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CSS Horizontal Align

The document discusses different methods for horizontally aligning block elements in CSS, including: 1. Centering elements using the margin property by setting left and right margins to auto. 2. Left and right aligning using absolute positioning and setting the element's position property. 3. Left and right aligning using the float property. The document also notes some cross-browser compatibility issues and ways to avoid problems in older browsers, such as setting doctypes and default body margins and padding.

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Ankit Saha
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26 views

CSS Horizontal Align

The document discusses different methods for horizontally aligning block elements in CSS, including: 1. Centering elements using the margin property by setting left and right margins to auto. 2. Left and right aligning using absolute positioning and setting the element's position property. 3. Left and right aligning using the float property. The document also notes some cross-browser compatibility issues and ways to avoid problems in older browsers, such as setting doctypes and default body margins and padding.

Uploaded by

Ankit Saha
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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8/4/13

CSS Horizontal Align

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CSS Horizontal Align


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In CSS, several properties are used to align elements horizontally. Aligning Block Elements
A block element is an element that takes up the full width available, and has a line break before and after it. Examples of block elements: <h1> <p> <div> For aligning text, see the CSS Text chapter. In this chapter we will show you how to horizontally align block elements for layout purposes.

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Center Aligning Using the margin Property


Block elements can be aligned by setting the left and right margins to "auto". Note: Using margin:auto will not work in IE8 and earlier, unless a !DOCTYPE is declared. Setting the left and right margins to auto specifies that they should split the available margin equally. The result is a centered element:

Example
. c e n t e r { m a r g i n l e f t : a u t o ; m a r g i n r i g h t : a u t o ; w i d t h : 7 0 % ; b a c k g r o u n d c o l o r : # b 0 e 0 e 6 ; }
Try it yourself Tip: Aligning has no effect if the width is 100%.

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Note: In IE5 there is a margin handling bug for block elements. To make the example above work in IE5, add some extra code. Try it yourself

Left and Right Aligning Using the position Property


One method of aligning elements is to use absolute positioning:

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Example
. r i g h t { p o s i t i o n : a b s o l u t e ; r i g h t : 0 p x ; w i d t h : 3 0 0 p x ; b a c k g r o u n d c o l o r : # b 0 e 0 e 6 ; }
Try it yourself Note: Absolute positioned elements are removed from the normal flow, and can overlap elements.

Crossbrowser Compatibility Issues


When aligning elements like this, it is always a good idea to predefine margin and padding for the <body> element. This is to avoid visual differences in different browsers. There is a problem with IE8 and earlier, when using the position property. If a container element (in our case <div class="container">) has a specified width, and the !DOCTYPE declaration is missing, IE8 and earlier versions will add a 17px margin on the right side. This seems to be space reserved for a scrollbar. Always set the !DOCTYPE declaration when using the position property:

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Example

CSS Horizontal Align

b o d y { m a r g i n : 0 ; p a d d i n g : 0 ; } . c o n t a i n e r { p o s i t i o n : r e l a t i v e ; w i d t h : 1 0 0 % ; } . r i g h t { p o s i t i o n : a b s o l u t e ; r i g h t : 0 p x ; w i d t h : 3 0 0 p x ; b a c k g r o u n d c o l o r : # b 0 e 0 e 6 ; }
Try it yourself

Left and Right Aligning Using the float Property


One method of aligning elements is to use the float property:

Example
. r i g h t { f l o a t : r i g h t ; w i d t h : 3 0 0 p x ; b a c k g r o u n d c o l o r : # b 0 e 0 e 6 ; }
Try it yourself

Crossbrowser Compatibility Issues


When aligning elements like this, it is always a good idea to predefine margin and padding for the <body> element. This is to avoid visual differences in different browsers. There is a problem with IE8 and earlier when using the float property. If the !DOCTYPE declaration is missing, IE8 and earlier versions will add a 17px margin on the right side. This seems to be space reserved for a scrollbar. Always set the !DOCTYPE declaration when using the float property:

Example
b o d y { m a r g i n : 0 ; p a d d i n g : 0 ; } . r i g h t { f l o a t : r i g h t ; w i d t h : 3 0 0 p x ; b a c k g r o u n d c o l o r : # b 0 e 0 e 6 ; }
Try it yourself

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