001

1010100
10001111100
1011100101011100
101100011101001
IP Address
Classes
Class A 1 127 (Network 127
is reserved for loopback
and internal testing)
1011110100011010
Leading bit pattern 0
00000000.00000000.00000000.00000000
00001010010110010
Net w o rk

1001010101100111
Class B 128 191 Leading 1111010101000101
bit pattern 10

N et w or k

Ho st

Net w o rk .

Ho st

Ho st

Ho st

Ho st

11000000.00000000.00000000.00000000

1010101000110010
Class D 224 239 (Reserved for multicast)
010101001011000
110101100011010
Class E 240 255 (Reserved for experimental, used for research)
11010100001011
001010100110
1001010010

10000000.00000000.00000000.00000000

1101001101010011
Class C 192 223 Leading 001010010101010
bit pattern 110

Net w o rk .

N et w or k

Net w o rk

Ho st

IP Addressing
and
Subnetting

Private Address Space

Class A 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255

Class B 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255

Class C 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

Default Subnet Masks

Class A 255.0.0.0

Workbook

Class B 255.255.0.0

Version 2.0

Class C 255.255.255.0
Produced by: Robb Jones
[email protected] and/or [email protected]
Frederick County Career & Technology Center
Cisco Networking Academy
Frederick County Public Schools
Frederick, Maryland, USA

11111110

Instructors Edition

10010101

Special Thanks to Melvin Baker and Jim Dorsch

for taking the time to check this workbook for errors,
and to everyone who has sent in suggestions to improve the series.

00011011

Workbooks included in the series:

11010011

IP Addressing and Subnetting Workbooks

ACLs - Access Lists Workbooks
VLSM Variable-Length Subnet Mask Workbooks

10000110

Instructors (and anyone else for that matter) please do not post the Instructors version on public websites.
When you do this you are giving everyone else worldwide the answers. Yes, students look for answers this way.
It also discourages others; myself included, from posting high quality materials.
Inside Cover

Binary To Decimal Conversion

1286432168421Answers

Scratch Area

10010010

146

01110111

119

11111111

255

11000101

197

11110110

246

00010011

19

10000001

1 29

00110001

49

01111000

120

11110000

240

00111011

59

00000111

128
16
2
146

64
32
16
4
2
1
119

7
00011011

27

10101010

170

01101111

111

11111000

248

00100000

32

01010101

85

0 0 11111 0

62

00000011

11101101

237

11000000

1 92
1

Decimal To Binary Conversion

Use all 8 bits for each problem

1286432168421 = 255 Scratch Area

11101110 34
_________________________________________
238
001 0001 0
_________________________________________
34
01111011
_________________________________________ 123
0_________________________________________
0 1 1 0 0 1 0
50
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
_________________________________________
255
1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0
_________________________________________
200
0_________________________________________
0 0 0 1 0 1 0
10
1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0
_________________________________________
138
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
_________________________________________
1
0_________________________________________
0 0 0 1 1 0 1
13
1_________________________________________
1 1 1 1 0 1 0
250
0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1
_________________________________________
107
1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
_________________________________________
224
0_________________________________________
1 1 1 0 0 1 0
114
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
_________________________________________
192
1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0
_________________________________________
172
0_________________________________________
1 1 0 0 1 0 0
100
0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1
_________________________________________
119
0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1
_________________________________________
57
0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0
_________________________________________
98
1_________________________________________
0 1 1 0 0 1 1
179
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
_________________________________________
2
2

238
-128
110
-64
46
-32
14
-8
6
-4
2
-2
0

-32
2
-2
0

Address Class Identification

Address Class
10.250.1.1 _____

150.10.15.0 _____

192.14.2.0 _____

148.17.9.1 _____

193.42.1.1 _____

126.8.156.0 _____

220.200.23.1 _____

230.230.45.58 _____

177.100.18.4 _____

119.18.45.0 _____

249.240.80.78 _____

199.155.77.56 _____

117.89.56.45 _____

215.45.45.0 _____

199.200.15.0 _____

95.0.21.90 _____

33.0.0.0 _____

158.98.80.0 _____

219.21.56.0 _____

Network & Host Identification

Circle the network portion
of these addresses:

Circle the host portion of

these addresses:

177.100.18.4

10.15.123.50

119.18.45.0

171.2.199.31

209.240.80.78

198.125.87.177

199.155.77.56

223.250.200.222

117.89.56.45

17.45.222.45

215.45.45.0

126.201.54.231

192.200.15.0

191.41.35.112

95.0.21.90

155.25.169.227

33.0.0.0

192.15.155.2

158.98.80.0

123.102.45.254

217.21.56.0

148.17.9.155

10.250.1.1

100.25.1.1

150.10.15.0

195.0.21.98

192.14.2.0

25.250.135.46

148.17.9.1

171.102.77.77

193.42.1.1

55.250.5.5

126.8.156.0

218.155.230.14

220.200.23.1

10.250.1.1

Network Addresses
Using the IP address and subnet mask shown write out the network address:

188 . 10 . 0 . 0
188.10.18.2 _____________________________
255.255.0.0
10 . 10 . 48 . 0
10.10.48.80 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
192 . 149 . 24 . 0
192.149.24.191 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
150 . 203 . 0 . 0
150.203.23.19 _____________________________
255.255.0.0
10 . 0 . 0 . 0
10.10.10.10 _____________________________
255.0.0.0
186 . 13 . 23 . 0
186.13.23.110 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
223 . 69 . 0 . 0
223.69.230.250 _____________________________
255.255.0.0
200 . 120 . 135 . 0
200.120.135.15 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
27 . 0 . 0 . 0
27.125.200.151 _____________________________
255.0.0.0
199 . 20 . 150 . 0
199.20.150.35 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
191 . 55 . 165 . 0
191.55.165.135 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
28 . 212 . 0 . 0
28.212.250.254 _____________________________
255.255.0.0
5

Host Addresses
Using the IP address and subnet mask shown write out the host address:

0 . 0 . 18 . 2
188.10.18.2 _____________________________
255.255.0.0
0 . 0 . 0 . 80
10.10.48.80 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
0 . 0 . 0 . 11
222.49.49.11 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
0 . 0 . 230 . 19
128.23.230.19 _____________________________
255.255.0.0
0 . 10 . 10 . 10
10.10.10.10 _____________________________
255.0.0.0
0 . 0 . 0 . 11
200.113.123.11 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
0 . 0 . 23 . 20
223.169.23.20 _____________________________
255.255.0.0
0 . 0 . 0 . 215
203.20.35.215 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
0 . 15 . 2 . 51
117.15.2.51 _____________________________
255.0.0.0
0 . 0 . 0 . 135
199.120.15.135 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
0 . 0 . 0 . 135
191.55.165.135 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
0 . 0 . 25 . 54
48.21.25.54 _____________________________
255.255.0.0
6

Default Subnet Masks

Write the correct default subnet mask for each of the following addresses:

255 . 255 . 0 . 0
177.100.18.4 _____________________________
255 . 0 . 0 . 0
119.18.45.0 _____________________________
255 . 255 . 0 . 0
191.249.234.191 _____________________________
255 . 255 . 255 . 0
223.23.223.109 _____________________________
255 . 0 . 0 . 0
10.10.250.1 _____________________________
255 . 0 . 0 . 0
126.123.23.1 _____________________________
255 . 255 . 255 . 0
223.69.230.250 _____________________________
255 . 255 . 255 . 0
192.12.35.105 _____________________________
255 . 0 . 0 . 0
77.251.200.51 _____________________________
255 . 255 . 0 . 0
189.210.50.1 _____________________________
255 . 0 . 0 . 0
88.45.65.35 _____________________________
255 . 255 . 0 . 0
128.212.250.254 _____________________________
255 . 255 . 255 . 0
193.100.77.83 _____________________________
255 . 0 . 0 . 0
125.125.250.1 _____________________________
255 . 0 . 0 . 0
1.1.10.50 _____________________________
255 . 255 . 255 . 0
220.90.130.45 _____________________________
255 . 255 . 0 . 0
134.125.34.9 _____________________________
255 . 0 . 0 . 0
95.250.91.99 _____________________________
7

ANDING With
Default subnet masks
Every IP address must be accompanied by a subnet mask. By now you should be able to look
at an IP address and tell what class it is. Unfortunately your computer doesnt think that way.
For your computer to determine the network and subnet portion of an IP address it must
AND the IP address with the subnet mask.
Default Subnet Masks:
Class A 255.0.0.0
Class B 255.255.0.0
Class C 255.255.255.0
ANDING Equations:
1 AND 1 = 1
1 AND 0 = 0
0 AND 1 = 0
0 AND 0 = 0
Sample:
What you see...
IP Address: 192 . 100 . 10 . 33
What you can figure out in your head...
Address Class: C
Network Portion:
Host Portion: 192 . 100 . 10 .

