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milthu;. Ms@ moika[ld@ g[fH@r;rp aha@
tps'@Fthu;. Vf fhyj;jpy@ gy bjhHpy@ my@yJ
gy tpahghuk@ bra;thu;.
g[jd@ yf;dj;jpw;F gd;dp buz@lhtJ
,y;yj;jpy@ ,Ue;jhy@ - ,tu; ngr;rpy@ Fj;jy@
,Uf;Fk@. mwp tw;wtu;/ Tl;l'@fspy@ ,tu; xU
m'@ fj;jpdu;. ,tiu vspjpy@ trpag;gLj;j KoahJ.
kiwKf tpnuhjp cz@L. g[j;jpu re;jjp Fiwt[.
jha;f;Fr; rpW tajpy@ fz@lk@ cz@L.
nrhk;gYf;F ,lk; bfhLg;ghu;. fy@tpapy@ jil
Vw@ gLk@. ,g;g[jDld@ Nupad@ ,ize;
jpUe;jhy@ gl;lg;gog;g[ Vw@gLk;. ,g; g[jd@
Nupad@ ,izg;g[ld@ Rf;fpud@ ,ize;jhy@
,ilapy@ fy;tp jilg; gl;L kPz;Lk@ bjhlUk@. FU
ghu;it Vw;god@ gl;lg;gog@g[ epu;thfk@
Vw;gLk;.
gj;jhk; ghtKk;-bjhHpYk;;*
kdpj thH;t[f;F mog;gilj; njit gzk;. me;jg;gzk@
vy;nyh Uf;Fk; nghJk@ vd@W brhy;Yk;
mstpw;F fpilf;fpwjh vd;why@ ,y@iy.
vy;nyhUk; nghJk; ,dp ntz@lhk; vd;W
brhy;gtu;fs; xd;nw xd;W kl;;Lk;jhd;. mijj; jtpu
gzk@/ bgz@/ bghd@/ kz@ ,e;j ehd;ifa[k@
gpr;irf; fhuu; Kjy@ nfhO!@tuu@ tiu vdf;F
,d;Dk; ntz@Lk; vd;Wjhd@ brhy;;fpwhu;fs;.
nghJk; vd;W vtUk; brhy;tjpy@iy.
midtUk@ nghJk; ,dp vdf;F ntz@lhk; vd;W
brhy;tJ mWRit czit kl;Lnk. czt[/ kz@/ bgz@/
bghd@ ,itfis milantz@Lkhdhy@ xU bjhHpy@
mikantz@Lk;. bjhHpYk; rpwg;ghd Kiwapy@
mike;jhy@ jhd@ nkw;fz@l ehd;Fk@
fpilf;Fk;. ,y@iybad@wy@ 4-y@ xd;nwh/
,uz;nlh/ \d;nwhjhd@ fpilf;Fk;.
1. xUtUf;F mikaf; TLk; brhe;jj;bjhHpy@/
moikj; bjhHpy@ ,itapuz@Lk; yf;dj;jpw;F 10-
k@ ,lj;jpy@ cs;s 2 fpufj;ijf; bfhz@Lk@/
re;jpuDf;F 10-k; ,lj;jpy@ cs@s fpufj;ijf;
bfhz@Lk;/ r{upaDf;F 10-k; ,lj;jpy@ cs@s
fpufj;ijf;bfhz@Lk; ,tu;fs@ bgw;wpUf;fpw
el;rj;jpu rhuj; ijf; bfhz@Lk; ethk; rj;jpy@
cs@s tPl;od@ mjpgjpiaf;bfhz@Lk; brhy;y
ntz@Lk;.
2. nkw@fz@l Kiwapy@ ve;j fpufk; tYg;bgw;W
cs;snjh me;j fpufj;jpd@ fhufj;JtbjhHpiy bra;a
ntz@Lk;.
3. brhe;jj;bjhHpy; bra;gtu;fSf;F mjhtJ KjyPL
bra;J gzk; rk;gh jpf;f epidg;gtu;fSf;F/ 2-k;
,lkhd jd!@jhdKk@/ 11-k; ,lkhd yhg!@jhdKk@
bflhky@ mjhtJ 6/ 8/ 12-y@ 2/11-f;Filatu;fSld@
uhF/ nfJtpd@ nru;f;if Vw;glhky@
,Uf;fntz@Lk;. nkYk@ rdpf;F 12/ 12-y@
5/ 7/ 9-y@ fpu f'@fs@ ,Uf;fntz@Lk@.
brt;tha[k@/ nfJt[k@ ,Uf;ff; TlhJ. 4-k;
,lj;jpYk@/ 10-k; ,lj;jpYk; khe;jp ,Uf;ff;TlhJ.
khe;jp epd;w tPl;Lf; Filatd@ jpira[k@
mtu;fSld@ nru;e;j fpufj;jpd@ jpira[k@
elf;ff;TlhJ.
4. nkw;fz@l TlhJ vd;w mikg;gpd;go ,Ue;J
brhe;jkhf KjyPL bra;J gzk@ rk;ghjpf;f
epidj;jhy@ kiy nghy@ ,Ue;j gzk@ gdpnghy@
gdpf;fl;onghy@ cUfp jz;zPuhfr; brd;WtpLk;.
5. nkny brhy;ypago vt;tpj
ghjpg;g[kpy@yhky@ ,Ue;jhy@ brhe;j khfj;
bjhHpy@ bra;ayhk;. ve;j fpufk;
tYg;bgw;Ws;snjh me;j fpuf fhufj;jpa
bjhHpiyr;bra;ayhk;.
r{upad@ muR cj;nahfk@/ murpay@/ muR
\yk@ mDTyk@ bgWk@ bjhHpy;fs@ aht[k@
cz;lhFk;. je;ij bra;a[k@ bjhHpy@/ bghd;
Mguz'@fs@ khzpf;ff; fw;fs@ tpw;gid bra;jy@
kpd; mqtpay@ rk;ge;jkhd bjhHpy@/ mWit
rpfpr;ir bra;a[k@ kUj;Jtu;/ epu;thf
bghWg;gpy@ cs;stu;. (r{upad@ "rdp)
re;jpud; ePu; rk;ge;jkhd bjhHpy@/
ePu;ghrdk@/ fly; fle;J btspehL bry; fpw
bjhHpy@/ ghy@/ japu; tpahghuk;/ tptrhak@/
czt[g; bghUl;fs@ tpw; gid bra;jy@/ n$hjplk;/
fij kw;Wk@ ftpij vGJjy@/ Xtpak; kw;Wk; Md;
kPf FU nghd;w bjhHpy; (rdp"re;jpud@)
brt;tha; g{kpj; bjhHpy@/ muR cj;nahfk;/
fhty@Jiw/ uhqtk@/tptrhak@/ beUg;g[/
,Uk;g[ rk;ge;jkhd bjhHpy@/ rikaw@fiy
nghd;w bjhHpy@/ bghwpapay@ Jiw/
Ru'@fj;bjhHpy@ kpd;Jiw ciyf; Tlj;jpy@ gzp
bra;jy@/ jPaizg;g[ Jiw/ rl;o ghid bra;jy@/
br'@fy@ r{is itj;jy@/ mWit rpfpr;ir kUj;Jtk;/
cnyhfg; bghUl;fs@/ jhJg;bghUl;fs@ rk;ge;jkhd
bjhHpy@/ Ma[j'@fs@ bra;jy@/ fUtpfs@
bra;jy@/ fy; cilj; jy@/ fy;tp tpahghuk; (rdp
brt;tha;)
g[jd@ Mrpupau; gzp/ vGj;ju; fzf;fu;/
n$hjplk@/ jzpf;if bra;g tu;/ tHf;fwp"u@/
gj;jpupifj; bjhHpy@/ juFj;bjhHpy@/ fhfpjk;/
Fwpg@ngLfs@/ ngdh bghUl;fs@/ tpw;gid
fzpjj; Jiw/ ePjpj;Jiw/ m"@ry@ Jiw/ bra; jpj;Jiw/
jfty; bjhlu;g[j;Jiw/ muRj;Jiw/ mr;Rj;Jiw/
bjhiyngrp/ je;jp gj;jpupif/ g[j;jf tpahghuk@/
ngr;rhsu;/ J}jufj;jpy@ gzp/ xw;wu; ntiy/
g[ydha;t[j;Jiw (rdp"g[jd@)
FU ePjpj;Jiw/ bja;tg; gzp/ tHf;fwp"u@/ fy;tp
mikr;ru;/ t'@fp nkyhsu;/ bfsutkhd
bjhHpy@fs@/ cau;e;j bjhHpy@fs@/ epu;thf
bghWg; g[s@s cj;jpnahfk;/ ePjpj;Jiw
Mrpupau@/ Md;kPfj; Jiw/ mwepiyaj; Jiw/
kjnghjfu;/ nahfhrd gapw;rpahsu;/ ntj
tpw;gd;du;/ ju;k!@ jhgdj;jpy@ gzp/ n$hjplk@/
bghUshjhuj;Jiw/ capu; ghJfhg;g[. (rdp"FU)
Rf;fpud@ mHF bghUl;fs@
tpw;gid/ Mlk;gug; bghUl;fs@/ brhFRg;
bghUl;fs@/ thridg; bghUl;fs@/ fiy bghUl;fs@/
Ritahd czt[g;bghUl;fs@/ bghd@/ bts;sp/ ituk;
tpahghuk;/ fhy;eilfs@ tsu;j;jy@/ ,ay;/ ,ir
ehlfk;/ ehl;oak; nghd;w fiyj;bjhHpy@/ ftpij/
ghl;Lg; ghLjy@/ eog;g[ bjhHpy@/ Jzpkzp
tpahghuk;/ fl;oy@/ bkj;ij/ r'@fPj fUtpfs@
tpahghuk;/ mHF epiyak;/ Rw;Wyhj; Jiw/
nfspf;if tpLjp thfd'@fisf; bfhz;L bjhHpy@
bra;jy@/ kJ/ j'@Fk; tpLjp elj;jy@/ Xtpak;
tiujy@/ rpw;g ntiyfs@ bra;jy@/ mHFg; nghl;o/
,dpg;ghd ghd'@fs@/ gHurk; tpw; gid bra;jy@/
tl;oj; bjhHpy@/ t'@fp gzp bra;jy@/ epjp
epWtd'@fis elj;Jjy@/ epjp mikr;ru;/ fzf;fu;/
jzpf;ifahsu; (rdp"Rf;fpud@)
rdp ,Uk;g[ tpahghuk;/ vz@bza@ tpahghuk;/
epyf;fup Ru'@fj; bjhHpy@/ fHpt[g; bghUl;fs@
tpw;gid/ ML/ khL/ gd;wp tsu;j;jy@/ njhy@
tpahghuk;/ fU'@fy@/ kz@/ kuk;/ giHa
bghUl;fs@/ tpw;gid bra;jy@/ kahdk;/
brUg;g[ ijf;Fk; bjhHpy@/ Jg;g[ut[ gzp/
Kobtl;Lk; gzp/ fy; kw;Wk; kz@ Rkj;jy@/
fl;olj;jpy@ gzp bra;jy@/ bjhHpw;rhiyapy@
vLgpo ntiy/ Xl;lypy@ fpspdp'@/ Of;filapy@
gzpg[upjy@.
uhF urhadg; bghUl;fs@ tpw;gid bra;jy@/
kpd;dqtpay@ Jiw/ bjhGneha; kUj;Jtk;/
ghk;g[ gz@iz/ghk;ghl;o/ xw;wu; gzp/ btsp
ehl;L tu;j;jfk;/ nghijg; bghUl;fs@/ tp#kUe;J
tpw;gid/ btoFz@L bra;jy@/ rpiwr;rhiy gzp/
khe;jpuPfk;/ fs;sf;flj;jy@/ g[ydha@t[j;Jiw/
cst[j;Jiw/ jpUl;Lj; bjhHpy@/ thfdk@ Xl;Ljy@/
tPonah/ rpdpkh/ moikj;bjhHpy@/ Vkhw;wp
gpiHj;jy@/ giHa bghUs; tpahghuk;/ rl;lj;jpw;F
g[wk;ghd bjhHpy@/ Vty@/ gpy;yp r{dpak;/
J#;l rf;jp gpunahfk@/ tpgrhuk; bra;jy@.
(rdp"brt@"uhF)
nfJ kUj;Jtk;/ n$hjplk;/ Md; kPfk;/ rl;lj;Jiw ijay@
fil itj;jy@/ fil tpahghuk;/ kpd; fk;gpfs@
rk;ge;jkhd bjhHpy@/ E}w;ghiyapy@ gzp/
gha; gpd;Djy@/ Tilgpd;Djy@/ kj nghjid/
Jwtwk; bfhs;Sjy@/ ke; jpu rf;jp \yk@ rpfpr;ir
mspj;jy@. (rdp nfJ)
nkw;fz@l bjhHpy;fis rdpa[ld@ nru;e;j
fpuf'@fs@/ rdpf;F 2/ 12/ 1/ 5/ 7/ 9-k;
,l'@fspy@ nru;e;J ,Ue;j fpufj;jpy@ fhufj;jpw;F
cz@lhd bjhHpy@jhd@ $hjfu; bra;Jbfhz;L
,Ug;ghu;.
khe;jphpfdhFk; nahfk;*
ke;jpuk; fhy;/ kjp Kf;fhy; vd;Dk; gHbkhHp ek;
ehl;oy; ,Ue;J tUfpd;wJ. ,jw;F bghUs;/ kjp
vd;Dk; jkpH;r;brhy;Yf;F re;jpud; vd;W bghUs;
cz;L.
re;jpud; rhu;e; Js;s uhrpiaa[k;/ re;jpud;
rhu;e;Js;s el;rj;jpu nfhl;rhu epiyiaa[k;
Mjhukhff; bfhz;Ljhd; ke;jpuj;ij gad;gLj;j
ntz;Lk;.
nk#k;/ flfk;/rpk;kk;/fd;dp/ Jyhk; Mfpa uhrpay;
gpwe;jtu;fSf;F khe; jpufdhFk; nahfk; mjpfkhf
mikfpd;wJ.
b$d;k yf;fpdhjpgjp ,Uf;fpd;w uhrpf;Filatu;/
ehd;fhk; tPl;od; mjpgjp ghf;fpahjpgjp Mfpa
\tUk; Mwhk; ,lj;ijr; rhu;e;jpUf;fnth MWf;F
cilatd; Vwpa mk;rj;jpy; ,Ue;J gpwe;jtu;
khe;jupfdhFk; tha;g;g[ cilatu;.
gj;jhk; ,lj;Jf;F mjpgjpahd $Ptdhjpgjp
$Ptd !;jhdj;jpy; ,Ue;J FU/ brt;tha; nru;e;J ,e;j
gj;jhk; ,lj;jpid ghu;f;f me;j $hjfu; khe;jpupf
nahfk; cs;stuhf ,Ug;ghu;.
gj;jhk; tPl;oy; Nupad; ,Ue;jhYk; nahfk;
Vw;gLk;. gj;jhk; tPl;L mjpgjp/ ,yf;f mjpgjp
Nupad; nru;e;J ,Uf;f me;j ,lj;ij uhF ghu;f;f Toa
mikg;g[ Vw;gl;lhYk; me;j $hjfUf;F khe;jpuf
nahfk; Vw;gLk;.
ehd;fhk; tPl;Lmgjpgjpa[k; ,yf;f mjpgjpa[k;
nru;e;J yf;dj;jpw;F gj;jhk; tPl;oy; ,Uf;f mjid
re;jpud; ghu;f;f ,Ue;jhy; me;j $hjfUf;F ,e;j
khjpupahd nahf mikg;g[ cz;L.
gj;jhk; uhrpajpgjp Rgfpuf';fSld; nru;e;J ,Uf;f
mtDf;F ,Ugf;fKk; cs;s fpuf';fs; gyk; bgw;W
,Uf;f me;j $hjfu; khe;jpupf bjhHpy;
bra;gtuhf ,Ug;ghu;fs;.
gif vz;fSk;/ kzthH;t[k;*
vz@ n$hjplj;jpy@ ekJ gpwe;j fpHikf;Fupa
vz;qk@ gpwe;j njjp vz;qk@ ek;Kila
Fzhjpra'@fis btspg;gLj;Jk;. ekJ gpwe;j tUl
vz@ ek; kzthH;tpy@ ekf;F mikatpUf;Fk;
thH;f;ifj; Jiz gw;wpa Fzhjpra'@fis
bjspt[gLj;Jk; vz;zhFk;. ek; thH;f;ifj;
 Jizapd@ Fzeyd;fSf;F Vw;g/ ekJ Fz'@fis
rpwpJ khw;wpf;bfhz;lhy@ kzthH;tpy@
kfpH;r;rp cz;lhFk;. Mdhy; gyu;/ jd;id
khw;wpf;bfhs;s vz;zhky@/ thH;f;ifj;
Jizapd@ Fzeyd@fis jdf;F rhjfkhf khw;wr;
brhy;yp tw;g[Wj;Jthu;fs;. ,jdhnyna gy
FLk;g'@fspy@ ,y;thH;tpy@ tpupry@
Vw;gLtJz@L.
gpwe;j vz;fspd;go rpyUf;F gpwe;j njjp vz;qf;F
mDruizahf/ thH;f;ifj; Jiziaf; Fwpg;gpLk; tUl
vz@ miktjpy@iy. mjhtJ gpwe;j njjp vz;qf;F tUl
vz@ gifj;jd;ikahf mike;Jtpl;lhy@/ ek; Fzj;jpw;F
khwhd (vjpuhd) Fzk; gilj;j xUtu@ ekf;F thH;f;
ifj; Jizahf mika ntz@Lk; vd;gJ vz;fspd;go tpjp
MfpwJ. Mfnt ek; kzthH;it rw;W bjspthf
mwpe;Jbfhs;s gif vz;fspd;go ,g;nghJ
ghu;g;nghk;.
xt;bthUvz;qf;Fk; xU gif vz; cz;L. gif vz;fisg;;
gw;wp mwpa xU vspa Kiw cz;L. mjhtJ ve;j
,uz;L vz;fisf; Tl;o dhy; m'@F vz;'9 njhd;Wnkh/
mjp[y@ cs;s mt;btz@fs@ jk;kpy@ gifahFk;.
cjhuzkhf vz;'1-Ia[k;kkkkkk/ vz;'8-Ia[k@
Tl;odhy@ m'@F vz;'9 tUky;yth* ,jd;go vz;'1-
f;F vz;'8 gifahFk;. ,Jnghynt vz;'2-f;F 7-k;/ 3-
f;F 6-k;/ 4-f;F 5-k;/ 5-f;F 4-k;/ 9-k;/ 6-f;F/ 3-
k@/ 7-f;F 2-k;/ 8-f;F/1-k;/ 9-f;F 5-k;/ 0
(g{$@ak;)k@. gif vz@fshFk;.
,e;j gif vz;fspd@ fzpg;gpd@ go/ Kjypy@
gpwe;j tUl vz@fisf; bfhz;L kl;Lk; ghu;g;nghk;.
cjhuzkhf xUtu; 1976-k; Mz@L gpwe;j jhf
itj;Jf;bfhs;nthk;. ,e;j tUlj;jpd; tUlf;Tl;L vz;'23
(1"9"7"6'23) MfpwJ. brd;w E}w;whz@oy@
gpwe;j midtUf;Fk@ Mapuj;jp bjhs;shapuk@
vd;W bjhl'@Ftjhy@/ mjpy@ cs;s vz;'19-I
ePf;fptpl;L kPjp tUlj;ij vLj;Jf;bfhz@lhy; tUl
vz;'76 (1976) Mf ,Uf;fpwJ.
gif vz;fspd;go tUlf; Tl;L vz;'23-f;F gpwe;j tUl
vz;'76 neuo gifahf (vz;'2-f;F 7 gif/ vz;'3-f;F 6
gif) Mfptpl;lJ. mjhtJ tUlf;Tl;L vz;qf;F tUl vz@
gifahtjhy@ kzthH;tpy@ (ve;jj; njjp khjj;jpy@
gpwe;jtuhapDk@) FHg;g'@fs@ fhj;jpUf;fpwJ
vd;W bghUs;gLk;.
cjhuzkhf xU bgz; 21-8-1976-k; Mz;L
rdpf;fpHik ,ut[ 9-30f;Fg; gpwe;jjhf
itj;Jf;bfhs;nthk;. ,e;jg; bgz;qf;F tUl vz@/ tUlf;
Tl;L vz;qf;Fg; gifahtjhy; ,tuJ 23-tJ taJ tiu
(1976"23'1999) fhjy;-kzthH;t[ nghd;witfspy@
njhy;tp cz@lhFk; njh#Ks;s mikg;ghfpwJ.
mnjrkak@ ,tuJ fztupd@ gpwe;j neuk;/ fpHik/
njjp/ khj/ tUl vz;fs@ ,tuJ vz;fSf;F gif
Mfhky@ ,Ue;jhy@ 1999 -k; Mz;L Koa[k; tiu
rpW rpW rz;il/ rr;rut[fSld@ ehl;fisf; flj;j
Koa[k;.
,nj nghd;W tUl vz;'1976-f;F gjpyhf 1967-k@
Mz;L gpwe;jtuhdhYk; 23-taJ Koa[k@ tiu
kzthH;t[f;F rupahd fhy kpy@iy vd;nw
Twyhk;. Vbddpy@ tUl vz;'4 (6-7-13-4)
Mft[k@/ tUlf; Tl;L vz;'5 (1-9-6-7-23-5) Mft[k@
gifahf (vz;'4-f;F vz;'5 gif) ,Ug;gjhy@
kzthH;t[ ghjpg; gila[k@ tha;g;g[ cz;lhfpwJ.
Mfnt ,Jnghd;w tUl'@fspy@ gpwg;gtu;fSf;Fk;/
23-taJf;Fs@ mDruizahd kzthH;t[ miktJ
rpukk;jhd;.
,dp ekJ gpwe;j njjp vz;qf;Fk;/ gpwe;j tUl
vz;qf;Fk; cs;s gifj;jd;ik gw;wpg@
ghu;g;nghk;. cjhuzkhf xUtu; 11-7-1988-k;
Mz;L gpwe;jtu@ vd;why@ ,tuJ tUl vz;'88
(1988) MfpwJ. ,tuJ njjp vz;'11-f;F/ gif
mikg;gpy@ gpwg;gtu;fSf;Fk; kzthH;tpy@
bghUj;j kw;w thH;f;ifj;Jiz mika ntz;@Lk; vd;W
fzpg;ghfpwJ.
bghJthf gpwe;j njjp vz;qf;F gpwe;j tUl vz@
gifahf gpwg;g tu;fSf;F FHe;ijg; gUtj;jpnyna
kuzj;jpw;F xg;ghd fz;lk; my@yJ neha;-
Mgnu#d@ nghd;witfSk;/ gpwe;j neuk;
gifahdhy@ clypy@ rpW CdKk@ Vw;gl
tha;g;g[z;lhFk;. ,tu;fSf;F bghUj;jkhd
kzthH;t[ kw;Wk; thH;f;ifj;Jiz gw;wp mwpa
,tu;fspd@ gpwe;j fpHik vz@ kw;Wk; \d;whk;
vz;zpd@ gyk;-gytPdk@-gif nghd;witfisf;
bfhz;L fzpj;J Kot[ bra;antz@Lk;.
njjp vz;qf;F gpwe;j tUl vz@fs@ ,nj nghd;W
12-k; njjpa[k@/ 87-k; Mz;Lk; (1987)/ 13-k;
njjpa[k@ 86-k; Mz;Lk;/ 14-k; njjpa[k@/ 85-k;
Mz;Lk@/ 15-k; njjpa[k@/ 84-k; Mz;Lk;/ 16-k;
njjpa[k@ 83-k; Mz;Lk;/ 17-k; njjpa[k@ 82-k;
Mz;Lk; gpwg;gtu;fSf;F bghUj;jkw;w
thH;f;ifj;Jiz kw;Wk; kzthH;t[ ghHhFk;
tha;g;g[ cz;lhfpwJ.
nkw;Twpaijg; nghynt 12-k; njjpa[k@/ 1987-k;
tUlj;jpw;Fg; gjpyhf 1978-y@
gpwg;gtu;fSf;Fk@ kz thH;tpy@ Fiwfis
cz;lhf;Fk;.,J nghynt vy@yh njjp vz;fSf;Fk;
gifahd tUl vz@fis ehk; fzf; fpl;L mwpe;Jbfhs;s
Koa[k@. bghJthf ek; gpwe;j njjp vz;qf;F ek;
gpwe;j tUl vz@ gifahf mike;jhy@ ek;
kzthH;tpy@ FHg;g'@fs@ cz;lhFk;
vd;WcWjpahff; Twyhk;.
,Jtiu gpwe;j njjp vz;qf;F neuo gifahd tUl
vz@fisg; gw;wpg; ghu;j;njhk;. ,it jtpu
ntbwhU tpjkhd gif mikg;g[k@ cz;L. mjhtJ ekJ
gpwe;j njjp vz;zpd@ tupir vz;qf;F tUl vz@
gifahf miktjhFk;. cjhuzkhf xUtu@ 1/ 10/ 19/
28 nghd;w njjpfspy@ gpwe;J/ mtuJ tUl vz;
tupirapy@ miktjhFk;. ,jd; go 1/ 10/ 19/ 28
njjpfshd vz;'1 -f;F gifahd vz; '8-f;Fupa tUlkhd
62 (1962)/ 71(1971)/ 80(1980)/ 89 1989)
nghd;w tUl'@fspy@ gpwe;jhy@ kz thH;tpy@
thH;f;ifj; Jiza[ld@ xw;Wikf; Fiwit cz; lhf;Fk;.
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(1970)/ 79 (1979) nghd;w tUl'@fspy@
gpwg;gtu;fSf;Fk; thH;f;ifj;Jiz gifahft[k@/
nehahft[k@ mjpf tha;g;g[z;lhFk;.

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48-38 uh$P ehaf;fd; bjU/
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rpy tptu';fisf; fhzyhk;.
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mikths;.
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Mz;fspd; m';f yl;rz ufrpak;

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g[UtkpUg;gpd; bgUk; bry;te;jdhthd;.
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thH;f;ifapy; ve;neu Kk; mjpu;#;l rhypahf
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bfhz;l tdha[k; ,Ug;ghd;.
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,y;iy.
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ifia cilatuhft[k;/ jd te;jdhd rpnefpjid
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rpyh; maY}h;g; gpuahzk; mof;fo
bra;gth;. kh;k neha; Vw;gl
tha;g;g[ cz;L. jf;f rkaj;jpy; flikia
kwg;gh;.
Nhpad; yf;fpdj;jpw;F vl;lhtJ
,y;yj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy;-
ey;y fy;tp "hdk; cs;stuhf ,Ug;ghh;.
,r@NhpaDld; g[jd; ,ize;jhy; mth;
gl;ljhhp vd;nw brhy;yyhk;. ey;y mHF
ilath;. Mdhy; bry;t tsKk;/ jh;k
rpe;jida[k; ,Uf;fhJ. vl;oy; epd;w
Nhpaidg; gpw ghg fpuf';fs;
ghuhky; ,Ue;jhy; ePz;l Ma[s; cz;L. ,e;j
$hjfh; vspjpy; gpwUf;Ff; fPH;g;goa
khl;lhh;. Toa kl;Lk; g[j;jpu gpuhg;jp
Fiwe;Jk; my;yJ ,y;yhkYk; ,Ug; ;ghh;.
mjpfhhpfSf;Ff; fPH;g;goa khl; lhh;
vd;gjhy; nkyjpfhhpfspd; gifik ,tUf;F
vg;nghJk; cz;L.
Nhpad; yf;fpdj;jpw;F xd;gjhtJ ,y;
yj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy;-
cwtpdh;fshy; cjtp Vw; glhJ. MapDk;
bghpa kdpjh; fspd; Mjut[ cz;L. je;ijf;F
MfhJ. g{h;tPf brhj;Jf; fpilf;f
epahakpy;iy. jh;k rpe;jid cila th;. ,th;
fyfk; bra;af;Toa jd; ikia cilath;.
tpahghuj;jpy gl;lhy; ey;y gyd;
bgwyhk;. ,tuJ thH;f;ifapy; Rfj;ij tplf;
f#lj;ij mjpfk; mDgtpg;ghh;.
,r@NhpaDf;F FU ghh;it ,Ue;jhy; Rgg;
gyd;fs; mjpfkhft[k; jPagyd;fs; Fiwthf
t[k; fhzg;gLk;. ,r@Nhpad;
ghf;fpa !;jhdj;jpy; epw;f
mr@NhpaDs; ,uz; ;Lf;F nkw;gl;l
fpuf';fs; ,ize;J m!;j';fk; bgw;Wtpl;lhy;
re;epahrp nahfnk Vw;gLk;.
Nhpad; yf;fpdj;jpw;F gj;jhtJ
,y;yj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy;-
me;j $hjfUf;F vg;goa[k; murh';fj;Jld;
bjhlh;g[ Vw;gLk;. murpaypy; gl;L
my;yJ r\f nritahy; muR tpUJ fisa[k;
bgWthh;. murh';f cj;jp nahfk; Vw;gl
epr@rak; tha;g;g[cz;L. vjph;ghuhJ
jpOh; gjtp cah;t[ fpilf; Fk;.
cwtpdh;fshy; ghuhl;Lg; bgW thh;.
gzk; rk;ghjpf;f vy;yh Kiw fisa[k;
ifahSthh;. ey;y Mnuhf; fpak; cilath;/
ijhparhyp/ vy;yhj; bjhHpypYk;
gapw;rp bgWthh;. ,t Uf;Fj; bjhpahj
bjhHpy; El;gk; vJ t[k; fpilahJ. FLk;g
bfsutk; rpwg;ghf ,Uf;Fk;.
Nhpad; yf;dj;jpw;F gjpndhuhtJ
,y;yj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy;;;-
thfd gpuhg;jp cz;L. bghpa jdte;jh;/ gy
Uf;F v$khdhh;. ijhpayl;Rkp ,thp lk; Fo
bfhz;oUf;Fk;. ey;y Mnuhf; fpak;
cilath;/ murpay; vjph;g;g[ epiwa
Vw;gLk;. rpW tajpy; ,tUf; Ff; fz;lk;
Vw;gLk;. ,tUila ez; ;gh;fs; kpft[k;
jpwikrhypfs;. jf;fjU zj;jpy;
Mjut[ mspg;ghh;fs;. vj;jU zj;jpYk;
njitf;F Vw;w gzk; fpilg;gjhy; ,th;
vg;nghJk; re; njh#khf ,Ug;ghh;. ,e;j
$hjfh; xU ey;y me;j!;ij mile;Jtpl;lhy;
,th; je;ijf;F rhpt[ njhd;Wk;.
Nhpad; yf;fpdj;jpw;F gd;dp buz;lhtJ
,y;yj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy;-
bry;tk; ,y;yhjth;/ mjpf bryt[il ath;/
cah;e;j njhw;wk; cilath;. gpu ahzj;jpy;
gw;Wjy; mjpfk; cz;L. tU tha;f;F
mjpfkhd bryt[ vg;nghJk; cz;L. ,th;
tWikapy; ,Ue;J vspjpy; tpLgLtJ fodk;.
brhw;g re;jjp cilath;. kpf;f
ijhparhyp. ,th; nrkpf;Fk; gzj;ij gpwh;
mD gtpg;gh;. ,th; vijg; gw;wpa[k; ftiy
bfhs;shh;. ,r@ NhpaDld; g[jd; nrh;e;
jhy; gl;lg; gog;g[ cz;L. FUghh;it
Vw;god; ,ij epr@rak; vd;W brhy;y
yhk;. Mdhy; Rf;fpud; ,ize;jhy; ,ilapy;
fy;tp jilg;gl;L kPz;Lk; bjhlUk;.
,e;j gd;dpuz;lhk; !;jhdj;jpy; Nhpad;
ePr@rk; bgw;wpUe;jhy; jPa gyd;fs;
Fiwe;J ed;ikahd gyd;fs; mjpfhpf;Fk;.
kuz nahfk;...
 vk;.V.bgUkhs;/
47-(62)gf;fPh; rhfpg; bjU/ brd;id- 600 005
j';fs; kuz fhyj;ij Kd;djhfnt Fwpj;J
itj;Jr@ brd;w kfhd;fs; gyh;
,Ue;jpUf;fpwhh;fs;. ,jw;F gz;ilaf;fhy
rh!;jpu';fs; cw;w Jiz g[hpe;Js;sJ. tuhf
kpQpuh; kw;Wk; gyhpd; m';f
rh!;jpuj;jpd; rpy tw;iw fhz;nghk;.
1. Nhpa btspr@rj;jpnyh/ epytpnyh
epd;W jd; cliyg; ghh;f;Fk; nghJ jd;
njfk; mirahJ. epHy; kl;Lk; mire;jhy;
gjp ide;J ehl;fspy; $Ptd; gphpa[k;.
2. R\fkhf/ md;ghf ngRk;/ gHFk; xUth;
jpObud nfhgjhgkhf elg;gJk;/ xU Kd;
nfhgKilath; fhuzk; ,y;yhky; rhJnghd;W
Fz eyk; khWgl;lhy; xU tUlj;jpy; Mtp
ml';Fk;.
3. thdpy; fhzg;gLk; el;rj;jpuk;
fhzg;glhJ kiwthf ,Ue;jhy; mjhtJ gpwh;
fz;fSf;F bjd;gl;lhy; 40 ehspy; ,aw;if
va;Jthh;fs;.
4. Kfk; ghh;f;Fk; fz;zhoapy; jd; cUtk;
fhzg;glhJ xU egh; ,Ue;jhy; xU ehspy;
mtUf;F kuzk; rk;gtpf;Fk;.
5.xUthpd; Ma[s; nuif/ g[j;jp nuif/ ,Uja
nuif Mfpa \d;Wk; xd;whf ,ize;J
fhzg;gl;lhy; mth;fs; jpObud kuzj;ij
vjph;bfhs;thh;fs;.
6. xUth; ifapy; re;jpu nkl;oy; bgUf;fy;
mwpFwp/ my;yJ el;rj;jpu Fwpfs;
fhzg;gl;L Fwpg;ghf gpuahz nuifapy;
fhzg;gl;lhy;/ my;yJ tpuy;fspd; vy;yh
Kjy; m';F yh!; jpapy;miynghd;w nuif
fhzg;
gl;lhy; $yrkhjp vd czuyhk;.
7. Kfk;; ghh;f;Fk; fz;zhoapy; ghh;f;Fk;
nghJ j';fs; ghh; ;itf;F jiyapd; cr@rp
fhzg;glhJ ,Ue;jhy; mLj;J tUtJ
caph;gphpt[ vd epr@rapf;fyhk;.
8. xU tpuy; kl;Lk; fhuz kpd;wp Joj;jhy;
mJt[k; gphptpd; mwpFwp.
9. fhy; tpuy;fis Cd;wpg; ghh;j;jhy;
eLf;fk; Vw;gLtJ/ brtp/ ehf;F/ cjLfs;
cyh;e;J g";rilj;J nghjy;/
kyf;fHptpypUe;J g[yhy; ehw;wnkh g[if
ehw;wnkh te;jhYk;; ,itaht[k; kuzj;jpd;
rhay;fs;jhd; vd eph;zapf;fyhk;.
10. xU ehs; KGJk; xU gf;f khfnth/
(tykhfnth ,lkhfnth) Rthrk;
Xof;bfhz;oUe;jhy; Xuhz; oy; kuzk;
rk;gtpf;Fk;.
11.jz;zPhpy; ePuho vGe;j clnd cs;s';if
gFjpapYk; bjhg;g[spYk; <uk;
,y;yhjpUe;jhy; ,Jt[k; kuzj;jpd;
rhay;jhd;.
12. xU ghj;jpuj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk; ePh;/
my;yJ vz;bzapy; jk;Kfk; bjhpahtpod; 7
ehl;fspy; kuzk; rk;gtpf;Fk;.
13. ,uz;lhk; ehspYk; vl;lhk; ehspYk;
neha;tha;gl;nlhhpd; rhF';Fwp itj; jpa
KiwapYk; Twyhk;.
bts;s ePnuhLk; nghny rpnyj;Jkk; kPwp
bahoy; ts;sy; jhkwpar@
brhd;ndhk;.kwpg;gJ kw;whk; ehspy;
bjs;spa thjj;jhYk; rpjwpna xU khfpy;
vs;spa ehs; Xh; vl;oy; cWjpaha;r@
rhthh; vd;nd.
mjhtJ- bts;sk; bgUf;bfLj;J XLtJnghy;/
rpnyj;Jk ehoahdJ mjd; mst[f;F kPwp
XLkhdhy; mj;jifa kdpjd; ,uz;nl
ehl;fSf;Fs; kuzkila neUk;. mnj nghy;
thjehoahdJ rpjwpnahLkhdhy; vl;lhtJ
ehsd;W kuzk; rk;gtpf;Fk;.
kuzk; gytHpfspy; ek;ik czur@ bra;a[k;
tpjkhf \jhijah; vLj;Jiuj;Js;sdh;.
tpghPj uh$nahfk;*
 nf.Mh;.ntYr@rhkp/
mf;ufhutPjp/ Mh;.$p.fhk;g;sf;!;/ md;D}h;-
641653
,e;j g{kpapy; gpwe;j xt;bthU tUk; rfy
Rf';fisa[k; mDgtpj;J tplntz;Lk;vd;W
tpUk;g[tJ ,ay;g[.Mdhy; tpuy; tpl;L
vz;zf;Toa mstpy; xU rpyiuj; jtpu
kw;wth;fs; md;whl njitf;nf my;yhl
ntz;oa epiyjhd;.
xUth; gpwf;Fk; nghJ ,Uf;Fk; fpuf
epiyfisg; bghWj;nj mth; thH;f;if
mikfpwJ.
rpyUf;F rpy fpuf';fs; gykhf ,Uf;Fk;.
Mdhy; mf;fpuf';fs; yf;dj;Jf;F
ghtpfshf ,Uf;Fk;. gyk; bgWk; fpuf';fs;
nahfh;fshf mike; jhy;jhd; $hjfh;
Rfnghf';fis mila Koa[k;.
xU $hjfj;jpy; uh$nahfk;
,Uf;fpwbjd;why; me;j nahfj;ijj; juf;Toa
fpufk; $hjfUila rhpahd tajpy; jpir
elj;jntz;Lk;. mj;jprh fhyk; KGtJk;
nahf';fis vjph;ghh;f;f KoahJ. nfhs;rhu
epiyfisg; bghWj;J gyd;fs; khWgLk;.
ehd;fhtJ jpirahf rdp te;jhy; khuf jpir.
Mdhy; mj;jprh fhyk; xUtUf;F
uh$nahfk; mspj;Js;sJ.
uh$nahfk; jUk; nfe;jpu jphpnfhz
Mjpgj;jpaKs;s fpufk; khuf jpir ahf
te;jhYk; khufk; (kuzk;) epfH;tjpy;iy.
cjhuz $hjfk;-1
ghtk;-Rf;fpud; kfuk;
nkw;fz;l $hjfh; rpj;jpiu el;rj;jpuk; Jyh
uhrpapy; gpwe;;Js;shh;.
Muk;g jpir brt;tha; 2-0-24 brt;tha;/
uhF/ FU jpirfs; $hjfUf;F nahfk;
jutpy;iy. Mdhy; rdp jpirapy;
nfhO!;tuh; Mfptpl;lhh;.
rdp jpir kpft[k; nkhrkhf ,Uf;Fk;
vd;Wjhd; gy n$hjplh;fs; Twpa[s;sdh;.
Mdhy; mjw;F khwhf ele;Js;sJ.
rdp yf;dhjpgjp. Rf;fpud; tPlhd
el;g[ tPl;oy;,Uf;fpwJ. nkYk; ghtfj;jpy;
Rf;fpud; yf;dj;jpy; (,uhrpapy; jDR)
,Ug;gJ Rf;fpud; rdp ghpth;j;jid
bgw;Ws;sijf; fhl;LfpwJ. mnjhL Jyh
uhrpf;F rdpnahf fhufd; vdntjhd; rdp
jprh fhyk; $hjfUf;F gykhd uh$nahfj;ij
tH';fptpl;lJ.
cjhuz $hjfk; -2
nkw;fz;l $hjfj;jpy; uh$ nahfk; cs;sJ.
ul;lhjp el;rj;jpuj;jpy; gpwe;jth;.
Muk;g jpir FU 4/ 9/ 21 Kjy; 22-6-2007
tiu g[jd; jpir.
g[jd; jpiriag; bghWj;jtiu yf;dj;Jf;F
vl;Lf;Filath; yhg Mjp gj;jpaKk;
,Ug;gpDk; nahf Mjpgj;ak; ,y;iy. Mdhy;
g[jd;jhd; $hjfiu nfhO!;tuh; Mf;fpa[s;sJ.
g[jd; yf;dj;Jf;F/ yf;dhjpgjpf;F
ghtpahdhYk;/ uhrpf;F nahf fhufd; jtpu
jh;k fh;khjpgjpfshd re;jpud;
ghh;ita[k;/ Nhpad; nrh;;f;ifa[k;
Vw;gl;lnj vl;Lf;Filatd; jd; gyidf;
bfhLf;fhky; nahf gyidf;
bfhLj;Js;shd;. ,J tpghPj uh$ nahfkhFk;.
,e;j $hjfUf;Fk; gy n$hjplh;fs; Mjpgj;jpa
fzf;fpy; g[jd; bfLf;Fk; vd;nw Twpdh;.
gd;dpU ght';fs;*
tp.rp.fpUghde;jk;/ Fk;gnfhzk;.
xU kdpjDila thH;f;ifapd; gy;ntW
JiwfspYk; mtDf;F neuf;Toa ed;ik/
jPikfis b$d;k yf;dk; Kjyhf gd;dpbuz;L
tPLfisa[k; mtw;nwhL bjhlh;g[s;s
fpuf';fisa[k; bfhz;L ehk; jPh;kh dpf;f
ntz;Lk;.
Kjy; ghtk; Xh; Mz; my;yJ bgz;zpDila
cUtj; njhw;wk;/ caphpd typik/ nghJkhd
Fz';fs;/ elj;ijfs;/ thH;f;ifj;juk;/ g[fH;/
,fH; ,itbay;yhk; Kjyhk; ghtk; vdg;gLk;
b$d;k yf;dj;ijf; bfhz;L
eph;zapf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
,uz;lhk; ghtk; xUtdJ bghUshjhu epiyik/
FLk;g mikg;g[/ thf;Ftd;ik/ fiyj;jpwd;/
tyf;fz;zpd; jd;ik/ fGj;jpd; jd;ik/
mzpfyd;fspd; jd;ik ,itbay;yhk; ,uz;lhk;
ghtk; vdg;gLk;. ,uz;lhk; tPl;ilf; bfhz;L
eph;zapf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
,uz;lhk; tPl;Lf;F jd!;jhdk;/ thf;F!;jhdk;/
FLk;g!;jhdk;/ nej; jpu !;jhdk; vd;Dk;
bgah;fSk; cz;L.
\d;wh ghtk; xUtdJ jk;gpfspd; epiy/
j';iffspd; epiy/ ntiyf;fhuh;fspd; epiy/
mz;il mayhh;fspd; epiy/ mtDila ,ir
mwpt[/ FWfpa gaz';fs;/ mtDf;Ff;
fpilf;ff;Toa murh';f cjtp/ mtdJ
njhw;w';fspd; jd;ik/ cs;sj;jpz;ik ,it
bay;yhk; \d;whk; ghtk; vdg;gLk;.
\d;whkplj;ijf; bfhz;L
jPh;khdpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
ehd;fhk; ghtk; xUtdJ jhapd; epiyik/
tPl;L trjp/ nghf;Ftuj;J trjp/ fy;tpapd;;
jd;ik/ bry;thf;F/ cwtpdhpd; epiyik/ khL
fd;Wfspd; bgUf;fk; my;yJ RUf;fk;/
ez;gh;fspd; jd;ik/ Kd;ndhh;fs; njo itj;j
bghUs;/ thH;f;if trjp/ thH;f;ifapd;
filrpf;fl;lj;jpy; mtd; ,Uf;ff; Toa epiyik/
mtDila tapw;wpd; jd;ik-khh;gpd;
jd;ik ,itfs; vy;yhk; ehd;fhk; ghtk;
vdg;gLk;. ehd;fhkplj;;ijf; bfhz;L
jPh;khdpf;fg;gLfpd;wd. ehd;fhk;
,lj;jpw;F khj;U!; jhdk;/ Rf!;jhdk;/ tpj;ah
!;jhdk; vd;Dk; bgah;fSz;L.
Ie;jhk; ghtk; xUtUila g[jy;th;-
g[jy;tpapd; epiy/ g[j;jphpapd;
bespt[ my;yJ bjsptpd;ik/ bfsutk;/
kjpa{fk;/ mtd; Kw;gpwg;gpy; bra;j
g[z;zpa ght';fspd; ,ay;g[/ mtdJ ,jak;-
KJF ,tw;wpd; epiy nghd;witbay;yhk;
Ie;jhk; ghtk; vdg;gLk; Ie;jhk;;
,lj;ijf;bfhz;L jPh;khdpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
Ie;jhk; ,lj;jpw;F g[j;jpu !;jhdk;/ g{h;t
g[z;zpa !;jhdk;/ ,ja!;jhdk;/
fPh;j;jp!;jhdk; vd;Dk; bgah;fSk; cz;L.
Mwhk; ghtk; xUtdJ neha; my;yJ
nehapd;ik/ gifth;fspd; jd;ik/ fld;fspd;
jd;ik/ mtDf;F neuf;Toa fha';fs;/
,Hg;g[fs; mtdJ tapW-Fly;fs;/ jha[ld;
gpwe;j khkdpd; epiyik ,itbay;yhk;
Mwhk; ghtk; vdg;gLk; Mwhk;
,lj;ijf;bfhz;L jPh;khdpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
Mwhk; ,lj;Jf;F Uz!;jhdk;/ nuhf!; jhdk;/
rj;U!;jhdk; vd;Dk; bgah;fSk; cz;L. Uzk;
vd;why; fld;.
VHhk; ghtk; xUtdJ fhjy;/ jpUkzk;/
kidtp/ g';fhsp/ Tl;lhsp/ ePjpkd;w
tHf;Ffs;/ ,y;yw ,d;gk;/ Rje;jpu
kdg;ghd;ik/ mtDf;Ff; fpilf;ff;Toa
murh';f cjtpfs;/ bghJ ntiyj; Jiwapy;
mtDf;F tha;f;ff;Toa gifth;fs; my;yJ
nghl;oahsh;fs;/ mtdJ fPH; KJF/ ,uj;jf;
FHha;fs; ,tw;wpd; ,ay;g[fs;/ VHhk;
ghtk; vdg;gLk;. VHhkplj;ijf; bfhz;L
jPh;khdpf;fg;gLfpd;wd. VHhkplj;jpw;F
fsj;jpu !;jhdk; vd;Dk; bgaUk; cs;sJ.
vl;lhk; ghtk; xUtdJ Ma[s;/ mtDf;F
neuf;Toa Mgj;Jfs;/ jPuhj neha;fs;/
,ila{Wfs;/ kdf;ftiyfs;/ bghUs; e#l';fs;/
tpgj;Jfs;/ tHf;Ffs;/ bjhy;iyfs;/ ,d;g
cWg;g[fs; Mfpa ,tw;wpd; epiyikfs;
vl;lhk; ghtk; vdg;gLk;. vl;lhk; ,lj;ijf;
bfhz;L jPh;khdpf; fg;gLfpd;wd.
bgz;zhapUe;jhy; mtsJ kh';fy;a gyKk;
vl;lhk; ,lj;ijf; bfhz;Ljhd;
mwpag;gLfpwJ. vl;lhkplj;jpw;F
Ma[s; !;jhdk; vd;Dk; bghUs; cz;L.
xd;gjhk; ghtk; xUtdJ je;ijapd; epiyik/
mtd; FLk; gj;ijr@ rhh;e;j
bghpnahh;fspd; epiyik/
mf;FLk;gj;jpduhy; tplg;gl;l
mwf;fl;lisapd; jd;ik mtdJ Ke;ija
gpwtpapd; jd;ik/ mtdJ gnuhgfhu Fzk;/
bja;trf;jp/ beLe;J}ug; gaz';fs;/ td
thrk;/ kiy thrk;/ nguf;FHe;ijfs;/ mtdJ
,Lg;g[/ bjhilfs; Mfpatw;wpd; ,ay;g[fs;
vy;yhk; xd;gjhk; ghtk; vdg;gLk;
xd;gjhkplj;ijf; bfhz;L
jPh;khdpf;fg;gLfpd;wd. xd;gjhk;
,lj;jpw;F ghf;fpa !;jhdk;/ jh;k !;jhdk;
vd;Dk; bgah;fSk; cz;L.
gj;jhk; ghtk; xUtdJ bjhHpy;/
tpahghuk;/ cj;jpnahfk;/ ew;bray;fs;
my;yJ jPr@bray;fs;/ ,uf;fFzk;/
bry;tepiy my;yJ tWik epiy/ cghrid
vd;Dk; ,iwtHpghL/ Rw;Wg;
gpuahz';fs;/ ew;bgah;/ Mirfs;/ mts;
KH';fhy;fs; Mfpatw;wpd; jd;ikfs;
vy;yhk; gj;jhk; ghtk; vdg;gLk;
gj;jhk;; ,lj;ijf;bfhz;L
jPh;khdpf;fg;gLfpd;wd. gj;jhk; ,lj; Jf;F
bjhHpy;!;jhdk; my;yJ fh;k!; jhdk;
vd;Dk; bgaUk; cz;L.
gjpndhwhk; ghtk; xUtd; milaf;Toa
Mjha';fs;/ mtDila mz;zd;-mf;fhs; Mfpa
cld;gpwe;njhh;fs;/ mtd; mzpaf;Toa
Milfs;/ mzpfyd;fs;/ mtd; fy;tp/ Mde;jk;/
fhy;fs;/ fizf;fhy;fs; Mfpatw;wpd;
jd;ikfbsy;yhk; gjpndhwhk; ghtk;
vdg;gLk;. gjpndhwhk; ,lj;ijf; bfhz;L
jPh;khdpf;fg;gLfpd;wd. gjpndhwhk;
,lj;Jf;F ,yhg!; jhdk;/ \j;j rnfhju!;jhdk;
vd;Dk; bgah;fSk; cz;L.
gd;dpbuz;lhk; ghtk; xUtdpd;
brytpd';fs;/ e#l';fs;/ gLf;if Rfk;/
murh';f cj;jpnahfk;/ kiwKfkhd
gifth;fs;/ gifthfspd; jhf;Fjy;fs;/ mtdJ
ghj';fs;/ fhy;tpuy;fs;/ gaz';fs;/
mtDf;;Ff; fpl;lf;Toa Ma;t[ my;yJ
Xa;tpd;ik/ mtdJ ,lf;fz; Mfpatw;wpd;
jd;ikfs; vy;yhk; gd;dpbuz;lhk;; ghtk;
vdg;gLk; gd;dpbuz;lhk; ,lj;ijf; bfhz;L
jPh;khdpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
mj;Jld; mtdJ tpntf ituhf;fpa';fs;/ "hd
rhjidfs;/ nahf rhjidfs;/ $Ptd; Kf;jp
epiyapd; milt[ Mfpaita[k; gd;dpbuz;
lhk; ,lj;ijf;bfhz;nl mwpag;gLfpd;wd.
,e;j ,lj;Jf;F tpua !;jh dk;- nkhl;r!;jhdk;
vd;Dk; bgah;fSk; cs;sd.
thfd nahfk;*
thfd nahfk; xUtUf;F vg;go mika[k;
vd;gij 4 Mk; tPL/ 4 Mk; tPl;L mjpgjp/
Rf;fpud; Mfpatw;iw itj;J fz;lwpayhk;.
ehd;fhk; tPl;Lf;F mjpgjp/ g[jDld;
nrh;e;J Rgh;ghh;it bgw;W ehd;fhk;
tPl;oy; mkh;e;jpUe;jhYk; ey;y thfd
nahfj;ijj; jUk;.
Rf;fpud;/ ehd;fhk; tPl;L mjpgjp
,UtUk; ,ize;J 9 Mk; tPL/ 10 Mk;
tPl;oypUe;jhy;/ rpwe;j thfd';fis itj;J
mDgtpf;Fk; nahfk; Vw;gLk;.
yf;dj;jpy; tsh;gpiw re;jpuDld;/
ehd;fhk; tPl;L mjpgjp ,ize;J
mkh;e;jpUg;gJ rpwe;j thfdnahfk;
bgWk; mikg;ghFk;.
thfdfhufd; Rf;fpud;/ FU xd;gjhk;
tPl;ow;F mjpgjp Mfpnahh; b$d;k
yf;fpdj;jpy; mika bgw;why; mJ xU
rpwe;j thfd nahfkhFk;.
xUtUila b$dd $hjfj;jpy; ehd;F/ xd;gJ
Mfpa tPl;ow;F mjpgjpfs; ghpth;j;jid
bgw;wpUe;jhy;glF nghd;w fhh;
thfdkhf mika[k;.
tsh;gpiw re;jpud;/ yf;dj;jpw;F ,uz;lhk;
tPl;oy; my;yJ ehd;fhk; tPl;oy;
Rgfpuf';fSld; nrh;e;J mkh;e;jpUe;jhYk;
ey;y thfd nahfk; Vw;gLk;.
yf;dj;jpy; ehd;fhk; tPl;L mjp gjpa[k;/
Rf;fpuDk; Ml;rp/ cr@rk; bgw;W ,lk;
bgw;wpUe;jhy; thfd nahfk; mika[k;.
ehd;fhk; tPl;L mjpgjp nfe;jpuj;jpy;
epd;W me;j nfe;jpuj;Jf;F mjpgjp
yf;dj;jpy; epd;;why; rpwe;j thfdnahfk;
Vw;gLk;.
m';fj; Jog;g[fs;*
 Mh;.Nhpa ehuhaz \h;j;jp/
5/ Kjy; kho/ bt';fnl!;tuh gpy;o';/ <nuhL-1
kdpjdpd; gilg;g[ rhjhuzkhd
gilg;g[ my;y. xt;bthU kdpjdpd;
cUtj;jpYk;/ clypYk; ,e;j g{kpapd;
<h;g;g[ rf;jpf;Fk; xU rk;ge;jk; cz;L. xU
kdpjdpd; cauj;jpw;Fk; g{kpapd;
<h;g;g[ rf;jpf;Fk; mjpf rf;jp cz;L vd
Twyhk;. kpf cah;e;j kdpjd; vd;W
Twg;gLk; MW mof;F nky; tsh;e;jth;fs;
vy;yhk; gidkuk;nghy; jhd; thH;f;ifa[k;
mwpt[k; ntiy ghh;f;Fk;. mnj Fs;skhf
,Uf;Fk; kdpjDf;F mjpfkhf mwpt[k;/ fiy
rf;jpa[k; bgw;W ,Uf;fTLk;.
g[uhzj;jpy;Tl thkd mtjhuk; vLj;J
kfhgyp kd;ddplk; \d;W mo kz;; nfl;L
kd;did kz; ft;tr@ bra;jJk;/ rPdh/
$g;ghd; ,d kf;fs; Fs;skhf ,Ue;jhYk;
mth;fsJ mwptpay; mwpt[j; jpwDf;F
cyfnk jiytz';f itf;fpwJ.
kdpjDf;F Jd;gk; tUfpwJ vd;why;
rpyUf;F fdt[ \yk; mwpag;gLk;. rpyUf;F
cly; m';f';fs; Jog;g[fs; \yk;
mwpag;gLk;. kdpj cly; euk;g[/ jir/
,uj;jk; vYk;g[fs; \yk; cUthf;fg;gl;lit
vd;whYk; ekJ ,uj;j Xl;lKk;/ g{kpapd;
ePh; Xl;lj;jpw;Fk; xU rk;ge;jk; cz;L.
,jd; tHpahfj;jhd; ePh; Xl;lk; fz;L gpoj;J
fpzW btl;Lfpwhh;fs;. ekf;F VjhtJ xd;W
elf;fg;nghfpwJ vd;gij Kd; mwptpg;ghf
ekJ clypy; jirfs;/ euk;g[fs; Jof;fr@
bra;a[k;. tPl;L Kd;g[ fhfk; fiue;jhy;
cwtpdh; tUif ,Uf;Fk; vd;gij mwpnthk;.
mnjnghy cly; Jog;g[f;F vd;W rpy
gyd;fis ek; Kd;ndhh;fs; vGjp itj;J
cs;sdh;.
kfhghujj;jpy; ,e;jpud; me;jzh; cUtk;
vLj;J fh;zdplk; ftr Fz;lyk; nfl;L te;J
,Ug;ghh;. fh;;zd; jd;Dila jt typikapy;
te;J ,Ug;gth; ahh; vd;gij mwpe;J
bfhz;LtpLthh;. mth; btsptuj;
bjhl';Fk;nghJ mtuJ cilia fhy; kPjpapy;
rpf;fpg; nghf jil bra;a[k;. Nhpadpd;
mrhP \yk; mwptpf;Fk; nghfhnj Mgj;J
vd;W brhy;Yk; mija[k; kPwp ngha; ftr
Fz;lyj;ij jhdk; bra;J nghh;f; fsj;jpy;
khz;lJ vy;yhk; ekf;F mwpa[k;. mJnghy
Vnjh xU tifapy; ed;ikf;Fk;/ jPikf;Fk;
nrh;j;;Jj;jhd; ekJ m';f mirt[fs; \yk;
Jog;ig bfhLj;J czur@ bra;J ,Uf;fpwhd;
,iwtd;. ,dp m';f Jog;g[k;/ mjd; gyid
gw;wp a[k; ghh;g;nghk;.
fhuzk; ,it mwptpay; hPjpahf ghh;j;jhy;
ekJ clypy; ,Uf;Fk; uj;jk; jiyapd;
cr@rpapy; brd;W kw;w ghf';fSf;F
gphpe;J bry;Yk;nghJ gphpf;Fk;nghJ
jilfs;/ uj;jk; Fiwthf ,Uf;Fk;. gphpf;f
Koahky; nghFk;nghJ cr@@re;jiy Jof;f
nehpLk;. ,jd; gyd;.
gyd;fs; bjhHpypy; gjtpfs;/ TLjy;
bghWg;g[fs; te;J nrUk;. nky;
mjpfhhpaplk; jpl;L th';ff;TLk;. g[jpa
bjhHpy; Jt';f jpl;lk; ,Uf;Fk;. gjtpfspy;
ghjfk; elf;fyhk;. gjtp ,wf;fk; Vw;gLk;.
bjhHpypy; jirfs; cUthFk;. ,it mRg gyid
juf;TLk;.
fhuzk; rpyh; njitaw;w fw;gidfs;
bra;a[k;nghJ uj;j mGj;jk; jiyapy;
,Ue;J ,w';Fk;nghJ bew;wpapy; ,Uf;Fk;
euk;g[f;F Fiwthd uj;jk;; bry;Yk;nghJk;
bew;wp euk;g[f;F uj;j mjpfk;
njitg;gLtjhy; euk;g[ Jof;Fk;/ bew;wp
Jof;Fk;.
gyd;fs; epidj;j fhhpak; btw;wpiaj;
juf;TLk;. gyuJ ghuhl; Lf;fs;/g[jpa
gjtpfs; tuf;TLk;. vjpYk; btw;wp
cz;lhFk;. Kd;gpd; mwpKfk; ,y;yhjth;
\yk; cah;t[ epiyf;Ff; bfhz;L bry;Yk;.
gzk; if epiwa tuf;TLk;.
fhuzk; fz; tpHp euk;g[fSf;F mjpf uj;jk;
brd;whYk; uj;jk; Fiw thfr@ brd;whYk;
g[Utf;fz;fs; Jof;fr@ bra;a[k;. ,it ve;j
ghfk; vd;gij bghWj;J cs;sJ.
tyJfz; Rgr@bra;jpfs; te;J nrUk;. jpUkz
Kaw;rp ifTLk;. ey;yth;fs; cjt Kd;
tUthh;fs;. tpilbjhpahj f#lj;jpw;F
epth;j;jp gyd; ,Uf;Fk;. gz tut[ cz;lhFk;.
,lJ fz; mRg gyd; ,Uf;Fk;. kuzr@ bra;jp
tUk;. gz ,Hg;g[/ tPz; ciHg;g[/ gzk;
jpUl;L/ f#lk; juf;Toa ez;gh; tUif/ bfhLj;j
fld; jpUk;ghJ.
fhuzk; ekJ Kfj;jpw;F rhpahdgo uj;jk;
Xl;lk; ,y;iy vd;why; Kfthl;lk; ,Uf;Fk;.
rPuhd uj;jk; Xl;lk; Fiwe;jhYk; mjpfk;
MdhYk; Jog;g[fs; Vw;glr@ bra;a[k;
mjd;go...
gyd;fs; ,';F ed;ika[k;/ jPika[k;
fye;Jjhd;brhy;yg;gLfpwJ. mjhtJ
Kw;gFjpapy; ed;ika[k;/ gpw;gFjpapy;
jPika[k; cUthFk;. ,it nrUk; egh;/ g[jpa
Kaw;rp/ jpl;lk; bray;gl epidf;Fk;nghJ
ftdpf;f ntz;Lk;.
fhuzk; kdk;/ ,jak;/ ,uj;jk; ,it \d;Wk;
rhpahd Kiwapy; ,y;iy vd;why;
khh;g[ g[$k; Jof;fr@ bra;a[k;. ,jpy;
kdk; Kf;fpa g';F tfpf;fpwJ.
gyd;fs; v';fhtJ rz;il/ rr@rut[fs; njhd;wp
ek; jiyapy; tpGk; my;yJ g";rhaj;J bra;a
ntz;oa epiy cUthFk;. kd ,Hg;g[/ tPz;
miyr@ry;/ Jf;f bra;jp/ vjpYk; jilfs;/
FWf;fPLfs; njhd;wpf; bfhz;L ,Uf;Fk;.
fod ciHg;ig fhl;l ntz;o tUk;.
fhuzk; kdr@nrhh;t[ \yk; uj;jk; bry;tJ
fhyjhkjk; Vw;gLk;. ,Ug;gpd; mjpf
ntiyfs; iffSf;F bfhLj;jhYk; Jog;g[fs;
cUthFk;.
,lJ if gzr@ bryt[/ Vkhw;wk;/
vjph;ghh;g;g[ epiwntwhky; nghFk;.
tha; thh;j;ijfs; ftdkhf gad;gLj;j ntz;Lk;.
if bghUs; ,Hg;g[ Vw;gLk;.
tyJ if bry;tk;/ bry;thf;F/ ghuhl;L/ g[fH;
TLk;. njitfs; midj;Jk; g{h;j;jpahFk;.
gazk; bry;y ntz;o tUk;. fld; ghf;fp tNy;
MFk;.
$hjfg; bghUj;jk;*
KUF ghyKUfd; b$kpdp ghh;rd; fkh;rpay;
fhk;g;sf;!;/
1/ nfhlk;ghf;fk; beL";rhiy/ brd;id-6;.
brt;tha; njh#k; etf;fpuf';fspy; k';fsd;
vdg;gLk; jPf;fpufkhd brt;thahdth;
jpUkz thH;tpw;F cfe;j !;jhd';fshd 2/ 4/
7/ 8/ 12 ,tw;wpy; mikag; bgw;why;
njh#k; cz;lhfpwJ. jpUkzg; bghUj;jk;
ghh;f;fpd;wnghJ Mqf;nfh/ bgz;qf;nfh
brt;tha; njh#k; ,Ue;jhYk;
brt;tha;njh#Ks;s tuid ghh;j;jhy;jhd;
kzthH;t[ kfpH;r@rp epiwe;jjhf
,Uf;fpwJ. ,UtUf;Fk; brt;tha; njh#k;
,Uf;fntz;Lk;. my;yJ ,UtUf;Fk; brt;tha;
njh#k; ,Uf;ff;TlhJ. mg;go xUtUf;F
brt;tha; njh#k; ,Ue;J kw;wtUf;F
brt;tha; njh#k; ,y;yhky; ,Ue;jhy;
brt;tha; njh#k; cs;stUf;F brt;tha; jpir
brt;tha; g[j;jp te;jhy; fz;og;ghf gphpt[
gpur@rpid capUf;nf fz;lk; cz;lhfpwJ.
Vf jpir jpUkz bghUj; j';fs;
ghh;f;fpd;wnghJ kzkfd;/ kzkfs;
,UtUf;Fk; xnu jpir xnu g[j;jp elf;ff;TlhJ.
mg;go eilbgw;why; fLikahd
nrhjidfisa[k;/ beUf;fofisa[k;
vjph;bfhs;s nehpLk;. el;rj;jpug;
bghUj;;j';fs; kpft[k; mw;g[jkhf
,Ue;jhYk; ,UtUf;Fk; xnu jpir g[j;jp
eilbgWtJ ey;yjy;y. ,U tUf;Fk; jprh
g[j;jp ,ilntis 3 tUl';fSf;F nky; ,Ue;jhy;
jpUkzk; bra;ayhk; vd;W rpyh;
TWfpwhh;fs;. ,Ue;jhYk; xU 10 tUlk;
,ilntis ,Ue;jhy;jhd; kz
thH;t[ kfpH;r@rpahf ,Uf;fpwJ.
fsj;jpu njh#k; bghJthf b$d;k
yf;dj;jpw;F 7-kplk; fsj;jpu !;jhdk;
MFk;. fsj;jpu !;jhdj;jpy; ghtpfs;
NH;e;jpUe;jhy; (1-f;Fk; nkw;gl;l ght
fpuf';fs;) fsj;jpunjh#k; Vw;gLfpwJ.
fsj;jpunjh#k; cs;stUf;F fsj;jpu njh#k;
cs;s tiuj;jhd; jpUkzk; bra;a ntz;Lk;.
rh;g;g njh#k; rh;g;g fpufk; vd
th;zpf;fg;gLk; uhF/ nfJ ,UtUnk fLikahd
njh#j;ij Vw;gLj;Jfpwhh;fs;. b$d;k
yf;dj;jpw;F 7/ 8-y; uhF/ nfJ mikfpd;w
nghJk;/ 7-k; mjpgjp uhF nrh;f;if
bgw;W uhF/ nfJ gpof;Fs; vy;yh fpufKk;
milgLk;nghJk; uhF/ nfJthy; rh;g;g
njh#k; cz;lhfpwJ. Fwpg;ghf jpUkz
tajile;j neuj;jpy; uhF/ nfJ jpir
eilbgw;whYk; fLikahd njh#k;
cz;lhfpwJ. mg;go njh#k;
cz;lhfpapUe;jhy; njh#k; cs;s egUf;nf
jpUkzk; bra;J itf;f ntz;Lk;. njh#k;
,y;yhj egUf;F jpUkzk; bra;Jitj;jhy;
kzthH;tpy; ghjpg;g[k; gpur@rpida[k;
cz;lhfpwJ.
g[j;jpu njh#k; b$d;k yf;dj;jpw;F 5-k;
tPL g[j;jpu !;jhdkhFk;. kzkfd;/
kzkfs; ,UtUf;Fk; bghUj;jk;
ghh;f;fpd;wnghJ xU tUf;F
rpwpjst[ g[j;jpu njh#k; ,Ue;jhy;
njh#k; ,y;yhj tuid ghh;g;gJjhd; ey;yJ.
Fwpg;ghf ,UtUf;Fnk g[j;jpu njh#k;
mikag; bgw;Wtpl;lhy; g[j;jpu
ghf;fpak; vd;gJ mhpajhfptpLk;.
cjhuzkhf xUtUf;F fLikahd g[j;jpu
njh#k; ,Ue;jhy; g[j;jpunjh#k; ,y;yhj
tuidg; ghh;j;J jpUkzk; bra;tJjhd;
cj;jkk;. el;rj;jpug; bghUj;j';fs; kpft[k;
mw;g[jkhf ,Ue;;jhYk; ,UtUf;Fk; g[j;jpu
ghf;fpaj;ij gw;wp fz;og;ghf ghh;f;f
ntz;Lk;.
kh';fy;a ghf;fpak; bgz;fSf;F b$d;k
yf;dj;jpw;F 8-k; tPL
kh';fy;a !;jhdkhFk;. 8-k; tPl;ljpgjp
Ml;rp cr@rk; bgw;whYk;/ 8-y;
Rgfpuf';fs; mikag; bgw;whYk; ghh;it
bgw;whYk; ePz;l kh';fy;a ghf;fpak; cz;
;lhFk;. xU Mz; kfDf;F Ma[s; ghtk;
gykpHe;J ,Uf;Fk; rkaj;;jpy; ey;y
kh';fy;a ghf;fpaKs;s bgz; ghh;j;J
jpUkzk; bra;fpd;wnghJ me;j Mz;
kfdpd; Ma[s;/ Mnuhf;fpak; tpUj;jp
milfpd;wJ. me;j bgz;zhy; Mqf;F nahfk;
cz;lhfpwJ. mJnt xU bgz;zpd; $hjfj;jpy;
fLikahd kh';;fy;a njh#k; mikag;
bgw;Wtpl;lhy; mg;bgz;qf;F tud;
ghh;f;fpd;wnghJ Rkhuhd Mz; $hjfk;
ghh;j;jhy; bgz;zpd; kh';fy;a njh#j;jhy;
fztid ,Hf;ff;Toa mty epiy
cz;lhfpwJ.bgz; $hjfj;jpy; 8-k; tPl;oy;
ghtpfs; mikag;bgw;why; Fwpg;ghf
rdp/ brt;tha;/ Nhpad;/ uhF/ nfJ nghd;w
ghtpfs; mikag; bgw;whYk; rdp/
brt;tha; nghd;w ghtfpuf';fs; ghh;it
bra;jhYk; kh';fy;anjh#k; cz;lhfpwJ.
kh';fy;anjh#k; cs;s bgz;qf;F ey;y
Ma[s; gyKs;s Mizj;jhd; jpUkzk;
bra;Jitf;fntz;Lk;.
cah;itj; jUk; cr;r fpuf';fs;*
xU $hjfj;jpy; xU fpufk; cr@rkhfpy;
me;j $hjfDf;F Jd;g';fs; tpyfpLk;. ,uz;L
fpuf';fs; cr@rk; bgWk;nghJ uh$;a
mjpfhuKz;L. \d;W fpufk;
cr@rbkdpy; \d;W gilf;Fk; jiytdhf
rf;uth;j;jp nahfk; bgWthd;. ehd;F
fpu';fs; cr@rk; bgw;why; yl;Rkp
jhz;ltk; mghpkpjkhf fhqk;. Ie;J
fpuf';fs; cr@rkhfpy; bja;tg;
gpwg;gpduhft[k;/ cyif MSk; jd;ika[ila
tuha[k; ,Ug;gh;.
Mdhy; cr@rk; bgWk; fpuf';fs; xUtiu
xUth; ghh;itapl;lhy; nahfgyd; Fiwa[k;.
nkYk; yf;fpdj;jpw;F 6/8/1/ 12 y;
cr@rkhdhYk;/ uhrpapy; cr@rkhfp
mk;rj;jpy; ePrkhdhYk; uznahfk;
fpl;lhJ.
xt;bthU fpufKk; cr@rkhf ,Uf;f
gpwe;jth;fs; mila[k; nahf';fisf;
fhz;nghk;
Nhpad; cr@rkhfg; gpwe;jth;
muRhpika[k;/ kpFe;j guhf;fpuKk;/
nehapy;yh ika[k;/ jd jhd;aKk;/ ehdhtpj
thfd';fisa[k; bgw;W thH;th;. re;jpud;
cr@rkhfg; gpwe;jth; ey;y kdJk;/
g[j;jpu tpUj;jpa[k;/ midthplj;Jk;
md;g[k;/ jhdpa yhgKk;/ mjpf nghfKk;/
mnef bgz; rpnefKk; cilath;.
brt;tha; cr@rkhfg; gpwe;jth; fzf;fpy;
ty;ytdha[k;/ ,irj;Jiw epg[zuhft[k;/ E}W
taJ tiu thH;thh;.
g[jd; cr@rkhfg; gpwe;jth; cyfj;jpy;
ePz;l Ma[Sld; thH;e;J/ midthplKk;
jat[ fhl;o/ kpFe;j tpntf guhf;fpukj;JlDk;
,Ue;J g[fHilthh;.
FU cr@rk; bgw;W gpwe;jth;
uh$nahfKk;/ jpuz;l bry;tKk;/ bgz;fs;
rpnefKk; cilath;.
Rf;fpud; cr@rkhfg; gpwe;jth;
jputpaKk;/ bgz; nahfKk;/ FHe;ijfSk;/
fiya[k;/ gog;g[k; cilath;. rdp
cr@rkhapUf;fg; gpwe;jth; jPh;f;f
Ma[Sk;/ rt[ghf;fpaKk;/
td;ika[k;/,d;gKk;/ bghd; bghUs;
bfhz;Lk; gilf;Fj; jiythda[k; tps';Fthh;.
nfJ cr@rkhfg; gpwe;jtd; ntj';fspy;
gapw;rp bgw;wpUg;ghd;.

