LSD Design for doubly reinforced simply supported beam
Name of work:- abc
1
Clear Span
6.00
mtr
6000
mm
Wall width
0.15
mtr
150
mm
Size of Beam
0.45
mtr
0.30
mtr
External Load
5.00
kN/m
5000
N/m
Concrete
20
Grade
Steel
415
N/mm
Niminal Cover
25
mm
Bottom Main reinforcement 1st tier
2nd tier
Top Main reinforcement
10
2 - lgd. Strirrups
20
20
20
12
10
mm F
mm F
mm F
mm F
mm F
Depth
m-
fy
150
Width
Unit weight concrete
Tensile stress
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
0
6000 mm
10 mm f 2 lgd strips
0 mm c/c
#REF!
3
25000 N/m
230
N/mm
Nos bars
Nos bars
Nos bars
Nos bars
mm c/c
150
20 mm F
20 mm F
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
0
mm
#REF!
#REF!
#REF! nos bars
mm F
nos bars
20
(a) L section
#REF!
nos bars
20
#REF!
20
mm F top bars
nos bars
20
#REF!
mm F
mm F
25
mm cover
10
0
mm
#REF!
#REF!
mm f
2 lgd strips
0 mm c/c
mm F
nos bars
20
mm F
nos bars
20
-50
mm
25
mm cover
0
mm
(b) section at mid span
[email protected]
0
mm
section at support
Design of Doubly reinforced simple supported Beam :1
2
3
4
5
Clear Span
Wall width
Size of Beam
External load
Concrete
6.00
0.15
0.45
5.00
M 20
6
7
8
9
10
Steel
fy
Bottom Main reinforcement 1st tier
Top Main reinforcement
2 - lgd. Strirrups
Cover
415
20
20
10
25
mm
m
m
450 mm
Width
kN/m
=
Unit weight concrete =
N/mm2
mm F
mm F
mm F
mm
Tensile stess =
6000 mm
150 mm
0.30 m 304 mm
5000 N/m
####
2
230 N/mm
1 computation of Design Constants and limting of N.A.:For steel fe 415
fy = 415 N/mm2
fck
= 20 N/mm2
Xu.max / d
depend only a grade of steel and is independent on grade of concrete, for
Xu.max
700
Fe
415
=
=
= 0.48
d
1100 + 0.87 x 415
Xu.max
Xu. Max
Ru = 0.36. fck.
x
compaire this with
1 - 0.416 x
d
d
value given in Table
where Ru =
0.36
x
20
x
0.479 (1- 0.416 x 0.479 )= 2.762
33.3
Here d =
150
25
10
10
= 105
mm
2
bd2
=
Mu.lim
Ru.
=
2.762 x
304 x (
105 ) =
9257266
'6
Xu.max =
0.479 d = 0.479 x
105 =
51 mm
9 x 10
2 Computation of design of bending moment
Let width of Beam
= 6000 + 105
\
Available L/d =
6105 /
105
Max. permissible value of L/d even without modification factor
Hence deflection requirement are satisfied.
self Load of Beam per meter run = 0.30 x
0.45
External load =
5000
N/m
\ Total load per meter run = 3420 + 5000
wu =
1.5 x
8420
2
WuL
12630 x 6.11
MuD (at mid span ) =
=
8
8
3
=
10
59 x
9257266
since
>
58900000
3 Determination of tensile reinforcement
fck Xumax
20
Pt.lim
=
0.414
= 0.414 x
d
fy
415
Ast1 =
Pt.lim x bd
=
0.00956
Let the cover to the center of compressive reinforcement d' '=
MuD - Mu.lin
58900000
Ast2'
=
=
0.87 fy(d -d')