192 . 100 . 10

. 33
33

In order for you computer to get the same information it must AND the IP address with
the subnet mask in binary.
Network Host

IP Address:
Default Subnet Mask:

11000000.01100100.00001010.00100001
11111111.01111111.11111111.00000000

AND: 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ANDING with the default subnet mask allows your computer to figure out the network
portion of the address.

(192 . 100 . 10 . 33)

(255 . 255 . 255 . 0)
(192 . 100 . 10 . 0)

ANDING With
Custom subnet masks
When you take a single network such as 192.100.10.0 and divide it into five smaller networks
(192.100.10.16, 192.100.10.32, 192.100.10.48, 192.100.10.64, 192.100.10.80) the outside
world still sees the network as 192.100.10.0, but the internal computers and routers see five
smaller subnetworks. Each independent of the other. This can only be accomplished by using
a custom subnet mask. A custom subnet mask borrows bits from the host portion of the
address to create a subnetwork address between the network and host portions of an IP
address. In this example each range has 14 usable addresses in it. The computer must still
AND the IP address against the custom subnet mask to see what the network portion is and
which subnetwork it belongs to.
IP Address: 192 . 100 . 10 . 0
Custom Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.240
Address Ranges:

192.10.10.0 to 192.100.10.15
192.100.10.16 to 192.100.10.31
192.100.10.32 to 192.100.10.47 (Range in the sample below)
192.100.10.48 to 192.100.10.63
192.100.10.64 to 192.100.10.79
192.100.10.80 to 192.100.10.95
192.100.10.96 to 192.100.10.111
192.100.10.112 to 192.100.10.127
192.100.10.128 to 192.100.10.143
192.100.10.144 to 192.100.10.159
192.100.10.160 to 192.100.10.175
192.100.10.176 to 192.100.10.191
192.100.10.192 to 192.100.10.207
192.100.10.208 to 192.100.10.223
192.100.10.224 to 192.100.10.239
192.100.10.240 to 192.100.10.255
Sub
Network Host

Network

IP Address:
Custom Subnet Mask:

11000000.01100100.00001010.00100001
11111111.01111111.11111111.11110000

AND: 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0

(192 . 100 . 10 . 33)

(255 . 255 . 255 . 240)
(192 . 100 . 10 . 32)

Four bits borrowed from the host

portion of the address for the
custom subnet mask.
The ANDING process of the four borrowed bits
shows which range of IP addresses this
particular address will fall into.

In the next set of problems you will determine the necessary information to determine the
correct subnet mask for a variety of IP addresses.

How to determine the number of subnets and the

number of hosts per subnet
Two formulas can provide this basic information:
Number of subnets = 2

(Second subnet formula:

Number of hosts per subnet = 2 - 2

Number of subnets = 2 - 2 s

Both formulas calculate the number of hosts or subnets based on the number of binary bits
used. For example if you borrow three bits from the host portion of the address use the
number of subnets
formula to determine the total number of subnets gained by borrowing the
three bits. This would be 2 or 23 x 2 x 2 = 8 subnets
To determine the number of hosts per subnet you would take the number of binary bits used in
the host portion and apply this to the
number of hosts per subnet
formula If five bits are in the
host portion of the address this would be 2 or 2 x 25x 2 x 2 x 2 = 32 hosts.
When dealing with the
number of hosts per subnet
you have to subtract two addresses from
the range. The first address in every range is the subnet number. The last address in every
range is the broadcast address. These two addresses cannot be assigned to any device in
the network which is why you have to subtract two addresses to find the number of usable
addresses in each range.
For example if two bits are borrowed for the network portion of the address you can easily
determine the number of subnets and hosts per subnets using the two formulas.

195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
195. 223 . 50 . The
0 0number
0 0 0of0subnets
0 0
195. 223 . 50 . created
0 0 0 by
0 borrowing
0 0 0 02
195. 223 . 50 . bits
0 0is02 02or02 x0 20= 40
subnets.

The number of hosts created by

leaving 6 bits is 2 - 26 or
2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 64 - 2 = 62

usable hosts per subnet.

What about that second subnet formula:

Number of subnets = 2 - 2 s
In some instances the first and last subnet range of addresses are reserved. This is similar to
the first and last host addresses in each range of addreses.
The first range of addresses is the
zero subnet
also the subnet number for the classful subnet address.
The last range of addresses is the
subnet in the broadcast subnet
10

. The subnet number for the

zero subnet

broadcast subnet
. The broadcast address for the last
is the same as the classful broadcast address.

is

Class C Address unsubnetted:

195. 223 . 50 . 0
195. 223 . 50 . 0
195. 223 . 50 . 0
195.223.50.0
to
195. 223 . 50 . 0
195. 223 . 50 . 0
Class C Address subnetted
195. 223 . 50 . 0 0
195. 223 . 50 . 0 0
195. 223
. 50range)
.0 0
(Invalid
195. 223 . 50 . 0 0
195. 223 . 50 . 0 0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

(Invalid range)

0 0 0
0 0 0
0 (0)
0 0
0 (1)
0 0
0 (2)
0 0
(3)

195.223.50.255
Notice that the subnet and
broadcast addresses match.

(2 bits borrowed):

195.223.50.0
195.223.50.64
195.223.50.128
195.223.50.192

to
to
to
to

195.223.50.63
195.223.50.127
195.223.50.191
195.223.50.255

The primary reason the the zero and broadcast subnets were not used had to do pirmarily with
the broadcast addresses. If you send a broadcast to 195.223.255 are you sending it to all 255
addresses in the classful C address or just the 62 usable addresses in the broadcast range?
The CCNA and CCENT certification exams may have questions which will require you to
determine which formula to use, and whehter or not you can use the first and last subnets. Use
the chart below to help decide.

When to use which formula to determine the number of subnets

Use the 2 s - 2 formula and
zero and broadcast ranges if...

dont use

the

Use the 2s formula and

broadcast ranges if...

use the zero and

Classful routing is used

Classless routing or VLSM is used

RIP version 1 is used

RIP version 2, EIGRP, or OSPF is used

The no ip subnet zero

command is
configured on your router

The ip subnet zero

command is
configured on your router (default setting)
No other clues are given

Bottom line for the CCNA exams; if a question does not give you any clues as to whether or not
to allow these two subnets, assume you can use them.
This workbook has you use the number of subnets = 2 formula. s
11

Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 1
Number of needed subnets
Number of needed usable hosts
Network Address

14
14
192.10.10.0

Address class

C
__________

Default subnet mask

_______________________________
255 . 255 . 255 . 0

Custom subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 240

_______________________________

Total number of subnets

___________________
16

Total number of host addresses

16
___________________

Number of usable addresses

14
___________________

Number of bits borrowed

___________________
4

Show your work for Problem 1 in the space below.

Number of
Number of
Subnets - 2 4

256 128 64 32 16 8 4

128 64 32 16 8 4 2

192 . 10 . 10 .
192 . 10 . 10 .
192 . 10 . 10 .

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

Add the binary value

numbers to the left of the line to
create the custom subnet mask.

12

2 - Hosts

8 16 32 64 128 256

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0
128
64
32
+16
240

1 - Binary values

16
-2
14

Observe the total number of

hosts.
Subtract 2 for the number of
usable hosts.

Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 2
Number of needed subnets
Number of needed usable hosts
Network Address

1000
60
165.100.0.0

Address class

B
__________

Default subnet mask

_______________________________
255 . 255 . 0 . 0

Custom subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 192

_______________________________
___________________
1,024

Total number of subnets

Total number of host addresses

64
___________________

Number of usable addresses

62
___________________
___________________
10

Number of bits borrowed

Show your work for Problem 2 in the space below.

Number of
Hosts -

. 256 128 64 32 16 8

Number of
Subnets - 2 4

8 16 32 64 128 256

Binary values -

165 . 100 . 0
165 . 100 . 0
165 . 100 . 0

128 64 32 16 8 4 2

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

Add the binary value

numbers to the left of the line to
create the custom subnet mask.

