SPECIAL FEATURE -COMMUNICATIONS 1975

THE MAGAZINE FOR NEW IDEAS IN EL

3 UNIQUE DIGITAL CLOCKS

You Can Build Them All
CB EQUIPMENT ROUNDUP

What's New - What's Happening

INSTALLING CB ANTENNAS
In RV Vehicles

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Replacement Transistor Guide

Step -By -Step Troubleshooting Charts
R -E's

www.americanradiohistory.com

Ft: ILICTISIICI

Precision Tuner Service

ALABAMA:

CALIFORNIA
NORTH:

CALIFORNIA-

FLORIDA-NORTH

COLORADO:

',ACRAMENTO
95841

CALIF

2652

TEL

A16

'

:2 -6220

FLORIDA -SOUTH:

now available near you

HOME OFFICE

SOUTH:

INDIANA:

16'1 AUBURN BLVD

SOUTH
ALA 35222

'.1

Ir :;1Timi

1918 BLANDING BLAS

JACKSONVILLE

5'11 UNIVERSITY AVE.

4958 ALLISON

SAN DIEGO, CALIF 92105

TEL 714 280 -7070

ARVADA.COLO.80001
TEL 303.423 -7080

ST

32210
TEL. 904, 389 -9952
FLA

5233 A rILS' LBLOOMINGTCN

INDIANA 47401
TEL 812 824 -9331

12934 NW 7 TH AVE
MIAMI. FLA 33168
TEL

305.685 -9811

KANSAS:
3116 MERRIAM LANE
KANSAS CITY

KANSAS 66100
TEL 913 831 -1222

TEXAS -EAST:

LOUISIANA:
2914 WYTCHW00D
METAIRIE
LOUISIANA 70033

4324 -26 TELEPHONE RD

HOUSTON TEX 77032
TEL 713 644 -6793

fl iul

NEW l'TS PRODUCTS

TEXAS -NORTH:
MOPAC LANE
LONGVIEW. TEX. 75601
TEL 214 753 -4334

TEL 901

365-1918

PENNSYLVANIA-

.. PTS 4001

PORT-.N-ANALYST .. STOP.. NOT JUST A St IBBER-

MARYLAND:

82 (:I1ANNICI.S OF HIGH GAIN RECEPTION .. STOP,

UIIP ,ANI) VI IF
STOP.. I 'SE AS AN ANALYST

1105 SPRING ST

SILVER SPRING
MD 20910

PORT-:A -TI 'NUR .. STOP.. CONIPLETELY

S.Ni-E .. STOP .. ELECTRICALLY ISOLATED..
115V :\C IttV DC .. STOP..
(112

TEL

.. $59.95..
..

301. 565.0025

MASSACHUSETTS:

SEE YOUR DISTRIBUTOR OR

191 CHESTNUT ST
SPRINGFIELD.
MASS 01103
TF! -113. 734 -2737

\\'RITE THE PTS SERVICE

(:ENTER NEAR YOU FOR
MORE INFORMATION

'

..STOP.
PTS ELEN.

WEST:

585:3 -19

.. -iii C:\1)11.1,: \C OF ALI. ANALYZERS .. STOP .. I'TS 4001 GIVES

TENNESSEE:
3614 LAMAR AVENUE
MEMPHIS,
TENNESSEE 38118

... STOP

DRIVE

musr

MICHIGAN:

257 RIVERVIEW AVE W.

PITTSBURGH. PA. 15202
TEL 412 761 -7648

13709 W 8 MILE RD
DETROIT. MICH. 48235
TEL 313, 862 -1783

PENNSYLVANIA-

MINNESOTA:

EAST:

815 LAKE ST
MINNEAPOLIS.
MINN 55408
TEL 612. 824 -2333

1921 S. 70TH ST
PHILADELPHIA. PA 19142
TEL 215 721-0999

OREGON:
5220 E. SANDY BLVD.
PORTLAND.
OREGON 97213
TEL. 503. 282 -9636

OKLAHOMA:
3007 N. MAY
OKLAHOMA CITY
OKLA 73106
TEL. 405. 947 -2013

OHIO -SOUTH:

OHIO -NORTH:

NORTH CAROUNA:

JS TUNER SERVICE
CINCINNATI. OHIO 45215
TEL 513 821 -2298

5682 STATE RD.

CLEVELAND. OHIO 44134
TEL 216. 845 -4480

724 SIEGLE AVE

CHARLOTTE, N
28205
TEL. 704. 332 -8007

NEW JERSEY
NEW YORK CITY:

NEW YORK:
993 SYCAMORE ST

158 MARKET ST.

E. PATERSON NJ. 07407
TEL 201. 791 -6380

BUFFALO. N.Y
TEL 716. 891 :

'42'2

MISSOURI:
8456 PAGE BLVD
ST LOUIS. MO 63130
TEL 314 428 -1299

LET US TAKE CARE OF YOUR TUNER PROBLEMS...

PTS

will repair

any tuner

-no

electronically tuned -UHF.

.
1,

2.

3.
4.
5.

Fast
We

&

white or color -transistor or tubes -varactor or

..THIS IS THE SERVICE WE OFFER:

-8

-in

Fastest Service
hour
and out the same day. Overnight transit to one of our strategically located
plants.
Best Quality -Your customers are satisfied and you are not bothered with returning tuners for rework.
PTS uses only ORIGINAL PARTS! No homemade or make-do, inferior merchandise (this is why we charge for
major parts!). You get your tuner back in ORIGINAL EQUIPMENT condition.
PTS is recommended by more TV Manufacturers than any other tuner company.
PTS is overhauling more tuners than all other tuner services combined.

VHF. UHF
UV -COMBO

O hr. Service!

IF- SUBCHASS IS

offer you finer, taster...

Precision /71
Tuner Service

..

matter how old or new-black

service is a must!

8 hour

YEAR GUARANTEE

Major parts and shipping

charged at cost.
(Dealer net!)
Over

ments

4000 exact tuner replaceavailable for $14.95 up

(new or rebuilt).

ELECTRONICS, INC....
...Number ONE and

Circle I on reader service card

www.americanradiohistory.com

still trying harder!

(Not

$10.95
17.95
12.50

Franchise Company)

Jim is one of the busiest antenna installers in Pennsylvania.

He does work for 17 major appliance dealers. But the bulk
of his antenna sales come from his own advertising, yellow page
listings and word -of -mouth recommendations from

satisfied customers.

JERROLD

a GENERAL INSTRUMENT company

Jim doesn't try to be the cheapest
only the best.
He stresses quality of workmanship plus quality of materials.
With this philosophy and a lot of hard work, Action Sales has doubled
sales volume each of the four years since Jim started the business.

"My reputation means everything to me," says Jim. 'That's why

I'm so delighted with the performance and durability of the Jerrold
Super VU- Finder line. My customers aren't much interested in
the technical specifications. But, they do want excellent color
quality without interference and no problems from their antenna.
And that's what Super VU- Finder delivers."
For more information on the Super VU- Finder line,
contact your local Jerrold Distrubutor or ...
JERROLD ELECTRONICS CORPORATION
Distributor Sales Division
P.O. Box 350
200 Witmer Road, Horsham, Pa. 19044

'

THE JERROLD
SUPER
VU-FINDER.
IS THE FINEST

ANTENNA
EVER BUILT!

tir

SAYS JIM WELLENER

ACTION SALES
FEASTERVILLE, PA.

1974 Jerrold Electronics, Inc

Circle

on reader service card

Our U"and you.

Every Shure phono cartridge comes equipped with its own "U" Factor. The
tough quality
"U" stands for uniformity in rigid production standards
control . . . and satisfying listening pleasure. By maintaining these high
standards in every phase of engineering, production, and inspection, Shure
provides a better cartridge
over, and over, and over. And, with routine
maintenance, your Shure cartridge will continue to perform at the published
specifications. You may not see the U Factor, but you'll always hear it.

...

...

Shure Brothers Inc.

222 Hartrey Ave., Evanston, IL 60204
In Canada: A. C. Simmonds & Sons Limited

as

SHURE

Manufacturers of high fidelity components, microphones, sound systems and related circuitry.
Circle 3 on reader service card

Radio-Electronics
THE MAGAZINE FOR NEW IDEAS IN ELECTRONICS
More than 65 years of electronics publishing

CB

40

COMMUNICATIONS
40

JANUARY 1975

CB Equipment Roundup

What's new-What's happening in CB gear.

by Herb Friedman

Vol. 46 No.

ON THE COVER
Easy -to -build unit lets you explore this
exciting field. Perhaps you can tune up

New CB Rules Proposal

The new rules could have a far reaching effect
on the future of CB radio. Read the proposals
and an expert's opinion of the effects.

your brain and increase your capabilities.

... see

page 33

by Jack Helmi
50

Installing CB Antennas
More and more people are using CB radio in
their recreational vehicles. But installation can
be tricky. See how to do it right. by Karl Kopetzky

BUILD ONE

33

OF THESE
43

47

HI -FI

AUDIO
STEREO
GENERAL
ELECTRONICS

26

28
59

62

68

TELEVISION

25
71

78

78

Build A Brainwave Monitor

Here's an Alpha detector that is both inexpensive
and effective. by Mark Ehren
Three Unique Digital Clocks
Numitrons, LED's for your desk and 31/2 -inch
high digits in a "different" wall clock.
by Charles Caringella & Mike Robbins
40 COSMOS IC Projects
The concluding part of this series describes
more COSMOS IC projects you'll want to build.
by R. M. Marston

Equipment Report
Schober TR -3 power amplifier.

Looking Ahead
Tomorrow's news today. by David Lachenbruch
Appliance Clinic
Inside the electric coffeepot. by Jack Darr
State Of Solid -State
New series of articles to keep you up to date
on the very latest developments in the field
of solid -state electronics. by Karl Savon
Technical Topics
R -E's Technical Editor reports on new circuits
of interest to our readers. by Robert F. Scott
R -E's Transistor Replacement Directory
Another group of transistors and their replacements. compiled by Elizabeth & Robert F. Scott
Equipment Report
Leader LCG -391 color -bar pattern generator.
Step By Step TV Troubleshooters Guide
Good luminance, no color. by Stan Prentiss
Service Clinic
Part II: How to fix the orphan amplifier.
by Jack Darr
Reader Questions
R -E's service editor solves reader problems.

GIANT WALL CLOCK is one of three unique

digital clocks that you can build. The story
starts on page 43.
Hugo Gernsback (1884 -1967) founder
M. Harvey Gernsback
editor -in -chief and publisher
Larry Steckler, CET, editor
Robert F. Scott, W2PWG, CET,

technical editor
Arthur Kleiman, associate editor
Jack Darr, CET service editor
I. Queen, editorial associate
Leonard Feldman
contributing high -fidelity editor
David Lachenbruch, contributing editor
Karl Savon, semiconductor editor
Barbara Schwartz, editorial assistant
Vincent P. Cicenia, production manager
Sarah Martin, production assistant
Harriet I. Matysko, circulation director
Arline R. Bailey, advertising coordinator
Advertising Sales Offices, see page 108
Cover photograph by Walter Herstatt
Cover design by Louis G. Rubsamen

Radio -Electronics is indexed in Applied Science & Technology Index

and Readers Guide to Periodical
Literature.
Radio -Electronics, Published monthly by Gemsback Publications, Inc., 200 Park Avenue South,
New York City 10003. Phone: 212 -777-6400. Second -class postage paid at New York, N.Y. and
additional mailing offices. One -year subscription
rate: U.S.A., U.S. possessions and Canada, $8.75.
Pan -American countries, $10.25. Other countries,
$10.75. Single copies 75c. 1974 by Gernsback
Publications, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed
in U.S.A.

Subscription Service: Mail all subscription orders,

changes, correspondence and Postmaster Notices
of undelivered copies (Form 3579) to Radio Electronics Subscription Service, Boulder, CO
80302.