1
x
415
\ Total Ast= Ast1 +Ast2 '=
=
305 + 2292
(Maximum Reiforcement = 0.04 bD
304
= 0.04 x
= 3.14xdia2
using
20
mm bars
A
4 x100
Nomber of Bars = Ast/A =
2597 / 314
Hence Provided
9 bars of 20 mm F bar, at top , in one tier,
4 Dtermination of compressive reinfocement
MuD -Mu.lin
Asc
=
58900000
=
=
=
x
=
=
x
6105 <
6150
58.14
20
1
x #### =
3420
8420 N/m
12630 N/m
6.11
N-m
\ MuD
58900
N-m
or 59 x 10 6 N-mm
> Mu.lim Double reiforcemnt required
x 0.479 = 0.00956
x
x(
=
x
=
=
304 x 105 = 305
+
10 =
25 + 10
9257266
)= 2292
105 45
2597
mm2
450 = 5472 > 2292
3.14 x 20 x 20
=
4
x 100
8.27
say
=
9 No.
keep a nominal cover ,
9257266
Asc
esc
(fsc - 0.446Fck)(d-d')
49642734
fsc 8.92 x
0.0035(xu.max - d')
xu.max
(fsc
60
0.0035
0.446 x
20 )( 105 827379
=
fsc
8.92
x( 51
45
)= 0.00041
51
415 steel, fsc = #N/A
N/mm2
827379
=
= #N/A
\ Asc
mm2
#N/A
8.92
= 3.14xdia2
using
20
mm bars
3.14 x 20
A
=
4 x100
4
x
Nomber of Bars = Ast/A = #N/A / 314 = #N/A
say
Hence Provided #N/A bars of 20 mm F bar, at top , in one tier,
45 )
Hence from Table 33.1 for fe
x 20
=
100
= #N/A No.
5 Curtailment of tensile and compressive reinforcement
Development length (Ld) of
20 mm bar in tension
See table 36.5
0.87 fy
0.87 x
415 x F
x
=
=
47 F = 47 x 20 =
F
4 tbd
4
x
1.2
x 1.6
Development length (Ld) of
20 mm bar in compression
See table 36.5
0.87 fy
0.87 x
415 x F
x
=
=
38 F = 38 x 20 =
F
1.25x4 tbd
5
x
1.2
x 1.6
Hence the tension steel cannot be curtailed at less than
0.94 m from center of span,
while the compression steel cannot be curtailed at less than
0.75 m from center of span,
Let us curtail #N/A comprssion bars and
5
Bar tension bar at a theoretical point of cut off distant
1.00
m from the center of span .
\ Actual point of cut off from the centerof span will be larger of two value
1.11
(I)
=
1.00
+
d
= 1.00 + 0.105 =
m
1.20
(II)
=
1.00
+
12
x
F
= 1.00 + 12 x 0.020 = 1.24
Keep the actual point of cut off at
1.24 m from center of spoan . Distance of theoretical ponit of cut offf
from center of span = 1.24
- 0.105 = 1.135
2 - 1.135 =
\ Distance of theoretical point of cut off from center of support = 6.105 /
It can be shown that the moment of resistance of the section at this point will be larger than the actual B.M. at this location
6 Shear reinforcement
The critical section for shear is at a distance of d =
105
or at distance of
105
+
105
/
2
=
158
6.105
=
Vs
12630 x
- 12630 x 0.16
2
36564
Vu
tv
=
=
304
x 105
bd
100Ast
100 x
5
x
314
=
\
bd
304 x
105
Hence from table 36.1
Tc
= 0.82 N/mm2
mm from the face of support .
= 0.16 m from the center of support
=
36564
1.15
4.43 %
<
1.15
N / mm2
Shear reinforcemnt required
3.14xdia2
3.14 x 10 x 10
= 2 x
=
4 x100
4
x 100
.87 x fy x Asv
0.87 x 415 x 157.0
=(
=
= 230 mm say
\
Sv
tv - tc )x b
1.15
- 0.34 )x
304
However, minimum shear reinforcement is governed by expression
2.175 x Asv x fy
2.175 x 157.0 x 415
=
=
= 466 mm say
470
\
Sv
b
304
Required Sv
=
230 mm
Spacing based on effective depth of beam
80
0.75 x 105.0 = 80 or 300
Subject to maximum of 0.75d or b which ever is less.=
strirrups @ 80 mm c/c near support
Hence provide the 10 mm
and increase this gradually to 470 mm to ward center
Let us provide
10
mm 2 leg strirrup Asv
7 Check for devlopment length at support:At the support, the tensile reinforcement should satisfy the following reaction .
