Discovering Computers 2011

Living in a Digital World

ObjectivesOverview

Discusstheevolutionofthe Internet

Identifyandbrieflydescribe various i broadband b db dI Internet t t connectionsandstate differencesbetweenbroadband Internetconnectionsanddial upconnections

DescribethetypesofInternet accessproviders

DescribethepurposeofanIP addressanditsrelationshiptoa domainname

ExplainthepurposeofaWeb browserandidentifythe componentsofaWebaddress

Describehowtouseasearch enginetosearchfor informationontheWeband differentiatebetweenasearch engineandasubjectdirectory

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ObjectivesOverview

DescribethetypesofWeb sites

ExplainhowWebpagesuse graphics,animation,audio, video,virtualreality,and plug p gins

Identifyandbrieflydescribe thestepsrequiredforWeb publishing

Describethetypesofe commerce

Explainhowemail,mailing lists,instantmessaging, chatrooms,VoIP, newsgroupsandmessage boards,andFTPwork

Identifytherulesof netiquette

SeePage73 forDetailedObjectives

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TheInternet
TheInternet isaworldwidecollectionofnetworks government thatlinksmillionsofbusinesses,g agencies,educationalinstitutions,andindividuals

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EvolutionoftheInternet
TheInternetoriginatedasARPANETinSeptember g 1969andhadtwomaingoals:
Allowscientistsat differentphysical locationstoshare informationandwork together Functionevenifpartof thenetworkwere disabledordestroyed y byadisaster

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EvolutionoftheInternet
1969 ARPANET becomes functional 1986 NSF connects NSFnet to ARPANETand becomes knownasthe Internet

1996 Internet2is founded

1984 ARPANEThas morethan 1,000 individual computers linkedas hosts

1995 NSFNet terminates itsnetwork onthe Internetand resumes statusas research network
DiscoveringComputers2011:LivinginaDigitalWorld Chapter2

Today More than550 millionhosts connectto theInternet

EvolutionoftheInternet
Eachorganizationisresponsibleonlyfor gitsownnetwork maintaining
TheWorldWideWebConsortium(W3C)oversees researchandsetsguidelinesandstandards

Internet2connectsmorethan200universities and d115companies i via i ahigh hi hspeed dprivate i network

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EvolutionoftheInternet
Manyhomeandsmallbusinessusersconnectto g speed p broadbandInternet theInternetviahigh service
Fiberto the Premises ( ) (FTTP)

C bl Cable Internet service

DSL

Fixed wireless

C ll l Cellular Radio Network

WiFi

S t llit Satellite Internet Service

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EvolutionoftheInternet
Anaccessprovider isabusinessthatprovidesindividuals andorganizationsaccesstotheInternetfreeorforafee

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EvolutionoftheInternet
ISP (Internet service provider)
RegionalISPsprovide Internetaccesstoa specific f geographical h l area NationalISPsprovide Internetaccessin citiesandtowns nationwide
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, navigation then click Wireless Modems below Chapter 2

Onlineservice provider(OSP)
Hasmanymembers only l f features

WirelessInternet serviceprovider (WISP)

PopularOSPsinclude AOL(AmericaOnline) andMSN(Microsoft Network)

Mayrequirea wirelessmodem

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EvolutionoftheInternet

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EvolutionoftheInternet
AnIPaddress isanumberthatuniquelyidentifieseach computerordeviceconnectedtotheInternet Adomainname isthetextversionofanIPaddress
Topleveldomain(TLD)

ADNSserver translatesthedomainnameintoits associatedIPaddress

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EvolutionoftheInternet

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TheWorldWideWeb
The h World ldWide id Web b,orWeb b,consists i of fa worldwidecollectionofelectronicdocuments (Webpages) AWebsite isacollectionofrelatedWebp pages g andassociateditems AWebserver isacomputerthatdelivers requestedWebpagestoyourcomputer Web W b2.0 2 0 refers f t toW Web bsites it that th tprovide id ameans foruserstointeract
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TheWorldWideWeb
AWebbrowser,orbrowser,allowsusersto pages g andWeb2.0p programs g accessWebp

Internet Explorer Safari

Firefox

Opera

Google Chrome
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TheWorldWideWeb

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TheWorldWideWeb
Ahomepageisthefirst pagethataWebsite displays Webpagesprovidelinks to otherrelatedWebpages
SurfingtheWeb

SomeWebpagesare designedspecificallyfor microbrowsers

Downloading isthe processofreceiving information

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TheWorldWideWeb
AWebpagehasauniqueaddresscalledaURL or Webaddress

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TheWorldWideWeb
Tabbedbrowsing allowsyoutoopenandviewmultiple WebpagesinasingleWebbrowserwindow

Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, navigation then click Tabbed Browsing below Chapter 2

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TheWorldWideWeb
Twotypesofsearchtoolsaresearchenginesand j directories subject