DEPARTMENTS

108
97
90
16
6

Advertising Index
Books
Circuits
Letters
New & Timely

88
86
91

111
49

New Literature
New Products
Next Month
Reader Service Card

Service Questions

stamped self- addressed envelope must accompany all submitted manuscripts and /or artwork or photographs if their return is desired
should they be rejected. We disclaim any responsibility for the loss or damage of manuscripts
and /or artwork or photographs while in our
possession or otherwise.
A

a service to readers, Radio- Electronics

publishes available plans or Information relating to newsworthy products, techniques and scientific and
technological developments. Because of possible variances in the quality and condition of materials and workmanship used by readers, Radio -Electronics
disclaims any responsibility for the sate and proper functioning of reader-built projects based upon or from plans or information published in this magazine.

As

looking ahead
tern, which it says is simpler

Videodisc treaty
Prospects for compatibility
among videodisc playback
systems have improved as the
result of an agreement of the

two leading proponents of

laser- optical readout to bring
their systems into compatibility. The Netherlands-based
worldwide electronics firm N.
V. Philips and the American
show -business giant MCA Inc.,
have signed a pact to assure
interchangeability of discs between the VLP and Disco -

Vision systems. Both techniques use transparent discs

backed by a layer of reflective material. Philips has
agreed to discard its rigid
disc and adopt the thin, flexible record developed by
MCA.
The agreement also should
mean a large amount of recorded video programming
will be available for the combined optical system from the
outset. One of the prizes in
MCA -Philips treaty is MCA's
huge library of program material -said to number up to
11,000 selections, most of
them originally theatrical films
owned by MCA's subsidiary
Universal Pictures. At press
time, Philips and MCA were
deeply involved in negotiations with proprietors of a

third

optical system -the

French electronics firm Thom son-CSF-to bring it into the

agreement. This may pose a
more difficult problem, since
Thomson's system uses a
transparent disc without the
reflective backing (the laser
beam "stylus" shines through
the record to a photosensitive
pickup on the other side, instead of being reflected as in
the Philips -MCA system). In
the U.S., Zenith has been developing a videodisc system
using the Thomson -CSF principles and has also been involved in the standardization
talks.
But even a tripartite agreement wouldn't assure compatibility among videodisc systems. RCA is going ahead
with its capacitance disc sys-

and less expensive than the

optical approach, and a joint
subsidiary of Germany's Telefunken and Britain's Decca
says it still plans to market its
mechanical disc system in
Europe during 1975. Unlike
the other systems, the TeD
mechanical system doesn't
eighthave LP capability
inch discs have 10 minutes
playing time.
The merger of the optical
systems will mean another

-its

delay in bringing them to

market. Philips and MCA had
both been promising production in late 1975, marketing
in early 1976. With the modification of the systems, these
plans could be stretched out
another year. RCA hopes that
this will give it a one -year lead
on the American market, for it
still plans to start production
toward the end of 1975. However, all plans could change
on a moment's notice, as they
have for the last five years in
the home videoplayer field.

Picture IC
A TV display panel corn posed of one giant integrated
circuit is under development
by Westinghouse Research
Laboratories. The panel is
made of glass covered by a
phosphor layer and a layer of
thin -film transistor circuits.
The phosphor glows when activated by pinpoint subcircuits. Westinghouse has built
a prototype six inches square,
with 240 rows and columns,
giving 20 lines per inch reso-

lution -and containing the

equivalent of 36,000 components. Thin -film circuits, according to Westinghouse scientists, constitute a major advance toward flat television
screens, since they permit for
the first time, an infinitely variable grey or color scale
achieved by varying the brightness of each picture element,
as well as independent operation of each picture element
without activating other elements in the same row or
column.

Much work remains to be

done before a panel can be
developed with the high resolution and color required for
television, but thin -film alpha numel is displays may be
available as soon as 1976,
Westinghouse predicts. The
company is now developing
a

simplified, inexpensive

method of depositing thin -film

circuits by evaporation.

Philco changes hands

The Philco brand name for
television and stereo has been
sold by the Ford Motor Company to GTE Sylvania, which
will manufacture and sell
Philco sets after April 30. Before that, Sylvania will distribute sets made in the current
Philco plants. The agreement
applies only to the U.S. and
Canada and doesn't affect
Philco brand products in other
countries, or Philco's appliances and car radios in this
country. Ford bought Philco
about 13 years ago.
Philco became the fifth television brand to change hands
or be discontinued during
1974. Packard Bell television
was dropped by its parent
company Teledyne Corporation and its inventory liquidated, although it is probable
the name will be revived by
another firm. Motorola's television business was sold to
Matsushita Electric Industrial
Co. of Japan and the brand
name changed to Quasar. Admiral Corporation was sold to
Rockwell International. Magnavox Company was purchased by North American
Philips Company.
Most of the maneuvering
was the direct result of chaotic conditions within the television industry, caught in a
cost -price squeeze of inflation and recession. The industry's changeover to solid -state

sets and the need to keep up

technologically with leaders
Zenith and RCA made it impossible for some firms to

profitably. More
mergers and sales may be in
store in 1975.
compete

Teletrack
The state of Connecticut
has no racetracks, but will
soon inaugurate state-operated off -track betting. So it's
planning to bring horse racing

into the state -via

closed -

circuit TV. The six biggest

betting parlors will be designated as "Teletrack" centers
and will be decked out to resemble racetrack clubhouses.
Races from five New York
state tracks will be piped in,
the action shown on large
color screens.
TV in circles
The FCC soon will be taking a good hard look at the

desirability of circular polarization of television transmission. Experiments by ABC in

Chicago have shown some
generally favorable results.
The most important may be a
"significant decrease in observable ghosting." The tests
also showed that less receiver
input voltage appeared to be
necessary for a given quality
of picture using circular polarization as opposed to conventional horizontal polarization. Further studies and tests
are planned, including various

combinations of circular, horizontal and vertical transmitting and receiving antennas.

How long?
The average color television set purchased new lasts
12 years, the average monochrome set 11 years. These
"life expectancy" figures, developed by the Agriculture
Department on the basis of

Census statistics, indicate

how long households keep
sets, on the average -not how
long they could have been
made to last. They also show
a black- and -white set purchased used lasts five years.

by DAVID LACHENBRUCH
CONTRIBUTING EDITOR

The TELEQUIPMENT D61

priced 10 MHz dual
trace oscilloscope with sweep
rates up to 100 ns /div. It is ideally
suited for students, technicians,
and hobbyists.
Operating Ease. Front
panel controls are engiieered
for instant recognition. '_ine or

No other
10 MHz

is a low

oscilloscope
gives you all
this for $545

intensity

focus

TELEQUIPMENT

Oscilloscope 061

cal 0.5vpp

Application versatility.
Because of its X -Y capability,
the D61 simplifies alignment
and troubleshooting of color
television sets. Its performance
equals or exceeds the requirements for servicing audio
equipment, pocket calculators,
public safety control, alarm,
and communications systems,
microwave ovens, digital clocks,
and similar consumer electronic products.
Compact, portable. Fully
transistorized, and weighing
only 15 pounds, the D61 occupies only 6.3 inches of bench
width. It's easy to transport and
use in confined working areas.

probe lest

time/division

Channel
t

10 O
20

volts /division

It
21

05

loo 0

200 0
500

eat

VS

,....__.'- 50
volts/division

20

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Tektronix reliability.

Channel 2

000200

C7C31. 4, 100

SO

.02

2
0

Bright, stable viewing.

Stable waveforms, displayed on
an 8 x 10 cm crt, are easy to
view, even under unfavorable
ambient light conditions. Two
identical input channels simplify generation of X -Y displays.
This is particularly useful in
analysis of vector patterns.

power
off
uaxamx

frame displays are selected

automatically in the TV trigger
position. And, chopped or
alternate modes are determined automatically to
optimize display clarity.

trig level
- auto)

TELEQUIPMENT products
carry the well -known Tektronix
warranty and are marketed
and supported by the

Tektronix organization.

-01

pull

channel

channel

oft

off

input
ext chi ch2
aC

dc

rgnd

f):

all

tv

trig/ext

ac

don
9nd

Automatic triggering.
TV Frame
and line triggering.
Dual- trace, XY
and vector modes.
061 Spec Sheet and Telequipment
catalog.
El Have your field engineer call to arrange a
demonstration.

Send me the

ektronix. Inc

O. Box 500,

Beaverton, Oregon 97077

Name
Telephone No.

Title
Company
Address
City

State

Zip

TEKTRONIX
committed to
technical excellence

Circle

8 on

reader service card

Circle 9 on reader service card for demonstration

new timely
New lightweight laser
guides aircraft to targets
A versatile hand -held laser that can
be used equally well to point out enemy
targets or to guide aircraft to the forces
using the laser is being developed by
Hughes Aircraft for the United States

Army. Looking vaguely like a stocky,

short -barreled rifle, it is called the
AN/PAID-1 Light Weight Laser Designator.
A detachment cut off from its base,
or isolated in enemy terrain, can simply
direct their laser "fire" toward any
friendly aircraft equipped with the
special laser sensors to detect the
beam. Since the laser beam is invisible
-except to such sensors -there is
little chance of laser detection.
If the forces using the laser can
illuminate a surface within the enemy
target area, the aircraft's sensors can

detect this spot of light and home in o'

it bringing their weapons to bear where
they will be most effective.
The designator is made up of three
modules, a battery compartment in the
stock, with 22 cells resembling flashlight
batteries, a power supply, and the laser
transmitter, which resembles the barrel of the "gun." More than 90 per cent
of the device's active electronics are
mounted in the power supply on a 4 x 5inch circuit card, which contains the
equivalent of 10,000 transistors etched
into the circuitry.

Ten thousand TV fires a year,

says Federal safety commission
More than 10,000 television fires may
erupt annually in the United States, estimates the US Consumer Products
Safety Commission. Some of these result in serious injuries and death.

Electric shock is another cause of

casualties. (Most of the latter are due
to courageous but uninformed TV users.)
The USCPSC quotes three type
situations:
James North saw his portable TV
start smoking, and pulled the plug. He
immediately called the fire department,
which was able to put out the fire before it spread to other materials in the
room.
Bill Edge kept his TV against the
wall in a corner next to the radiator.
He piled newspapers on the cabinet.
Some of them covered the air vents in
the back. One night the set overheated
and burst into flames, destroying everything in the room before the fire could
be put under control.
Gail White reached into the back of
the set to touch what she thought was
a malfunctioning tube. Contacting high
voltage, she drew her arm back fast
enough to cause a painful injury to her
elbow.
These are the commonest hazards. A
close fourth is spilling liquids into the
cabinet. The Commission urges technicians to instruct TV owners in a few
important safety rules whenever possible:
1. Follow all operating instructions
and safety precautions furnished with
the TV.
2. Warn chidren never to drop or push
objects into the TV cabinet; they could
get dangerous shocks.
3. Make sure the ventilation openings
are not covered with cloths or papers,
and that the TV is placed clear of walls

or other ventilation -limiting surfaces.

4. Be careful to see that drinks or
other containers of liquids are not
placed on the TV; they can spill and
cause a short -circuit that can create a
fire or shock hazard.
5. Never expose the set to rain or
water. Excessive moisture-even leaving
the TV on an outside porch-may cause
shorts and resultant fire or shock hazards.

New static computer memory

is marvel of dense packing

q1

HUGHES SCIENTIST RICHARD REAMER adjusts the sights on an advanced prototype of the
LWLD now being constructed for the US Army.

A static memory has the great advantage that it retains information read
into it indefinitely, without the need for
refreshing. But it has the disadvantage
of a far lower packing density than
dynamic memories, which however must
be refreshed constantly.
Siemens Research Labs has now produced a static MOS memory of 4 kilobits on an area of 14.7 mm2. The memory is an integrated circuit in aluminum
gate epitaxial semiconductor film -on(continued on page 12)

Avoid serious trouble in color TV sets

by using the rim replacement capacitor!
SPRAGUE

polyester
film

...

assume you're replacing an ordinary every -day

film or paper capacitor. If it happens to be a deflection capacitor used for commutating or S- shaping,
you need a _pIypropylene or polycarbonate film
replacement with (1) high a -c current -carrying capability; (2) close capacitance tolerance; (3) good
capacitance stability. The standard replacement

@ 100

1.5

@ 150

.01

@ 400

.015
.033
.06
.081

@
@
@
@
@

.2

400
400
400
400
400

.0018 @ 600
.0022 @ 600

Cap. Tol.

