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ITC Lecture 1

This document provides an introduction and overview of computers and computing. It defines a computer as an electronic device that can accept data as input, process that data according to programmed instructions, produce output, and store results. The document outlines the basic components of a computer including the system unit, input/output devices, storage, and how they work together. It also describes the basic functions of a computer in processing data through input, processing, output, and storage cycles. Finally, it provides an overview of computer software including operating systems, applications, and utilities.

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149 views

ITC Lecture 1

This document provides an introduction and overview of computers and computing. It defines a computer as an electronic device that can accept data as input, process that data according to programmed instructions, produce output, and store results. The document outlines the basic components of a computer including the system unit, input/output devices, storage, and how they work together. It also describes the basic functions of a computer in processing data through input, processing, output, and storage cycles. Finally, it provides an overview of computer software including operating systems, applications, and utilities.

Uploaded by

hamzahanif91
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Discovering Computers Introduction to Computing

INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS

Course Outline & Objectives


Computer Literacy Integration Literacy Information Literacy Computer Organization Introduction to Hardware Introduction to Software Introduction to processing

Computers are present in every aspect of daily living in the workplace, at home, in the classroom, and for entertainment

WHAT IS A COMPUTER AND WHAT DOES IT DO?


An electronic machine that can accept data (input), manipulate the data according to specified rules (process), produce results (output), and store the results for future use
An extremely fast electronic device operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory which processes data into useful information.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C omputer

WHAT DOES IT DO?


Input
Accepts data / input
Raw facts, figures, and symbols

Processing
Processes data into information
Data that is organized, meaningful, and useful

Output
Information produced and stores results

Processing data into information

THE COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER


Variety of hardware components that work together with software to carry perform calculations, organize data, and communicate with other computers

THE COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER


Input devices Output devices System unit Storage devices Communications devices

Both Sides of the System Unit

power supply

drive bays

processor

memory ports

sound card

network card

modem card

video card

FEW DEFINITIONS
Hardware the physical equipment that makes up the computer Software a series of instructions that tells the hardware how to perform tasks Storage holding data and information for future use Information processing cycle the cycle of input, process, output, and storage User a person who communicates with the computer

COMPUTER SOFTWARE
Computer programs
A series of instructions that tells the hardware of a computer what to do and how to do it Stored on various storage media Installing programs Running programs

COMPUTER SOFTWARE
System software Application software Utility programs

COMPUTER SOFTWARE
System software
Operating system
Microsoft Windows Mac OS

COMPUTER SOFTWARE
System software
User interface
Graphical user interface (GUI)
Microsoft Windows Mac OS

COMPUTER SOFTWARE
Application software
Software suites
Word Processing Spreadsheet Database Presentation graphics Communication

AppleWorks is a popular suite used by teachers and students primarily on Macintosh computers

COMPUTER SOFTWARE
Application software
Packaged software Development softwares

Packaged software is available at computer stores, office equipment suppliers, retailers, and the Internet

COMPUTER SOFTWARE
Application software
Custom software Shareware, freeware, and public domain software Software development
Computer Programmers Systems Analyst

COMPUTER SOFTWARE
Utilities
help analyze Configure optimize and maintain the computer.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utility_software

WHY IS A COMPUTER SO POWERFUL?


Speed Reliability Accuracy Storage Communications
Network Electronic mail

WHY USE COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION?


Technology is everywhere Technology can support learning Computers support communications beyond classroom walls Support of national and international organizations

Elements of an Information System


People Procedures Data Software Hardware

Step 1.
People develop procedures for processing data

Step 2.
People use software to enter data into computer (hardware)

Step 3.
Software processes data and directs hardware to store and or output information

Computer Applications in Society


examples of computer applications in society?

Education Finance Government Healthcare Science Publishing Industry

Advantages & Disadvantages of Computers What are the disadvantages of using computers?
Violation of Privacy Impact on Labor Force

Health Risks

Impact on Environment

p. 10 - 11

Next

CHAPTER SUMMARY
Explain the difference between computer and information Define and describe computers and their functions Identify the major components of a computer Explain the four operations of the information processing cycle: input, process, output, and storage

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