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Report On Welding

This document describes the process of shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) to join two metal plates. SMAW uses an electric current to create an arc between a consumable electrode rod and the base material, which is protected from oxidation by flux. The procedure involves placing the metal plates in butt position, wearing protective equipment, striking an arc to weld the plates together in both directions, cleaning the weld, and returning tools. Good welding is shown to join the plates strongly while failed welding separates easily. Sources of error include uneven heating and cooling during the welding process which can cause distortion. Proper technique like angle, concentration and electrode movement are needed for quality results.

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Anwar Hossain
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79 views4 pages

Report On Welding

This document describes the process of shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) to join two metal plates. SMAW uses an electric current to create an arc between a consumable electrode rod and the base material, which is protected from oxidation by flux. The procedure involves placing the metal plates in butt position, wearing protective equipment, striking an arc to weld the plates together in both directions, cleaning the weld, and returning tools. Good welding is shown to join the plates strongly while failed welding separates easily. Sources of error include uneven heating and cooling during the welding process which can cause distortion. Proper technique like angle, concentration and electrode movement are needed for quality results.

Uploaded by

Anwar Hossain
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TITLE OBJECTIVE

: Welding Operation : To demonstrate welding process to join two pieces

INTRODUCTION : Welding is a fabrication process that joints two or more materials together, usually metals or thermoplastics. This is often done by melting the works pieces and adding a filter material to form a pool of molten material that cools to become a strong joint. Many different energy sources can be used for welding, including a gas frame, an electric arc, a lase, an electron beam, friction, ultrasound. Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) is one of the most common types of arc welding as shown in Figure B. Its electric current is used to strike an arc between the base material and consumable electrode rod, which is made of steel and covered with flux that protects the weld area form oxidation and contamination by producing CO2 gas during the welding processes.

Figure A: Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) TOOLS REQUIRED : Welding Machine : i. Welding Finishing

OPERATION REQUIRED ii.

APPARATUS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

: Gloves Two 4inch(10cm) Metal plates Electrodes Electrode holder Head Shield

EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE : 1. Gloves and screen are worn. 2. Both of the metal plates are made same parallel to get proper butt position. Place some metal holders on the base of two metals , so it wont move while welding. 3. Long sleeve jackets and gloves are worn. Welding helmets are prepared with dark face plates and make sure its plastic screen is clear to see through. 4. First warm the electrode by sliding on to any metal sheet, if the electrode is hot enough then continue to welding. 5. Welding is started gently in the directional fashion from one end. Then, Weld on another side reversely. 6. Chipped out the oxidized layer and cleaned with a wire brush after completing the weld. 7. Tools are returned and machine is cleaned after operation.

RESULT & DISCUSSION

Figure C: Good welding

Figure D: Failed Welding SAFETY AND HEALTH : 1) Wear safety equipment such as head shield, gloves and apron before start welding. 2) Do not watch the ultraviolet rays spatters when welding using eye without a head shield. 3) Carry at a comfortable area and where the welding will be done away from the flammable materials. 4) Do not disturb other students that are still working. 5) After finish work, use a wet towel to cover eyes.

CONCLUSION

In this welding operation results, we do a comparison with the good welding and failed welding. So that, we can find out any discrepancy and sources of error of the experiment. Discrepancy: 1. Figure B has a good weld on a metal plate and keeps it joined strong and Figure C has bad weld on a metal plates it would be separated quickly with a very less force . Sources of error: 1. Most of the welding processes involve heat. High temperature heat is largely responsible for welding distortion and stresses. 2. When metal is heated it expands, and it expands in all directions. 3. Welding-distortion or deformation or warping of weldmends during welding is a natural outcome of intrinsic non-uniform heating and cooling of the joint. 4. Distortion is the result of the action of internal stresses which are produced while welding, and remain in the part after heating is removed, as briefly explained in the following. At the end of this experiment, there are problem occurs on the welding process. To get a best result of this welding process, student must know the angle that are used, concentration, and the movement of the electrode and speed of moving the electrode.

REFERENCES i. ii.
iii.

Larry Jeffus 1983, Welding Principles and Application, 5th Edition, Thomson Learning, Inc, USA. B. H. Amstead, Philip F. Ostwald, Myron Louis Begeman 1987, Manufacturing Processes, 8th Edition, John Wiley & Sons Inc, USA.
http://www1.gantep.edu.tr/~oyilmaz/Lecture%20Notes/ME%20473/Design %20of%20Weld%20Joints%20and%20Welding%20Errors.pdf

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