5%
5%
5%
5%
5%
5%
2%
5%
5%
5%

capacitors used in the industry, even our superior

Type PS dipped tubulars, just won't do the job
and they could cause the set to become inoperative again.
Play it safe ... dipped tubulars may look alike
on the surface, but there can be a big difference in
the film dielectric. Keep a supply of Sprague Type
PP and PM capacitors on hand for those critical
situations where ordinary replacements won't work.
.

TE

c12

PE

D. x L.

FIM

PM
Cat. No.

.900 x 1.000

PM1-M1.75

.800 x

PM15-M1.5

.937

.400 x .750
.450 x .750
.500 x .750
.800 x 1.250
.600 x 1.300
.700 x 1.700

PP4-S15
PP4-S33S
PP4-S60S
PP4-S81S
PP4-P20

.400
.400

PP6-D 18S
PP6-D22S

x
x

.750
.750

carbonate fil

applications.

The next time you replace a dipped tubular in one

of the newer color TV sets, don't automatically

SPRAGUE

These capacitors
are a MUST for critical
commutating and S- shaping

90% of your film capacitor

replacements. But
it's NOT
designed for certain
critical applications.

@ WVDC

TYPE PM

polypropylene fil

This capacitor is GREAT for

1.75

RAGUE

40

figo TYPE PP

PP4-S 10

CAPACITORS

@ WVDC

.0039 @ 600
.01

@ 600

.066 @ 600
.075 @ 600
.022 @ 800
.047 @ 800
.051 @ 800

.0018
.002
.0033
.0039

@
@
@
@

1600
1600
1600
1600

Cap. Tol.

D. x L.

Cat. No.

5%
5%
5%
5%

.400
.500
.800
.750

.800
1.250
1.250
1.250

PP6-D39S
PP6-S10S
PP6-S66S

3%
5%
5%
5%
5%
5%
5%

.600 1.300
.700 x 1.250
.800 x 1.250

PP8-S22S
PP8-S47S
PP8-S51S

.500 x 1.300
.500 x 1.300
.550 x 1.300
.600 x 1.300

PP16-D18
PP16-D20
PP16-D33
PP16-D39

information on close -tolerance polypropylene and

polycarbonate film capacitors, showing original part numbers with
correct Sprague replacements, ask your Sprague distributor for Cross Reference Guide C -873, or write to: Sprague Products Company,
509 Marshall Street, North Adams, Mass. 01247.

x
x
x
x
x

PPS-S75S

For cross -reference

THE BROAD -LINE PRODUCER OF ELECTRONIC PARTS

Circle 6 on reader service card

SPRAGUE
THE MARK OF RELIABILITY

Prepare for a high-paying career in

Complete Communications
Including CB design, installation
and maintenance... in actual practice

Get 2 -way radio training with this solid -state

23- channel transceiver and power supply!

The field of communications is bursting out

all over. In Citizens Band alone, estimates
predict a growth in equipment sales from
$514 million in 1973 to $1.2 billion dollars in
1982 That means a lot of openings in service
and maintenance jobs. NRI can train you at
home to fill one of those openings ... including
your FCC license and solid -state 2 -way radio
service.
NRI's Complete Communications Course
will qualify you for a First Class Commercial
License or you get your money back It covers
AM and FM Transmission Systems, Teletype, Radar Principles, Marine Electronics,
Mobile Communications, and Aircraft
Electronics.
You will learn to service and /or adjust CB
equipment
using your own 23- channel
Johnson Transceiver and AC power supply
for hands -on experience as well as your own
personal use.
With NRI's training program, you can
learn this important skill easily, at home in
!

...

Your CB training
will be up- to -theminute when you experiment with this solid -state
transceiver unit. Mount it in your car or use it
with your AC power as a base station. You get
"hands -on" experience that puts your course theory
into practice the practical way.

your spare time. You get 8 training kits, including your own 31/2 digit digital multimeter
for digital experiments and precise measurements. You'll learn from bite -size lessons,

progressing at your
own speed to your FCC
license and then into the
communications field of
your choice.

Only NRI offers five choices

in TV/Audio Servicing

Step into the digital age

with NRI's Complete Computer
Electronics Course

Digital electronics is
the career area of the
future ... and the best
way to learn it is with
NRI's Complete Com-

puter Electronics

Course. You can become a computer or

NRI can train you at

home to service and

repair commercially built color and blackwhite TV, hi -fi equipment, AM -FM radios

and sound systems.

You can choose from 5

courses, starting with a basic servicing course
with 65 lessons ... up to a Master Color TV
course, complete with 25" diagonal solid state
color TV in handsome woodgrain cabinet. All
courses are available with low down payments
and convenient monthly payments to fit your

budget. And all courses provide professional

equipment along with NRI- designed kits for
hands-on training. With the Master Course, for

digital technician
with NRI's unique

...

while you
and fascinating home training
build and use a real digital computer in your
home This is no beginner's "logic trainer ". It's
a complete programmable digital computer. And
it's just one of ten kits you receive, including a
professional digital multimeter for experiments
and precise measurement. It's the quickest and
best way to learn digital logic, and computer
operation.
!

NEARLY ONE MILLION STUDENTS IN 60 YEARS

HAVE LEARNED AT HOME THE NRI WAY ...

Mail the insert card and discover for yourself

why NRI is the recognized leader in home study
training. No salesman will call. Do it today and
get started on that new career.

instance, you receive your own 5" wide band,

solid -state triggered sweep oscilloscope, TV pat-

tern generator, 31/2 digit digital multimeter, and

a high quality NRI 25" diagonal solid state television receiver expressly designed for color TV
training.
YOU PAY LESS WITH NRI TRAINING
AND YOU GET MORE FOR YOUR MONEY
NRI employs no salesmen, pays no commissions.
We pass the savings on to you in reduced tuition

costs and extras in the way of professional equipment, testing instruments, etc. You can pay more,
but you can't get better training.

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For the career minded, we are approved for veterans benefits. Check box on card for details.

MAIL THE INSERT CARD FOR

YOUR FREE NRI CATALOG
No salesman will call

NRI McGraw

NRI SCHOOLS

I '

-Hill Continuing Education Center

3939 Wisconsin Avenue,
Washington, D.C. 20016

11

www.americanradiohistory.com

new

Gm

t igneI
I

insulator (ESFI) technology.

The new memory was made possible
by replacing two of the transistors in
an original 5- transistor memory cell
with resistors. A diode was then used
to replace one of the three remaining

Icunrinued from page

6)

Arnold Zenker. Broomall, PA (member

TSDA of Delaware State) Sergeant -atArms.
Tri -State Council represents electronic service technicians over the entire Delaware Valley area, and is a coordinating council for five electronic
service associations: TSDA of the State
of Delaware; AETA of New Jersey, RSA
of Trenton, NJ; TSDA of Delaware Co.,
PA, and TSA of Delaware Valley.

Fifth 1974 Gernsbach Award

Won by Bruce A. Long
Bruce A. Long, of Rio Grande, NJ, is
the fifth 1974 winner of the Hugo Gernsbach Scholarship Award
$125 grant
given each year to an outstanding student in each of eight leading home-study
schools of electronics. Mr. Long writes:
"Upon graduating from high school,

-a

attended an electronics trade school.

was fascinated with electricity (my
father had been an electrician) and
wanted to learn something that would
last a lifetime.
After completing the course, I got a
job as master console operator at a TV
couldn't
station, but lost it because
pass the FCC 1st and 2nd Class license
tests, which would have allowed me to
move into an open job on the transmitter crew.
I

THE 4- KILOBIT ESFI MOS MEMORY. The

size of the integrated circuit (actually about
13/s x 15/s inches) has been exaggerated by
placing the young lady (using one of the
earliest digital computers) far behind it.

transistors, making an already small

5- transistor unit into a two- transistor,
two -resistor, diode cell. Size is 2.4 m2.
These memory cells have been integrated in a configuration of 4096 bits.
The chip area is 14.7 mm'. The actual
memory matrix, word and bit line decoders and the readout circuit are accommodated in a space of 4.2 x 3.5 mm.
Access time is about 120 nanoseconds
and cycle time 170 ns. Power dissipation is 100 mW.

William Alfring is runner -up

in scholarship award contest
A second prize in the contest goes to
William Alfring, of Anderson, California.
It is an RCA WV -529 -A VOM, contributed by RCA for the runner -up in each
of the 1974 contests.
Bill Alfring was previously a policeman in Los Angeles. Fed up with the
environment, he moved to Northern California and got a job as a car salesman.
Looking for something better, he enrolled in the ICS TV Servicing Technician program and studied whenever he
had any free time. Even before he had
completed the course he was troubleshooting TV receivers, had put up his
own building, obtained RCA, Zenith, and
Sony franchises, and an authorized service dealership from Motorola. He now
conducts his business as Shasta TV
Sales and Service in Anderson, California.

Benjamin Bauer, CBS Labs

gets fourth patent on SO

Delaware Valley technicians

elect Tri -State Council
Joseph Papovich of Westville, NJ
(member AETA of NJ) was installed as
president of the Tri -State Council of
TV Service Associations of Delaware,
New Jersey and Pennsylvania, at the
17th annual Telerama Convention in
Atlantic City.
Other officers installed were Martin
Coggan, Bala Cynwyd, PA (member
Delaware Valley TSA) vice president;
Stuart Little, Willingboro, NJ (member
AETA) recording secretary; Frank Piccolella, Trenton, NJ (member RSA, Trenton) corresponding secretary; Peter
Rapagnani, Chester, PA (member TSDA
of Delaware County, PA) treasurer, and

thought
knew, but really didn't!
took the FCC phone test and passed
the first time (after failing six times
over the past seven years!) I kept on
studying and reading my instructor's
notes and comments, and now believing
his words of encouragement. Shortly afterward I passed the 1st Class Phone
with radar endorsement, and with no
trouble.
I
am now working as staff engineer
at WCMC- AM -FM -TV in Wildwood, NJ
(the station where I worked as console
operator seven years ago). I am responsible for the operation of the complete network -affiliated television station, an AM and an FM station, while on
duty.
If it weren't for ICS
would still be
confused and frustrated."
I

Bruce A. Long

Then
went to work for a computer
manufacturer, teaching others electronics and the repair of computers. I
left, feeling frustrated with myself for
not having enough education and having
the feeling that I was just a small tooth
on a giant gear. Two jobs later (repairing electronic machine controls)
still
had the same feeling that I was never
going to get anywhere unless I got more
education.
I
looked into three or four correspondence schools; ICS seemed to have
was looking for.
the type of course
Enrolling, worked during the day and
studied at night. ICS taught me things
I

Ben Bauer, long known for his contributions to acoustics and audio, and
Vice President for Acoustics and Magnetics of CBS Laboratories, has been
awarded Patent No. 3,835,255 for his
invention of an SQ matrix decoder for
Quadraphonic disc records. He has al-

ready received patents on the SQ encoder, the SQ logic and the SQ disc.
This latest patent covers the matrix
portion of the SQ system. (SQ is a trademark of CBS.)
The numerous other contributions
that Ben Bauer has made to theoretical and applied acoustics include
the invention of the phase -shift type
cardioid microphone-now universally
used-and several innovations in transducer design, including a 1 -gram mov(continued on page 14)

Now you don't have to turn down jobs

just because the sets
were made in the Far East.

Your Sylvania Distributor has

solved one of your biggest problems
in semiconductor replacements for
imported equipment.
Until now, unless your shop was
around the corner from an import
warehouse, you probably had a tough
problem. Especially for those non repairable modules.
But not anymore.
Sylvania's new ECGTM 1000 series
gives you over 140 new integrated
circuits and modules for imported sets
right on your distributor's shelves.
And, thanks to our newest interchangeability guide (ECG 212E -4),
those 140 parts add up to a lot more

when it comes to the number of types

they'll replace.
That means you don't have to watch
a profitable repair job walk out the door
just because getting the parts could
make it unprofitable.
It also means that you've got one stop shopping for all of your repair
jobs, foreign or domestic.
Whether you need semiconductors,
picture tubes or receiving tubes, you'll
find them all at one electronic
supermarket.
Your Sylvania Distributor.