etf;fpuf';fSk; 12 ght';fSk;
(KUF ghyKUfd;/B.com.B.L.
b$kpdp ghh;rd; fkh;rpay; fhk;g;sf;!;/
E-1 Kjy; jsk;/ 1/ nfhlk;ghf;fk; beL";rhiy/
brd;id-6)
etf;fpuf';fspd; mUshy; ehk; gy;ntW
gyh gyd;fisa[k;/ jPik fisa[k;
bgWfpnwhk;. b$dd fhyj;jpy; fpufj;jpy;
gyKk; typika[nk ek;ik Ml;og; gilf;fpwJ
vd;gij mwptPh;fsh>
bghJthf xt;bthU fpufKk; jdJ jdpj;jd;ik
apid bgw;W tps';F fpwJ. cjhuzj;jpw;F
Nhp aid vLj;Jf; bfhz;lhy; je;ij/
murh';fk;/ njf Mnuhf;fpak;/ $Ptd;
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gak; bfhs;shky; jdJ fUj;ij bjs;s bjspthf
vLj;J TWk; Mw; wy; rf;jp ,e;j
f$nfrhpf;F cz;L.
jdf;F czt[ njit vd;why; rp';fk;
ntl;ilahLtJ nghy; ahuhtJ gzk; itj;J
,Ug;gtdplk; ntl;ilaho gpL';FtJ nghy;
gzk; nfl;ghh;fs;. gzj;jpw;fhf bf";rp
Tj;jhlkhl;lhh;fs;. njit vd;gij Tl
KGf;fhrzk; fhl;l khl;lhh;fs;. bghJthf
,th;fs; gzk; nfl;L ,y;iy vd;W ahUk;
brhy;y khl; lhh;fs;. ahid filapy; ngha;
fhRf ;fhf epw;Fk;. filf;fhuh; kw;w ntiy
vy;yhk; tpl;Ltpl;L clnd ahidaplk; fhR
vLj;J bfhLg;ghh;. ,J nghyjhd; f$nfrhp
nahfk; cs;s th;fs; fhR nfl;lhy; ,y;iy
vd;W gjpy; Twhky; gzj;ij vLj;J ePl;L
thh;fs;.
gzk; Ms; gyk; ,J ,Ue;jhy; nghJk; xU
fl;rp elj;;j. vdnt xU th; murpaypy;
cah;e;j jiy tdhf ,e;j nahfk; mtrpak;
njitg; gLfpwJ.
f$nfrhp nahfk; ,Ug;gth; fSf;F jdf;F
fPH; cjtp bra;af; Toa ntiy Ml;fs;
gf;fj;jpy; ,Ug;ghh;. me;jntiy Ms; mtuJ
eydpy; Tl mf;fiw fhl;;lhky;
vt;tst[ f#l';fisa[k; jh';fpf; bfhz;L
,Ug;ghh;fs;.vdf;F ;.
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khl;lhh;fs;. mnj nghy; f#lk;/ Jd;gk;
jh';fhky; jw;bfhiy bra;J bfhs;s
khl;lhh;fs;. gpwUf;F cjtp bra;a[k; Fzk;
bfhz;lth;. flt[spd; mDf; fpufk; vd;Wk;
epiwe; ;jth;.,th;fSf;F Jd;gk; vd;gJ
rpwpa fhyk;. rpwpa neuk; kl;Lnk
,Uf;Fk;. ve;jtpjkhd Jd;gKk; vspjpy;
tpyfp tpLk;
,th;fs; mwpKfk; MFk; nghnj kdjpy;
ngha; epd;W tpLthh;fs;. thH; tpy;
kwf;f Koahj eguhf ,Ug;ghh;. clypy; jdp
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,thplk; moikfs; Vd;> vd;w nfs;tp
nfl;fhky; md;g[f;F mo ikg;gl;L rpyh;
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bra;J tpl;;lhy; kdjpy; t";rk; itj;nj gHp
vLj;J tpLthh;fs;. jdJ Fwpf; nfhis
miltjpy; Fwpahf ,Ug; ghh;fs;. epidj;jij
rhjpj;nj jPu ntz;Lk; vd;w vz;zk; bfhz;l
th;.
f$nfrhp nahfk; cs;sth;fs;/ jPa fhhpak;
bra;jhy; Tl ahUk; ek;g khl;lhh;fs;.
gpwh; bghUis jpUo tpl;lhy; Tl clnd
kd;dpj;J tpL thh;fs;. tPz;gHpfs;
kw;wth;fs; brhy;y khl;lhh;fs;. mnj
nghy; v';nf bfhLik ele;jhYk; clnd jl;of;
nfl;f ja';f khl;lhh;fs;. ahUf;Fk;
gag;glkhl;lhh;fs;.kd ijhpak; mst[f;F
mjpfkhf ,Uf;Fk;. jd;D bfsutj;jpw;fhf
m";rp elg;gth;fs;. ,th;fsplk; ,th;fis
Rw;wp vg;nghJk; xU gj;J Ie;J ngh; ,Ue;J
bfhz;nl ,Ug; ghh;fs;. ,th;fSf;F ntz;oaJ
vy;yhk; ,aw;ifahfnt fpilf;Fk;. bja;t
mUs; bfhz;lth;.
,ij tpl ,d;Dk; epiwa brhy; yyhk;. rhp
,t;tst[ rpwg;g[ tha;e;j f$nfrhp nahfk;
vg;go ,Uf;f ntz;Lk; vd;why; xUtuJ
$hjfj; jpy; re;jpuDf;F 1/ 4/ 7/ 10-y; FU
epd;W ,Uf;fntz;Lk;. ,yf;dk; fzf;F my;y.
re;jpuDf;F 1/ 7-y; FU epd;W ,Ue;jhy;
 Kf;fhy; g';F nahfk; cs;sJ. ,e;j nahfj;jpd;
bgUikfis brhy;tijtpl mjid jpdKk;
mDgtpf;Fk; nghJ jhd; ,jd; kfj;Jtk;
bjhpa tUk;.

gzf;fhu nahfk;
(v!;.uhk\h;j;jp/
25/g[.vz;-1/ nejh$pbjU/
nkyfy;fz;lhh; nfhl;il/ jpUr@rpuhg;gs;sp-11.)
xU kdpjD ila $hjfj;jpy; gytpj khd
nahf';fs; mika bgw;whYk; gztrjp Vw;
gLjtw;Fhpa nahf';fs; mika
bgw;why;jhd; mtd; rKjhaj;jpy; rfy
trjpfSld; thHKoa[k;. Mdhy;
vy;nyhUf;Fk; ,e;j
mikg;g[ Vw;gLtjpy;iy. ,e;j gzf;fhu
nahfj;ij Fwpg;gpLk; fpuf epiyfspy;
rpytw;iw ,';F ghh;g;nghk;.
xU $hjfj;jpy; xd;gjhk; tPl; ow;F
mjpgjpa[k;/ ehd;fhk; tPl; ;ow;F
mjpgjpa[k; ,ize;J v';F fhzg;gl;lhYk;
jpobud;W jd nahfk; vjph;ghuhky;
Vw;gLk;.
NhpaDk;/nfJt[k; nrh;e;J11y; ,Uf;f
vjph;ghuhj jd nahfk; Njhl;lk;/ nu!;
nghd;w Kiw fspy; Vw;gLk;. FU ,th;fis
ghh;j;jhy; bghpa bjhif fpilf; Fk;.
NhpaDf;F xd;gjpy; re;jpud; ,Uf;f gy
tpjj;jpy; bghUs; nrUk;. yf;fpdj;jpw;F
,uz;oy; Nhpad; ,Ue;J rdpiaj; jtpu
kw;wth;fs; ghh;f;fff epiwe;j jdnahfk;
Vw;gLk;.
yf;dj;jpw;F ,uz;oy; rdp ,Uf;fffff mtiu
g[jd; ghh;f;f $hjfh; yl;rhjpgjp Mthh;.
ve;j yf;dj;jpy; gpwe;J ,Ue;jhYk;
2/9/10/11 Mk; tPL fspy; fpuf';fs; #l;
gyj;Jld; fhzg;gl;lhy; me;j $hjfh; kpFe;j
bry;tj;Jld; epiw thd thH;f;if thH;thh;.
rfl nahfk; mika bgw;w $hjfj;jpy;
re;jpud; flfj;jpy; my;yJ jDR my;yJ
kPdj;jpy; mike;jhy; mJ KFlh nahfk;
vdg;gLk;. ,e;j mikg;g[ cs;sth;fs; jpOh;
gzf; fhuh; MfptpLthh;fs;.
yf;dj;jpy; re;jpud;
$p.rptiryk;
7/ kpy;yh;!; nuhL/ brd;id-600010
1. re;jpud; yf;dj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy;
ey;y mHfd;/ fPh;j;jp cs;sth;/
g[j;jprhyp/ kidtpf;fpdpah;/
Fsph;r@rpahd rhPuk; cilath;/ ey;y fz;
mikg;g[ilath;/ $ynjh#k; mof;fo
Vw;gl;L cghijjUk;.
2. re;jpud; yf;dj;jpw;F mLj;j ,uz;lhtJ
,y;yj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy;
yl;Rkp flhl;rk; cilath; vd;gjhy; ,tiu
bry;te;jh; vd;nw brhy;yyhk;. rkaj;jpw;
Fj;jf;fgo ngRk; jpwikahy; ,th;
fhhpaj;ijr@ rhjpj;Jf; bfhs;thh;. bghpa
FLk;gj;ij cilath;fs;/ fz; mHfh;/
bgz;fspd; nerKilath;. bkhj;jj;jpy; gy
ngh; nghw;wpg; g[fHf;Toa fPh;j;jpia
cilath; vd;whYk; kpifahfhJ.
3. \d;whtJ ,y;yj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy;
mLj;jLj;J bgz; rnfhjhp cila
tuhapUg;ghh;. fy;tpj;njh;r@rp cilath;/
cld; gpwe;jth;fs; flik jtwhjth;/ m";rh
be";rk; bfhz;lth;/ gpuahzg;gphpah;/
gzj;ijr@ brytpL tjpy; rpf;fd Kiwiaf; ifah
Sgth;/ ge;jpapy; ngrf;Tr@r Kilath;/
kidtpia nerpg;gth;/ \y rk;ge;jkhd c#z
tpahjp xd;W gPof;Fk;.
4. ehd;fhtJ ,y;yj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy;
tprhykhd khlkhspif tPl;il cilath;. gyiu
Mjhpj;Jf; fhg;ghw;wf; Toath;/ ey;y
FzKilath;/ ey;y fy;tpkhd;/ Rf $Ptp.
epiwa brhj;J cilath;/ irf;fps;/ !;Tl;lh;/
fhh; nghd;wthfdk; cilath;. ePz;lehs;
caph; thGk; jhiaa[k;/ ey;y cwtpdiua[k;
cilath;/ ey;y ez;gh;.
5. Ie;jhtJ ,y;yj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy;
ey;y fy;tpkhd;/ Njhl;lj;jpy; tpUg;gk;
cz;L. khe;jphPf <LghL cz;L. jw;bgUik
cilatuhf ey;y thh;j;ij fis ,dpf;fg;
ngRthh;. fiy ahh;tk; cilath;. mHfhd
bgz; mika[k;. vy;nyhuhYk; tpUk;gf;
Toath;. bra;bjhHpypy; mjpf yhgk;
fhqk;. bgz; re;jjp mjpfk; ,Uf; Fk;.
rpw;wpd;gg; gphpah;.
6. MwhtJ ,y;yj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy;
"hgf rf;jp Fiwt[/ kJghdg;gphpah;/
,Ujhu nahfKilath;/ bjhHpy; tpUj;jp
cs;sth;. vLj;j fhhpaj;ij Kof;Fk;
FzKs;sth;. flf yf;df;fhuuhapd; n$hjpl
"hdk; cilath;/ jPuhj fld;/ gifth;/ gpzp
tHf;F ,Ue;Jbfhz;nlapUf;Fk;. nrhk;gy;
Fo bfhz;oUf;Fk;. cly; tpahjpiatpl kndh
tpahjp mjpfkhf ,Uf;Fk;.
7. VHhtJ ,y;yj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy;
bgUk;ghYk; ,th;fSf;F fhjy; jpUkznk
eilbgWk;. Mzhapd; mHfpa kidtpiaa[k;/
bgz;zhapd; mHfpa fztida[k; bgWtJ
cz;L. bgz; $hjfj;jpy; VHpy; re;jpud;
,Ue;jhy; mg;bgz; bewp jtw
tha;g;g[ Vw;gLk;. mtSila fztDf;Fk;
rPjs nuhfk; Vw;gLk;. FU ghh;it
mr@re;jpuDf;F Vw;god; ,jw;Fg
ghpfhuk; cz;L. ,y;iy vd;why;
r';flk;jhd;.
8. vl;lhtJ ,y;yj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy;
$yfz;lk; Vw;gLk;. M!;Jkh/ lhd;!py;!;
nghd;w rPjs tpahjpfs; gpof;Fk;. fz;
cghij ,Uf;Fk;. kidtpapd; \yk; brhj;J
nrUk;/ Rabrhj;J mHpa[k;. bkype;j
rhPuk; Vw;gLk;. jha[ld; gif Vw;gLk;
jha;f;Fk; Ma[s; Fiwt[. flDk; kiwKf
vjphpa[k; cz;L. re;jjp Fiwt[/ rpW
FLk;gk; mika[k;.
9. xd;gjhtJ ,y;yj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy;
ey;y Rghtk; cilath;/ nfhgnk tuhJ/
gyh; ,tiu ey;yth; vd;nw nghw;wpg;
g[fH;th;. vj;JiwapYk; btw;wp bgWth;.
ey;y Mnuhf;fpak; cilath;. gpj;j rhPuk;
cs;sth; vd;gjhy; rpW tpahjpfs; mof;fo
njhd;wf; TLk;. vdpDk; mJ ghjpf;fhJ.
10. re;jpud; yf;dj;jpw;F gj;jhtJ
,y;yj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy;
e";irg; gaph; tptrhak; bra;tjpy;
<LgLth;. rpyh; tpJ}#fuhft[k;/ rfy fyh
tpw;gd;dh; Mft[k; jpfH;th;. rk
nahrpjk;nghy vy;nyhhplKk; ed;F
gHFth;. eog;gjpy; jpwikrhyp/ fg;gy;
tpahghuk; (mhprp/ czt[ gz;lk;)
flypypUe;J fz;blLf;Fk; Kj;J/ (gtsk;/
cg;g[ kPd; tif) ,itfspd; tpahgh uj;jpYk;
mjpf yhgk; bgWth;.;.
11. re;jpud; yf;dj;jpw;F gjpndhuhk;
,y;yj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy;
gytif tpj;ijfspy; rpwe;jth;/ cah;e;j
nehf;fk; bfhz;lth;. ey;y g[j;jpkhd;/
bry;ttsKk; cilath;. Ms; moik cs;sth;.
jPh;f;fha[s; cilath;/ bghpa FLk;g!;jh;/
ey;y ez;gh; vg;nghJk; cz;L. Njhl;lj;jpy;
gphpak; cz;L. fiy/fhtpak;
nghd;witfspy; Mh;tk; bfhz;lth;.
12. re;jpud;yf;dj;jpw;F gd;dp
buz;lhtJ ,y;yj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy;
cly; mikg;gpy; VjhtJ xU m';f QPdk;
,Uf;Fk;. ,th; ehzak; jtWgtuhf
,Ug;gh;. ,th; jpwik ,';F gpufhrkhf
,Uf;fpwJ. Mdhy; mtUila g[fH;
may;ehLfspy; gpugykhfg; gut[k;. mjpf
cwtpdh; cz;L. bgz;fshy; mjpf mgthjk;
Vw;gLk;.
nahff;fhud;
Mh;.Nhpa ehuhaz \h;j;jp vz; 5/ Kjy; kho/
bt';fnl!;tuh gpy;o';/ fhis khL rpiy mUfpy;/
<nuhL-638001
xU rpwpa bgl;of;filf;;fhuh; jpdKk;
E}W +gha; tUkhdk; bgwf; Toath;.
jd;Dila ciHg;ghy; kpfg;bghpa bjhHpy;
mjpgh; Mfpwhh;. xU \l;il J}f;Fk;
bjhHpyhsp jd;Dila ciHg;ghy; ehSf;F
ehs; cah; tile;J Kd;ndw;wk; mile;jhh;.
xUth; gpwf;Fk;nghnj bgUk; gzf;fhu
FLk;gj;jpy; gpwe;jhh;. jd;Dila
thH;ehspy; grp/ gl;odp vd;Wk;/ tWik
vd;Wk; ghh;f;fhjth;. ,njnghy; bry;t
rPkhdha; thH;e;j FLk;gj;jpy;
gpwe;jth;. j';fj;jl;L/ bts;sp/ lk;shpy;
rhg;gpl;lth;. ehSf;F ehd; mthplk; ,Ue;j
bry;tk; Fiwe;J eLj;bjUt[f;F te;Jtpl;lhh;.
xU kdpjhpd; Kd;ndw;wk;/
gpd;ndw;wk; cah;t[/ jhH;t[/ mjph;#lk;/
Ju jpU#lk; vd;W ghh;f;Fk;nghJ xUtuJ
$hjfj;jpy; nahff; fhud; epd;w ,lj;ij
bghWj;nj mikfpwJ.
nahfk;/ uh$nahfk; vd;W TWfpnwhk;.
nahfk; vd;why; vd;d> uh$ nahfk;
vd;why; vd;d> vd;w Iaj;ij nghf;f
c';fSf;F rpy cjh uz';fis brhy;fpnwd;.
gHk; eGtp/ njdpy; tpGe;J mg;gona ek;
Kila thapy; tpGe;Jtpl;lhy; ,it
uh$nahfk; vd;W Twyhk;. rhg;gpl
epidj;j gHk; ifeGtp njdpy; tpGe;Jtpl;lJ
vd;why; njdpy; tpGe;j gHj;ij ehk; jhd;
vLj;J rhg;gplntz;Lk;. ,it nahfk; vd;W
Twyhk;. nahfk; vd;gJ gog;goahf
jd;Dila ciHg;ghy; Kd;ndw;wk; mile;J
cah;t[ epiyf;F tUtJk;/ ve;jtpj khd
ciHg;g[kpd;wp kw;wth; fspd;
ciHg;ghy; Kd;ndw;wk; miltJkhFk;.
mjph;#lk;/ fhy neuk; rhjfkhf;fp
gad;gLj;jp Kd;ndw;wk; miltJ
uh$nahfk; vdg;gLk;. ,e;j uh$ nahfj;ij
mDgtpf;Fk; rf;jpia jUtJ nahff;fhud;
vd;nw Twntz;Lk;.
xUtuJ $hjfj;jpy; nahff;fhud; Rgh;
tPl;oy; ,Ue;J Rg !;jhdk; bgw;W/ Ml;rp
cr@rk; bgw;W ,Ue;jhy; nghJk; $hjfh;
ey;y tsj;njhL thH;thh; vd;W Twyhk;.
xUtuJ b$dd yf;dj;ijf; bfhz;L me;j
yf;dj;jpw;F Vw;g nahff;fhud;fs; ahh;
ahh; vd;W ghh;g;nghk;.
yf;dk; nahff;fhud;
nk#k; - Nhpad;/ FU.
hp#gk; - rdp
kpJdk; - Rf;fpud;
flfk; - brt;tha;
rpk;kk; - Rf;fpud;/ brt;tha;
fd;dp - g[jd;/ Rf;fpud;
Jyhk; - rdp/ g[jd;
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jDR - Nhpad;/ g[jd;
kfuk; - Rf;fpud;
Fk;gk; - Rf;fpud;
kPdk; - FU.
nkw;fz;l yf;dj;jpw;Fk; me;j
yf;dj;jpw;Fhpa fpuf';fisf; fhz;nghk;.
xUrpy Fwpg;gpl;lyf;dj;jpw;F ,uz;L
fpuf';fs; nrh;e;J nahfk; juf;Toa
yf;dj;jpw;F mt;tpUfpuf';fs; nrh;e;J
ey;y typiknahL ,Uf;f ntz;Lk;. ey;y
epiyapy; nrh;e;J ,Uf;Fk; fpuf';fs;
kpft[k; rf;jp tha;e;j nahf gyid
juf;Toait. mjd;go ,g;gog;gl;l yf;d';fs;;/
mjw;Fhpa fpuf';fs; vit vd;W
ghh;g;nghk;.
nk# yf;dk; Nhpad;/ FU ,UtUk;
nrh;e;J ,Ug;gJk; my;yJ xUtUf;bfhUth;
ghh;it bra;tJk; cah;thd uh$nahfj;ij
juf;Toa mk;rk; bfhz;lth;. ,jpy; xUth;
Ml;rp/ cr@rk; bgw;W nrh;e;J ,Ue;jhy;
bghJkf;fs; bry;thf;F bgw;W
,Ug;ghh;fs;.
flf yf;dk; brt;tha;/ FU nrh;e;J ,Ug;gJk;
xUtUf;bfhUth; ghh;j;jhYk;; bghpa
nahfk; vd;ghh;fs;. ,th;fs; ehl;ilna fl;o
MSk; rf;jp bgw;wth;. jhd; ,Uf;Fk;
,lj;jpy; jiyik Kjd;ik ,lkhf ,Ug;ghh;fs;.
rpk;k yf;dk; brt;tha;/ Rf;fpud;
nrh;e;J ,Ug;gJ mRg gyid jUthh; fs;.
Mdhy; ,th;fs; xUtUf;bfhUth; ghh;j;Jf;
bfhz;lhy; jpUf;gyk; Vw;gl;L murDf;F
rkkhf thH;f;if Vw;gLk;. ,jpy; ,UtUk;
ePrk; bgwhkYk;/ bflhkYk; ghh;j;Jf;
bfhs;s ntz;Lk;.
fd;dp yf;dk; g[jd;/ Rf;fpud; To ,Ue;jhy;
kl;Lnk uh$nahfk; cz;lhFk;. ,jpy; ,UtUk;
ePrk;/ kiwt[ !;jhd';fspy; ,Uf;ff;TlhJ.
g[jd;/ Rf;fpud; To ,Ug;gpd; gztrjpfs;/
bjhHpy; trjpfs; bgUf;fpj; jUthh;.
Jyhk; yf;dk; rdp xUtnd nahff;fhud;
vd;whYk; rdp kfuk;/ Fk;gk;/ hp#gk;
Mfpa uhrpfspy; epd;W ,Ue;jhy;
cah;thd nahfj;ij jUthd;. nkYk; re;jpud;/
g[jd; To ,Ue;jhYk;/ xUtUf;bfhUth;
ghh;j;Jf; bfhz;lhYk; gy bjhHpyhsh;fis
ntiy th';Fk; jpwDk;/ kpfg;bghpa
bjhHpw;rhiyfs; mikf;Fk; nahfj;ij
juf;Toath;.
tpUr@rpf yf;dk; ,e;j yf;dj;ij bghWj;jtiu
Nhpad;/ re;jpud; nrh;e;J ve;j tPl;oy;
,Ue;jhYk; cah; uf nahfkhf fUjg;gLfpwJ.
Ch; gzj;jpy; cy;yhrkhf fhyk;
fHpf;fyhk;. tpUk;gpaJ vy;yhk; milaf;
Toa ghf;fparhypfs; vd;W Twyhk;.
jDR yf;dk; Nhpad;/ g[jd; v';F ,Ue;jhYk;
,ize;J ,Uf;f ntz;Lk;. mt;thW ,Ug;gpd;
$hjfh; jd; Ra bjhHpyhy;
bgUk;gzf;fhuh;. epiwa mjph;#l';fs;
cs;sth; vd;Wk; jd;Dila mwpthy; cyif
bty;Yk; rf;jp bfhz;lth;.
kfu yf;dk; Rf;fpud;/ g[jd; nrh;e;J
v';F ,Ue;jhYk; uh$ nahfk; ,Uf;Fk;.
,th;fs; nrh;e;J 3/ 6/ 8/ 12-y; ,Ue;jhYk;
uh$nahfnk. Mdhy; ,th;fs; xUth;Tl
ePrk; bgwhky; ,Uf;fntz;Lk;. ,e;j nahfk;
bry;t tsj;ija[k;/ bry;thf;ifa[k; juf;Toait
vd;Wk; cah;ju thH;f;if mika[k;.
Fk;gk; yf;dk; re;jpud;/ brt;tha;
nrh;e;J ,Ue;jhny uh$nahfk;. ,th;fs;
ePrk; bgwhky; ,Uf;fntz;Lk;. bghpa
gzf;fhud;/ gy nfhof;F mjpgjp vd;W
brhy;Yk; mstpw;F cah;e;J ,Ug;ghh;fs;.
kPd yf;dk; brt;tha;/ FU nrh;e;jhy;
nghJk;. xU CUf;F jiytd; vd;w me;j!;J/
ehY ngh; brhy;go nfl;ghh;fs;. jiyik
jh';fp vija[k; bra;af; Toa typikia
juf;Toatuhf nahfk; mika[k;.
,itaht[k; rpwg;g[ tpjpKiw fspy;
,Ue;jhYk; FUl;L mjph;#lk; vd;gJTl
,jd;\yk;jhd; xUtUf;F elf;Fk;.bfl;l
jprhg[f;jp fhyj;jpy; Tl ,e;j nahfk; jPik
tuhky; fhf;Fk;. nahff;fhud; bflhky;
,Uf;f ntz;;Lk;. nahff;fhud; Ml;rp/
cr@rk; bgw;why; KGg';Fk;/ el;g[ rkk;
tPl;oy; ,Ue;jhy; Kf;fhy; g';Fk;/
kiwt[ tPl;oy; ,Ue;jhy; miu g';Fk;/
ghtpfSld; nrh;e;J ,Ue;jhy; miu g';Fk;/
ePrk; bgw;why; nahfk; ,y;iy vd
fUjntz;Lk;. nahff;fhud; nahfk; bra;a
tpy;iybad;why; jprh -g[f;jp ehjd;
nfhl;rhuk; bfh";rk; nahfk; juf;TLk;.
ePr;r g';f uh$nahfk;*
tp.mfpyhz;nl!;thp/
16-38/ ngh!;ly; fhydp/ Kjy;bjU/ nkw;F
khk;gyk;/ brd;id-33
xUtuJ $hjfj;jpy; xU rpy fpuf';fs; cr@rk;
bgw;Wk; rpy fpuf';fs; ePr@rk;
bgw;Wk; fhzg;gLtJ ,ay;ghd tp#akhFk;.
rpyUf;F ve;j fpufKnk ePr@rk; ,d;wp
,Uf;Fk;. mg;gog;gl;l epiyapy; cs;s
$hjfh; nahf Ks;sth; vd;W Twyhk;.
ePr@rk; bgw;w fpufkhdJ bfLjiyj; jUk;
vd;whYk; ePrk; fHpe;J ,uh$ nahfk;
bgWk; epiy cz;lhdhy; mjid
ePr@rg';f ,uh$nahfk; vd;W
TWfpd;nwhk;.
ePr@rg';fk; vg;go cz;lhfpd;wJ>
mjhtJ ePr@rk; bgw;w fpufk; epd;w
tPl;od; mjpgjpahdth;. jdJ brhe;j
tPl;onynah my;yJ cr@rk; vd;w
epiyfspnyh ,Ug;gpd; ePr@rk; bgw;w
fpufj;jpd; njh#khdJ fHpe;J ,uh$
nahfj;jpidj; jUk; mstpw;F gyk;
bgw;WtpLfpd;wJ.
ePr@rKw;w fpufj;jpw;F ,ay;ghf cs;s
gyj;jpidtpl ePr@r g';f uh$nahfk;
bgw;w epiyapy; 2 g';F gyk; mjpfkhfp
tpLfpwJ.
flf uhrpahfpa re;jpuDila tPl;oy;
brt;tha; ePrk; bgw;W re;jpud; Ml;rp
cr@rk; bgw;w epiyapy; ,Ue;jhy;
brt;tha; ePr@rg';f ,uh$nahfk;
bgWtJld; ntW rpy fpuf';fSk; ePr@rk;
bgw;wpUg;gpd; me;j re;jpu gf thd;
bfhLg;ghuhk;. re;jpuDf;F kl;Lk; ,j;jifa
rpwg;g[ cs;sjhf nrhjpltpay; TWfpd;wJ.
cjhuz $hjfk; -1 ,';F cs;s ,uhrpf;
fl;lj;jpy; rdpgfthd; nk# uhrpapy;
ePr@rk; bgw;W mkh;e;Js;shh;. mth;
epd;w nk#uhrpapd; mjpgjpahd
brt;tha; fpufk; jkJ kw;bwhU tPlhd
tpUl;rpfj;jpy; tf;fpuk; bgw;w epiyapy;
mkh;e;J cs;shh;. vdnt rdp gfthDf;F
ePr@rk; vd;w epiyapy; cs;s njh#khdJ
eP';fp ,uh$nahfk; cz;lhfp cs;sJ. vdnt
rdpgfthd; ,tUf;F ($hjfUf;F) ey;y gy
nahfkhd cah;t[fis a[k;/
Kd;ndw;w';fisa[k; bfhLg;ghh; vd;W
Twyhk;.
cjhuz $hjfk; -2 ,';F Fwpg;gpl;Ls;s
cjhuz $hjfj;jpy; g[jd; ePr@rk; bgw;W
cs;shh;. Mdhy; cld; epd;w FU gfthd;
Ml;rpahft[k; cs;sjhy; ,';f g[jgfthDf;F
ePr@rk; vd;w njh#k; eP';fp uh$nahfk;
cz;lhfp tpl;lJ.
,';F Fwpg;gpl;Ls;s cjhuz $hjfj;jpy;
Nhpad; kw;Wk; brt;tha; vd;w ,U
fpuf';fSk; ePr@rf;jpia mile;J cs;sd.
Mdhy; ePrk; bgw;w brt;tha; epd;w
tPlhd flf ,uhrpapd; mjpgjpahd
re;jpud; hp#g uhrpapy; (nuhfpzp)
epd;W cr@rk; bgw;w fhuzj;jpdhy;
brt;tha; fpufk; kl;Lkpd;wp ePrk;
bgw;w Nhpa gfthDk; jdJ ePr@r
fjpiatpl;L tpyfp ePr@r g';f ,uh$
nahfj;jpid mile;Js;shh;.
,g;go ,U fpuf';fspd; ePr@rfjpapdhy;
cz;lhd njh#';fisa[k;/
re;jpugfthd;nghf;fp $hjfUf;F ey;y
tpnr#khd gyd;fis bfhLf;fpd;whh;.
vdnt ePr@rk; bgw;w fpuf mikg;g[fs;
$hjfj;jpy; ,Ug;gpd; ftiyg;glhky; ed;F
$hjfj;jpid Ma;t[ bra;J gyd;fisj; bjhpe;J
bfhs;syhk;.
MSk; fpufk;
xU kdpjd; khL nghy; ciHj;jhYk;
Kd;ndw Koatpy;iy. xUth; ve;jtpjkhd
ciHg;gpd;wp V.rp. miwapy;
cl;fhh;e;Jbfhz;L gzj;ij ms;sp
Ftpf;fpwhh;. xUth; btspehL KGtJk;
tpkhdj;jpy; gwe;jgona rk;ghj;jpak;
bra;fpwhh;. ,d;Dk; rpyh; Fof;fnt
f";rp ,y;yhky; bjU Xukhf nuhl;oy;
gLj;Jf;bfhz;L gpiHf;fpwhh;fs;. rpyh;
muz;kid nghy; khspif tPL fl;o brhFR
thH;f;if thH;fpwhh;. rpyUf;F rhg;gplTl
jz;zPh; ,y;yhky; miya ntz;oa epiy.
rpyh; vg;nghJnk kJghd ePhpy; kpje;J
bfhz;L ,Uf;f ntz;oa epiy.
,g;gog;gl;lth;fSf;F vy;yhk; ve;j
fpuf';fs; fhuzkhf ,Uf;Fk; vd;W n$hjpl
hPjpahf $hjfj;jpy; Muha;e;J ghh;j;jhy;
bjhpa tUk;.
bjU Xuj;jpy; Fg;ignahL Fg;igahf
fplf;Fk; gpr@irf;fhuDf;F Tl VjhtJ xU
fpufkhtJ Mjpf;fk; bra;antz;Lk;. kdepiy
ghjpf;fg;gl;L igj;jpak; gpoj;J miya[k;
egh;fSf;Ff;Tl VjhtJ xU fpufk; Mjpf;fk;
bra;J bfhz;L ,Uf;Fk;. kfh jhpj;jpuk;
gpoj;J mGf;F epiwe;j Mil fnshL miya[k;
egh;fis ehk; ghh;j;J ,Ug;nghk;.
mth;fSf;Fk; xU Fwpg;gpl;l fpuf
Mjpf;fk; bra;Jbfhz;L ,Uf;Fk;. ml
vd;dg;gh gj;J epkplj;jpw;F
Kd;g[ vd;dplk; ngrpdhnu ,g;nghJ
kuzk; vd;w bra;jp tUfpwnj rpyUf;F
,Jnghy; ,Uf;Fk;. ,g;gog;gl;l epiyapy;
ekf;F vd;d fpufk; rf;jp xd;W rhpahf
ntiy bra;fpwJ vd;W vz;zj; njhd;WfpwJ
my;yth. mitjhd; MSk; fpufj;jpd; rf;jp
vd;W TWfpnwhk;.
kdpjDf;F neuk; mike;Jtpl;lhy;
fpLfpLbtd cah;e;J fy';fiu tpsf;fkhf
khwptpLfpwhd;. brhd;dnj rl;lk; <l;lnj
nfhyk; vd;W MfptpLfpwJ. ve;j neuk;
mtid J}f;fp gLghjhsj;jpy; js;sptpLk;.
,itTl xU fpuf MSk; bghWg;gpy; ,Uf;Fk;
nghJ cah;j;jpf;bfhz;nl nghFk;. ,d;bdhU
fpuf MSikf;F nghFk;nghJ cah;e;j
epiyapy; ,Ue;J fPH; ,wf;fpf;bfhz;L
nghFk;. ,e;j tpj;jpahr';fs; midj;Jk;
rpdpkhj; JiwapYk;/ murpay; JiwapYk;
fhzKoa[k;.
fh;ehlf khepyj;jpy; gpwe;J
jkpH;ehl;oy; Ng;gh; !;lhh; Mfntz;Lk;
vd;w tpjp ,Ue;jhy; me;j fpuf MSikf;F
Vw;wthW $hjfiu bfhz;L bry;Yk;. mnj
jkpH;ehl;ilna fyf;fpa Ng;gh; !;lhh;
murpaypy; $Pnuhthf ,Uf;f ntz;oa
tpjp ,Ue;jhy; me;j fpufKk; mjd; jd;ikf;F
Vw;wthW ntiy ghh;f;Fk;. ,y';ifapy;
gpwe;j vk;.$p.Mh;. jkpH;ehl;oy;
Kjyikr@rh; MdJk;/ ,j;jhypapy; gpwe;j
nrhdpahfhe;jp ,e;jpahtpd; fl;rp jiytp
MdJk; fpufj;jpd; typikahd MSk; jd;ikia
bghWj;Jjhd; ,Uf;Fk; vd;W Tw ntz;Lk;.
kdpjDf;F ve;j neuj;jpy; ve;j RHp vg;go
khWk; vd;gij ahuhYk; fzpj;Jtpl KoahJ.
vtd; jiybaGj;J vtd; ifapYk; ,y;iy. elf;
Fk; vd;ghh; elf;fhJ. elf;fhJ vd;ghh;
ele;JtpLk;. ,it nrhjplh;fs; Tl tpjpapd;
gpoapy; ,Ue;J jg;gp tplKoahJ. ,it cdf;F
elf;Fk; vd;w tpjp mike;jhy; mij jLf;f
ahuhYk; KoahJ. ,d;W ,Ug;nghh; ehis
,y;iy vd;ghh;. ,it vy;yhk; mtuth;
$hjfj;jpy; fpuf';fs; MSk; jd;ikia
bghWj;nj mikfpwJ.
xUtuJ $hjfj;jpy; MSk; fpufj;jpd; jd;ikfs;
vd;W ghh;g;nghk;.
1. nahff;fhud;
2. Rgh;fs;
3. ghtpfs;
4. khufh;fs;
5. bfhy;yhd;
6. jprhehjd;
7. g[f;jpehjd;
8. ,yf;dhjpgjp
9. ,uhrpf;fjpgjp
10. el;rj;jpuhjpgjp
11. Mj;kfhud;
12. Mkj;jpafhud;
,e;j gd;dpbuz;Lngh;fs;jhd; xUtuJ
jiybaGj;ijna khw;wp
mikf;fpwhh;fs;. elg;g[ gyd; Kjy; bfhz;L
vjph;tUk; gyida[k; czh;j;jp jUtJ ,e;j
gd;dpbuz;L ngh;fs;jhd;. ,e;j
gd;dpbuz;L ngiu jtpu ntWahUk;
ve;jtpjkhd nahf gyida[k;/ mtnahf
gyida[k; bra;akhl;lhh;fs;. xUtuJ
gpwg;g[ $hjfg;go ,th;fsJ mDkjp
,d;wp ,th;fsJ Mjpf;fk; bra;ahky; ve;j
braYk; eilbgWtjpy;iy vd;gJ Muha;r@rp
\yk; bjhpatUfpwJ. ,jpy; ve;j fpufk;
mjpfgoahf bghWg;g[fs; Vw;W cs;snjh
mjd; gojhd; gyd; elf;Fk;. ,itaht[k; ,yf;d
Kiwg;go ghh;j;J gyd;Tw ntz;oa
mtrpakhfpwJ.
xUtuJ $hjfj;jpy; nahff;fhud;/ Rgh;fs;/
jprhehjd; bflhky; ,Ue;jhny me;j $hjfh;
kpFe;j bry;thf;F cld; mjpfgoahd
nahfj;ij milaf; Toath;fs; vd;gij
mwpayhk;. mnj $hjfUf;F jprhehjd;
bfl;L ghtpfspd; Mjpf;fk; 3/ 6/ 8/ 12-
y; ,Ue;J bra;jhy; $hjfh; jPuhj f#lj;ij
mDgtpg;ghh; vd;gJ mwpag;gLfpwJ.
,e;j gd;dpbuz;L ngh;fs; vd;d
epiyapy; ,Uf;fpwhh;fs; vd;gij
mwpe;Jjhd; gyd;Tw ntz;Lk;.
$hjfj;jpy; rpyneu';fspy; ghtpfs; vd;W
brhy;yf;Toa mtnahfk; juf;Toa fpufk;
ey;yJ bra;J bfhz;L ,Uf;Fk;. mth; Vd;
ey;yJ bra;fpwhh; vd;why; mth;
Mj;kfhud; my;yJ Mkj;jpa fhud; my;yJ
el;rj;jpuhjpgjpahft[k; my;yJ
,yf;dhjpgjpahf ,Ue;jhYk; ghtp vd;W
brhy;yg;gLk; bfl;ltd; ,';nf ey;yJ
bra;Jbfhz;L ,Ug;ghh;.
$hjfj;jpy; xU Fwpg;gpl;l fpufnk
fl;Lg;ghl;ow;Fs; itj;J ,Uf;Fk;. me;j
MSikf;F cl;gl;l fpufj;jpd; bray;ghLfs;
midj;Jk; $hjfhpd; bray;ghLfshf ,Uf;Fk;.
,e;j gd;dpbuz;L ngh;fspy; ve;j fpufk;
mjpfk; typiknahL cs;snjh me;j
fpufk;jhd; me;j $hjfUf;F MSk; fpufkhf
khwp epw;fpwJ. MSk; fpufk; kl;Lk;
typikahf Rgnfe;jphp jphpnfhzj;jpy;
mike;Jtpl;lhy; $hjfh; Jd;gk; ,y;yhky;
kfpH;r@rpnahL ,Ug;ghh;.
 uhF gyd;fs;*
xUth; $hjfj;jpy; $d;k yf;dj;jpy; uhF
fhzg;gl;lhy; mth; Kd;nfhgk;
bfhz;ltuhf ,Ug;ghh;. me;epag;
bgz;fsplk; nkhfk; ,Uf;Fk;. rhg;ghL
gphpah;fshff; fhl;rp mspg;ghh;fs;.
mof;fo btspa{h; gpuahz';fspy;
Mh;tk; ,Uf;Fk;. thH;tpd; gpw;ghjpapy;
Mnuhf;fpa ghjpg;g[fs; cz;lhFk;.
kzthH;t[ kfpH;r@rpahf ,uhJ. 2k;
tPlhfpa FLk;g !;jhdj;jpy; uhF gfthd;
tPw;wpUe;jhy; fz;fspy; nfhshW/ fz;
rk;ge;jkhd ghjpg;g[ cz;lhFk;.
btspa{h;/ btspehLfspy; thH;f;if
mika[k;. FLk;gj;jpy; re;njh#k;
xw;Wik ,uhJ. tPz; rz;ilfs;/ tHf;F
cz;lhFk;. tha; bje;jpg; ngRthh;fs;.
3k; tPl;oy; uhF ,Ue;jhy; rnfhju njh#j;ij
cz;lhf;Fthh;. vLf;Fk; Kaw;rpapy;
btw;wp cz;lhFk;. btspehl;lth;
bjhlh;ghy; bry;tr@ nrh;f;if cz;lhFk;.
re;jjp tpUj;jp/ gpw;ghjpapy; Vw;gLk;.
bgz;fisr@ Rw;wp tUk; kdg;nghf;F
,Uf;Fk;. vjpYk; jpwika[ld; bray;gl;L
rhjpf;Fk; ty;yik cilath;.
Rf!;jhdkhfpa 4-k; tPl;oy; uhF mikag;
bgw;wpUe;jhy; jha;f;F njh#k;/
Mnuhf;fpa ghjpg;ig cz;lhf;Fthh;.
fy;tpapy; ke;j epiy Vw;gl;L jil cz;lhFk;.
Kd;nfhgk; ,Uf;Fk;. brhe;jkhf ciHj;J
Kd;ndw;wk; fhz;ghh;. thH;tpd;
gpw;gFjpapy; $hjfUf;F cah;it
cz;lhf;Fthh;.
xUth; $hjfj;jpy; 5 k; tPl;oy; uhF
mikag; bgw;why; g[j;jpunjh#k;
cz;lhFk;. Mdhy; $hjfh; ey;byhGf;fk;
gz;g[ilatuhfnt ,Ug;ghh;.
vjw;bfLj;jhYk; nfhgg;gLthh;. g{h;tPf
tHpapy; mDTyj;ij Vw; gLj;jkhl;lhh;.
tapw;Wf; nfhshW ,Uf;Fk;. vjphpfis
btd;W epidj;j fhhpa rhjidia
cz;lhf;Fthh;.
6 k; tPl;oy; uhF fhzg;gl;lhy; $hjfh;
bgz;fsplk; gphpakhf ele;J bfhs;thh;.
ufrpa cWg;g[fspy; ghjpg;g[ neha;
Vw;gLk;. kw;wtUf;F cjtpLk; Fzk;
,Uf;Fk;. f#lg;gLk; neuj;jpy; cjtp bra;J
J}f;fp tpLk; ey;y gz;g[k; ,Uf;Fk;.
fsj;jpu !;jhdkhfpa 7k; tPl;oy; uhF
fhzg;gl;lhy; ,y;yw thH;tpy; gpur@rpid
cz;lhf;Fthh;. kidtpf;F ePz;l Ma[Sf;F jil
bfhLg;ghh;.
bjhHpy; hPjpapy; cah;t[ cz;lhf;Fthh;.
tpjit bjhlh;g[ Vw;gLk;. ,Ujhu nahfk;
cz;lhff;TLk;. Tl;Lj;bjhHpypy;
gpur@rpidia re;jpf;Fk;
mikg;g[ Vw;gLk;.
8 tPl;oy; uhF ,Ue;jhy; ufrpa
tpahjpfshy; bjhy;iy Vw;gLk;. kj;jpa
tajpy; fz;lk; cz;lhFk;. ehfj;jhy; njh#k;
Vw;gLk;. kz thH;f;if kfpH;r@rp
mspf;fhJ. rhjid bra;a[k; mikg;g[k;
Fwpg;ghf nkilg; ngr@rpy; g[fH;
bgw;wtuhfj; jpfH;thh;.
9 y; uhF mikag; bgw;why; je;ijf;F
kpft[k; nrhjidahd thH;f;if mika[k;.
bry;tk;/ bry;thf;F ed;whf ,Uf;Fk;.
FLk;gj;jpy; mirah brhj;J nrUk;
mikg;g[ Vw;gLk;. g[j;jpu njh#j;ija[k;
cz;lhf;Fk;.
10 y; uhF fhzg;gl;lhy; epiyahd
bjhHpy; ,Uf;fhJ. bjhHpypy; gy;ntW
jilfSf;F gpwF nahfk; Vw;gLk;.
eog;g[ kw;Wk; fiyj;Jiw rk;ge;jg;gl;l
bjhHpy;fshy; $Ptdk; mikag;bgWk;.
btspehL bjhlh; g[s;s bjhHpy; mika[k;.
11 y; uhF ,Ue;jhy; thH;tpy; ey;y
cah;t[k; Kd;ndw;wKk; bfhLf;Fk;.
bjhHpypy; Vw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;Jk;. jpOh;
jdr@nrh;f;if Vw;gLk;. ey;y Ma[s;
tpUj;jp cz;lhFk;. vjpYk; btw;wp
bgw;wtuhfj; jpfH;thh;. cah;e;j gjtpfs;
eho tUk;.
12 y; uhF ,Ue;jhy; tPz; tpuak;
bryt[ mjpfkhFk;. fod ciHg;gpd; nghpy;
rpW rpW ew;gyd;fs; cz;lhFk;.
J}ug;gazj;jhy; bjhy;iyfs;/ miyr@ry;fs;/
rpuk';fs; cz;lhFk;. bja;tPf Md;kPfj;
Jiwapy; <LghL ehl;lk; cilath;.
uhrpfspy; ,uhF gfthd;
mikag;bgw;why; cz;lhFk; gyd;fs;
nk#j;jpy; uhF ,Ue;jhy; mrl;Lj; Jzpr@ry;
,Uf;Fk;. bry;tr@ brHpg;g[k; r\f
me;j!;Jk; kpf;ftuhfj; jpfH;thh;. vija[k;
rhjidahf bra;J Kof;Fk; Mw;wy; cs;sth;.
thH;tpy; ew;gyid mjpfkhf;Fthh;.
hp#gj;jpy; uhF mikag;
bgw;Wf;fhzg;gl;lhy; bjhHpy;
hPjpapy;; kpft[k; ey;y epiyf;F
cah;thh;fs;.
kpJd uhrpapy; uhF mikag;
bgw;wpUe;jhy; $hjfUf;F bghGJ
nghf;Fr@ rpe;jida[k;/ jPa gHf;f';fspy;
kdk; yapj;jYk; cz;lhFk;. nghl;o
ge;ja';fspy; ehl;lk; mjpfk; cz;lhFk;. rpy
neu';fspy; kpft[k; bghpa mstpy; jd
nrh;f;if cz;lhFk; epiy Vw;gLk;.
flf uhrpapy; uhF mikag;
bgw;wpUe;jhy; jha; tHp cwtpdUf;Fk;/
jhahUf;Fk; bfLjp Vw;gLj;Jk;. jz;zPuhy;
fz;lk; kw;Wk; tpgj;Jf;fs; cz;lhFk;.
rpk;kj;jpy; uhF mikag; bgw;wpUe;jhy;
je;ijf;F nrhjida[k; kw;Wk; je;ij
tHpapdUf;F bfLjp/ njh#k; cz;lhfpwJ.
fd;dp uhrpapy; uhF mikag;
bgw;wpUe;jhy; cah;e;j Fz';fs;
fhzg;gLk;. bja;tPfk; gpufhrpf;Fk;.
nahf mg;gpahr';fspy; Mh;tk;
cz;lhf;Fk;. bghpnahh; Mrpahy; ey;y
jdr@nrh;f;if/ g[fH;/ cah;e;j me;j!;J
aht[k; bfhLf;Fk;.
Jyhk; uhrpapy; uhF
mikag;bgw;wpUe;jhy; $hjfh;
Xhplj;jpy; epiyapd;wp rjh jphpa[k;
epiy Vw;gLk;. ,Ue;jnghjpYk; btspa{h;
gaz';fshy; MjhaKk; rpwg;g[k; cz;L.
tpahghuj;jpy; cah;t[ ,Uf;Fk;.
jdtut[ ed;whf ,Uf;Fk;.
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bjhlh;g[k; ,Uf;Fk;. rpy rka';fspy;
vjph;ghuhj gpur@rpidfspy; rpf;fpj;
jtpf;Fk; epiy cz;lhFk;.
kfuj;jpy; uhF gfthd;
mikag;bgw;wpe;jhy; ey;y bghUshjhu
tpUj;jpa[k;/ jd nrh;f;ifa[k; cz;lhFk;.
bghpa kdpjh;fs; bjhlh;g[k;/ Mrp
Mjut[k; cz;lhFk;.
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FLk;gj;jpy; FHg;gk; ,Uf;Fk;.
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Vw;gLk;. rjh tWika[k; Jd;gKk; thl;Lk;.
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vg;nghJk; gfl;lhd eltof;if cs;sth;.
vtiua[k; kpft[k; rhkhh;j;jpahfg; ngrpj;
jd; tag;gLj;Jthh;.