0
0
0

0
0
0

0 0. 0
0 0. 0
128
0 0. 0
64
32
16
8
4
2
+1
255

0
0
0

1 .

0 0 0
0 0 0
128
0 0 0
+64
192

0
0
0

0
0
0

128 64 32 16 8 4

4 2

2 1

0
0
0
64
-2
62

Observe the total number of

hosts.
Subtract 2 for the number of
usable hosts.

13

Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 3
Network Address

/26 indicates the total number of

bits used for the network and

148.75.0.0 /26

subnetwork portion of the

address. All bits remaining belong
to the host portion of the address.

Address class

B
__________

Default subnet mask

255 . 255 . 0 . 0
_______________________________

Custom subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 192

_______________________________

Total number of subnets

1,024
___________________

Total number of host addresses

64
___________________

Number of usable addresses

62
___________________

Number of bits borrowed

10
___________________

Show your work for Problem 3 in the space below.

Number of
Hosts Number of
Subnets - 2 4
Binary values -

. 256 128 64 32 16 8

8 16 32 64 128 256
128 64 32 16 8 4 2

1 .

148 . 75 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
148 . 75 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
148 . 75 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0128
0 . 0 0 128
0 0 0 0 0 0
64
+64
32
192
16
Add the binary value
8
numbers to the left of the line to
create the custom subnet mask.
4
2
1024
+1
-2
255
1,022
14

4 2

.. 128 64 32 16 8 4
..

64
-2
62
Subtract 2 for the total number of
subnets to get the usable number of
subnets.

2 1

Observe the total number of

hosts.
Subtract 2 for the number of
usable hosts.

Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 4
Number of needed subnets
Number of needed usable hosts
Network Address

6
30
195.85.8.0
C
_______

Address class
Default subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

_______________________________

Custom subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 224

_______________________________
8
___________________

Total number of subnets

Total number of host addresses

32
___________________

Number of usable addresses

30
___________________
3
___________________

Number of bits borrowed

Show your work for Problem 5 in the space below.

Number of
256 128 64 32 16 8 4

Number of
Subnets - 2 4

128 64 32 16 8 4 2

195 . 85 . 8 .
195 . 85 . 8 .
195 . 85 . 8 .

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0

2 - Hosts

8 16 32 64 128 256

0
0
0

1 - Binary values

0
0
0

128
64
+32
224

32
-2
30

8
-2
6
15

Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 5
Number of needed subnets
Number of needed usable hosts
Network Address
Address class

6
30
210.100.56.0
C
_______

Default subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

_______________________________

Custom subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 224

_______________________________

Total number of subnets

8
___________________

Total number of host addresses

32
___________________

Number of usable addresses

30
___________________

Number of bits borrowed

3
___________________

Show your work for Problem 4 in the space below.

Number of
256 128 64 32 16 8 4

Number of
Subnets - 2 4

128 64 32 16 8 4 2

210 . 100 . 56 .
210 . 100 . 56 .
210 . 100 . 56 .

0 0 0
0 0 0
0128
0 0
64
+32
224

16

0
0
0

0
0
0

2 - Hosts

8 16 32 64 128 256

0
0
0

0
0
0

0
0
0
8
-2
6

32
-2
30

1 - Binary values

Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 6
Number of needed subnets
Number of needed usable hosts
Network Address

126
131,070
118.0.0.0

Address class

A
_______

Default subnet mask

255 . 0 . 0 . 0
_______________________________

Custom subnet mask

255 . 254. 0 . 0
_______________________________
128
___________________

Total number of subnets

Total number of host addresses

131,072
___________________

Number of usable addresses

131,070
___________________
7
___________________

Number of bits borrowed

Show your work for Problem 6 in the space below.

Number of
Hosts

Number of
Subnets -

. 256 128 64 32 16 8

Binary values -128 64 32 16

4 2

2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 .
4 2 1 .

.
.

118. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0.. 128

0 064032016
118. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

128
64
32
16
8
4
+2
254

128
-2
126

..
.. 128 64 32 16 8 4
8 4

2 1 .

131,072
-2
131,070
17

Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 7
Number of needed subnets
Number of needed usable hosts
Network Address

2000
15
178.100.0.0

Address class

B
__________

Default subnet mask

255 . 255 . 0 . 0
_______________________________

Custom subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 224

_______________________________

Total number of subnets

2,048
___________________

Total number of host addresses

32
___________________

Number of usable addresses

30
___________________

Number of bits borrowed

11
___________________

Show your work for Problem 7 in the space below.

Number of
Hosts
Number of
Subnets - 2 4
Binary values -

. 256 128 64 32 16 8

8 16 32 64 128 256
128 64 32 16 8 4 2

4 2

1 .

178 . 100 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
178 . 100 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
128
64
32
16
8
2,048
4
-2
2
2,046
+1
255
18

128 64 32 16 8 4

32
-2
30

2 1

Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 8
Number of needed subnets
Number of needed usable hosts
Network Address
Address class

3
45
200.175.14.0
C
_______

Default subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

_______________________________

Custom subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 192

_______________________________

Total number of subnets

4
___________________

Total number of host addresses

64
___________________

Number of usable addresses

62
___________________

Number of bits borrowed

2
___________________

Show your work for Problem 8 in the space below.

Number of
256 128 64 32 16
16
Number of
16
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 2 44 8 16
16
16
2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256
16 8 4 2 - Hosts
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

200 . 175 . 14 .
200 . 175 . 14 .
200 . 175 . 14 .
200 . 175 . 14 .
200 . 175 . 14 .

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

128
+64
240

4
-2
2

64
-2
62
19

Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 9
Number of needed subnets
Number of needed usable hosts
Network Address

60
1,000
128.77.0.0
B
_______

Address class
Default subnet mask

255 . 255 . 0 . 0
_______________________________

Custom subnet mask

255 . 255 . 252 . 0

_______________________________
64
___________________

Total number of subnets

Total number of host addresses

1,024
___________________

Number of usable addresses

1,022
___________________
6
___________________

Number of bits borrowed

Show your work for Problem 9 in the space below.

Number of
Hosts -

. 256 128 64 32 16 8

Number of
Subnets - 2 4

128 . 77 . 0
128 . 77 . 0
128 . 77 . 0
128 . 77 . 0
128 . 77 . 0

20

8 16 32 64 128 256

Binary values -

128 64 32 16 8 4 2

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0.
0.
0.
0.
0.

0
0
0
0
0

4 2

1 .

0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 128
0 0 0
0 0 64
0 0
32
16
8
+4
252

128 64 32 16 8 4

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
64
-2
62

1,024
-2
1,022

2 1

Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 10
Number of needed usable hosts
Network Address
Address class

60
198.100.10.0
C
_______

Default subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

_______________________________

Custom subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 192

_______________________________

Total number of subnets

4
___________________

Total number of host addresses

64
___________________

Number of usable addresses

62
___________________

Number of bits borrowed

2
___________________

Show your work for Problem 10 in the space below.

Number of
256 128 64 32 16
16
Number of
16
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 2 44 8 16
16
16
2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256
16 8 4 2 - Hosts
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

198 . 100 . 10 .
198 . 100 . 10 .
198 . 100 . 10 .
198 . 100 . 10 .
198 . 100 . 10 .

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

128
+64
192

64
-2
62

4
-2
2
21

Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 11
Number of needed subnets
Network Address

250
101.0.0.0

Address class

A
_______

Default subnet mask

255 . 0 . 0 . 0
_______________________________

Custom subnet mask

255 . 255 . 0 . 0
_______________________________
256
___________________

Total number of subnets

Total number of host addresses

65,536
___________________

Number of usable addresses

65,534
___________________
8
___________________

Number of bits borrowed

Show your work for Problem 11 in the space below.

Number of
Hosts

. 256 128 64 32 16 8

Number of

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

Binary values -128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 .

128
64
32
16
8
4
2
+1
255
22

.
.

101.
101. 0 00 00 0 0 00 00 0 . 00 0 0 00 00 0 0 00 .. 0 00 00 0. 0 00 00 0
. 128 64 32 16
101. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

256
-2
254

4 2

..
.. 128 64 32 16 8 4
8 4

2 1 .

65,536
-2
65,534

Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 12
Number of needed subnets
Network Address
Address class

5
218.35.50.0
C
_______

Default subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

_______________________________

Custom subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 224

_______________________________

Total number of subnets

8
___________________

Total number of host addresses

32
___________________

Number of usable addresses

30
___________________

Number of bits borrowed

3
___________________

Show your work for Problem 12 in the space below.