(D SYLVAN IA

GTE Sslvania, Electronic Components Group,

100 First Avenue, Waltham, MA. 02154

www.americanradiohistory.com

DELUXE DIGITAL COLOR

CONVERGENCE GENERATOR

new

NOW AT A PRICE EVERYONE

CAN AFFORD

continued from page 12)

ROCK SOLID PATTERNS

ALL IC COUNTDOWN CIRCUITS

QUARTZ CRYSTAL OSCILLATORS
2 FULL YEARS' WARRANTY

ing- magnet, precursor of the modern

high fidelity reproducer, as well as
methods and apparatus for measuring
sound and vibration.

Greatest electronic organ

installed in Carnegie Hall
Ft ENCO

$7995

MODEL

SG-200

reg. $99.95

10 Patterns: Full & Gated Rainbow, 4

Crosshatch, 4 Dot, Die Casted 1/s" Alu-

minum Case.

MODEL

$5995

SG -150

reg. $74.95

10 Patterns: B &W Bars, White Field, 4

Crosshatch, 4 Dot.

AI

Elenco

Electrort,c,

A new electronic organ in Carnegie

Hall has an output of 5,000 watts, uses
18 speakers in the main array, has 49
amplifiers and is the first electronic
organ ever built with five manuals
(swell, bombarde, solo, great and choir).
The frequency range (modest as compared to some pipe organs) is 16 to
20,000 cycles per second.
The electronic organ was the result
of a decision a few years ago to have
a new pipe organ in Carnegie Hall. (An
older one, never too satisfactory, had
deteriorated and been removed.) But it
was found that the architectural modifications required to install the pipes
of a satisfactory organ might affect the
acoustics of the Hall. It was also noted
that a pipe organ might not stand up
well in New York's atmosphere, which
is harmful to leather, wood and metal.
Among others, the Rodgers Organ
Co. of Hillsboro, Oregon, was consulted
in the design of a new organ. Becoming
much interested in the project, the corn-

pany agreed to build an instrument and

install it in the Hall on a permanent loan basis.
The 18 speakers are hung in a line
over the stage, with the stage itself acting as a reverberation chamber, according to the Hall's acoustician. In this it
follows the technique of the older pipe
which all the sound comes
organ
from one area-rather than the distributed -sound approach of many electronic sound systems for concert halls.
But the organ has features that only
an electronic instrument can. It has a
computer with memory chords, can be
programmed in advance, has electronic
echo effects and delayed timing, as
well as a number of electronic features
still to be worked out completely.

-in

Multiplex FM stereo pioneer dies

Murray G. Crosby, pioneer in FM and
phase modulation and in stereo broadcasting, died June 8, 1974, at the age
of 70.
An inventor and consultant in recent
years, Mr. Crosby held more than 200
patents, the last of which was issued
to him the day before his death. It described a subaudible system for the
statistical verification of radio and tele-

vision commercials.

MODEL

i,.

SG -100

4
ONLY

$4795
reg. $59.95

2 Patterns:

20 x 16 Crosshatch, 320

Dots, weight only 17 oz.

SPECIAL PRICE LIMITED TIME ONLY

FULL 15 DAYS MONEY

BACK GUARANTEE
ELENCO ELECTRONICS INC.
8144 W. North Ter., Niles, III. 60648
312.692 -6974

MODEL SG-

My check or money order enclosed.

COD

Add

$2.50 mailing & handling.

NAME

ADDRESS'

STATE

CITY

ZIP

DISTRIBUTORS' INQUIRIES INVITED

Circle

5 on

THE ONLY STORAGE BATTERY MUSEUM in the world, according to its sponsors, is this
one in Hagen, Westphalia (West Germany). Started on a small scale in 1898, it has now
expanded to fill a large building formerly used as a street -car barn. The cell to the left in
the foreground dates back to 1888; the one on the right is a modern (1972) product.

reader service card

www.americanradiohistory.com

MARK TEN

B,

THE GAS SAVING, PLUG SAVING,

TUNE-UP SAVING, ELECTRONIC
IGNITION FROM DELTA.

NOW AS LOW AS $49L95.

electronics to

Yeas of testing
and .Ise by race
car drivers n all
categories have

gi

proves De ta's
Mark Ten 3 the
mos. advanced
ignition system
on the ma -ket today.
Pro e it to yourself. Giv3 you car vrocooml
With a Mark Ten B Capacitive Discharge Ignition Eyste n under the hood of your car great
things will happen ... like reducing .Dostly
tune -ups by as much as 75 %. Further, you get
better all- weather starts, quicker accele-ation
and better mileage.
Many cperational problems caused by
emission control devices, poor manifolding or
imp-cper -uel mixtures disappear. Delta's
Mark Ten B even improvas the performance
of brand -new factory installed electronic
ignitions (Chrysler and Ford). Factory systems
men* eliminate points and condenser, but
the Celta Mark Ten B combines the advantages of capacitive discharge with solic state

Peal

per-

formance and
increased
energy.
Are you a doit -you rselfer?
Build your own
Mark -en B
available in low -cost
kit fo -m. Or, if you prefer,
get the complete ready -to- install
unit. Either way, you zan install it
yourself i-1 minutes with no rewiring, even
over Chrysler and Ford systems.
Mail the coupon today and discover how to
enjoy nappy motoring w th Delta's Mark Ten
B. The do- it- yourselfer's dream that really
pays off.

DELTA
P.O Box '147. Dept. RE
303 -242 -9(00
.

PRODUCTS,

INC.

Grand Junc* m. Colo. 81501

Please send me free literature.

Mark Ten B assemShip C.O.D. Please send:
Enclosed is $
Ship ppd.
StanMark Ten B Kit @ $49.95 ppd. (12 volt negative ground only)
bled @ $64.95 ppd.
12 Volt: Specify
6 Volt: Neg. Ground Only
dard Mark Ten assembled, @ $49.95 ppd.
Standard Mark Ten Deltakit" @ $34.95 ppd.
Neg. Ground
Pos. Ground
(12 Volt Positive or Negative Ground Only)
Dept. RE

Car Yea-

Make

__

Name

Address
City /State _

Zip

__

Circle

14 on

reader service card

IetIers

TO MIX 4 TRACKS (INPUTS) DOWN TO TWO (STEREO) OUTPUTS. FOR EACH INPUT THERE
MUST BE A VOLUME CONTROL, PLUS THE ABILITY TO SELECT EITHER LEFT OR RIGHT
OUTPUT, PLUS THE ABILITY TO BLEND OR DISTRIBUTE THE SIGNAL TO BOTH L AND R
OUTPUTS. RESISTORS NECESSARY FOR ISOLATION OF CONTROLS CAUSE TOO MUCH

SIGNAL LOSS

INPUTS

VOLUME

AUDIO MIXER
A number of people are now using 4track tape decks (such as the Teac 3340
or the Dokorder 7140) to make 4 -track
recordings which then need to be mixed

for re- recording on a stereo deck. These

4 -track tape decks allow you to record
for instruments or parts, one on each
track, and then balance and mix them
into two (stereo) tracks. This requires
a mixer circuit of some kind. have made
one using resistors for isolation of the
controls, but there is too much signal
loss. would very much like to have (and
am sure other readers would) a diagram
of a suitable circuit using transistors. It
would be nice if someone would like to
provide a kit or at least a PC board for
this purpose too.
The mixer circuit should do the following things:
Provide for four inputs and two outputs. Inputs will be from tape deck.
Outputs will be to stereo ampliflier
monitor inputs (100K or 200K in

SWITCH TO SELECT

LEFT OR RIGHT
OUTPUT

r- J

-- J

TO BLEND (DISTRIBUTE)

INCOMING SIGNAL
BETWEEN LEFT AND
RIGHT OUTPUTS

my case).

(continued on pace 22)

KICK

RIGHT OUT

LEFT OUT

UT THOSE "TOUGH DOG" TIME

CONSUMING AM -FM STEREOS
BEFORE THEY EAT UP ALL YOUR PROFITS.

WITH THE ONLY COMPLETE AM -FM STEREO

ANALYZER ON THE MARKET TODAY... WITH ALL
SIGNALS AT BETTER THAN FCC SPECS
THAT YOU NEED TO WALK THE
AM, AM -FM, AUTO RADIO, OR
OF
ANY
TROUBLE OUT
THE BIGGEST HI FI IN THE BUSINESS.

ALL

12 SIGNALS

TAKES THE FEAR OUT OF STEREO SERVICING BY

ISOLATING PROBLEMS IN MINUTES WITH:
COMPLETE AM -FM
RF SIGNALS

ALL IF SIGNALS

-0

INCLUDING SWEEP
AND MARKERS

COMPLETE AUDIO
AMP SIGNALS

ALL MULTIPLEX
STEREO SIGNALS

MONITORED BY DUMMY LOADS AND 2 D'ARSONVAL METERS

FOR POWER OUTPUT AND TRUE SEPARATION TESTS.

SG165
A PROFIT MAKER WITH

SEE YOUR SENCORE FLPD DISTRIBUTOR FOR A 10

ONLY $495

PATENT APPLIED FOR!

16

Circle

7 on

NC C

reader service card

www.americanradiohistory.com

DAY FREE TRIAL.

TE

GSIOUX FALLS,

tSe 0 0
DISPLAY:

MODES: Normal: for most troubleshooting and

testing applications. Storage: on ail 4 channels
stores the information in a 16x4 bit high speed RAM
and displays the signal continuously.
PULSE CATCHING: Single -shot storage
capability. can catch and store a one -time occuring
pulse in the memory and display it for as long as
desired.
POWER: Battery: operation usirg rechargable
NiCads. AC: operation using an AC- (Adapter /Charger) for use with normal 110 v.a.c.

LED Matrix: 4x16 LED Matrix. 4 channels: with 16 divisions per channel useful for determining extensive time relationships.
TIME BASE: Range: from .5 u sec. to .2 sec.
Triggering: from channel one input signal; positive
or negative edge selection using SYNC switch; also
an automatic sweep for checking DC steady -state
signals.
Range Selection: using three controls -a potentiometer for initial sweep rate and two switches for
X1000 and X20 selection.

* SAVE, YOU
REALLY WANT
BUILD YOUR OWN
OR, IF

TO
PRICE: MS-416 (fully assembled)
MS -416 (kit with easy -to- follow manual)

MS -416 FOR JUST $127.5

Warranty: One year on parts and
labor on assembled units. 90 day,
on parts for kits.

DEnclosed
or

is a

Check for

eankAmericard #

or DMaster Charge #
Credit Card Expiration Cate
Include $3.00 for Postage and Handling

INC

Prices, specifications and delivery

subject to change without notice

D MS -416
Please send information

"Creative Electronics"

$189.50
$127.50

on Entire

Mirs

Kit
Assembled

Line.

NAME
ADDRESS

CITY
STATE & ZIP

nuls

Circle

12 on

/ 6328 Linn, N.E., Albuquerque, New Mexao 87108 50512657553

reader service card

RE

1-75

Read what the experts say about

Heathkit Digital- Design dolor TV
The picture on the
GR -2000 can only be
described as superb. The

The picture quality of

the GR -2000 is flawless,

natural tints, excellent

definition, and pictures
are steady as a rock. It's
better than any this
writer has ever seen.'?

Black (Negative) Matrix

CRT, the tuner and i -f strip,
and the video amplifier
provide a picture equal
to that of many
studio color monitors.,,

(Family Handyman, June, 1974)

(Popular Electronics, April, 1974)

25"

The plain truth is, with

service and repair costs
soaring even for the most
insignificant in -home
repair, the GR -2000 is the
way all color TV sets will
have to be made
in the near future....,,
(Elementary Electronics, May -June, 1974)

(diagonal) Heathkit GR -2000

Widely reviewed and acclaimed for its outstanding

picture and years -ahead engineering. At the touch
of a button, the channel number appears on the
screen. The optional clock module displays the time
right under the channel readout. The totally
solid -state varactor tuner eliminates noisy "clunkers"
with contacts that can wear out. Instead, pressing a
button silently selects any of the 16 pre -programmed
UHF or VHF stations. The unique fixed -filter IF
never needs instrument alignment, so pictures retain
unmatched clarity and brilliance year after year.
And for the ultimate in convenience, add the
optional wireless remote control. The GR -2000 can
be custom mounted and optional cabinets start
at $119.95 *.

