 h = 6,82 m 3

[12.2.3]

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5.2

Consider downward motion as positive: vf = vi + at 3 [Note: vi & a opposite signs] 0 = (-4) + (9,8) t3 t = 0,41 s 3

[12.2.3]

(3)

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5.3

down as positive position A as reference 6

down as positive position A as reference

position (m)

-0,82 0 0,41 0,82 1,6 time (s)

0 -0,82

0,41

0,82

1,6

time (s)

-0,82

6
Checklist/Kontrolelys Criteria for graph/ Kriteria vir grafiek
Correct shape of graph 0 0,41 s / Korrekte vorm van grafiek 0 0,41 s Correct shape of graph 0,41s 1,6 s / Korrekte vorm van grafiek 0,41s- 1,6 s Coordinates 0,41 s ; 0,82 m for highest position indicated / Ko-ordinate 0,41 s; 0,82 m vir hoogste punt aangedui Coordinates 0,s ; 0,82 m indicated / Ko-ordinate 0 s; 0,82 m aangedui Coordinates 1,6s ; 6 m indicated / Ko-ordinate 0,41 s; 0,82 m aangedui

Marks/ Punte 9 9
9 9 9

[12.1.2]

(5) [13]

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QUESTION 6/VRAAG 6

6.1 6.2

1,96 x 104 N 9, upward /opwaarts9 pbefore = pafter m1vi1 + m2vi2 = (m1+m2)vf 9 (0) 9 + (2 000)(3) 9 = (1 500 + 2 000)vf 9 vf = 1,71m.s-1 9 westwards9 Fnet t = p m( v u) m( v fB v iB ) / Fnet = t t 2 000(1 ,71 3) 99 = 0,5 = - 5 160 N Magnitude of F = 5 160 N 9

[12.2.3]

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6.3

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6.4

The air bubbles will increase the time of impact 9 and thus reduce the Force. 9 This may minimize damage to the equipment. 9
Die lugborrels verleng die impaktyd 9 en verminder dus die krag wat die vertraging veroorsaak.9 Hierdie effek kan verhoed dat die voorraad beskadig word.9

[12.3.2]

(3) [15]

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QUESTION 7/VRAAG 7

7.1

Emech is not conserved. 9 This is not an isolated system / there is friction9 Emeg bly nie behoue. 9 Is nie n geisoleerde sisteem / daar is wrywing. 9 Ek = K =
1 mv29 2 1 = (55)(10)29 2 = 2 750 J9

[12.2.3]

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7.2

[12.2.3]

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7.3

Wnc = Ek + Ep Fcosx = Ekf Eki + Epf - Epi 9 (18)cos180o(8) 9 = ( mvf2 mvi2) 9+ (mghf - mghi) 9 -1449 = Ekf (55)(10)29 + (55)(9,8)(1,2) 9 0 Ekf = 1 959,2 J 9 OR Ep = U = mgh (gained) = (55)(9,8)(1,2) 9 = 646,8 J9 Work done against friction / Werk gedoen teen wrywing. W = Fcos x = (18)(cos180o)(8) = (18)(-1)(8) 9 = -144 J 9 (lost) (Ep + Ek)bottom = (Ep + Ek)top + W9 (0 + 2 750 ) 9= 646,89 + Ek + 144 Ek)top = 1 959,2 J 9 OR Wnet =Ek9 Fnetcosx = Ek (mgsin + f ) 99cosx = Ekf - Eki 1,2 [(55)(9,8)( ) 9 + 189](cos180o)(8) 9 = Ekf 27509 8 Eki = 1959,2 J9

[12.1.3]

(8) [13]

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QUESTION 8/VRAAG 8

8.1.1
99 shorter wavelength/compressed wave korter golflengte

blind man
direction of movement of ambulance rigting van beweging van ambulans
blinde man

[12.1.2]

(2)

8.1.2
99longer wavelength langer golflengte

blind man
blinde man

direction of movement of ambulance Rigting van beweging van ambulans

(2)

8.2

fL = (

v vL )fs 9 v vs

9 340 0 ) 350 9 = ( 340 40 9

= 396,7 Hz 9 8.3 When crossing a street , a blind person can determine whether a car is moving towards9 or away9 from him Wanneer n blinde persoon n straat oorsteek kan bepaal word of die motor kar na9 of weg9 van die person beweeg

[12.2.3]

(1)

[12.3.2]

(2) [11]

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QUESTION 9/VRAAG 9

9.1 9.2 9.3

Light consisting of a single frequency. 99 (or one wavelength) Lig wat net uitn enkele frekwensie bestaan. 99(of een golflengte) Alternate red9 and dark bands9 are observed. Afwisselende rooi9 en donker stroke9 is waargeneem Red bands as result of constructive and dark bands as result of destructive interference. Rooibande as gevolg van konstruktiewe en donkerbande as gevolg van destruktiewe interferensie The coloured bands are narrower 99/ A greater number of dark bands, closer together are seen. The wavelength of blue light is shorter than red99, resulting in more points of interference. Die gekleurede bande is nouer99 / n Groter aantal donker en rooi stroke nader aan mekaar. Die golflengte van blou lig is korter as rooi, 99 en veroorsaak meer interferensie. More dark and light bands are seen. 99 Meer donker en lig stroke word waargeneem.99

