Name : Ahmad Shazwan Shahmi bin Suhaimi

Class : 4 Batani
Teachers Name : Pn Suliana

BACKGROUND

Brazil is the largest country in South America and Latin America. It is the world's fifth largest
country, both by geographical area and population. It is the largest lusophone country in the
world, and the only one in the Americas.
Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a coastline of 7,491 km (4,655 mi). It is
bordered on the north by Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and theFrench overseas region of French
Guiana; on the northwest by Colombia; on the west by Bolivia and Peru; on the southwest
by Argentina and Paraguay and on the south by Uruguay. Numerous archipelagos form part of
Brazilian territory, such as Fernando de Noronha, Rocas Atoll, Saint Peter and Paul Rocks,
and Trindade and Martim Vaz. It borders all other South American countries
except Ecuador and Chile and occupies 47 percent of the continent of South America.
Brazil was inhabited by numerous tribal nations prior to the landing of explorer Pedro lvares
Cabral in 1500, who claimed the area for Portugal. Brazil remained a Portuguese colony until
1808, when the capital of the Portuguese Empire was transferred from Lisbon to Rio de
Janeiro after French forces led by EmperorNapoleon Bonaparte invaded Portugal. In 1815, it was
elevated to the rank of kingdom upon the formation of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil
and the Algarves.
Its independence was achieved in 1822 with the creation of the Empire of Brazil, a unitary state
governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system. The country became a
presidential republic in 1889, when a military coup d'tat proclaimed the Republic, although the
bicameral legislature, now calledCongress, dates back to the ratification of the first constitution
in 1824. An authoritarian military junta led the nation from 1964 until 1985. Brazil's
currentConstitution, formulated in 1988, defines it as a federal republic. The Federation is
composed of the union of the Federal District, the 26 states, and the 5,564municipalities.
The Brazilian economy is the world's seventh largest by nominal GDP and the seventh largest by
purchasing power parity, as of 2012. A member of the BRICgroup, Brazil has one of the world's
fastest growing major economies, with its economic reforms giving the country new
international recognition and influence. Brazil's national development bank (BNDES) plays an
important role for the country's economic growth. Brazil is a founding member of the United
Nations, the G20, CPLP, Latin Union, the Organization of Ibero-American States,
the Organization of American States, Mercosul and the Union of South American Nations. Brazil
is one of 17 megadiverse countries, home to a variety of wildlife, natural environments, and
extensive natural resources in a variety of protected habitats. Brazil is a regional power in Latin
America and a middle power in international affairs, with some analysts identifying it as
an emerging global power. Brazil has been the world's largest producer of coffee for the last 150
years.






BRAZIL WEDDING TRADITIONS

Brazil customs
The South American country of Brazil features a host of traditions and customs within its
culture. For Brazilian brides, these traditions lead to extravagant, fun-filled weddings.
Preparations
Bridesmaids and groomsmen are chosen months before the time of the wedding. Those
selected consist of couples paired off at the altar, usually three men and three women for the
brides side and more three men and three women for the grooms side. The groom arrives at
the wedding ceremony location first. The bride comes to the location, usually a church, at
least 10 minutes after the grooms arrival. The two should not see each other before the
ceremony, however, as it is believed this will bring bad luck.
In a military officer's wedding, the roles of groomsmen are replaced by swordsmen of the
sword honor guard. They are usually picked as close personal friends of the groom who have
served with him. Their role includes forming the traditional saber arch for the married couple
and guests to walk through.
Some time before the wedding, usually about one month, either the bride, or her best friends,
organizes a kitchen shower (wedding shower) with the purpose of giving the bride an
intimate reunion with her closest friends. This party used to be a girls-only event, and was
usually a small intimate party. Nowadays not only have the parties gotten bigger, but they
also have started to admit men to the event. The person that is invited to this kind of party
usually gives the bride something for her kitchen; hence the name kitchen shower, and not
wedding shower.
The wedding ceremony and party are usually paid by the wifes family, although this is a
tradition that is not always followed, understandably because of the high costs involved.
Ceremony
Brazilian wedding ceremonies normally follow Christian traditions closely. The bride and
groom recite wedding vows to each other after a prayer is read. Then the bride and groom
exchange wedding rings. These rings are usually engraved with the name of the groom on
the brides ring and the name of the bride on the grooms ring.
After the religious ceremony, the newlyweds usually throw a big party were they receive the
compliments from all the guests. The party usually happens in a different place, a private
party house that in Brazil is called a ceremonial. A lot of singing and dancing goes on
usually after the couple dances a Waltz.
Reception
Receptions for Brazilian weddings involve food, drinks and music. The married couple gives
gifts to their parents, while the parents bestow a number of gifts upon the couple.
Another unique thing about the weddings in Brazil is a sweet called bem casado (well
married), which is normally given to the guests on their way out. It is considered to bring
good luck to the couple. Usually towards the end of the party or before the married couple
leaves, the bride throws her flower bouquet to her unmarried friends. The belief is that
whoever catches the bouquet will be the next one to marry. One other tradition for offering
fortune to the couple is for the brides friends is to write their names on the inner part of the
brides dress. This is also said to help the unmarried brides friends to find a husband for
them.
The Brazilian culture is very rich with its numerous traditions, celebrations, and in many cases
superstitions. Wedding celebrations are definitely inserted in this context. This is considered a
festive event for the Brazilian society and thus it is usually celebrated with a lot of music, dances
and overall happiness.