Kit GR -2000, less cabinet, 147 lbs., Exp. /frt.

lb., mailable
Kit GRA-2000 -1, Digital clock module,

669.95*
29.95*

of Heathkit
small- screen color TV with digital readout
Now -a new generation

GR-500

GR-400

G R-300

19" (diagonal)

17" (diagonal)

15" (diagonal)

Famous Heathkit quality in your choice of screen sizes -15, 17

or 19" (diagonal). They all have GR- 2000 -inspired digital channel
readout and optional plug -in clock modules. And in the tradition
of the GR -2000, these TV's feature dozens of design innovations.
Each uses a precision in -line gun in the picture tube and a
slotted shadow mask for a bright picture. The GR -400 and 500's

negative- matrix screen provides superior contrast while luminance and video circuits with black level clamps maintain the
true brightness of televised scenes.
A factory- sealed static toroid yoke and magnet assembly comand
pletely eliminates convergence and purity adjustments
the picture is superior to sets requiring manual adjustments.

18

Simulated TV pictures

dual gate FET

The list of significant advances goes on and on
mixer, FET RF amplifier, 4 tuned circuits (instead of the 3 most
sets have), automatic fine tuning and preset picture control, hi -fi
output jack, slide out chassis. The GR -300 and 400 come complete with walnut veneer cabinets, cabinets for the GR-500 start
at $39.95.

Kit GR -500, less cabinet, 88 lbs., Exp. /frt.

499.95*

Kit GR-400, with cabinet, 104 lbs., Exp. /frt.

489.95*

Kit GR -300, with cabinet, 90 lbs., Exp. /frt.

449.95*

GRA- 2000 -1, clock module for GR -300, 400 & 500,
1
lb., mailable

29.95*

6 unique new Heathkit products

you can build yourself

Heathkit
AM /FM Digital Clock Radio

The GR -1075 is no ordinary clock radio.

Big, bright Beckman planar gas
discharge tubes display the time. The

readouts adjust their brightness

automatically as room lighting changes.
A standby battery power supply keeps the clock on
time (without the display) if the electricity is interrupted. When the power is restored, the 24 -hour
alarm will be on time -and so will you. You can wake

to your favorite station or a gentle electronic "beep"

with adjustable volume. And the radio section uses
the same design philosophy as our famous AR -1214

stereo receiver including fixed ceramic filters in the

AM and FM circuits and a factory -assembled and
aligned FM front -end with 5V sensitivity. With 4
IC's, 41 transistors and 35 diodes, the GR- 1075's design is years ahead of ordinary clock radios.
Kit GR -1075, less batteries, 10 lbs., mailable, 129.95*

Digital Electronic Car Clock /Timer

Desktop Electronic /Sliderule Calculator

The GC -1093 is an accurate timepiece for your car, boat or

plane. Its an electronic clock and a 20 -hour rally timer, both
with quartz -crystal accuracy. Bright 1/2"-tall digits dim automatically at night. 12 VDC,
mounts on or under the dash.

At last,

Kit GC -1093
2 lbs., mailable
62.95*

r'

-7

.r4,

xrr

a sliderule calculator that's big enough to use. The IC2100 has finger -sized keys and a bright, 1/2" -tall 8-digit display,
Cumulative memory and register exchanges virtually eliminate

scratchpad work. Performs arithmetic

plus trig and arc trig in degrees or
radians, common and natural logs,
powers of e, square roots, inverses,
pi and exponential functions.

Kit IC -2100
4 lbs., mailable
119.95*

Dual -Trace Oscilloscope

A professional scope at kit-form savings. DC -15 MHz frequency
response, post-deflection accelerated CRT, vertical amplifier
delay lines, time base up to
100 nsec /cm, guaranteed to
trigger up to 30 MHz (typically up to 45 MHz), 1 mV/

cm vertical sensitivity, true

X -Y capability.

Digital Electronic Clocks

with standby power
The GC -1092A is a digital clock with a snooze alarm; the
GC -1092D reads the time in 6 digits, the month and date in
4 digits. Both have standby power supplies to keep the clock
on time (without the display) even during power interruptions.

GC-1092 A & D,
less batteries, 5 lbs., mailable

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Kit 10 -4510
34 lbs., mailable
549.95 *

GC-1092A

HEATHKIT ELECTRONIC CENTERS

Units of Schlumberger Products Corporation
Retail prices slightly higher.
ARIZ.: Phoenix; CALIF.: Anaheim. El Cerrito, Los Angeles, Pomona, Redwood City, San Diego (La Mesa),
Woodland Hills; COLO.: Denver; CONN.: Hartford
(Avon); FLA.: Miami (Hialeah), Tampa; GA.: Atlanta;
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Send for your

HEATH IT
1975

FREE 1975

Heathkit Catalog
the world's
largest
selection of
electronic kits!

r,.

Time /Alarm

GC -1092D

Heath Company
Dept. 20-1
Benton Harbor, Michigan 49022
Please send my free 1975 Heathkit Catalog.
Enclosed is $
plus shipping.
Please send model(s)

Time /Date
HEATH

Schlumberger

Name

Address
City

State

PRICES 6 sPECiriCnTIONS SUBJECT

TO

CHANGE w ;THOur NOTICE

Zip
CL -551

Circle 100 on reader service curd

21

12

LETTERS
(continued from page 16)

ROUGH PROPOSAL FOR MIXDOWN OF 4 TRACKS (INPUTS) TO TWO OUTPUTS

NEED TO
CONTROL LEVEL OF EACH INPUT, AND NEED TO BE ABLE TO DISTRIBUTE EACH INPUT TO
LEFT OR RIGHT OUTPUT ONLY, OR TO BOTH.
2

VOLUME

B +

T348 a

B+

Instruments,
Burglar Alarms,
Automotive &

Bi

Bt

Bt

Bf

The more you know about

electronics, the more you'll
appreciate EICO. We have a wide
range of products for you to
choose from, each designed to
provide you with the most
pleasure and quality performance
for your money. The fact that
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are in use attests to their quality
and performance.

"Build -it- Yourself" and save

up to 50% with our famous
electronic kits.
For latest EICO Catalog on Test

(r)

Instruments, Automotive and Hobby

Electronics, Eicocraft Project kits.
Burglar -Fire Alarm Systems and name
of nearest EICO Distributor, check reader
service card or send 5U for fast first
class mail service.
EICO -283 Malta Street,

U
w
Jw

Brooklyn, N.Y. 11207

since 1945.

Leculersltip in creative electronics

cc

22

BE

Bt
LEFT
OUT

Hobby

Electronics!

Bt

TO SELECT LEFT OR

RIGHT
OUT

RIGHT OUTPUT, OR TO
BLEND (OR DISTRIBUTE
INCOMING SIGNAL
BETWEEN THE TWO
OUTPUTS)

Provide some gain. It would be desirable to have an option for considerable gain if needed or just a
few dB for normal purposes.
Allow individual control of volume
at each of the four inputs.
Allow each of the four inputs to be
connected to either the left or the
right output. (If possible, allow
movement of each input signal from
one output to the other without having the "pops" that occur with
switches.)
Allow each of the inputs to be
blended with or distributed between
both outputs. This is not a question
of blending the two outputs together, but of being able to distribute each input signal between
the two outputs when desired
sometimes more to one output than
to the other.
Provide isolation of controls.
enclose a copy of a rough resistance
circuit made. There is too much loss
with this circuit, especially of higher frequencies and there is no way to fade an
input from one output to the other. also
enclose a very tentative drawing with
some transistors stuck in to provide isolation. have no idea what values should
be used and do not imagine that this is
the appropriate way to make such a

circuit.
think a number of readers would
greatly appreciate information about mix down systems and a specific indication
I

Circle 10 on reader service card

www.americanradiohistory.com

of how best to build one doing the above

things.
CARL F. HARTMAN
1843 Tradewinds
Newport Beach, CA 92660
If anyone has an answer, write to Carl
directly. If you put together an article,
send it to us.- Editor

NOTE TO THE FCC

The FCC warning concerning the TV
Typewriter in the March 1974 issue of

Radio -Electronics prompts this

correspondence.
Radio-Electronics in the June 1970
issue carried an article on a radar
burglar stopper. This device falls under
a relatively recent FCC regulation for
Field Disturbance Sensors and in all
probability is subject to similar regulations as the TV Typewriter, even though
many of your readers may have built it
prior to the effective date of those
regulations.
It appears that any device which has
an oscillator which can radiate is now
subject to FCC regulation. The necessity of compliance with the regulations
and the fees for obtaining type approval
will certainly curtail the activity of many
hobbyists. On the other hand, if all of
the devices which ostensibly fall under
the FCC regulations were submitted to
the commission for type approval, their
work load would be untenable. A more
(continued on page 58)

Radio Shack FIRST!

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468

1975
Catalog

Mail to Radio Shack, P. O. Box 1052,

Ft. Worth, Texas 76101. (Please print.)
Apt No.

Name

Street

C:It==1

City
State

Now you can create studio -type audio effects at the flick
of a microphone switch -as you talk, sing or play. No
special. expensive equipment is required. The Realistic
reverb mike has dual dynamic elements that produce a
1.5- second lime delay for the echo effect. And you get
a wide 50- 10,000 Hz response in both reverb and normal
modes. It's "the" mike for vocalists, musicians, standup
comedians, all kinds of recording and public address work.
In the normal mode you've got a high -quality omnidirectional, dynamic mike for everyday use, too. Lightweight
non -reflective housing Revert In -Out switch, 200 ohms
impedance, -80 dB output level. Fully self contained,
no batteries required. 8" long x 11/2" diameter. Fitted vinyl
carrying case included #33 -1049. There's only one place
you can find it ... Radio Shack

ZIP

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Master Charge or
BankAmericard at
participating stores

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OVER 3000 STORES

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www.americanradiohistory.com

Retail

pries

50 STATES

COUNTRIES

may vary at individual stores

FIX LOOSE TEST LEADS

I experienced considerable frustration when making
measurements with my small multimeter because the
molded -in pin jacks had loosened up and would not hold
the test leads securely. Attempts to purchase leads with
slightly larger plugs that would fit were fruitless. Then, I
hit upon a simple solution to the problem.

TEST PROBES FROM OLD PENS

I find that test probes made from cheap ball point pens
take more abuse than the regular ones because of their
PEN CASE TEST PROBE

CUTOFF

GROMMET

PEN CASE

TEST PROBE TIP

flexibility. Remove the pen's ink cartridge, drill out the

front end for a press fit test probe tip and the rear for a
small grommet. If the tip becomes loose seal it in place
by heating it with your soldering gun.

RUBBER BAND
AROUND PLUGS

A single rubber hand, looped around the test plugs after

they are inserted in the jacks (see drawing) holds them in
place, maintains good electrical contacts and eliminates
the nuisance of having the leads fall out of the meter
while measurements are being made.
W. Edwards

You can set heavy chassis on these probes but they

won't snap to pieces. -Peter Legon

-A.

Best Sellers for the Best Reasons

For AF sine/square waves

For RF

Output from 20 Hz to 200 kHz

2. Constant 600 -ohm output impedance
3. Level control up to 10 p -p volts min.
4. Low total harmonic distortion
150 ns typical
5. Fast rise time
6. Three -line power cord for safety
7. WA- 504B/44D optional price: Only $109.50

85 kHz to 40 MHz

Completely shielded including

cable
2. Sweep output @ 455 kHz & 10.7

1.

1.

MHz

3.400 Hz internal modulation

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4.

Crystal calibrated marker

circuit (less crystal)

5.

Dial accuracy

6.