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nk#uhrp- \is/ jiyghf neha;fis Ms;fpwJ.
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neha;fs;.
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Koa[k;.
fd;dp uhrp - rPjngjp/ lnahpah/ fhyuh.
Jyhk; uhrp- rpWePuff; nfhshWfs;.
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mwpayhk;.
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ehs';fspy; ,uj;jk; ciwjy;.
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neha;fs;.
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neha; mwpayhk;.
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cs;nsd;. ,J b$d;k yf;fpdk; Kjy; 12-k;
ghtj;jpw;F bghUe;Jk;.
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yf;dk; kpft[k; Kf;fpakhdJ MFk;. b$d;k
yf;dj;jpw;F 6/ 8/ 12-k; ght';fspy;
ghtpfs; mikag; bgWtJk; ght fpuf';fs;
gyk; bgw;W Rgh; ghh;it ,y;yhky; ,Ue;
jhYk; cly; epiyapy; ghjpg;g[ cz;
lhfpwJ. Fwpg;ghf 12-k; ght';fspy;
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g[U# jj;Jtg;go me;j uhrp gyk; ,He;jhy;
nky; Fwpg;gpl;l cly;
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fd;dptiu tyJ g[w clk;ig a[k;/ Jyhk; Kjy;
kPdk; tiu ,lJ g[w cliya[k; MSfpwJ.
etf;fpuf';fs; MSk; neha;fs;
Nhpad;- ,Uja neha;/ kdr@ nrhh;t[/
gf;fthjk;/ ,lJ fz; neha;/ tapW nfhshW/
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fl;Lg;gLj;Jfpwhh;.
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neha;/ jl;lk;ik/ rpwpak;ik/ nkf tl;il/
rpW ePuf';fspy; fy;/ o.gp.neha;fs;.
brt;tha;- uj;j Xl;lk;/ uj;j mGj;jk;/
fy;yPuy; nfhshW/ tha[ rk;ke;jg;gl;l
Flw;g[z;/ khj tplha; nfhshW/ tapW
nfhshW/ bjhG neha;/ btl;Lf;fhak;.
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"hgfkwjp/ nkf g[z;.
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tpahjp/ kz;zPuy; tpahjp.
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typg;g[/ fhJ brtplhjy;/ gy;typ.
rdp- vYk;g[fspy; ghjpg;g[/ rpW ePuff;
FHha; fspy; ghjpg;g[/ fl;ofs;/
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fl;Lg;gLj;Jfpwhh;.
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fl;Lg;gLj;Jfpwhh;.
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b$d;k yf;dj;jpw;F 6/ 8/ 12-y; fpuf';fs;
gyk; ,He;J Rgh; ghh;it ,y; yhJ ,Ue;jhy;
mf;fpufj;jpd; fl;Lg;ghl;oy; cs;s neha;
ghjpf;Fk; NH;epiy cz;lh fpwJ.
Fwpg;ghf ghjpf;fg;gl;l fpufj;jpd; jpir
g[j;jp eilbgWk; fhyj;jpy; ghjpg;g[fs;
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khjtplha; nfhshW/ tapW nfhshW
cz;lhfpwJ.

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xt;bthU kdpjDf;Fk; Vnjh xU tifapy;

nkdhprk; vd;W brhy;yg;gLk; !;ily;
ghtid ,Uf;Fk;. ,it ehk; midj;J
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nkdhprk; bra;tJ rpdpkhtpy; ghzp vd;W
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ehnf# Kjy; ,d;iwa fhy tp$a;/ m$pj;/
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mjd;gona rpyUf;F ghzp miktJ cz;L.
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gpwiu fth;e;J ,Gf;Fk; goahf
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vd;W Twntz;Lk;.
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fjhehafd;fs; vd;W rpyh; cz;L.
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nghl;L nkdhprk; bra;thh;fs;. bghJthf
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g[jd; Mthh;. ,e;j g[jid bghWj;nj
xt;bthUthpd; nkdhprk; vd;Dk; ghzp
cs;sJ. xUtuJ $hjfj;jpy; bray;gLk; Kiw
m';f/ mirt[fs; bray;gLk; Kiwf;F g[jnd
fhufdhf cs;shh;.
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mjpgjpahthh;. g[jd; jhd; euk;g[fSf;F
mjpgjp vd;gjhy; ekJ cly; mirt[fSf;F
g[jd; gf;f cWJizahf ,Uf;fpwhh;. ,tnu
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btspf;fhl;Lfpwhh;. mjd; go $hjf
hPjpahf tUnthk;.
(1) xUtuJ $hjfj;jpy; gjd; epd;W ,Uf;Fk;
tPl;ilg; bghWj;jhy; mtuJ nkdhprk;
mika[k;. mjd;go xUtuJ nkdhprk;
vd;Dk; ghzpia gyh; gpd;gw;w
fth;e;J ,Gf;f g[jd; nfe;jpu my;yJ
jphpnfhzj;jpy; epd;W mjpd;
mjpgjpfSld; rk;ge;jk; bgw;W ,Uf;f
ntz;Lk;.
(2) g[jd; Rgfpufkhd Rf;fpud; my;yJ
tsh;gpiw re;jpuDld; rk;ge;jk; ghh;it
bgw;W jphpnfhzk; vd;Dk; 5-y;
epd;W ,Uf;f ntz;Lk;. cyf ghh;it ,tuJ
ghzpia cw;W nehf;Fk;.
(3) g[jd;/ FU rk;ge;jk; ghh;it Vw;gl;L
nfe;jpu nfhzj;jpy; epd;W ,Ue;jhy;
rhjhuzkhf ,th; ele;J brd;why;Tl
midtUk; ,tuJ !;iliy ghh;j;Jf;
bfhz;nlapUg;ghh;.
(4) g[jd;/ NhpaDld;
nrh;e;J ,Ue;jhy; ,tuJ
ghzpfs; midj;Jk;
cah;thf ,Uf;Fk;.
fk;gPukhfj;
njhd;Wk;.
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ghh;j;jhYk; ,tuJ ghzp midj;Jk; tpy;yd;
jdkhf gpwiu gak; Vw;gLj;jpf;;
bfhz;nl ,Uf;Fk;.
(6) g[jd; rdpa[ld; nrh;e;J ,Ue;jhy; ,tuJ
bray; el tof;if/ ghzp midj;Jk;
fhbkoahf ,Uf;Fk;. ,tuJ Kfj;ij ghh;j;Jf;
bfhz;nl ,Ue; jhy; clnd
rphpg;g[ te;JtpLk;.
(7) g[jd;-uhFt[ld; nrh;e;J ,Ue;jhy;
gpwh; btWf;Fk; tif apy; ut[ofs;
ghzpnghy; ,Uf;Fk;. clYf;Fk;/ mirt[f;Fk;
rk;ge;jnk ,y;yhky; ,Uf;Fk;.
(8) g[jd;-nfJt[ld; nrh;e;J ,Ue;jhy;/ ,tuJ
ghzp midj; Jk; mYg;g[ jl;o tpLk;. ghh;
itf;F vLglhky; ngha;tpLk;.
(9) g[jd; 3/ 6/ 8/ 12-y; kiwe;J mjd;
mjpgjpfSld; bjhlh;g[bfhz;L ,Ue;jhy;
nkdhprk; vLglhJ.
(10) g[jd; ghtpfSld; rk;ge;jk;/ ePrk;/
gif bgw;W ,Ue;jhYk; Tl ghh;itf;F
ghzpf;F btWf;Fk; tifapy; mike;JtpLk;.

brhe;jtPL th';Fk; nahfk;

(v!;.uhk\u;j;jp/
1/ nejh$p bjU/
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brhe;j tPL mika[k; nahfj;ij Fwpg;gpLk;

ehd;fhk; tPl;L mjpgjp Ml;rp/ cr@rk;
nghd;w epiy fspy; ,Uf;f ntz;Lk;. 6/8/12
nghd;w kiwt[ !;jhd'; fspy; mkh;e;J
,Uf;ff; TlhJ.
g{kpfhufd; vd;W Fwpg;gplg; gLk;
brt;tha[k; Ml;rp/ cr@rk; vd;w ey;y
epiyapy; mkh;e;J ,Uf;f ntz;Lk;.
ehd;fhk; tPl;ow;F mjpgjp 1/4/7/10
nghd;w nfe;jpu'; fspnyh 5/9 nghd;w
jphp nfhz';fspnyh mkh;e;J ,Ue;jhnyh
Tl brhe;j tPL mika[k;. Mdhy; ehd;fhk;
tPl;ow;F mjpgjp ghjf!;jhd'; fspy;
mkh;tJ TlhJ.
b$d;k yf;dj;jpd; ehd; fhk; ,lj;jpw;F cila
fpufj;jpd jrhg[j;jp fhyj;jp Yk; my;yJ
ehd;fhk; ,lj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk; fpufj;jpd;
jrhg[j;jp fhyj;jpYk; tPL th';Fk; nahfk;
Vw;gLtJ cz;L.
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ghh;itapLk; bghGnjh brhe;j tPL
mika[k; nahfk; Vw;gLk;. ehd;fhk;
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brhe;j tPL miktJ fodkhd tp#akhf
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tPL miktJ cz;L.
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tPl;il ghh;it bra;jhy; ey;y
mHfhd tPL mike;J ey;y epk;kjpahd
thH;t[
cz;lhfpwJ.
g[ypg;ghzp Kdpth; fz;l njh# mikg;g[fs;
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nghf Kdpthpd; rPluhd g[ypg;ghzp

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yf;d ghtj;jpw;F vl;Lf;Filatd; Rguhft[k;
my;yJ ghtuhft[k; ,Ue;jhYk;
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gyd; kuzk; tUtJk;/ jd; ,Ug;gplk; tpl;L
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bgUk;gif Vw;gLjy;/ Ma[jk; my;yJ
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bfhoa neha;fshy; Jd;gk; te;J nrUbkd;W
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Vw;gLk;.
vl;Lf;Filatd; m#lk!;jhdj;jpy;
Ml;rpahf ,Ue;jhy; $hjfDf;F E}W taJ tiu
gyDz;L.
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Tog;ghh;j;jhy; me;j $hjfDf;F mw;g
tabjd;nw TW vd;fpwhh;. re;jpud;
nfe;jpu !;jhdj;jpy; cr@rkhf ,Uf;ft[k;/
m#l khjpgjp rj;U fpuf ghh;ita[ld;
,Ue;jhy; $hjfd; 50 tajpw;Fs; kuzkilthd;
vd Muha;e;J TW vd;fpwhh;.
ml;lkhjpgd; \d;whkplkhfpa
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mikg;g[ bgw;w $hjfd; E}W taJ tiu
thH;thd; vd;fpwhh;. vjphpfis bty;Yk;
Mw;wYilatd; vd;fpwhh;. ,td; mjpf
bry;tKilatd; vd;fpwhh;.
fsj;jpuj;jhy; Vw;gLk; njh#k; gw;wpf;
TWfpd;wbghGJ Nhpad;/ brt;tha;/ rdp/
uhF Mfpa ehd;F ghtpfSk; nrh;e;J
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jhubky;yhk; xd;wd;gpd; xd;whf
thpirahf kuzkile;J tpLthh;fs;
vd;fpwhh;. m#lk!;jhdkhfpa vl;oy;
nkw;Twpa ehy;tUk; epd;why; $hjfnd/
me;jg; bgz;zpd; fztnd Kjypy;
kuzkilthd;.
vl;lhkplkhfpa Ma[s; !;jhdj;jpy;
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epw;f tp#j;jhy; kuzkilthd;. yf;d
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TWthag;gh vd;fpwhh;.
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ghk;g[ jPz;lhjthW ghh;j;Jf; bfhs;thh;.
mr@rhjfDf;F cz;qk; cztpdhy; nfL
cz;lhFbkd;W TWfpd;whh;.

bgz;zpd; $hjf gyd;fs;

kP.ntyha[jk;/ mk;ghrKj;jpuk;
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tYg;bgw;w re;jpu $hjfp bre;epw
fth;r@rpf; fl;lHfp. yf;dk; my;yJ
re;jpud; epd;w ,lk;/ ,uz;L uhrp
ehjUilabjd;why;/ $hjfp mHfp.
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xd;W yf;dkhft[k;/ mjpy; re;jpuDk;
NhpaDk; j';fpdhy; $hjfp rj;jpak; jtwhj
cj;jkp. re;jpud; j';fpa uhrpiaa[k;/ me;j
uhrpahjpgjpapd; kw;bwhU tPl;ila[k;
Rgf;fpuf';fs; ghh;g;gpd;/ $hjfp mHFld;
kdk; epiwbgWk; mst[ Mil/ Mguz';fs;
fpilf; fg;bgWths;.
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njhw;wk; bgw;wts;. xU uhrpehjd; tPnl
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$hjfp ey;y Fytjp ey;y gz;g[fSk;/ brhj;J
Rfk; cs;stSk; Mths;. re;jpud;;
yf;dj;jpy; j';fp ghgf;fp uf';fspd; ghh;it
Vw;gl;lhy;/ $hjfp jtwhd tHpfspy;
bry; ;gts;. yf;dj;jpy; re;jpuDk;/
Rf;fpuDk;/ j';fp ,Ue;jhy;/ $hjfp gzk;
me;j!;J cs;sts;.
yf;dj;jpy; ve;j uhrpahdhYk; re;jpuDk;
g[jDk; mjpy; j';fpdhYk;/ bgz; r';fPjk;/
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fiyfspy; njh;r@rp bgw;wtshf ,Ug;ghs;.
yf;dk; ve;j uhrpahdhYk;/ Rf;fpud;/
g[jd; ,UtUk; nrh;e;J j';fpdhy;/ bgz;
fy;tpapy; rpwe;jtshft[k; Md;kPf
tptfhu';fspYk; gw;Ws;stshft[k;
,Ug;ghs;.
,uz;lhkplj;jpy; Rgh;fnsh/ ghgh;fnsh
,Ug;gpd; $hjfp jPh;f;f Rk';fyp. g[jd;/
FU/ brt;tha; Mfpa \d;W fpuf';fSk;To
mth;fspd; uhrpfspy; xd;whfp/ mJnt
yf;dkha[k; ,Ug;gpd; $hjfp mHfp/ Fztjp/
cah; fy;tp bgw;wts;/ ,ul;il uhrpfspy;
xd;wpy; re;jpuDk; NhpaDk; To
,Ue;jhy; $hjfp thH;f;ifia mts; ciHj;J
rk;ghjpj;J jd; FLk;gj;ijf; fhg; ;ghw;w
ntz;oapUf;Fk;. ,yf;fdj;jpy;/ NhpaDk;/
FUt[k; ToapUe;jhy; $hjfp Kd; nahrid
,y;yhjtshf ,Ug;ghs;.
NhpaDk;/ Rf;fpuDk; nrh;e;J ve;j
uhrpapy; epd;whYk; $hjfp rz;il nghl
risf;fhjts;. $hjfpapd; Ie;jhk; ghtj;jpy;
Rf;fpud; j';fpdhy; mtSf;F mika[k; fztd;
bghpa bry;te;jd;/ ew;gz;g[fs; cilatd;.
kidtpaplk;kpf;f md;g[s;std;. Ie;jhk;
ghtk; rdpgfthd; tPL/ mjpy;
rdpgfthd; ,Ug;gpd; fztd;
nahff;fhudha; ,Ug;ghd;.
Mwhk; ghtj;jpy; Rf;fpuDk;/ FUt[k;
nrh;e;J j';fpdhy; $hjfpapd; fztd; Ma[s;
KGtJk; nehhahsp. vl;lhk; ghthjpa[k;/
rdpgfthDk; vl;onyh/ gjpbdhd;wpnyh
nrh;e;J j';fpdhy; bgz;zpd; fztd;
jPh;f;fha[SlDk;/ Rfnghfj;JlDk;
thH;thd;. VHhk; ghtj;jpy; Rgh;fSk;/
ghgh;fSk; nrh;e;J j';fpdhy; bgz;zpw;F
xd;Wf;Fnky; jpUkzk; eilbgWk;.
VHhk; ghtj;jpy; ghgh; vdpd; thHh
btl;o/ tpthfuj;J. jpUkzkhd rpy
khj';fspnyna ,J eilbgWk;. VHhk;
ghtj;jpy; re;jpud;/ rdp brt;tha;/ Tod;
bgz; jhk;gj;jpa Rfj;jpy; mjpf tpUg;gk;
cs;sts;. VHhk; ghtk; Rf;fpud;;; tPlhfp/
mjpy; Rf;fpud; ,Ue;jhy;/ bgz;zpd; fztd;
gzf;fhud; ey;y Fzthd;. VHhk; ghtk;
g[jd; tPlhft[k;/ mjpy; g[jDk; ,Ue;jhy;
bgz;zpd; fztd; fy;tpapy;
rpwe;jtdhft[k;/ gzf;fhudhft[k;
,Ug;ghd;. VHhk; ghtk;
re;jpuDilajhft[k;/ mjpy; re;jpuDk;
,Ue;jhy; bgz;zpd;
fztd; !;jphpnyhyd;. ,uz;lhk; ghtj;jpy;;
Rgh;fSk;/ VHhk; ghtj;jpy;
ghgf;fpuf';fSk; j';fpdhy;/ bgz; jPh;f;f
Rk';fypahf Rfnghf';fSlDk; thH;thd;.
,yf;dk;/ re;jpu yf;dk; Mfpatw;iw FU/
Rf;fpuDk; ghh;j;jhy; $hjfpf;F rpW
tajpnyna jpUkzkhfp tpLk;. jPh;f;f
Rk';fyp. nk#k;/ kfuk;/ Fk;gk;/ kPdk;
yf;dkhfp mjpy; re;jpuDk;/ Rf;fpuDk;
To ghgf;fpuf';fspd; ghh;it Vw;gl;lhy;
$hjfp rpw;wpd;gj;jpy; mjpfg;gw;W
cs;sts;.
 jpUkzj;jil
cyfpy; cs;s Mz;/ bgz; ,Uth; thH;tpYk;
jpUkzk; vd;gJ xU Kf;fpa
epfH;r@rpahFk;.
Mdhy; gyuJ thH;tpy; jpUkzk; vd;w
k';fs epfH;r@rp eilbgw jil Vw;gLfpwJ.
ve;j fpuf';fspdhy; ,e;j jpUkzj;jil
Vw;gLfpwJ vd;W ghh;g;nghk;.
xUth; $hjfj;jpy; Rf;fpud; ePrk; bgw;W
yf;fpdj;jpw;F 6/8/12 nghd;w ,l';fspy;
mika bgw;w $hjfh;fSf;F ,sikapy;
jpUkzk; Vw;glj; jil Vw;gLk;.
rdpa[k;/ brt;tha[k; ,ize;J yf;dj;jpw;F
VHpy; mikabgw;why; tpiuthf jpUkzk;
elf;fhky; jl';fy; Vw;gLk;.
b$d;k yf;dj;jpy; uhF/ VHpy; nfJ
mikag;bgw;W uhF/ nfJ gpof;Fs;
vy;yhf; fpufKk; milg;gl;l fhyrh;g;g
njh# $hjfh;fSf;F ,sikapy; jpUkzk;
Vw;glj;jil Vw;gLk;.
VHhk; ,lj;J mjpgjp 6/8/12 y;
mikag;bgw;W NhpaDld; nrh;e;J
fhzg;gl;lhy; jpUkz jil Vw;gLk;.
xUth; $hjfj;jpy; yf;fpdj;jpw;F
2/4/7/8/12 ,y; brt;tha; mikag;bgw;w
$hjfh;fSf;F ,sikapy; jpUkzk; Vw;glj;jil
Vw;gLk;.
xUth; $hjfj;jpy; yf;dj;jpw;F VHhk;
,lj;jpy; rdp my;yJ uhF my;yJ nfJ
mikag;bgw;W 2/5/9 Mfpa ,l';fspy;
brt;tha;/ Rf;fpud; ,ize;J fhzg;gl;lhy;
jpUkzj;jil Vw;gLk;.
2/4/7 Mfpa ,l';fspy; ghtpfs; vd;W
Twg;gLk; uhF/ nfJ/ rdp/ brt;tha;
nghd;w fpuf';fs; ,Ue;jhy; ,sikapy;
jpUkzk; Vw;glj; jil Vw;gLk;.
VHhk; tPl;oy; rdp/ brt;tha; nghd;w
fpuf nrh;f;if Vw;gl;lhy; fhyjhkj jpUkzk;
Vw;gLk;.
xUth; $hjfj;jpy; yf;fpdj;jpw;F VHpy;
nfJ gfthd; mika bgw;W Rf;fpudhy;
ghh;f;fg;gl;lhy; jpUkzk; eilbgwhJ
nghfyhk;.
yhghjpgjpfs;

yhgk; vd;w brhy; tpahghhpfSf; Fj;jhd;

cz;L vd;W epidj;J tplf; TlhJ.
cj;nahf!;jh;fs;. midtUf; Fk; bghJthd
brhy; MFk;. yhgk; vd;w brhy;iy
ikag;gLj;jp ahh; ahUf;F vg;gog;gl;l
yhgk; fpilf;fp wJ vd;W ghh;f;f fpuf';fs;
tHptFf;fpd;wd.
xUth; xU bghUis th';fpa tpiyf;F
mjpfkhf tpiy itj;J tpw; why; mtUf;F
yhgk; fpilf;fpwJ. Fiwthdhy; e#;lk;
Vw;gLfpwJ/ ,J tpahghhpfSf;F/ Fiwe;j
ntiyf;F epiwa rk;ghjpf;Fk;
bjhHpyhspf;F ntiyahy; yhgk;
Vw;gLfpwJ.
jhd; vjph;ghh;f;Fk; tpisr@riy tpl mjpf
kfNy; fpilj;jhy; tpt rhapf;F yhgk;
fpilf;fpwJ. jd; gog;g[ jFjpf;F kPwpa
cj;jpnahfk; fpilj;jhy; mJ cj;jpnahf
yhgk; vdg;gLfpwJ. ,g;go gy cz;L.
xUth; $hjfj;jpy; b$d;k yf;fpdj;jpw;F 11
Mk; tPl;il yhg!;jhdk; vd;W
TWfpnwhk;.me;j ,lj;jpy; cs;s
fpufj;jd;ikf;F Vw;gt[k; yf;dhjpgjpf;Fk;/
yhghjpgjpf;Fk; cs;s nerj;jd;
ikf;nfw;gt[k; $hjfUf;F yhgj;ijr@ brhy;y
ntz;Lk;.
me;j ,lj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk; fpufj;jpd; fhuf
Mjpgj;jpaj;jpd; epiyf;Fj; jFe;jgoa[k;
yhgk; Vw;gLfpwJ.
yhghjpgjpiag; gphpj;j fpufj;jpd; fhuf
Mjpgj;jpaj;Jf;Fj; jFe;j tpjj; jpYk; yhgk;
Vw;gLk;.
xUth; $hjfj;jpy; yhg !;jhdj;ijg; ghh;j;j
fpufj;jpd; fhuf Mjpgj; jpaj;Jf;F Vw;g
yhgk; cz;lhf;Fk;. Fwpg;ghf fd;dp
yf;fpdk;/ Jyhk; yf;fp dk; ,tw;wpw;F
yhghjpgjp Nhpad; re;jpud; Mthh;.
,th;fs; xnu Mjpgj;jp ak; bgw;W ,Ug;gJ
jdp rpwg;g[ MFk;. kw;w
yf;fpdf;fhuh;fSf;F ,e;j mikg;g[ ,y;iy.
thd kz;lyj;jpd; ,sturh;fshd Nhpa -
re;jpuDf;F MWf;F xU tPnl ,Uf;Fk;nghJ
kw;w fpuf';fs; xt;bthd;wpw;Fk; ,uz;L
tPLfs; ,Uf;fpd;wd.
vdnt xUth; $hjfj;jpy; yhghjp gjpahf
,Uf;Fk; xU fpufk; ntbwhU bfl;l !;jhd
mjpgjpahf ,Ug;gJk; cz;L. mg;nghJ
Fwpg;gpl;l yhgk; fpilf;fj; jil
bfhLf;fpwJ.
xUtUf;F yhghjpgjp jprh my;yJ g[f;jp
fhyj;jpy; vy;yhtw;wpYk; yhgk;
Vw;gLbkd;W n$hjplh; brhd;dhy; epr@
rak; gyd; cz;lhFk;.
cjhuzkhf nk# yf;fpdj;jpy; gpwe;j
xUtUf;F yhghjpgjp rdp ahfpwhh;.
,Ug;gpDk; nk# yf;fpdf; fhuh;fSf;F
fhhpa !;jhdkhd nfe;jpu !;jhdk; bgw;w
rdpf;F yf;fpdhjpgjp brt;tha[ld;
cwt[ rhp ,y;yhjjhy;
gjpbdhuhkplj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy; vjph; ghuhj
f#;l/ e#;l gyd;fns mtd; jirapy; $hjfUf;F
Vw;gLj;Jthh;.
yhgj;ij ek;gpdhy; Vkhw;wnk kp";rp
tpLk;.gjpndhuhkplj;jpy ;epd;w rdp
b$d;k yf;fpdj;ijg; ghh;g;gjhy; $hjfhpd;
eila[ilghtidapYk; RWRWg;g[ Fiwe;J
ke;jepiyna cz;lhFk;.
mLj;J hp#g yf;dj;ij vLj;Jf; bfhz;lhy;
yhghjpgjpahd FU 8 Mk; tPl;Lf;Fhpath;
vd;gjhy; yf;dhjpgjpahd Rf;fpuDld;
el;g[wt[ rhp ahf ,y;yhjjhYk; FU
yhghjpgjpahf ,Ue;Jk; ew;gyd;fis
vjph; ;ghh;f;f KoahJ.
FUtpd; fhufkhd gjtp cah;t[/ mjpf jd
gpuhg;jp/ g[j;jpu rt[f;fpak;/ bja;t
tHpghL/FU cgnjrk; aht[k; Vw;wj;jhH;t[
bfhz;ljhfnt ,Uf; Fk;.
mLj;J kpJd yf;fpdj;ij vLj;Jf; bfhz;lhy;
yhghjpgjpahf brt; tha; tUfpwhh;.
mtnu Mwhk; tPl;Lf;Fk; mjpgjpahfj;
jpfH;fpwhh;. yf; ;fpdhjpgjpa[ld;
brt;tha; nrUk; nghJ
re;njfj;jpw;Fhpajhifahy; brt;thapd;
fhuj;jpdhy; Vw;gLk; yhgk; kpJd
yf;df;fhuh;fs; vjph; ghh;f;f KoahJ.
vdnt rnfhju xw;Wik/ tPL/ epyk;
nghd;w !;jpu brhj;Jf;fspy; ,th;fSf;F
fz;og;ghf rpf;fiy cz;lhf;Fk;. kw;Wk;
mof;fo kUj;Jt bryt[fis cz;lhf;fpLk;.
mLj;jgoahf flf yf;fpdj;jpw;F tUnthk;.
flf yf;fpdj; jpw;F 11f;F cilath;
Rf;fpud;. ,th; yf;fpdhjpgjpahd
re;jpudplk; btWg;g[ bfhs;tjhy; flf
yf;fpdf;fhuhfSf;F Rf;fpud; fhufj;jhy;
Vw; gLk; gyd;fis mjpfk;
brhy;tjw;fpy;iy.
vdnt fztd;/kidtp/ Rfk;/ bgz;fshy; Rfk;/
MilMguz Rfk;/ tz;o thfd Rfk;
Kjypadt[k; FSikahd Mfhuk;
Fsph;r@@rpahd ghdk; Kjypadt[k;
$hjfUf;F jpUg;jpiaj; juhJ.
vy;yh rt[fhpa';fSk; ,Ue;Jk; ,g;gyd;fis
mDgtpf;f Koahj Fiw ,th;fs; kdij
vg;nghJk; thl;oago ,Uf;Fk;.
nkw;fz;l ehd;F yf;fpd';fSf;Fk;
yhghjpgjpahf tUk; fpufnk 10Mk;
mjpgjpahft[k;/ 8 Mk; mjpgjpahft[k;/ 6
Mk; mjpgjpahft[k; kw;bwhU ghghjp
gj;jpaj;jpy; tYg;gJ ftdpf;fj; jf;fJ.
rpk;k yf;fpdj;ij vLj;Jf; bfhz;lhy; ,e;j xU
yf;fpdj;jpw;F xU jdp rpwg;g[ cz;L.
yhghjpgjpa[k; jdhjpgjpa[k; g[jd;
vd;gjhy; fy;tp/ khkd; epiy/ fiy Mh;tk;/
kfpH;r@rp/ tpahghuj;jpy; nkd;ik
,Jnghd;w mDTykhd gyd;fisf;
Fiwapd;wp thhp tH';Fk;.
yf;fpdhjpgjpahd Nhpadpd;
bjhlh;g[ nrh;f;if g[jDf;F cz;lh dhYk;
Vw;wkhd gyd;fisf; Fiwapd;wp thhp
tH';Fk;.
,e;j yf;fpdj;jpw;F ghjfhjp brt;tha;
g[jidtpl tYj;Jf; fhzg;gl;lhy; mjpf
bfLgyd;fisr@ bra;tjpy; brt;thna g[jid
kp";R fpwhh;. xUf;fhy; !jhd nrh;f;ifg;
gydhy; g[jDila ew;gyd;fs; Fiwayhnk
jtpu kw;w yhghjpgjpfSf;Fr@ brhd;d
bfLgyd;fs; ,';nf TwKoahJ.
fd;dp yf;fpdj;jpw;F yhghjp gjpahd
re;jpud; xnu Mjpgj;jpak; cilatd;
vd;whYk; rhkhdpa gyd;fns
cz;lhf;fptpLfpwhh;.
fd;dpah yf;fpdj;Jf;F re;jpud; xUtnu
yhghjpgjpahf tUtJ nghy; Jyh
yf;fpdj;jpw;Fk; xUth; kl;Lnk
yhghjpgjpahf te;jhYk; re;jpuid nghy;
mDTykhd gy idf; bfhLf;fkhl;lhh;.
fhuzk;/ yf;fpdhjpgjpahd Rf;fp uDf;F
Nhpad; ey;ytd; ,y;iy. vdnt Nhpadhy;
cz;lhf;ff; Toa fhuf gyd;fs; aht[k; Jyhk;
yf;fpdj;jtUf;F fpilf;fg;bgwhJ.
,e;j mikg;ghy; \j;j rnfhjuk; ,Uf;f jil
Vw;gLk;. ,J nghd; witfisa[k; fzf;fpl;L
gyd;fis bjspthf Muha;e;J TWtJ cj;jkk;.
lhf;lh; ghyn$hrpa Rthkp
4/ Knu!; nfl; rhiy/
MH;thh;ngl;il/ brd;id-18.
,uz;lhtJ kidtp
KUF ghyKUfd;/
eP-1 Kjy; jsk;/ b$kpdp ghh;rd; fkh;rpay;
fhk;g;sf;!;/
1- nfhlk;ghf;fk; beL";rhiy/ brd;id-6
,d;iwa ,e;j cyfpy; thGk; ehk; midtUk;
vy;yh trjpfSk; bgw;W thHnt
Mirg;gLfpnwhk;. mjw;fhf gy;ntW
Vw;wj;jhH;t[fis vjph; bfhs;fpnwhk;.
kdpjdpd; thH;tpy; kpf Kf;fpakhd xd;W
jpUkzk; MFk;. xUtDf;F xUj; jpahf
thH;tJ ,e;jpa ehl;od; gz;g[. rpy
neu';fspy; rpy NH;;epiy fhuzkhf rpyuJ
kz thH;t[ kfpH;r@rpapy;yhky; mike;J
tpLfpwJ. vg;nghJ vd;why; xU Mz; ,U
jpUkzk; bra;J bfhs;Sk; nghJ rpy bgz;fs;
j';fspd; tpjpahy; ,uz;lhk; jhukhf
bry;Yk; NH;epiy/ kidtpia ,He;j tiu
jpUkzk; bra;J bfhs;Sk; NH;epiy
fhuzkhf tajhd Miz ,uz;lhk; jhukhf
jpUkzk; bra;J bfhs;s nehpLfpwJ. xU
fd;dpg;bgz; ,uz;lhk; jhukhf jpUkzk;
bra;J bfhs;s vd;d fpuf mikg;g[
,Uf;fntz;Lk; vd ,';F ghh;g;nghkh.
bghJthf b$d;k yf;fpdj;jpw;F 7-k; tPL
fsj;jpu !;jhdk; MFk;. fsj;jpu !;jhdkhd 7-
k; tPl;oy; rdpgfthd; gyk; bgw;W
ghtpfs; nrh;f;if bgw;W mikag;
bgw;whYk; 7-y; rdp mikag; bgw;W
Rgh;ghh;it ,y;yhJ ,Ue;jhYk; mg;bgz;
jd;idtpl tajpy; Kjph;e;j xUtiu jpUkzk;
bra;J bfhs;Sk; mikg;g[/ ,uz;lhk; jhukhf
bry;Yk; NH;epiy cz;lhfpwJ. mJnghy 7-
k; tPL kfuk;/ Fk;gkhf mike;J mjpy;
ghtpfs; NH;e;J fhzg;gl;lhy; tajhd tiu
kzf;Fk; NH;epiy cz;lhfpwJ. 7-y; rdp/
re;jpud; uhF nrh;f;if cz;lhFk;nghJ
cWjpahf ,uz;lhk; jhukhf bry;Yk;
mikg;g[ cz;lhfpwJ.
b$d;k yf;fpdj;jpw;F 7-k; tPL
fsj;jpu !;jhdkhFk;. 7-f;F 6k; tPlhd 12-
k; tPL fsj;jpu tHpapy; vjphpia
Fwpf;Fk; !;jhdkhFk;. 12-y; ghtpfs;
NH;e;J fhzg;gLtJ 12-k; mjpgjpghtpfs;
nrh;f;if bgw;W fhzg;gLtJ nghd;w
mikg;g[ Vw;gLk; gl;rj;jpy; ,uz;lhk;
jhukhf jpUkzk; bra;a[k; NH;epiy/
fztDf;F ,d;bdhU bgz; kidtpahf tUk;
NH;epiy cz; lhfpwJ.
mJnghy b$d;k yf;fpdj;jpw;F 4-k; tPL
Rf!;jhdkhFk;. Rf!;jhdkhd 4-k; tPL
ghjpf;fg;gl;lhy; ,y; yw thH;tpy;
gpur@rpid mjpfhpf;Fk;. xU bgz;
$hjfj;jpy; 4-y; ghtpfs; mikag;
bgw;whYk; Nhpad;/ uhF nrh;f;if/
Nhpad;/ rdpnrh;f;if/ rdp/
brt;tha;ghh;it 4-k; tPl;ow;F mikag;
bgw;whYk; mg;bgz;zpd; fztUf;F
kw;bwhU kidtp mika[k;
mikg;g[ cz;lhFk;.
bghJthf bghd;dtd; vdg; nghw;wg;gLk;
FU gfthd; fsj;jpu !;jhd khd 7-k;
tPl;ila[k; 12-k; tPl;ila[k; FU bgz;zpd;
$hjfj;jpy; ghh;it bra;jhy; vt;tst[ njh#k;
,Ue;jhYk; bfLjpfs; Fiwe;J ew;gyd;fs;
cz;lhFk;.
vl;lhk; ghtj;jpy; nahfk; - kuzk;
$hjfdpd; vl;lhk; ghtj;jpy; Rgh; ,Ue;jhy;
jdyhgKk; jPh;fha[S ila $hjfk;. cr@r/
Ml;rp/ el;g[/ uhrpfspy; vl;lhk; ghtj;jpy;
,Ug;gth;fs; jPh;f;fha[isj; jUthh;fs;.
jd;Dila ePr/ rj;U uhrpfis milgth;fshy;
vl;oy; ,Uf;Fk; Nhpad; njf brsf;fpak;/
jdk; ,tw;iw ehrkhf;Fthd;. Nhpad; 8-
Mk; ghtj;jpy; Ml;rp/ cr@rk; ,Ue;jhy;
nrhfkpy;yhj thH;t[k; epk;kjp iaa[k;
cilatd;. nja;gpiwr@ re;jpud; ,Uf;fg;
gpwe;j $hjfd; "hdKk; fy;tpa[k; ey;y
+gKilatdhft[k; ,Ug;ghd;. Mdhy;
rPf;fpunk kuzkilthd;. tsh;gpiwr@
re;jpud; vl;lhk; ghtj;jpypUf;Fk; $hjfd;
ew;FzKila mwpthspahf ,Ug;ghd;. ePz;l
Ma[isa[k; cilatd;. g[jd; vl;lhk;
ghtj;jpypUf;f/ mur dhft[k;/ jd;
Fyj;jpw;F bgUika[ilatdhft[k; muridg;
nghd;w thH;t[k; cilatd;. g[jd;
m!;jkdk;/ ePrk; MfpapUe;jhy;
,tw;wpw;F neh;khwhd gyid milthd;.
FU vl;lhk; ghtj;jpy; ,Uf;f $hjfd;
jPh;f;fha[Sila $hjfd;. Rf;fpud; vl;oy;
,Uf;f $hjfd; murDf;F rkkhd thH;ita[k;
bgW thd;.
rdp/ ranrj;jpuk; my;yJ jd;Dila cr@r
uhrpapypUe;J Rgh; ghh;j; jpl vl;lhk;
ghtj;jpypUe;jhy; $hjfd; jPh;f;fha[is
cilatdhthd;. ePr\l m!;jkd uhrpfspy;
rdp ,Ue;jhy; mw;g Ma[isa[ila $hjfnk.
m#lkj;njhd; ghgUld; To yf;fpdj;jpy;
,Uf;ft[k;/ vl;lhk; ghtj;jpy; ,Ue;jhYk;
MW/ vl;L gd;dpbuz;lhk; ght';fspy;
,Uf;f $hjfd; mw;g taJilatnd.
vl;Lf;Filatd; vl;lhk; ,lj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy;
$hjfd; jPh;f;fha[s; cs;nshd;.
Rgh;fs; MW/ vl;L/ gd;dp buz;lhk;
ght';fis mile;jpUe;jhy; jPh;f;fha[s;
$hjfnk. vl;lhk; ghthjpgjpa[k; ,td;dhjp
gjpa[k; mth;fspd;
el;g[ nrj;jpu';fspypUe;jhYk; Nhpad;
vl;Lf;F mjp gjpahdhYk; Ma[is tpUj;jp
bra;thh;. vl;Lf;Filnahd; jd; cr@r
tPl;oy; ,Ue;jhy; jpt;tpa !;jyj;jpy; $hjfd;
kuzk; milthd;. rdpa[k;/ re;jpuDk;
vl;lhk; ghtj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy; $hjfd;
eufnyhfk; milthd;.
gj;jpy; brt;tha; ,Uf;f Nhpad; ehd;fhk;
ghtj;jpy; ,Ue;jhYk; $hj fd; fy;yhy;
mogl;L ,wg;ghd;. ehd;fpy;
rdpapUe;jhYk; $hjfdpd;
,wg;g[ fpzw;wpy; tpGtjhy; Vw;gLk;.
Nhpad; Ie;jpypUf;f rdp yf;fpdj;jpYk;/
brt;tha; xd;gjpYk;/ re;jpud; gj;jhk;
ghtj;jpypUe;jhYk; $hjfd;
mof;fg;gl;L ,wg;ghd;.
b$d;k yf;fpdj;jpw;F ehd;fpy;
brt;thapUe;J gj;jhkplj;jpy; Nhpad;
,Ue;jhYk; $hjfd; thfdj;jpypUe;J
tpGtjhnyh my;yJ thfd tpgj;jpnyh
kuzkilthh;. yf;fpdj;jpy; NhpaDk;/
Ie;jpy; brt;tha[k;/ re;jpud; vl;lhk;
ghtj;jpy; ,Ue;jhYk;/ Rth; ,oe;J nkny
tpGtjhYk;/ ,o tpGtjhYk; kuzKz;lhFk;.
gj;Jf;Filatd;/ yf;dhjpgjp nfe;jpuk;
my;yJ jphpnfhz';fspy; ,Ue;jhy; $hjfd;
jPh;f;fha[Silatd;. ml;lkhjpgjpa[ld;
ToapUg; gth; nahffhufuhdhy; mth;
jpirapy; kuzKz;lhFk;. Rgh;fSk;/
ghgh;fSk; fye;J MW/ vl;L/
gd;dpbuz;lhk; ght';fis mile; jpUe;jhy;
$hjfd; kj;jpk taJilatd;.
5 Kjy; 12 tiu fpufk; epw;Fk; gyd;fs;*
tp.rp.fpUghde;jk;/
84-38 rp';fhuk; bjU/ Fk;gnfhzk;-612001
Ie;jhk; tPL-
,e;j tPl;il g{h;tg[z;zpa!;jhdk; vd;Wk;/
g[j;jpu !;jhdk; vd;Wk;/ ke;j;u !;jhdk;
vd;Wk; brhy;yg;gLk;.
Nhpad;- g[j;jpu njh#k;/
brsf;fpaf;Fiwt[.
re;jpud;- ey;y g[j;jp/ "hdtpUj;jp.
g[jd;- ey;y g[j;jp/ bja;tgf;jp/ g[j;jpu
tpUj;jp.
FU- g[j;jpufpnyrKz;lhFk;/ ey;y g[j;jp/
rh!;jpu "hdk;.
Rf;fpud;- bry;tk;/ gpug[j;Jtk;/
g[j;jpuyhgk;.
rdp- g[j;jpufpnyrk;/ r";ry kdk;.
,uhF- g[j;uhhp#lk;.
nfJ- g[z;zpa gyd;/ jhd jh;kk;/ rh!;jpu
"hdk;.
Mwhk; tPL- Nhpad;- !j;fPh;j;jp/ nahfk;/
rj;U b$ak;.
re;jpud;- fPh;j;jpailjy;/ btF $d';fis
u&pj;jy;/ g{h;z re;jpudhdhy;
h;zha[!%k;/ &pz re;jpudhy; my;gha[!
%k; Vw;glyhk;.
brt;tha;-fPh;j;jp/ IRthpak;/rj;U b$ak;.
g[jd;- nrhk;gy;/ ep#?u thf;F.
FU- ke;jpu gpunahfk;/ jPh;j;j!; ehdk;/
g[z;zpakiljy;/ n$hjp#k;/
g[uhzkwpjy;.
Rf;fpud;- rj;U cz;lhFk;/ $y fz;lk;/
tpisahl;L g[j;jp.
rdp- jdk;/ nghfk;/ rj;Ub$ak;/ ijhpathd;.
uhF- Ma[s; tpUj;jp/ jdg; gpuhg;j;jp
nfJ- nahfk;/ rj;Ub$ak;.
VHhk; tPL- Nhpad;- rhPugPil/
j;tpfsj;uk;/ J#l fsj;uk;.
re;jpud;- rhe;jk;/ mHfpa fsj;uk;.
brt;tha;- fsj;u njh#k;/ nuhfk;.
g[jd;- mHF/ ey;y kidtp/ Rfk;.
FU- !j;fsj;uk;/ thfd Rfk;/ g[j;u ghf;ak;.
Rf;fpud;- jdthd;/ fsj;u
njh#k;/ !;j;hPrgyk;.
rdp- F+u my;yJ m+g fsj;uk;.
,uhF- fsj;u njh#k;/ !;j;hPahy; mtkhdk;/
g[j;unjh#k;.
nfJ- fsj;u mhp#lk;/ mDrpj !;j;hPnghfd;.
vl;lhk; tPL- Nhpad;- kj;jpk Ma[s;/
nej;unuhfk;/ kd!;jhgk;.
re;jpud;- fgnuhfk;/ fz;zpy; nuhfk;/
$ygPjp/ jdehrk;.
brt;tha;- mw;gMa[s;/ fsj;u njh#k;/ rj;U
gPil/ bfLjy;.
g[jd;- ke;j;uk;/ ntjk;/ jdk;/ jPh;f;fha[s;/
rk;gj;J.
FU- jPh;f;fha[s;/ g[j;jpuhhp#lk;.
Rf;fpud;- jPh;f;fha[s;/ jdk;/ rh!;jpu
"hdk;.
rdp- jPh;f;fha[s;/ jhpj;jpuk;/
bjhHpypy; epiyapd;ik/ jdtpuak;.
,uhF- tp#gPjp my;yJ !h;g;g fz;lk;.
nfJ- kidtpf;F mhp#lk;.
xd;gjhk; tPL- ,e;j tPL g{h;t
g[z;a!;jhdk;/ gpjh!;jhdk;/ ghf;a!;
jhdk; vdg;gLk;.
Nhpad;- jhh;kPf Fzk;/ nfhgp/
gpj;UgPil/ jdthd;.
re;jpud;- Rgkhd jh;kg[j;u yhgk;/ \d;W
ghi#fs; mwpjy;/ jh;kthd;/ Rfthd;/ y&kp
flh&k;.
brt;tha;- gpjht[f;F f#lk;/
gpj;Ubrhj;Jehrk;/ F+uRghtk; nghd;wit.
g[jd;- tpj;thd;/ jd thd;/ Mrhuk;/ btF
g[fH;.
FU- !j;g[j;u ghf;ak;/ ey;yg[j;jp/
MrhurPyd;/ Fzthd;/ g[ydlf;fk; cs;std;.
Rf;fpud;- ey;y ghf;ak;/ y&kp flh&k;.
rdp-,#l $dtpnuhjp/ mw;gjdk;/
gpjhhp#lk;/ mw;g nghjp.
,uhF- g{kp bghUs; yhgk;/ g[j;u e#lk;/
mHp ahr@ bry;tk;.
nfJ- gpj;U ghf;aQPdk;/ jhpj;uk;/
g[z;aj;jil.
gj;jhk; tPL- ,J $Ptd !;jhdkhFk;.
Nhpad;- ahr!;tp/ gythd;/ ey;y bjhHpy;/
jdk;.
re;jpud;- ey;y vz;zKs;s Mrhuthd;.
brt;tha;- kjf;fhhparhjfd;/ gpug[/ y&kp
flh&k;/ ey;y fy;tp/ "hdrpj;jp.
g[jd;- rj;athd;/ "hdp/ gythd;/ g[j;uthd;.
FU- jdthd;/ bgUk;g[fH;/ Rfthd;/ cah;e;j
cj;nahfk;.
Rf;fpud;- ey;y fPh;j;jp/ Rgfukhd
bra;iffs;/ cj;nahfk;/ gFg[j;u nahfk;.
rdp- ke;jphpf;F rkkhd gjtp/ gpurpj;jp/
jdk;/ b$ak;/ jz;lidaply;.
,uhF- mw;g g[j;jpud;/ g[z;a
jPh;j;j !;jhdk;/ bghpnahhplk; gzpt[.
nfJ- tpntfp/ uh$h';f nrit/ jhd jh;kk;
Kjypad.
gjpndhwhk; tPL- Nhpad;- jPh;f;fha[s;/
gpjht[f;F mhp#lk;/ nrhfk; fpilahJ.
re;jpud;- ey;y kdJ/ jdk;/ g[j;u
gpuhg;jp.
brt;tha;- gpjht[f;F mhp#lk;/ jdk;/ Rfk;/
!j;njh#k;.
g[jd;- jPh;f;fha[s;/ jdk;.
FU- jdthd;/ gpurpj;jd;.
Rf;fpud;- jdthd;/ Rfk;.
rdp- Ma[s; tpUj;jp/ jdyh gthd;/ Nud;.
,uhF- gpjht[f;F mhp#lk;/ jdgpuhg;jp.
nfJ- g[z;athd;/ jhh;kPfd;.
12-k; tPL Nhpad;- gpjht[f;F mhp#lk;/
ijhpak;/ nej;unuhfk;.
re;jpud;- me;epa njrthrk;/ Nud;.
brt;tha;- F+u Rghtk;/ mjh;k fhhpa';fis
bra;gtd;. rhf!k; cs;std;.
g[jd;- nahfthd;/ F+ud;.
FU- g[j;jpkhd;/ nahfthd;/ mdhrhuk;.
Rf;fpud;- nahfthd;/ ujp Rfk;.
rdp- rj;Ughij/ mw;gjdk;/ nuhfk;.
,uhF- brythsp/ $y !h;g;gfz;lk;.
nfJ-"hdk;/ jdk;/ nkh& gpuhg;jp.
uhF - rdp nrh;f;if
et nfhs;fspy; mRgh;fspy;
bfhLk;ghtpfs; vd;W Twg;gLk; uhF -
rdpapd; nrh;f;if vz;zpg;ghh;f;f Koahj
tpj;jpahrkhd gyd;fis cz;lhf;Ffpd;wdh;.
bghJthf ,isikf;fhyj;jpy; mjpfkhd nrhj
idfisa[k;/ KJikaile;j fhyj;jpy;
Vw;w';fisa[k; bfhLj;jpLk; uhF gfthd;
-rdpa[ld; nrh;f;if bgw;W uhF gfthdpd;
jprhg[j;jp fhyj;jpy; jPagHf;f tHf;f';fSf;F
MshFk; epiya[k;/ bfl;l ez;gh;fSld; rfthr
Kk;/ bgz;fspd; \ykhf mtg;bgaiua[k;
thH;f;ifapy; ed; ikfs; eilbgWtjpy; gy;
ntW tifapy; jilfisa[k; ,ila{W fisa[k;
cz;lhf;fp mDTykw;w gyd;fis
bfhLf;fpd;whh;.
uhF/rdp,UtUk; ,ize;J b$d;k
yf;fpdj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy; cly; epiyapy;
ghjpg;g[k;/ Mnuhf;fpak; ,y;yhj
thH;t[ jPa gHf;f tHf;f'; fs; gy jPa
tHpfspy; rk;ghjpf;Fk; NH;epiya[k;
cz;lhfpwJ. mnj rkak; Rgfpuf ghh;it
,y;yhky; ,Ug;gJk; gy;ntW ,ila{Wfis
cz;lhf;Fk;.
FLk;g!;jhdkhd ,uz;oy; uhF/ rdp ,ize;J
fhzg;gl;lhy; FLk;g thH;tpy; epk;kjp
,y;yhj epiy/ jpUkzk; mika jhkjk;
nghd;w mRg gyd;fs; cz;lhfpwJ.
mJt[k; ,y;yhky; 2-y; uhF - rdp mikag;
bgw;W ve;j tajpy; uhF jpir/ rdp jpir
te;jhYk; uhF g[j;jp rdp g[j;jp te;jhYk;
me;j tajpw;F Vw;g FLk;g thH;tpy;
gphpt[/ epk;kjp ,y;yhj NH;epiy
cz;lhfpwJ. gpwf;Fk; nghnj 2-y; rdp/
uhF ,ize;J uhF jpir rdpjpr eil bgw;why;
jha;/ je;ijiag; gphpa[k; epiy cz;lhfpwJ.
jpUkz fhyj;jpy; uhFjpir rdp jpir
eilbgw;why; jpUkzk; mika jhkjk;/
mg;gona mike;jhYk;; gphpt[/
epk;kjp ,y;yhj NH;epiy cz;lhfpwJ.
b$d;k yf;fpdj;jpw;F 3-y; uhF/ rdp ,ize;J
,Ue;jhy; ,isa rnfhju njh#k; cz;lhdhYk;
vLf;Fk; Kaw;rpf;F btw;wp/ mDTyk;/
jdpg;gl;l jpwikahy; nkd;ik mila[k;
NH;epiy cz;lhfpwJ. 3-y; uhF/ rdp
,Ug;gJ mjpf ijhpaj;ij cz;lhf;Fk;.
b$d;k yf;fpdj;jpw;F 4-y; uhF/ rdp ,ize;J
,Ug;gjhy; Rfnghf thH;tpw;F ,ila{W/
epk;kjp ,y;yhj epiy/ brhe;j tPL/ kid
mika jhkjk; cz;lhfpwJ. bgz;qf;F 4-y;
rdp/ uhF mikag;bgw;why; gy Mz;
bjhlh;g[ cz;lhfpwJ. mJ kl;Lkpy;yhky;
kw;wth;fis ftUk; jpwd; cz;lhfpwJ.
4-y; rdp/ uhF mikag;bgWtJ \yk;
fy;tpapy; jil ,ila{W cz; lhfpwJ. Rgfpuf
ghh;itnah nrh;f;ifnah ,y;yhtpl;lhy;
fy;tp fw;f Koahj NH;epiy cz;lhfpwJ.
b$d;k yf;fpdj;jpw;F 5-y; uhF/ rdp ,ize;J
,Ue;jhy; g{h;tPf tHpapy; mDTykw;w
gyd;/ cah; fy;tpf;Fj;jil/ g[j;jpunjh#k;
cz; lhfpwJ.
b$d;k yf;fpdj;jpw;F 6-y; uhF/ rdp ,ize;J
,Ue;jhy; vjphp fis vspjpy; tPH;j;Jk;
jpwd;/ thH;tpy; nkd;ik Vw;wk;
cz;lhFk;. vjph;g;g[fs; cz;lhdhYk;
vjph;g; ngnahfkhFk; NH;epiy Vw;gLk;.
b$d;k yf; fpdj;jpw;F 7-y; uhF rdp ,ize;J
mikag;bgw;why; fz;og;ghf ,U jhu
nahfk; cz;lhfpwJ. mJ Mzhf ,Ue;jhYk;
bgz;zhf ,Ue;jhYk; fz;og;ghf ,Ujhuk;
cz;lhFk; NH;epiy Vw;gLk;. 7-y; rdp/
uhF ,ize;J ,Ue;jhy; Tl;Lj; bjhHpy; \yk;
mDTykw;w gyd; cz;lhFk;.
b$d;k yf;fpdj;jpw;F 8-y; rdp/ uhF ,ize;J
,Ue;jhy; rpy ufrpa cly;epiy ghjpg;g[/
rdp jpir/ uhF jpir/ rdp g[j;jp/ uhF g[j;jp
fhyj;jpy; vjph;ghuhj tpgj;Jfis re;jpf;Fk;
NH;epiy Vw;gLk;. bgz;qf;F 8-y; uhF/
rdp ,ize;J ,Ue;jhy; fLikahd kh';fy;a
njh#k; cz;lhfpwJ. jpUkzk; bra;a[k;nghJ
ey;y Ma[s; gyk; cs;stiu ghh;j;J jpUkzk;
bra;a ntz;Lk;.
rdp/ uhF ghf;fpa!;jhdkhd 9-k; tPl;oy;
mikag; bgw;why; je;ij njh#j;ija[k;/
je;ijaplk; fUj;J ntWghl;ila[k;/ je;ijahy;
$hj fUf;F mDTykw;w gyDk; cz;lhfpwJ.
ghf;fpa hPjpahf bghd;/ bghUs;
nrh;g;gjw;Fk; gy;ntW ,ila{Wfis
cz;lhf;FfpwJ.
b$d;k yf;fpdj;jpw;F $Ptd!; jhdkhd 10-
y; rdp/ uhF ,ize;J fhzg;gl;lhy; gy;ntW
nghuhl;lj;ij re;jpj;jhYk; bjhHpy; cj;jp
nahf hPjpahf ey;y Kd;ndw;wj;ij
re;jpf;Fk; NH;epiy cz;lhFk;.
$Ptd!;jhdj;jpy; rdp/ uhF mikag
;bgw;why; gy cd;dj gyd;fis mila
Koa[k;.
b$d;k yf;fpdj;jpw;F yhg!;jhdkhd 11-y;
rdp/ uhF mikag; bgw;why; bghUshjhu
hPjpahf ey;y nkd;ik Kd;ndw;wk;
cz;lhdhYk; \j;j rnfhju njh#j;ija[k;
fsj;jpu hPjpahf rpwpJ njh#j;ija[k;
cz;lhf;Fk;.
$hjf nahf';fs;
xt;bthUtUila $hjf';fspYk; gytpjkhd
nahf';fs; cs;sd. ,tw;iw ,e;j fl;Liuapy;
fhz;nghk;. mtw;wpy; ed;ikia bra;af;
Toa nahf';fis ghh;g;nghk;.
re;jpudhy; Vw;gLk; nahf';fs;„
f$nfrhp nahfk;„
re;jpuDf;F 1/4/7/10 Mfpa ,l';fspy;
FU ,Ue;jhy; ,e;j nahfk; Vw;gLfpwJ.
JUjuh nahfk;„
re;jpuDf;F Kd;Dk; gpd;Dk; uhF/ nfJ/
Nhpad; ,e;j \d;W fpuf';fs; jtpu Vida
fpuf';fs; ,Ue;jhy; ,e;j nahfk; mika[k;.
tdgh nahfk;„
re;jpuDf;F 12 tJ uhrpapy; uhF/ nfJ jtpu
Vida fpuf';fs; ,Ue;jhy; ,e;j nahfk;
mika[k;.
re;jpu k';fs nahfk;„
re;jpud;/ brt;tha; nrh;e;jhYk;
re;jpuDf;F 1/4/7/10 Mfpa ,l';fspy;
brt;tha; ,Ue;jhYk; ,e;jnahfk;
Vw;gLfpd;wJ.
mjpnahfk;„
re;jpuDf;F 6/7/8 Mfpa \d;W ,l';fspy;
Rgfpufk; VjhtJ xd;W ,Ue;jhy;
,e;jnahfk; Vw;gLfpd;wJ.
mdgh nahfk;„
re;jpuDf;F ,uz;lhk; tPl;oy; Nhpad;/
uhF/ nfJ ,e;j fpuf';fs; jtpu Vida
fpuf';fs; epd;why; ,e;j nahfk;
Vw;gLfpd;wJ.
,e;j nahf';fspy; VjhtJ xU nahfk;
$hjfUf;F ,Ue;jhy; tPL/ thfdk;/ g[fH;/
fth;r@rpahd mikg;g[ kw;Wk; ed;ikahd
gyd;fs; elf;
Mwhk; ,lk;
lhf;lh; nf.Jiurhkp/ vk;.n$.vg;.gpvr@o/
357-gd;dPh;efh;/ Kfg;ngh;/ brd;id-58.
xd;gJ fpuf';fspy; Rgfpuf';fs;
ehy;tuhft[k; ghgpfs; Ituhft[k;
bray;gLfpd;wd. bghJthf Rgh;fs;/
kiwtpl';fspy; mJt[k; Mwhk; ,lj;jpy;
mkuhky; ,Ug;gnj ed;W vd;W
Twg;gl;Ls;sJ.
nfe;jpu nfhz';fspy; mkh;e;J ,Ug;gnj
Kf;fpakhf fUjg;gLfpwJ. Mdhy; \d;W
nghd;w !;jhd';fspy; mkh;e;J
,Uf;Fnkahdhy; ,itfs; me;j $hjfUf;F
thH;ehs; g{uht[k; KG gyj;ij bfhLf;Fk;.
tHf;F/ g";rhaj;J/ nghyP!; nghd;w
JiwfspYk; gf;fgykhf epd;W btw;wpia
njo jUk;. cUt njhw;wj;jpYk; xU fk;gPu
njhw;wj;ij me;j $hjfUf;F mspf;ff;ToaJ
MFk;.
\d;W !;jhd';fspYk; ghgf; nfhy;
mkh;e;J ,Uf;Fnkahdhy;
bghJthH;f;ifapYk; murpay; JiwapYk;
xUtpjkhd Kd;ndw;wj;ij jUk;.
mnj rkak; MW/ \d;W Mfpa !;jhd';fspy;
mkh;e;J ,Uf;Fk; ghgf;fpufj;jpDila jpir
tUk; fhyj;jpy; rj;JU/ tpiuak;/ Jnuhfk;
nghd;w \d;Wk; mjw;F nkw;gl;l Jd;g';fis
mDgtpf;f bra;a[k;. Mwpy; ghgfpuf';fs;
,Uf;fyhk;. Mdhy; me;jj;jpir tuf;TlhJ.
mij kPwp tUnkahdhy;/ gy Jd;g';fis
re;jpf;f ntz;otUk;. fld; bjhy;iy/ gpy;yp
Nd;ak; nghd;w rpf;fy;fspy;
khl;of;bfhz;L me;j fhyf;fl;lj;jpy; kpFe;j
mt!;ijf;F cs;shf;Fk;. rpy neu';fspy;
nehapdhy; kuzk; mila ntz;o tUk;.
,e;j $hjfUf;F kidtpnahL rz;il Vw;gl;L/
FLk;gj;jpy; FHg; gk; Vw;gLk;.
mnjrkak;/ gd;dpbuz;L my;yJ xd;gjhk;
,lj;jpy; "hdfhufd; nfJ mkh;e;J
,Uf;Fnkahdhy; ,j;jifa Mwhkhjp jpirapy;
,y;ywj;ij tpl;L Jwe;J "hdkhh;f;fj;ij njo
rhkpahuhf bry;Yk; epiyikia Vw;gLj;Jk;.
gy fhy';fs; fhL/ kiyfs; Vwp Rw;wp
jphpe;J "hdk; fpilj;J "hdp auhff;Toa
tha;g;g[k; cz;lhFk;.
Mwpy; ghgpfs; mkh;e;J ,Ug;gJ
kw;w !;jhd';fspy; mkh;e;J ,Uf;Fk;
jpirfSf;F Cl;lr@rj;jhf mika[nk jtpu me;j
fpufj;jpDila jpir tuf;TlhJ. ghgf;nfhs;
vd;W brhy;yf; Toa Nhpad;/ brt;tha;/
uhF/ nfJ/ rdp Mfpa Ie;J nfhs;fSf;Fk; ,it
bghUe;Jk;.
,tw;Ws; nahff;fhufd; vd;W brhy;yf;Toa
uhF gjpndhuhk; ,lj;jpy; mkh;e;J
,Uf;Fnkahdhy; kpft[k; rpwg;ghf
,Uf;Fk; vd;W n$hjpl E}y;fs;
Twpa[s;sd.
Vbddpy; yhg!;jhdk; vd;W
brhy;yf;Toa ,e;j ,lj;jpy; nahffhufd;
vd;W brhy;yf;Toa uhF gfthd; mkh;e;J
jpirtU nkahdhy; rpwe;j bry;tj;jpw;F
mjpgjp ahftuf; Toa tha;g;ig bfhLf;Fk;.
,e;j nahfk; jhd; bra;a[k; bjhHpy; my;yJ
tpahghuk; \ykhf epiw ntWk;. my;yJ
nu!;/ g[ijay;/ yhl;lhp nghd;witfSk;
,jpy; ml';Fk;. xU rpyUf;F btspehL
brd;W/ rk;ghjpg;gjd; \ykhf epiw
ntWk;.
Mfnt Mwhk; ghtk; kw;w fpufj;jpd;
jpirf;F Jizahf ,Ue;J ,j;jifa gyd;fs;
bfhLg;ghh; vd;gJ jpz;zk;. Mwhk;
ghtj;jhy; bgUk;ghYk; Mf;fnk jhnd jtpu
mHptpy;iy.
tpthfk;...
nf.Mh;. ntYr@rhkp/ mf;ufhuk; tPjp/
md;D}h;-641653.
jw;fhyj;jpy; Xust[ goj;Jtpl;lhny bgz;fs;
brhe;jf;fhypny epw;f ntz;Lk; vd;W
bgw;nwhnu Twp mth;fis vt;tst[ J}uk;
ntz;L khdhYk; ntiyf;F mDg;gp fhR
ghh;j;Jtpl epidf;fpd;wdh;.
rpyh; bgaUf;F jpUkzk; bra;J itj;Jtpl;L/
gpd; bgz;iz g[Fe;j tPl;oy;
bfhLikg;gLj;jg;gLfpwhh;fs; vd;W
Twpf;bfhz;L j';fs; tPl;Lf;nf miHj;J te;J
ntiyf;F mDg;g[fpd;wdh;.
rpW Fiwiaf; Tl bghWj;Jf; bfhs;s Koahj
mst[f;F bgz;fis bgw;nwhh; tsh;g;gJ
vjph;fhyj;jpy; FLk;g thH;f;if vd;w
xd;W ,Ue;jJ md;W vd;W TWk; mstpw;F
ngha;tpLk; mghak; cz;L.
vt;tst[jhd; gzj;ijf; bfhl;of;bfhLj;jhYk;
ntiyf;fhhpaplk; jhad;ig vjph;ghh;f;f
KoahJ. jpUkz mikg;g[ ,y;yhky;
nghdhy; tpgr@rhuk; bfho
fl;og;gwf;Fk;. neha;fs; bgUFk;.
md;g[ bgwhj FHe;ij jPtputhjpahf
khWthd;.
gog;gJ gzk; rk;ghjpf;f vd;fpw
kndhghtk; tp!;t+gk; vLj;J tpl;lJ.gzk;
kl;Lnk thH;f;if ,y;iy.
tpthfk; bra;J bfhz;lhy; f#lnkh/ e#lnkh
xU ntis f";rpna Foj;jhYk; fztDld;
thH;tJjhd;.
goj;J tpl;nlhk; vija[k; bjhlkhl;nlhk;
vd;why; nrw;wpy; ,w';fp ciHj;J
nrhw;Wf;F tHp bra;a ahh; tUthh;>
xU bgz;zpd; $hjfg;go ehd;fhk; tPl;oy;
uhF my;yJ rdp epd;why; mg;bgz;zpd;
jhahh; nkw;fz;l trdj;ij ngRgtuhf
,Ug;ghh;. kUkfid kjpf;fj;
bjhpahjtuhf ,Ug;ghh;.
ituj;ij vth; mzpayhk;>
vy;yhtw;wpw;Fk; mjph;#lf;fw;fs;
vd;W bgahpl;L miHj;jhYk;/ bkhj;j
fw;fSk; nahfj;ij ms;spj; jUkh> vd
RUf;fkhf Muha;tnj ,f;fl;Liuapd;
nehf;fk;. rh;f;fiu tpahjpapd;
cr@rfl;lj;jpy; elkhLk; xUegh;/ tPl;Lf;F
te;jhy; mtiu cgrhpf;fpnwhk; vd;w
nehf;fj;jpy; bey;iy my;th rhg;gpL';fs;/
nfhit bky;o'; ikNh;ghf; rhg;gp L';fs;/
ghRe;jp rhg;gpL';fnsd; vd eph;ge;jk;
bra;tJ ehk; mthpd; capUf;F itf;Fk;
ntl;L nghd;wnj- uhrpaw;w xt;thj fw;fis
mzpe;J mHF ghh;g;gJ mjd;gpd;
tpist[ ed;ikf;F gjpy; jPikf;F rptg;g[ fk;
gsk; tphpg;gJ nghd;wnj.
ituk; (zPwpx$aG) ,jid rk!;fpUjj;jpy;
t$;uk; vd TWth;. ituj; jpy; fUg;g[ -
bts;is/ nuh!;/ gp';/ rptg;g[/ gr@ir/
ePyk; nghd;w th;z';fspy;
fpilf;fg;bgWk;. Kf;nfhz totkhd
itukzpfis kfsph; mzptJ rpwg;ghdJ
vd;W tuhQpkpfpuh; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shh;.
vt;tst[ trjp gilj;njhUk; kfg;ngW
fhy';fspy; mjid mg;g[wg;gLj;JtJ
ghJfhg; ghdJ vd Rf;fpuePjp (mj;-4.gpu
2)y; fhzg;gLfpwJ.
ahh; -ahh; ,jid mzpayhk;>
5/ 14/ 23 ,e;j njjpfspy; ve;j khj';fspy;
gpwe;jpUe;jhYk; mzpe;J bfhs;syhk;.
fiy"h;fs;/ ghlfh;fs;/ eldkhLnthh;/ ehlf
eofh;fs; ,g;goahf fiyia rhh;e;J gzpg[hp
nthUf;F Rygkhf g[fiH cUthf;Fk;.
jpUkzj;jpd; gpd; kdjstpy;
tpyfpg;nghFk; fhjy; cs;s';fs; ,jid
mzpe;jhy; cwt[fs; beUf;f epiy mila[k;.
gd;dpbuz;L uhrpfspy; nk#uhrp
(khh;r@-21 Kjy; Vg; uy; 21 tiu)/
hp#gk; (Vg;uy; 21 Kjy; nk 21 tiu)/
kpJdk; (nk-21 Kjy; $^d; 21 tiu)/
rpk;kk; ($^iy -24 Kjy; Mf!;l; 23 tiu)/
Jyhk; (brg;lk;gh; -24 Kjy; mf;nlhgh; 23
tiu) gpwe;njhh; mzpe;jhy; ve;j
jPaita[k; elthJ fhg;ghw;wg;gLk;.
Rf;fpud; gykhf $hjfj;jpy; fhzg;gl;lhy;
ituk; bghUj;j khdJ.
nk# yf;fpdj;jhUf;F 8-k; ,lk;
khuf !;jhdk; Rf;fpuDilaJ- vdnt Rf;fpu
nkl;il Rw;wp mike; Js;s Ma[s; nuif
FWfpajhf ,Ue;jhy; ituk; mzptij jtph;f;f
ntz;Lk;.
hp#g yf;fpdj;jhUf;F „- itu Kk; ‡kufjKk;
(vkuhy;l;) mzpe;J bfhs;tJ gytpj ed;ik
fpilf;f tHp bra;a[k;.
kpJdyf;fpdj;jhUf;F„- 5/ 12
Rf;fpuDf;Fhpa ,lk;. g[jd; ‡ Rf;fpud;
ez;gh;fs;/ vdnt Rf;fpu jpir-g[j;jp
me;jpuk; Mfpa fhy';fspy; ituk; mzptJ
g[j;jp Th;ik/ g[fH;/ epk;kjp/ re;njh#k;/
ey;y vjph;fhyj;ij cUthf;Fk;.
rpk;k yf;fpdj;jhUf;F„- 2/ 4/ 5/ 7/ 9/ 10/
11-Mfpa ,l';fs; rhjfkhd gyid ju ituj;ij
mzptJ nkyhdJ.
tpUr@rpf yf;fpdj;jhh; ituk; mzpe;jhy;
ew;gyid tpl jPagyid cUthf;Fk;.
Fk;g yf;fpdj;jhUf;F nghjpa gyd; jUk;
tha;g;gpy;iy. ituj;ij - +gp (khzpf;fk;)/
Kj;J - gtsk; ,tw;Wld; ,izj;J nghLtij
jtph;g;gJ eyk; jUk;.
ituk; tpiy cah;e;jJ vdpDk; xd;wiu
fhul;iltpl rpW mstpy; nghLtJ cfe;jjy;y.
tpiy cah;e;j itu nkhjpuj;ij thdtpy;
njhd;Wk; fhyj;jpy; mjid nehf;fp fhz;
gpj;jhy; ePh;j;Jsp tUkhk;.
ey;y itukh> vd nrhjpf;f ituj;jpd; kPJ-
cg;g[/g[sp fiu riy Cw;wp/ urj;jpy;
(bkw;Fwp) nghl;L btspna vLj;jhy;
braw;if ituk; epwk; khwp tpLk;. vdnt
ituk; th';Fk;nghJ mjid mzpa yhkh> vd
nrhjpj;J bray;gl;lhy; tUKd; fhf;fyhk;.
kidtp nahfk;
yf;fpdj;jpw;F VHpy; FU ey;y
epiyapy; ,Ue;J/ Rf;fpuDk; bflhky; ey;y
epiyapy; ,Ue;J/ ,uz;lhk; mjpgjp
mk;rj;jpy; el;g[ tPl;oy; ,Ue;jhy;/
mHfhd kidtp/ bry;t brHpg;gpy;
kpjf;Fk; FLk;gj;jpy; gpwe;j tshf
mikths;.
VHhk; mjpgjp FUt[ld; Tonah my;yJ
FUthy; ghh;f;fg;gl;l epiyapYk;/
Rf;fpuDk; gyk; bgw;W ey;y
epiyapy; ,Uf;fjhd jh;kk; bra;a[k; bgz;
kidtpahf mikths;.
Rf;fpuDk;/ brt;tha[k; To yf;dj;jpw;F
VHpy; ,Ue;jhy; tpjitia jpUkzk; bra;J
bfhs;thh;.
rdp VHhk; tPl;L mjpgjpahfp mjw;F 6-
8-12 y; ghtpfs; ,Ue;jhy; tpjitia jpUkzk;
bra;J bfhs;thh;.
Rf;fpuDk;/ re;jpuDk;/ brt;tha[k;
Mwhk; mjpgjpa[ld; ,ize;J ehd;fpy;
,Ue;jhYk; my;yJ ,e;j ehd;F fpufKk;1-4-
6-9 nghd;w ,l';fspy; ,Ue;jhYk; gy
bgz;fspd; bjhlh;g[ Vw;gLk;.
yf;dhjpgjp Rf;fpudhfp mtd; rdpapd;
tPl;oy; uhF my;yJ nfJ t[ld;
,ize;jpUe;jhYk;/ Rf;fpud; mk;rj;jpy;
brt;tha; tPl;oy; ,Ue;jhYk;
bfl;lg;bgz;fspd; rfthrk; Vw;gLk;.
VHhk; mjpgjp uhFt[ld; ,ize;J/ 6-8-12
,y; ,Ue;jhy; ey;yg; bgz;iz jpUkzk;
bra;Jbfhs;thh;.
VHhk; mjpgjp rdp tPl;oy; ,Ue;jhYk;/
VHhk; mjpgjpia rdp ghh;j;jhYk;
kidtpia ,He;J tpLthh;.
Rf;fpud; Rgh; tPl;oy; uhrpapYk;/
mk;rj;jpYk; ,Ue;J/ VHhk; mjp gjpa[k;
mnj epiyapy; gyk; bgWkhdhy; gy
mHfpa bgz;fspd; cwt[ Vw;gLk;.