Number of
256 128 64 32 16
16
Number of
16
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 2 44 8 16
16
16
2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256
16 8 4 2 - Hosts
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

218 . 35 . 50 .
218 . 35 . 50 .
218 . 35 . 50 .
218 . 35 . 50 .
218 . 35 . 50 .

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

128
64
+32
224

64
-2
62

4
-2
2
23

Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 13
Number of needed usable hosts
Network Address
Address class

25
218.35.50.0
C
_______

Default subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

_______________________________

Custom subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 224

_______________________________
8
___________________

Total number of subnets

Total number of host addresses

32
___________________

Number of usable addresses

30
___________________
3
___________________

Number of bits borrowed

Show your work for Problem 13 in the space below.

Number of
256 128 64
Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 2 4 8
2 4 8
1282 644 328

218 . 35 . 50 .
218 . 35 . 50 .
218 . 35 . 50 .
218 . 35 . 50 .
218 . 35 . 50 .

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

16
16
16
16
16 8 4 2 - Hosts
16
16
8
4
2
1
16 32 64 128 256- Binary values

0
0
0
0
0

128
64
+32
224
24

32 16

8
-2
6

32
-2
30

Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 14
Number of needed subnets
Network Address

10
172.59.0.0
B
_______

Address class
Default subnet mask

255 . 255 . 0 . 0
_______________________________

Custom subnet mask

255 . 255 . 240 . 0

_______________________________
16
___________________

Total number of subnets

Total number of host addresses

4,096
___________________

Number of usable addresses

4,094
___________________
4
___________________

Number of bits borrowed

Show your work for Problem 14 in the space below.

Number of
Hosts -

. 256 128 64 32 16 8

Number of
Subnets - 2 4

172 . 59 . 0
172 . 59 . 0
172 . 59 . 0
172 . 59 . 0
172 . 59 . 0

0
0
0
0
0

8 16 32 64 128 256

Binary values -

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

128 64 32 16 8 4 2

1 .

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0.
0.
0.
0.
0.

0
0
0
0
0

4 2

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

128
64
32
+16
240

128 64 32 16 8 4

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

2 1

0
0
0
0
0

16
-2
14

4,096
-2
4,094
25

Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 15
Number of needed usable hosts
Network Address

50
172.59.0.0
B
_______

Address class
Default subnet mask

255 . 255 . 0 . 0
_______________________________

Custom subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 192

_______________________________
1,024
___________________

Total number of subnets

Total number of host addresses

64
___________________

Number of usable addresses

62
___________________
10
___________________

Number of bits borrowed

Show your work for Problem 15 in the space below.

Number of
Hosts -

. 256 128 64 32 16 8

Number of
Subnets - 2 4

172 . 59 . 0
172 . 59 . 0
172 . 59 . 0
172 . 59 . 0
172 . 59 . 0

26

0
0
0
0
0

8 16 32 64 128 256

Binary values -

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

128 64 32 16 8 4 2

1 .

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0.
0.
0.
0.
0.

0 0 0
0 0 0
0128
0 0
0 64
0 0
0 32
0 0
16
8
4
2
+1
255

4 2

0
0
0
0
0

128 64 32 16 8 4

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

128
+64
192

0
0
0
0
0

64
-2
62

1,024
-2
1,022

2 1

Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 16
Number of needed usable hosts
Network Address

29
23.0.0.0

Address class

A
_______

Default subnet mask

255 . 0 . 0 . 0
_______________________________

Custom subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 224

_______________________________

Total number of subnets

524,288
___________________

Total number of host addresses

32
___________________

Number of usable addresses

30
___________________

Number of bits borrowed

19
___________________

Show your work for Problem 16 in the space below.

Number of
Hosts

. 256 128 64 32 16 8

Number of
Subnets -

2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

Binary values -128 64 32 16

4 2 1 .

23 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 .. 0 0 0 0
23 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 . 01280640320 16
23 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
23 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
23 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

128
64
+32
224

4 2

32
-2
30

8 4

2 1 .

.
.
.
. 128 64 32 16 8 4

524,288
-2
524,286
27

Subnetting
Problem 1
Number of needed subnets
Number of needed usable hosts
Network Address

14
14
192.10.10.0

Address class

__________
C

Default subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

_______________________________

Custom subnet mask

_______________________________
255 . 255 . 255 . 240

Total number of subnets

16
___________________

Total number of host addresses

16
___________________

Number of usable addresses

___________________
14

Number of bits borrowed

What is the 4th

subnet range?

4
___________________

192.10.10.48 to 192.10.10.63
_______________________________________________

What is the subnet number

for the 8th subnet?

192 . 10 . 10 . 112
________________________

What is the subnet

broadcast address for
the 13th subnet?

192 . 10 . 10 . 207
________________________

What are the assignable

addresses for the 9th
subnet?

28

192.10.10.129 to 192.10.10.142
______________________________________

Show your work for Problem 1 in the space below.

Number of
256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts
Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 22 44 88 16
16
2 4 8 16
128
2 256
1 - Binary values
2 464 8321616 328 644128

192. 10 . 10 . 0
192. 10 . 10 . 0
192. 10 . 10 . 0
192. 10 . 10 . 0
192. 10 . 10 . 0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0 0 0
0 0 0
0(1)
0 0
0 0 0
(2)
0 0 0
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
(15)
(16)

Custom subnet
mask

0 0
0 0
0 00
0 0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1

128
64
32
+16
240

0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1

0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1

192.10.10.0 to 192.10.10.15
192.10.10.16 to 192.10.10.31
192.10.10.32 to 192.10.10.47
192.10.10.48 to 192.10.10.63
192.10.10.64 to 192.10.10.79
192.10.10.80 to 192.10.10.95
192.10.10.96 to 192.10.10.111
192.10.10.112 to 192.10.10.127
192.10.10.128 to 192.10.10.143
192.10.10.144 to 192.10.10.159
192.10.10.160 to 192.10.10.175
192.10.10.176 to 192.10.10.191
192.10.10.192 to 192.10.10.207
192.10.10.208 to 192.10.10.223
192.10.10.224 to 192.10.10.239
192.10.10.240 to 192.10.10.255

Usable subnets

16
-2
14

Usable hosts

16
-2
14

The binary value of the last bit borrowed is the range. In this
problem the range is 16.
The first address in each subnet range is the subnet number.
The last address in each subnet range is the subnet broadcast
address.

29

Subnetting
Problem 2
Number of needed subnets
Number of needed usable hosts
Network Address

1000
60
165.100.0.0

Address class

B
__________

Default subnet mask

_______________________________
255 . 255 . 0 . 0

Custom subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 192

_______________________________

Total number of subnets

64
___________________

Number of usable addresses

62
___________________

Number of bits borrowed

What is the 15th

subnet range?
What is the subnet number
for the 6th subnet?
What is the subnet
broadcast address for
the 6th subnet?
What are the assignable
addresses for the 9th
subnet?

30

___________________
1,024

Total number of host addresses

___________________
10

165.100.3.128 to 165.100.3.191
_______________________________________________

165 . 100 . 1 . 64
________________________

165 . 100 . 1 . 127

________________________

165.100.2.1 to 165.100.0.62
______________________________________

Show your work for Problem 2 in the space below.

31

Subnetting
Problem 3

Hint: It is possible to borrow

Number of needed subnets

Network Address

2
195.223.50.0

Address class

C
__________

Default subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

_______________________________

Custom subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 128

_______________________________

Total number of subnets

2
___________________

Total number of host addresses

128
___________________

Number of usable addresses

126
___________________

Number of bits borrowed

What is the 2nd

subnet range?
What is the subnet number
for the 2nd subnet?
What is the subnet
broadcast address for
the 1st subnet?
What are the assignable
addresses for the 1st
subnet?

32

one bit to create two subnets.

1
___________________

195.223.50.128 - 195.223.50.255
_______________________________________________

195.223.50.128
________________________

195.223.50.127
________________________

195.223.50.1 - 195.223.50.126
______________________________________

Show your work for Problem 3 in the space below.