Three -line power cord for

safety

2%

7.WR-50B optional price $89.90

To buy the RCA Generators, contact any one of the more than
1,000 RCA Distributors worldwide. Or write: RCA Electronic
Instrument Headquarters, Harrison, N.J. 07029.
Circle

13 on

reader service card

Electronic
Instruments

Specialists demand the best tools of their trade.

equipment report
Leader LCG -391 Color-BarPattern Generator

Circle 98 on reader service card

IC- IZATION OF TEST EQUIPMENT

has been a nice thing for us, due to
the reduction in size, for only one
thing. This is very evident in one class
of test instruments-the color-bar dot
generators. I can remember when they
were as big as a tool box. Leader Electronic Corporation's newest entry into
this field is the little, but very handy
Model LCG -391 Color- Bar-Pattern
THE

Generator. Only six inches wide, eight

inches long and two inches high, it
takes up practically no room in a tube
caddy, tool box, etc.
The LCG -391 is almost 100% IC.
Only 6 discrete transistors are used,
three in the rf oscillator and modulator, and three more in the offset
color oscillator. The heart of this instrument is a pulse synthesizer circuit,
made up of nine IC's. It is fed from
a 378 -kHz clock oscillator, which is
counted down to provide the necessary
pulses to make up the standard convergence patterns; dots, cross -hatch,
horizontal and vertical lines. The dc
power supply of the LCG -391 is regulated by a tenth IC, for stability.
A crystal -controlled oscillator, on
3.56795 MHz, generates the offset sub carrier for the keyed- rainbow pattern
output. The vertical and horizontal
sync, plus both vertical and horizontal
blanking (a new feature) are added

in the video modulator. The rf output

is a full 10 mV. This can be switched
to either Channel 5 or Channel 6 by a

simple pushbutton on the front panel.

Two trimmers, accessible through
holes in the top of the case, can be
used to fine -tune the LCG -391, if
needed. The unit I got for test came
out right on the money on both
channels.
Another added feature is a clean
white raster. It can be used for purity
testing. It's often difficult to tell
whether you have good clean snow or
not, without such a pattern. Among
other uses, this is handy for checking
the dc power supply of the TV set for
ripple. This is often the cause of those
mysterious "floating bars" up and
down the raster, or "bars of colors"
doing the same thing. (Found this one
in the instruction book, and frankly,
I hadn't thought of it before. Thanks,
fellers.)
(turn page)

FteqIf1TERNATIONAL

uency

me et' Fm- zaoocH

Tests Predetermined Frequencies 25 to 1000 MHz
Extended Range Covers 950 MHz Band
Pin Diode Attenuator for Full Range Coverage
as Signal Generator
Measures FM Deviation

provides an
MOBILE
accurate frequency standard for
testing and adjustment of mobile
transmitters and receivers at predetermined frequencies.
The FM-2400CH with its extended range
covers 25 to 1000 MHz. The frequencies
can be those of the radio frequency channels
of operation and /or the intermediate frequencies of the receiver between 5 MHz and
The FM- 2400CH

FM- 2400CH

(meter only)
$595.00
crystals (with temperature correction)
24.00 ea.
RF crystals (less temperature correction)
18.00 ea.
IF crystals
catalog price
RF

40 MHz.

Frequency Stability: .0005% from +50

to +104 F.
Frequency stability with built-in thermometer
and temperature corrected charts: .00025%
from +25 to +125 (.000125% special 450
MHz crystals available).
Self- contained in small portable case. Complete
solid state circuitry. Rechargeable batteries.
WRITE FOR CATALOG!

INTERNATIONAL
CRYSTAL MFG. CO., INC.
10 NO. LEE

OKLA CITY. OKLA. 73102

Circle 69 on reader service card

25

The crosshatch and horizontal -vertical line patterns are also a bit different. The crosshatch actually generates
15 horizontal lines and 21 vertical
lines, making the squares smaller than
usual. This should make fine convergence adjustments easier. These aren't
all visible on a normally- scanned
raster, of course. One line each at top
and bottom, and one at each side, will
be masked off if the set is correctly
adjusted for width, height and vertical
linearity.
The lines are small and very sharp;
one nice feature of IC pulse generators. Their specialty is developing
very sharp spike pulses. Also, they're
extremely stable, another benefit of
this kind of generator. The patterns
were all as steady as a rock, on all
of the sets we checked. These patterns
can also be used for adjusting agc,
checking for sync stability, and signal tracing through the TV set.
Controls are held to a minimum.
The front panel has a rocker switch
for power, with a LED pilot light, the
CHANNEL selector, a little push- button
switch for channel selection, and the
RE OUTPUT jack. This is a dual jack,
feeding a 300 -ohm twin -lead cable,
with miniature clips. Two little holes
in the top of the case allow access to
the rf trimmers, if needed. The rf output of the LCG -391 is the standard

300 ohms balanced, but it can be used

with TV sets having 75 -ohm input,
without perceptible mismatch, according to the book. The rf output is high
enough to give a clean raster even on
sets without too much sensitivity.
A leatherette carrying case comes
with it, with plenty of room for the
unit, plus the line cord and rf cable.
The LCG -391 is housed in a stout
metal case, and the construction looks
very sturdy. Since this type of instrument will get quite a lot of banging
around in use, this is fine. It weighs
just a bit over two pounds.
We tried it out as soon as it came
in. As usual there were a couple of
sets needing to be checked. (Including my own.) One of the things that
impressed me on this one was the excellent stability of the patterns. In the
very first models, some years ago, this
was a real problem. My first one had
to be reset every couple of days, or it
would hula all over the place.
A very complete instruction book
comes with it. This has all of the setup
data, plus instructions for making not
only convergence tests, but signal tracing, agc, sync and even high -voltage regulator tests. Vectorscope patterns can also be generated with the
LCG -391 plus any good service scope.
Complete hookup data is given for
R -E
this.

Schober TR -3
Power Amplifier

f.

MODft

Nn,

,aANS,f*O, AMh0eE1

....:

4111

Circle 99 on reader service card

SCHOBER,

NAME LONG ASSOCIATED

with organs, has entered the high fidelity field with two solid -state power
amplifier kits: the mono version TR3M ($142) and the stereo version
TR-3D ($194.90) . The stereo version
consists of two independent amplifiers
which can be used as a stereo pair, or
as individual amplifiers for two separate signal sources and outputs. The
mono amplifier can be upgraded at
any time to full stereo capacity with
a model TCK -3 Conversion Kit

($59.20)

Both amplifiers are housed in a

metal utility cabinet measuring 51/2 in.
(continued on page 30)

/ekOM/K MASTER TEST RIG

FOR TUBE AND SOLID STATE SERVICING

N OW'
E5l,T

pdE Ft1G

HIGH VOLTAGE METER

STATIC CONVERGENCE
FRONT PANEL

30 KV CAPACITY

METAL CABINET
SPEAKER BUILT IN

CONNECTIONS
CONTAINS:

METER
SPEAKER

4!1*.

Universal Yoke
Convergence Assembly
Blue Lateral Assembly
Anode Extension

TMKY[RTFP

CRT Extension -90

70 /90

4;1
.

Adaptor

Yoke Extension
Transverter
Convergence Load
4 Solid State Adaptors
(Motorola /RCA/
Sylvania /Zenith)

MJ-195

$149.95
19 picture tube

less

Free subscription to cross reference listing of all popular TV sets:

Telematic
Circle

16 on

2245 PITKIN AVENUE -- BROOKLYN, N.Y.

reader service card

11207_

...with power for

the professional ... with economy for the hobbyist!

Fresh, from the laboratories of Continental Specialties, whose QT Sockets and Proto- Boards have taken the electronics market by storm
here are exciting NEW ideas to make your circuit design and testing faster, safer, easier and less expensive!

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PAM HAWN

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2 extra floating 5 -way binding posts for external signals.
Completely self- contained with power switch indicator lamp and
power fuse. 24 -14 pin DIP capacity. All metal construction ...
no chipping or cracking like plastic cases. Two -tone gold /black
quality case makes PB203 asthetically, as well as technically,
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PB203 contains: 3 QT -59S Sockets; 4
Strips; 1 QT -478 Bus Strip;

Here's a low cost, big 10 IC capacity

breadboard kit with all the quality of
QT Sockets and the best of the ProtoBoard series ... complete down to
the last nut, bolt and screw.
Includes 2 QT -35S Sockets;
1 QT -35B Bus Strip; 2 5 -way
binding posts; 4 rubber
feet; screws, nuts, bolts;
and easy assembly

instructions.
COMPLETE KIT

1 AMP regulated power supply;

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5V,
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ORDER

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1

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ORDER YOURS TODAY!

NEW! PROTO -CLIP for power -on,

hands -off signal tracing. Eliminates
shorting leads... and costs under $5
Bring IC leads up from pc board for
fast signal tracing and troubleshooting. Inject signals. Wire unused
circuits into boards. Scope probes
and test leads lock onto Dynagrip
(see circle) inset for hands -off
testing. New plastic construction
eliminates springs, pivots. Noncorrosive nickel /silver
contacts for simultaneous low resistance connections.
Narrow throat
for high density
pc boards.

14 -pin Proto -Clip

...$4.50 each
16-pin Proto -Clip
$4.75 each

...

Breadboard Assemblies
Here are four versatile new Continental Specialties'
Proto Boards, made from convenient combinations
of QT Sockets and Bus Strips, that let you make
all circuit and power interconnections with

solid #22 wire, while power

distribution busses make wiring a snap.
Aluminum base plates offer solid work
surfaces and perfect ground plane. Rubber
feet prevent scratching. Each Proto Board
features one or more 5 -way binding
posts to tie into system or power
supply ground. And all are compatible
with digital and linear ICs, in T05s,
DIP packs and discrete components.
Each is assembled and ready -to -use.

Proto Board 102. Compact. 12 -14

pin DIP capacity. 7 ", 41/2".

3995

Proto Board 101.

Compact. Inexpensive.
10-14 pin DIP capacity.

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1i

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Proto Board 103.

2,250 solderless tie
points. (4) 5 -way
binding posts.
24-14 pin DIP
capacity.

5995

9"

2995

4.5" wide.

Prcto Board 104.

Huge. 3,060 solderless
tie points. (4) 5 -way
binding posts. 32 -14 pin
D'p capacity. 91/2" long
x 8" wide.
95

x 6 ".

Available off- the -shelf at your local distributor or order directly from Continental
Specialties. Phone charges accepted for BankAmericard, Master Charge, American
Express. Write for Fiee catalog. Dealer inquiries invited.

Metric -to- English SLIDE RULE.

Convert lengths, area, weight,
volume instantly. Yours FREE with
a minimum $5.00 order!

=M=

Circle

15 on

Continental Specialties Corporation

reader service
card

44 Kendall St., Box 1942, New Haven, Conn. 06512

Telephone: (203) 624 -3103
CANADA:

Available thru Len Finkler, Ltd.

Downsview, Ontario

...

SCELBI COMPUTER CONSULTING,

INC.

Announces The Totally New and The Very First

MINI -COMPUTER
Designed For The
ELECTRONIC /COMPUTER HOBBYIST!
a true digital mini -computer with computing power that will astound you! At a LOW,
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versatile electronic wonder has been designed
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It is all solid state and conservatively designed
to provide years of lasting pleasure. It is a fully
programmable machine.
A complete line of peripheral units are available
to use with the SCELBI -8H. Such as an interface
that turns a low cost oscilloscope into a complete alpha- numeric display system, low cost
keyboard and TTY interfaces, and an interface
that turns a low cost audio tape cassette unit
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Plus
a large selection of software! Programs
such as Editors, Assemblers, Calculator packages, I/O routines for ASCII and Baudot machines and SCELBI interfaces, Data manipulating
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And, the skill and support of an organization
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Professionals who have been delivering SCELBI8H systems for more than a year!
Fully tested card sets for the SCELBI -8H start
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real "do it yourself" buffs, we now offer "unpopulated" p.c. card sets starting as low as $135.00.
(Domestic prices.)
Literature available by request:
SCELBI COMPUTER CONSULTING, INC.

appliance clinic

This is

Boston Post Road

CT. 06460
Phone (203) 874.1573

1322 Rear

Milford,

Circle 17 on reader service card

Catalog

WITH
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Name
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Zip

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X Apt. No.