khkpahh; -kUkfs; rz;il Vd;>

n$hjpl hPjpahf thH;tpd; vj;jidnah
gpur@rpidfSf;F jPh;t[ fz;nlhk;. ,e;j
khkpahh;- kUkfs;
kzg;bgz;zpw;Fk;/g[Fe;j tPl;ow;Fk;
gy ,l';fspy; xj;Jg; nghtjpy;iy. mjw;F
fhuz';fs; vd;d> vd;W ,';F fhz;nghk;.
FLk;g!;jhdk;/ fsj;jpu!; jhdk; kw;Wk; 3-
k; tPL vdg;gLk; rnfhju/ ijh;a!;jhdk;
vd;gJ khkpahh; vd;fpd;w cwt[f;F
Kf;fpaj;Jtk; jUfpd;w tPL. ,k; \d;Wk;
xUthpd; $hjfj;jpy; ed;F mikjy; ntz;Lk;.
mt;thW ,y;iybadpy; ,dpjhf ,Uf;f ntz;oa
cwt[fs; fre;J nghfpd;wd.
vdnt fztd;-kidtp vd;W ,UtuJ bghUj;jk;
kl;Lkpd;wp kUkfs;/ khkpahh; cwt[k;
vg;go ,Uf;Fk; vd;Wk; ftdpj;J gpwF kzk;
Kof;f ntz;Lk;. cjhuzkhf khkpahh;
kw;Wk; kUkfs; ,UtuJ uhrpa[k; xj;Jg;
nghfpd;wjh> vd;gija[k; Muha;tJk;
thH;tpw;F mtrpakhfpwJ.
kUkfspd; uhrpf;F 6-tJ (m) 8-tJ uhrpahf
mjhtJ r# lh#lfk; vd;w uhrpfspy;
cs;s ,UtuJ $hjf hPjpahft[k;
ghh;j;jhy; ,UtUf;Fnk xUtiu xUth;
fz;lhny gpof;ftpy;iy vd;fpd;w epiy
cUthf;fptpLk;. ,g;go ghh;f;Fk;nghJ ,J
khkpahh; kw;Wk; kUkfs; kPJ Fiw
TWtjpy; ga dpy;iy.$hjfhPjpahd
FiwnaahFk;.
,dp rpy cjhuz $hjf';fisf; fhz;nghk;-
nkw;fz;l $hjfpapd; FLk;g thH;t[ vd;W
tUk;nghJ 7-k; tPl;oy; rdp ,Ue;J bfhz;L
fztd; kw;Wk; mtidr@ rhh;e;jth;fSld;
rjh rz;il nghl;Lf;bfhz;nl ,Uf;Fk;
NH;epiyia cUthf;fptpl;lJ. nkYk;
kndhfhufd; vd;Dk; re;jpud;
cr@rkhft[k; cs;sjhy; bghJthfnt ,e;j
bgz;zpw;F vy;nyhUk; jd; ngr@ir nfl;f
ntz;Lk; vd;fpd;w vz;zk; cz;L.
,e;epiyapy; g[Fe;j tPl;oYk; ,e;epiyiana
vjph;ghh;f;fpd;w fhuzj;jpdhy;
thH;t[ epk;kjp aw;wjhfpwJ. nkYk; rdp
kndhfhufdpd; tPl;oy;
mkh;e;jpUg;gjpdhy; kdijg; nghl;L
FHg;gp ahhplKk; xl;lhky; nghfpd;w
epiyapid cz;lhf;fp tpLfpd;whd;.
ethk;rj;jpYk; 3-k; tPl;oy; rdp
,Ug;gjhYk; khkpahhplk; xl;Ljy; ,d;wp
nghfpwJ. Mdhy; FUt[k; cld; ,Ug;gjhy;
FLk;gj;jpy; cwt[ vd;gJ kl;Lk;
tpl;Lg;nghfhJ.
cjhuz $hjfk; -2
,e;j $hjfpf;F jpUkzkhfp fztd;/ FHe;ijfs;
kw;Wk; g[Fe;j tPl;oy; kw;w
midthplKk; ey;y cwt[ epiy bjhlh;fpwJ.
Mdhy; khkp ahUk; ,tUk; nrh;e;J thGk;
epiynah/cwt[ vd;w Kiwapy; ghh;j;Jf;
bfhs;tJk;Tl ,y;iy. fhuzk; 3-k; tPl;oy;
re;jpud; Ml;rpahf ,Ue;J 3-k; tPl;il nfJ
11-k; ghh;itahf ghh;g;gjhy;
khkpahUf;F ,th;nky; gw;Wjy; ,y;iy.
,tUk; mijg;gw;wp ftiyg;gLtJk; ,y;iy.
rdp gfthd; 3-k; ghh;itahf
FLk;g !;jhdkhd 2-k; tPl;il ghh;g;gJk;
,e;epiyf;F xU fhuzkhfpwJ. kw;w
fpuf';fs; Xustpw;F ey;y epiyapy;
cs;sjhy; $hjfp ed;whf ,Uf;fpwhh;.
cjhuz $hjfk; - 3
,e;j $hjfpf;F 7-y; Nhpad; cr@r khf
cs;sjhy; fzth; ,tUld; nrh;e;J thHtpy;iy.
3-y; ,uhF cs;sjhy; khkpahUf;Fk;
,tUf;Fk; xj;Jtu tpy;iy. nkYk; 3-y;
cs;s ,uhF ,tuJ khkpahhpd; cly; eyj;
jpw;F nfL tpistpj;J kzkhd 3-k;
khjj;jpw;Fs;shfnt me;j gHp ,e;j
bgz;kPJ tpGe;Jtpl;lJ. re;jpud;
cr@rkhd ,e;j bgz;zpw;F rw;nw fh;tKk;
ntW cs;sJ. vdnt ahhplKk;
xj;Jg;nghfhky; fztd; kw; ;Wk;
khkpahUld; nrh;e;J thH ,aytpy;iy. ,';F
khkpahh; kpft[k; bghy;yhjtuhfp jdJ
cly; epiy nfhshWfSf;F vy;yhk;
kUkfs;jhd; fhuzk; vd;Wk; jdf;F Vnjh
kUkfs; bra;tpid itj;Jtpl;lhs;
vd;bwy;yhk; igj;jpaf;fhuj;jdkhf
epidj;Jf; bfhz;L kfdplk;
brhy;ypf;bfhLj;J ,Utiua[k; gphpj;J
itj;Jtpl;lhh;. vdnt xU kUkfSk;
-khkpahUk; nrh;e;J md;ghf thH
ntz;Lk; vd;why; ,UtUf;Fk; ,ilna $hjf
hPjpahf ed;whf ,Uf;fpwjh vd;W
ghh;j;Jf; bfhs;tJ ey;y tp#akhFk;.
bghJthf xUtuJ $hjfj;jpy; ghtpfs; 2/ 3/
7- Kjypa ,l';fspy; thrk; bra;a[k;
nghJjhd; (b$dd fhyj;jpy;) FLk;gj;jpy;
kpft[k; gpur@rpidfs; cz;lhfpd;wJ.
vdnt nkw;fz;l !;jhd';fis ghtpfs;
ghh;j;jhnyh/ m';F mkh;e; jpUe;jhnyh
Rgh;fspd; ghh;ita[k; ,y;yhky;
,Ue;jhnyh me;j $hjf'; fis ed;F Muha;e;J
gpwF kzk; bra;J bfhs;tJ khkpahh;/
kUkfs; kw;Wk; FLk;gj;jpdh;
midtUf;Fnk Vw;wbjhU tp#akhFk;.
fpuf fhufj;Jt';fs;*
Nhpad; Nhpad; Mj;kfhufd;-
gpJh;fhufd;. Nhpad; fz;/ ,jak;/ KJF/
jz;Ltlk; Mfpatw;wpYk;/ Md;khtpYk;
Mjpf;fKila fpufk;. vdnt Nhpaidf; bfhz;L
fz; neha;fs;/ ,ja neha;fis
epr@rapf;;fyhk;. je;ijapd;
Ma[s/;ey;yit/ jPaitfis epr@rapf;fyhk;.
Nhpaidf; bfhz;L g{h;tPfr@
brhj;Jf;fspd; epiyfis mwpayhk;.
bgz;fSf;F Nhpad; fztidf; Fwpf;Fk;.
bgz; $hjfj;jpy; Nhpaidf; bfhz;L
fztidg;gw;wp mwpayhk;. cz;ik/
neh;ik/bgUik/ g[fH;/ bgUe;jd;ik/ muR/
kjpg;g[/ khpahijfs; mjpfhu muRg;
gjtpfs; Mfpatw;iw epr@rapf;fyhk;.
re;jpud; re;jpud; khj;Ufhufd;-
kdj;jpw;F chpatd;. fz;/ tapW/
bgz;fspd; khh;gf';fs; Kjypa
cWg;g[f;fisa[k;/ ckpH;ePh;/
epzePh;/ ,e;jphpak; Kjypa ,aw;ifr@
Rug;g[ fisa[k; Fwpf;Fk;.
re;jpuidf; bfhz;L jhapd; eyk;/ jhapd;
mDTyk; my;yJ mDTy kpd;ik Mfpatw;iw
epr@rapf;fyhk;. re;jpud;
kdj;ijf;Fwpg;gjhy; fw; gid/ rpe;jid/
g[fH;/ bgUik/ kdepiy/ nky;ehl;Lg;
gaz';fs;/ ,urhadj; bjhHpy;/
Ma;t[ bjhlh;ghd tp#a';fs;/ tptrhak;/
ePh;g;ghrdk;/ rh;gj;/ kJf;fil/ fwit
khLfisf; bfhz;L elj;Jk; bjhHpy;/ Kj;J/
kPd;/ cg;g[ tpahghuk;/ flw;gil/ fly;
gazk; Mfpaitg;gw;wp mwpayhk;.
brt;tha; rnfhjufhufd;/ jiy/ bew;wp/
\f;F/ fhJ/ Mz;- bgz; ,d cWg;g[fs;/
jirfs;/ ,uj;jk;/ tpgj;J Mfpaitfisf;
Fwpf;Fk; fpufkhFk;.
brt;thiaf;bfhz;L ,isa rnfhjuh;fisg;
gw;wpa xw;Wik/ Mjhak;/ gyd;
Mfpaitfis mwpayhk;. tPuk;/ ijhpak;/
nfhgk;/ Mz;ik/ Kul;L Rghtk;/ kpul;Lk;
ngr@R/ gag;glhkypUf;Fk; ,ay;g[/
tplhKaw;rp/ ,uhq tk;/ nghyP!;/
tptrhak;/ nQhl;ly;/ beUg;g[/ ePuhtp/
m";ry;/ je;jp/ br';fy;/ frhg;g[f; fil/
bghw;bfhy;yh; bjhHpy; Mfpaitfis
epr@rapf;fyhk;.
brt;tha; njh#k; bgz;fSf;Fk;-
Mz;fSf;Fk; ,Ue;jhy; jpUkzk; elf;fhJ.
ele;jhYk; jhkjg;gl;L elf;Fk;. brt;tha;
bfl;oUe;jhy; tk;g[/ tHf;Ffs;/ jpUl;L/
bfhs;is/ bfhiy/ fw;gHpj;jy;/ nkhrk;
bra;jy; Mfpa bray;fis epr@rapf;Fk;
fpufk; MFk;.
g[jd; g[jd; tpj;jpahfhufd;-
FLk;;gfhufd;. \is/ tha;/ ehf;F/
euk;g[ fs; Mfpatw;iwf;Fwpf;Fk;.
kdneha;fs;/ fy;tpapy; epg[zj;Jtk;/ cah;
gog;g[/ tp";"hd Ma;t[/ fzpjj; njh;t[/
jpwik/ n$hjplk;/ kh;kf;fiy gapYjy;/
vGj;jhsdhjy;/ jghy;-je;jp
bjhHpy;/tf;fPy; bjhHpy;/tha;r@rhy';fs;/
mjPj mwpt[ Mfpaitfis epr@rapf;Fk;
fpufkhFk;.
FU g[j;jpufhufd;-tpj;jpahfhu
fd;/fhJ/bjhil/ghjk;/$Puz cWg;g[fs;
Mfpatw;iwf; Fwpf;Fk;. bghpa
kdpjj;jd;ik/ md;g[zh;t[/ kjpg;ghd
bray;fs;/ bgUk; mjph;#l rhypahjy;/
vjpYk; vspjhf btw;wp bgWjy;/
jpwikahft[k;/ g[j;jp rhJhpakhft[k;
brayhw;Wjy;/ bjhHpy; tpahghu
rhjidfs;/ bghd; etuj;jpd tpahghuk;/ fly;
fle;j fly; gazk;/ vg;nghJk;
kfpH;r@rpahf ,Uj;jy;/ jh;k
fh;j;juhapUj;jy;/ jpUg;gzpfs; bra;jy;/
rkaj;bjhlh;g[/ fbyf;lh;/ ePjpgjp/ tf;fPy;/
t';fp eph;thfk;/ tl;of;Fg; gzk; bfhLj;jy;
Mfpatw;iwa[k; xUtUf;Fg; gpwf;Fk; Mz;
re;jjpfis epr@rapg; gjw;Fk; cjt[k;
fpufk;. FUtpd; jpir/ ghh;ita[k; FU
gyKk; epfGk; nghJjhd; jpUkzk; epfGk;.
FUitf; bfhz;L g[j;jpud; cz;lh ,y;iyah
vd;gija[k;/ vg;nghJ gpwf;Fk;
vd;gija[k;/ jpUkzk; vg;nghJ epfGk;
vd;gija[k;/ gpwf;Fk; Mz; kfDf;Fk; -
me;j!;Jf;Fk; cs;s $hjf ghjf';fisa[k;
mwpayhk;.
Rf;fpud; fsj;jpu fhufd;. fsj;jpuk; vd;gJ
Mqf;F kidtpahf mika[k; bgz;fisg;
gw;wpa[k;/ bgz;qf;F fztdhf mika[k;
Mizg;gw;wpa[k; Fwpg;gjhFk;.
Rf;fpuidf; bfhz;L/ kidtp mikaf; Toa
nahfk;/ kidtpahy; Vw;glf;Toa
kfpH;r@rp/ Jd;gk;/ mtf;;nfL/ fhjy;
btw;wp- njhy;tp/ jpU kz thH;tpd;
epk;kjp my;yJ epk;kjpapd;ik/ ,d;g
mDgt';fs;/ nghf rf;jp Mfpatw;iw
mwpayhk;.
Rf;fpuidf; bfhz;L trPfuk;/ fhkf;fiyj;
njh;t[/ tpahghu btw;wp/ fiyj;Jiw
Kd;ndw;wk;/ ftpij/ jpwik/ $t[sp/ gl;L
,dpg;g[g; bghUs;/ mHF rhjdk;/ fwit
khLfs;/ ghy; ghf;fpak;/ thfd
tha;g;g[ fs;/bjhHpy; Mfpatw;iw mwpa
Koa[k;.
Rf;fpudpd; bfl;l ghh;it/ xU bgz;iz
xG';fPdkhf;fp tpLk;. Mz;fSf;F/ bgz;
juF/ nghf rf;jp Mfpaitfis mwptpf;Fk;.
rdP!;tud; Ma[s;fhufd;/ tha[ fhufd;/
jdfhufd; vd miHf;fg;gLk; rdp KH';fhy;/
fqf;fhy;/ vYk;g[/ gw;fs; Mfpa
cWg;g[fspd; epiyfisa[k;/
Ma[l;fhyj;ija[k; epr@rapf;fj; Jiz
bra;tjhFk;.
rdp ,ufrpathjpahf ,Uj;jy;/ jaf;fk;/
re;njfk;/ ke;j g[j;jp/ kdg;gak;/
m';ftPdk;/ mtkhdk;/ gjtp ePf;fk;/
Vkhw;wk;/ JujpU#lk;/ fhhpa jhkjk;/
grp/ tWik/ rhkpahuhjy;/ gpr@ir vLj;jy;/
Typ ntiy bra; y;/ jpULjy;/ rpiwthrk;
Mfpatw;iw epr@rapf;Fk; fpufk; MFk;.
VHiur@rdp VHiur@rdp xUtuJ b$d;k
uhrpf;F Ke;ija ,uhrpapYk;/ gpd;tUk;
,uhrpapYk; Fwpg;gpl;l fhyk; tiu
rdpf;fpufk; r";rhpg;gijf; Fwpg;gjhFk;.
rdp/ Xh; ,uhrp tPl;ilf; flf;f 2 1_2
Mz;Lfs; MFk;. \d;W ,uhrp iaf; fle;J
bry;y 7 1_2 Mz;Lfs; MFk;. ,e;j Mz;Lfs;
kpft[k; fodkhd/ f#lkhd fhyj;ijf;
Fwpf;Fk;. vj;jifa bry;te;jiua[k;
btw;wpglr@ bra;JtpLk; fhykhFk;.
m#lkr@rdp xUtuJ b$d;k
yf;fpdj;jpw;nfh/ b$d;k ,uhrpf;nfh
vl;lhtJ tPl;oy; rdpf;fpufk; r";rhpf;Fk;
fhykhFk;. me;jf; fhyj;jpy; jP';FfSk;/
Jd;g';fSk; kpft[k; fLikahf
,Uf;Fk;.mzpe;J bfhs;Sk; Milf;Fk;/ g";rk;
tUk;. rpyuJ cly;eyDk; bghpJk; ghjpf;fg;
glf;TLk;.rpyUf;F gjtp ePf;fk; Kjypaitfis
Vw;gLj;Jk;.
xUth; $hjfj;jpy; rdp ey;yepiyapy;
,Ug;gpd; cz;ik/ neh;ik/ ciHg;g[/ jpwik/
Jwtpahjy;/ "hdpahjy; Mfpa
cahpaepiyapida[k;/ Fz';fisa[k;
Vw;gLjJk;.
rdpiaf; bfhz;L ,Uk;g[ rk;ge;jg;gl;l
bjhHpy;/ ,yhfphp/ irf;fps;/ epyf;fhp/
vz;bza;/ bea;/ gpz;zhf;F/ g[sp Kjypa
tpahghuk;/ Ru';fj; bjhHpy;/ rpiw
mjpfhuk;/ giHa rhkhd; tpahghuk;/
Xl;Leh;/ ,ae;jpu ,af;Fdh;/ vUik/ ML/
gd;wp tsh;g;g[/ Ml;L cnuhkk;/ kdpj
cnuhkk; nghd;w tpahghu';fisa[k;
epr@rapf;fyhk;.
,uhF nghffhufd;- ke;jpufhufd; vd
miHf;fg;gLk; ,uhF kiwt[ thH;f;if/ rpiw
bry;Yk; epiy/ fUehfg;ghk; ghy; kuzk;/
$yfz;lk;/ btl;Lf;fhak;/ jpUl;L/ $hjp
khw;wk;/ tpjitj;jd;ik/ fUg;g[ epwg;
bghUs; tpahghuk; Mfp atw;iwf;
Fwpf;Fk;.
Mz;ikapd; nghf rf;jpiaa[k;/ bgz;ikapd;
rpw;wpd;g ntl;ifiaa[k; epr@rapf;Fk;
fpufk;. ke;jputypikia tH';Fk; fpufk;.
vjph;ghuhj mjph;# l';fisa[k;/ bry;t
typik fisa[k; tH';Fk; fpufkhFk;.
nfJ "hdfhufd;- nkhl;r fhufd;. xUtd;
,we;j gpwF nkhl;r kilthdh vd;gij
epr@rapf;f ty;yJ nfJ fpufk;.
"hdpauhjy;/ rhkpahuhjy;/ nahfpahjy;/
rpj;juhjy;/ bka;ahdgf;juhfj; jpfH;jy;
my;yJ nghypgf;jp/ eog;g[r@rhkpahh;/
jtk;/ b$gk;/ mwptpay; njh;t[/ Md;kPf
nkd;ik Mfpaitfisa[k; nghijg; bghUs;/
cgnahfk;/ jplr@rpj;jk;/
brk;ghk;g[ tp#j;jhy; fz;lk;/ F#l neha;/
me;epa ehl;Lg;gazk;/ fly;nky; bry;yy;
Mfpatw;iwf; Fwpf;Fk;.
jphpnfhz !;jhd';fs;
b$d;k uhrpf;F kiwt[ !;jhdk; vd
th;zpf;fg;gLk; 3/ 6/ 8/ 12-f;F mjpgjpfs;
bghJthf bfLjpfisa[k; mjd; jpir g[j;jp
fhyj;jpy; gy;ntW tifahd gpur@rpid
fisa[k;/ tPz; bryt[/ tPz; tpuaj;ija[k;
cz;lhf;FtJ ,ay;g[. b$dd $hjfj;jpy;
kiwt[ !;jhdk; vd th;zpf;fg;gLk; 3/ 6/ 8/
12 f;F mjpgjpfs; rpy fpufr@ nrh;f;if
my;yJ rpy !;jhd Mjpgj;jpak; bgw;why;
bfLjpfis Vw;gLj;jhky; ew;gyd;fis
cz;lhf;Fthh;fs;.
kiwt[ !;jhdhjpgjpfis J}a;ikg;gLj;Jk;
gyk;bgw;w !;jhdkhf tps';FtJ b$d;k
yf;fpdj;jpw;F jphpnfhz !;jhdkhd 1/ 5/ 9
MFk;. bghJthf b$d;k yf;fpdj;ijtpl 5-k;
tPLk; 5-k; tPl;il tpl 9-k; tPLk; gyk;
bgw;w jphpnfhz !;jhdkhFk;.
jphpnfhz !;jhd';fspd; kfpik vd;d
btd;why; mjpy; mika[k; fpufKk; mjd;
mjpgjpa[k; bfl;lth; vd;whYk; b$dd
$hjfUf;F bfLjpia Vw;gLj;jhky; ew;gyid
cz;lhf;Fthh;fs;. ,jd;bghUs;
vd;dbtd;why; 3/ 6/ 8/ 12-f;F mjpgjpfs;
jphpnfhz yf;fpdhjp gjpahf mike;J
tpl;lhy; bfLjp !;jhd gyj;ij tpl;Ltpl;L ew;
gyid cz;lhf;Ffpwhh;fs;. mJnghy b$d;k
yf;fpdj;jpw;F ghjf !;jhdhjpgjp
jphpnfhz !;jhdkhd 1/ 5/ 9-y; mikag;
bgw;whYk; ghjf gyid Vw;gLj;jhky; rhjf
gyid cz;lhf;Fthh;. mjhtJ ru
yf;fpdj;jpw;F 11-k; mjpgjpa[k; !;jpu
yf;fpdj;jpw;F 9-k; mjpgjpa[k; cga
yf;fpdj;jpw;F 7-k; mjpgjpa[k; b$dd
yf;fpdj;jpw;F 1/ 5/ 9-y; mikag;
bgw;why; bfLjpia Vw;gLj;Jtjpy;iy.
b$d;k yf;fpdj;jpw;F 3/ 6/ 8/ 12
mjpgjpfs; kiwt[ !;jhdhjpgjp vd;whYk;
mth;fs; vt;thW gyid cz;lhf;Ffpwhh;fs;
vd ghh;g;nghk;.
nk#k;„- nk# yf;fpdj;jpw;F 3-k; mjpgjp
g[jd;/ 6-k; mjpgjp g[jd;/ 8-k; mjpgjp
brt;tha;/ 12-k; mjpgjp FU nk#
yf;fpdj;ijg; bghWj;j tiu g[jd; bfl;lth;. 8-
k; mjpgjp brt;tha; b$d;k yf;fpdhjpgjp
vd;gjhy; bfLjpia Vw;gLj;Jtjpy;iy.
mJnghy 12-k; mjpgjp/ FU 9-k;
mjpgjpahf tps';Ftjhy; FU mjpf bfLjpia
Vw;gLj;Jtjpy;iy.
hp#gk;„- hp#g yf;fpdj;jpw;F 3-k;
mjpgjp re;jpud;/ 6-k; mjpgjp Rf; fpud;/
8k; mjpgjp FU/ 12-k; mjpgjp brt;tha;/
hp#g yf;fpdj;ijg; bghWj;jtiu 3-k;
mjpgjp re;jpud; xU tPL Mjpgj;ak;
bgWfpwhh;. 6-k; mjpgjp Rf;fpud;
yf;fpd nfhzj;jpw;F mjpgjpahf tUtjhy;
bfLjpia jtph;j;J ew;gyid
cz;lhf;Ffpwhh;. 8-k; mjpgjp FUt[k;/
12-k; mjpgjp brt;tha;/
jphpnfhz !;jhdj;jpw;F Mjpgj;jpak; bgw
tha;g;g[ ,y;yhjjhy; mth;fs; ,Uf;Fk;
,lj;jpw;F Vw;g gyid jUthh;fs;.
kpJdk;„- kpJd yf;fpdj;jpw;F 3-k;
mjpgjp Nhpad;/ 6-k; mjpgjp brt;tha;/
8-k; mjpgjp rdp/ 12-k; mjpgjp
Rf;fpud;/ Nhpad;/ brt;tha; jphpnfhz!;
jhdj;jpw;F mjpgjpahf tUtjpy;iy. rdp 9-
k; mjpgjp vd;gjhy; Rf;fpud; 5-k;
mjpgjp vd;gjhy; rdp/ Rf;fpud; kpJd
yf;fpdj;jpy; gpwe;jth;fSf;F ew;gyid
jUfpwhh;fs;.
flfk;„- flf yf;fpdj;jpw;F 3/ 12-f;F
mjpgjp g[jd;/ 6-k; mjpgjp FU/ 8-k;
mjpgjp rdp/ g[jd;/ rdp bghJthf bfLjpia
cz;lhf;Ffpwhh;fs;. FU 9-k; mjpgjpahf
tps';Ftjhy; ew;gyd; jUfpwhh;.
rpk;kk;„- rpk;k yf;fpdj;jpy;
gpwe;jth;fSf;F 3-k; mjpgjp Rf;fpud;/
6-k; mjpgjp rdp/ 8-k; mjpgjp FU/ 12-k;
mjpgjp re;jpud;/ 8-k; mjpgjpahf tUk;
FU 5-k; tPl;ow;F mjpgjpahf tUtjhy; FU
gfthd; ew;gyidj; jUfpwhh;.
fd;dp„- fd;dp yf;fpdj;jpw;F 3/ 8-f;F
mjpgjp brt;tha;/ 6-k; mjpgjp rdp 12-k;
mjpgjp Nhpad;/ 6-k; mjpgjp rdp/ 5-k;
tPl;ow;F mjpgjpahf tps';Ftjhy;
ew;gyid jUfpwhh;fs;. brt;tha; 3/ 8-f;F
mjpgjp vd;gjhy; mjpf bfLjpfis
cz;lhf;Ffpwhh;.
Jyhk;„- Jyh yf;fpdj;jpw;F 3/ 6-f;F
mjpgjp FU/ 8-k; mjpgjp Rf;fpud;/ 12-k;
mjpgjp g[jd;/ Rf;fpud; b$d;k
yf;fpdj;jpw;F mjpgjpahf tUtjhYk; g[jd;
9-k; tPl;ow;F mjpgjpahf tU tjhYk;
ew;gyid cz;lhf;Ffpwhh;fs;. 3/ 6-f;F
mjpgjpahd FU bfLjpfis cz;lhf;Ffpwhh;.
tpUr@rpfk;„- tpUr@rpf yf;fpdj;jpw;F
3-k; mjpgjp rdp / 6-k; mjpgjp Rf;fpud;/
brt;tha; b$d;k yf;fpdj;jpw;F mjpgjpahf
tps';Ftjhy; mjpf bfLjpfis Vw;gLj;jhky;
ew;gyid jUfpwhh;.
jDR„- jDR yf;fpdj;jpw;F 3-k; mjpgjp
rdp/ 6-k;; mjpgjp Rf;fpud;/ 8-k; mjpgjp
re;jpud;/ 12-k; mjpgjp brt;tha; 5-k;
tPl;ow;F mjpgjpahf tps';Ftjhy;
tpua!;jhd gyid tpl Rggyid cz;lhf;Fthh;.
kfuk;„- kfu yf;fpdj;jpw;F 3/ 12-f;F
mjpgjp FU/ 6-k; mjpgjp g[jd;/ 8-k;
mjpgjp Nhpad;/ 6-k; mjpgjp g[jd; 9-k;
(jphpnfhzj;jpw;F) mjp gjpahf
tps';Ftjhy; nahfk; mspf;fpwhh;.
Fk;gk;„- Fk;g yf;fpdj;jpw;F 3-k;
mjpgjp brt;tha;/ 6-k; mjpgjp re;jp ud;/
8-k; mjpgjp g[jd;/ 12-k; mjpgjp rdp/
g[jd; 5-k; tPl;ow;Fk; rdp b$d;k
yf;fpdj;jpw;Fk; mjpgjpahf tUtjhy;
bfLjpia cz;lhf;F tjw;F gjpy; ew;gyd;
jUfpwhh;.
kPdk;„- kPd yf;fpdj;jpw;F 3/ 8-f;F
mjpgjp Rf;fpud;/ 6-k; mjpgjp Nhpad;/
12-k; mjpgjp rdp/ kPd yf;fpdj;ij
bghWj;jtiu mth;fs; ,Uf;Fk; tPl;ow;F
Vw;g ey;yJ/ bfl;lJfis Vw;gLj;Jthh;fs;.
bghJthf 3/ 6/ 8/ 12-f;F mjpgjpfs;
thH;tpy; gy;ntW nrhjidfis
cz;lhf;Ffpwhh;fs;. 3/ 6/ 8/ 12-f;F
mjpgjpfs; jphpnfhz !;jhdj;jpw;F
mjpgjpahf tps';Fk; gl;rj;jpy;mjpf
bfLjpia juhky; ew;gyid jU fpwhh;fs;.
mJnghy 3/ 6/ 8/ 12-f;F mjpgjpfs;
jphpnfhz !;jhdj;jpy; Rgh; nrh;f;if
bgw;W ,Ue;jhy; mjd; jpir g[j;jp
fhyj;jpy; bfLjpfis Vw;gLj;jhky; Xust[f;F
rhjfkhd gyid cz;lhf;Fk;.
Mf 3/ 6/ 8/ 12-f;F mjpgjpfs;
jphpnfhz !;jhdj;jpd; bjhlh;g[ Vw;
gl;L ,Ue;jhy; rhjfkhd gyid
vjph;ghh;f;fyhk;.
rdp gfthdpd; rpwg;g[fs;
,e;j rdp gpoj;jts; re;ijf;F nghdhYk;
fe;jYk; mfg;glhJ... ,e;j rdpad; gpwe;j
ehspypUe;J FLk;gj;ij ghlha;gLj;JfpwJ
,g;goahf rdpia gynfhz';fspy; tir
ghodhYk; mthpd; kfj;Jtk; rpwg;ghdJ.
rdp xUth; kl;Lnk gpw fpuf';fis tpl
cyfj;J kf;fsplk; gpugykhdth;. FU
fpufj;jpw;F mLj;j fpufk; rdp.
FWf;fst[ cj;njrkhf 73/000 iky;.
Fkhpkhtl;lk; RrPe;jpuk; jhq khiyah;
nfhtpypy; fw;rpiyahf J}zpy; bgz;
cUtpy; fhl;rp jUfpwhh;. bey;iyia mLj;j
fU';Fsj;jpYk; rdp gfthd; ePyht[ld;
mkh;e;Js;shh;.
kdpj clypy; bjhilfSf;F cilath;. Fly;
thjneha; ,tuhy; Vw;gLk;.
nkYk; Qpuz;ah/ tp.o/ KJF typ/
iQl;oubry; (tpiutPf;fk;)/ uf;khl;ork;
(Klf;Fthjk;)/ ahidf;fhy;/ nga; bjhy;iy/
\yneha;/ kdjsh;r@rp ,ita[k; ,thpd;
fl;Lg;ghl;oy; ,Ug;gjhy; ,e;neha;
ghjpj;jth;fs; rdpia tz';Ftjhy; nehapd;
ntfk; btFthf jzpa[k;.
rdp $hjfj;jpy; 3/ 6/ 10/ 11-y; ,Ue;jhy;
epyg[yk; th';Fjy;/ tPl;L trjp/
tptrhaj;jpy; ghL/ cj;nahfk;/ tUtha;/
bghpnahh; Mjut[/ jiyik jh';Fk;
bghWg;g[ ,itaht[k; Rygj;jpy; te;J
tpLk;.
8-k; ,lj;J rdp„- bjhy;iyfis
ms;spj;je;jhYk;/ Ma[is mjpfhpf;fr@
bra;thh;. nuif rh!;jpuj;jpy; eLtpuYf;F
neh; fPH;ghfk; cs;s rdp nkl;oy;/ mjpf
nuiffs; br';Fj;jhf fhzg;gl;lhy;/ xd;wy;y
gytPLfs; Rygkhf mth;fis ehotUk;.
12-y; rdp ,Uf;fg; gpwe;njhh;„- thH;f;if
Jizf;F ntl;L itf;Fk; Rghtk; epiyf;Fk;.
Cjhhpj;jdk;/ te;j tUkhdk; ehyhtpjkhf
jPa tHpapy; brytpLjy; nghd;wit
epfGk;. bgUtpuiy mLj;j Rf;fpu nkl;oy;
gytpj FWf;F nfhLfs; moapy;
fhzg;gl;lhy; rdp ghlha; gLj;jg;
nghtjpd; mwpFwp vd jplkhf ek;gyhk;.
4-y; rdp md;idf;F mw;g Ma[s;/ bfl;l
ez;gh;fs; nrh;f;if/ ntz;lhj tk;gpy;
ek;ik ,izg;gJ epfGk;.
rdpgfthd; $hjfj;jpy; rPuhf
mike;jpUe;jhy; ,Uk;g[/ bk#p bdhp/
,Uk;g[ bjhHpw;rhiy/ njhy;/ rpbkd;l;
Vb$d;l;/ jahhpg;g[/ fUk; gyif/ nuh!; cl;/
ey;byz;iz bkhj;j tpahghuk;/ nghf;Ftuj;J
bjhHpypYk; gl;lhy; btw;wpjUk;.
rdpad;W re;jpuh#l jpdkhf kfuuhrp/
jpUnthz el;rj;jpuj;jpy; gpwe;njhUf;F
mikag;bgw;why; md;W fz; ghh;itf;fhf
mWit rpfpr@ir bra;jy; TlhJ.
yf;dj;jpy; rdp mkh;e;J clypy;
mghpkpjkhf nuhk';fs; fhzg;gl; lhy;
,y;yhik/ gzKil Vw;gLk;. mjw;F
ghpfhuk;/ rhJf;fs; kw;Wk; jhdk;
nfl;nghUf;F xU ,Uk;g[ !;lt; ,dhkhf
bfhLf;fyhk;.
rdp ,uz;oy; ,Ue;jhy; - bew;wpapy; vs;
vz;bza; nja;j;jy; TlhJ.
rdp \d;wpy; ,Ue;jhy; - tPl;L thry; fjtpy;
\d;W ,Uk;g[ Mzp ,Uf;fr@ bra;at[k;.
rdp ehypy; ,Ue;jhy; - fWg;g[ Mil fs;/
bfhs;S (jhdpak;) jhdk; bra;ayhk;.
rdp Ie;jpy; ,Ue;jhy; - tPl;od; nkw;F
ghfj;jpy;/ brk;g[/ bts;sp/ j';f cnyhfk;
,Uf;fr@ bra;at[k;.
rdp Mwpy; ,Ue;jhy; - 40-f;Fnky; 48
tajpw;Fs;s ,il fhyj;jpy; tPL fl;Ljy; TlhJ.
rdp 7-y; ,Ue;jhy; - fUg;g[ epw gRt[f;F
g[y; juyhk;. \';fpy; FHhapy; rh;f;fiuia
epug;gp tPl;L thrypy; g{kpapDs; \o
itg;gJt[k; nghJkhdJ.
rdp 8-y; ,Ue;jhy; - fy;ypy; my;yJ
kug;gyif ehw;fhypapy; mkh;e;J/
jz;zPhpy; xU !;g{d; ghiy fye;J Fspj;jy;
rpwg;ghdJ.
rdp 9-y; ,Ue;jhy; - tPl;od; bkhl;il
khoapy; g[y; tsh;j;jy; TlhJ.
rdp 10-y; ,Ue;jhy; - 10-
ghh;itapy;yhnjhUf;F jhdk; bra;ayhk;.
rdp 11-y; ,Ue;jhy; - tPl;il ePz;lehs;
g{l;o bry;Yk; nghJ tPl;L thrypy;/ rpW
Flk; jz;zPiu itj;J bry;tJ jPikia mfw;Wk;.
rdp 12-y; ,Ue;jhy; - tPl;od; filrp
,Ul;liwapy; 12-ghjhk; gUg;ig
fWg;g[ Jzpapy; Koj;J itg;gJ
ed;ika{l;Lk;.
rdpia KiwnahL tz';fpdhy; - bjhy;iyfis
mfw;wptpLthh;.
KTh;j;j tpjpfs;
fh;g;gjhdk;„- ,r@rl';F/ xU bgz;
UJthtjw;F Kd;dh; jpUkzk; eilbgw;W/
gpd; UJthd ehspypUe;J ehd;fhk; ehs;
elj;Jk; rl';fhff; fpUf;a Nj;jpu';fspy;
Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shh;fs;. jw;fhyj;jpy;
rl';fpd; bgaiu khw;wp epnrfk; vd;W
Fwpg;gpLfpd;wdh;. fh;g;gjhdk;/
epnrfk; Mfpa ,uz;Lk; xU bgz;zpd; Kjy;
cly; nrh;f;iff; Fg;gpd; Vw;gLk; fh;g;gk;
ed;whf tsu ntz;Lk; vd;W ,iwtid nehf;fp
tHpgLk; rl';fhFk;. ,r@rl';fpw;F
nrhjpl \ykhf ey;y el;rj;jpuk;/ jpjp/
yf;dk; Mfpait ghh;f;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
el;rj;jpuk;„- nuhfpzp/ kpUf rPhplk;/
jpUthjpiu/ g[dh;g{rk;/ g{rk;/ g{uk;/
cj;jpuk;/ m!;jk;/ rpj;jpiu/ Rthjp/
tprhfk;/ mDrk;/ g{uhlk;/ cj;jpuhlk;/
jpUnthzk;/ mtpl;lk;/ rjak;/ g{ul;lhjp/
cj;jpl;lhjp/ (jw;fhyj;jpy; jpUthjpiu/
g{uk;/ tprhfk;/ g{uhlk;/ g{ul;lhjp
Mfpait jPjpU el;rj;jpu';fshFk;.)
jpjp„- Jtjpia/ g";rkp/ rg;jkp/ jrkp/
Jthjrp/ jphpnahjrp.
thuk;„- jp';fs;/ tpahHd;/ bts;sp.
yf;dk;„- yf;dj;jpy; xU nfhSk; ,y;yhkYk;
ey;y yf;dkhft[k; ,Uf;f ntz;Lk;.
el;rj;jpuk;„- nuhfpzp/ cj;jpuk;/ m!;jk;/
Rthjp/ mDrk;/ \yk;/ cj;jpuhlk;/
jpUnthzk;/ rjak;/ cj;jpul;lhjp/ nutjp.
jpUkz epr@rar@rl';F„- jpU kzj;jpw;fhd
gzpfis Jt';Fk; bghGJ Kjypy; xU
Rk';fypg; bgz;zpd; \yk; bray;glntz;Lk;.
el;rj;jpuk;„- mRgjp/ g[dh;g{rk;/
m!;jk;/ rpj;jpiu/ Rthjp/ mDrk;/ jpU
nthzk;/ mtpl;lk;/ rjak;.
ehs;„- "hapW/ jp';fs;/ g[jd;/ tpahHd;/
rdp Mfpa ehl;fs;.
yf;dk;„- RgUila yf;dkhft[k; KTh;j;j
yf;dj;jpw;F 5/ 9-Mkplj;jpy; vtUk;
,y;yhky; ,Uf;f ntz;Lk;.
ey;KTh;j;jg;gj;jphpif„- ey;y
KTh;j;jg;gj;jphpif ,dpika[k;/ bkd;ika[k;
fye;j brhw;fSld; ,Uf;f ntz;Lk;.
gj;jphpif vGJk; fhyk;
jpjp„-bgsh;zkp my;yJ Jtpjpia/ jpUjpia/
g";rkp/ rg;jkp/ jrkp/ Jthjrp/
jphpnahjrp.
nfhs;„- g[jDld; jPa nfhs;fs; nrh;f;if
,y;yhky; ,Uf;fntz;Lk;.
ehs;„- g[jd;/ tpahHd;/ bts;sp.
el;rj;jpuk;„- mRgjp/ g[dh;g{rk;/ g{rk;/
m!;jk;/ Rthjp/ jpUnthzk;/ mtpl;lk;/
rjak;.
yf;dk;„-ey;y yf;dkhft[k;/ yf;dj;jpw;F
5Mkplk; nfhs;fspy;yhkYk;/ yf;dj;jpy;
FU/ Rf;fpud; nrh;f;ifnah my;yJ ghh;it
bgw;wpUf;Fk; fhyj;jpy; ey;KTh;j;jg;
gj;jphpif vGj ntz;Lk;.
rl';F bra;a[k; fhyk;„- rl';F bra;ag;gLk;
igadpd; el;rj;jpuj; jpypUe;J/ rl';F bra;a
njh;bjLf;fg;gLk; ehspy; FU epd;w
el;rj;jp uk; tiu vz;zntz;Lk;. mt;thW
vz;zp tUk; bjhif xd;W Kjy; Ie;J tiu
,Ue;jhy; jiyg;gFjp vd;Wk; ,jd; gyd;/
Rfk; kw;Wk; kfpH;r@rp Vw;gLk;. MW
Kjy; vl;L tiu te;jhy; Kfg;gFjp vd;Wk;
,jw;Fg; gyd; Mrhukpd;ik. xd;gJ te;jhy;
khh;g[ gFjp xG';fpd;ik. gj;J Kjy; gjpnd
Hpw;Fs; te;jhy; fhy;fs; gFjp ,jdhy;
neha; Vw;gLk; vd;Wk;/ gjpbdl;L Kjy;
gj;bjhd;gJ tiu te;jhy; Cd;Wnfhy;
vd;Wk; gyd; jPatpUg;gk; vd;Wk;/ ,UgJ
Kjy; ,Ugj;jp naGf;Fs; ,Ue;jhy;
khd;njhy; gFjpapYk; gydhf ed;F
fw;wwpa[k; jd;ika[k; Vw;gLk; vd;W
TWfpwhh;.
$hjfj;jpy; lhf;lh; gog;g[
xU FHe;ijia miHj;J eP bghpatd; Mdhy;
vd;d ntiyf;F nghf Mir vd;W nfl;lhy;
clnd/ lhf;lh; vd;ghd;. Mk;/ jw;nghJ
gps!;-? gof;Fk; khzth;fspd; vy;yhg;
bgw;nwhh;fSk;/ j';fs; FHe;ijfis
vg;ngh;gl;lhtJ lhf;lUf;F gof;f itf;f
ntz;Lk; vd;w fdtpy; kpje;Jf;
bfhz;oUf;fpwhh;fs;.
Mdhy; ,J eilKiwapy; rhj;jpag;gLtjpy;iy.
fhuzk; $hjfg;go lhf;lUf;F gof;Fk;
nahfk; ,y;yhjnj.
kUj;Jtg; gog;g[ gof;f ntz;Lk; vd;whny-
nfJ/ brt;tha;/ Nhpad;/ re;jpud;
$hjfj;jpy; gyKld; ,Uf;fntz;Lk;. ,jpy;
brt;tha; kw;Wk; nfJ mjpf Kf;fpaj;Jtk;
bgWfpwhh;fs;.
nfJ kUe;Jf;F fhufkhfpwhh;. brt;thnah
uj;jk; kw;Wk; mWitr@ rpfpr@irf;F
m';fk; tfpf;fpwhh;. Nhpad;
vYk;g[f;Fk;/ re;jpud; cly; rijf;Fk;
fhuzkhfpwhh;fs;.
,f;fpuf';fis FUt[k; gyKld; ghh;j;jhy;
fz;og;ghf lhf;lh; my;yJ eh;!;
gog;g[ gog;ghh;fs;.
9k; ,lj;jpnyh my;yJ 10k; tPl;onyh nfJ
,lk;bgw;w midtUf;Fk; kUe;Jfis gw;wp
kw;wth;fis tpl mjpfk; bjhpa[k;. gj;jhk;
tPl;oy; nfJ kw;Wk; brt;tha; ,ize;J
,th;fSf;F ,ilapy; 4 ghj';fs; my;yJ 10 f;F
nky; ,Ue;J ,th;fis FU ghh;j;jhy;
rKjhaj;jpy; ifuhrpahd mWit rpfpr@ir
epg[zh; ,tnu.
re;jpud; epd;w el;rj;jpunkh my;yJ
yf;dk; epd;w el;rj;jpunkh my;yJ gj;jhk;
ghthjpgjpnah m!;tpdp my;yJ rja
el;rj;jpuj;Jld; rk;ge;jg;gl;lhYk; kUj;Jtg;
gog;g[ gof;f ,aYk;. uhF gyk;
bgw;wth;fs; ghh;k!p gog;gpy;
gLthh;fs;.
vk;.ghyRg;gpukzpad;/
189/ 9tJbjU/ rhkpefh;/ ghfhak;/
ntY}h;/
632002.
yf;dKk; fpuf';fSk;
Nhpad;„
xU $hjfhpd; yf;dj;ij Nhpad; ghh;j;jhy;
murpy; bghpa gjtp bgW gtdhf
thH;thd;. je;ij tHpapy; fpilf;Fk;
brhj;J \yk;/ uh$ thH;f;if thH;gtdhft[k;/
fl;rpf;F jiyik
bghWg;g[ Vw;gtdhft[k; ,Ug;ghd;.
thH;f;if gpufhrkhf ,Uf;Fk;.
re;jpud;„
xU $hjfhpd; yf;dj;ij re;jpud; ghh;j;jhy;
gzk; bryt[ bra;tjpy; jhuhs
FzKilatdhft[k;/ bkd;ikahd
FzKilatdhft[k;/ bgz;fsplk;
gphpaKilatdhft[k; ,Ug;ghd;.
brt;tha;„
xU $hjfhpd; yf;dj;ij brt;tha; ghh;j;jhy;
rhfr tpisahl;oy; ehl;lk; cs;stdhft[k;/
uj;jk;/ rz;il ,itfis fz;L m";rhjtdhft[k;
,Ug;ghd;. ,td; gyUf;Fk; gadila Toa
Jiwapy; gpufhrpg;ghd;.
g[jd;„
xU $hjfhpd; yf;dj;ij g[jd; ghh;j;jhy;/
fy;tp/ murpay; nghd;w tp#a';fspy;
Mh;tk; cs;stdhf tps';Fthd;. bjhHpypy;
bghpa mjpguhf tut[k; tha;g;g[s;sJ.
FU„
xU $hjfhpd; yf;dj;ij FU ghh;j;jhy;/
bry;tk; epiwa tu bgWthd;. kj
rk;ge;jkhd tp#a';fspy; kpFe;j ghL
bfhz;ltdhf ,Ug;ghd;.
Rf;fpud;„
xU $hjfhpd; yf;dj;ij Rf;fpud;
ghh;j;jhy;/ jfhj gHf;fk; cs;stdhf
,Ug;ghd;. kpFe;j mHFld; ,Ug;gjhy;/ rgy
g[j;jp cs;stdhft[k;/ epidj;jij
Kog;gtdhft[k; ,Ug;ghd;.
rdp„
xU $hjfhpd; yf;dj;ij rdp ghh;j;jhy;/
neha; cs;stdhf ,Ug;ghd;.
nehahspahf ,Ue;jhYk; \h;f;f
khdtdhft[k; ,Ug;ghd;. brhe;jg;
g[j;jpa[k; ,Uf;fhJ. mLj;jth; brhy;tija[k;
nfl;Fk; g[j;jpa[k; ,Uf;fhJ. kpFe;j
Mgj;jhdtdhf ,Ug;ghd;.
uhF-nfJ„
,e;j epHy; fpuf';fs; yf;dj;ijg; ghh;j;jhy;/
ve;j uhrpapypUe;J ghh;;f;fpwnjh me;j
uhrpapd; mjpgjpf;Fhpa Fz';fis
btspgLj; ;Jth;.
mJnghy; ve;j fpufkhf ,Ue;jhYk; jd;
brhe;j tPl;il ghh;f;Fk;nghJ
Rgfpufkhf ,Ue;jhy; Rg gyida[k;/ ght
fpufkhf ,Ue;jhy; ght gyida[k;/
epr@rakhf jUk;.
ght fpuf';fs; ghh;f;Fk; nghJ/ me;jg;
ght fpufj;ij Rgfpufkhd re;jpud;/ g[jd;/
FU ghh;f;f neh;e;jhy; Rg gynd
cz;lhFk;.
mnjnghy; 1/ 4/ 7/ 10 vd;w nfe;jpuj;jpy;
mkh;e;J bfhz;L ghh;j; jhYk; ght gyd;
Fiwe;J Rg gyd; cz;lhFk;.
,d;bdhU Kf;fpakhd tp#aj;ij ftdpf;f
ntz;Lk;/ ,uz;L fpuf';fs; yf; dj;ij
ghh;j;jhy; bgUk;ghYk; Rgj;ijna jUk;.
xd;W ghtf;fpufk; kw;bwhd;W Rgf;
fpufkhdhy; Rggyd; KGtJkhff; fpilf;fhJ.
ghjpjhd; fpilf;Fk;.
mjw;F gjpy; ,uz;Lk; ghtfpufkhf
,Ue;jhy;/ mthpd; ghh;itna bgwhky;
,Ue;jhy; $hjfd; kpFe;j kd ntjidailthd;.
vy;yh fpufKk; gyk; bgw;W yf;dj;ij
ghh;j;jhy; uh$nahfk; bgw;W thH;thd;.
gy cah;gjtpfs; bgw;W thH;f;if/ uh$
thH;f;ifiag; nghy; mika[k;.
bghUj;j';fs; md;Wk; ,d;Wk;
gj;Jg; bghUj;j';fspy; Kf;fpakhf Ie;J
bghUj;j';fs; ,Ue;jhy; jpUkzk; elj;jyhk;
vd;Wk; me;j Ie;Jk; jpdk;/ fzk;/ nahdp/
uhrp/ ur@rhf ,Uf;f ntz;Lk;.
bgUk;ghyhd n$hjplh;fs; Ie;J
bghUj;j';fs; ,Ue;jhy; jpUkzk; bra;ayhk;
vd;W Twp tpLfpd;wdh;. mjpy;
Kf;fpakhd bghUj;j';fis nrh;g;gjpy;iy.
,jdhy; bgUk;ghyd FLk;g';fs;
ghjpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
bghUj;j';fspy; md;Wk; ,d;Wk; vd;gij/
1950 Kjy; 2000 tiu md;Wk; vd;Wk;/
2000 Kjy; ,d;Wk; vd;Wk; fUjp
bjhlh;nthk;.
md;W bgUk;ghyhd bgz;fs;
gog;gwpt[ mjpfk; ,y;yhky; jha;/ je;ij-
gpd;g[ fztid rhh;e;J thH;e;J te;jdh;.
bgz;zpd; bgw;nwhUk; Mzpd;
bgw;nwhUk; ,Ug[wk; gpoj;J tpl;l
epiyapy; n$hjplhplk; xd;whf bghUj;jk;
ghh;f;f tUk;nghJ n$hjplUk;
Xust[ bghUj;j';fs; ,Ue;jhny X.nf
brhy;yp tpLthh;. jpUkzKk; ele;J tpLk;.
nahdpg; bghUj;jk; ,y;yhj gl;rj;jpy; Mz;
mth; njhl;lj;Jf;F ntiy bra;a te;j
bgz;zplk; Kiwjtwp bray;gl Kw;gLthh;.
fpspia nghd;w kidtp ,Uf;ifapy; Fu';ifg;
nghy cs;s bgz;zplk;
bjhlh;g[ itj;jpUg;ghh;.
,ijbay;yhk; rfpj;Jf; bfhz;L kidtp mtUf;F
ml';fp thH;ths;.
,d;W ,e;epiy khwptpl;lJ. bgz;fs; Rakhf
thH gog;g[ cjt[fpwJ. xj;J tutpy;iyah
tpyfp tplyhk; vd;fpd;wdh;.
vdnt/ bghUj;j';fs; rhpahf mika[k;
gl;rj;jpy; fhjy; jpUkzkhf ,Ug;gpDk;
gphpt[ Vw;gLtijj; jLf;fyhk;.
-nf.Mh;.ntYr@rhkp/
re;jpu nahfk;*
etf;fpuf';fspd; murp vd
miHf;fg;gLgth;. ,J Nhpaid kl; Lk;
my;yhJ kpiaa[k; Rw;wp tUk; fpufk;.
Rkhuhf ,J kpapy; ,Ue;J 3/80/800 fp.kP
J}uj;jpy; cs;sJ.
rhjhuzkhf n$hjplh;fs; re;jpuid bfhz;L
jhia mwpth;. re;jpud; Mrp bgw;wth;fs;
mHF njtijahf/ njt fd;dpfshf/ midtiua[k;
ftUgtuhf jpfH;th;.
,th; 360 ghifia jdJ Rw;W tl;lj;ij 27
ehl;fs; 7kzp ]3 epkplj;jpy;
Koj;Jf;bfhs;thh;. re;jpud; Mrp
bgw;wth;fs; ghy;/ gHf;fil/ nQhl;ly;/
kPd; (rk;ge;jg;gl;l bjhHpy;)/ eh;Rfs;/
kPdth;/ fg;gy; gil nghd;w tw;wpy;
rpwe;J tps';Fth;.
re;jpud; Mrp bgw;wth;fs; kpft[k;
czh;r@rptrg;gLthh;fs;. mHif
Muhjpg;gth;fs;/ fw;gid tsk; kpf;fth;fs;/
"hgf rf;jpapy; kd;dh;fs;/ fUj;jhH kpf;f
ftp"h;fis cUthf;Fgth; re;jpund.
,th; flf uhrpapy; Ml;rp bgWthh;.
hp#gj;jpy; cl;rj;ija[k;/ tpUr@ rpf
uhrpapy; ePrKk; milth;.
hp#guhrpapy; Kjy; 3 ghifapy; mjpf
cr@rj;ij milthh;.
nuhfpzp - Q!;jk; - jpUnthzk; ,k;\d;W
el;rj;jpu';fspd; chpikahsh;.
re;jpud; jrh tUl';fspy; gj;J tUlj;ij
bgWthh;.
bghJthf el;g[ tPlhf kpJdk;/ rpk;kk;/
fd;dpia vLj;J bfhz;lhYk; giftPL vd;W
brhy;yf;Toa mstpy; VJk; ,y;iy.
nahfk; jUk; fpufk; gyk; bgw fhuzk;„-
1.nahfk; jUk; fpufk; nfe;jpuk; my;yJ
11-Mk; Mjpgj;ak; bgw
ntz;Lk;.
2. nahfk; jUk; fpufk; Rgh;fspd;
,ilapy; ,Ug;gJ eyk;.
3. nahfk; jUk; fpufk; ,Uf;Fk; tPl;od;
mjpgjp gyk;
bgw;wpUf;f ntz;Lk;.
4. fpufj;jpd; el;rj;jpuhjpgjp gyk;
bgwntz;Lk;.
5. fpuf';fis ghh;f;Fk; fpufk; gyk;
bgwntz;Lk;.
6. rk;ge;jg;gl;l fpufk; ,Uf;Fk; ,lj;jpnyna
gyk; bgw
ntz;Lk;.
re;jpud; jUk; nahf';fs;
bf$nfrhp nahfk; „- re;jpuDf;F
nfe;jpuj;jpy; FU ,Ug;gJ xU ey;y
nahfkhFk;. ey;y bgaUk; g[fGk; <l;L
bfhLf;Fk;. jPh;f;f Ma[s;/ gztUtha;/
gifth;fis bty;Yk; jpwik cilath;fshth;.
re;jpu k';fs nahfk;„- re;jpud;
brt;;tha[ld; nrh;e;J ,Ue;jhYk; re;jpud;
nfe;jpuj;jpy; ,Ue;jhYk; ,e;j nahfk;
bghUe;Jk;.
kUe;Jfil/ bfkpf;fy; nghd;w
tpahghu';fspy; bfhofl;o gzj;ij <l;Lth;.
FWf;F tHpapy; gzk; rk;ghjpf;f Kay;th;.
Mdhy; rpyrkak; rpyUf;F kd nfhshW
my;yJ r";ryk; cz;lhf;Fth;.
mjpnahfk; „- re;jpuDf;F 6/ 7/ 8
tPLfspy; Rgh;fspy; FU/ g[jd;/ Rf;fpud;
xd;whfnth jdp jdpahf ,Ug;gJ
ey;nahfj;ij bfhLf;Fk;. fhh;/ g';fsh
nghd;wtrjpfSld; thGk; nahfk;.
rflnahfk;„- re;jpuDf;F FU 8 my;yJ 12-
y; ,Ue;jhy; rflnahfk; vdg;gLk;. ,e;j
nahfj;jpy; epiyapy;yhj thH;f;if
bgWth;.
JUJuh nahfk;„- re;jpuDf;F 2-12-y;
Nhpad;/ uhF/ nfJ/ jtpu kw;w fpufk;
,Ug;gJ midj;J Rfk; mDgtpf;Fk; nahfk;.
mdhgh nahfk;„- re;jpuDf;F 12-y;
Nhpad;/ uhF/ nfJ jtpu kw;w fpufk;
,Ug;gJ Mnuhf;fpakhd cly; mikg;ig
cilatuhth;.
Rdhgh nahfk;„- re;jpuDf;F 2-y;
Nhpad;/ uhF/ nfJ jtpu kw;w fpufk;
,Ug;gJ/ guk;giu brhj;J mjpfk; ,Uf;fhJ.
brhe;j Kaw;rpahy; ey;epiy milth;.
nkfj;JUth nahfk;„- re;jpuDf;F 2-12-y;
ve;j fpufKk; ,y;yhjpUg;gJ jhpj;jpuKk;
gPila[k; cz;lhFk;. Mdhy; re;jpuDf;F
nfe;jpuj;jpy; VnjDk; fpufk; ,Ue;jhy;
,e;j njh#k; ghpfhukhFk;.
,';nf Kf;fpakhd nahf';fs; kl;Lnk
tpthpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. re;jpu njh#k;
cs;sth;fSk;/ re;jpuDf;F rk;ge;jg;gl;l
bjhHpy; bra;gth;fSk;/ re;jpu gfthd;
Mrp bgw tpUk;g[th;fSk; re;jpu
ke;jpuk; cr@rhpj;J gyk; bgwyhk;.
thH;itj; jUk; th!;J
kdpjd; tsKld;/ Rf nghf';;fSld;
thH;tjw;Ff; fhuzk;/ jhd; trpf;Fk; tPL.
mg;gog;gl;l ew;gyd;fis jUk; tPl;il/
rh!;jpug{h;tkhf mikf;Fk; Kiwfis
tpsf;fkhf bjhptpg;gJjhd; th!;J rh!;jpuk;
vDk; kidao rh!;jpuk;
ePh;/ beUg;g[/ fhw;W/ Mfhak;/ g{kp
vd;w Ik;bgUk; j';fshy; Mdnj kdpj cly;.
g";r j';fshy; miktnj tPL.
,it xd;nwhL xd;W bjhlh;g[ilait. kdpjd;
thH;f;iff;Fk; mtd; thGk; tPl;Lf;Fk; ,e;j
rk;ge;jKz;L.
xU tp#aj;ij/ kdjpy; bfhs;s ntz;Lk;.
brhe;j tPL njit vd;W vy;nyhUk;
Mirg;gLtJz;L.
Mdhy;/ vy;nyhUf;Fk; me;j Mir
epiwntWtjpy;iy. rpynu tPl;il fl;ol
FonaWfpwhh;fs;.
kw;Wk; rpyh; tPl;il fl;o/ me;j tPl;oy;
FoapUf;f Koahky; thliff;F bfhLj;Jtpl;L/
jh';fs; kw;bwhU thlif tPl;oy;
trpf;fpd;wdh;. kw;Wk; rpyUf;F j';fs;
tPl;L ePh;khdnk ghjpapy;
epd;wpUf;Fk;. vj;jidnah ngh;/ bgUk;
brytpy; jh';fs; fl;oa jhWkhwhd jtwhd
fl;ll';fis ,oj;J/js;sptpl;L/ g[jpatw;iw
cUthf;fp bfhz;L/ epk;kjpahf
kfpH;r@rpa[ld; thH;fpwhh;fs;.
fhuzk; vd;d>