Number of
256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts
Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 22 44 88 16
16
2 4 8 16
128
2 256
1 - Binary values
2 464 8321616 328 644128

195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0(1)
0 0 0 0 0
(2)
1

195.223.50.0
195.223.50.128

to
to

195.223.50.127
195.223.50.255

33

Subnetting
Problem 4
Number of needed subnets
Network Address
Address class

B
__________

Default subnet mask

255 . 255 . 0 . 0
_______________________________

Custom subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 192

_______________________________

Total number of subnets

1,024
___________________

Total number of host addresses

64
___________________

Number of usable addresses

62
___________________

Number of bits borrowed

What is the 15th

subnet range?
What is the subnet number
for the 13th subnet?
What is the subnet
broadcast address for
the 10th subnet?
What are the assignable
addresses for the 6th
subnet?

34

750
190.35.0.0

10
___________________

190.35.3.128 to 190.35.3.191
_______________________________________________

190.35.3.0
________________________

190.35.2.127
________________________

190.35.1.65 to 190.35.1.126
______________________________________

Show your work for Problem 4 in the space below.

35

Subnetting
Problem 5
Number of needed usable hosts
Network Address
Address class

A
__________

Default subnet mask

255 . 0 . 0 . 0
_______________________________

Custom subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 248

_______________________________

Total number of subnets

Total number of host addresses
Number of usable addresses
Number of bits borrowed

What is the 2nd

subnet range?
What is the subnet number
for the 5th subnet?
What is the subnet
broadcast address for
the 7th subnet?
What are the assignable
addresses for the 10th
subnet?

36

6
126.0.0.0

2,097,152
___________________
8
________________
6
___________________
21
___________________

126.0.0.8 to 126.0.0.15
_______________________________________________

126.0.0.32
________________________

126.0.0.55
________________________

126.0.0.73 to 126.0.0.78
______________________________________

Show your work for Problem 5 in the space below.

37

Subnetting
Problem 6
Number of needed subnets
Network Address

10
192.70.10.0

Address class

C
__________

Default subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

_______________________________

Custom subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 240

_______________________________

Total number of subnets

16
___________________

Total number of host addresses

16
___________________

Number of usable addresses

14
___________________

Number of bits borrowed

What is the 9th

subnet range?

4
___________________

192.70.10.128
to 192.70.10.143
_______________________________________________

What is the subnet number

for the 4th subnet?

192.70.10.48
________________________

What is the subnet

broadcast address for
the 12th subnet?

192.70.10.191
________________________

What are the assignable

addresses for the 10th
subnet?

38

192.70.10.145
to 192.70.10.158
______________________________________

Show your work for Problem 6 in the space below.

Number of
256 128 64 32 16
16
Number of
16
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 22 44 88 16
16
16
2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256
16 8 4 2 - Hosts
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

192 . 70 . 10 .
192 . 70 . 10 .
192 . 70 . 10 .
192 . 70 . 10 .
192 . 70 . 10 .

.
.
(1) .
(2) .
(3) .
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
(15)
(16)

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
10
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1

0
0
00
0 1
00
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1

128
+64
240

192.70.10.0
192.70.10.16
192.70.10.32
192.70.10.48
192.70.10.64
192.70.10.80
192.70.10.96
192.70.10.112
192.70.10.128
192.70.10.144
192.70.10.160
192.70.10.176
192.70.10.192
192.70.10.208
192.70.10.224
192.70.10.240

to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to

192.70.10.15
192.70.10.31
192.70.10.47
192.70.10.63
192.70.10.79
192.70.10.95
192.70.10.111
192.70.10.127
192.70.10.143
192.70.10.159
192.70.10.175
192.70.10.191
192.70.10.0207
192.70.10.223
192.70.10.239
192.70.10.255

16
-2
14
39

Subnetting
Problem 7
Network Address

10.0.0.0 /16

Address class

__________
A

Default subnet mask

_______________________________
255 . 0 . 0 . 0

Custom subnet mask

_______________________________
255 . 255 . 0 . 0

Total number of subnets

___________________
256

Total number of host addresses

___________________
65,536

Number of usable addresses

___________________
65,534

Number of bits borrowed

What is the 11th

subnet range?

___________________
8

10.10.0.0 to 10.10.255.255
_______________________________________________

What is the subnet number

for the 6th subnet?

10.5.0.0
________________________

What is the subnet

broadcast address for
the 2nd subnet?

10.1.255.255
________________________

What are the assignable

addresses for the 9th
subnet?

40

10.8.0.1 to 10.8.255.254
______________________________________

Show your work for Problem 7 in the space below.

41

Subnetting
Problem 8
Number of needed subnets
Network Address
Address class

B
__________

Default subnet mask

255 . 255 . 0 . 0
_______________________________

Custom subnet mask

255 . 255 . 224 . 0

_______________________________

Total number of subnets

8
___________________

Total number of host addresses

8,192
___________________

Number of usable addresses

8,190
___________________

Number of bits borrowed

What is the 4th

subnet range?
What is the subnet number
for the 5th subnet?
What is the subnet
broadcast address for
the 6th subnet?
What are the assignable
addresses for the 3rd
subnet?

42

5
172.50.0.0

3
___________________

_______________________________________________
172.50.96.0 to 172.50.127.255
________________________
172.50.128.0

172.50.191.255
________________________

______________________________________
172.50.64.1 to 172.50.95.254

Show your work for Problem 8 in the space below.

43

Subnetting
Problem 9
Number of needed usable hosts
Network Address
Address class

28
172.50.0.0
B
__________

Default subnet mask

255 . 255 . 0 . 0
_______________________________

Custom subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 224

_______________________________

Total number of subnets

2,048
___________________

Total number of host addresses

32
___________________

Number of usable addresses

30
___________________

Number of bits borrowed

What is the 2nd

subnet range?

11
___________________

172.50.0.32 to 172.50.0.63
_______________________________________________

What is the subnet number

for the 10th subnet?

172.50.1.32
________________________

What is the subnet broadcast

address for
the 4th subnet?

172.50.0.127
________________________

What are the assignable

addresses for the 6th
subnet?

44

172.50.0.161
to 172.50.0.190
______________________________________

Show your work for Problem 9 in the space below.

45

Subnetting
Problem 10
Number of needed subnets
Network Address
Address class

45
220.100.100.0
C
__________

Default subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

_______________________________

Custom subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 252

_______________________________

Total number of subnets

64
___________________

Total number of host addresses

4
___________________

Number of usable addresses

2
___________________

Number of bits borrowed

What is the 5th

subnet range?

6
___________________

_______________________________________________
220.100.100.16 to 220.100.100.19

What is the subnet number

for the 4th subnet?

220.100.100.12
________________________

What is the subnet

broadcast address for
the 13th subnet?

________________________
220.100.100.51

What are the assignable

addresses for the 12th
subnet?

46

______________________________________
220.100.100.45 to 220.100.100.46

Show your work for Problem 10 in the space below.

47

Subnetting
Problem 11
Number of needed usable hosts
Network Address
Address class

8,000
135.70.0.0
B
__________

Default subnet mask

255 . 255 . 0 . 0
_______________________________

Custom subnet mask

255 . 255 . 224 . 0

_______________________________

Total number of subnets

8
___________________

Total number of host addresses

8,192
___________________

Number of usable addresses

8,190
___________________

Number of bits borrowed

What is the 6th

subnet range?

3
___________________

135.70.160.0 to 135.70.191.255
_______________________________________________

What is the subnet number

for the 7th subnet?

135.70.192.0
________________________

What is the subnet

broadcast address for
the 3rd subnet?

135.70.95.255
________________________

What are the assignable

addresses for the 5th
subnet?

48

135.70.128.1 to 135.70.159.254
______________________________________

Show your work for Problem 11 in the space below.

49

Subnetting
Problem 12
Number of needed usable hosts
Network Address

45
198.125.50.0

Address class

C
__________

Default subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

_______________________________

Custom subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 192

_______________________________

Total number of subnets

64
___________________

Number of usable addresses

62
___________________

Number of bits borrowed

What is the 2nd

subnet range?
What is the subnet number
for the 2nd subnet?
What is the subnet
broadcast address for
the 4th subnet?
What are the assignable
addresses for the 3rd
subnet?

50

4
___________________

Total number of host addresses

2
___________________

198.125.50.64
to 98.125.50.127
_______________________________________________

198.125.50.64
________________________

198.125.50.255
________________________

198.125.50.129
to 198.125.50.190
______________________________________

Show your work for Problem 12 in the space below.

Number of
256 128 64 32 16
16
Number of
16
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 2 44 8 16
16
16 8 4 2 - Hosts
2 4 8 16
1282 644 328 16
8 464 128
2 1256- Binary values
16 32

198 . 125 . 50 .
198 . 125 . 50 .
198 . 125 . 50 .
198 . 125 . 50 .
198 . 125 . 50 .