AUTOMATIC COFFEE -MAKER

by JACK DARR
SERVICE EDITOR

THE FULL NAME OF THIS ELECTRICAL

appliance is "Automatic Electric

Coffee -Maker With Keep -Warm Provisions", but everybody just says "electric coffee- pot ". I'd say that it was a
toss -up as to whether there are more
of these in use than electric toasters.
Anyway, there are an awful lot of
them in use.
They differ slightly in actual construction, but basically they're a lot
alike. They have a heating element
mounted at the bottom of the pot.
This is controlled by a thermostat. In
the automatic type, the full heat stays
on until the coffee is brewed. The
thermostat then opens, and connects
another heating element in series with
the first. This reduces the current and

concentrates the heat, and starts the

"perking" action quicker. A flange on
the thermostat bracket goes over and
down alongside one turn of the main
element. A small lever coming through
the side of the base operates a "cam"
which is in contact with the flange.
Turning the lever toward STRONG
moves the flange farther away from
the element. So, the heat takes longer

temperature, and the coffee stays

warm. The same action also turns on
a

little neon pilot lamp signalling

"Coffee's Ready ".

There isn't a lot to go wrong in one
of these. Most of the trouble will be
found in the line cord. This has a
small appliance plug, which fits the
contact pins on the base of the pot. If
nothing works, this should be checked
first. The heating element or thermostat can break down, but this is pretty
rare. The elements are of the metal sealed type, similar to the elements
used in the electric ranges, and are
very durable. The thermostats are also
sealed units, of a special type. Figure
1 shows an exploded view of a typical
coffee -maker of this type.
The thermostat uses a ceramic magnet with some unusual qualities. When
it's cold, it's a normal magnet. It pulls
the thermostat contacts together, closing the circuit. When it has been
heated up to a given temperature for
a certain period of time, the magnet
loses its "pull ", and a small spring
opens the contacts. When the magnet
has cooled off enough, it regains its
magnetism and closes the contacts.
An ingenious method is used to
control the brewing time, to make coffee stronger or weaker. The body of
the thermostat is mounted on the
underside of the pot, held in place by
a metal bracket. The main heating

element is wound around

small

"well" in the bottom of the pot. This

Circle 18 on reader service card

www.americanradiohistory.com

MAIN
ELEMENT

CONTROL
THERMOSTAT

PILOT
"KEEP
WARM"

',
FLAVOR CONTROL

SET-SCREW
FIG.

to get to the thermostat, and the coffee brews longer. Moving the flange
closer to the element makes the thermostat heat up faster, and cut off
sooner. Fig. 2 shows a rough sketch
of how this works.
Fig. 3 shows the schematic of this
unit. When the pot is plugged in, the
thermostat contacts are closed, shorting out the keep-warm element. When
the thermostat operates, the keep-

warm element is connected in series

with the main one. So, the current is
reduced, and the temperature goes
down. The voltage drop across the
keep-warm element is enough to make
the neon lamp light.
Diagnoses of trouble in these is
fairly easy. If the coffee brews normally, but then it gets cold, the main
element and thermostat are OK but
the keep -warm element is open. In
this case, the neon pilot light would
light, probably quite brightly. If the
pot won't heat at all, check the line
cord and appliance plug first. Continuity tests across the line pins on the
base will tell you whether the element
is open or not.
In most types of these units, the pot
is mounted on a bakelite or plastic
ONE TURN
OF MAIN

HEATING
ELEMENT

THERMOSTAT

POT

STRONG

WEAK

FLANGE

LEVER

FIG. 2

Henri' ;YloMinsrna:

I1I can learn to fix

my own appliances...
ou can too!"
"I have 10 thumbs . .. five on each
hand. So fixing appliances hasn't been
one of my strong points. But I saw
an ad that said they could teach me all
I need to know ... at home, in my
spare time. I sent for the NRI catalog
on their course in Servicing Electrical
Appliances ... and it looked like a
pretty good deal. Now that I'm into
the course, I can tell you this : it's the
only thing I've ever sent away for that
was even better than they said it was !
Now I can
thumb my nose
at the repairman. I really
can do it myself. Not just
the toaster
or mixer,

but the big stuff,

too ... like
the washer,
oven, even
the lawn
mower
engine.
They give you everything you need.
Bite-size lessons you can handle, with
an experienced instructor ready if
you need help. You even build the
professional appliance tester that
the pros use for trouble shooting
and repairs.
The course is short, it doesn't cost
very much, and you'll soon find
yourself picking up spare time money
doing repairs for other people. They
even show you how to set up your
own business, if you've a mind to.
Find out for yourself. Send for the
free catalog. If I can do it, so can you."

THERMOSTAT
117

VAC

MAIN
HEATING
ELEMENT

RUSH COUPON FOR

FREE CATALOG.
No Salesman

will call
FIG.

base. The electrical connections and

wiring will be inside this, for protection. To take the base off the one
shown in Fig. 1, turn it upside down.
You'll see two small screws in the
middle of the base. Take these out.
There will be a small set -screw on
the end of the flavor- control knob.
Take this out, and the knob will slide

Please send me your free catalog "Servicing

Electrical Appliances ".

off.

Next, very carefully work the base

Age

Name

(Please Print)

loose from the pot. Take it easy; the

wires are usually pretty short, and you

can break them loose unless you're
lucky. Most of the connections will
be made with push -on connectors.
You can reach inside the base with a
pair of long -nose pliers and take them
off for testing. The thermostat, and
other parts, will be bolted in place
with metal brackets. Be very careful
of the leads to the neon lamp. These
are pretty small, and easy to break. If
the worst doe's happen, this is a standR -E
ard NE-2 lamp.

Street

City
Zip

State

Approved for Career Training under G' Bill

check for information.

NRI
A'
McGraw

NRI SCHOOLS

fit!!

-Hill Continuing
Education Center
i3939 Wisconsin Avenue,
Washington, D.C. 20016

Accredited Member National Home Study

Council

switch is a reset circuit breaker. Normally, the power switch can be set to
otv, with the line voltage controlled
through one of the ac outlets on the
associated pre- amplifier.
The amplifier is completely push pull from input to output. Each ampli-

EQUIPMENT REPORT
(continued from page 26)
wide x 8 in. high x 113/s in. deep. The
mono version weighs 161/2 lbs.; the
stereo model is 171/2 lbs. The rated
power output per channel at the clipping level with both channels driven is
100 watts into 4 ohms, 78 watts into
8 ohms and 50 watts into 16 ohms, all
with a 117 Vac power source.
Each channel has its own input
sensitivity control and full power output is attained over an input signal
range of 0.15 to 1 volt. The sensitivity
controls are in series with the input
signal, and the amplifiers' input im-

fier consists of three basic direct -

coupled "building blocks ", which are,

in turn, direct coupled to each other.
Because there is no dc output voltage,
no output coupling capacitor is used
and the amplifier provides almost instant overload recovery.
The assembly manual is greatly detailed, starting with basic construction
information and progressing through
step by step assembly. This is followed
by an Installation and Operating section which details mounting and interconnection procedures. Finally, there
is a Service section with typical symptoms, probable causes, and a voltage
chart.
Measured Performance. In actual
lab measurements the TR -3D stereo
model with both channels driven at
1000 Hz delivered at the clipping level:
90.3 watts rms into 4 ohms, 72 watts
into 8 ohms and 45 watts into 16
ohms. The maximum power output per
channel 20 to 20,000 Hz into 8 ohms
was 50 watts rms. The power output
capacity is actually greater than 50
watts per channel, however, the circuit

pedance is between 33,000 and 100,000

ohms depending on the setting of the
sensitivity controls. Volume controls
are also provided.
All input and output connections,
controls and switches are mounted on
the front panel. The outputs are available at 5 -way binding posts with standard 3/a in. spacing. The inputs are
standard phono jacks. The sensitivity
controls are recessed screwdriver adjustments, while the volume controls
for each channel have standard knobs.
In the center of the front panel is a
large rocker switch which illuminates
when power is applied to the amplifier.
Immediately adjacent to the power

breaker opened whenever we attempted

to exceed the 50 watts /8 ohms specification with a sustained sine -wave. The
power amplifier easily handled its rated
power output of 78 watts into 8 ohms
with power bursts (less than two seconds).
The frequency response at 50 watts
into 8 ohms measured +0.8/ -0 dB
from 20 to 20,000 Hz. Distortion at
this power was 0.2% THD at 20 Hz,
falling to 0.1% THD at 1000 Hz, and
rising to a maximum of 0.45% THD
at 20,000 Hz. Both the signal -to -noise
ratio and channel separation measured
71 dB.

The actual input sensitivity range

for a 50 watts/8 ohm output was 0.14
to 1.3 volts.

Unusual Use. Because the metal

cabinet has a handle, and because of
its relatively small size and weight, the
Schober TR -3 amplifier, in addition to
high -fidelity use, can serve as an excellent power booster for movie and
slide shows in typical school and building auditoriums. It can be driven to
full power output by all movie and
slide projectors, as well as by all cassette, cartridge and reel -to -reel recorders. Even battery portable cassettes can
drive the Schober TR -3 power amplifier
by simply taking the signal from the
"earphone" or "speaker" output of the
R -E
recorder.

Here's everything

Here's everything

you'd expect from a high -priced

signal generator.

you'd expect from a high -priced

Hi-Low FET multimeter.
Except a high price.

Except a high price.

Our new B & K Model 2050 Solid -state RF Signal
Generator has features other companies charge
much more for. Look at our specs: 100% Solid state silicon circuitry with FET's in RF and audio
oscillator stages. 6 bands with 1.5% accuracy
from 100 kHz to 30 MHz. 3 outputs: RF, modulated RF (400 Hz), and externally modulated RF.
Positive anti -backlash dial drive. Zener-regulated
power supply. You needn't pay high prices for
versatility, accuracy and reliability -now there's
the Model 2050. And that's just what you'd expect from B & K.
Contact your distributor, or write Dynascan
Corporation.

$10700

Introducing the B &K Model 290 solid -state FET

Multimeter. Just by glancing at its specs, you can
tell that the 290 is capable of more applications
than any other multimeter in its class. 75 ranges.
Hi -Lo power ohms ranges (low power only 33 mV).
15 megohms input impedance. A large 7 "meter.
50 mV to 1500V full -scale sensitivity on both AC
and DC. 50 micro-amp current range. Rx0.1 ohm
range with 1 ohm center scale lets you measure
low resistance down to .01 ohm. Circuit provides
automatic overload protection with fuses and spark
gaps. More multimeter for your money -that's
-just what you expect

from B &K.

Contact your
distributor, or write
Dynascan Corporation.
Model 290 Hi -Low
FET Multimeter including Model PR -21
Probe:

Si

NW

SO'

4473 Very good equipment at a very good price.

Dynascan Corporation.
1801 West Belle Plaine Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60613

Circle 19 on reader service card

00

Very good equipment at a very good price.

Dynascan Corporation.
1801 West Belle Plaine Avenue. Chicago, Illinois 60613

Circle 20 on reader service card

10MHz 3" Triggered Sweep Scope

.
1/3 the size of comparably
performing scopes

this sweep /marker generator

replaces four instruments

Model
1431

$399.00
only 43/a"
high

It's a lightweight 13 pounds in your hand with heavyweight wideband scope performance on your bench or
jobsite. Only 35 nanosecond rise time, 10 millivolts
division sensitivity and 19 calibrated auto or triggered
sweep speeds from 0.5 usec /cm to 0.5 sec /cm with 5X
magnification. Pushbutton selected sync modes include
internal, external, pos and neg slope, and TV horizontal
and TV vertical with exclusive TV sync separator. If
you've been waiting to buy a portable scope until you
could get all the features you'll ever need at a price you
want to pay, you've been waiting for the B &K Precision
Model 1431. See your distributor or write Dynascan
Corporation.
PRODUCTS Of

DYNASCAN

1801 W. Belle Plaine

Chicago, IL 60613

Circle

21 on

ve.

(312) 327 -7270

our

Model 1460 triggered -sweep scope.)

And it analyzes all semi -conductors including
J- FET's, MOS- FET's, signal and power bipolar
transistors, SCR's, UJT's and diodes. Fast and easy.
Constant current and voltage steps with 3%
accuracy make the Model 501A an exceptional
value. In fact, it performs like $2,000 units. Yet you
can afford one on
each engineer's
bench. And another

for incoming quality

control.
Call your B &K
distributor. Or write
Dynascan Corporation.