,jw;bfy;yhk; fhuzk; j';fs; jir kw;Wk;
jpirjhd;. mjhtJ jd; $hjfj;jpy; jir
rhpapy;iy vd;whYk;/ jhd; trpf;Fk; tPL-
jpirahtJ ed;whfapUf;Fk;go ghh;j;Jf;
bfhs;s ntz;Lk;. ,jid TWtJjhd;
th!;J rh!;jpuk;.
gyh; ,ij btspg;gilahf bra;fpwhh;fs;.
rpynuh/ ,jpy; ek;gpf;if apy;yhjJ nghy;
eoj;Jbfhz;L/ kiwKfkhf khw;w';fis bra;J
tUfpwhh;fs;. ,jid thrfh;fs; czuntz;Lk;.
kid vd;wJnk/ ekf;F jpirjhd; epidt[f;F
tuntz;Lk;. kidia njh;e;bjLf;Fk; nghJ gy
tp#a';fis ehk; mwpe;jpUf;f ntz;Lk;.
njh#hpjkhd kidfis vf;fhuzk; bfhz;Lk;
tpiy Fiw thfapUe;jhYk;/ th';ff;TlhJ.
,jdhy; bfL gyd;fs;jhd; ekf;F
kpr@rkhf ,Uf;Fk;. ew;gyd;fs; vd;gJ
fdtpy;Tl fpilahJ.
1. tlf;Fk;/ fpHf;Fk; ghh;j;j kidfs; kpfr@
rpwe;jit.
2. ,uz;lhtjhf bjw;F ghh;j;j kidiaa[k;/
nkw;F ghh;j;j kidiaa[k; njh;e;bjLf;f
ntz;Lk;.
3. rk rJukhd kidjhd; rpwg;g[ vd;whYk;
ePs; rJukhf ,Ue;jhYk; ey;yJjhd;.
4. kw;wgo totkw;w Kf;nfhz/ gy;nfhz/
tl;lkhd cLf;if totkhd/ Kl;il/ cyf;if tot
khd kidfis th';ff; TlhJ.
5. nkYk; miu tl;lkhd/ rflhfhukhd
kidiaa[k; th';ff;TlhJ.
6. bjU Fj;jk; cs;s kidfisa[k;/ th';ff; TlhJ.
7. ek; kidf;F my;yJ tPl;Lf;F tlf;F my;yJ/
fpHf;F jpirfspy;
cs;s ,lj;ij th';fp/ ek;kida[ld;
nrh;f;fyhk;.
8. kidapd; bjd; nkw;F \iy/ 90 ofphpf;F
rhpahf ,Uf;f ntz;Lk;. 90 ofphpf;F
Fiwthfnth/ mjpfhpf;fnthTlhJ. ,jdhy;
tPL bfLgyd;fis Vw;gLj;Jk;.
9. kidapd; tlnkw;F \iya[k;/
bjd;fpHf;F \iya[k; \y kl;lj;jpw;F rhpahf
90 ofphp ,Uf;f ntz;Lk;.
10. tlfpHf;F \iy/ rhpahf 90 ofphp
,Uf;fyhk;/ my;yJ bfh";rk; Fiwayhk;/
jtpu ,Uf;fnt TlhJ. ,J kpf/kpf mtrpak;.
mg;go Todhy;/ tl fpHf;F \iy
Fiwe;Jtpl;L/ bfL gyd;fs; te;J nrUk;.
11. kidapy; tlfpHf;F \iy/ bfh";rk; ePz;L/
tphpe;Jk; jpUj;jp bfhz;Lk; ,Uf;fyhk;.
12. kw;w \iyfs;/ vf;fhuzk; bfhz;Lk;
ePz;Lk;/ tsh;e;Jk; ,Uf;fnt TlhJ.
uhF jpirapy; g[j;jp gyd;fs;
uhF g[f;jp„
,e;j g[f;jp 32 khjk; 12 ehs; tiu
eilbgWk;. ,e;jf; fhyj;jpy; bghUs;
tpuak;/ kdr";ryk; Vw;gLk;.
bgw;nwhhpd; cly; eyk; ghjpf; fg;gLk;.
rpy ,Hg;g[fSk; Vw;gLk;.
FU g[f;jp„
,e;j g[f;jp 28 khjk; 24 ehs; tiu
eilbgWk;. ,e;jf; fhyj;jpy; bghJthf
ew;gyd;fs; mjpfkhf eilbgWk;. gytifahd
nahf'; fs; Vw;gLk;. tPL/ thry; th';f
Koa[k;.
rdp g[f;jp„
,e;j g[f;jp 34khjk; 6 ehs; tiu
eilbgWk;. ,e;jf; fhyj;jpy; fhhpaj; jil/
bghUs; tpuak;/ ftiy/ re;jh;g;g';fs;
ifeGtpg; nghjy; nghd;wit Vw;gLk;.
g[jd; g[f;jp„
,e;j g[f;jp 30khjk; 18 ehs; tiu
eilbgWk;. ,e;jf;fhyj;jpy; bghJ thf kpf
nkd;ikahd gyd;fs; eilbgWk;.
thH;f;ifapy; bgUk; Kd;ndw;wk;
Vw;gLk;.
nfJ g[f;jp„
,e;j g[f;jp 12khjk; 18 ehs;tiu eilbgWk;.
,e;jf; fhyj;jpy; tpahjp fshy;
ghjpg;g[ cz;lhFk;. kUj;Jtr@
bryt[ mjpfkhFk;.
Rf;fpu g[f;jp„
,e;j g[f;jp 36 khjk; tiu eilbgWk;. ,e;jf;
fhyj;jpy; fhjy; btw;wp bgWk;.
bry;thf;F mjpfkhFk;. mirahr@
brhj;Jf;fs; th';f Koa[k;.
Nhpa g[f;jp„
,e;jg; g[f;jp 10 khjk; 24 ehs; tiu/
eilbgWk;. ,e;jf; fhyj;jpy; bghUs;
tpuak;. kdfftiy/ fz; rk;ge;jg;gl;l
neha;fshy; bjhy;iy nghd;wit cz;lhFk;.
re;jpu g[f;jp„
,e;j g[f;jp 18 khjk; tiueil bgWk;. ,e;jf;
fhyj;jpy; uh$nahfk; Vw;gLk;. bghd;
bghUs;/ g{kp jhdkhf te;J nrUk;. thfd
nahfk; cz;lhFk;.
brt;tha; g[f;jp„
,e;j g[f;jp 12 khjk; 18 ehs; tiu
eilbgWk;. ,e;jf; fhyj;jpy; cld;
gpwe;njhh; tpnuhjkhf ele;J
bfhs;thh;fs;. bghUs; nrjk; cz;lhFk;.
 12 ght';fspy; rdp gfthd;
rdp gfthd; b$d;k yf;fpdj;jpw;F 12
ght';fspYk; mikag;bgw;why; vt;tpjkhd
gyd;fis cz;lhf;Ffpwhh; vd;Wk;/
vt;tpjkhd ghh;it bra;jhy; cz;lhfpwJ
vdt[k;/ mjdhy; vd;d gyhgyd; cz;lhFk;
vdt[k; ghh;g;nghk;.
rdp gfthd; b$d;k yf;dj;jpy; mikag;
bgw;why; fLikahd ciHg; ghspahft[k;/
thH;f;ifapd; gpw;ghjpapy; Vw;wj;ij
milaf; Toath; fshft[k; ,Ug;ghhfs;.
bghJthf b$d;k yf;dj;jpy; rdp mikag;
bgw;why; khepwkhft[k;/ Kfyl;rzk;
rw;W Fiwthft[k; ,Uf;Fk;.
ve;j xU fpufKk; jdJ brhe;j tPl;il ghh;it
bra;jhy; me;j ghtj;jpd; mjpgjp Ml;rp
bgw;wjw;F rkkhd ew;gyid
cz;lhf;Fthh;fs;. mJnghy; rdp 3/ 7/ 10-
k; ghh;itapy; jdJ brhe;j tPlhd kfuk;/
Fk;gj;ij ghh;it bra;jhy; me;j ghtk;
rw;W gyk; bgw;wjhf vLj;Jf;bfhs;s
ntz;Lk;. b$d;k yf;dj;jpy; cs;s rdp 3/ 7/
10-k; ghh;itahf \d;whk; tPl;il ghh;it
bra;tjhy; vLf;Fk; Kaw;rpfspy; jil/
rnfhju njh#k;/ 7-k; tPl;il ghh;g;gjhy;
jhkj jpU kz Kaw;rp/ Tl;Lj; bjhHpy; \yk;
rhjfkw;w gyid cz;lhf;Fk;.
b$d;k yf;dj;jpw;F 2-k; ,lkhd
jd!;jhdj;jpy; rdp mikag; bgw;why;
mirahr@ brhj;J tifapy; gpur@rpid
cz;lhFk;. 3-k; tPl; oy; rdp mikag;
bgw;why; ,isa cld;gpwg;g[ cz;lhf jil
Vw;gLk;. 3-k; tPl;oy; cs;s rdp 5/ 9/12-
k; tPl;il ghh;it bra;tJ \yk; rpwpJ g[j;jpu
njh#k;/g{h;tPf tHpapy; mDTy kw;w
gyd; cz;lhFk;.
b$d;k yf;dj;jpy; 4-y; rdp mikag;
bgw;why; fy;tpapy; jil/ mir ahr@ brhj;J
tifapy; gpur@rpid/ brhe;j tPL/ RfthH;t[
Vw;gl jil/ jha;f;F cly;epiy ghjpg;g[/ ,sik
thH;tpy; nghuhl; lk; cz;lhFk;. 4-y; cs;s
rdp Rgfpufkhd FU/ Rf;fpud;
nrh;f;ifnah ghh;itnah bgw;why;
Xust[f;F rhjfkhd gyid milthh;. 6-k;
tPl;il ghh;it bra;tjhy; kiwKf vjph;g;g[/
fld; gpur@rpid/ thH;tpy; gy ehl;fs;
kw;wtiu rhh;e;J ,Uf;Fk; mikg;g[/ b$d;k
yf;dj;ij ghh;it bra;tjhy; Kfj;jpd;
njhw;wk; rw;W fUg;ghf ,Uf;Fk;
NH;epiy cz;lhFk;.
b$d;k yf;dj;jpw;F 5-y; rdp mikag;
bgw;why; cah; fy;tp hPjpahf jil/
g{h;tPf tHpapy; mDTy kw;w gyd;/
g[j;jpu njh#k;/ Raey jdk;/ kdf;FHg;gk;/
Kd;nfhgk; bfhz;ltuhf ,Ug;ghh;fs;. 5-y;
rdp mikag; bgw;W 3/ 7/ 10-k; ghh;it
ahf b$d;k yf;dj;jpw;F 2/ 7/ 11-k; tPl;il
ghh;it bra;thh;. 2-k; tPl;il ghh;it
bra;tjpd; \yk; fz;fspy; nfhshW/ FLk;g
thH;tpy; gpur@rpid/ jdhPjpahf rpf;fy;/
7-k; tPl;il ghh;it bra;tjpd; \yk; jhkj
jpUkzk;/ 11-k; tPl;il ghh;it bra;tJ \yk;
jd tut[/ yhgk; mila jil cz;lhFk;.
b$d;k yf;dj;jpw;Fk;/ 6-k; tPl;oy; rdp
mikag; bgw;why; gy;ntW tifapy;
Vw;wj;ij milthh;. rpy nghuhl;lj;jpw;Fg;
gpwF thH;tpy; Kd;ndWk; mikg;g[/ cly;
Mnuhf; fpaj;Jld; ,Uf;Fk;
mikg;g[ cz;lhFk;. 6-y; rdp gyk;
,He;J ,Ue; jhy; cly;epiy ghjpg;g[/
Typahl;fs; kw;Wk; ntiyahl;fs; \yk;
gpur@rpid cz;lhFk;.
6-k; tPl;oy; cs;s rdp b$d;k
yf;dj;jpw;F3/8/12-k; tPl;il ghh;it
bra;thh;. ,jdhy; cld; gpwg;g[ ,lk; fUj;J
ntWghL/ tPz; !;jh dkhd 8-y;
mikag;bgw;why; bfL gyDf;F gjpy;
ew;gyid cz; lhf;Fk;. 8-y; rdp gyk;
bgw;wth;fSf;F vjph;ghuhj gztut[/ ,d;
Nud;!; \yk; gz tut[/ !;bgF ny#d; \yk;
gztut[ Vw;gLk;.
b$d;k yf;dj;jpw;F ghf;fpa !;jhdkhd 9-
y; rdp mikag; bgw;why; je;ijf;Fnjh#j;
ija[k;/je;ijaplk; fUj;J ntWghl;ila[k;/ je;ij
tHp cwtpdhplk; fUj;J ntWghL
cz;lhdhYk; 30 tajpw; Fg; gpwF thH;f;if
kpft[k; Vw;w kpFjyhft[k;/ btspehL
tha;g;g[fSk; cz; lhFk;. 9-y; cs;s rdp 3/
6/ 11-k; tPLfis ghh;it bra;thh;. ,jdhy;
kiwKf vjph;g;g[fs; mjpfhpf;Fk;
mikg;g[/ thH;tpy; gy;ntW tif apy;
,ila{W/ ciHg;g[f;F Vw;w gyd; mila jil
cz;lhFk;.
b$d;k yf;dj;jpw;F 6-k; tPl;oy; rdp
mikag; bgw;why; ePz;l Ma[s; cz;lhFk;.
xU fpufk; fhuf !;jhdj;jpy; mikag;
bgw;why; fhunfh ght ehr vd;w
tpjpg;go mg;ghtj;ij ghjpf;Fk;.rdpkl;Lk;
Ma[s; fhufd; vd;whYk; Ma[s; !;jhdkhd
8-y; mikag;bgw;why; bfL gyDf;F gjpy;
ew;gyid cz;lhf;Fk;. 8-y; rdp gyk;
bgw;wth;fSf;F vjph;ghuhj gztut[/
,d;Nud;!; \yk; gztut[/ !;bgFny#d; \yk;
gztut[ Vw;gLk;.
b$d;k yf;dj;jpw;F ghf;fpa !;jhd khd 9-
y; rdp mikag; bgw;why; je;ijf;F
njh#j;ija[k;/ je;ijaplk; fUj;J
ntWghl;ila[k;/ je;ij tHp cwtpdhplk;
fUj;J ntWghL cz;lhdhYk; 30 tajpw;Fg;
gpwF thH;f;if kpft[k; Vw;w
kpFjyhft[k;/ btspehL tha;g;g[fSk;
cz;lhFk;. 9-y; cs;s rdp 3/ 6/ 11-k;
tPLfis ghh;it bra;thh;. ,jdhy; kiwKf
vjph;g;g[fs; mjpfhpf;Fk; mikg;g[/
thH;tpy; gy;ntW tifapy; ,ila{W/
ciHg;g[f;F Vw;w gyd; mila jil cz;lhFk;.
rdp 10-y; mikag; bgw;why; bgah;/
g[fH;/ rKjhaj;jpy; ey;y bry; thf;F gyiu
tHpelj;Jk; mikg;g[ cz;lhFk;. rdpia
Rgfpuf';fs; ghh;it bra;jhy;
Kd;ndw;w';fs; nkYk; mjpfhpf;Fk;. rdp
10-y; ,Ug;gJ \yk; b$d;k yf;dj;jpw;F 4/
7/ 12-k; tPLfis ghh;it bra; thh;. ,jdhy;
tPz; tpua';fs; mjpfk; cz;lhFk; mikg;g[/
gy;ntW nghuhl;lj;ij vjph;bfhs;Sk;
NH;epiy/ ,y;yw thH;t[ jhkjg;gLk;
mikg;g[ cz;lhFk;. rpyUf;F mirah brhj;J
nrh;f;ifa[k;/ mjd; \yk; gy Mapuk; nrUk;
mikg;g[k; cz;lhFk;.
rdp cgb$a !;jhdkhd 11-k; tPl;oy;
mikag; bgw;why; vjph;ghuhj gz tut[/
gy;ntW tifapy; cah;t[/ vjph;ghh;j;jij
tpl mjpf yhgk; Vw;gLk;.
gaz';fs; kw;Wk; ez;gh;fs; \yk; mDTyk;
cz;lhFk;. 11-y; cs;s rdp 1/5/ 8-k; tPLfis
ghh;it bra;thh;. ,jd;\yk; khepwkhd
njhw;wk;/ g[j;jpu njh#k;/ !;bgFny#d;/
rhjfkw;w gyd; cz;lhFk;.
rdp tpua!;jhdkhd 12-k; tPl;oy; mikag;
bgw;why; tPz; tpua';fs;/ cwf;fkpd;ik/
kiwKf vjph;g;g[/ ,y;thH;tpy;
gpur@rpid/ fz;fspy; ghjpg;g[ cz;lhFk;.
12-y; cs;s rdp 2/ 6/ 9-k; tPL fis ghh;it
bra;tjhy; bfhLf;fy;/ th';fypy;
gpur@rpid/ kiwKf vjph;g;g[fs;/ njit
,y;yhj gaz';fs; Vw;gLk;.
rdp gfthd; ghh;itapy;jhd; bfLgyid
Vw;gLj;Jthh; vd;whYk; rdpgyk; bgw;W
,Ue;jhy; ePz;l Ma[s;/ mirah brhj;J
nrh;f;if/ nrkpf;Fk; jpwd; cz;lhFk;. rdp
Vw;gLj;Jk; gyd;fspy; nrh;f;if gyd;jhd;
kpft[k; Kf;fpakhdJ MFk;. rdp Rgh;
nrh;f;if kw;Wk; ghh;it bgw;why; ePz;l
Ma[s; Vw;gLtJ kl;Lk; ,y;yhky; bry;tk;/
bry;thf;F cz;lhfpwJ. mJnt ghtpfs;
nrh;f;if bgw;why; Kiw jtWk; mikg;g[/
cly;epiyapy; ghjpg;g[ cz;lhfpwJ.
b$d;k yf;dj;jpw;F nfe;jpu !;jhdkhd 1/
4/ 7/ 10-y; rdp Ml; rpnah/ cr@rnkh
bgw;W ,Ue;jhy; g"; rk tuh
g[U#nahfj;jpy; rpwe;j nahfkhd
Rgnahfk; cz;lhfpwJ. ,jdhy; ePz;l Ma[s;/
Mnuhf;fpak;/ mirah brhj;J nrh;f;if/
murpay; gjtp/ bgah; g[fH; cz;lhfpwJ.
uhrpg; bghUj;jk;...
bghJthf bghpnahh;fshy;
epr@rapf;fg;gLfpw midj;J ,e;J jpUkz';
fSk; kzkfd;-kzkfs; $hjfg; bghUj;jj;jpd;
mog;gilapy;jhd; jPh; khdpf;fg;gLfpwJ.
jpUkzg;ngr@R thh;j;ijapd; Kjy; mk;rnk
$hjfg; ghpth;j;jida[k; mJ bjhlh;ghd
$hjfg; bghUj;jk; ghh;g;gJk;jhd;.
,f;fhy fl;lj;jpy; mDgtk; tha;e;j tPl;Lg;
bghpath;fs; Mz; -bgz; $hjfj;ij
nkyhl;lkhfg; ghh;j;J uhrp bghUj;jk;
,Uf;fpwjh vd;W ghh;j;J tpLfpd;wdh;.
MdhYk; Tl mth;fSk; fy;ahzk; vd;gJ
Mapu';fhyj;Jg; gaph; vd;fpw
epidg;gpy; ey;ybjhU n$hjplhplk;
bjspthf bjhpahtpl;lhYk; mDgt thapyhf
bghUj;jk; ,Uf;fpwjh vd;W vg;gog;
ghh;f;fpd;whh;fs; vdpy;
uhrpg;bghUj;jj;jpd; mog;gilapy;jhd;.
Mf/ jpUkz epr@raj;jpw;F bghUj;jk;/
jpdg;bghUj;jk;/ fzg;bghUj;jk;/ uhrp
mjpgjp bghUj;jk;/ trpa bghUj;jk;
ghh;j;J mjd; mog;gilapy; jhd;
epr@rapg;ghh;fs;. vy;yhg;
bghUj;jKk; ,iae;J tuhtpl;lhYk;Tl
bgUk;ghyhd bghUj;j';fs; ,iae;J
te;jhy;jhd; jpUg;jpa[ld; jpUkzj;ij cWjp
bra;a Kd; tUthh;fs;. ,g;gog; ghh;f;fpw
bghUj;;j';fspy; Kjy; mk;rkhf jpfH;tJ
uhrpg; bghUj;jnk.
,e;j uhrpg; bghUj;jk; jhd; vy;yhg;
bghUj;j';fisa[k; tpl kpf kpf Kf;fpakhd
mnj rkak; mtrpakhd bghUj;jKk; MFk;.
Fwpg;gpl;Lr@ brhy;yg;nghdhy; $hjfg;
bghUj;jk; ghh;f;fpd;w bghGJ xU
n$hjplh; kzkfd;- kzkfs; $hjfj;ij itj;J Kjy;
mk;rkhf uhrpg;bghUj;jj;ij ghh;g;gjw;F
fhuznk kw;w bghUj;j';fshd/ knfe;jpug;
bghUj;jk;/ jpdg;bghUj;jk;/ fzg;
bghUj;jk;/ uhrp mjpgjp bghUj;jk;/trpa
bghUj;jk;/ ,ul;rpg; bghUj;jk;/ !;jphp
jPh;f;fg; bghUj;jk;/ nahdpg; bghUj;jk;/
ntijg; bghUj;jk;/ ehog; bghUj;jk;
nghd;witfs; njhd;wpd vd;gjdhy;jhd;.
mjw;fhf uhrpg; bghUj;jk; kl;Lk;
,Ue;jhy; nghJk; ,e;j ,jug;
bghUj;j';fbsy;yhk; njitapy;iy vd;W
mh;j;jkpy;iy.
cjhuzkhf xU kzkfSf;F uhrpg;bghUj;jk;
ghh;f;fpd;wnghJ/ bkhj;j Ks;s
gd;dpbuz;L uhrpfspy; kzkfSila b$d;k
uhrpf;F 3 my;yJ 7 my;yJ 11 Mtjhf tUk;
uhrpfspy; gpwe;j kzkfDila $hjfk; kpfg;
bghUj;jkhf mika[k; vd;Wk;/ ,th;fs;
,UtUf;Fk; jpUkzk; bra;J itj;jhy; tskhd
thH;f;if mika[k; vd;gJ n$hjpl rh!;jpu
ek;gpf;if MFk;.
Mdhy;/ vy;yh kzkfSf;Fk; my;yJ vy;yh
kzkfDf;Fk; nkny brhy;yg;gl;lJ
khjphp ,uhrpg; bghUj;jk;
mike;JtpLtJ ,y;iy. ,t;thW mikahj
$hjfUf;F uhrpg;bghUj;j mog;gilapy;
vg;go jpU kzk; epr@rapf;fg;gLfpwJ.
hp#gk; Kjy; kPdk; tiu gpwe;j Mzpw;F
4MtJ/ 8MtJ/ 12Mt jhf mikag; bgw;w
bgz; uhrp bghUe;jp tUk;.
nk#k;/ kpJdk;/ rpk;kk;/ Jyhk;/ jDR/
Fk;gk; Mfpa uhrpapy; gpwe;j xU
bgz;zpw;F 4MtJ/ 8MtJ 12 MtJ ,uhrpfs;
bghUe;jp tuhJ. Mdhy;/ ,e;j
uhrpf;fhuh;fSf;F 2 MtJ/ 6 MtJ/ 10 MtJ
uhrpfs; kpf kpfg;bghUj;jkhf ,iae;J
tUk;. ,t;tpU $hjfj;ija[k; ,izf;fyhk;;.
hp#gk;/ fl fk;/ fd;dp/ tpUr@rpfk;/
kfuk;/ kPdk; nghd;w uhrpapy; gpwe;j
bgz;zpw;F 2 MtJ/ 6 MtJ/ 10 MtJ uhrp
mikg;g[fs; JspTl bghUe;jp tuhJ.
,th;fs; ,ize;jhy; neha;/ ranuhfk;/
tpgj;J/ bghUshjhuj; jilfs;/ g[j;jpu
ghf;fpakpd;ik/ jha;f;F Rff;nfL/
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nghdhYk; my;yJ nfhtpy; ,d;wp
nghdhYk; mij kz;nkL vd;W jhd;
TWthh;fs;. mJnghy; Rgfpuf';fshf
,Ue;jhYk; mJ jdpj;J epw;gJ vd;gJ
bray;yw;w fpufkhf ,Uf;Fk;.
brt;tha;-re;jpud; FUt[ld; epw;Fk;nghJ
mRg gyid jUtjpy; jaf;fk; fhl;oajpy;iy
vd bjhpfpwJ. xU ey;ytd; bfl;l
ez;gh;fSld; nrh;e;J Jd;gk; Vw;gLk;
nghJjhd; g[j;jp bjspa[k;.
mJ nghy; jhd; fpuf';fSk; Rg fpufk; mRg
fpufj;njhL mRg gyid jUk;nghJ g{h;t
g[z;zpak; ek;ik jLj;J fhf;Fk;. Rgfpufk;
Rgfpuf';fSld; nrh;e;J Rggyid jUk;nghJ
ekf;F nahfkhd fhyk; bjhl';fptpl;lJ vd
mwpfpnwhk;. ,e;j Rg fpuf';fis 3/ 6/ 8/
12-y; kiwe;J epd;whYk; mjd;
jd;ikf;Fhpa gyd; jUfpwJ. jdpj;J epd;w
fpufk; me;j jpir fhy';fspy;Tl nahf gyid
jUtjpy;iy. ,g;gog ;gl;l FUt[k;- g[jDk;
vg;nghJk; Tl;Lf;fpufj;njhL ,Ug;gnj
$hjfh;F gy nahf gyid jUfpwJ.
Mr;rhpakhd mtjhuk;
jPath;fis mHpf;f itFz;l ehjd; vLj;j gj;J
mtjhu';fspy; eurpk;khtjhuk; Xh;
Mr@rhpakhd mtjhuk;. ,uz;ahRuid tjk;
bra;a vg;gog;gl;l mtjhuk; vLf;fyhk;
vd;W mth; Kd;Tl;ona jpl;lkplhky;
ahhplKk; brhy;yhky; vLj;j jpOh;
mtjhuk;.
gue;jhkd; ve;j mtjhuk; vLj;jhYk;
kfhyl;Rkpf;Fj; bjhpahky; ,uhJ.
uhktjhuk; vLj;jf; fhyj;jpy; mnahj;jpah
rf;futh;j;jp jrujDf;F \j;j jpUkfdhfg;
gpwe;J/ uhtzhjpfid tjk;
bra;ag;nghtjhfj; njth;fSf;F thf;F
bfhLj;jg; gpwnf mth; jrujg;
g[j;jpudhfg; gpwe;jhh;.
fpU#zhtjhuk; gpwe;jJ Xh; ,lk;/ tsh;e;jJ
ntnwhh; ,lk;. bgw;nwhh;fs; ahh; vd;W
gfpu';fkhf mwptpf;f Koahky;
nfhFyj;jpy; mth; Mah;gho gf;jh;fSf;F
eLnt ee;j nfhghydpd;
tsh;g;g[ kfdhfnt ,Ue;J m';F ghy;a
yPiyfs; bra;a ntz;oapUe;jJ.
thkd mtjhuj;jpy; Fs;s cUtj;njhL
gpuk;kr@rhhp ntlk; g[ide;J je;jpukhf
kfhgypaplk; \d;wo kz; ahrfk; nfl;f
ntz;oa xUepiy gue;jhkDf;F Vw;gl;lJ.
mth; nghyp gpuk;kr@rhhp vd;w
cz;ikia mwpe;J bfhz;L mRuFU
Rf;uhr@rhhpahhpd; vjph;g;ig
kPwpglhj ghLgl;L \d;wo kz; bgw
ntz;o ,Ue;jJ.
eurpk;k mtjhuj;jpy; mth; vg;gogl;l
mtjhuk;/ v';nf vLf;fg; nghfpwhh;>
vd;gJ ahUf;Fk; bjhpahJ. gpuk;khtplk;
Vuhskhd tu';fisg; bgw;w ,uz;ad;
itFz;lk; brd;W gue;jhkdplk; nghhpl
brd;wnghJ m';nf ehuhazid fhzhjjhy;
jdf;F gae;J v';nfnah ehuhazd; xspe;J
bfhz;L tpl;lhd; vd;W vz;zp eifj;jhd;.
Mdhy; vg;bghGJk; ehuhazd; epidthf
,Ue;j ,uz;ad; ehuhazd; koapy;
fplj;jg;gl;L mtuhy; fpHpf;fg;gl;L kuzk;
mila[k; ghf;fpaj;ijg; bgw;whd;.
uhk mtjhuj;jpy; uhtzid neh;
vjph;bfhz;L mk;g[ va;jpjhd; bfhd;whh;
|uhkh;. fpU#z mtjhuj;jpy; fk;ridj;
jiuapy; fplj;jp mtDila khh;gpy; gha;e;J
tjk; bra;jhh; |fpU#zh;. Mdhy;
,uz;aDf;Ff; fpilj;j koghf;fpak;
mth;fSf;Ff; fpilf;ftpy;iy.
,uz;adpd; kfd; gpufyhjd; ehuhazd;
J}zpYk; ,Ug;ghd; vd Twnt J}qf;Fs;
,Ue;J xU g[jpa totj;njhL eudhft[k;/
rpk;kkhft[k; te;J ,uzpaidf; if
ef';fspdhy; fpHpj;J vwpe;jhh;.
mg;gog;gl;l Mr@rhpakhd mtjhuj;ij
ahUk; vjph;ghh;f;ftpy;iy.
kfhyl;Rkpf;Fk; Tl mwpe;J bfhs;s ,ayhj
mstpy; kpft[k; ufrpakhf vLj;j
tpj;jpahrkhd mtjhuk;jhd; eurpk;k
mtjhuk;.
,uz;ahNuid Mr@rhpakhd eurpk;kdhfj;
njhd;wp tjk; bra;J ghy;a gf;jd;
gpufyhjid MH;thuhf;fpg;
bgUikg;gLj;jpa mtjhuk;/ eurpk;k
mtjhuk;.
mJkl;Lky;y/ gpufyhjdpd; FUthdehujh;
jd; rPldpd; bgUikiag; gyhplk;
brhy;ypg; bgUik gl;Lf;bfhz;lhh;.
bghJthfj; jd; FUitg; gw;wp rPld;jhd;
bgUiknahL ,d;dhUila rPld; ehd; vd;W
gzpnthL TWtJ kug[. Mdhy; FUthfpa
ehujh; rPld; gpufyhjDila bgUikia
gyhplk; brhy;ypaJk; Mr@rhpak;jhd;.
mUk;bgUk; Md;kPf rPyh;fSk;/
kfhp#pfSk;/ kd;dh;fSk; mRuFy
gpufyhjdpd; bgUikia mwpe;J
bka;rpyph;j;J ,Uf;fpwhh;fs;.
mg;gog;gl;l Mr@rhpakhd mtjhuk;
eurpk;k mtjhuk;.
-j. rj;jpaehuhazd;/ brd;id.
bry;tk; ahUf;F nrUk;>
tp.mfpyhz;nl!;thp/
ngh!;ly; fhydp/ Kjy; bjU/ nkw;F khk;gyk;/
brd;id-600 033.
$hjf hPjpahf mjpfkhd bry;tKk;/
bry;thf;Fk; bgWk; nahfkhd
mikg;g[s;sth;fs; ahbud;W fhz;nghkh>
1. re;jpu gfthd;/ FU/ g[jd; Mfpa \tUk;
To VjhtJ xU ,uhrpapy; epd;why; mtd;
kpFe;j mHF/ mjpfkhd epjp/ jPh;f;fha[R
,itfs; cs;stdhf ,Ug;ghd;.
2. Rf;fpud; 8-y; epd;why; me;j $hjfh;
fl;oy;/ bkj;ij (kho tPL) khl khspif Toa
ey;y tPLk;/ kida[k;/ muz;kidapy;
ntiya[k; fpl;Lk;. Mdhy; gpw;fhyj;jpy;
,it epiyg;gJ fodnk. Vbddpy; brhFrhf
,Ue;J Mlk;gukhf brytHpj;J gpwF
tUe;Jthh;fs;.
3. ghpth;j;jid vd;w fpuf';fs; khwp
epw;gjhy; tUk; nahfKk; (ey;y epiyapy;
Rgh;fs;) epiwa jde;jUk; nahfkhFk;.
ehd;fhkjpgjpa[k;/ gj;jhkjpgjpa[k; To
epw;f bghpa nfhapy;fspy; jpUg; gzp
bra;gtdhft[k;/ thfdhjp nahf';fSk;/
brk;bghd;Dk; fpl;Lk;. 10-k; mjpgjp
Rf;fpudhdhy; Jh;f;iff;Fk;/ g[jdhdhy;
Iadhh;/ jpUkhYf;Fk;/ brt;thahdhy;/
KUfDf;Fk;/ FUthf ,Ug;gpd; rptDf;Fk;
nfhapy; jpUg;gzpfs; bra;thh;.
g[jhjpj;a nahfk; ey;y g[j;jp/
mwpthw;wy;/ epiwe;j jdk;/ ey;y cj;jp
nahfk; Kjypatw;iwj; jUk; nahfkhFk;. 4-
k; ,lj;jpy; Rf;fpud; epw;f. tPL/ thfdk;/
g{kp Kjypa bghUl;fs; epiwa nrUk;.
rpwe;j nahfrhypahf tps';Fthd;. ,jw;F
neh; vjph; tPlhfpa 10-k; tPl;oy; rdp
gfthDk; ,Uf;f nkYk; nahf';fs; fpl;Lk;.
mkhthir nahfk; re;jpud;/ Nhp ad;
,UtUk; To epw;Fk; mkhthir nahfj;jpy;
gpwe;jth;fs; ey;y jd nrh;f;ifa[k;/
fsj;jpu ner Kilatdhft[k;
tps';Fthh;fs;. ,nj Nhpad;/ FUt[ld; To
epw;f bgUk; I!;thpak; cz;lhFk;.
Rf;fpud;/ rdp To ve;j uhrpapy;
,Ug;gpDk; kpFe;j trPfuk; Toa tdhft[k;/
jdk;/ thfd nrh;f;ifa[k; cilatdhft[k;
,Ug;ghd;.
FUk';fs nahfk; FUt[k;/ brt;tha[k; Toa
FUk';fs nahfj;jhy; kd;ddplk; ghuhl;Lk;/
jd jhd;a/ thfd rk;ge;Jf;fSk; cz;lhFk;.
brt;tha[k;/ g[jDk; To epw;f nghf
ghf;a';fSk;/ ey;y gz;ojKk;/ epiwe;j
epjpa[k; nrUk;.
FU/ g[jd;/ Nhpad;/ Rf;fpud; ,th;fs; To
xU uhrpapy; epw;f/ g[jhjpj;a nahfk;
kw;Wk; tp#q y&kp nahfk; ,it To mjpf
bry;tk; kw;Wk; rpwg;g[ld; thH;thd;.
tPL/ kid/ epjpfs; mjpfkhFk;.
uhF gfthd; jUk; nahfk; nk#k;/ hp#gk;/
kfuk;/ flfk; vd;w uhrpfspy; uhF gfthd;
epw;f kw;w fpuf';fs; aht[k; cga
uhrpfspy; ,Ue;jhy; me;jfphp nahfk;
vDk; epiwe;j bry;tk;/ bry;thf;F jUk;
nahfk; cz;lhFk;. nkiljdpy; Japy;fpd;w
nahf Kz;lhFk;.
nfJthy; cz;lhFk; nahfk;
1/ 5/ 9 jphpnfhz';fs; (my;yJ) 11-
kplj;jpnyh nfJ ,Uf;f mur bgUkf;fshy;
gytpjkhd yhg';fisj; jUthh;.
rptdUspdhy; bgUk; bghd;Dk;/
bry;tKk;/ kida[k;/ tPLk; fpl;Lk;.
n$hjplk;/ fzpjk; ,itfspy; rpwe;J
tps';Fthh;fs;.
rpwg;g[ tha;e;j ehd;fhk;
tPl;Lf;Fhpatd;/ epd;w tPl;Lf;Fg; gj;jhk;
mjpgjp NhpaDld; ToapUe;jhy;/ me;j
$hjfUf;F mnef kpfSk;/ ey;y ngUk;/
g[fGk; cz;lhFk;. nkYk;/ ,td; xU rpwe;j
nghfthdhft[k;/ midtuhYk; ghuhl;lj;
jf;ftdhft[k; jpfH;thd;. Nhpadpd;
typikawpe;J Twntz;Lk;.
jh;kfh;khjpgjp nahfk;
jh;kfh;khjpgjpfshfpa 9/ 10 Mk;
mjpgjpfs; Vjh tnjhh; ,uhrpapy;
ToapUe;jhYk;/ (m) xUtiubahUth;
ghh;j;jhYk; (m) ,UtUk; fpufk; khwp
ghpth;j;jidahf ,Ue;jhYk; me;j
$hjfUf;Fj; jh;k/ fh;k ,uh$ nahfk; te;J
nrUk;. ,jd; fhuzkhf/ ,tDf;F mfKk;/
bghUSk;/ epyKk;/ brk;bghd;Dk;
kpFjpahd mstpy; fpilf;Fk; vd; gJ cWjp.
Nhpad;-rdp-uh$ nahfk;
ghf;fpa!;jhdkhfpa xd;gjhkplj;jpnyh
(m) Mwhkplkhfpa rj;JU !;jhdj;jpnyh
NhpaDk;/ rdpa[k; To epd;why;/ mnef
ghf;fpa';fSk;/ bry;tr@ nrh;f;ifa[k;
cz;lhFk;. nkYk;/ ,e;j $hjfh; ,g;g[tpapy;
xU bghpa gpur';fpahfj; jpfH;thh;.
g[ijay; nahfk; yf;dhjpgjp 1/ 5/ 9
vd;Dk; jphpnfhz !;jhd'; fspnyh (m)
,uz;lhkplkhfpa jd!;jhdj;jpnyh
epd;why;/ me;j $hjfUf;F g[ijay; jdk;
fpl;Lk;* ,e;j $hjfh; ,g;g[tpapy; midtUk;
g[fGk;goahf thH;thd;. ftpij ghLtjpy;
ty;ytdhf ,Ug;ghd;. nkYk;/ ,tDf;F mnef
FjpiufSk;/ tpis tay;fSk; fpilf;Fk;. mJ
kl;Lky;yhky;/ ,td; md;d rj;jpuk;
Kjyhdtw;iwf; fl;o/ gyUf;F mKjspj;J/
midtUk; ,tidg; ghuhl;Lk;goahf
rpwg;ghf thH;thd;.
m#ly&kp nahfk; yf;dj;jpw;F 6-y;
fUk;ghk;g[ vd;W miHf;fg;gLk; uhF
gfthd; epw;f/ brk;ghk;ghd nfJ 12-y;
epw;f/ rpwg;g[j;jd;ik tha;e;j FUgfthd;
1/ 4/ 7/ 10 vd;Dk; nfe;jpu !;jhd';fspy;
Vjhtbjhd;wpy; epd;why;/ me;j $hjfUf;F
m#lyl;Rkp nahfk; cz;lhFk;. ,e;j $hjfh;
j';fSf;Fg; gyp/ g{i$ Kjyhdtw;iwr@
bra;J jdJ kidapnyh (m) taypnyh cs;s
fpzw;wpypUe;J mnef jputpa';fis
btspapy; vLj;Jr@ nrfhpj;J itj;Jf;
bfhs;thd;.
I!;thpa nahfk; ,e;j yf;dj;jpw;Fg;
gd;dpbuz;lhkplkhfpa tpua!;jhdj;jpy;
Rf;fpud; epw;f/ ,uz;lhkplkhfpa
FLk;g!;jhdj;jpy; FU gfthd; epw;f/
yf;dhjpgjp nfe;jpu/
jphpnfhz !;jhd';fspy; epw;f/ mtUf;F 9/
11 Mk; mjpgjpfspd; ghh;it fpilj;jhy;/
me;j $hjfUf;F kpFjpahd mstpy; bghd;
nrh;f;if Vw;gLk;.
,uh$ nahfk; guk FUt[k;/ uhFt[k; To
VjhtbjhU ,uhrpapy; epw;f/ ,th;fSld;
re;jpuDk; ToapUe;jhy; ,e;j $hjfh;
,g;g[tpia MSk; kd;duhf
fhl;rpaspg;ghh;. ,tUf;F nfhlhD nfho
njh; tPuh;fSk;/ jplkhd Fjpiug;gila[k;/
mnef uj';fSk; cz;L.
rf;futh;j;jp nahfk; Ie;J fpuf';fs;
xd;whff; To VjhtbjhU ,uhrpapy; epw;f/
kw;w fpuf';fs; aht[k; kw;w ,uhrpfspy;
jdpj;jdpahf epd;why;/ me;j $hjfd; ,e;j
cyifbay;yhk; MSk; kd;dtd; vd;W
TWthahf. mtDf;F epiwe;j gil
tPuh;fSk;/ mtd; kPJ gf;jp brYj;Jk;
khe;jh; Tl;lKk; bkj;j cz;L vd;W
czh;tha;. ,tDila bfho fly; fle;Jk; g[fGld;
gwf;Fk;* nkYk; ,tDf;Fr@ brk;bghd;
nrh;f;ifa[k;/ tpis epy Kk; mjpf mstpy;
fpilf;Fk;.
fhjy; jpUkzk; ahUf;F>
yf;dj;jpw;F mjpgjp Rf;fpud; tPl;oy;
,Ug;gpDk;/ Rf;fpundhL ,ize;jpUe;jhYk;
my;yJ yf;dhjpgjp Rf;fpud; tPl;oy;
mkh;e;J bfhz;L/ Rf;fpudpd;
ghh;itgLkhW mike;jhYk; ,e;j $hjfh;
fhjy; kd;dd; vdg;gLthh;.
7- k; tPl;L mjpgjp Rf;fpud; tPlhfp
hp#gk; yf;fpdkhf cila $hj fhpd;
yf;fpdj;ijg; ghh;j;jhYk; Rf;fpud; 7-f;F
mjpgjpfs; ,ize;jp Ug;gpDk; fhjy; kzk;
g[hpthh;fs;.
xUthpd; $hjfj;jpy; yf;dj;jpw;F 5-y;
brt;tha;/ rdp To mth;fis ghtpfs; ahUk;
ghh;f;fhj epiy mike;jhy; fhjy; kzk;
miktjw;F tha;g;g[z;L.
yf;dj;jpw;F 7- y; brt;tha; ,Uf;f/ 12-k;
,lj;jpy; Rf;fpud; epd;W/ yf;dj;jpw;F
mjpgjpahft[k; Rf;fpund Mdhy;
mth;fSf;Fk; fhjy; jpUkznk elf;Fk;.
8-y; cs;s Rf;fpud; fhjYf;F kpfg;bghpa
btw;wpiaj; jUthh;. fhjYf;F jilfs; ,d;wp
re;njh#khfj; jpUkzk; Kof;f ,e;j mikg;g[
bghpJk; cjt[k;. xUntis fhjy; ,d;wp
kzKoj;jhYk; kzj;jpw;Fg; gpwF thH;f;ifj;
Jiziag; bghpJk; fhjypg;ghh;fs;.
Rf;ud; 11-k; ghtj;jpy; mike;jhy; epiwa
Mz;/ bgz; el;g[f;fs; cUthFk;. fhjypj;J
kzk; Kof;Fk; epiyika[k; cz;lhFk;.
Rf;fpu d; 12-k; gh tj;jpy; ,Ue;J 6-k;
mjpgjpapd; ghh;ita[k; ,Ue;jhy; ntz;lhj
cwt[fs; cz;lhff; TLk;. fhjypy;
njhy;tpa[Wk; epiya[k; cz;lhFk;.
5-k; mjpgjp tf;fpuk; bgw;W 7-k;
mjpgjp re;jpudpd; tPl;oy; nfJ t[k; ,ize;J
7-k; tPl;oy; ve;j fpufk; cs;snjh me;j
tPl;od; mjpgjpa[ld; 5- f;fjpgjpa[k;
nrh;e;J 12- y; ,Ue;jhYk; fhjy; jpUkz k;
eilbgWk;.
$hjfj;jpy; 5-k; mjpgjp Rf;fpud; 4-y;
,Uf;f mtiu 7-f;F mjpg jpahd FU gfthd;
tf;fpuk; bgw;W 5-k; ghh;itahf
ghh;f;Fk; tifapy; mike;jhYk; rdp 7-
y; ,Ue;J yf;fpdj;ijg; ghh;j;jhYk; $h
jfUf;F fyg;g[ fhjy; jpUkzk; cz;lhFk;.
brt;tha; fpufk; 7-kplj;jpy; ,Ue;jhYk;/ 7-
kplk; brt;tha;/ Rf;fpud; ghh;itapy;
gLkhW mike;jpUe;jhYk; Tl fhjy;
jpUkzk; miktjw;F kpft[k; tha;g;g[s;sJ.
7-k; tPl;oy; brt;tha; tf;fpuk; bgw;W
,Ue;J/ rdp (m) Rf;fp udpd; ghh;ita[k;
bgw;whYk; fhjy; jpUkzk; kw;Wk;
xd;Wf;F nkw;gl;l kzKk; Tl tha;g;g[s;sJ.
11-k; ,lj;jpy; brt;tha; cs;sth;fSf;F gy
Mz;/ bgz; el;g[f;fs; mjp fk; cz;lhFk;. R
f;fpudpd; ghh;ita[k; ,Uf;f fhjy; jpUkzk;
cz;lhFk;.
hp#g yf;dj;jpw; F 7/ 12-k; mjpgjp
brt;tha;/ mth; 7- y; ,Uf;f yf;dhjpgjp
Rf;ud; 12- y; ,Uf;f ,g;go mike;Js;s
$hjfUf;Fk; fhjy; jpUkznk mika[k;.
nkYk; hp#g yf;dj;jpw;F 7-1 2-k; mjpg
jpahf cs;s brt;tha; yf;dj;jpw;F 1 2-
nyna Ml;rpahf ,Ue;jhYk; Tl fhjy; jpUkz
nk mika[k;.
5-k; mjpgjp g[jDld; 7-k; mjpgjp
Nhpad; ,UtUk; ,ize;J uhF/ nfJt[ld;
rk;ge;jg;gl;L 6-kplj;jpy; ,Uf;f/ 12-
ypUe;J tf;fpuk; bgw;w rdpapd;
ghh;itg;gl;ljhy; fhjy; jpUkzk; bra;J
bfhz;lhh;. rdp NhpaDf;F 7-kplj;jpy;
cs;sjhy; jpUkz thH;tpy; Fiwt[ xd;Wk;
tutpy;iy.
rad Rfk;
radk; vd;gJ epj;jpiuiaa[k;/ Rfk; vd;gJ
ehk; ,t;t[yfpy; mD gtpf;Fk; midj;J
Rf';fisa[k; Fwpg;gjhFk;.
J}f;fk; epk;kjpahf xU kdpjDf;F ,Uf;f
mtDf;F kdepk;kjpa[k; ntz;Lk;.
kdepk;kjpa[ld; ey;y radk; xU kdpjDf;F
fpilf;f ntz;Lkhdhy; $hjfj;jpy; fPH;f;fz;l
mikg;g[fs; ,Uf;f ntz;Lk;.
uhFt[k;/ ehd;fhk; mjpgjpa[k; ,ize;J
Ie;jhk; ,lj;jpy; ,Ug;gJ.
2/ 3/ 12 k; mjpgjpfs; ,ize;J re;jpuDf;F
VjhtJ xU nfe;jpuj;jpy; ,Ug;gJ.
ehd;fhk; ,lj;jpy;/ re;jpud; kw;Wk;
Rf;fpud; ,ize;J gyk; bgw;W mth;fis
Rgh; ghh;f;f/ VHhk; ,lj;jpy; uhF ,Uf;Fk;
$hjfh;fSf;F ey;y Rfhjhu trjpa[ld; Toa
,lj;jpy; rad Rfk; fpilf;Fk;.
ehd;fhk; ,lj;jpy; re;jpud;/ ,uz;lhk;
,lj;jpy; 12-k; mjpgjp ,Uf;Fk; $hjfh;fSf;F
rad Rfj;jpw;F g";rkpy;iy.
yf;dk; my;yJ re;jpuDf;F VjhtJ xU
nfe;jpuj;jpy; FU ,Uf;f 11-k; mjpgjp/ 12-
k; mjpgjp ,Uf;Fk; $hjfh;fs; epj;jpiu
gphpah;fs;.
g[jDf;F nfe;jpuj;jpy; brt;tha; ,Ue;jhy;
trjpahd gLf;if
RfKz;L.
ehd;fhk; ,lj;jpy; FU/ 7-k; mjpgjp 7-k;
,lj;jpy; my;yJ re;jp uDf;F 2-k; ,lj;jpy;
,Ug;gJ rydkw;w rad Rfk; jUk;.
g[jd;/ Rf;fpud;/ 12-k; mjpgjp Mfpa
,k;\d;W fpuf';fs; ,ize;J yf;dj;jpy;
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epj;a nahf';fs;...
g.m.rPjhuhkd;/
mgPg[y;yh rhiy/ jpahfuha efh;/ brd;id-600
017.
g";rh';fj;jpypUe;J xUth; gpwe;j neuk;
ve;j nahfbkd;W bjhpa
tUk;. mjd; gyd;fis ,e;j fl;Liuapy;
fhz:nghk;.
tp#:fk;g nahfk; xUth; tp#:fk;g
nahfj;jpy; gpwe;jpUe;jhy; mth;
bry;te;juhf tps';Fthh;. ed;whf fy;tp
fw;wpUg;ghh;. Rje;jpu
kdg;ghd;ik cs;sth;.
gphPjp nahfk; gphPjp nahfj;jpy;
gpwe;j xUth; vy;nyhuhYk; nerpf;fg;
gLthh;. kidtpaplk; md;ghf ,Ug;gh;.
Ma[#:khd; nahfk; ,e;j nahfj;jpy;
gpwe;jth; epiwa Ma[Sld;
thH;thh;. mtUf;F cah;e;j cj;jpnahfk;
fpilf;Fk;. kpft[k;
g[fGlDk;/ ey;y FHe;ijfSlDk; ,Ug;ghh;.
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md;g[ld; ,Ug;ghh;.
gzf;fhu thH;t[/ btspehLfSf;Fr; bry;Yk;
nahfKz:L. Rf thH;t[.
mjpfz:l nahfk; ,e;j nahfj;jpy; gpwe;jth;
Kuldhf ,Uf;f
tha;g;g[ cz:L. epiwa jl';fy;fis flf;f ntz:o
tUk;. tpgj;J
Vw;glyhk;. ey;y cauKs;stuhf ,Ug;ghh;.
btspehL bry;Yk;
ghf;fpaKz:L.
Rfh;kehk nahfk; ey;y gzf;fhuuhft[k;/
ey;ytuhft[k;/ ey;y gz:g[s;s
kidtpnahL Tlt[k;/ gz:g[ila FHe;ijfSila
tUk; Mf
thH;thh;.
jpUjp nahfk; gzf;fhuh; ey;yth; ey;y
kidtp gz:g[ilath;
md;ghd FHe;ijnahL Toath;.
r{y nahfk; vg;nghJk; rpLrpLbtd;W
,Ug;ghh;; epiwa gzkpUf;Fk;.
fz:l nahfk; caukhd kdpjh;. bfl;l
Fz';fnshLk;/ Jd;gj;JlDk;
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tpUj;jp nahfk; ehSf;F ehs; Kd;ndw;wk;
bjhpa[k;. ey;y
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gzf;fhu thH;t[ ey;y
FHe;ijapUg;gth;.
JUt nahfk; ,th; kdJ khwhky; ,Uf;Fk;.
ntz:oa mst[ gzk;
cz:L bghWikrhyp. fgj;jpdhy; rpy
ntisfspy; mtjpg;gLthh;.
tpahfhjk; bfl;l Fz';fnshL Toath; kdk;
mof;fo khWgth;
g[fGld; Toath; rpy ntisfspy; grpahy;
thLgth;.
Qh;#z nahfk; Rfthrp g[j;jprhyp
RgkpUg;gth; g[fGld; thH;gth;.
t$;u nahfk; gzf;fhuh; gpwh; Fw;wk;
ghh;g;gth; gpj;jg; gpurpj;jp/ mjpf
fhkk; cs;sth;.
rpj;jp nahfk; gpwUf;F cjt[gth;
jpwikrhyp gzf;fhuh; gz:g[s;s
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thPahd; nahfk; kw;wtiu Vkhw;Wthh;
epiwa ijhpakpUf;Fk; ey;y
kidtpiaa[k;/ FHe;ijfisa[k; mila[k;
nahfKz:L. gzk;
gilj;jtuhf ,Ug;ghh;.
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gpwUf;F cjt[gth;
ey;y kidtpapUg;gth; xy;ypahd cly;thF.
rpy nahfk; kw;wth;fshy;
kjpf;fg;gLgth; mikjpahdth; gzf;fhuh;
flt[s; gf;jpa[s;sth; kfpH;r;rpa[ld;
,Ug;gth; bgUj;j cly;
gilj;jth;.
rpj;j nahfk; flt[s; ek;gpf;if cs;sth;.
cah; Fzk; gilj;jth;.
g[fH; cilath;. gzKilaw;wth;.
rhj;jpa nahfk; Ez: fiyfspy;
Mh;tk;kpf;fth; ntz:oa mst[
gzk; rk;ghjpj;jth; Jd;gkw;wth; ey;y
bgah;/ g[fH; cs;sth;.
Rg nahfk; mHfhdth;/ cly;eyd; mof;fo
ghjpg;g[s;sth;. ey;y
gz:g[ila kidtpa[ld; Toath; murpay;
cj;jpnahfk; tfpg;gth;.
Rf;y nahfk; kdJ xU epiyapypy;yhjth;
rpwe;j ngr;rhsh;
ew;gz:g[fSilath; rpy ntisfspy; nfhgk;
bfhs;gth;.
gpuk;k nahfk; mjpf Mira[s;sth; jd;
vz:z';fis jd;Ds;
g[ijj;J itg;gth; gzj;jl;Lg;ghL mw;wth;
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mgpkhdk; kpf;fth;.
khnfe;jpu nahfk; cah; fy;tp fw;wth;
kw;wth;fSf;F cjt[gth;
ed;whf rk;ghjpg;gth;.
itjpUjp nahfk; fz: neha; cs;sth; cah;e;j
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kw;wth;fsplk; rhJh;akhf gHFgth;.
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vl;lag[uk; f.nfhgpfpU#:zd;/
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milahh;/ brd;id- 20
xU $hjfj;jpy; yf;dj;jpw;F 6-Mkplk;
vd;gJ neha;/ fld;/ vjphp
Mfpa \d;W tp#a';fisg; gw;wpf;TWk;. ,J
gw;wp tphpthff;
fhz:nghk;.
vjphpahy; bghUs; yhgk; milgth;-
rpyh; vjphpfs; \ykha; tHf;F bjhLj;jy;
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yhgk; milgtuhft[k;/ vjphpfisj; jd;
trg;gLj;Jgtuhft[k;
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vd;d>
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yf;dhjpgjpa[ld; rj;JU
!;jhdhjpgjpa[k; (6-f;Fhpath;)
yhg!;jhdhjpgjpa[k; (11-f;Fhpath;) To
gythd;fshf ,Uf;fg; gpwe;jth;
rj;Uf;fd; \yk; bghUs; yhgk;
milgtuha; rj;Uf;fis trPfuk; bra;J
thH;thh;.
vjphpfshy; bghUl;nrjk; mile;jth;-
rpyh; vjphpfshy; mof;fo bghUl;nrjk;
milgtuha; ,Ug;gjw;Ff;
fhuzk; vd;d>
yf;dhjpgjp rj;JU !;jhdj;jpy; (6-
Mkplj;jpy;) mku/ rj;JU
!;jhdhjpgjp jputpa!;jhdj;jpy; (2-
Mkplj;jpy;) ,Ue;jhYk;/ brt;tha;/
rdp ,UtUk; 2-Mkplj;jpw;Fk;/ 6-
Mkplj;jpw;Fk; mjpgjpfshfp
bryt[!;jhdj;jpy; (12-Mkplj;jpy;)
,Ue;jhYk; ,t;thwhd $hjf
mikg;gpy; gpwe;jth; rj;Uf;fd;
(vjphpfs;) \ykhf bghUl;nrjk;
milgtuhf ,Ug;gh;.
Ma[j';fshy; mghaKw;wth;-
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milfpd;wdh;. ,J vjdhy;>
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brt;tha; To
8-Mkplj;jpy; ,Uf;fg; gpwe;jth; vjphpfs;
\yk; Ma[j';fshy;
mt!;ijg;gLth;.
rpiwr;rhiyfspy; thH;gth;-
rpyh; mof;fo rpiwr;rhiyfspy; thrk;
bra;fpd;wdh;. ,jw;Ff; fhuzk;
ahJ>
yf;dhjpgjpa[k; tPl;L !;jhdhjpgjpa[k;
(4-f;Fhpath;) tpahHDk; To
rj;JU !;jhdj;jpy; (6-M kplj;jpy;)
gytPdh;fshf ,Uf;f/ rj;JU
!;jhdhjgjp tPl;L !;jhdj;jpy; g{uz
gythdhf ,Uf;fg; gpwe;jth;
mjpfkhfr; rpiwr;rhiyfspnyna jk;
thH;ehisf; fHpg;gh;.
bgz: tpahjpapdhy; gPof;fg;gl;lth; -
rpyh; !;jphP rk;ge;jkhd
neha;fshy; mof;fo
gPof;fg;gLfpd;wdh;. ,jw;Ff; fhuzkhd
fpuf
mikg;g[ vd;d>
rj;JU !;jhdhjpgjp (6-f;Fhpath;) gif/
ePrk; bgw;W ez:gh;fs; !;jhdk;
vDk; kpj;U !;jhdj;jpy; (4-Mkplj;jpy;)
me;j !;jhdhjpgjpa[ld;
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tPL/ g{kp Kjypa