1.3xM1
L0
Ld
+
>
V
There are 5
tensile Bars available at support , having Ast =
5
x 314 = 1413 mm2
415 x
5
x 314
0.87.fy.Ast1
0.87 x
Xu
=
=
= 234
20 x
304
.36 x fck .b
0.36 x
M1
=
0.87
fy.Ast1.(d - 0.416Xu)
M1
=
0.87
x 415.0 x(
4.5
x 314 )x( 105.0 - 0.42 x 234 )
3905813 N-mm or 3.906 x 10'6 N-mm
=
Wux . L
#### x 6.11
V
=
S.F.
=
N
=
= 38553.1
2
2
0.87x fy
0.87
x 415 x
F
Ld
=
x
=
= 47 x 20 =
F
4tbd
4
x 1.2 x 1.6
Minimum Embeded required from the face of the support =
940 /
3
= 313 mm
Width of support available (bo) =
150 mm, providing end cover x' of
= 50 mm
And providing 90 degree bend to tensile bars
Lo
1.3 xM1
V
239
150
50
L0
1.3
<
Ld
239
8 Deatil of reinforcement
[email protected]
- 52.5
+
60
= 107.5
3905813
x
+ 108 =
38553
< 940
Increase embedment
239
mm
am :-
mm
N/mm2
compaire this with
value given in Table
33.3
N/mm
N/mm
N/m
N-m
N-mm
Double reiforcemnt required
mm2
45
mm
mm
Hence O.K.
314
No.
25
mm2
mm
314
mm2
No.
See table 36.5
940
mm
See table 36.5
752
mm
m from center of span,
m from center of span,
eoretical point of cut off distant
m
of theoretical ponit of cut offf
1.918
from the center of support
Shear reinforcemnt required
157.0
mm2
230
mm
470
mm
80
he following reaction .
mm2
mm2
940
mm
Table 33.1 salientpoints on the design stress-strain curvefor cold worked bars
Fyd = Design Yeild stress ; fy = characterstic stress
Fe =415 Fy = 415 Fe =500 Fy = 500
Stress
steel :
N/mm2
steel :
N/mm2
level
Strain
Stress
Strain
Stress
0.8 fyd
0.00144 288.7
0.00174 347.8
0.85fyd
0.00163 306.7
0.00195 369.6
0.90 fyd
0.00192 324.8
0.00226 391.3
0.95 fyd
0.00241 342.8
0.00277 413
0.975 fyd 0.00276 351.8
0.00312 423.9
1.00 fyd
0.0038
360.9
0.00417 434.8
Table 33.2 Value of Pt,lim (%)
fck
Value of 100 pt lim. for
(N/mm2)
fy=250
fy =415
fy =500
M15
15
1.319
0.716
0.566
M20
20
1.758
0.955
0.754
M25
25
2.198
1.194
0.943
M30
30
2.638
0.433
1.132
M35
35
3.077
1.672
1.32
M40
40
3.517
1.910
1.509
Acording to ACI and australian Codes, normal structure
should have Pt.max > 0.75pt.lim
Grade
concrete
design constant
fy
Xu.max /d
250
0.531
415
0.479
500
0.456
TABLE 33.3 Value of Ru.lim For balance section
Reinforcement
Grade
concrete Fe 250,lim = Fe 415,lim = Fe 500,lim =
0.1489 fck
0.1381 fck
0.1330 fck
M15
M20
M25
M30
M35
M40
2.333
2.978
3.722
4.467
5.211
5.956
2.071
2.761
3.452
4.142
4.833
5.523
1.995
2.66
3.325
3.99
4.655
5.32
Over all
depth of slab
300 or
more
1.00
TABLE -36.3
FACTOR k
275
250
225
200
175
1.05
1.10
1.15
1.20
1.25
TABLE 36.4
Permissible Bond stress for plain bar in tension (IS : 456-2000)
Grade of concrete
M-20
M-25
M-30
M-35
Design bond stress tbd N / mm2)
1.2
1.4
1.5
1.7
150 or
less
1.30