BRAZIL DANCES

Samba (Brazilian Dance)
Samba is a lively, rhythmical dance of Brazilian origin in 2/4 time danced under the Samba
music. However, there are three steps to every bar, making the Samba feel like a 3/4 timed
dance. Its origins include the Maxixe.
The Samba music rhythm has been danced in Brazil since its inception in the late 19th century.
There is actually a set of dances, rather than a single dance, that define the Samba dancing scene
in Brazil; thus, no one dance can be claimed with certainty as the "original" Samba style.
Another major stream of the Samba dance besides the Brazilian Samba dancing styles
is Ballroom Samba which differs significantly. This style is done with a partner in closed hold or
open positions including but not limited to hand to hand hold, or side by side positions.

Samba no pe :
Samba no p is a solo dance that is most often danced impromptu when samba music is played.
The basic movement involves a straight body and a bending of one knee at a time. The feet move
very slightly - only a few inches at a time. The rhythm is 2/4, with 3 steps per measure. It can be
thought of as a step-ball-change. It can be described calling it and-a-one, and-a-two, then back to
one. The basic movement is the same to either side, where one foot moves to the outside lifting
up just before the first beat (i.e. the right leg moves slightly to the right) and leg is kept as
straight as a pole. The other foot moves slightly towards the front, and closer to the first foot.
The second leg bends lightly at the knee so that the left side of the hip lowers and the right side
appears to move higher. The weight is shifted to this inside foot briefly for the next "and-a", then
shifted back to the outside foot on the "two", and the same series of actions is repeated towards
the other side.
The dance simply follows the beat of the music and can go from average pace to very fast. Men
dance with the whole foot on the ground while women, often wearing heels, dance just on the
balls of the foot. Professionals may change the steps slightly, taking 4 steps per measure instead
of 3, and often add various arm movements depending on the mood of the music.
There are also regional forms of the dance in Brazil where the essential steps are the same, but
because of a change in the accent of the music people will dance similar movements to the
slightly changed accents. For instance, in Bahia the girls tend to dance tilting their legs towards
the outside instead of keeping their knees close to each other as in Rio de Janeiro.
This is the type of Samba one sees in the Brazilian Carnival parades and in other
Samba carnivals over the world. This is also one of the most popular sambas.

Samba de Gafiera :
Samba de Gafieira is a partner dance considerably different from the Ballroom Samba. It
appeared in the 1940s and it gets its name from the gafieira, popular urban nightclubs of Rio de
Janeiro at that time.
The dance derived from the Maxixe and followed the arrival of the Choro (another samba
musical style). It left most of the Maxixe's Polka elements behind but maintained the entwined
leg movements of the Argentine tango, although adopting a more relaxed posture than the latter.
Many see this form of Samba as a combination of Waltz and Tango. Several Brazilian dance
studios use elements and techniques from these two dances to teach Samba de Gafieira steps and
dance routines.
The steps are done on a short-short-long (quick-quick-slow) tempo and the basic step motion
goes as follows:
step - replace - forward (long)
step - replace - backwards (long)
From its inception to nowadays the Samba de Gafieira has incorporated many acrobatic
movements and has evolved to become today's most complex dancing style of Samba in Brazil.