bghUl;fis rj;Uf;fd; \yk; ,Hg;gh;.
mof;fo Jf;fg;gLgth;-
rpyh; mof;fo Jf;fj;ij mile;J mjdhy;
thijg;gLfpd;wdh;. ,J
vjdhy;>
b$d;k yf;dk; !;jpuuhrpahf (hp#gk;/
rpk;kk;/ tpUr;rpfk;/ Fk;gk;)
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(6-f;FhpatUld;)
TodhYk;/ nkw;go !;jhd';fSf;F
mjpgjpahf ,Ue;jhYk;/ nkw;go
!;jhdhjpgjp b$d;k yf;dj;jpy;
,Ue;jhYk; ,t;thwhd neuj;jpy;
gpwe;jth; mof;fo ftiyfshy;
gPof;fg;gl;lth;fshff; fhzg;;gLth;.
Kfj;jpy; neha; cilath; -
rpyh; Kfj;jpy; neha; cilatuhf/ my;yJ
Kfk; btl;Lg;gLgtuhf
(fz:/ fghyk;/ tha;/ \f;F Kjypa ,l';fspy;
Mgnu#d; bra;J
bfhs;gth;fshf) ,Ug;gjw;Ff; fhuzk; ahJ>
2-Mkplj;jjpgjp 6/ 8/ 12-y;
gytPdkile;J ,Uf;f/ rj;JU
!;jhdhjpgjpa[k; (6-f;FhpatUk;)
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2-Mkplj;jpy; ,Ue;jhYk;/ Kf!;jhdhjpgjp
(2-f;Fhpath;) rdp/ brt;
thapd; mk;rj;jpy; mkh;e;jhYk;/ rdpa[k;
2-Mkplj; jjpgjpa[k; To 6-
Mkplj;jpy; ,Ue;jhYk; ,t;thwhd neuj;jpy;
gpwe;jth; jk; Kfj;jpy;
(fz:/ fnghyk;/ tha;/ \f;F Kjyhd ,l';fspy;)
neha; cilatuhf
my;yJ nkw;Rl;oa m';f';fs;
btl;Lg;gLgtuhf Mgnu#d; bra;J
bfhs;gtuhf fhzg;gLth;.
if btl;Lg;gl;lth;-
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cilatuhf my;yJ
,itfs; btl;Lg;gLgtuhf ,Ug;gjw;Ff; fhuzk;
vd;d>
3-Mkplj;jjpgjp 6/ 8/ 12-y; gyk;
Fd;wpapUf;f/ 3-Mkplj;jpy; rj;JU
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To ,Ue;jhYk;/
3-Mkplj;jjpgjp 6-f;Fhpa tUila
mk;rj;jpnyh/ brt;thapd;
mk;rj;jpnyh mku 3 -Mkplj;jjpgjp
yf;dhjp gjpa[ld; To rj;U!;
jhdj;jpy; (6-Mkplj;jpy;) ,Ue;jhYk; ,t;tpj
neuj;jpy; gpwe;jth;
fGj;J/ g[$k;/ iffspy; neha; cilatuhf
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btl;Lg;gLgtuhf tps';Fth;.
khh;gpy; neha; cs;sth;-
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cilatuhf my;yJ
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vd;d>
4-Mkplj;jjpgjp 6/ 8/ 12-y; gytPdkhf
mkh;e;jhYk;/ my;yJ
6-Mkplj;jjpgjpa[k;/ Rf;fpuDk;/
brt;tha[k; 4-Mkplj;jpy; ,Ue;jhYk;
,t;tpj epiyikapy; gpwe;jth; khh;g[/ KJF
,itfspy; tpahjp
cilatuha; my;yJ ,e;j m';f';fs;
btl;Lg;gLgtuha; tps';Fthh;.
,Uja tpahjpapdhy; gPof;fg;gl;lth;-
rpyh; ,Uja nehapdhy; jpdKk;
ghjpf;fg;glf;Toatuha;/ ,Ujak;
gpsf;fg;gL gtuha; ,Ug;gjw;Ff; fhuzk;
vd;d>
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-Mkpl';fspy; gy
tPddhf mku/ ,Uja !;jhdj;jpy; (5-
Mkplj;jpy;) rj;JU!;
jhdhjpgjp (6-Mkplj;jjpgjp) rdp/
brt;tha;/ uhF ToapUe;jhYk;
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mk;rj;jpy; ,Ue;jhYk; ,e;j
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nehapdhy; ghjpf;fg;gLthh;.
fhjy; jpUkzkh>
fhjy; vd;gJ bjhd;Wbjhl;L te;j
epfH;t[jhd;. 18-k; E}w;whz;oy; jpU
Fw;why ehjh; gtdp tu mth; kPJ fhjy;
bfhz;l tre;jty;yp vd;gtspd; Jauj;ij/
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vLj;Jiug;gJ vd;gJ ePz;l ehisa
bra;jpjhd;.
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giftuhf ,Ue;jhy; eP';fs; fhjy; tiy
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bfhz;L jpUkzKk; bra;Jbfhs;Sk;
re;jh;g;gk; cUthfptpLk;.
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7/ 10/ 5/ 6/ 9 Mfpa tPLfspnyh ,Ue;jhy;
mg;gog;gl;l Mz;fs; nfhy';fs;/
rPhpaypy; tUk; mgp (njtahdp)apd;
fzth;nghy; ,y;yhis gzpg[hpa
mDg;gptpl;L/ Rfkhf FLk;gk; elj;jyhk;.
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bjhpt[ bra;jy; TlhJ.
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vd mike;jpUe;jhy; mth;fs; jpUkzkhd
gpd;jhd; gy khjnuhL nerk;
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fhhpak;. ,uz;L ght fpuf';fs; ,ize;J
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m!;jkile;j g[jDk; ,uhFt[k;
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mth;fsplk; rpw;wpd;g czh;t[fs; mwnt
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Rz;Ltpuy; kpft[k; jhH;e;J fhzg;gl;lhy;
fy;ahzk; gz;zpa[k; gpuk;kr@rhuk;jhd;.
,ija[k; ftdj;jpy; bfhs;s ntz;Lk;.
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mjpgh; yf;dj;jpw;F ehd;fhk; tPl;oy;
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tPl;onyna ,Uf;f tpUk;g[th;. gy ,l';fspy;
tpahghu epkpj;jk; bry;Yk; egh;fSf;F
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bjhy;iyapd;wp Ch; Rw;wyhk;.
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nrh;e;jpUe;jhy; mth;fs; m';fQPdk; cila
khjUf;F thH;tspf;fyhk;. nkYk; mth;fs;
3/ 6/ 12/ 21/ 30 khh;r@/ $^d;/ ork;gh;
khj';fspy; gpwe;J mYtyf';fspy; mJt[k;
t';fp nghd;w Jiwapy; gzpg[hpe;jhy;
fhjy; thH;t[ epk;kjpia Vw;gLj;Jk;.
fhjypapd; $hjfj;jpy; VHhk; mjpgjp
xd;gjpy; ,Ue;jhy; fhjy; \yk; gy ed;ikfs;
mLf;fLf;fhf c';fis eho tUk;.
xU Mlth; $hjfj;jpy; re;jpud; ,Uf;Fk;
tPl;ow;F ,uz;lhk; tPl;oy; bgz; $hjfj;jpy;
re;jpud; mkh;e;jpUe;jhy; brhj;Jf;fs;
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thH;e;njndh vd
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cUthFk;.
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nrh;e;jpUe;jhYk; my;yJ Rf;fpudhy;
ghh;f;fg;gl;lh Yk; my;yJ Rf;fpud;
tPLfshd hp#gj;jpnyh/ Jyhj;jpnyh
,Ue;jhYk; my;yJ yf;dhjpgjpa[k;/
Rf;fpuDk;/ re;jpundhL
nrh;e;jpUe;jhYk; me;j $hjfhpd;
cs;s';ifapy; Rf;fpunkL cr@rkhft[k;
Rz;Ltpuy; ePz;Lk; fhzg;gLk;. vdnt
mth;fs; fhjy; kd;dh;fs;. eP';fs;
fhjyh;fis bjhpt[ bra;a[k;nghJ fhjy;
jpUkzk;/ epr@rapf;Fk; jpUkzj;jpw;Fk;
xj;J tUkh> vd bjhpt[ bra;J braypy;
<Lgl;lhy; tUKd; fhf;fyhk;. fhjYf;F
fz;zpy;iy vd;whYk; ek; fz;zhy; ,jid
ghprPypf;f ntz;Lk;.
rh!;jpu behWf;F ufrpa';fs;...
vk;.V.bgUkhs;
47-gf;fPh; rhfpg; bjU/ brd;id- 5
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uhk fhtpaj;jpy; bra;jp fhzg;gLk;. me;j
VG nyhf';fs; tUkhW-
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afu nyhfk;- 2 nfho nahrid J}uj;jpy;
cs;sJ.
$d nyhfk;- 1 nfho nahrid J}uj;jpy;
cs;sJ.
jt nyhfk;- 1 nfho nahrid J}uj;jpy; cs;sJ.
Rth;f;f nyhfk;- 6 nfho nahrid J}uj;jpy;
cs;sJ.
rj;a nyhfk;- ,';Fjhd; gpuk; khtpd;
ciwtplk; cs;sJ.
itFe;j nyhfk;- ,';F kfh tp#qtpd;
ciwtplk; cs;sJ.
rptnyhfk;- ,';F rptdpd; ciwtplk; cs;sJ.
fPH; cyf';fs; -7
kfhjyk; - bghd;kakhd epwk;.
Rjyk; - gts epwkhdJ.
tpjyk; - btz;ik epwkhdJ.
epjyk; - fUik epwkhdJ.
urhjyk; - it?hpa epwkhdJ.
juhjyk;- gJkuhf epwkhdJ.
ghjhsk;-,';Fjhd; mRuh;fs; vy;nyhUk;
To j';fSila muR rhk;uh$;aj;ij
elj;Jfpd;wdh;.
Rf;fpud;-
,e;j fpufk; ahtUk; Rygkhf ghh;f;ff; Toa
fpufkhFk;. mjpfhiy Nhpa cjaj;Jf;F Kd;
cjakhfp tpo bts;sp vd;w bgaUld;
gpufhrkhf btsptUk;. ,jid
khh;dp'; !;lhh; vd;gh;. (<tpdp'; !;lhh;-
g[jd;)
Rf;fpud; ekJ clk;gpy; Rf;yk; Rnuhdpjk;
(tpe;J) vd;w bgahpy; cs;sJ.
fz; ghh;ita[k; Rf;fpudhy; gyk; bgWk;.
thfdk;/ #zk;/ fhkk;/ kd;kj gPil/ gR/
t!;jpuk;/ gy;yf;F rhkuk;/ t!;jpuh
guz';fs;/ ghpks kyh;fs;/ thrid jputpak;/
eldk;/ r';fPjk;/ fs;s el;g[/ nkf
neha;fs; ,itaht[k; ,thpd; Mjpf;fj;jpw;F
cl;gl;lJ. ,tiu tz';fpdhy; nkw;Twpa
Fiwfspy; epthuzk; bgwyhk;.
fpuf';fspd; g[j;jpuh;fs;
Nhpad; - fhyd;
re;jpud; -ghpntlk;
brt;tha; - J}kk;
g[jd; - Rj;j gpufud;
FU - akfz;ld;
Rf;fpud; - ,e;jpujD
rdp - Fspfd; (khe;jp) uhF - tpajp ghjk;
nfJ - J}knfJ.
fpuf';fs; gpujpgypf;Fk; mt!;ijfs;
jPg;j;j mt!;ij
!;t!;j mt!;ij
KUjpj mt!;ij
rhe;j mt!;ij
!;fe;j mt!;ij
gPljh mt!;ij
jPd mt!;ij
tpfy mt!;ij
fy mt!;ij
kPj mt!;ij
rdpa[k;-re;jpuDk;
rdpa[k;/ re;jpuDk; Toa[s;sth;fs;
$hjfj;jpy; mth;fs; VjhtJ xU Jiwapy;
rhjid g[hpthh;fs;.
guRuhkh;- rj;jphpah;fis ,Ugj;bjhU
jiyKiw tPH;j;jpath; guRuhkh;/ rpk;k
yf;dk; 5-y; rdp/ re;jpud;. vdnt md;idia
kha;j;jtiu jPukhf gHpth';fpath;.
mh;$%dd;-
jDR yf;dk; 10-y; rdp/ re;jpud;. mnjhL
brt;tha; ,izg;g[ vLj;j fhhpak; vy;yhk;
btw;wp.
tpntfhde;jh;-
fd;dpah yf;dk; 10-y; rdp/ re;jpud;.
gukQk;rhpd; rPlh;. rpfhf;nfhtpy;
bgaiu epiy ehl;oath;.
Knrhypdp-
tpUr@rpf yf;dk;. 7-y; rdp/ re;jpud;.
brt;thapd; fUiz bgw;wth;.
Inuhg;ghtpy; uj;j MW Xlr@bra;jth;.
th!;J gjpy;fs;*
Mh;.nf.gftjpuh$;/
1-vk;.I.$p/ gp.o. uh$d; rhiy/ nf.nf. efh;/
brd;id-78.
th!;J Kiw mjph;#lj;ij ms; spj; jUkh>
-vd;.tp.nrhkRe;juk;/ Fk;gnfhzk;.
th!;J Kiwg;go fl;ll';fis mikj;Jf; bfhz;L
thH;e;jhy; thdj;jpy; ,Ue;Jk;/
kpapypUe;Jk; g[ijay; te;J FtpahJ.
cah;t[f;F tHp fhl;Lk;. mjd;gpd; kdpjd;
mwpitg; gad;gLj;jp Kd;ndw;wk; mila
ntz;Lk;.
tPl;oy; tsh;f;Fk; ku';fs; mjph;#lj;ij
ms;spj;jUkh>
-gj;kpdp bt';fl;uhkd;/ jpUr@bre;J}h;.
tPl;oy; tlf;F/ fpHf;F cWjpahd ku';fs;
mikg;g[TlhJ. tlf;Fg; gFjp ku';fs;
bgz;fSf;F neha;/ jPagyd;fs; cUthFk;.
fpHf;Fg;gFjp ku';fs; mikg;g[ Mz;
FHe;ijfSf;F neha;/ jPa gyd;fs; cUthFk;.
bjw;Fg; gFjp ku';fs; mikg;g[ bgz;fSf;F
ed;ik. nkw;Fg;gFjp ku';fs;
mikg;g[ Mqf;F typik. bjd;
nkw;Fg;gFjpapy; ntg;gkuk;/ murkuk;/
Mykuk;/ khkuk; ,J nghd;w cWjpahd/
caukhd ku';fspd; mikg;g[ FLk;gj;jpw;F
Fybja;tk; nghd;wJ.
fhyzp/ Jilg;gk; nghd;w bghUl;fis
tPl;oy; vt;tplj;jpy; itf;f ntz;Lk;>
-tp$ayl;Rkp rPdpthrd;/ jpUepd;wt{h;.
tPl;oy; cs;sth;fs; btspapypUe;J tUk;
cwtpdh;fs;/ ez;gh;fs; mth; fsJ fhyzpfs;
tlf;F/ fpHf;F cs;s jiythapy; mike;j
tPl;ow;F tlfpHf;Fg; gFjpapy; fhyzpfs;
itj;Jf;bfhs;tJ jtW. bjw;F/ nkw;F cs;s
jiythapy; tPl;ow;F cs;ns bry;Yk;nghJ
tyJ g[wj;jpy; fhyzp fis itj;Jf;bfhs;tJ
ed;ik jUk;. vf;fhuzj;ijf; bfhz;Lk; tPl;od;
tlfpHf;Fg; gFjpapy; fhyzpfs;/ Jilg;gk;
nghd;wit itj;Jf;bfhs;Sk; Kiw jPik
jUk;. ,Jnghd;w mikg;ig/ tPl;od;
xt;bthU miwf;Fk; gpd;gw;w ntz;Lk;.
cgnahfg;gLj;Jk; Jzpfis tPl;oy; v';F
vg;go itg;gJ>
-vd;.uhkfpU#zd;/ jpUj;Jiwg;z;o.
tPl;od; gLf;if miwf;Fs;nsh/ kw;w
miwfSf;Fs;nsh fHw;wpa giHa ngz;l;/
rh;l; kw;w cilfisa[k; bjw;F/ nkw;F Rth;
Xukhf itj;Jf; bfhs;syhk;. ,J th!;J Kiwf;F
cfe;j epiy/ ed;ik jUk; tlf;F/ fpHf;F
Rthpy; Mdp moj;J cgnahfk; bra;a[k;
mikg;igj; jtph;f;ft[k;.
fpah!; rpypz;lh;fis tPl;oy; v';F itg;gJ
cfe;jJ>
-gp.fy;ahzuhkd;/ jpUbey;ntyp.
tPl;oy; fpah!; cs;s rpypz;lh;/ fhyp
rpypz;lh;fis miwapd; bjd;nkw;F gFjp
mLj;J tlnkw;F gFjpapy; itj;Jf;
bfhs;sntz;Lk;. tlfpHf;Fg; gFjp/
bjd;fpHf;Fg; gFjpapy; itj;Jf;
bfhs;sf;TlhJ.
fHpt[g;bghUs; bjhl;o mikg;g[ vg;go
miktJ ey;yJ>
-vd;.o.tp$aFkhh;/ jpUePh;kiy.
tPl;od; fHpt[g; bghUl;fisg; nghLk;
bjhl;o mikg;g[/ bjd; nkw;Fg; gFjpfspy;
mikj;Jf; bfhs;syhk;. tlfpHf;Fg; gFjp/
bjd;fpHf;Fg; gFjp/ fpHf;F kj;jpag;
gFjp/ tlf;F kj;jpag; gFjpfspy;
mikg;g[TlhJ.
tPl;od; EiHt[nfl; jpwf;Fk; nghJ
vj;jpirapy; rhh;e;jpUg;gJ ey;yJ>
-nrhk.nfhghyfpU#zd;/
jpUr@rpuhg;gs;sp.
tPl;od; EiHt[ nfl;/ EiHt[ thapy;
jpwf;Fk;nghJ ,lJ g[wRthpy;
rhh;e;jpUf;f ntz;Lk;. tlf;F nfl;/ tlf;F
jiythapy; jpwf;Fk;nghJ tyJg[w Rthpy;
rhh;e;jpUf;f ntz;Lk;. nkw;F EiHt[ nfl;/
tPl;od; jiy thapy; tPl;od; cs;ns jpwe;J
bfhz;L bry;Yk;nghJ ,lJg[wr@Rthpy;
rhh;e;jpUf;f ntz;Lk;. ,J nghd;w mikg;ig
tPl;od; cs; gFjpapy; xt;bthU miwapd;
EiHt[ thapypYk; gpd;gw;w ntz;Lk;.
,y;yj;jpy; ey;y ,y;yk;-
Fspay; kw;Wk; fHpg;giwfs;*
tp.mfpyhz;nl!;thp/
vz;.72-161 nyf; tpa{ nuhL/ nkw;F khk;gyk;/
brd;id-33.
xUth; tPL fl;Lk; nghJ Fspayiw kw;Wk;
fHpg;giwf;fhd jz;zPh; nrh;tjw;fhd
FHpfs; v';F vg;go (brg;of; nl';)
,Uf;fntz;Lk; vd; bwy;yhk; ftdpj;J gpwF
mjd;go bra;tJ ey;yJ.
bjd;fpHf;F gLf;if miwf;F
nrh;e;jhw;nghy; Fspayiw mikf;f
tpUk;gpdhy; fpHf;F my;yJ tlf;F
Rtiubahl;oa[k; thatpa miwf;F
bjw;fpYk;/ Mf;fpneaj;jpy; cs;s
gLf;ifaiwf;F nkw;F g[wj;jpYk;
Fspayiwia mikg;gJ ey;yJ.
tPL - Fspayiw ,tw;wpw;F ,ilapy; cs;s
bjhiytpidtpl Fspayiwf;Fk; fhk;gt[z;L
RtUf;Fk; ,ilapy; mjpfkhd fhyp ,lk;
,Ug;gnj ey;yjhFk;.
nkw;nf mjpfkhf ,lk; tpl;L
fl;lg;gl;oUe;jhy; (nkw;fpy; mjpf ,lk;
tplf;TlhJ) nkw;F fhk;gt[z;il tpl;L/
tPl;od; Rtiu tpl;L ,uz;L \d;wo
bjhiytpnyna mikj;Jf; bfhs;syhk;.
,g;nghJ tPl;ow;Fk; kjpw;RtUf;Fk;
,ilapy; fl;lg;gl;l ,e;j Fspa yiwapy; tPL
Fspayiwiatpl fhk;gt[z;l;
Fspayiwapd; ,lk; Fiwthfnt
,Uj;jy;ntz;Lk;. mjhtJ tPl;ow;Fk;
Fspayiwf;Fk; ,ilapy; mjpfkhfnt
,ilbtspia tpLtJ ey;yJ. ,g;go nghLk;
Fspayiwapd; Tiuia rw;W cah;j;jpna
nghlntz;Lk; my;yJ tPl;od; Tiwf;F rkkhf
nghlntz;Lk;.
tlf;F tPl;od; fpHf;Fg[wj;jpy; Fspayiwia
bjd;fpHf;Fg; gFjpapy; mikj;Jf;bfhz;lhy;
fpHf;F thrYf;F brhd;d mikg;gpd;gona
tPl; ow;Fk;/ Fspayiwf;Fk; ,ilapy;
Fiwe;j msnt fhyp ,lk; tpl ntz;Lk;.
bjw;Fg[wk; ghh;j;j tPl;od; gpd;g[wk;
mikf;Fk; Fspayiwf;F tlf;F
thatpaj;jpw;F cz;lhd nfl;ow;F js;sp
tPl;ow;Fk; Fspayiwf;Fk; ,ilapy; cs;s
J}uj;ijtpl Fspa yiwf;Fk;
kjpw;RtUf;Fk; ,ilapy; cs;s ghfk;
mjpfkhapUf;FkhW mikj;Jf;bfhs;syhk;.
nkw;Fg[w thry; cs;s tPl;od; gpd;g[wk;
Fspayiw fl;lg;gl;lhy; fpHf;F/ bjw;F
gFjpfSf;F cz;lhd Fspayiwia
fl;of;bfhs;tJ ey;yJ.
,g;gona fHpg;giw mikf;Fk; nghJk;
ftdkhfnt bray;gl ntz;Lk;. ve;j xU miwia
vLj;Jf;bfhz;lhYk; me;j miwf;F thatpag;
gFjpapnyjhd; fHpg;giw mikf;fntz;Lk;.
jtpu fpHf;F Mf;fpneak;/ tlf;F <rhd;a
gFjpfspy; xl;o fHpg;giw mikg;gJ jtwhd
brayhFk;.
Mf;fpneak; jhz;oa bjw;F Rthpy;
fHpg;gplk; mikj;Jf; bfhs;syhk;. ve;j
fhuzk; bfhz;Lk; ieUjpapy; kl;Lk;
brg;of;nl'; fl;lf;TlhJ. ieUjpapy; FHp
njhz;Ljy; vd;gJ th!;J njhw;wj;ij kpft[k;
fLikahfj;jUk;.
nkw;F mkh;e;J ,Ug;gJ nghy; ngrpid
mikj;jy;TlhJ.
brg;of;nl'; vLg;gbjd;why; eL fpHf;Fg;
gFjpapypUe;J <rhd;a \iy tiuapYk;
vLf;fyhk;.
xU tPL ve;j jpiriag; ghh;j;Jf;
bfhz;oUf;fpwnjh vjw;F vjpnu cs;s
bjUf;fs; tPl;ow;Fk;/ tPl;oy; thH;fpd;w
kf;fSf;Fk; vg;gog;gl;l gyd;fs; jUfpwJ
vd;gjid ,';F tptukhff; fhzyhk;.
fpHf;F <rhd;ak; ghh;j;j tPl;oy;
fpHf;Fg;g[wk; bjU ,Ug;gJ kpft[k;
ed;ikjUk; tPlhf ,J mike;JtpLk; vd;gjpy;
Iank ,y;iy. kidna <rhd;aj;jpy; tsh;jy;
ed;ik vdpy; bjUnth tsh;e;J bry;tJ
ed;ikiaj;jhnd jUk;.
Mf;fpneaj;jpy; cs;s fpHf;Fj; bjU ghh;j;j
tPl;oy; fpHf;Fj; bjUf;fs; miktJ jPikiaj;
jUk;.
bjw;F Mf;fpneaj;jpy; cs;s thrYf;F
bjw;F bjU ed;ikiaj; juf;ToajhFk;. ey;y
Rgkhd fhhpa';fs; elf;f tHptFf;Fk;.
bjw;F ieUjpapy; cs;s bjUthdJ kpft[k;
bfLjiyj; jUk; vd; ghh;fs;. bry;t
brHpg;g[fs; Fd;Wk;. bgz;fSf;F nfL
Kjypait cz; lhf;Fk;.
nkw;F ieUjpapy; cs;s bjUthdJ kpft[k;
Jd;gj;ijj;jUk;. nkw;F thatpaj;jpy; cs;s
nkw;Fj;bjU ePz;oUj;jy; ,y;yj; jiytDf;F
bry;tk;/ bghUs;/ tut[ cz;lhf;Fk;.
,y;yj;jpy; ey;y ,y;yk;
xU tPl;ow;F khog;gofs; mikg;gJ vg;go
vd fhz;nghk;.
tPl;ow;Fs; gofl;l epidj;jPh;fshdhy;/
ve;j fhuzj;ijf; bfhz;Lk; cs;nsnah/
btspnanah/ <rhd;aj;jpy; kl;Lk; gofs;
mikj;jy; TlhJ. bjw;F Rtiu tpl;L 1_2
moahtJ ,ilbtsptpl;L tlf; fpypUe;J bjw;F
ghh;j;J VWtJ nghy; mikj;jy; ntz;Lk;. ,J
neuoahf VWk; khog;gofSf;Fk;
bghUe;Jk;.
mg;go neuoahf ,y;yhky; tise;j gofspy;
VWk;nghJ fpHf; fpypUe;J nkw;nfh
my;yJ tlf;fpypUe;J bjw;fpw;nfh VWtJ
nghd;w mikg;ig Vw;gLj;jpf; bfhs;Sjy;
ntz;Lk;.
bjd; fpHf;F jpirapy; itf;fg;gLk;
btspg;g[w gof;F fpHf;F Rtiu tpl;L 1-2
mo js;sp tlf;fpy; Muk;gpj;J bjw;nf
jpUk;gp kPz;Lk; fpHf;nf jpUk;gp
<rhd;a thapy; ,Uf;FkhW miw mikj;J/
fpHf;F ghy;fdp mikj;J tPl;ow;Fs; bry;y
ntz;Lk;.
ieUjpapy; go mikg;gth;fs;
fpHf;Fg;goapy; Muk;gpj;J nkw;F
ghh;j;J Vwp gpwF bjw;F ghy;fdpapy;
te;J bjd;fpHf;F gFjpapy; bjw;F ghh;j;j
miwf;Fs; EiHayhk;.
nkw;F ieUjpapy; go mikg;gth;fs;
tlf;fpypUe;J bjw;F g[wk; Vwp
m';fpUe;J jpUk;gp bjw;fpypUe;J tlf;F
g[wk; kPz;Lk; jpUk;gp Vwp nkw;F
thatpaj;jpy; cs;s miwf;Fs; EiHa
ntz;Lk;.
thatpaj;jpy; tlf;fpy; khog;go mikj;jhy;
tlf;F kjpiy tpl;L js;sp fpHf;fpdpd;W
nkw;F Vwp tlf;fpy; cs;s ghy;fdp tHpna
tlf;F <rhd;a thrYf;Fs; EiHayhk;.
nkw;F/ bjw;fpy; ghy; fdp mike;J go
VWgth;fs; fz;og;ghf mjw;F
vjph;g[wkhd tlf;F/ fpHf;fpy; ghy;fdp
mikf;f ntz;Lk;. ,y;iybadpy; ieUjp/
Mf;fpneak; my;yJ thatpak; tsh;e;jjhf
MfptpLk;. bghJthf tlf;F/ fpHf;F/ nkw;F
vd Kg;g[wKk; ghy;fdpfs; miktJk;
ed;ikna jUk;.
tise;J/ tise;J ,g;go VWk; khog;goia
jtph;g;gJ ey;yJ. ,g;gog;gl;l tifapy;
tPl;od; cs;ns tise;J bry;Yk; khog;gofs;
mikg;gPh;fnsahdhy; <rhd;ak; jtph;j;J
nkw; brhd;dgo v';F ntz;LkhdhYk;
khog;go mikj;Jf; bfhs;syhk;.
jpUkzg; bghUj;j';fs;
rhjhuzkhf jpUkzg; bghUj;jk;
ghh;f;Fk;nghJ gj;J bghUj;j';fs;/ jrh
re;jpg;g[/ njh# rhk;ak; ,itfis
Muha;thh;fs;.
,ijj;jtpu ftdpf;f ntz;oa rpy
tpjpKiwfis ,e;jf; fl;Liuapy;
Muha;nthk;.
Mz; gpwe;j uhrpapypUe;J ,uz;lhk;
uhrp bgz; uhrpahf ,Ue;jhy;/ kzkf;fs;
gzf;fhuh;fshft[k;/ md;g[ cs;sk;
gilj;jth;fshft[k; ,Ug;gh;.
bgz; uhrp Mz; uhrpapypUe;J
xd;gjhtjhf ,Ue;jhy;/ mts; fztUld; kpf
md;ghf ,Ug;ghs;.
,Uth; uhrp mjpgh;fSk; ez;gh;fshf
,Ue;jhy;ƒ fztd;/ kidtp md;g[ld;
jpfH;thh;fs;.
,Uth; uhrpfSk; xnu uhrpahf ,Ue;jhy;ƒ
gphpak; mjpfkhf ,Uf;Fk;.
gpwe;j yf;dk; xUtUf;bfhUth; 3-11/ 4-
10/ 5-9/ 5-7 ,Ue;jhy;ƒ kfpH;r@rpahd
FLk;g thH;f;if mika[k;.
xUth; Rf;fpud; kw;wth; brt;thia
ghh;j;jhy;ƒ xUth; brt;tha;/ kw;wth;
Rf;fpuid ghh;j;jhy; kzthH;f;if
,dpajhf ,Uf;Fk;.
rpk;k Fk;gj;ijj; jtpu/ kw;w uhrpfs; rk
rg;jfkhf ,Ue;jhy;ƒ (1-7) Rfkhf kzthH;t[.
xt;bthUth; re;jpuida[k;/ rdpiaa[k;
ghh;j;jhy;ƒ Vkhw;wk;.
yf;dk; 6-8-y; ,Ue;jhy;ƒ euf thH;f;if.
uhrp 6-8 (##lhl;lfk;) Jd;gk;. bgz; uhrp
Mz; uhrpapypUe;J Ie;jhtjhf ,Ue;jhy;ƒ
FHe;ij gpwg;gJ mhpJ.
bgz; uhrp Mz; uhrpapypUe;J ,uz;lhtjhf
,Ue;jhy;ƒ mjpfkhf bghUs; nrjk;.
Mz; $hjfj;jpy; Rf;fpud;/ re;jpuDld;
,Ue;jhy;ƒ bgz; gzk; gilj;jtshf ,Ug;ghs;.
Mz; $hjfj;jpy; Rf;fpud;/ g[jDld;
,Ue;jhy;ƒ mHfhd goj;j kidtp.
Rf;fpud;/ FUt[ld; ,Ue;jhy;ƒ (Mzpw;F)
ey;y FHe;ijfs; gpwg; ghh;fs;.
Mz; $hjfj;jpy; Rf;fpud; ,uz;oy;
,Ue;jhy;ƒ mth; kidtp \yk;
gzf;fhuuhthh;.
Mz; $hjfj;jpy; 7-w;F mjpgd; 9-y;
,Ue;jhy;ƒ kidtpahy; epiwa brhj;J
fpilf;Fk;.
Mz; $hjfj;jpy; 7-d; mjpgjp yf;dk; my;yJ
2-y; mike;jhy;ƒ gzf;fhu kidtp.
Mz; $hjfj;jpy; 7-d; mjpgjp 10-y;
,Ue;jhy;ƒ bjhHpy; my;yJ kidtpahy; gzk;
fpilf;Fk;.
Rf;fpud;/ uhF my;yJ nfJ t[ld; ,Ue;jhy;ƒ
ey;y FLk;g thH;t[.
Mz; $hjfj;jpy; Nhpad;/ rdp a[ld;
,Ug;gJƒ nfhgpj;Jf; bfhs;Sk; kidtp.
Mz; $hjfj;jpypUe;J 9-y; Rf;fpud; my;yJ
FU bgz; $hj fj;jpypUe;jhy;ƒ kfpH;r@rp/
gzk;/ ey;y FHe;ijfs;.
rdp 2-12 my;yJ 6-8-y; ,Ue;jhy;ƒ (Mz;/
bgz; $hjf';fspy; xd;nwhL xd;W)
kfpH;r@rpaw;w kz thH;f;if.
Mz;-bgz; $hjf';fspy; brt;tha;/ Rf;fpud;
nfe;jpuj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy;ƒ kzthH;t[
,dpf;Fk;.
bgz; $hjfj;jpypUf;Fk; re;jpud;/ Mz;
$hjfj;jpypUf;Fk; Nhp aDf;F
jphpnfhzj;jpy;;ƒ (5/ my;yJ 9) ,Ug;gJ
ey;yJ.
Rf;fpud;/ re;jpuDld; nrh;e;J 1/ 4/ 7/ 10/
5/ 9-y; ,Ue;jhy;ƒ kidtp \yk; gz tut[.
Rf;fpud; Mz; $hjfj;jpy; nk#j;jpy; my;yJ
flfj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy;ƒ kzthH;t[ frf;Fk;.
re;jpud; flfj;jpypUe;jhy;ƒ kz
thH;t[ Rfk; Fiwt[.
Rf;fpud; hp#gj;jpypUe;jhy;ƒ Mzpw;F
kzthH;t[ ,dpf;Fk;.
Rf;fpud; rpk;kj;jpypUe;jhy;ƒ Mzpw;F
ey;y kidtp fpilg;ghs;.
Rf;fpud; kpJdj;jpypUe;jhy;ƒ Mzpw;F
mHfhd kidtp mikths;.
Mz; $hjfj;jpy; Rf;fpud; Jyh uhrpapy;
,Ue;jhy;;ƒ kidtpa[ld; kpft[k;
md;g[ld; ,Ug;ghh;.
Mz; $hjfj;jpy; Rf;fpud; jDrpy; ,Ue;jhy;ƒ
kidtpia tpl;L xU fzKk; gphpakhl;lhh;.
Fk;g uhrpapy; Rf;fpud; ,Uf;Fk;
$hjfUf;F ey;y kidtp mikths;. Jyhj;jpy;
ghgf;fpufk; ,Uf;Fk; Mzpw;F
nehahspahd kidtp mikths;. (Nhpad;/
uhF/ nfJ/ brt;tha;).
 th!;J gjpy;fs;
fzpg;bghwp ,ae;jpu';fis tPl;oy; v';F
itf;f ntz;Lk;>
-vk;.nf.re;jpunrfh;/ jpUj;Jiwg;g{z;o.
tPl;oy; cs; miwapy; fzpg;bghwp
,ae;jpu';fis bjw;F Rth; my;yJ nkw;F
Rth; rhh;e;j epiyapYk; bjd;nkw;F
gFjpapYk; mikj;Jf; bfhz;L
cgnahfpf;fyhk;.
tPl;od; g{i$ miwapy; ,we;jth;fspd;
glj;ij vg;go itf;f ntz;Lk;>
- yypjh nrhkRe;juk;/ jpUthd;kpa{h;.
i$ miwapy;/ FLk;gj;jpy; kiwe;jth;fspd;
cUtg;gl';fis flt[s;fspd;
jpUt[Utg;gl';fspd; jiyf;F nky; gFjpapy;
itj;J tHp glf;TlhJ. vg;bghGJk; kiwe;j
th;fspd; gl';fis jiukl;lj;jpy; itj;Jf;bfhs;s
ntz;Lk;. nkYk; flt[s;fspd; gl';fSld;
kiwe;jth;fspd; gl';fs; xd;nwhblhd;W
nrh;e;j epiy apy; ,Ug;gJ jtW.
fl;llg; gzpf;F giHa ,Uk;g[f; fk;gpfs;/
giHa ku';fs; ,tw;iwg; gad;gLj;jyhkh>
-o.nfhghyuht;/ bguk;g{h;.
tPL fl;Lk; bghGJ gzg;gw;whf;
Fiwapnyh my;yJ rpf;fdj;jpd; bghUl;nlh
tPl;ow;F giHa fk;gpfis
cgnahfg;gLj;jf;TlhJ. Vbdd;why; ,jdhy;
rpy jPa tpist[fs; Vw;gLk;. tPl;ow;F
giHa ku';fis cs; miwapy; kl;Lk;
cgnahfg;gLj;jyhk;. gpujhd jiythapy;
cWjpahd g[jpa kukhf ,Uj;jy; mtrpak;.
tPl;oy; nQhk';fs; bra;tJ ey;yjh>
-fp.fz;zd;/ muf;nfhzk;.
tPl;oy; nQhk';fs; bra;tJ ed;ik jUk;.
Mdhy; nQhk Fz;lj;jpy; nghlg;gLtJ \ypif
Fr@rpfshf ,Uf;f ntz;Lk;. ,it cly;
Mnuhf;fpaj;jpw;F ey;yJ. nkYk;
fpUkpfis mHpf;Fk;.
tPl;oy; Kfk; ghh;f;Fk; fz;zhoia vg;go
mikj;Jf; bfhs;s ntz;Lk;>
-vy;.tp.Rg;ghuht;/ brd;id-5.
tPl;oy; Kfk; ghh;f;Fk; fz;zhofis KG
cUtk; bjhpa[k; go cs;gFjp miwfspy;
bjw;F Rtnuhukhfnth/ nkw;F jiythapy;
fpHf;F/ nkw;F ghh;j;j epiyapy; mikj;Jf;
bfhs;s ntz;Lk;.
tPl;od; md;whlg; gHf;fg;bghUl;fs;
vjpy; miktJ rpwg;g[>
 -V.nf.gHdpnty;/ jpUr@rpuhg;gs;sp.
gLf;if/ fl;oy;/ gPnuh/ l;bu!;!p'; nlgps;
,Jnghd;w bghUl;fs; ey;y ku';fspy;
cUthf;fg;gl;L
gpd;g[ cgnahfpf;fyhk;.
,Uk;g[ rk;ge;jg;gl;l bghUl;fis
TLkhdtiuapy; jtph;j;jy; eyk;. rikay;
bra;a[k; rpy cgfuz';fs; kuj;jhy; ,Ug;gJ
ey;yJ. cnyhfj;jpyhd cgfuz'; fisj;
jtph;f;ft[k;. jz;zPh; Flk;/ brk;g[ my;yJ
kz; Flkhf ,Ug;gJ eyk;.
g{i$ miw tpsf;F gad;gLj;Jk; Kiw
vt;thW mikjy; ntz;Lk;>
-gp.ghy;ghz;oad;/ jpUr@bre;J}h;.
i$ miwapy; flt[s; tHp ghl;ow;F
tpsf;nfw;wp itg;gJ bjhd;W bjhl;L
gHf;fkhf cs;sJ. tpsf;fpd; Edp bjw;F
ghh;j;j Kfkhf ,Uj;jy; TlhJ. tpsf;F
Vw;Wk; vz;bza;fs; Rj;jkhditahf
,Ue;jhy; clYf;F ed;ik jUk;. tpsf;fpd;
jphpg";rhf ,Uf;f ntz;Lk;. thapdhy;
tpsf;if mizf;ff; TlhJ. Fwpg;ghf Mz;fs;
bra;jy; MfhJ.
tPl;oy; g[H';Fk; bghUl;fis ve;jg; gFjp
miwapy; itj;Jf;bfhs; tJ ed;ik jUk;>
-v!;.tPuhrhkp/ jpUts;~h;.
tPl;oy; cgnahfg;gLj;Jk; ghj;jpu';fs;
kw;Wk; bghUl;fs; mjpfkhf ,Ug;gpd;
cgnahfk; bra;a[k; mstpw;F itj;Jf;
bfhz;L kPjKs;s bghUl;fis bjd;nkw;F
miwapy; itj;Jf; bfhz;lhy; ed;ik jUk;.
btspehl:L nahfk; ahUf;F>
tp.mfpyhz;nl!;thp/
ngh!;ly; fhydp Kjy; bjU/ nkw;F
khk;gyk;/ brd;id-600 0033.
ruyf;dk; nk#k;/ flfk;/ kfuk; ,tw;wpy;
gpwe;J me;j uhrp mjpgjpfs; m';nfna
,Ue;jhy; btspehL bry;thh;fs;.
12-f;FilatDk; ru uhrpapy; ,Ue;jhy;
tYthf btspehl;L gazk; cz;L.
yf;dhjpgjp/ 12-tJ mjpgjp ,Uthpy; xUth;
ruj;jpYk; kw;bwhUth; !;juj;jpYk; ,Uf;f
fz;og;ghf btspehL nghthh;.
yf;dhjpgjp uhrpf;Fr@ brd;W kw;bwhU
ruuhrpf;F mjpgjp ghh;j;jhYk;
btspehl;Lg; gpuahzk; cz;L.
12-f;Filatd; \yj;jphp nfhzj;jpy;
,Ue;jhYk; btspehL nghthd;.
12-f;Filatd; ghgf;fpuf';fSld;
nrh;e;jpUe;jhYk;/ 12-y; ghtf;
fpuf';fs; ,Ue;jhYk; btspehl;L nahfk;
cz;L.
9/12-k; tPLfs; ru uhrpfshdhy;
btspehl;Lg; gpuahzk; cz;L.
tpUr@rpfk;/ hp#gk; ,tw;Wf;F ,e;j
mikg;g[ cz;L.
9/12-f;F cilath;fs; ru uhrpapy; ,Ue;J
me;j ru uhrpf;F cilath;fs;
nfe;jpuj;jpypUe;jhy; btspehL nghthh;.
9 kplj;ij 12-k; mjpgjp ghh;j;jhYk; 9/
12-k; mjpgjpfs; tYt[ldpUe; jhYk;
$hjfh; btspehL nghthh;.
yf;fpdhjpgjp 4-k; tPl;ljpgjp 12-y;
,Ue;jhYk; btspehL bry;thh;fs;.
9-10-f;FilatDld; 6-f;Fila td; nrh;e;jhYk;
btspehL nghthh;fs;.
ru uhrpahf mJt[k; $y uhrpapy; ,g;go
mike;jhy; epr@rakhf bry;thh;.
9-f;F mjpgjpa[k; 4-f;F mjpgjpa[k; 12-
y; ,Uf;f me;j ,lk; rukhfp $y uhrpahdhy;
nky;gog;g[f;fhf btspehL nghthh;.
12-d; bjhlh;r@rp ,jDld; g[jDk; cr@rk;
bgw;W ,Ue;jhy; gog;g[/
Muha;r@rpf;fhf btspehL nghthh;;.
9/10-f;Filatd; 6/8-f;Filatd; nrh;f;if
Vw;gl;lhy; VjhtJ Fw;wk; g[hpe;Jtpl;L
jg;gpj;J bfhs;tjw;fhf btspehL nghthh;.
9/11-f;FilatDk; nrh;e;jhy; bra;a[k;
bjhHpypy; yhgk; bgw;W jpUk;g[thh;.
Nhpad; 7-f;Filatd; 9/10 mjpgjpa[ld;
Todhy; may;ehl;L ft[d;rpyuh fnth/
mk;ghrpluhfnth rk;ge;jg;gl;L btspehL
nghthh;fs;.
9/ 10-f;Filath;fSld; Rf;fpud;/ rdp 11-f;
Filatd; rk;ge;jk; ,Ue; jhy; fiyj;Jiw fiy
rk;ge;jkhf btspehL nghthh;fs;.
9/ 10/ 11 ,th;fSld; ghtf;fpuf';fs;
rk;ge;jg;gl;lhy; fs;sj;jdkhf btsp ehL
brd;W bghUl;fis th';fp tpw;ghh;fs;.
yf;dhjpgjp tYtpHe;J MWf;F
mjpgjpa[ld; nrh;e;J 9-f;F 10-f;
Filath;fSk; nrh;e;J $yuhrpapy;
,Ue;jhy;/ btsp ehL nghthh;fs;.
nfhr@rhug;go 2-kplj;jpy; FU
ghh;j;jhYk; may;ehL bry;thh;fs;.
7-kplk; $y uhrpahfp mij FU ghh;j;jhy;
may;ehL bry;th;.
9/10-f;Filath; jrhg[j;jp fhy';fspy; nfJ
cldpUe;jhy; may;ehL nghthh;.
9-f;FilatDk; Rf;fpuDk; fye;jpUe;jhy;
jpUkzj;jpw;Fg;gpd; btspehL nghthd;.
yf;dhjpgjp 8-y; ,Ue;jhYk;/ vl;lhkplk;
ruuhrp vd;why; btspehL nghthh;.
yf;fpdhjpgjpa[k;/ 9-kplk; mjpgjpa[k;
ghpth;j;jid bgw;whYk; btspehL
bry;thh;fs;.
12-kplj;J mjpgjpianah/ 12-kplj;ijnah/
yf;fpdhjpgjp \yj;jphp nfhzj;jpypUe;njh
brhe;j tPl;oypUe;njh ghh;j;jhYk;
btspehL nghthh;fs;.
12-f;FilatDk; 9-kplj;jjpgjpa[k;
$yuhrpapy; ,Ue;jhYk; btsp ehL
nghthh;fs;.
ghitah; gUtk;
ghitah;fspd; gUt';fis ekJ bghpnahh;fs;
gy gphpt[fshff; fzf;fpl;oUf;fpd;wdh;.
Mhpa E}y;fspy; thiy/ jUzp/ gput[il/
tpUe;ij vd ehd;fhft[k;/ ekJ jkpH;
rhd;nwhh;fspd; fzf;Fg;go ngij/
bgJk;ig/ k';if/ kle;ij/ mhpit/ bjhpit/
nghpsk; bgz; vd VG gUt';fshfg;
gphpj;Jf; Twp ,Uf;fpd;whh;fs;. ,tw;Ws;
Kjy; gUtk; FHe;ij gUtkhFk;. cyf
NH;epiy VJk; mwpahj gUtk;. ,g;gUtj;ij
rpyh; Ie;J Kjy; VG taJ tiu vd;Wk;/ rpyh;
xd;gJ taJ vd;Wk; TWth;.
vJ vg;goapUg;gpDk; ,g;gUtj;ijg;
gw;wp mjpfk; Twntz;oajpy;iy.
RUf;fkhfr@ brhy;yg; nghdhy;/ fhkdJ
ifglhj br';fUk;g[/ g{j;jwpahj
g{';bfhk;g[/ nfhj;jwpahj Fyuj;jpdk;/ ,t;
tifg; bgz; FHe;ij jdJ mwpah gUtj;J kHiy
jpUe;jhJ. jpf;fpj; jpf;fpf; Fjg;g[k;
jpj;jpg;g[ bkhHpfnshL tpisaho kfpGk;
rpWkpna ngijg; bgz;zhFk;.
VG Kjy; gd;dpbuz;L taJ tiu/
g{g;g[zh;r@rpfs; kpsph;e;Jk; kpspuhjJ
nghd;w ,uz;lhtJ gUtkhd bgJk;igg;
gUtkhFk;. ,g; gUtj;jpny ,d;g bewpiag;
gw;wpr@ rhpahfj; bjhpa KoahtpoDk;/
Vnjh jd;Ds;sj;nj jd;id mwpahj Xh; ,dk;
g[hpahj ,d;gf; fpS fpSg;g[ kpsph;e;J
tUtij mwpths;. Mk;/
jd;idbahj;j gUtj;J Mlth;fnshL mof;fo
tpisahl tpUk;g[ths;. fytp ,d;dbjd
mwpah tpl;lhYk;/ jd; gUtj;J Mltr@
rpwhh;fspd; nerj;jhYk; Vnjh
jd;idawpahjJnghy; Xh; ,d;g
czh;t[ cz;lhtijf; fhz;ghs;. vdnt
,g;gUtj;ij kpf gj;jpukhfg; ghJfhf;fg;gl
ntz;oa kpf/ kpf mtrpakhFk;. ,y;iynay;
gy braw;if nfLfnshL nrh;e;J bgz;ik
vDk; bghf;fp#k; ghH;gl;Lg;
ngha;tpLk; vd;gjpy; Iakpy;iy.
,jw;fLj;j \d;wh tjhd k';ifg; gUtk;
gjp\d;W Kjy; gjpbdl;L taJ
tiuapyhFk;. ,g;gUtk; g{g;bga;jpa
gUtkhFk;. ,g;gUtj; jpy;jhd; ghitah;fs;
kjd E}ypd; Ez;ikfisr@ rpwpJ rpwpjhf
mwpfpd;whh;fs;. Fwpg;ghf
,f;fhyj;jpy;jhd; Mz;fSf;Fk;/ bgz; fSf;Fk;
fhk czh;r@rpfs; jiy J}f;Ffpd;w bjdyhk;.
,y;yw thH;tpd; ,ufrpa';fisr@ rhpahdgo
mwpe;J bfhs;fpwhh;fs;.
g{g;g[ epfH;e;jt[ld; Vw;gLk; ,d;g
czh;r@rpa[k;/ fhjy; vGr@rpa[nk kpf
nknyh';fp epw;fpd;wd.
bky;y bky;y Mz;fsplj;J Mir ntl;ifa[k;
mt;ntl;ifiaj; jLf;Fk; mr@rk;/ ehzKk;/
ngij nghy; kUs/ kUs ghh;f;Fk; ghh;it
a[k;/ kpus kpus tpHpf;Fk; klika[k;/
Mz;fisf; fz;L tpl;lhy; Jqf;bfd xJ';fp
filf;fz;zhy; kpd;btl;Ltbjd gspr@brd;W
bfhy;Yk; bfhL nehf;Ff; fhl;LjYk;/
khh;gfj;J nkyhilia ,Gj;J kiwj;jYk;/
ghh;j;jJk; ghuhjJnghy; ,ilbahy;fpg;
gugug;ghf XLjYk;/ cilia ,Gj;J
kiwg;gJnghy; Milr@ NH;r@rpfs; gy
bra;Jk;/ jdJ ed;F jpul;rpa[s;s
tdg;g[kpf;f m';f';fspd; mHifj; bjhpaf;
fhl;Lths;.
mLj;J ehd;fhtJ gUtkhd kle;ijg; gUtk;
gjpbdl;L Kjy; ,Ugj;jpbahd;W taJtiu vd
yhk;. ,g;gUtg; bgz;fs;jhd; jdJ k';ifg;
gUtj;jpy; jd; cs;sj;nj mUk;gpg; g{j;J
kyh;e;j Mirf; fdy;fs; aht[k; fha;e;J
gGf;fpd;wd. Mz;fisj; jd;ghy; kaf;fj; jf;f
bra;iffs; aht[k; ,g;gUtj;jp nyjhd; ed;F
iftug; bgw;wtsh fpd;whs;. nkYk;
,f;fhyj;jpy;jhd; bgz;fs; bghpJk;
Milahguz'; fspd; nky; igj;jpak;
bfhs;fpd;wdh;. ve;bje;j Milfis vg;go
vg;go mzpe;J bfhs;tJ/ Te;jiy vk;khjphp
rPtp tfph;e;J rp';fhhpf;f ntz;Lk; vd;W
jd;id gpwh; fz;L ka';fp nkhfpf;Fk;
tz;zk; mHFgLj;jpf; bfhs;sj;
bjhl';Ffpd;whs;. ehzj;jpd; fhuzj;jpdhy;
Mz;fspd; Kd;tu btl;fnk ,Ug;gpDk;/
tUk;goahd NH;epiy fSk; neUk;.
bghJthf ,g;gUtj;J ghitah;fspd; fz;fs; rjh
rypj;Jf; bfhz;Lk;/ Js;spf;
bfhz;oUg;gija[k; fhzyhk;. Fwpg;ghf
kw;wth;fspd; kdijf; ftUk; Kiwapy;/ Mil
Mguz';fs; mzptJk;/ bghl;oLjYk;/
g{r@NLjYk;/ g{hpj;j !;jd';fspd;
vLg;gpYk;/ bts;is nehf;fj; jpYk; nfhzpf;
FiHtpYk;/ bfhoapil nghd;w eil
mirtpYk;/ ikapLjypYk;/ g[d;
rphpg;gpYk; nghd;w ve;bje;j
ufrpa';fis Mltiu trPfhpf;f Kofpwbjd;W
ed;F mwpfpd;whs;. mjdhy;jhd; ekJ
Md;nwhh;fs; ,g;gUtj;Jg; bgz;fis
Mz;fspd; kdij bay;yhk; thhpf; bfhs;is
bfhs;Sk; tajhf th;zpj;jpUf;fpd;whh;fs;
nghYk;.
Ie;jhtJ gUtkhd mhpit gUtk;.
,Ugj;jpbahd;W Kjy; ,Ugj;ije;jhFk;.
,g;gUtj;jpny jhd; bgz;ik g{uzkhd
tsh;r@rp ailfpd;wJ. ghypa tpthfg;
gd;ikapy; rpf;fpj;jtpf;fhjh-thlhj
bgz;fspd; m';f';fs; ,g;gUtj;jpy;jhd;
fz;nlhh; kdijf; ftUk; tz;zk; nguHF
bgWfpd;wd. ,jw;F Ke;jpa ,U gUt';fshd
kle;ij/ k';if gUt';fspy; Mlth;fs; nky; Mir
bfhs;tJ vd;dnkh cz;ikbad;whYk;/
mt;thirbad;gJ cyifr@ rhpahdgo czuhJ
fhuzj;jhy; btWk; fhjYzh;r@rpahf
kl;Lnk epd;W tpLk;. Mdhy;
,g;gUtj;jpy; Mrh ghr';fspy; mogl;L
fhjy; thH;f;if Kw; wpYk; epfGk;
vdyhk;.
Mfnt ,j;jifa fhjny ,y;thH;f;iff;F
Vw;wjhFk;. Mk; ,f;fhyj;jpy; bgz;fs;
ed;F jpuz;L cUz;L tsh;e;J mJt[k; nkw;
brhy;ypa gUt tpj;ijfs; KGJk; iftug;
bgw;W ftpd; kpF fhl;rpnahL bgz;ik
epfH;tJ ,iy gUtnk ahFk;. vdnt ,g;gUtnk
,y;thH;f; iff;F Kw;wpYk; bghUj;jkhFk;.
mLj;J MwhtJ gUtkhfpa bjhpitg;
gUtk; ,Ugj;ije;J Kjy; Kg;gJ tiu vd
tiuaWj;Jf; Twyhk;. ,g;gUtj;J bgz;fs;
ed;F brHpj;J fUj;J tsh;e;j ePz;l
Te;jiya[k;/ ePzpyg; bghpa beL'; fz;fSk;
rpte;J fUj;j brt;tpjH;fSk; ed;F
bghWf;fpbaLj;j Kj;Jg;nghd;W kJukhd
thh;j;ijfSk; FiHt[k; bkd;ika[k; kpFe;j
gUj;j jd';fSk; mfd;w g[fGila vLg;ghd
ghj';fSk; cilats;.
filrpahf VHhtJ gUtkhfpa nghpsk; bgz;
Kg;gJ Kjy; ehw;gJ taJ tiua[s;s
gUtKilatshFk;. ,g;gUtj;jpnyjhd;/ bgz;ik
cr@r epiy milfpd;wJ. Mk; ,g;gUtj;J
m';f';fspd; tPW rpwpJ Fiwe;jhYk;/
FiHt[k; bkd;ika[k; Kw;Wk; mHptjpy;iy.
vdnt fhk yPiyf;F ,g;gUtk; kpfr@
rpwe;jjhFk;. mjdhy;jhd; ,g;gUtg;
bgz;fs; fhk yPiyfspy; kpft[k;
ifte;jth;fshf ,Ug;ghh;fs; vd;W
brhy;yg;gLfpd;wJ. Mdhy;
,g;gUtj;jpw;Fg;gpd;/ bgz; ,d;gj;jpw;F
Fiwa[ila tpUj;ijahff; bfhs;sg;gLth;
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kpf;f bjspt[ilatd;. rnfhju RfKilatd;.
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gjpndhuhk; ghtj;jpypUe;jhy; $hjfUf;F
ey;y g[j;jpud;/ Fzk;/ tpj;ij/ jdk;/
fPh;j;jp Kjypatw;iwj; jUthd;.
MW/ vl;L/ gd;dpbuz;Lf;Filath;fs;
gjpndhuhk; ghtj;jpy; ,Ue;jhYk;
gjpndhuhk; ghtj;ijg;ghh;j;jhYk; mtuth;
jpir g[j;jp fhy';fspy; yf;dhjpgjp
mg;gyidf; bfhLg;ghh;.
gjpndhuhk; ghthjpgjp xd;gjhk;
ghtj;jpy; ,Ue;J RgUld; ToapUe; jhYk;/
Rguhy; ghh;f;fg;gl;lhYk; jfg;gd;
brhj;ijtpl mjpf jputpaj;ij $hjfd;
milthd;.
VHiur; rdp