M-40
1.9
TABLE 36.2
Maximum shear stress tc.max (N/mm2)
Grade of concrete
M-15
M-20
M-25
M-30
M-35
M-40
tc.max (N/mm2)
2.5
1. Grade of concrte
2. Grade of steel
fe 250
3. Bar in tension
46
4. Bar in compression
37
1. Grade of concrte
2. Grade of steel
fe 250
3. Bar in tension
32
4. Bar in compression
26
2.8
3.1
3.5
3.7
TABLE -36.5 VALUE OF DEVLOPMENT LENGTH FACTOR (kd)
M 20
M25
fe 415
fe 500
fe 250
fe 415
fe 500
47
57
39
41
49
38
46
31
33
39
M35
M40
fe 415
fe 500
fe 250
fe 415
fe 500
34
40
29
30
36
27
32
23
24
29
TABLE 36.1 DESIGN SHEAR STRENTH (TC) OF CONCRETE (N/mm2)
100As
bd
< 0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.55
0.60
0.65
0.70
0.75
0.80
0.85
0.90
0.95
1.00
1.05
1.10
1.15
1.20
1.25
1.30
1.35
1.40
1.45
1.50
1.55
1.60
1.65
1.70
1.75
1.80
1.85
1.90
1.95
2.00
2.05
Permissible shear stress in concrete
M-15
M-20
M-25
M-30
0.28
0.28
0.29
0.29
0.315
0.32
0.325
0.33
0.35
0.36
0.36
0.37
0.37
0.38
0.39
0.39
0.38
0.4
0.41
0.41
0.40
0.42
0.43
0.44
0.42
0.45
0.46
0.47
0.46
0.48
0.49
0.50
0.47
0.49
0.50
0.51
0.48
0.50
0.51
0.53
0.490
0.52
0.53
0.55
0.52
0.54
0.55
0.57
0.54
0.56
0.57
0.59
0.55
0.57
0.58
0.60
0.56
0.58
0.59
0.61
0.57
0.59
0.60
0.62
0.58
0.60
0.62
0.64
0.60
0.62
0.64
0.66
0.61
0.64
0.65
0.67
0.62
0.66
0.66
0.68
0.63
0.68
0.67
0.69
0.64
0.70
0.68
0.70
0.64
0.72
0.70
0.71
0.64
0.72
0.70
0.72
0.65
0.73
0.71
0.73
0.66
0.74
0.72
0.74
0.67
0.75
0.73
0.75
0.68
0.75
0.74
0.76
0.68
0.75
0.74
0.76
0.69
0.76
0.75
0.77
0.70
0.77
0.76
0.77
0.71
0.78
0.77
0.78
0.71
0.79
0.78
0.80
0.71
0.79
0.78
0.80
0.71
0.79
0.79
0.81
0.71
0.80
0.80
0.82
0.71
0.80
0.81
0.83
0.71
0.81
0.82
0.84
0.71
0.81
0.82
0.84
tv N/mm2
M-35
M-40
0.29
0.30
0.33
0.34
0.37
0.38
0.39
0.4
0.41
0.42
0.44
0.45
0.47
0.48
0.50
0.51
0.51
0.52
0.53
0.54
0.55
0.56
0.57
0.58
0.59
0.60
0.60
0.61
0.61
0.62
0.63
0.64
0.65
0.66
0.67
0.68
0.68
0.69
0.69
0.70
0.70
0.71
0.71
0.72
0.73
0.74
0.74
0.75
0.75
0.76
0.76
0.77
0.77
0.78
0.78
0.79
0.78
0.80
0.79
0.81
0.80
0.82
0.81
0.83
0.82
0.84
0.82
0.84
0.83
0.85
0.84
0.86
0.85
0.87
0.86
0.88
0.87
0.88
2.10
2.15
2.20
2.25
2.30
2.35
2.40
2.45
2.50
2.55
2.60
2.65
2.70
2.75
3.00 and above
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.81
0.81
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.82
0.83
0.83
0.84
0.85
0.85
0.86
0.87
0.88
0.88
0.88
0.88
0.89
0.89
0.90
0.92
0.85
0.86
0.87
0.88
0.88
0.89
0.89
0.90
0.91
0.91
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.94
0.96
0.87
0.88
0.89
0.90
0.90
0.91
0.91
0.92
0.93
0.93
0.94
0.94
0.95
0.96
0.99
0.89
0.90
0.91
0.92
0.92
0.93
0.93
0.94
0.95
0.95
0.96
0.96
0.97
0.98
1.01
H FACTOR (kd)
fe 250
37
29
M30
fe 415
38
31
fe 500
46
37