BRAZIL FOODS AND DRINKS

Abar :

Abar uses the same dough, made from black-eyed peas, as acaraj, the only
difference is that the abar is steamed, while acaraj is fried.
Aberm :

A typical cuisine of Bahia, Aberm is a cookie of African-Brazilian origin,
made from corn or rice that is stone ground, macerated in water, salted and
cooked in dried banana leaves.
Acaraj :

Made from peeled black-eyed peas formed into a ball and then deep-fried in
dend (palm oil). It is found in Brazilian cuisine and Nigerian cuisine.
The dish is traditionally encountered in Brazil's northeastern state of Bahia,
especially in the city of Salvador, often as a street food.
Aca :

A steamed porridge of coconut milk and rice flour
Arabu :

A typical Brazilian dish consisting of raw (or slightly cooked) turtle eggs,
accompanied by cassava flour and seasoned with some salt.
Arrumadinho
:

Made with cassava or jerky, farofa, vinaigrette, green beans and seasoned with
clarified butter
Bauru :

A popular Brazilian sandwich. The traditional recipe calls for cheese
(usually mozzarella) melted in a bain-marie, slices of roast beef, tomatoand
pickled cucumber in a French bun with the crumb (the soft inner part)
removed.
Beijinho :

Beijinho is a typical Brazilian birthday party candy prepared with condensed
milk and grated desiccated coconut or milk powder. It's the coconut version of
the Brazilian brigadeiro. When rolled, it can be covered with granulated sugar
or grated coconut.Traditionally a single dried clove is stuck in the top of the
candy.
Beiju ouTapi
oca:

A Brazilian delicacy made with the starch extracted from cassava, also known
as tapioca starch, tapioca, dry gum, tapioca or cassava starch. This is cooked
on a griddle or skillet into a type of pancake or crepe dry in a half-moon shape
(or disk, in some regions).The filling varies, but the most traditional one is
made with coconut and cheese.
Bolacha sete-
capas :

Composed of seven thin layers of a dough consisting of wheat flour,
coconut milk, butter or margarine and hydrogenated vegetable fat.
Bolinho :

Varieties include bolinho de bacalhau, bolinho de chuva, bolinho caipira,
cheese balls,student cake and manioc cake.









BRAZIL TRADITIONAL CUSTOM



Brazil is a fascinating country, especially in terms of its rich culture, history and heritage. The
following customs and features are part of its diverse culture:
The communication style of Brazilian locals is usually relaxed and fairly informal.

During a conversation, it is not uncommon to be interrupted, as this is not perceived as
being rude.

Brazilians are quite direct in their manner of speaking as well as in what they say.

When communicating, locals will often touch one another lightly and stand close
together. This applies even when two women are talking, or when a man and woman are
in conversation. Do not mistake this for flirtation or inappropriate behaviour.

People working in service provision (such as construction workers, nurses and house
cleaners) will often avoid eye contact with those perceived to be above them in social
status. Colleagues and friends will, however, usually maintain direct eye contact.

Making brief eye contact with strangers is acceptable and commonplace.

Punctuality is not generally strictly adhered to. However, those in corporate situations
do, generally, try to maintain good time-keeping. As a visitor to the country, you should
definitely stick to meeting times out of respect.

A close friendship is indicated by rubbing the two index fingers together.

Thumbs up indicates approval, while thumbs down represents unhappiness and
disapproval.
Sucking your thumb indicates a feeling of being left out.

Sticking your thumb between your middle and index finger (which is usually considered
to be a rude gesture in North America, South Africa, Australia and Europe) is a symbol of
wishing someone good luck in Brazil.

Women are generally expected to take care of all household chores.

The legal drinking and smoking age is 18 years.

Being in possession of a small quantity of drugs as a local generally results in a small
fine. However, being in possession as a foreigner is likely to lead to deportment and / or
time in prison.