xUtUila b$dd $hjfj;jpy; cs;s uhrpf;F

12-y; rdp gfthd; tUk;nghJ VHiur@ rdp
bjhl';FfpwJ. (re;jpuDf;F 12/1/2)
r";rhuk; bra;a[k; fhynk (3!P 2aP)
VHiur@rdp vd;W Tw ntz;Lk;.
xUtUila b$dd $hjfj;jpy; rdp gfthd;
6/8/12-f;F mjpgjpahfp nfe;jpuj;jpnyh/
jphpnfhzj;jpnyh/ gif tPl;onyh/ ePr
tPl;onyh mikag; bgw;wpUe;jhy;
VHiur@rdp vy;iyapy;yhj; Jd;gj;ijj;
jUthh;. ,f;fhyj;jpy; jrhg[j;jp rhjfkhf
mikag; bgwhtpl;lhy; $hjfhpd;
thH;t[ vGjKoahj epiyf;F ,Hpepiyia
mila[k;.
Mdhy; rdpgfthd; b$dd fhyj;jpy;
nfe;jpu nfhzj;jpw;F mjpguhfp cr@r
Ml;rp mikag; bgw;wpUe;jhy; bfLjp
cz;lhf;Ftjpy;iy. 3/ 6-k; tPLfspy; kiwe;J
fhzg;gl;lhy; Tl mt;tsthf bfLjp cz;lhf;FtJ
,y;iy.
b$dd uhrpf;F 12-y; rdp r";rhuk;
bra;a[k; fhyj;jpy; bjhy;iyfs;
bjhl';FfpwJ. vLf;Fk; fhhpa';fspy; jil/
,y;thH;tpy; epk;kjpf; Fiwt[/ miyr@ry;
mikjpaw;w epiy/ FLk;g bgUkhw;wk;/
bjhHpypy; el;lk;/ jhk;gj;a Rfj;jpy;
Fiwt[ nghd;w mRg gyd;fs; cz;lhFk;.
rpyUf;F gpuahzj;jhy; tpgj;Jk;/ Mgj;Jk;
cz;lhfpwJ.
,d;Dk; rpyUf;F fz;fspy; fz;zPh; toa[k;
epiya[k; fz;zho mzpa ntz;oa epiya[k;
thjrk; ke;jkhd neha[k; Vw;gl;L
kUj;Jtr@ bryt[ cz;lhFk;. gj;J taJ
ghyfDf;F VHiur@ rdp bjhl';fpdhy; mJ
me;j $hjfdpd; je;ijiaj;jhd; ghjpf;Fk;.
je;ijapd; Kd;ndw;wj;jpw;F Kl;Lf;
fl;ilahf mika[k;/ khztdpd; fy;tpa[k;
btFthf ghjpf;fg;gLk;.
b$dd uhrpapy; rdp tUk;nghJ me;j 2
1_2 Mz;LfSk; nrhjidfis mjpfg;gLj;Jthh;.
,e;j rdpia cly; rdp vd;W miHg;gJ
tHf;fk;. cly; eyf;Fiwt[ cz;lhFk;.
bjhHpypy; bgUk; khWjy; ,Hg;g[
,lg;bgah;r@rp nghd;w mRgg;gyd;fs;
Vw;gLk;. kidtpf;F
cly;eyf;Fiwt[ kUj;Jtr@
bryt[ nknyh';Fk;.
rnfhjuh;fSld; fUj;J ntWghL/ nghuhl;lk;
epiwe;j thH;t[ nghd;wtw;iw bfhLj;J
nrhjidnky; nrhjid cz;lhf;Fk;.
cwtpdh;fs; gifik ghuhl;Lthh;fs;.
brhj;J ,Hg;g[ cz;lhFk;. rpiwthrk;/
ePjpkd;wk; Mfpa ,l';fSf;F bry;yf;Toa
tpUk;gj;jfhj epfH;r@rpfs; eil bgWk;.
jrhg[j;jp rhjfkhf mikag; bgw;why; bfL
gyd;fs; rw;W Fiwe;J kdmikjp jUk;.
b$d;k uhrpf;F 2-y; rdp tUk;nghJ
nrhjidfs; Fiwa[k;. Mdhy; Jd;g';fSf;F
Kw;Wg;g[s;sp itj;jjhf Tw KoahJ.
mwpitf; bfLg;ghh;. mjph;#l thH;t[ thH
jil cz;L gz;qthh;. bgw; nwhh;f;F gPil
cz;L gz;qthh;. Fwpg;ghf fh;kk;
bra;a[k; nahfj;ij cz;L gz;qthh;.
FLk;gj;jpy; fUj;J ntW ghl;il njhw;W
tpg;ghh;. nfhs;rhu hPjpahf b$d;k
uhrpf;F 2-y; rdp mikag; bgw;W 200
ehl;fs; fle;j gpd;g[ bjhy;iyfs; Fiwa[k;.
tUtha;f;F Kd;ndw;w mwpFwp
fhzg;gLk;. FLk;gj;jpy; rpf;fy; Fiwa[k;
epiy cUthFk;. ey;yth;fSld;
el;g[ Vw;gLk;. mjdhy; eykpf;f
thH;t[ mika[k;. tHf;fpy; btw;wp
cz;lhFk;. thfd nahfk; fpl;Lk;.
xUtUila b$dd $hjfj;jpy; brt;tha[k;
rdpa[k; nrh;f;if bgw; whnyh rdp
brt;thiag; ghh;j;jhnyh VHiur@rdp
nghuhl;lk; bfhLf;Fk;. rz;ilr@
rr@rut[ gpuahzj;jpy; tpgj;J nghd;w
gyd;fs; cz;lhFk;.
mJkl;Lky;y b$dd fhyj;jpy; rdp
re;jpuDf;F 12/1/2-y; mikag; bgw;W
,Ue;jhy; nfhs; rhu hPjpahf VHiur@ rdp
eilbgWk;nghJ $hjfhpd; thH;t[ fLk;
nrhjidf;F cl;gLk;.
rdpgfthd; Myaj;jpw;F brd;W xt;bthU
rdpf;fpHikapYk; ePyr@r';F/ ePyr@
brk;gUj;jp/ ePyj;jhkiu Mfpa
g[#g';fshy; rdpia my';fhpj;J b$d;k
el;rj;jpuj;jpw;F mh;r@rid bra;ayhk;.
rdpf;fpHik vz;bza; !;ehdk; bra;ayhk;.
ePyf;fy; nkhjpuk; mzpa yhk;. fhuhk;
gRit (fhk;g[ fUj;j) fWg;g[ epwKs;s gRit
jhdk; bfhLg;gJ VHiur@ rdpf;F
ghpfhuk;.
VHhkplKk; jpUkz thH;;f;ifa[k;...
vk;.nrfud;/
3/Rg;gpukzpa nfhtpy; bjU/ MWKfndhp -628
202.
xt;bthU $hjfUila ,uz;lhtJ thH;f;ifahd
jpUkz thH;f;ifia eph;zapg; gjpy; Kf;fpa
g';F tfpg;gJ VHhkplkhFk;.
,e;j VHhk; ,lKk; VHhk; ,l mjpgjpiaa[k;
VHhk; ,lj;jpid ghh;f;Fk; fpufj;ij
bghUj;nj me;j $hjfUf;F kidtpahdts;
mikths;.
VHhk; ,lk; rpwg;ghf mike;jhy; jpUkz
thH;f;if rpwg;ghf mika[k;. rpwg;ghd
kidtp $hjfUf;F mikthh;fs;.
VHhk; ,lk; rpwg;ghf ,y;yhtpl;lhy;
jpUkz thH;t[ me;j $hjfUf;F rpwg;ghf
mikahJ.
VHhk; uhrpapy; Rf;fpud; ,Ue;J
Rgf;fpuf';fs; nrh;e;J ghtf;fpuf';fs;
VHhk; tPl;il ghh;f;fhky; ,Ue;jhy; me;j
$hjfUf;F ey;y rpwg;ghd
kidtpahdts; mikths;.
b$dd uhrp mjpgjpa[k; VHhk; uhrp
mjpgjpa[k; nrh;e;J yf;dj;jpw;F 6-8-12
Mfpa !;jhd';fspy; ,Ue;jhy; me;j
$hjfUf;F rpwg;ghd kidtp ahdts;
mikahky; jpUkz thH;f;ifapy; gytpjkhd
gpur@rpidfs; Vw;gl;L jpUkz thH;f;if
rpwg;ghf mikahJ.
VHhk; uhrpapy; fsj;jpu fhufd; vd;Dk;
Rf;fpuDk; brt;tha[k; nrh;e;J ,Ue;jhy;
me;j $hjfh; tpjit bgz;fis jpUkzk; bra;J
bfhs;thh;.
VHhk; uhrpapy; rdp my;yJ Rf;fpud;/
brt;tha; ,Ue;J me;j VHhk; tPl;oid
ghtf;fpuf';fs; ghh;j;jhy; me;j $hjfh;
rz;il nghLfpw xU bgz;iz jpUkzk;
bra;thh;.
VHhk; tPl;od; mjpgjp yf;dj;jpw;F
yhg!;jhdk; vd;Dk; 11-k; tPl;oy;
,Ue;jhy; gytpjkhd yhg';fis juf;Toa
kidtp mikths;.
mjpnahfk;*
gz;ol; $pahh;tp/
ghujp efh;/ tPughz;o (m";ry;) jpUg;h;-5.
n$hjplf; fiyapy; mnef nahf';fs; cz;L.
nahfk; vd;gJ bghJthf xt;bthUthpd;
ey;y xGf;f ,ay;g[fisa[ilaJ vdyhk;. ,e;j
ey;y xGf;fk; mtatpfspd; $hjfj;jpy; cs;s
fpuf mikg;g[fisg; bghWj;jnj. me;j
mikg;gpd; mog;giliag; bghUj;nj ekJ
gz;ila fhy gHk;bgWk; n$hjpl ty;Yeh;fs;
Rghjp nahfk;/ ghthjp nahfk;/
mjpnahfk; vd;W bgahpl;Ls;sdh;.
nkYk; gy nahf';fspd; tpisthf
kdpjh;fspd; thH;tpy; ViH-gzf;fhud;
vd;w ,U JUt';fshff;
fhl;rpaspf;fpd;wdh;. Mk; Foirapy;
thH;gtd;Tl nfhg[unkwp/ FngudhtJk;
khl khspifapy; kyh; g";rizapy; g[uSk;
kdpjid fhyk; eLj;bjUt[f;Ff; bfhz;L te;J
tpLtJ fz;TL. mjdhy;/ Rghjp nahfk;/
ghthjp nahfk;/ mjpnahfk; nghd;w nahf
fhy';fspy; kdpj thH;tpy; ViH/ gzf;fhud;
vd;w ,U JU t';fisa[k; Ml;Ltpf;Fk;
Mz;ltdha; jpfH;fpd;wd. vdnt ,J tpguj;ij
Muha;e;J ghh;g;gJ mtrpae;jhnd>
bghJthf kw;w bghpa uh$nahf';fisg;
nghd;W mjpnahfj;jpw;F fpuf';fs; Ml;rp
cr@rnkh bgw;wpUf;f ntz;oajpy;iy.
xUtUila $hj fj;jpy; re;jpud; epd;w
uhrpf;F MW/ VG/ vl;lhkpl';fspy;
fpuf';fs; ,Uf;f ntz;Lbkd;gnj. ,ij xU
rpyh; yf;dj;jpw;F MW/ VG/ vl;oy;
fpuf';fs; ,Ue;jhYk; mjpnahfnk vd;W
TWfpwhh;fs;. Mdhy; ,J yf;d mjpnahfk;
vd;W cs;snj jtpu fhhpahk;rj;jpy; mJ
mt;tst[ gyd;fs; cs;sjhfj; njhd;wtpy;iy.
nkYk; mDgt hPjpahfg; ghh;f;Fk;nghJk;
mJ xj;Jtutpy;iy.
Mfnt re;jpud; epd;w uhrp
mjpnahfj;jpw;F eilKiwapy; rl;bld;W
gydspf;fpwJ. vdnt re;jpud; epd;w
uhrpf;F/ MW/ VG/ vl;lhkpl';fspy; FU/
Rf;fpud;/ g[jd; Mfpa Rgfpuf';fs;
tPw;wpUe;jhy; Rg mjpnahfk; vd;Wk;/
Nhpad;/ brt;tha;/ rdp/ uhF-nfJ Mfpa
ghtf;fpuf';fs; ,Ue;jhy; ghthjp nahfk;
vd;Wk; brhy;tJz;L.
ghthjp nahf fhy';fspy; $hjfd; ght
fhhpa';fshy; bry;tj;ij mil tJk; bfh?
uj;jd;ikahy; nfhkhd; Mft[k;/ FWf;F
tHpiaf; filgpof;f cfe;jtuhfj; jpfH;tija[k;
fhzyhk;. vd;whYk; ,Jt[k; nahfk;jhnd>
Mdhy; Rghjp nahfk; vd;W
brhy;yg;gLk; clyhjpgjpahfpa re;jpud;
epd;w uhrpf;F MW/ VG/ vl;oy;
Rgf;fpuf';fshfpa/ Rf;fpud;/ g[jd;/ FU
epd;W tpL';fhy';fspy; $hjfj;jhh; xU
bgUj;j nahfj;ij miltJ cWjp. mjpYk;
xUthpd; $hjfj;jpy;/ jdR uhrpapy;
re;jpud; epd;W/ Rf;fpud; hp#gj;jpYk;/
g[jd; kpJdj;jpYk;/ FU flfj;jpYk;
epw;fg;bgw;W tpoy; ntW gyd;fs;
vg;go ,Ue;jnghjpYk; epr@rakha; ,J jrh
g[j;jp fhy';fspy; mth; nfhkhdhft[k;/
Fngudhft[k; jpfH;thh; vd;gjpy;
re;njfnk ,y;iy.
nkYk; ,e;j nahfk; Muk;gpf;Fk; fhyj;ij
Muha;e;J ghh;j;jhy;/ xt; bthU
uhrpf;Fk;/ yf;dj;jpw;Fk; rj;JU/ kpj;JU
nahfthd; vd;w fpuf';fs; cz;L. mjd;go
$hjfDila yf;d nahff;fhufd; uhrp
nahff;fhuh;fs; tYthd fhy';fspy;
elg;g[ jprh ehjh; gykhfp/ jpirf;fhufd;
ntjfd;/ nghjfd;/ gyk; bgw;W/ MW/ VG
vl;Lf;Fila fpuf';fs; el;g[ uhrp gyk;
bgw;W re;jpuh ml;rhkj;jpy; tUk;
fhyj;jpy;;jhd; ,e;j nahfnk mof;f
Muk;gpf;Fk;.
,e;j mjpnahfg; gyd;fspdhy; jpOh;
mjph;#lk;/ fld; eP';Fjy;/ rj;JUf;fsplk;
btw;wp bgWjy;/ kidtp tHpapy; bry;tk;/
bry;thf;F miljy;/ g{h;th';f gypjk;
miljy;/ g[fH; g{hpg;g[ mstw;w
rd;khdj;ija[k;/ kuzj;ij btd;wplj;jf;f
gyj;jpwida[k; vtiua[k; btd;W thif
Nlf;Toa tsj;ija[k; je;J Vw;wkpf;f thH;it
juf;Toabjdyhk;.
Mfnt ,j;jifa mjpnahfk; mikg;g[fs;
bgw;W jd; thH;tpy; jpOh; xspiaf; fhqk;
$hjfh;fs; j';fs; nrhfj;jpd; jd;ikfis rhptu
mwpe;J fpuf gyk; bfhz;L bray;gLthh;
fshdhy; mJ rpwg;ghf mika[k; vd;gjpy;
Iakpy;iy.
g[jDld; nrUk; fpuf gyd;fs;
KUF ghyKUfd; BCOM., BL., E-1 Kjy; jsk;/
b$kpdp ghh;rd; fkh;rpay; fhk;g;sf;!;/ 1/ nfhlk;ghf;fk;
beL";rhiy/brd;id-6.

etf;fpuf';fspd; mUshy; ,k; kz;qyfpy;

thGk; ekf;F rKjhaj;jpy; rpwe;J tps';f
mwpthw;wy; kpft[k; Kf;fpakhdJ.
kdpjid Mwwpt[ bgw;wtd; vd;W
TWthh;fs;. mjw;F cjhuzkhf tps';Ftjw;F
mwpt[j;jpwd; kpft[k; Kf;fpakhdJ.
etf;fpuf';fspy; g[jd; gfthd;
mwpt[f;fhufd; Mthh;. g[jd; gyk;
bgw;wth;fs; rKjhaj;jpy; rpwe;J
tps';FtnjhL gy;ntW cah; gjtpfisa[k;
tfpf;fpwhh;fs;. bry;tj;Js; bry;tk;
fy;tpr@ bry;tkhFk;. me;jf; fy;tpr@
bry;tk; bgw fhufdhf g[jd;gfthd;
tps';Ffpwhh;. g[jd;gyk; bgw;wth;fs;
fy;tpapy; rhjid gy bra;fpwhh;fs;.
etf;fpuf';fspy; g[jd;gfthd; Rgfpuf
nrh;f;if bgw;W ,Ue;jhy; Rgjd;ik bgw;W
Rguhft[k;/ mRg fpuf nrh;f;if bgw;W
,Ue;jhy; mRg jd;ik bgw;W mRguhft[k;
gyd; mspf;fpwhh;. g[jd; nfhl;rhu
hPjpahf xU uhrpapy; xUkhjk; tpfpjk;
r";rhuk; bra;thh;. g[jd; r";rhuk;
Nhpaid xl;ona ,Uf;Fk;. bghJthf $hjf
fl;lj;jpy; g[jd; NhpaDf;F mUfpy;
r";rhpj;jhYk; NhpaDf;F kpf mUfpy;
mjhtJ xU ofphpf;Fs; r";rhpg;gJ m!;j';f
njh#j;ij Vw;gLj;Jk; mikg;ghFk;. g[jd;
gfthd; kpJdj;jpy; Ml;rpa[k; fd;dpapy;
Ml;rp cr@rKk; bgWfpwhh;. bghJthf
g[jd; gyk; bgw;W $dd fhyj;jpy; mikag;
bgw;wth;fs; ey;y mwpt[j;jpwd;
bfhz;lth;fshf ,Ug;ghh;fs;. g[jdpd;
Mjpf;fj;jpy; gpwe;jth; fs; ePz;l KfKk;
MH;e;j bew;wpa[k;/ bkype;j bkd;ikahd
cjLfSk;/ gGg;g[ epwf;fz;fSk;/
bkd;ikahd kdKk;/ kw;wth;fis
g[hpe;Jbfhs;Sk; jpwd; bfhz;lth;fshft[k;
jpfH;thh;fs;.
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jphpnfhzj;jpy; mikag;bgw;why; ey;y
mwpthw;wy; kw;Wk; jilapy;yhj fy;tp
bry;tj;ij milthh;fs;. g[jd;/ Nhpad;
nrh;f;if bgw;W nfe;jpu jphpnfhzj;jpy;
mikag;bgw;why; ey;y mwpthw;wy;
kpf;ftuhf ,Ug;ghh;fs;. g[jd;/ Nhpad;
nrh;f;ifapy; Rgfpuf ghh;it ,Ue;jhy;
kpft[k; mw;g[jkhd gyd; cz;lhFk;.
g[jd;gyk; bgw;W FUghh;it bgw;why;
me;j $hjfh; fUiz cs;sk; bfhz;l tuhft[k;
kw;wth;fsplk; ghrk; kpFe;jtuhft[k;
ePjpf;Fk;/ neh;ikf;Fk; fl;Lg;gl;l
tuhft[k; rpwe;j kdJld; kw;wth;fsplk;
gHFgtuhft[k; ,Ug;ghh; fs;. ,Jnt g[jd;/
FU nrh;f;ifa[ld; ghtpfs; nrh;f;if
kw;Wk; ghh;it Vw;gl;L g[jd;/ FU
ePr !;jhdj;jpy; mikag; bgw;why;
gzg;gpur@rpid bfhz;ltuhft[k;/
jPh;khd';fis jtwhf vLg;gtuhft[k;
thH;ehspy; bjhlh;r@rpahf gy;ntW
nrhjidfis vjph;bfhs;gtuhft[k; ,Ug;
ghh;fs;. mJkl;Lkpy;yhky; jiyapy; ,uj;j
Xl;lk; ghjpf;Fk; mikg;g[/ \isapy; fl;o/
mof;fo jiy typ Vw;gLk; mikg;g[k;
cz;lhFk;.
g[jd;/ rdp nrh;f;if bgw;W Rgfpuf
nrh;f;ifa[ld; Ml;rp cr@rk; bgw;nwh
nfe;jpu jphpnfhzj;jpnyh ,Ue;jhy;
Th;ikahd mwpt[il atuhft[k; MH;e;j
rpe;jid bfhz;ltuhft[k; ey;y bghJ
mwpt[ kpf;ftuhft[k; kw;wth;fis
kjpf;Fk; gz;g[ bfhz;ltuhft[k; vjpYk;
vr@rhpf;ifahf bray;gLk; jpwd;
bfhz;ltuhft[k; ,Ug;ghh;fs;.
rdp/ g[jd; ,ize;J 6/ 8/ 12-y; ghtpfs;
nrh;f;ifa[ld; ,Ue;jhy; jiytyp/ fz;g[iu
tsh;jy;/ jiyapy; $ynjh#k;/ \f;fpy; ePh;
xGFjy;/ jiy typahy; nrhh;t[/ J}f;fkpd;ik/
typg;g[k; Vw;gLk;.
g[jd;/ brt;tha; nrh;f;if bgw;W
nfe;jpujphp nfhz!;jhdj;jpy; mikag;
bgw;whYk;/ Ml;rp cr@rk; bgw;whYk;
$hjfh; vjpYk; ntfkhft[k; yl;rpaj;Jld;
bray;gLk; jpwd; bfhz;ltuhft[k;
,Ug;ghh;fs;. g[jd;/ brt;tha; nrh;f;if 4-
k; tPl;onyh 4-k; mjpgjpa[lndh mikag;
bgw;why; bghwpahsuhfnth/
kUj;Jtuhfnth jpfH;thh;fs;. g[jd;/
brt;tha; nrh;f;if ey;y eph;thf jpwid
Vw;gLj;jp cah; gjtpfis milar@ bra;a[k;
g[jd;/ brt;tha; gyk; ,He;J 6/ 8/ 12-y;
,ize;J mRgfpufg; ghh;it bgw;nwh
nrh;f;if bgw;nwh ,Ue;jhy; Kd;nfhgk;
bfhz;ltuhft[k;/ tPzhf czh;r@rptrg;gLk;
g[wk;ghd ghijapy; bry;gtuhft[k;/
jtwhd bray;fspy; <LgLgtuhf t[k;
,Ug;ghh;fs;. g[jd;/ brt;tha; 6/ 8/ 12-
y; ,ize;J ,Ue;jhy; Xa;tpy;yhj epiy
knyhpah $%uk;/ fLikahd jiytyp
vhpr@ry; cz;lhFk;. bghJthf g[jd;
gyk; ,He;J ghtpfs; nrh;f;if bgw;W
,Ue;jhy; \isapy; nfhshW euk;g[ kz;lyk;
ghjpf;Fk; mikg;g[ cz;lhFk;. bghJ thf
g[jd; gyk; ,He;jth;fs; ve;j xU bray;
bra;tJ vd;whYk; xUKiwf;F gyKiw
nahrpj;J bray;gl ntz;Lk;.
jpUkzg; bghUj;jk;

,g;g{t[yfpy; gpwe;j Mqf;Fk;

bgz;qf;Fk; jpUkzk; epr@rapf;
fg;gLk;nghJ mth; fsJ b$dd fhy
gj;jphpif mog;gilapYk; b$dd el;rj;jpu
mog;gil apYk; jpUkzg; bghUj;jk;
ghh;f;fg;gLfpwJ. jpUkzk; vd;gJ Mapuk;
fhyj;Jg;gaph;.
$hjfk; ghh;f;f tUk;nghJ el;rj;jpug;
bghUj;jk; gj;Jk; ,Ue;jhy; nghJk; vd;w
mog;gilapy; jpUkzk; bra;fpwhh;fs;. gy
yl;rk; bryt[ bra;J jpUkzk; bra;J Kof;Fk;
tPl;od; bghpath;fs;/ n$hjplhplk; te;J
1kzp neuk; fhj;jpuhkYk; tpsf;fk;
nfl;fhkYk; jrtpj bghUj;jk; ,Ue;jhy;
kl;Lk; nghJk; vd;w bfhs;ifia fil
gpof;fpwhh;fs;. ,jdhy; ghjpf;fg;gLtJ
jk;gjpfs; jhd;.
Kjypy; Mz;/ bgz; ,UghyUf;Fk; jpUkzk;
bghUj;jk; Ma;t[ bra;a[k; nghJ ,UtUila
$hjfKk; xnu g";rh';fj;jpy; fzpf;
fg;gl;ljh/ ,y;iy ntW g";rh';fkh vd;gij
n$hjpl M!;jhd ty;Ydh;fs; ftdpf;f
ntz;Lk;.
Kjypy; $hjf mog;gilapy; ,UghyUf;Fk;
brt;tha;njh#k;/ fsj;jpu njh#k;/ uhF/ nfJ
njh#k; 2/ 3/ 4/ 6/ 7/ 8/ 12 ,e;j ,l';fspy;
ghtfpuf';fs; cs;sjh vd;gija[k;/ ,th;fSila
jpir jpUkzk; bra;a[k;nghJ eilKiwapy;
cs;sjh vd;gija[k; ftdpf;f ntz;Lk;.
,UghyUf;Fk; jprh re;jpg;g[ cs;sjh/ ,J
yf;dj;jpw;F Rguh/ ghguh vd;gija[k;
bjhpe;J bfhs;s ntz;Lk;.
fsj;jpu !;jhdhjpgjpahd Rf;fpud; ey;y
,l';fspy; cs;shuh> 7-k; ghthjpgjp
mtUila ghtj;Jf;F kiwt[ ,l';fspy; cs;shuh
Rgfpuf';fs;/ FU/ g[jd;/ Rf;fpud;
,th;fSf;F rhjfkhf cs;shuh> Ma[s;fhufd;
rdpgfthd; ey;y ,l';fspy; cs;shuh>
$hjfj;jpy; 7/ 8 Kjypa !;jhdk; tYthf
cs;sjh> khufhjpgjp fpuf';fs; kw;bwhU
khuf!;jhdj;jpy; cs;sdth> vd;gij vy;yhk;
bjhpe;J bfhz;L mjw;F gpwF
jrtpjbghUj;jk; ghh;g;gJ kpf mtrpak;.
bghUj;j';fspy; kh';fy;a bghUj;jk; vd;W
brhy;yg;gLfpd;w u$;$% bghUj;jk; kpf
kpf mtrpak;.
9 tpjkhd bghUj;jk; ,Ue;J u$;$%
bghUj;jk; mikatpy;iy vd;why; jpUkzk;
jilgLfpwJ.
mr@rkaj;jpy; n$hjpl ty;Ydh;fs; jd;Dila
Ez;zwpit gad;gLj;jp ,UghyUf;Fk; cs;s
u$;$% mnuhfd u$;$%thf cs;sjh> vd
gphpj;J ghh;j;J ey;yjh/ bfl;ljh vd;W
gyd; brhy;y ntz;Lk;.
Vf nuif u$;$%fs; xd;W Mnuhfzk;/
kw;bwhd;W mtnuh fzj;jpy; ,Ue;jhYk;
tpthfk; bra;ayhk;.
jpUkiyapd; rpwg;g[fs;*
j.rj;jpaehuhazd;/ mad;g[uk;.

fUlhj;jphp (fpnujha[fk;)
Kd;bdhU fhyj;jpy; kfhg; gpusak;
Vw;gl;L cyfk; KGtJk; flYf;foapy;
\H;fptpl;lJ. ,g;nyhfk; flYf;foapy;
\H;fpat[ld; ghjhs nyhf muf;fd;
,uz;ahl;rDf;F kfpH;r@rp Vw;gl;lJ.
nyhfk; kWgoa[k; njhd;w Koahjgo jil
bra;jhd;. mg;nghJ gfthd; kfhtp#qtuhf
cUf;bfhz;L ,uz;ahl;rDld; nghh; g[hpe;J
cyfj;ij kPl;Lf; bfhz;Lte;jhh;.
kWgoa[k; kpf;F Mgj;J Vw;glhky; ,Uf;f
nyhfj;jpy; j';fp apUe;J fhf;f epidj;jhh;.
gf;jh;fSf;F mUs;g[hpa Xhplj;jpy;
tPw;wpUf;fj; jpUt[sk; bfhz;lhh; fhf;Fk;
flt[shd jpUkhy;. clnd fUlid miHj;J
itFz;lk; brd;W m';fpUe;J mHFkpf;f
kiyia vLj;J te;J nyh fj;jpy; mikf;Fk;go
Twpdhh;.
fUlhH;thUk; itFz;lk; brd;W ght';fisg;
nghf;fty;y g[z;zpa jPh;j;j';fs; bfhz;l
kiyia bfhz;L te;jhh;. gfthd; kfhtp#q
mg; g[z;zpa kiyapy; yl;Rkpnjtpa[ld;
vGe;jUsp cyf kf;fSf;F mUs; ghtpj;jhh;.
fUldhy; bfhz;Ltug;gl;l kiy vd;gjhy;
fpnujha[fj;jpy; jpUkiy fUlhj;jphp
vd;wbgah; bgw;W tps';fpaJ.
tpUl ghj;jphp( jpnujha[fk;)
tpUlghRud; vd;gtd; jpUkiyapy;; gfthd;
jpUkhiy vz;zp fLk; jtk; g[hpe;J te;jhd;.
jpdKk; jd; jiyia btl;o xU kyUld; itj;J ir
bra;J te;jhd;. gfthDk; ehs;njhWk;
mWgl;l jiyia xl;litj;J mUs; g[hpe;J
te;jhh;. filrpapy; xUehs; gfthd; mtd;
Kd;g[njhd;wp jpdKk; ,g;go jiyia btl;o
ir bra;fpwhna> cdf;F vd;d tuk; ntz;Lk;
vd;W nfl;lhh;.
gfthnd vdf;F rkkhf nghh; typika[ld;
cs;sth;fs; ahUk; ,y;yhjjhy; vd;Dila
njhs;fs; jpdbtLj;Jg; nghapUf;fpd;wd.
mj dhy; jh';fs; vd;Dld; nghh;
g[hpantz;Lk; vd;W tuk; nfl;lhd;. gf;j
Dila nfhhpf;ifia Vw;W gfthd; nghh;
g[hpa rk;kjpj;jhh;. mjd;go gfthd;
jpUkhYf;Fk;/ tpUl ghNuDf;Fk; nghh;
eilbgw;wJ.
me;jg;nghhpy; gfthd; jdJ rf;uha[jj;ijf;
ifapbyLj;jhh;. rf;uh a[jj;ijf; fz;lJk;
m";rp eL';fpa tpUlghNud; jd;Dila
me;jpkf; fhyk; Koe;Jtplg; nghtij
czh;e;jhd;.
gfthdplk; jd; ngh; tps';Fk; goahf
,j;jpUkiyj;jyj;ij vd; nguhy; miHf;fg;gl
mUs;g[hpantz;Lk; vd;W
ntz;of;bfhz;lhd;. gfthDk; mt;thnw
mUs;g[hpe;jhh;. ,J epfH;e;jJ
jpnujha[fj;jpy; mt; tkak; jpUkiy
tpUlghj;jphp vd;w rpwg;g[ bgauhy;
tps';fp te;jJ.
m";rdhj;jphp (Jthgua[fk;)
Jthgua[fj;jpy; jpUkiy m";rdhj;jphp
vd;w bgaUld; tps';fpaJ.
Kd;bdhU fhyj;jpy; nfrhp vd;w muf;fd;
rptbgUkhid epidj;J beL';fhykhf fLk;
jtk; g[hpe;jhd;. mt;tuf;fdpd; fLk;
jtj;jpw;F ,u';fpa <!;tud; vd;d tuk;
ntz;;Lk; nfs; vd muf;fdplk; nfl;lhh;.
bgUkhnd muf;fh; Fyk; njth;fshy;
monahL mHpe;JtpLnkh vd;W
Iag;gLfpd;nwd;. mjdhy; mHpt[ vd;gJ
vf;fhyj;jpYk; ,y;yhj xU ike;jid vdf;F
mspf;Fk;go ntz;L fpnwd; vd;whd;.
gf;jnd cd; jtj;ij bkr@rpndd; cdf;Fg;
gpwf;Fk; bgz;zpd; thap yhf cd;
tpUg;gk; epiwntWk;. cdJ bgz;
tapw;Wg; ngud; vd;Wk; rhfh tuk;
bgw;wtdha;j;jpfH;thd; vd;W Twp
mUs;g[hpe;jhuhk; rptbgUkhd;. mjd;go
mtDf;F m";rid vd;w bgz; FHe;ij
gpwe;jJ. gpd; mJ tsh;e;J kzkhfp
M";rneah; vd;w FHe;ijia bgw;wJ.
jtkpUe;J M";rneaiu bgw;w ,lkhjyhy;/
jpUkiyf;F Jthgua[fj;jpy; m";rdhj;jphp
vd;w rpwg;g[g; bgah; Vw;gl;lJ.
ahh; \yk; bry;tk; tUk;>
KUF ghyKUfd;/ Y.jp$./Y.sp./
gp$1/ nfhlk;ghf;fk; bkapd; nuhL/ tlgHdp/
brd;id-600 006.
bghJthf b$dd $hjfj;jpy; Rgfpuf';fs;
tYg;bgw;W ey;y epiy mike;J ght
fpuf';fs; tYg;bgwhky; ,Ue;jhy;
,aw;ifahf thH;tpy; cd;dj nkd;ikahd
epiyia mila KofpwJ. b$dd yf;dj;jpw;F
nfe;jpu !;jhdkhd 1/4/7/10-f;F
mjpgjpfs; tYg;bgw;W ,Ue;jhy; ey;y
trjpahf bry;tf; FLk;gj;jpy; gpwe;J ey;y
Rfnghf thH;it thGk; NH;epiy cz;lhfpwJ.
fpuf';fspd; Rg fpufkhd FU Rf;fpud;/
g[jd; $hjfj;jpy; gyk; bgw;W tpl;lhy;
kw;wth;fs; kjpf;Fk; gz;g[k; cah;e;j ,lj;J
gHf;f tHf;fKk; ePjp/ neh;ik vd thH;tpy;
gog;goahf Kd;ndWk; NH;epiy cz;lhFk;.
xUth; vt;tifapy; bry;tk;/ bry;thf;F
milthh; vd;W ghh;j;jhy; Kjypy; b$dd
yf;dj;jpw;F jd!;jhdhjpgjp vdg;gLk; 2-k;
mjpgjp tYg; bgw;nwh/ nfe;jpu/
jphpnfhz !;jhdj;jpy;
mike;jpUe;jhnyhjhd; jdtuit ghJfhf;Fk;
jpwDk; jpwika[k; mjph;#lKk; cz;lhFk;.
mJnghy b$dd yf;dj;jpw;F Rf!;jhdkhd 4-
k; tPL/ ghf;fpa!;jhd khd 9-k; tPL
bflhky; ,Ug;gJ kpft[k; cj;jkk;. b$d;k
yf;dj;jpw;F je;ij fhufuhd NhpaDk;/ je;ij
!;jhdkhd 9-k; mjpgjpa[k; gyk;
bgw;W ,Ue;jhy;jhd; je;ijf;F ey;y
epiya[k; mjd;\yk; $hjfh; ey;y
epiyiaa[k; mila Koa[k;.
b$d;k yf;dj;jpw;F 4-k; tPl;od; mjpgjp
tY ,Hf;fhky; ,Ue;J 9-k; mjpgjp Ml;rp/
cr@rk; bgw;W ,Ue;jhy; je;ij \yk;
mirahr@ brhj;J nrh;f;if cz;lhfp je;ij
brhj;ij ghJfhj;jny thH;f;ifia Rfkhf thGk;
mstpw;F mirahr@ brhj;J nrh;f;if
cz;lhFk;. Nhpad; tYg;bgw;why;
je;ijahdhYk; muR tHpapYk; mDTyj;ij
mila Koa[k;. Nhpad; tYthfg;
bgw;wth;fs; mjpfhuk; kpf;fth;fshft[k;
Miz ,Lgtuhft[k; ,Uf;Fk; NH;epiy
cz;lhFk;.
g[jd; gyk; bgw;wth;fs; jha;khkd;
tHpapYk; gl;lf;fy;tp/ cah;fy;tp \yk;
cd;dj epiy mile;J mjd;\yk; bgah; g[fH;
mila[k; mikg;g[ cz;lhfpwJ. b$d;k
yf;dj;jpw;F 3-k; tPL gyk;bgw;why; jdJ
brhe;j Kaw;rpahy;/ vLf;Fk; g[jpa
Kaw;rpahy; thH;tpy; cd;dj gyid
mila[k; NH;epiy cz;lhFk;. 3-k; mjpgjp
tYg;bgw;Wtpl;lhy; vLf;Fk; Kaw;rpapy;
ntfk; tpntfk; ,Uf;Fk;. 3-k; mjpgjpa[ld;
brt;tha; gyk;bgw;why; cld;
gpwe;jth;fshy; mDTyKk; Vw;wKk;
cz;lhFk;.
b$d;k yf;dj;jpw;F 4-k; mjpgjp kw;w
fpufj;ijtpl gyk; bgw;W re;jpud; gyk;
bgw;wth;fSf;F jha; tHp\yk; Rfnghf
thH;t[ cz;lhfpwJ.
6/ 8/ 1-2f;F mjpgjpfs; tYg; bgw;W
tpghPj uh$ nahfk; cz;lhfp ,Ue; jhy;
vjph;ghuhj tHpapy; bry;tk;/ cz;lhfp
thH;tpy; cd;dj epiyia mila Koa[k;.
b$d;k yf;dj;jpw;F 10-k; mjpgjp
tYg;bgw;Wtpl;lhy; vy;yh tifap
Yk; Vw;wk; cz;lhfp bjhl';Fk; bjhHpy;
rpwg;ghd epiy mile;J bry;tk;/ bry;thf;F
Vw;gLk;. 10-y; vj;jid fpufk; cs;snjh
mj;jid tpjkhd bjhHpy; cz;lhfp cd;dj
epiyia mila Koa[k;. b$d;k yf;dj;jpw;F
11-k; mjpgjp tYg;bgw;W ru yf;dkhf
,y;yhky; ,Ue;jhy; vjph;ghuhj jd
tut[ cz;lhfp mirahr@ brhj;Jf;fs; nrh;f;if
cz;lhFk; NH;epiy Vw;gLk;.
b$d;k yf;dj;jpw;F 12-k; mjpgjp/ 9-k;
mjpgjp bjhlh;g[ld; tYg;bgw;W ,Ue;jhy;
thH;tpy; epr@rak; fly; fle;J brd;W
bgUk; bry;tr@ nrh;f;if cz;lhFk; epiy
Vw;gLk;. 9/ 12 mjpgjpfs;
bjhlh;g[ xUth; $hjfj;jpy; ,Ue;Jtpl;lhy;
gpwe;j Ciu tpl;L ntW ,lk; brd;W gy
yl;rk; rk;ghjpf;Fk; NH;epiy Vw;gLk;.
Mf b$d;k yf;dj;jpw;F 2/4/5/7/ 9/10/11-
k; tPl;od; mjpgjpfs; tYg;
bgw;Wtpl;lhy; thH;tpy; ey;y epiy
mile;Jtpl Koa[k;. xU fpufk; ePrk;
bgw;wpUe;jhYk; mjw;F Vw;whh;nghy;
ePrg';f uh$nahfk; cz;lhfp ,Ue;jhy; ey;y
gyid mila Koa[k;. bghJ thf Rgfpufk;
tYg;bgw;why; ey;y gz;g[k; kw;wth;fis
kjpf;Fk; NH;epiya[k;/
ghtfpufk; tYg;bgw;why; jPagHf;f
tHf;fk; njitapy;yhj nrh;f;ifa[k;
Vw;gLk;.
g[hpahj g[jph; - g[jd;

mHfpw;F ,yf;fzk; tFj;jtDk;/ g[f;jp

a[f;jpfspy; rpwe;jtDk;/ fiy urpfDk;/
"hykyhpy; tpUg;gkhdtDkhd g[jid
Jjpf;fpd;nwd;
vd;W g[fGk; JjpahdJ g[jdJ
rpwg;gpay;g[fis/ nghw;WjYf;Fhpa
Fzeyd;fis vLj;J TWfpwJ.
etf;fpuf';fspy; g[jd; kl;Lnk
ngjypf;Fk; ,ay;g[ cilath;. NhpaDf;F
kpft[k; mUfpy; mfyhk ypUg;gth;.
g[uhzj;jpYk; n$hjplj; jpYk; ,th; kpft[k;
g[fHg;gLfpd;whh;.
FU gfthdpd; kidtp/ jhuh njtp fz;fth;
fth;r@rpa[k; fl;lHFk; tha;e;jts;.
jfjfbtd;w bghd; nkdpahYk; mHfpdhYk;
fh;tk; cilatshdhs;. kdij kaf;Fk; kjpahd
re;jpugfthd; epiw"hdk; bgwt[k; fy;tp
nfs;tpfspy; rpwg;ig bgwt[k;
vz;zpdhd;. mjdhy; fl;lHfpahd jhuhtpd;
fztDk; njth;fSf;F FUt[khd gpuf!;gjp
aplk; fy;tp fw;f te;jhd;.
mt;tpjk; te;jtd; jhuhtpd; m';f
mHfpdhy; btFthf ftug; gl;L mtis mila
vz;qthd;. re;jpudpd; bgUik fth;r@rp
fPh;j;jp fisf; fz;L jhuht[k; mtDld; nru
tpUg;gk; bfhz;lhs;. xU rkak;
re;jpudpd; tPl;ow;F jhuh tpUe;jhspahf
brd;W j';fpdhs;. mt; tpjk; brd;wts;
mtdJ moikahdhs;.
re;jpudpd; vz;zj;jpw;F jhuh thdts;
bfhGe;J tpl;L vhpa[k; beUg;gpy;
Cw;wg;gl;l bea; nghyhdhs;. mtsJ cly;
Nl;ila[k; kdr@ Nl;ila[k; re;jpud; jdJ
jpwikahYk;/ fhkf; fspahl;l';fspdhYk;
mtsJ ,d;g';fis vy;yhk; ms;spg; gUfp
jPh;j;J itj;jhd;.
fhyj;ij Tl gphpf;fyhk;. Mdhy; ,th;fis
gphpf;f ,aytpy;iy. mg;go ,Uf;f
FUtpdhy; vg;go gphpf;f Koa[k;.
njth;fSf;Fk; re; jpuDf;Fk;
,g;gpur@rpidahy; rz;il \z;lJ. ,Ug;gpDk;
gpuk;k njth; jiyapl;L rkurk; bra;J
re;jpudplkpUe;J jhuhit kPl;L FUtplk;
xg;gilj;jhh;.
re;jpudplkpUe;J jhuh kPl;fg;gl;lnghJ
mts; Ny; bfhz;oUe;jhs;. fUt[w;w mts;
xU kfitwhs;. FUthdth; re;njfkile;J
mk;kfit ahUf;FhpaJ vd;W tpdtpdhh;.
jhuht[k; jaf;fkpd;wp
kft[ re;jpuDf;FhpaJ vd;whs;.
FUt[k; ,tsJ gjpyhy; kde; bjspe;J
mk;kftpw;F g[jd; vd bgahpl;L fy;tp
nfs;tpfspy; jiy rpwf;f itj;jhh;. g[jDk;
jd; thypg tajpy; rptbgUkhid nehf;fp
fLe;jtk; nkw;bfhz;lhd;. mtdJ mirahj
jtj;jpw;F rptDk; kd Kte;J etf;fpuf';fspy;
,tDk; xUtd; vd g[jd; fpuf gjk; bfhLj;J
mtid g[dpjkhf;fpdhh;.
g[jd; xU KfKk; ehd;F fu';fSk; cil atd;.
thSk;/ nflaKk;/ fija[k;/ tujKj;jpiua[k;
jh';fpatd;. rp';ff;bfho gwf;Fk; ehd;F
Fjp iufs; g{l;oa njhpy; gtdp tUgtd;.
mypahd g[jd; jdJ ,lkhf jpyfj;ijg;
bgw;wth;. beoa cauj;ijf; Fwpf;Fk; ,th;
jdJ bkhHpahf n$hjplk; vd;ghh;.
gr@ir epwj;ij jdjhf;Fk; ,th; itrpahs;
,dj;ij nrh;e;jth;. Fzj;jpy; ey;ytuhd ,th;
thjk; vd;Dk; nehia jd;DilaJ vd; ghh;.
jpirahf tlf;ifa[k; uj;jpdkhf kufjj;ija[k;
bfhz;lth;. gr@ir gapWk;/ btz; fhe;js;
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vd;Dk; rkpj;ija[k;/ Fjpiuia thfdkhf
bfhz;lth;.
cg;ig Ritahft[k; gpj;jisia cnyhfkhft[k;
bfhz;lth;. xU uhrpia flf;f xU khjk;
vLj;Jf;bfhs;thh;. jdJ mjpnjt ijahf tp#qit
Vw;Wf; bfhz;lth;. gr@irgl;L jdJ
Milahft[k; njh#k; eP';f kJiu kPdhl;rp
clDiw brhf;f ehjiu tHpgl;lhy; nghJk;
vd;ghh;.
etf;fpuf';fspy; ,th; xUtnu jdJ tPlhd
fd;dpapy; cr@rk; miltJk;/ kpJdj;jpy;
Ml;rpa[k; milfpwhh;. FUtpd; tPlhd
jDrpy; rkKk; kPdj;jpy; ePrKk;
bgWfpwhh;. rdpapd; tPlhd kfuk;
Fk;gj;jpYk;/ brt;tha; tPlhd nk#k;
tpUr@rpfj;jpYk;/ rkk; bgW fpd;whh;.
Rf;fpudpd; tPlhd hp#gk; Jyhj;jpy;
el;g[k;/ rpk;kj;jpy; el;g[k;/ flfj;jpy;
gifiaa[k; milfpwhh;.
g[jdhdth; Nhpaida[k;/ Rf; fpuida[k;
ez;gh;fshft[k;/ brt;tha;/ FU/ rdp/ uhF/
nfJf;fis jdf;F rkkhft[k;/ re;jpuid
gifahft[k; fUJthh;. Mapy;ak;/ nfl;il/
nutjp el;rj;jpu';fis jdJ MSikahff; bfhz;L
mtw;wpd; \yk; 17 tUl g[jd; jpiriaf;
bfhz;lth;.
g[jd; jd; bghWg;gpy; vGj;J/ ehlfk;/
E}y;fs;/ tut[ - bryt[ fzf;Ffs;/ eph;thf
cj;jut[fs;/ fzf;if jzpf;if bra;jy;/ gzk;
itg;g[ mj;jhl;rpfs;/ tPl;L epyg;
gj;jpu';fs;/ capy;fs;/ rhl;rpfspd;
gjpt[fs; nghd;wita[k; khkd; tifawhf;fs;
mjhtJ jhapd; cld; gpwe;njhuhd mz;zd;/
jk;gpfisa[k;/ jfg;gdpd; mf;fh/ j';ifapd;
fztd;khh;fisa[k; fhufkhf bfhz;Ls;shh;.
g[jdpd; MSik mile;jth;fs; ,Uf;Fk; ,lk;
fyfyg;ghf ,Uf; Fk;. vjph;g;g[fSk;
Vfoa';fSk; me;j ,lj;ij tpl;L tpyFk;. cah;
gjtpapd; nkk;ghL ,tuhy; KGik mila[k;.
mirnghLk; vz;z';fs; mfYk;. nrhk;gy;/
ke;jepiy eP';Fk;. ed;F cztUe;jp kfpGk;
ghf;fpaKk; Vw;gLk;.
g[jd; cah;thd epiyapy; ,Ue;jhy; ,He;j
brhj;Jf;fis Kiwg;go bgw Koa[k;.
,dge;Jf;fspilna ey;y cwt[k;
kfpH;r@rpa[k; njhd;Wk;. nfhapy;
Fs';fSf;Fr@ brd;W ,iw tHpghl;od; \yk;
kdepk;kjpia epr@rak; mila ,aYk;.
,th; kPdj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy; ePr epiyia
milfpwhh;. ,e;j mikg;ig bgw;wth;fs;
khkd; tifawhf;fSld; cs;s cwt[ rPh;
bflt[k;/ gif njhd;wt[k; fhz;ghh;fs;.
tut[/ bryt[ fzf;fpdhYk;/ vGj;jp dhYk;
fhhpa';fs; FsWgoahFk;. $hjfh; jhk;
rhh;e;j epjpj;Jiw/ t';fp nghd;witfshf
,Ue;jhy; r';fl';fs; mjpfkhFk;.
g[jd; ePr epiyapy; ,Ug;gjhy;
FLk;gj;jpy; FHg;g';fSk;/ gpd;d ilt[fSk;/
rWf;fy;fSk;/ jhH;t[ kdg;ghd;ika[k;
njhd;Wk;. gpwiu rpf;fypy; rpf;f itj;J
ntof;if ghh;j;jYk;/ ,f;fl;oDs; jhDk;
rpf;fp jtpf;Fk; epiyika[k; cz;lhFk;.
cwtpdh;fspilna gphpt[k;/ ntw;W ika[k;
Vw;gl;L ,dge;Jf;fspilna ntz;lhj Mshf;fp
tpLk;.
g[jdhy; Vw;gLk; njh#k; tpyf kJiu
brd;W |kPdhl;rp clDiw brhf;fehjiu
tz';fp tUjy; ntz;Lk;. kPdhl;rpf;F
bea;jPgKk;/ nuh$h khiya[k; rhw;wp
tHpgly; ntz;Lk;. g[jd;fpHik md;W g[jd;
gfthDf;fhf tpujk; nkw;bfhz;lhy; ed;ik
cz;lhFk;.
uh$nahf $hjf mikg;g[fs;

nk#k;/ flfk;/ kfuk; Mfpa uhrpfspy;