Search engine
Findsinformation relatedtoa specifictopic
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Subject j directory
ClassifiesWeb pagesinan organizedsetof categories
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TheWorldWideWeb

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TheWorldWideWeb
Asearchengineishelpfulinlocatingitemssuch as: Images Videos Audio News

Maps

Peopleor Businesses

Blogs

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TheWorldWideWeb

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TheWorldWideWeb
SomeWebbrowserscontainanInstantSearch p ofdisplaying p y gthesearch boxtoeliminatethesteps enginesWebpagepriortoenteringthesearch text

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TheWorldWideWeb
Searchoperatorscanhelptorefineyoursearch

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TheWorldWideWeb
TherearethirteentypesofWebsites

Portal

News

Informational

Business/Marketing

Bl Blog
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Wiki

Online O li S Social i l Network

Ed ti Educational l
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TheWorldWideWeb

Entertainment

Advocacy

Web Application

Content A Aggregator t
Pages91 92 Figure215

Personal
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Video:TellYourStoriesviaVlog

CLICKTOSTART
DiscoveringComputers2011:LivinginaDigitalWorld Chapter2 28

TheWorldWideWeb
Informationpresented ontheWebmustbe evaluatedforaccuracy Nooneoverseesthe contentofWebpages

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TheWorldWideWeb
Multimedia referstoanyapplicationthat combinestextwith:

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TheWorldWideWeb
Agraphic isadigital representationof nontext information Graphicformatsinclude BMP,GIF,JPEG,PNG, andTIFF

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TheWorldWideWeb
Athumbnailisasmall versionofalarger graphic

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TheWorldWideWeb
Animation istheappearanceofmotioncreated ydisplaying p y gaseriesofstillimages g insequence q by

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TheWorldWideWeb
Audio includesmusic,speech,oranyothersound
Compressedtoreducefilesize

Youlistentoaudioonyourcomputerusingaplayer Streaming istheprocessoftransferringdataina continuousandevenflow

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TheWorldWideWeb

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TheWorldWideWeb
Video consistsoffullmotionimagesthatare played p y backatvariousspeeds p

Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, navigation then click YouTube below Chapter 2

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TheWorldWideWeb
Virtualreality (VR)istheuseofcomputersto g environmentthat simulatearealorimagined appearsasathreedimensionalspace

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TheWorldWideWeb
Aplugin isaprogramthatextendsthecapability ofaWebbrowser

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TheWorldWideWeb
Webpublishing isthedevelopmentand p g maintenanceofWebpages
Analyze and designa Website

Plana Web bsite

Createa Web bsite

Deploya Web bsite

Maintain aWeb site

Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, navigation then click Web Page Authoring Software below Chapter 2

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ECommerce
Ecommerce isabusinesstransactionthatoccurs overanelectronicnetwork
Mcommerce identifiesecommercethattakesplace usingmobiledevices

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ECommerce
Business to consumer (B2C)

Ecommerce
Business t to business (B2B) Consumer t to consumer (C2C)

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ECommerce

Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, navigation then click Google Checkout Software below Chapter 2

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OtherInternetServices
Email isthe transmissionof messagesandfilesviaa computernetwork Anemailprogram allowsyoutocreate, send,receive,forward, store,print,anddelete emailmessages
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OtherInternetServices

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OtherInternetServices
Amailinglist isagroupofemailnamesandaddresses givenasinglename
Subscribing addsyouremailnameandaddress Unsubscribing removesyourname

Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, navigation then click E-Mail below Chapter 2

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OtherInternetServices
Instantmessaging(IM)isarealtime Internet communicationsservice

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OtherInternetServices
Achat isarealtime typedconversationthat takesplaceona computer Achatroom isa locationonanInternet serverthatpermits userstochatwitheach other
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, navigation then click Chat Rooms below Chapter 2

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OtherInternetServices
VoIP (VoiceoverIP) enablesuserstospeak tootherusersoverthe Internet
AlsocalledInternet telephony

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OtherInternetServices
Anewsgroup isan onlineareainwhich usershavewritten discussionsabouta particularsubject
Typicallyrequiresa newsreader

Amessageboard isa Webbasedtypeof discussiongroup

OtherInternetServices
FTP (FileTransferProtocol)isanInternetstandard permitsfileuploading p g anddownloading gwith thatp othercomputersontheInternet ManyoperatingsystemsincludeFTPcapabilities AnFTPserverisacomputerthatallowsusersto uploadand/ordownloadfilesusingFTP
Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, navigation then click FTP below Chapter 2

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Netiquette
Netiquette isthecodeofacceptableInternet behavior

Click to view Web Link, click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, navigation then click Cyberbullying below Chapter 2

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Summary

Historyandstructureof theInternet

WorldWideWeb

Browsing,navigating Browsing navigating, searching,Web publishing,and ecommerce

OtherInternetservices services: email,instant messaging,chatrooms, VoIP newsgroupsand VoIP, messageboards,andFTP

Rulesofnetiquette

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Discovering Computers 2011

Chapter2Complete