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0 0 0
0 0 0
0 (1)
0 0
0 (2)
0 0
0 (3)
0 0
(4)

128
+64
192

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
10
1

0
1
0
1

198.125.50.0
198.125.50.64
198.125.50.128
198.125.50.192

to
to
to
to

198.125.50.63
198.125.50.127
198.125.50.191
198.125.50.255

64
-2
62

51

Subnetting
Problem 13
Network Address
Address class

165.200.0.0 /26
B
__________

Default subnet mask

255 . 255 . 0 . 0
_______________________________

Custom subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 192

_______________________________

Total number of subnets

1,024
___________________

Total number of host addresses

64
___________________

Number of usable addresses

62
___________________

Number of bits borrowed

What is the 10th

subnet range?

10
___________________

165.200.2.64 to 165.200.2.127
_______________________________________________

What is the subnet number

for the 11th subnet?

165.200.2.128
________________________

What is the subnet

broadcast address for
the 1023rd subnet?

165.200.255.191
________________________

What are the assignable

addresses for the 1022nd
subnet?

52

165.200.255.65 to 165.200.255.126
______________________________________

Show your work for Problem 13 in the space below.

53

Subnetting
Problem 14
Number of needed usable hosts
Network Address

16
200.10.10.0

Address class

C
__________

Default subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 0

_______________________________

Custom subnet mask

255 . 255 . 255 . 224

_______________________________

Total number of subnets

32
___________________

Number of usable addresses

30
___________________

Number of bits borrowed

What is the 7th

subnet range?
What is the subnet number
for the 5th subnet?
What is the subnet
broadcast address for
the 4th subnet?
What are the assignable
addresses for the 6th
subnet?

54

8
___________________

Total number of host addresses

3
___________________

200.10.10.192 to 200.10.10.223
_______________________________________________

200.10.10.128
________________________

200.10.10.127
________________________

200.10.10.161 to 200.10.10.190
______________________________________

Show your work for Problem 14 in the space below.

Number of
256 128 64
Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 2 4 8
2 4 8
1282 644 328
200 . 10 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 02 4 8

200 . 10 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)

128
64
+32
224

0 0

1
1
1
1

1
1
0
0
1
1

16
16 8 4 2 - Hosts
16
16
16
16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values
16 32 64 128 256
32 16

0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1

200.10.10.0
200.10.10.32
200.10.10.64
200.10.10.96
200.10.10.128
200.10.10.160
200.10.10.192
200.10.10.224

to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to

200.10.10.31
200.10.10.63
200.10.10.95
200.10.10.127
200.10.10.159
200.10.10.191
200.10.10.223
200.10.10.255

32
-2
30

55

Subnetting
Problem 15
Network Address

93.0.0.0 \19

Address class

A
__________

Default subnet mask

255 . 0 . 0 . 0
_______________________________

Custom subnet mask

255 . 255 . 224 . 0

_______________________________

Total number of subnets

8,192
___________________

Number of usable addresses

8,190
___________________

Number of bits borrowed

What is the 15th

subnet range?
What is the subnet number
for the 9th subnet?
What is the subnet
broadcast address for
the 7th subnet?
What are the assignable
addresses for the 12th
subnet?

56

2,048
___________________

Total number of host addresses

11
___________________

93.1.192.0 to 93.1.223.255
_______________________________________________

93.1.0.0
________________________

93.0.223.255
________________________

93.1.96.1 to 93.1.127.254
______________________________________

Show your work for Problem 15 in the space below.

57

Practical Subnetting 1
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will
supply the minimum number of subnets
, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for
100% growth in both areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions
below.
IP Address 172.16.0.0
F0/0
Rout er A

S0/0/0 S0/0/1

F0/1
F0/0

Marketing
24 Hosts

Reasearch
60 Hosts

Address class
Custom subnet mask
Minimum number of subnets needed
Extra subnets required for 100% growth

Rout er B

Management
15 Hosts

B
_____________________________
255.255.224.0
_____________________________
4
_________

+ 4
_________

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed

Number of host addresses
in the largest subnet group
Number of addresses needed for
100% growth in the largest subnet

= 8
_________
60
_________

+ 60
_________

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet

= 120
_________

Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

IP address range for Research

_____________________________
172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255

IP address range for Marketing

_____________________________
172.16.32.0 to 172.63.255

IP address range for Management

IP address range for Router A
to Router B serial connection
58

_____________________________
172.16.64.0 to 172.95.255
_____________________________
172.16.96.0 to 172.127.255

Show your work for Practical Subnetting 1 in the space below.

59

Practical Subnetting 2
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will
supply the minimum number of hosts per subne
t, and allow enough extra subnets and
hosts for 30% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions
below.
IP Address 135.126.0.0
F0/0 S0/0/0
Rout er A

S0/0/1

S0/0/1

F0/0

Rout er B

S0/0/0
F0/1

Science Lab
10 Hosts

F0/1
Tech Ed Lab
20 Hosts

Ro ute r C

English Department
15 Hosts

Address class
Custom subnet mask
Minimum number of subnets needed
Extra subnets required for 30% growth

B
_____________________________
255.255.255.224
_____________________________
5
_________

+ 2
_________

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed

= 7
_________

Number of host addresses

in the largest subnet group

20
_________

Number of addresses needed for

30% growth in the largest subnet

+ 6
_________

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet

= 26
_________

Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

60

IP address range for Tech Ed

_____________________________
135.126.0.0 to 135.126.0.31

IP address range for English

_____________________________
135.126.0.32 to 135.126.0.63

IP address range for Science

_____________________________
135.126.0.64 to 135.126.0.95

IP address range for Router A

to Router B serial connection

135.126.0.96
_____________________________
to 135.126.0.127

IP address range for Router A

to Router B serial connection

135.126.0.128
_____________________________
to 135.126.0.159

Show your work for Problem 2 in the space below.

61

Practical Subnetting 3
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a classfull network addressing scheme
that will supply the minimum number of hosts per subne
t, and allow enough extra subnets
and hosts for 25% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the
questions below.
IP Address 172.16.0.0
F0/0
Administrative
30 Hosts

S0/0/1
F0/0
Rout er A

F0/1 S0/0/0

Rou ter B

Sales
185 Hosts

Marketing
50 Hosts

Address class
Custom subnet mask
Minimum number of subnets needed
Extra subnets required for 25% growth

B
_____________________________
255.255.255.0
_____________________________
4
_________

+ 1
_________

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed

= 5
_________

Number of host addresses

in the largest subnet group

185
_________

Number of addresses needed for

25% growth in the largest subnet

+ 47
_________

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet

= 232
_________

Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

IP address range for Sales

172.16.0.0 to 172.16.0.255
_____________________________

IP address range for Marketing

172.16.1.0 to 172.16.1.255
_____________________________

IP address range for Administrative

IP address range for Router A
to Router B serial connection
62

172.16.2.0 to 172.16.2.255
_____________________________
172.16.3.0 to 172.16.3.255
_____________________________

Show your work for Problem 3 in the space below.

63

Practical Subnetting 4
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will
supply the minimum number of subnets
, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for 70%
growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.
IP Address 135.126.0.0
F0/0 S0/0/0
S0/0/1

Rout er A

S0/0/1

F0/0

Rout er B

S0/0/0
F0/1

Dallas
150 Hosts

Rou ter C

Washington D.C.
220 Hosts

Address class
Custom subnet mask
Minimum number of subnets needed
Extra subnets required for 70% growth

F0/0
New York
325 Hosts

B
_____________________________
255.255.240.0
_____________________________
5
_________

+ 4
_________

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed

= 9
_________

Number of host addresses

in the largest subnet group

325
_________

Number of addresses needed for

70% growth in the largest subnet

+ 228
_________

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet

= 553
_________

Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

IP address range for New York

IP address range for Washington D. C.

64

135.126.0.0 to 135.126.15.255
_____________________________
135.126.16.0
to 135.126.31.255
_____________________________

IP address range for Dallas

135.126.32.0
to 135.126.47.255
_____________________________

IP address range for Router A

to Router B serial connection

135.126.48.0
to 135.126.63.255
_____________________________

IP address range for Router A

to Router C serial connection

135.126.64.0
to 135.126.79.255
_____________________________

Show your work for Problem 4 in the space below.