[12.2.1]

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[12.2.3]

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[12.2.3]

9.4

[12.2.2]

(4)

9.5

[12.2.2]

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QUESTION 10/VRAAG 10

10.1

R|| =

R1R 2 9 R1 + R 2 (5)(15) = (5 + 15) = 3,75 9

RT = 20 + 3,75 = 23,75 9 IT =
V 9 RT 60 = 9 23,75 = 2,53 A9

[12.1.3]

(6)

10.2

V20 = IR20 = (2,53)(20) 9 = 50,6 V 9 V|| = (60 50,6) = 9,4 V 9

(3) [9]

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QUESTION 11/VRAAG 11

11.1

C=

0 A 9 d 8,85 10 12 0,04 = 99 0,002 = 1,7710-10 F9

[12.2.3]

(4)

11.2

C=

Q 9 V

Q 9 250 1,7710-10250 = Q Q = 4,425 10-8C9

1,7710-10 =

[12.2.3]

(3) (2) (1)

11.3 11.4 11.5

Increase the potential difference 99 Verhoog die potensiaalverskil 99 dielectric / dilektriikum 9 It stores charge. 9 This large amount of charge can cause shock to the body. Dit berg lading. 9 Die groot hoeveelheid gebergde lading kan skok veroorsaak9

[12.2.2] [12.2.1]

[12.3.2]

(2) [13]

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QUESTION 12/VRAAG 12

12.1

Electric energy 9converted to (rotational) mechanical energy. 9 Elektriese energie9 word omgesit in meganiese energie

[12.2.1]

(2)

12.2.1 A DC motor reverses current direction with the aid of the commutator whenever the coil is in the vertical 9position to ensure continuous rotation. An AC motor, with alternating current as input, works without commutators since the current alternates. 9
n Gelykstroom motor verander die stroomrigting sodra die spoel in n vertikale posisie is, om die rotasie te volhou. n Wisselstroommotor , wat deur n wisselstroom gevoer word, werk sonder kommutators want die stroom wissel.

[12.2.1]

(2)

12.3

Increase the number of turns on each coil/increased number of coils 9 Stronger magnets 9 Bigger current 9 Verhoog die aantal windings op elke spoel/meer spoele 9 / Sterker magnete 9/ groter stroom9

[12.2.2] [12.2.3]

(3) (1)

12.4.1 Clockwise 9/Kloksgewys 12.4.2 Its own momentum 9/ split ring commutator changes direction9 of current, every time the coil reaches the vertical position. Eie momentum9 / Die kommutator verander die stroomrigting9sodra die spoel die vertikale posisie bereik

[12.2.3]

(2) [10]

QUESTION 13/VRAAG 13

13.1

The voltage can change using transformers9. Electrical energy can be transmitted over long distances at low current9, and experience low energy loss. Die elektriese spanning kan verander word deur transformators. 9 Elekriese energie kan gelei oor langafstande word een lae stroomsterkte9, en beperk dus energie verlies

[12.3.2]

(2)

13.2

Vrms =

Vmax
= 2 325

9 2 = 0,707 (325) = 230 V P = VrmsIrms 9 = (230)(13) 9 = 2 990 W9

[12.1.3]

(5) [7]

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QUESTION 14/VRAAG 14

14.1.1 14.1.2

Photo electric effect 9 Foto elektriese effek9 increases /verhoog 9 The higher intensity more photo-electrons emitted per second9/ intensity is proportional to the photo-current Hoe hor intensiteit, hoe meer foto-elektrone per sekonde vrygestel 9/ intensiteit is eweredig aan foto-elektrone Increases / toeneem9 Blue light has a higher frequency9 than red light therefore a higher energy9 Blou lig het hor frekwensie 9as rooi lig en dus hor energie9 High frequency / High energy 9 Ho frekwensie / ho energie9 High frequency UV light kills microbes and sterilises food. 9 Hoe frekwensie UV lig maak mikro organisme dood9 en steriliseer voedsel. 9 E = Wo + Ek 9 (2,95 x 10-19) 9 = (1 x 10-20) 9 + mv2 (9,11 x 10-31) v29 = (2,95 x 10-20) - (1 x 10-20) v = 2,069 x 105 ms-1 9

[12.2.1]

(1)

[12.2.2]

(2)

14.1.3

[12.2.2]

(3) (1)

14.2.1 14.2.2

[12.3.2]

[12.3.2]

(1)

14.2.3

[12.2.3]

(5) [13] TOTAL = 150 TOTAAL = 150

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