VnjDbkhd;W b$d;k yf;dkhf mike;J
brt;tha;/ FU/ Nhpad; Mfpnahh; cr@rk;
bgw;Wk; ,Ue;jhy; $hjfh; g{kpf;F
ehafuhf tps';Fthh;.
nk#k;/ Jyhk;/ kfuk; Mfpa uhrpfspy;
VnjDbkhd;W b$d;k yf;dkhf mike;J rdp/
Nhpad;/ brt;tha; Mfpnahh; cr@rk;
bgw;Wk; ,Ue;jhy; $hjfh; g{kpf;F
ehafuhf tps';Fthh;.
flfk;/ Jyhk;/ kfuk; Mfpa uhrpfspy;
xd;W b$d;k yf;dkhf mike;J/ rdp/
brt;tha;/ FU Mfpnahh; cr@rk;
bgw;Wk; ,Ue;jhy; g{kpf;F ehafuhf
tps';Fthh;.
b$d;k yf;dk; nk#khf ,Ue;J mjpy;
Nhpad; cr@rk; bgw;wpUf;f/ re;jpud;
flfj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy; $hjfh; g{kpf;F
ehafuhf tps';Fthh;. ,Jnghy; b$d;k
yf;dk; kfukhf ,Ue;J mjpy; brt;tha;
cr@rk; bgw;wpUf;f/ re;jpud;
flfj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy; $hjfh; g{kpf;F
ehafuhf tps';Fthh;. cjhuz $hjfk; ,njh*
yf;dj;jpy; rdpa[k;/ kfuj;jpy; brt;tha[k;/
jDrpy; Nhpad;/ re;jpud; MfpnahUk;
,Ue;jhy; $hjfh; g{kpf;F ehafuhf
tps';Fthh;.
FU flfj;jpYk;/ brt;tha; nk#j;jpYk; FU/
brt;tha; Mfpath; fSs; xUth;
yf;dj;jpYk; ,Ue;jhy; $hjfh; muruhf
tps';Fthh;.
rdp/ brt;tha; Mfpnahh; g{uz
re;jpuDld; To 9-y; ,Ue;jhy; $hj fh;
muruhf tps';Fthh;.
Jyhk;/ jDR/ kPdk; Mfpatw;wpy; VnjD
bkhd;W b$d;k yf;dkhf mike;J mjpy;
rdp ,Ue;jhy; uh$hthf ,Ug;ghh;.
rpk;kj;jpy; brt;tha[k;/ kpJdj;jpy;
uhFt[k; ,Ue;jhy; muruhf Mthh;.
yf;dj;jpnyh my;yJ 10 Mkplj;jpnyh
re;jpud;/ brt;tha; ToapUe; jhy; muruhf
Mthh;.
b$d;k yf;dk; nk#k;/ flfk;/ Jyhk;/ kfuk;
vDk; ru yf;d khft[k;/ 9-f;Fhpath; 1-4-
7-10 vDk; nfe;jpuj;jpYk; ,Ue;jhy;
$hjfh; mikr@ruhf Mthh;.
b$d;k yf;dk; hp#gk;/ rpk;kk;/
tpUr@rpfk;/ Fk;gk; vDk; !;jpu yf;dkhfp
mjd; mjpgjp 10 Mkplj;jpy;
mkh;e;jpUf;f/ 1-4-7-10 vDk;
nfe;jpuj;jpy; FUt[k; ,Ue;jhy; $hjfh;
mikr@rh; Mthh;. cjhuz $hj fk; ,njh*
5-f;Fhpath; 9- Mkplj;jpYk;/ 9-f;Fhpath;
5-Mkplj;jpYk; ,Ue;jhy; $hjfh;
ke;jphpahf Mthh;.
1/4/5/9/10-f;Fhpath;fs; xUtnuhL xUth;
ToapUe;jhy; $hjfh; muruhf Mthh;
cjhuz $hjfk; ,njh*
re;jpuDf;F 10-f;Fhpath; gyk; bgw;W
yf;dj;jpw;F 1-2-4-7-9-10
vDk; !;jhd';fspy; ,Ue;jhy; $hjfh; kf;fs;
jiytuhf tps';Fthh;.
VnjDk; xU fpufkh tJ cr@rk; bgw;W
el;g[ fpufj;jhy; ghh;f;fg;gl;lhy; $hjfh;
murpay; jiytuhthh;.
9-f;Fhpath; jDR/ kPdk; ,tw;wpy;
xd;wpYk;/ Rf;fpud; 10-Mkplj;jpYk;
,Ue;J/ 5-f;Fhpatuhy; ghh;f;fg;gl;lhy;
$hjfh; jiyikg; gjtpiag; bgWthh;. cjhuz
$hjfk; ,njh*
Rf;fpud;/ FU Mfpnahh; 4-Mkplj;jpy;
,Ue;jhYk;/ re;jpud;/ FU flfj;jpy;
,Ue;jhYk;/ re;jpud;/ g[jd; fd;dpapy;
,Ue;jhYk; ke;jphpahthh;.
Rf;fpud;/ FU Mfpnahh; cr@rj;jpy;
,Ue;jhYk; my;yJ 1-4-5-7-9-10
Mkpl';fspy; ,Ue;jhnyh $hjfh;
mikr@ruhthh;.
1/ 2/ 7/ 12-Mkpl';fspy; vy;yh fpuf';fSk;
,Ue;jhy; $hjfh; mikr@r uhthh;.
4-f;Fhpath; 1-4-5- 9-10-Mkpl';fspy;
xd;wpy; ,Ue;jhy; $hjfh; Rf thrpahf
,Ug;ghh;.
FU cr@rj;jpYk;/ Rf;fpud; 1-4-7-10
Mkpl';fspYk; ,Ue;jhy; $hjfh;
mikr@ruhthh;.
10-f;Fhpath; 1-4-5- 7-9-10 Mfpa
xd;wpy; ,Ue;jhy; g[fH; cz;lhFk;.
10-f;Fhpath; Rgf; fpufj;Jld; To 5-
Mkplj;jpYk;/ 5-f;Fhpath; jDrpYk;
,Ue;jhy; g[fH; cz;lhFk;. cjhuz $hjfk;
,njh*
yf;dhjpgjp 9-Mkplj;jpYk; 10-f;Fhpath;
yf;dj;jpYk; ,Ue;jhy; g[fH; cz;lhFk;.
Fk;gk; my;yJ flfk; b$dd yf;dkhf mike;J
yf;dj;Jf;F 4-y; Rf;fp uDk;/ 9-y;
re;jpuDk; ,Ue;jhy; g[fH; cz;lhFk;.
re;jpud; flfj;jpy; ,Ue;J/ FU kw;Wk;
Rf;fpudhy; ghh;f;fg;gl;lhy; ey;y g[fH;
cz;lhFk;.
11-f;Fhpath; 1/ 4/ 5/ 7/ 9/ 10/ 11 -Mfpa
!;jhd';fspy; VnjD bkhd;wpy; ,Ue;jhy;
mjpf yhgk;/ g[fH;/ Rfk; Kjypad
cz;lhFk;.
9-Mkplj;jpy; Rgf;fpufk; ,Ue;jhYk;/ 9-
Mkplj;ij Rgf;fpufk; ghh;j;jhYk;
$hjfUf;F mjpf bry;tk; cz;lhFk;.
11-f;Fhpatiu Rgf; fpufk; ghh;j;jhYk;/
11-f;FhpatUld; Rgf; fpuf';fs; TodhYk;
mjpf bry;tk; cz;lhFk;.
11-f;Fhpath; 2 Mkplj;jpYk;/ 2-
f;Fhpath; 1/ 4/ 7/ 10 vDk; nfe;jpuj;
jpYk; ,Uf;f/ 11-M kplj;jpy; FUt[k;
,Ue;jhy; $hjfUf;F mjpf khd yhgk;
cz;lhFk;. cjhuz $hjfk; ,njh*
11-f;Fhpath; 1/ 4/ 5/ 7/ 9/ 10-
Mkpl';fspy; VnjDbkhd;wpy; ,Ue;J/ 11-
Mkplj;jpw;F ghgf;fpuf';fspd;
rk;ge;jk; ,y;yhjpUe;jhy; $hjfUf;F
jdyhgk; cz;lhFk;.
bry;te;jh; nahfk;*
o.nf.uhn$e;jpud;/ 3-9/ ngh!;l; Mgp!; nuhL/
r';ffphp-637 301.
ek; midtuhYk; tpUk;gg;gLtJ bry;tnk.
jd ghf;ak;jhd;. kdpjDf;F ,d;wpaikahjJ.
mUspy;yhh;f;F mt;t[yF ,y;iy vd;Wk;/
bghUspy;yhh;f;F ,t;t[yF ,y;iy vd;Wk;
Twpa[s;sdh;. ,t;t[yfpy; gzk; ,y;yhjtd;
gpzk; vd;W gHbkhHp brhy;fpd;wJ. jd
ghf;fpak; gw;wp fpuf hPjpahf
mwpnthk;.
1. flf uhrpapy; re;jpud; Ml;rp bgw;W
epw;f/ FUt[k;/ Rf;fpuDk;/ re;jpud;
eae;J ghh;f;f kjpa[k;/ gUtjh';fk; Vwp
epw;fpy; ey;y fPh;j;jpkhdh ft[k;/ rfy
rk;gj;Jk; jdk; (bry;tk;) njo ghf;athdhf
thH;thh;.
2. xd;gJf;Fk;/ gj;Jf;Fk; cilath;fs;
ghpth;j;jid Mfpa[k;/ (m) xd;gJ cilath;
nfe;jpuj;jpnyh jphpnfhzj;jpnyh
,Ue;jhy; thfd nrh;f;ifa[k; nghf
te;jdha[k;/ bgUk; jdk; njoa ghf;athdhf
thH;thh;.
3. ,yhghjpgjpa[ld; Rgfpuf';fs; ToapUf;f
btFjdk; nrh;f;Fk;. nahfk; cz;L. FU
ghh;f;f rfy ghf;aKk; nrUk;. ,yhghjpgjp
Nhpad; Mfp re;jpuDld; Tl (m) ghh;f;f
btF jdyhgKz;L. ,yhghjpgjp ve;j
tPl;oy; ,Ue;jhYk; me;je;j
fpuff;fhuh;fSf;F bgUk; bry;tk; fpilj;J jd
thH;thd; Mthh;.
4. gj;jhkplj;jjpgDk;/ yf;dhjpgjpa[k;
FLk;g !;jhdhgjpnawpa m';f rhjpgjpa[k;
xd;W/ ehY gj;jpy; Rgh; ghh;f;f
epd;why; rpW taJ Kjy; bry; te;jdhf
thH;thh;.
5. b$ddkhfp a[k;/ \d;whkplj;njhDk;/
gythdhf ,Uf;f g[U#f;nfhs;
nehf;ft[k;/ \d;whkplj;njhd; Vwpa
,uhrpahjpgjp mtiu ghh;f;f mz; zd;/
jk;gp/ khkd; ,th;fs; jdk; fpilj;J
bry;te;jdhft[k;/ ghf;a thdhft[k;
thH;thh;.
6. ghf;a!;jhdj;jpy; ghg fpuf';fs;
cr@rkhfpa[k;/ Ml;rpahft[k; ,Ue;jhy;
ehs; brd;W jdk; bry;t ghf;ak; te;J
nrUk;. (filrpahf fhyk; fle;J)
7. Fk;gf yf;dkhfp Nhpad;
ghf;fpa!;jhdj;jpy; epw;f mtUld;
jdyhghjpa[k;/ fUkhjpgjpa[k; nru
gpJh;jdk; bry;tk; ghf;ak; bkj;j t[z;L.
8. yf;dj;jpYk; 5-Yk; Nhpad; ,Uf;f 4/ 5/
7/ 10 ,itfspy; m';f fhufd; (brt;tha;)
,Ue;J yhgk; 12-y; Rf;fpud; Ml;rp/
cr@rkhf gykhf ,Ue;jhy; ,e;jpuDf;F
rkkhd midj;J bry;t';fnshL Toatdhf
thH;thh;.
9. 3/ 10/ 6 ,l';fspy; yf;dhjpgjp/
,Uf;ft[k;. ,tiu Rgfpuf';fs; ghh;f;ft[k;
b$fj;Jf;fjpgjp Mthh;. ruuhrpahfpa
Jyhj;jpy; Rf;fpuDk;/ nk#j;jpy;
brt;tha[k;/ flfj;jpy; FUt[k; te;jhy; ,tUk;
,e;jpuDf;F rkkhd bry;t rk;gj;Jld;
thH;thh;.
10. 4-k; tPl;nlhd; 2-k; tPl; nlhd; To
ghf;fpa!;jhdj;jpypUf;f 10-k; tPl;nlhd;
2-k; ,lj;jpy; ,Uf;f kpFe;j gyrhypahf
,Uf;f yhghjpgjpa[k;/ yf;dhjpgjpa[k;
cr@rdhf ,Uf;f ,e;jpuDf;F rkkhd midj;J
I!;thpak;/ bry;tk; gilj;jtdhf thH;thh;.
11. jdhjpgjpa[k;/ ghf;ahjpgjpa[k;/
yhghjpgjpa[k;/ re;jpu nfe;jpuj;jpy;
,Uf;f 11/ 5-k; FUtpd; Ml;rp tPlhf
,Ue;jhy; yl;Rkp flhl;rKk; fpilj;J
bry;te;jdhf thH;thh;.
12. bry;tj;ij bfhLf;Fk; 10-f; FilnahDk;
b$d;khjpgjpa[k;/ FLk;ghjpgDld;
bghUe;jpa tPl;nlhd; m';ffp rhjgjpa[k;/
nfe;jp uhj;jpypUe;J mth;fis Rgf;
fpuf';fs; ghh;j;jhy; rpW tajpy; ,e;jpud;
rk;gj;J cilatdhf thH;thh;.
13. uhF/ cr@rkhfp re;jpud; Ml;rpahfp
Rf;fpud;/ FU nkw;Fwpg;gpl;l
fpuf';fSf;F 4-k; ,lj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy; $hjfh;
bgUk; bry;t rPkhdhf thH; thh;. 100 taJ
tiua[k; thH;thh;.
14. 9-k; ,lj;jpy; Rf;fpud; Ml;rpahfp
ghf;ahjpgjp ghgnuhL ,Ue;J
ghf;a!;jhdkhfpa 9-k; ,lj;ij ghgh;
ghh;f;fhky; ,Ug;gpd; kidtpahny jdk;/
bry;tk; bgw;W thH;thh;.
15. Nhpad;/ brt;tha;/ rdp nfJ ,th;fs; 2/
11-kplj;jpypUe;J ,th;fis Rgf;fpuf';fs;
ghh;j;jhy; gpuahir ,d;wp jdk; nrh;e;J
bry;t nahfdhf thH;thh;.
fPH; jpUg;gjp*
nt';fltd; thGk; kiyf;F btk;kiy vd;fpw
bgah; cz;L. btk;kiy vd;gJ rf;jp +gj;jpd;
mog;gilapy; vGe;j bgah; brhy;yhFk;.
btk; vd;why; Mjp vd;gjhFk;.
,t;t[yfpw;nf Mjpa[k; me;jKkhf ,Uf;fpw
fUiz jha; md;id totj;ijjhd; btk; vd;W
Fwpg;gplg;gLfpwJ.

,e;j btk;kiyapy; Fobfhz;l me;j

nt';fltidna jd; guhf; fpukj;jhy;
guhkhpg;gts;jhd; md;id mynkY.
btk;kiyia nky; jpUg;gjp/ fPH; jpUg;gjp
vd;W ,U gphpthf bfhz;L - md;id
mynkY fPH; jpUg;gjpapy; ,Ue;Jk;/
nt';fltd; nky; jpUg;gjpapy; ,Ue;Jk;
bja;t re;epjhdj;Jf;F tUgth;fis j';fs;
mUs; vd;Dk; rf;jpahy; mUs; ghypj;J
tUfpwhh;fs;.
fPH; jpUg;gjp vd;W bghJthf
miHf;fg;gl;lhYk; me;j fPH; jpUg;gjpf;F
jpUr@rhD}h; vd;gJjhd; bja;thk;rk;
bghUe;jpa bgauhFk;. jpUr@rhD}hpy;
mynkY md;id jd;id eho tUk; gf;jh;fSf;F
vy;yh tsKk; ,ize;nj jUfpw kfh totkhf
fhl;rp mspf;fpwhs;/
md;id mynkYtpw;F gj;khtjp jhahh;
vd;fpw ,d;bdhU bgaUk; cz;L.
Vd; fPH;jpUg;gjpapy; ,Ue;J bfhz;L
mynkY md;id mUs; ghypf;fpwhh; nky;
jpUg;gjpapy; bt';flh$ygjp
vd;wiHf;fg;gLfpw nt';fltDld; ,ize;jpUf;f
ntz;oaJjhnd vd;W gf;jh;fs; gyUf;Fk;
re;njfk; ,Uf;Fk;.
g{kpfh vd;fpw bgz; xU re;jpah
fhyj;jpy; bgUkhisa[k;/ mynkY
md;idiaa[k; fhz tUfpwhs;. g{kpfh jdJ
Cida[k; capiua[k; cUf;fp brk;gUj;jp
g{f;fshy; Md g{khiyia bfhz;L
tUfpwhs;. g{kp fhtpd; ifapy; xnu xU
brk;gUj;jp khiy kl;Lk; ,Uf;fpwJ. vd;d
bra;tJ> jk;gjp rnkjuha; fhl;rp jUfpd;w
bgUkhSf;Fk; - gj;khtjp jhahUf;Fk; ,jid
vg;go Nl;LtJ vd;W kdk; btk;g[fpwhs;.
mg;nghJ bgUkhs; g{kpfhtpd; kd
r';flj;ij czh;e;J g{kpfhtpd; ifapypUf;Fk;
brk;gUj;jp khiyia ,uz;L khiyfshf;fp
tpLfpd;whh;. mg;nghJ g{kpfhtpw;F
Vw;gl;l kfpH;r@rpf;F msnt ,y;iy.
nt';fltida[k;/ gj;khtjp jhahiua[k; tz';fp
bjhGJtpl;L g{kpfh mUs; bgw;W mfd;w
gpwF - gj;khtjp jhahh; nt';fltdplk;
brhy;fpwhh;. eP';fSk; ehDk; xd;nw
c';fisa[k; vd;ida[k; vtuhYk; gphpf;fnt
KoahJ. ,J ehk; ,UtUf;Fnk bjhpa[k;
,Ug;gpDk; ek;ik jhprpf;f tUk;
gf;jh;fSf;F FHg;gKk;/ r';flKk; tuhky;
,Uf;f ehd; fPH; jpUg;gjp apYk;/ eP';fs;
nky; jpUg;gjpapYk; ,Ue;J mUs;
ghypg;nghk; vd;W
nfl;Lf;bfhz;ljw;fpz';f fPH; jpUg;gjp/
nky; jpUg;gjp vd;W ,uz;lhf gphpe;jJ.
mg;nghJ gj;khtjp jhahhplk; nt';fltd;
nfl;Lf; bfhz;lhuhk;.
md;idna btk;kiyf;F te;J ek;ik jhprpf;f
tUfpd;w gf;jh;fSf;F ehk; ,UtUk; nrh;e;J
xU md;g[ fl;lis ,Lnthk;. ve;j xU gf;jUk;
fPH; jpUg;gjp vd;fpw jpUr@rhD}h;
brd;W md;id mynkYit tz';fp bjhGJtpl;L
gpd;dnu nky; jpUg;gjp te;J vd;id tz';f
ntz;Lk; vd;W nfl;Lf;bfhz;lhuhk;. md;W
Kjy; nt';fltid jhprpf;f jpUg;gjp kiyf;F
bry;fpd;w gf;jh;fs; jpUr@rhD}h;
brd;W gj;khtjp jhahiu tz';fp tpl;L
gpd;dh; nky; jpUg;gjpf;F bry;fpd;w
Kiw Vw;gl;lJ.

Mdhy; fhyg;nghf;fpy; ,e;j epiyik jiy

fPHhfptpl;lJ. nky; jpUg;gjp brd;W
bt';flh$ygjpia jhprpj;Jtpl;L gpd;dh;jhd;
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6-Mkplj;jjpgjp 5-Mkplj;jpy; epd;why;
j';fSila g[j;jpuh;fns vjphpfshf khWth;.
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7-Mkplj;jjpgjp 5-Mkplj;jpy; epd;why;
g[j;jpu Rfk;/ Rfnghfk;/ bfsutk;/
tpahghu tpUj;jp/ gpuahzj;jhy; yhgk;/
bja;t mUs;/ h;tPf tpUj;jp/ Kjypaitfshy;
bry;thf;F bgUFk;.
8-Mkplj;jjpgjp 5-Mkplj;jpy; epd;why;
g[j;jpuh;/ bgz;fs;/ bghp nahh;fs;/
bjhHpy;/ g{h;tPfr@ brhj;J Mfpaitfshy;
ftiy cz;lhFk;. kdjplk; Fiwa[k;. bfsutk;
mHpa[k;.
9-Mkplj;jjpgjp 5-Mkplj;jpy; epd;why;
g[j;jpu nahfk;/ cah;gjtp/ mjpfhuk;/
g{h;tPfk;/ tPL/ thfdk; Mfpatw;why;
jdKk;/ g[fGk; nrUk;.
10-Mkplj;jjpgjp 5-Mkplj;jpy; epd;why;
g[j;jpufk;/ bja;t mUs;/ g{h;tPf tpUj;jp/
rh!;jpu a[f;jp/ mur gjtp/ mjpfhuk;
Mfpait fpl;Lk;.
11-Mkplj;jjpgjp 5-Mkplj;jpy; epd;why;
g[j;jpunahfk;/ g{h;tPf nkd;ik/ mur
gjtp/ bja;t mUs; Mfpatw;why;
jdnahfKk; g[fGk; fpl;Lk;.
12Mkplj;jjpgjp 5Mkplj;jpy; epd;wy;
\j;njhh;/ g[j;jpuh;/ murpay;/
bghJr@nrit/ kjfhhpak; Mfpatw;why;
tpuak; Vw;gLk;.
,';nf brhy;yg;gl;litfs; aht[k; me;je;j
ghthjpgjpapd; jprhg[j;jp fhy';fspy;
cz;lhFk; vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fjhFk;.
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epw;gjd; gyd;fs;
yf;dhjpgjp 6-Mkplj;jpy; epd;why;
kdf;ftiy/ tl;o/ nfhh;l;/ jtwhd jpl;lk;/
cwtpdh; gif/ Ruz;ly;/ Vkhw;wk;
Mfpaitfshy; f#l e#l';fs; cz;lhFk;.
yf;dhjpgjp jd; Mjpgj;jpaj;ij ,Hg;ghh;.
2-Mkplj;jjpgjp 6-Mkplj;jpy; epd;why;
FLk;gf;fld;/ kUj;Jtr@ bryt[/ FLk;gg;gif/
fy;tp bfLjy;/ bjhHpy; Klf;fk;/ jdehrk;/
FLk;gf; FHg;gk; Mfpad Vw;gl;L gy f#l
e#lk; Vw;gLk;.
3Mkplj;jjpgjp 6-Mkplj;jpy; epd;why;
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neha;/ nghl;o/ jtwhd a[f;jp/ Vkhw;wk;/
mfhy ngh$dk;/ fz;lk;/ nghfk;/
Mlk;gur@ bryt[/ ntiyahs;/ rPlh;/ gif
Mfpaitfshy; jdehrk;/ mur nfhgk;/
mtkhdk; Vw;gLk;. nk#k;/ hp#gk;/
kpJdk;/ flfk;/ Jyhk;/ jDR Mfpa
yf;d';fSf;F 3-Mkplj;jjpgjp 6- Mkplj;jpy;
kiwe;jhy; jPikfs; mjpfk; cz;lhfhJ.
jprhfhy Kotpy; btw;wpa[k; bry;tKk;
cz;lhFk;.
4-Mkplj;jjpgjp 6-Mkplj;jpy; epd;why;
tHf;F/ tPz; bryt[/ neha;/ tptfhuk;
Mfpaitfshy; f#le#lk; Vw;gLk;. flfk;/
rpk;kk;/ J}yhk; Mfpa yf;d';fSf;F f#lk;
Fiwa[k;.
5-Mkplj;jjpgjp 6-Mkplj;jpy; epd;why;
g[j;jpunjh#k;/ jtwhd a[f;jp/ kdf;ftiy/
h;tPf ehrk;/ tHf;Ffs;/ neha;/ fld;/
vjphp/ nghl;o/ Kjyhsp/ Ruz;ly;
Mfpaitfshy; jdehrKk; nkhrKk;
Vw;gLk;. nk#k;/ flfk;/ fd;dp/ Jyhk;/ jDR
Mfpa yf;d';fSf;F jprhg[j;jp Kotpy; f#lk;
Fiwe;JtpLk;.
6-Mkplj;jjpgjp 6-Mkplj;jpnyna Ml;rp
bgw;W epd;why; mof;fo tpahjpfs;
Vw;gLk;. 6-Mkplj;jpy; Nhpad;/
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bry;t tpUj;jp Vw;gLk;. Mdhy; re;jpud;/
g[jd;/ FU/ Rf;fpud; Mfpa fpuf';fs; 6-
Mkplj;jpy; Ml;rp bgw;W mkh;e;jhy;
tPz;ftiyfs; cz;lhFk;.
7-Mkplj;jjpgjp 6-Mkplj;jpy; epd;why;
kidtpahYk;/ bgz;zhYk; tHf;F/ neha;/
vjph;g;g[/ ftiy/ jdehrk;/ bfsutf; Fiwt[/
mtkhdk; Mfpad Vw;gLk;.
8-Mkplj;jjpgjp 6-Mkplj;jpy; epd;why;
jPatHpapy; yhgk;/ jPa tHpbry;yy;/
jPag[j;jp Mfpaitfs; cz;lhFk;.
9-Mkplj;jjpgjp 6-Mkplj;jpy; epd;why;
fld;/ neha;/ nghl;o/ mo ikj;jdk;/ tHf;F/
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hp#gk;/ fd;dp/ flfk;/ rpk;kk;/
tpUr@rpfk;/ kfuk;/ Fk;gk;/ kPdk; Mfpa
yf;d';fSf;F jprhg[j;jp Kotpy; f#lk;
tpyFk;.
10-Mkplj;jjpgjp 6-Mkplj;jpy; epd;why;
jPatHp/ FLk;g FHg;gk;/ moikj;jdk;/
fld;/ neha;/ nghl;o Mfpa ,itfshy; kd
cisr@rYk;/ jdtpuaKk; Vw;gLk;.
11-Mkplj;jjpgjp 6-Mkplj;jpy; epd;why;
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moikj;jdk;/ gz tpuak;/ bgz;fyfk;/
bjhHpy; Klf;fk;/ mtkhdk;/ bfsutk;
bfLjy; Mfpait 11-Mkplj;jjp gjpapd;
jprhg[j;jpapy; Vw;gl;L ftiyiaj;jUk;.
12-Mkplj;jjpgjp 6-Mkplj;jpy; epd;why;
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cz;lhFk;.
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ghthjpgjpapd; jprh g[j;jp fhy';fspy;
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n$hjplj;jpy; beg;l;a{d;*
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khatpj;ij my;yJ Mtpa[yf rpe;jid ,itf
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kpFjpahd fw;gidtsj;ij jUgth;. je;jpuf;
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thH;tpy; epk;kjpapy;yhik/ bfl;l
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mjpfkhd mwpt[j;jpwd;/ vjph;fhy
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Vw;gLk;.
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yf;dhjpgjp 7Mkplj;jpy; epd;why;

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TLk;.
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FUt[k;/ rdpa[k; ,ize; jpUe;jhy; rikay;
fiy"uhf/ Fatuhf/ fpufj;jpd; epiyf;nfw;g
bjhHpy; bra;gtuhf tps';FtPh
kidtp miktJ
Mh;.Nhpaehuhaz\h;j;jp
11..A ehuhazrhkp bjU/
mu';fehjd; efh;/ tpUfk;ghf;fk;/brd;id-92

xUth;f;F FLk;g Rfk; miktJ vd;gJ kidtpia

bghWj;nj ,Uf;Fk;. vy;nyhUf;Fk; mtuth;
tpUk;gpago kidtp mikt jpy;iy. kdk;
bghUe;jp mika[k; kiztpahy; jhd;
,y;ywk; ey;yw khf ,Uf;Fk;.
mg;gog;gl;lth;fs; kpFe;j ghf;fpa
rhypahf ,Ug; ghh;fs;. ,jpy; mtuth;
gpwe;j $hjfg;go jhd; kidtp mikaf;Toa
mk;rk; ,Uf;Fk;. bra;j jh;kj;jpd;
gadhft[k;/ g{h;tPf g[z;zpaj;jpd;
gadhfjhd; ey;y kidtp mika[k;. mjd;go
mtuth; $hjfg;go kidtp mikaf;Toa
mk;rj;ij ghh;g;nghk;.
kidtpia Fwpf;Fk; ghtk; 7-k; ghtk;
MFk;. ,e;j VHhk;ghtj;ij bghWj;Jjhd;
kidtp mikaf; TLk;. ,e;j VHhk; ghtj;jpy;
fpufk; epd;w gpd;dh;/ ghh;f;Fk;
gyd;fs; VHhk; ghthjpgjp nrh;f;if
gyd;fs; gw;wp ghh;g;nghk;.
VHhk; ghtj;jpy; fpufk; epd;w gyd;fs;
Nhpad; epd;why; kidtp mjpfhuk;
bra;gts;. fztid Ml;o gilg;ghs;.
gpothjf;fhhp jiytyp neha; bfhz;lts;.
re;jpud; epd;why; kidtp mikjp ahd
brh+gp. vjw;Fk; tise;J bfhLg;gts;.
bghUikrhyp/ Ra eyf;fhhp. vjpYk;
m$hf;fpuijahf ,Ug;ghs;.
brt;tha; epd;why; kidtp Mztf;fhhp/
Kd;nfhgp. gpothjk; bra;gts;. jh;f;fk;
bra;ths;. fztDf;F ml';fp elf;f khl;lhs;.
jhpj;jpuk; ,Uf;Fk;.
g[jd; epd;why; Fztjp. fy;tp khd;.
rhJ}h;rpak; epiwe;jts; gy tpj;ijfs;
fw;wts;. jh;k Fzk; bfhz;lts;. k';fsk;
epiwe;jts;. FU epd;why; mHF cs;sts;.
bja;t rf;jp bgw;wts;. yl;Rkp thrk;
bfhz;lts;. espdkhd ele;ij bfhz;lts;.
Rf;ud; epd;why; trPfu mHF bfhz;lts;.
vjw;Fk; Jzpe;jts; fw;g[ jtwpats;. fh\fp.
gzk; gilj;jts;. gy Rf';fis bfhz;lts;/
rdp epd;why; mgr Fzkhf ngRgts;.
bfl;lij epidg;gts;. jhpj;jpuk; bfhz;lts;.
mHF bfl;lts;. cz;L fspg;ghs;. r\f
tpnuhjkhf elg;gts;. ufrpa neha;fs;
epiwe;jts;.
uhF epd;why; gyjug;gl;l kidtp
mika[k;. rjh f#l';fs; ,Uf;Fk;. kidtpf;F
mjph;#;lk; ,Uf;Fk;. bfl;l Fzk; bfhz;lts;.
Fy ehrk; bra;gts;. neha;fs; bfhz;lts;.
nfJ epd;why; gf;jp ,Uf;Fk;. vjpYk;
gw;W ,Uf;fhJ. gunjr Fzk; ,Uf;Fk;.
vjw;Fk; Jzpe;jts;. xGf;fk; Fiwthf
,Uf;Fk;. rpj;jgpuik neha; bfhz;lts;.
VHhk; ghtj;jpy; fpuf nrh;f;if gyd;fs;
Nhpad; re;jpud; nrh;e;J epd;why;
kidtpf;F Mnuhf;fpak; bfLk;. bfl;l
rpe;jidfs; ,Uf;Fk;. vjw;F Jzpe;jts;. Ra
eythjp vspjpy; czh;r@rp moikahths;.
jiytyp rpj;jgpuik neha; ,Uf;Fk;.
Nhpad; brt;tha; nrh;e;J epd;why;
fy;be";R bfhz;lts;. Fyehrk; bra;gts;.
gpothjfhhp. epidj;jij rhjpf;Fk; jpwd;
bfhz;lts;. fz tDf;F Jnuhfk; epidg;gts;.
r\f tpnuhjp.
Nhpad; g[jd; nrh;e;J epd;why;
mwpt[ bfhz;lts;. rkak; mwpe;J
elg;gts;. gpwhpd; mgpg;gpuhak;
bfhz;lts;. mHF bfhz;lts;. f#l';fis
vjph;j;J nghuhLk; Fzk; bfhz;lts;.
Nhpad; FU nrh;e;J epd;why;
epk;kjpahd thH;t[ mika[k;.
btspaplj;jpy; kjpg;g[ bfsutk; X';fp
epw;Fk;. Rfk; ,Uf;Fk;. vjw;Fnk ftiy
,Uf;fhJ. bja;t mUs; ,Uf;Fk;. jh;kgj;jpdp.
Nhpad; Rf;ud; nrh;e;J epd;why; fhkk;
epiwe;jts;. Mirfs; g{h;j;jp ahfhky;
nghFk;. vjw;Fnk jilg; gl;l jpUkzk;/
fw;g[ bfl;lts; f#l';fs; ,Uf;Fk;. r\ftpnuhj
bray; ,Uf;Fk;. ghtk; epiwe;jts;.
Nhpad; rdp nrh;e;J epd;why; tajpy;
\j;jts;. f#lk; epiwj;jy; rjhneha;fs;
epiwe;jts;. jhpj;jpuk; mHF bfl;lts;.
Jnuhfk; Jzpe;J bra;gts;. vjd;kPJ mf;fiw
fhl;l khl;lhs;.
Nhpad; uhF nrh;e;J epd;why; kidtp
elj;ij bfl;lts;. jfhj bray;fs; epiwe;jth;.
Fytpnuhjp/ fztid tpl;L tpyfp epw;gts;.
ml';fh gplhhp. vjw;Fk; Jzpe;jts;. gpwh;
kidtpia nerpg;gts;.
Nhpad; nfJ nrh;e;J epd;why; neha;fs;
epiwe;jts;. mw;g Ma[s; bfhz;lts;.
epidg;gJ elf;fhJ. bfl;l bray;fs; bfhz;lts;.
kdk; Rj;jk; ,Uf;fhJ. r\f tpnuhjp
FLk;gRfk; fpl;lhJ.
Nhpad; re;jpud; brt;tha; Mfpa
fpuf';fs; nrh;e;J epd;why; kidtp gy
rpe;jidfs; bfhz;lts;. t";rfp/ fy;be";R
bfhz;lts;. fod khd kdk; bfhz;lts;.
,uf;fk; ,Uf;fhJ. gHp vLf;Fk;
czh;t[ bfhz;lts;. jtW bra;tjpy; Jzpit
fhl;Lths;.
Nhpad; re;jpud; g[jd; Mfpa fpuf';fs;
nrh;e;J epd;why; g[j;jprhyp/
FLk;gj;jpwd; ,Uf;Fk;. gy fiyfs;
epiwe;J ,Uf;Fk;. ,dpikahd Fzk;
bfhz;lts;. fhyk; mwpe;J bray;gLths;.
fztDf;F gpoj;j ts;. midtiua[k; mjpf
ftdk; brYj;Jths;.
Nhpad; re;jpud;/ FU Mfpa fpuf';fs;
nrh;e;J epd;why; bja;t mUs; ,Uf;Fk;.
mHF epiwe;jts;. midthplj;jpy;
gphpakhf ,Ug;ghs;. FLk;gj;jpw;F Vw;w
!;jphp. ,y;ywk; Rfkhf ,Uf;Fk;. rfy
trjpfs; ,Uf;Fk;. cah;thd thH;f;if juk;
mika[k;.
Nhpad;/ re;jpud;/ Rf;ud; Mfpa fpuf';fs;
nrh;f;if bgw;W ,Ue;jhy; ,dpa FLk;g
Rfk; ,Uf;Fk;. ,U jhuk; ,Uf;Fk;.
FLk;gj;jpy; r"; ryk; epiwa ,Uf;Fk;.
Vfrpa neha;fs; ,Uf;Fk;. kdk;
tpUk;gpa ,y;ywk; miktJ fodk;. F#lk;
neha; ,Uf;Fk;. Nhpad;/ re;jpud;/ rdp
Mfpa fpuf';fs; epd;W ,Ue;jhy; ,uz;L/
\d;W kidtp mika[k;. fs;sf;fhjy; ,Uf;Fk;.
FLk;g Rfk; epk;kjp ,Uf;fhJ.
kidtpahy; Ma[s; g';fk; Vw;gLk;. bfl;l
Fzk;/ gpothjk;/ Kd;nfhgp/ t";rfpahf
,Ug;ghs;. Nhpad;/ re;jpud;/ uhF Mfpa
fpuf';fs; epd;W ,Ue;jhy; fglk;/
Nd;afhhp/ nga; Fzk; bfhz;lts;. gpwh;
Jd;gj;jpy; ,d;gk; fhz;gts;. vy;nyhiua[k;
fhYf;F fPH; vd epidg;gts;. mHF
bfl;lts;. jpkPh; bfhz;lts;. cly; KGtJk;
neha;fs; bfhz;lts;. fpHtp Kfk;/ Nhpad;/
re;jpud;/ nfJ Mfpa fpuf';fs; epd;W
,Ue;jhy; jPa Fzk; bfhz;lts;. nfhtpy;
Fyk; ehrk; bra;gts;. f#lk; bfhz;lts;.
njhy; neha; epiwe;jts;. mHF bfl;lts;.
igj;jpak; gpoj;jts;. gy jhuk; bfhz;lts;.
FLk;g Rfk; ,Uf;fhJ.
nkYk; FU re;jpud;/ FU/ brt;tha;/ FU
Rf;ud;/ FU g[jd;/ g[jd; Rf;ud;/ g[jd;
brt;tha;/ g[jd; re;jpud;/ re;jpud;
Rf;ud;/ re;jpud; brt;tha;/ re;jpud; nfJ
Mfpa fpuf';fs; VHhk; ghtj;jpy;
epd;why; Tl FLk;g Rfk; epk;kjpahf
,Uf;Fk;. kidtpahy; FLk;gj;jpy;
mikjpa[k; bry;t nrh;f;if/ bfsutk; X';fp
epw;Fk;. kw;wg;go ght fpuf';fs; rdp/
uhF/ nfJ epd;why; FLk;gj;jpy;
mt;tst[ mikjp ,Ug;gjpy;iy. tpUk;gpa
kdjpw;F gpoj;j kidtp miktJ ,y;iy.
7-k; ghtj;ij ghh;f;Fk; fpuf';fspd;
gyd;fs;.
VHhk; ghtj;ij fpuf';fs; ghh;g;gjhy;
kidtp mika[k; epiyfis gw;wp
ghh;g;nghk;. xd;Wf;F nkw;gl;l fpuf
ghh;it ,Ue;jhy; kidtpapd; Fzeyd;fs;
khwptpLk;. mjd;go Nhpad; ghh;it
,Ug;gpd; Kd; nfhgp/ mtrug;g[j;jp
,Uf;fk;. fLikahd Fzk;. mjpfhu Fzk;
,Uf;Fk;. vjw;Fk; Jzpe;jts;. mHF
espdk; ,Uf;fhJ.
re;jpud; ghh;it ,Ug;gpd; g[j;jpnfhshW
bfhz;lts;. vjw;Fnk gae;J rhFk; epiy.
epidj;jJ elf;fhJ. epiy/ bghWik/
nrhk;ngwp mHF epiwe;jts;. Fz;lhd
cly;/ Mnuhf;fpak; bfl;lts;.
brt;tha; ghh;it ,Ug;gpd; ,U jhuk;.
kidtpf;F mw;g Ma[s; fL ikahd Fzk;/
braw;if md;g[/ ,uf;fk; ,Uf;fhJ. Jnuhfp
fs;sf; fhjyp bfhz;lts;.
g[jd; ghh;it bgw;why; fy;tp/ ntof;if
tpnehj rpe;jidfs; bfhz;lts;. md;g[k;/
mHFk;/ fth;r@rp epiwe;jts; FLk;g Rfk;
epiwe;jts;. fiykfs; epiwe;jts;.
FU ghh;it bgw;why; bry;tk;. bry;thf;F
bfhz;lts;. ge;J $d';fs; tpUk;gpago
elg;ghs;. fztDf;F Vw;w md;g[ mlf;fk;
xGf;fk; bfhz;lts;. FLk;g Rfk;
epiwe;jts;. mHF epiwe;jts; Rf;ud;
ghh;it ,Ug;gpd; ,Ujhuk; ,Uf;Fk;. fhk
Rfk; ,Uf;Fk;. r";ryk; ,Uf;Fk;. re;njf kdk;
bfhz;lts;. vjw;Fk; tise;J bfhLg;gts;.
mw;g Ma[s; bfhz;lts;. yl;Rkp fuk;
bfhz;lts;.
rdp ghh;it ,Ug;gpd; ,U kidtp mikg;g[/
rjh f#;lkhd NH;epiy/ gpwh; kidtp
kzf;Fk; mikg;g[/ fglk;/ NJ epiwe;jts;.
Fy ehrk; bfhs;gts;. gpwkj fztDf;F
ml';fkhl;lhs;. FLk; gj;jpw;F f#lj;ij
jUgts;. fztid bfhiy bra;gts;. Ma[s;
Fiwt[ bfhz;lts;. r\f tpnuhjp. ght
fhhpak; bra;gts;.
nfJ ghh;it ,Ug;gpd; FLk; gj;ij bjUtpy;
tpl;LtpLths;. fztDf;F bfl;l vLj;J jUths;.
mgrFzk; bfhz;lts;. Jzpe;J bfl;lfhhpak;
bra;gts;. fs;sfhjy; ,Uf;Fk;. rhgk;
bgw;wts;.
7-k; ghthjpgjp nrh;f;if bgw;w fpuf
gyd;fs;.
VGf;Filatd; kw;w fpuf';fSld; nrh;e;J
kw;w ghtj;jpy; epd;w fpuf gyd;fs; go
Nhpad;/ re;jpud;/ brt;tha;/ g[jd;/ FU/
Rf;ud;/ rdp Mfpa fpuf';fspy; VjhtJ xU
fpuk; VGf;Filats; vd;W ,Uf;fyhk;. ,jpy;
Rgh;/ ghtp vd;W Tl ,Uf;fyhk;. Rgh; -
Rgh; fSld; nrh;f;if bgw;W nfe;jpu
jphpnfhzj;jpy; mike;J ,Ue;jhy; kidtp
bry;thf;F goj;jts;. Fztjp/ bja;t fgh#fk;
bfhz;lts; vd;W mwpayhk;. ghtp -
ghtpfSld; rk;ge;jk; bgw;W ,Ue;jhy;
\h;f;khd Fzk; bfl;l elj;ij/ ml';fh gplhhp/
jhpj;jpuk; bfhz;l ts; vd mwpayhk;.
Rgh; ghtp vd rk;ge;jk; Vw;gl;lhy; ,jpy;
ahh; mjpf gyk; bfhz;lts; vd mwpe;J
mjw;F Vw;w gyd;fs; mwpa ntz;Lk;.
xGf;fKilatd; jdpj;J epd;W ,Ue;jhy; Tl
me;j fpufk; Rgh; my;yJ ghtp vd;gij
bghWj;J jhd; me;j $hjfh;f;F kidtp
mika[k;. Rgh; mike;J tpl;lhy;
FLk;gj;jpw;F ve;jtpj ghjpg;g[ ,y;yhky;
FLk;g mikjpahf kidtp ey;y Fzj;njhL
mike;J tpLths;. ghtpfs; ,Ug; gpd;
r';fl';fs; njhd;W f#;l';fs; FiwahJ. ,itfs;
etk;rjpapy; Vw;w fpuf gyd;fs; khWgl;L
epw;Fk;. etk;rj;jpw;F Vw;wg;go
gyd;fs; vd;d vd;W ghh;g;nghk;.
etk;rk;go kidtp mika[k; epiy
etk;rj;jpy; jpUkzk;. jpUkzk; elf;Fk;
fhyk;. jpUkzk; mika[ tpjk;/ jpUkzk;
elf;Fk; jpir/ jpUkzk; epiy. kidtpahy;
tuf;Toa Rf';fs;. M!;jpdh; kidtpahy;
Vw;gLk; Rf';fs;. kidtpahy; cz;lhFk;
fz;l';fs;. kidtpapd; Fz';fs;.
kidtpapd; elj;ijfs;/ kidtpapd; FLk;gj;ij
gw;wp ghh;f;f Koa[k;. mjd;go
$hjfj;jpy; uhrp kz;lgj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk; 7-
f;Filatd; etk; rj;jpy; Rgh; tPl;oy;
epd;W ,Ue;J Rgh;fSld; rk;ge;jk;
Vw;gl;L ,Ue;jhy; kidtpahy; M!;jp
brhj;Jf;fs;/ Fztjp bja;t mUs; epiwe;j
kidtpahf mikahths;. uhrpapy; ghtpahf
,Ue;J etk;rj;jpy; Rgh; tPl;oy; epd;W
Rgh;fSld; nrh;e;J ,Ue;jhy; Rgfpufj;jpd;
Fzk; eyd; mika[k;. uhrpapy;
ghtpfshf ,Ue;J etk;rj;jpYk; ghtpfspd;
tPl;oy; epd;W ,Ue;J ghtpfSld; rk;ge;jk;
Vw;gl;L ,Ue;jhy; mth;f;Fk; mika[k;.
kidtp gw;wp brhy;ynt ntz;lhk; midj;J
bfl;l Fz';fs; epiwe;jts;. jhpj;jpuk;
bfhz;lts;. FLk;gj;ija[k;/ Fyj;ija[k; ehrk;
bra;J tpLths;.
Rgh; ghtpfspd; epiyia bghWj;J jhd;
xUth;f;F vg;gog;gl;l kidtp mikaf; TLk;
vd bjhpe;J bfhs;sKoa[k;. mjd;go Rgh;
ghtp Mfpa fpuf';fspd; jd; ikf;F
Vw;wg;go fpuf typikia bghWj;J kidtp
mikaf;TLk;.
jhuhs gztut[ ahUf;F>
KUF ghyKUfd;/
eP.1 Kjy; jsk;/ b$kpdp ghh;rd; fkh;rpay; fhk;gpsf;!;/
1.nfhlk;ghf;fk; beL";rhiy/ brd;id-6.

gzk; jhuhskhf ,Uf;f vd;d nahfk;

,Uf;fntz;Lk; vd ghh;j; jhy;†n$hjpl
hPjpahf jdfhufd; vd th;zpf;fg;gLk; FU
gfthd; bghJthf rhjfkhf ,Ue;jhy;jhd;
Vw;wk; cah;t[ cz;lhfpwJ. b$d;k
yf;fpdj;jpw;F 2-k; tPl;il jd!; jhdk; vd
TWfpnwhk;. jd!;jhdhjp gjp tYg;bgw;W
,Ue;jhy;jhd; jd hPjpahf nkd;ikia
re;jpf;f Koa[k;.
b$d;k yf;fpdj;jpw;F 2-k; tPl;oy; mjpgjp
nfe;jpu jphpnfhz !;jhdj;jpy; mikag;
bgw;why; ed;;ik cz;lhfpwJ.
jd!;jhdhjpgjp 6/7/8-y; kiwahky; ePr
tPl;oy; mikag;bgwhky; ,Ue;jhy;
cah;t[ cz;lhFk;. jd fhufd; FU gfthd; tY
bgw;W ,Ue;jhy; vy;yh tifapYk; Vw;wk;
cah;t[ cz;lhFk;.
FU 6/8/12-y; mikag; bgw;wpUe;jhYk;
ePrk; bgw;W ,Ue;jhYk; gy;ntW r';flj;ij
re;jpf;f nehpLfpwJ. jd!;jhdhjpgjp
my;yJ FU gfthd; ghjf!;jhdk; vd
th;zpf;fg;gLk; yf;fpdj;jpw;F 11-
Yk; !;jpu yf;fpdj;jpw;F 9-Yk; cga
yf;fpdj;jpw;F 7-Yk; mikag;bgw;whYk;
vt;tst[ gzk; te;jhYk; mJ tPz; brythf
bry;Yk; mikg;g[ bryt[fs; fl;Lf;Fs; ,y;yhj
NH;epiy nrkpg;g[ ,y;yhj NH;epiy
cz;lhfpwJ.
jdfhufd; FUt[k; !;jhdhjp gjpa[k;
ehd;fhk; tPl;od; mjpgjpa[ld;
bjhlh;g[ bgw;W tYg;bgw;W ,Ue;jhy;
mirahj; brhj;J gy nrh;f;if cz;lhFk;/
mikg;g[ Vw;wk; cah;t[k; cz;lhFk;.
jd!;jhdhjpgjp 4/ 9/ 10/ 11-f;F
mjpgjpa[ld; bjhlh;g[bfhz;L tYg;
bgw;W mikag; bgw;whYk; thH;tpy;
kpfg;bghpa cah;t[ cz;lhFk;.
b$d;k yf;fpdj;jpw;F 2-k; tPl;oy;
Rgfpufk; mikag; bgw;whYk; 2-y;
Nhpad; rdp uhF nfJ brt;tha; nghd;w
ghtpfs; mikag; bgwhky; ,Ue;jhYk;
ey;y Vw;wkhd NH;epiy cz;lhfpwJ.
2-k; tPl;od; mjpgjp tYg;bgWtJ kl;Lk;
,y;yhky; b$dd $hjfj;jpy; tYg;bgw;w
fpufj;jpd; jpir g[j;jpfhyk; te;jhy;jhd;
thH; tpy; Vw;wk; cah;t[ cz;lhfpwJ.
2-k; mjpgjp tY ,He;J (ePrk;) ,Ue;jhYk;
mk;rj;jpy; cr@rk; bgw;why;
mw;g[jkhd thH;t[ cz;lhfpwJ. FU
jd!;jhdhjpgjp uhrpapy; cr@rk; bgw;W
mk;rj;jpy; ePrk; bgw;W ,Ue;jhy;
bry;te;juhf ,Ue;jhYk; vjph;ghuhj
tifapy; gy;ntW ,Hg;g[fs; cz;lhfpwJ.
2-k; mjpgjp 6/8/12-f;F mjpgjpa[k;
bjhlh;g[ bgw;W ghpth;jid bgw;W
,Ue;jhYk; bry;tk; vt;tst[ ,Ue;jhYk; mjid
fhg;ghw;w Koahj NH;epiy Vw;gLk;.