65

Practical Subnetting 5
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will
supply the minimum number of hosts per subnet
, and allow enough extra subnets and
hosts for 100% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the
questions below.
IP Address 210.15.10.0

F0/1
F0/0

Tech Ed Lab
18 Hosts

Science Room
10 Hosts

English classroom
15 Hosts

Address class
Custom subnet mask
Minimum number of subnets needed
Extra subnets required for 100% growth

Art Classroom
12 Hosts

C
_____________________________
255.255.255.192
_____________________________
2
_________

+ 2
_________

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed

Number of host addresses
in the largest subnet group
Number of addresses needed for
100% growth in the largest subnet

= 4
_________
30
_________

+ 30
_________

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet

= 60
_________

Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

IP address range for Router F0/0 Port

210.15.10.0 to 210.15.10.63
_____________________________

IP address range for Router F0/1 Port

210.15.10.64 to 210.15.10.127
_____________________________

66

Show your work for Problem 5 in the space below.

Number of
256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts
Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 2 4 8 16
2 4 8 16
128
16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values
2 64
4 32
8 16
. 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 20 40 8 16 32 64 128 256

210. 15
210. 15 . 10 . 0
210. 15 . 10 . 0
210. 15 . 10 . 0
210. 15 . 10 . 0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0 0
0(1)0
0(2)0
0(3)0
(4)

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
10

0
00
01
00

1 1

210.15.10.0
210.15.10.64
210.15.10.128
210.15.10.192

to
to
to
to

210.15.10.63
210.15.10.127
210.15.10.191
210.15.10.255

67

Practical Subnetting 6
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will
supply the minimum number of subnets
, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for 20%
growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.
IP Address 10.0.0.0

S0/0/0
Rout er A

F0/0

S0/0/1
S0/0/1

S0/0/0
S0/0/1

S0/0/0
Art & Drama
75 Hosts

Ro ute r C

F0/0

F0/1

Ro ute r B

F0/1
Administration
35 Hosts

Science Building
225 Hosts

Address class
Custom subnet mask
Minimum number of subnets needed
Extra subnets required for 20% growth

A
_____________________________
255.240.0.0
_____________________________
7
_________

+ 2
_________

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed

= 9
_________

Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

68

IP address range for Technology

10.0.0.0 to 10.15.255.255
_____________________________

IP address range for Science

10.16.0.0 to 10.31.255.255
_____________________________

IP address range for Arts & Drama

10.32.0.0 to 10.47.255.255
_____________________________

IP Address range Administration

10.48.0.0 to 10.63.255.255
_____________________________

IP address range for Router A

to Router B serial connection

10.64.0.0 to 10.79.255.255
_____________________________

IP address range for Router A

to Router C serial connection

10.80.0.0 to 10.95.255.255
_____________________________

IP address range for Router B

to Router C serial connection

10.96.0.0 to 10.111.255.255
_____________________________

Technology
Building
320 Hosts

Show your work for Problem 6 in the space below.

69

Practical Subnetting 7
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will
supply the minimum number of hosts per subne
t, and allow enough extra subnets and
hosts for 125% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the
questions below.
IP Address 177.135.0.0
S0/0/0
Rout er A
S0/0/0
F0/0
Rout er B
F0/0
F0/1

Marketing
75 Hosts

Administration
33 Hosts Sales
255 Hosts

Address class
Custom subnet mask
Minimum number of subnets needed
Extra subnets required for 125% growth

Research
135 Hosts

B
_____________________________
255.255.252.0
_____________________________
4
_________

+ 5
_________

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed

Number of host addresses
in the largest subnet group
Number of addresses needed for
125% growth in the largest subnet

= 9
_________
363
_________

+ 454
_________

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet

= 817
_________

Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

IP address range for Router A Port F0/0

IP address range for Research
IP address range for Deployment
IP address range for Router A
to Router B serial connection

70

177.135.0.0 to 177.135.3.255
_____________________________
177.135.4.0 to 177.135.7.255
_____________________________
177.135.8.0 to 177.135.11.255
_____________________________
177.135.12.0
to 177.135.15.255
_____________________________

Deployment
63 Hosts

Show your work for Problem 7 in the space below.

71

Practical Subnetting 8
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will
supply the minimum number subnets
, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for 85%
growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.
IP Address 192.168.1.0
F0/0 S0/0/0

F0/1

S0/0/1

Rout er A

F0/0

Rout er B

New York
8 Hosts
Boston
5 Hosts Research & Development
8 Hosts

Address class
Custom subnet mask
Minimum number of subnets needed
Extra subnets required for 85% growth

C
_____________________________
255.255.255.224
_____________________________
3
_________

+ 3
_________

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed

= 6
_________

Number of host addresses

in the largest subnet group

13
_________

Number of addresses needed for

85% growth in the largest subnet

+ 12
_________

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet

= 25
_________

Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

IP address range for Router A F0/0

72

192.168.1.0 to 192.168.1.31
_____________________________

IP address range for New York

192.168.1.32 to 192.168.1.63
_____________________________

IP address range for Router A

to Router B serial connection

192.168.1.64 to 192.168.1.95
_____________________________

Show your work for Problem 8 in the space below.

Number of
256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts
Number of
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 2 4 8 16
2 4 8 16
128
16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values
2 64
4 32
8 16
2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

192. 168 . 1 . 0
192. 168 . 1 . 0
192. 168 . 1 . 0
192. 168 . 1 . 0
192. 168 . 1 . 0

0
0
0
0
0

0 0 0
0 0 0
0(1)
0 0
0(2)
0 0
0(3)
0 0
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
1
01 0
1 1
100
1 01
11 0
1 1 1

192.168.1.0
192.168.1.32
192.168.1.64
192.168.1.96
192.168.1.128
192.168.1.160
192.168.1.192
192.168.1.224

to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to

192.168.1.31
192.168.1.63
192.168.1.95
192.168.1.127
192.168.1.159
192.168.1.1191
192.168.1.223
192.168.1.255

73

Practical Subnetting 9
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will
supply the minimum number of hosts per subne
t, and allow enough extra subnets and
hosts for 15% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions
below.
IP Address 148.55.0.0
S0/0/0
S0/0/1

Rout er A

S0/0/1

F0/0
S0/0/0

Dallas
1500 Hosts
Ro ute r C

F0/0
R out er D

Ft. Worth
2300 Hosts

F0/1
Rout er B

S0/0/0 S0/0/1

Address class
Custom subnet mask

Minimum number of subnets needed

Extra subnets required for 15% growth

B
_____________________________
255.255.240.0
_____________________________
5
_________

+ 1
_________

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed

= 6
_________

Number of host addresses

in the largest subnet group

2300
_________

Number of addresses needed for

15% growth in the largest subnet

+ 345
_________

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet

=2645
_________

Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

74

IP address range for Ft. Worth

148.55.0.0. to 148.55.15.255
_____________________________

IP address range for Dallas

148.55.16.0. to 148.55.31.255
_____________________________

IP address range for Router A

to Router B serial connection

148.55.32.0. to 148.55.47.255
_____________________________

IP address range for Router A

to Router C serial connection

148.55.48.0. to 148.55.63.255
_____________________________

IP address range for Router C

to Router D serial connection

148.55.64.0. to 148.55.79.255
_____________________________

Show your work for Problem 9 in the space below.

75

Practical Subnetting 10
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that will
supply the minimum number of subnets
, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for
110% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.
IP Address 172.16.0.0
Marketing
56 Hosts

Sales
115 Hosts
F0/0 S0/0/0

Ro ute r A

F0/0
S0/0/1
Ro ute r B

Address class
Custom subnet mask
Minimum number of subnets needed
Extra subnets required for 110% growth

F0/1

Research
35 Hosts

Management
25 Hosts

B
_____________________________
255.255.255.240
_____________________________
4
_________

+ 5
_________

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed

Number of host addresses
in the largest subnet group
Number of addresses needed for
110% growth in the largest subnet

= 9
_________
140
_________

+ 154
_________

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet

= 294
_________

Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the smallest.

IP address range for Sales/Managemnt

172.16.16.0 to 172.16.31.255
_____________________________

IP address range for Research

172.16.32.0 to 172.16.47.255
_____________________________

IP address range for Router A

to Router B serial connection
76

172.16.0.0 to 172.16.15.255
_____________________________

IP address range for Marketing

172.16.48.0 to 172.16.63.255
_____________________________

Show your work for Problem 10 in the space below.