Brazilians are generally well dressed and neat.

Corporate women should have manicured hands.

In a work-related environment, it is not acceptable to wear jeans.

If you do not know the marital state or academic qualification of the person to whom
you are speaking, refer to them by the same title that they used to addressed you (that is,
if they called you Mr or Ms, use the same gender-appropriate title to refer to them).

Hand business contacts your business card when you are introduced to them.

If you are going to Brazil on business, have a batch of business cards printed in English
with Portuguese on the back. Then, present these cards to locals with the Portuguese side
facing up.
Corporate meetings are almost always preceded by plenty of small talk, as Brazilians
tend to deal with those in whom they trust (and, therefore, know to some degree).

Brazilians are not generally confrontational, so take a calm, friendly approach when
dealing with them in business.


BRAZIL MUSIC AND SONGS
Brazil has an ancient history, one that is complex and intricate. This has created a deep sense of
culture and heritage as an array of traditions, customs, colours, languages and religious
denominations have settled in this South American nation. Music, song and danceremain an
integral part of the identity of a society. Even the most primitive of tribes tend to establish their
own sort of musical culture. As different people set up home throughout Brazil, each brought
with them and developed their own unique style of song and music. With time, these different
styles have evolved somewhat. Some have remained distinct and unique, while others have
influenced modern music and performance to a certain degree. This has created a characteristic
sound for Brazil.
Although the native Amerindians that once occupied the jungles of South America had already
established their own styles of music, the European settlers formalised these as they began to
introduce formal musical instruments, as well as foreign languages (predominantly Portuguese).
From the time of European occupation in the 16th century onwards, the music of Brazil took on a
particularly European identity. In addition, these settlers brought in huge numbers of African
people to work for them as slaves. These ones had an established tribal style, which also began to
influence the Brazilian music identity significantly.
Today, Brazilian music is a complex integration of traditional folk music, modern
experimentalism and just about everything in-between. In terms of classical music, some of the
modern composers include Slvio Ferraz, Ronaldo Miranda, and Jailton de Oliveira. The national
orchestras are internationally renowned for their skill and expertise.
Some of the other significant styles and types of music include:

Capoeira this traditional sport is never played without being accompanied by music, and is
rhythmical and choreographed in nature. Both the sport and the music have very distinct roots in
the African culture and originated from when African slaves were brought over to Brazil by the
Europeans. These songs are usually about well-loved teachers or the actual history of Capoeira.

Carimbo this originates in Eastern Amazonia and now dominates the area. In the 1960s, an
electrical element was introduced to it, creating a cutting-edge sound for the era. Thereafter,
musicians manipulated it to include other sounds, such as reggae and salsa. As it evolved in this
way, it became known as Lambada. When Lambada moved to Bahia, the local producers based it
upon synthesized sounds, adding a light beat.

Choro or Chorinho this style of music is instrumental, and was born out of the cultural hub
of Rio de Janeiro in the 1800s. It was first played using a flute, guitar and cavaquinho (a
chordophone). Ernesto Nazareth was one of Brazils best known choro publishers, and his works
included polkas, waltzes, Brazilian Tangos and more.

Samba this was popular amongst the masses and played widely on the radio during a time
when the radio was becoming widely known and loved in Brazil. Tambourines, flutes, guitars
and cuicas were the perfect instruments to create an appropriate Samba vibe.
Of course, musical genres, such as rock, heavy metal and pop music, are also found in Brazil and
are enjoyed by niche markets and, sometimes, the masses too.


MY OPINION ABOUT THE CULTURE
From my opinion Brazil is the biggest and most beautiful country in South America. It have the
biggest rain forest and the biggest river the Amazon in the world, one of the most modern capital
Brasilia. It have one the most beautiful city in the world, Rio Janerio. It have the best carnival in
the world. It is one the most multicultural country in the in world, a melting pot of races,
europeans, asians, spanish, whites, blacks. The official language is portuguese but you can hear
english ,spanish, german, chinese, criollo and a lot more. It have the most beautiful biggest
beaches in South America, the biggest snake in the world, anaconda, boa and there are lot more
about Brazil. Its cultures are very unique in various ways.