77

Valid and Non-Valid IP Addresses

Using the material in this workbook identify which of the addresses below are correct and
usable. If they are not usable addresses explain why.

IP Address: 0.230.190.192 ________________________________

The network ID cannot be 0.
Subnet Mask: 255.0.0.0 ________________________________
Reference Page Inside Front Cover

IP Address: 192.10.10.1 ________________________________

OK
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0 ________________________________
Reference Pages 28-29

IP Address: 245.150.190.10 ________________________________

245 is reserved for
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0 ________________________________
experimental use.
Reference Page Inside Front Cover

IP Address: 135.70.191.255 ________________________________

This is the broadcast address
Subnet Mask: 255.255.254.0 ________________________________
for this range.
Reference Pages 48-49

IP Address: 127.100.100.10 ________________________________

127 is reserved for loopback
Subnet Mask: 255.0.0.0 ________________________________
testing.
Reference Pages Inside Front Cover

IP Address: 93.0.128.1 ________________________________

OK
Subnet Mask: 255.255.224.0 ________________________________
Reference Pages 56-57

IP Address: 200.10.10.128 ________________________________

This is the subnet address for the
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.224 ________________________________
3rd usable range of 200.10.10.0
Reference Pages 54-55

IP Address: 165.100.255.189 ________________________________

OK
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.192 ________________________________
Reference Pages 30-31

IP Address: 190.35.0.10 ________________________________

This address is taken from the first
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.192 ________________________________
range for this subnet which is invalid.
Reference Pages 34-35

IP Address: 218.35.50.195 ________________________________

This has a class B subnet
Subnet Mask: 255.255.0.0 ________________________________
mask.
Reference Page Inside Front Cover

IP Address: 200.10.10.175 /22 ________________________________

A class C address must use a
________________________________
minimum of 24 bits.

Reference Pages 54-55 and/or Inside Front Cover

IP Address: 135.70.255.255 ________________________________

This is a broadcast address.
Subnet Mask: 255.255.224.0 ________________________________
Reference Pages 48-49

78

IP Address Breakdown
/24

/25

/26

/27

/28

/29

/30

8+8+8
255.255.255.0

8+8+8+1
255.255.255.128

8+8+8+2
255.255.255.192

8+8+8+3
255.255.255.224

8+8+8+4
255.255.255.240

8+8+8+5
255.255.255.248

8+8+8+6
255.255.255.252

256 Hosts

128 Hosts

64 Hosts

32 Hosts

16 Hosts

8 Hosts
0-7

0-15
8-15
16-23
16-31

4 Hosts
0-3
4-7
8-11
12-15
16-19
20-23

24-31

24-27
28-31

32-39

32-35
36-39

0-63
32-47
40-47
48-55
48-63
56-63
0-127

40-43
44-47
48-51
52-55
56-59
60-63

64-71

64-67
68-71

72-79

72-75
76-79

64-79

80-87
80-95
88-95
64-127
96-103
96-111
104-111
112-119
112-127
120-127
0-255
128-135
128-143
136-143

80-83
84-87
88-91
92-95
96-99
100-103
104-107
108-111
112-115
116-119
120-123
124-127
128-131
132-135
136-139
140-143

144-151

144-147
148-151

152-159

152-155
156-159

144-159
128-191
16-167
160-175
168-175
176-183
176-191

160-163
164-167
168-171
172-175
176-179
180-183

184-191

184-187
188-191

192-199

192-195
196-199

128-255
192-207
200-207
208-215
208-223
216-223
192-255

200-203
204-207
208-211
212-215
216-219
220-223

224-231

224-227
228-231

232-239

232-235
236-239

224-239

240-247
240-255
248-255

240-243
244-247
248-251
252-255

79

Visualizing Subnets Using

The Box Method
The box method is the simplest way to visualize the breakdown of
subnets and addresses into smaller sizes.
Start with a square. The whole square
is a single subnet comprised of 256
addresses.

/24
255.255.255.0
256 Hosts
1 Subnet
Split the box in half and you get two
subnets with 128 addresses,

/25
255.255.255.128
128 Hosts
2 Subnets

Divide the box into quarters and you

get four subnets with 64 addresses,

/26
255.255.255.192
64 Hosts
4 Subnets
80

Split each individual square and you

get eight subnets with 32 addresses,

/27
255.255.255.224
32 Hosts
8 Subnets
Split the boxes in half again and you
get sixteen subnets with sixteen
addresses,

/28
255.255.255.240
16 Hosts
16 Subnets
The next split gives you thirty two
subnets with eight addresses,

/29
255.255.255.248
8 Hosts
32 Subnets
The last split gives sixty four subnets
with four addresses each,

/30
255.255.255.252
4 Hosts
64 Subnets
81

Class A Addressing Guide

# of Bits

Subnet

Total # of

Total # of

Usable # of

CIDR
Borrowed
Mask
Subnets
Hosts
Hosts
______________________________________________________________________________________________
/8
0
255.0.0.0
1
16,777,216
16,777,214
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
/9
1
255.128.0.0
2
8,388,608
8,388,606
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
/10
2
255.192.0.0
4
4,194,304
4,194,302
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
/11
3
255.224.0.0
8
2,097,152
2,097,150
______________________________________________________________________________________________
/12
4
255.240.0.0
16
1,048,576
1,048,574
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
/13
5
255.248.0.0
32
524,288
524,286
________________________________________________________________________________________________
/14
6
255.252.0.0
64
262,144
262,142
______________________________________________________________________________________________
/15
7
255.254.0.0
128
131,072
131,070
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
/16
8
255.255.0.0
256
65,536
65,534
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
/17
9
255.255.128.0
512
32,768
32,766
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
/18
10
255.255.192.0
1,024
16,384
16,382
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
/19
11
255.255.224.0
2,048
8,192
8,190
______________________________________________________________________________________________
/20
12
255.255.240.0
4,096
4,096
4,094
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
/21
13
255.255.248.0
8,192
2,048
2,046
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
/22
14
255.255.252.0
16,384
1,024
1,022
________________________________________________________________________________________________
/23
15
255.255.254.0
32,768
512
510
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
/24
16
255.255.255.0
65,536
256
254
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
/25
17
255.255.255.128
131,072
128
126
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
/26
18
255.255.255.192
262,144
64
62
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
/27
19
255.255.255.224
524,288
32
30
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
/28
20
255.255.255.240
1,048,576
16
14
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
/29
21
255.255.255.248
2,097,152
8
6
________________________________________________________________________________________________
/30
22
255.255.255.252
4,194,304
4
2

Class B Addressing Guide

# of Bits

Subnet

Total # of

Total # of

Usable # of

CIDR
Borrowed
Mask
Subnets
Hosts
Hosts
______________________________________________________________________________________________
/16
0
255.255.0.0
1
65,536
65,534
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
/17
1
255.255.128.0
2
32,768
32,766
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
/18
2
255.255.192.0
4
16,384
16,382
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
/19
3
255.255.224.0
8
8,192
8,190
______________________________________________________________________________________________
/20
4
255.255.240.0
16
4,096
4,094
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
/21
5
255.255.248.0
32
2,048
2,046
________________________________________________________________________________________________
/22
6
255.255.252.0
64
1,024
1,022
______________________________________________________________________________________________
/23
7
255.255.254.0
128
512
510
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
/24
8
255.255.255.0
256
256
254
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
/25
9
255.255.255.128
512
128
_______________________________________________________________________________________________ 126
/26
10
255.255.255.192
1,024
64
62
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
/27
11
255.255.255.224
2,048
32
30
______________________________________________________________________________________________
/28
12
255.255.255.240
4,096
16
14
______________________________________________________________________________________________
/29
13
255.255.255.248
8,192
8
6
________________________________________________________________________________________________
/30
255.255.255.252
4
14
16,384
2

Class C Addressing Guide

# of Bits

Subnet

Total # of

Total # of

Usable # of

CIDR
Borrowed
Mask
Subnets
Hosts
Hosts
______________________________________________________________________________________________
/24
0
255.255.255.0
1
256
254
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
/25
1
255.255.255.128
2
128
126
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
/26
2
255.255.255.192
4
64
62
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
/27
3
255.255.255.224
8
32
30
______________________________________________________________________________________________
/28
4
255.255.255.240
16
16
14
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
/29
5
255.255.255.248
32
8
6
________________________________________________________________________________________________
/30
255.255.255.252
4
2
6
64
82

Inside Cover