/au

PRODUCTS Of

DYNASCAN

1801 W. Belle Plaine Ave.

Chicago, IL 60613 (312) 327 -7270

Circle 22 on reader service card

&K Model 501A.

It hooks up to any scope, old or new. (Like

$459

Simplify IF and chroma alignment! Model 415 cornbines all the functions of a sweep generator, marker
generator, marker adder and multiple bias supply.
No connection changes are necessary after the initial hookup. Its 10 crystal -controlled IF markers can
be shown either vertically or horizontally on your
scope, and they light up on the front-panel IF response and chroma bandpass diagrams as you use
them. The comprehensive manual helps you make
alignments with confidence. In stock now at your
local distributor or write Dynascan.

reader service card

Introducing
the expensive
curve tracer that
doesn't cost a lot.
The

Model 415

$16300

You'd probably expect a

portable oscilloscope as rugged and
reliable as this one to cost a lot.
You'd be wrong.
Introducing the B & K Model 1403 3" Solid -state
oscilloscope. It's so compact, reliable, and inexpensive that it's the perfect scope for most onthe-line monitoring applications. Look at its specs:
DC to 2MHz bandwidth at 20mV /cm. Recurrent
sweep speeds from 10Hz to 100k Hz. New wide angle CRT to reduce case depth to a minimum.
Direct-deflection terminals for waveforms up to
150 MHz. Weighs only 81/z pounds. And has a
smoked acrylic graticule for trace sharpness and
easy reading. All the reliability and accuracy you
need in a monitor scope -at a surprisingly
low price.
Contact your distributor, or write
Dynascan Corporation.

$18900

stock at your
parts distributor.
In

Product of Dynascan Corporation

1801 West Belle Plaine Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60613

__

Very good equipment at

a very good price.

Dynascan Corporation.
1801 West Belle Plaine Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60613

Circle 23 on reader service card

Circle 24 on reader service card

31

www.americanradiohistory.com

IIUUU

flNNUUN[E:

THE CT-1024

TE11N1L

SYSTEF1

DISPLAYS UP TO 16 LINES (of 32 Characters) AT ONE TIME.

1,024 Character Two Page Memory Capacity
STANDARD.
* Plug -In Circuits to adapt the terminal to any requirement at lowest possible cost.
* Requires +5 Volts DC @ 2.5 Amps, -5 and -12 Volts @ 20 Ma.
* Use with any TV set
*

* Up to date, low power consumption STATIC type MOS Memory.

*

No complicated refresh or power -down circuits needed.

At last we can tell you about the most versatile, video display terminal kit available anywhere; the Southwest
Technical CT -1024. Our terminal is designed around a basic
mother board and a 6,144 bit memory that will display
two pages of data on any standard television set, or monitor. The two pages consist of 16 lines with 32 characters on
each line. Input may be any source of parallel ASCII code;
keyboard, computer, etc. If the system is to be used for a
display, teaching aid, deaf communicator, or other similar
purpose; this is all you will need.

allows either the keyboard, or the computer to access the

terminals memory and display data on the screen.
For those applications where it is useful, we also have an
"off line edit ", or "screen read" plug -in circuit #CT -E.
This allows you to compose a program, or message on the
terminals display screen and transmit it out a line at a time
when you are finished and satisfied that everything is correct.

If you would like the convenience of complete cursor conOther applications of a terminal system such as remote time
share, RTTY, etc require an interface having a serial output.
For these applications you add our# CT -S plug-in UART
card to the mother board. This allows you to transmit and
receive ACSCII coded data in serial form at a rate of 110
baud. (300 and 600 baud options are available). The
standard RS -232 type interface connects directly to your
transmitter FSK modulator, modem system, or what have
you.

If you are going to use the CT -1024 directly with a computer I/O port that requires a parallel ACSCI input, then
you will want our parallel interface card, #CT -P which
I

zo
cc

ow
JW
O
O
cc

32

trol, we have our # CT -CM plug -in board. This

gives you

Move Right, Move Left, Move Up, Move Down, Home Up,
Erase to end of line and Erase to end of frame functions.
These are operated by keyswitches, or any other type
switches you may wish to use, giving you complete manual

control of the cursor.

If the terminal is to be part of a computer system, you
might prefer our automatic cursor control circuit #CT -CA.
This plug -in not only allows you to control the cursor and
to perform the functions listed above, but makes possible
computer control of these same functions through the
machines software.

# CT -1024 Terminal System Kit with 1024 Memory Card -less

# CT -E Screen Read Plug -in Card Kit
# CT -M Manual Cursor Control Plug -in Card Kit
# CT -P Power Supply for CT- 1024 -115 -230 Volt Primaries
# KBD -2 Keyboard Kit - 53 Keys

cabinet or power supply

$175.00 PPd
$
$
$
$

17.50
11.50
15.50
39.95

PPd

PPd

PPd

PPd

FREE -1975 Catalog -Circle our number on the "Bingo" card.

SOUTHWEST TECHNICAL PRODUCTS CORPORATION

219 W. RHAPSODY

SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS 78216

Circle 25 on reader service card

www.americanradiohistory.com

Build this brainwave monitor

for Alpha waves. You can
use it to learn how to control
your Alpha waves and gain
from the benefit of the relaxation that comes with it.

by MARK EHREN*
PROBABLY ONE OF THE MOST FASCI-

nating and intriguing elements within

the human body are the constant and
cryptic signals that originate within
the depths of the brain.
Until a few years ago, these signals
were considered to be only messages
transmitted from the brain to the various organs and muscles, much like the
signals within a telephone exchange.
However, recent electronic developments have shown that these miniscule
electrical signals are more than just
muscle acitvators, but can be "demodulated" to determine the state of the
emotions of the person being measured.
Where do these tiny, but important
signals originate? Called bio-potentials,
these tiny voltages exist in all living
organisms, originate deep within the
cellular structure, and can usually be
detected in the local skin areas.
A visit to a doctor for a checkup
will illustrate the uses of some of these
bio- potentials. You will note that the
doctor attaches electrodes to certain
areas of the chest to record what is
called an EKG, or electrocardiagram.
The wiggly lines produced on his recorder indicate the state of the heart
by amplifying, detecting and further
amplifying these tiny voltages to operate the pens in the recorder. With
some electrodes attached to certain
areas of the skull, the doctor can also
perform an EEG -an electro- encephalogram in which certain brain waves
are analyzed for the detection of some
disorders. In other areas, there is the

electromyogram- (EMG), or the

measurement of the activity of the

muscles that also generate minute voltages as they are flexed. All of these
signals are tiny, and range from a few
microvolts to as many as 100 microvolts.

Other signals, generated deep within

the brain, have not yet been fully explained, but do have a lot to do with
*Marketing Director, EICO, Electronic
Instrument Co.

the state of the emotions (whether you

are calm or irritated, awake or asleep,

etc.).
Most of these signals have been
identified, and some numbers have
been attached to them. The following
list illustrates the presently known

brain waves, and their associated

mental states:
Alpha: frequency is approximately
8 to 12 Hz, and the associated mental
state is relaxation, heightened awareness, elation, and in some cases,
dreamlike.
Beta: frequency is approximately
13 to 28 Hz, and the associated mental state is irritation, anger, jitters,
frustration, worry, tension, etc.
Delta: frequency is approximately
.2 to 3.5 Hz, and the associated mental
state is usually a deep sleep, or a
trance -like state.
Theta: frequency is approximately
3.5 to 7.5 Hz and the associated mental state is fuzzy, unreal, uncertainty,
daydreaming, ambiguity.
The various areas and their associated frequencies are not sharply defined and there is some overlap be-

tween alpha and beta, beta and theta,

and theta and alpha.
Probably the most discussed brain
wave is alpha, with its connotations of
Eastern meditation, Zen, Yoga, etc.
First noted by Hans /Berger (Germany) and E. D. Adrian and B. H. C.
Mathews (England) in the early '30's
during a study of EEG waves, they
noted that the alpha seemed to disappear when the subject's eyes were
open, or if the subject engaged in mental activity while he was wired to the
EEG device. In the years since, many
researchers have attempted to discover
whether alpha is associated with mental effort, or from a relief from mental effort. Many brain researchers are
still unsure. You can still get many
arguments as to whether the eyes
should be open or closed during an

alpha experiment. Many experimenters

close their eye lids but unconsciously
turn their eyes upward when they do
this. Therefore, in many instances the
alpha that does appear at this time is
a direct function of what their eye
muscles are doing.
Then there are many varieties of

-9V.
ALPHA

BRAIN WAVE

MONITOR

J2

-GROUND

R8

C5

JI

GROUND-

JI-

+
)-

FIG. 1 (righ
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM of the Alpha Brainwave Monitor. FIG. 2 (above)
FOIL PATTERN of circuit board shown actual size. FIG. 3 (left)- COMPONENT LAYOUT of
the circuit board.

alpha. Low -level signals can mean a

different set of behavioral and personality characteristics than do a high level set of signals. Whether the alpha
occurs at the lower or higher frequency end of the zone also means
different things for different people.
Then there is the area of the head that
produces the most easily detected
alpha. In fact, within the same person,
each different aspect of form or location has many different meanings to
the trained operator.
To conclude anything about alpha is
perilous. The 20-billion cells within
the brain runs the mind and body.
We cannot learn all the secrets merely
by examining some local electrical
topography.
The amount of alpha usually increases with practice. Many subjects
can double the amount of alpha after
a couple of hours of biofeedback practice, and after another session, increase it even further.
Now, how does one detect the existence of alpha and learn to control
it to gain benefit from the relaxation

CIRCUIT BOARD of the Alpha Brainwave

Monitor with all the components installed.

that comes with it? Obviously, several

years of Yoga or Zen training will
come in handy. But, with advances in
the state of electronics, it is possible
to use a relatively simple electronic
device to short -cut those long years
of training. This device will not give
the same results as those attained in
the years of study, but will give you
some of them, particularly in the area
of relaxation, something that we all
have a need for in our busy and complex lives.
Basic alpha detector
Because of the very low levels of
signal involved (only a handful of
microvolts), a high -gain low-noise preamplifier must be used. Some form of
bandpass filter must be used to pass
only the 8 to 12 Hz of the desired
alpha and remove any other signal,
and any noise. The filtered alpha frequencies can then be used to control
a low -level audio oscillator whose tone
signal then indicates the presence of
alpha. This is the purpose of the device whose schematic is shown in
Fig. 1.
The basic alpha wave is initially
detected by a pair of electrodes that
make electrical contact with the scalp.
Two types of electrodes are used: an
earlobe clip that forms the "ground"
(or reference) contact, and a nickel plated electrode that is coupled to the
posterior (occipital) region of the
scalp via some conductive electrode
paste. A headband using a Velcro closure keeps the head electrode in place
during the tests.

34

www.americanradiohistory.com

The minute voltages picked up enters the circuit via J1 and fed to a low noise, high -gain amplifier Q1, whose
gain is established by the setting of
front panel "Sensitivity" control R5.
The amplified output signal at the
collector of Q1 consists of a broad
spectrum of signals (and noise) including the 8- to 12 -Hz alpha we are
seeking.
ICI -a (part of a 5558 dual opamp) is connected as a narrow-band
active filter whose components are selected to form a filter having a center
frequency of about 10 Hz (center of
alpha) 2 Hz so as to encompass the
entire known alpha frequency span.
All frequencies other than the desired
alpha are greatly attenuated. Incidentally, other alpha devices that do not
incorporate such active filters allow all
frequencies to pass, thus unnecessarily
complicating the detection of the desired alpha.
The sharply filtered alpha signals
are then passed to ICI-b (the second
half of the 5558 dual op -amp). This
stage forms an almost -square wave
generator (actually a rectangular wave
having a 20% duty cycle) that is continuously in operation. Other alpha
devices that use the alpha signal to
start an audio oscillator is considered
by some researchers to work against
the user as the sudden "turn on" of
the tone can startle the use, thus affecting the generation of alpha. Research has also shown that a single,
low -level tone that is continuously on,
and frequency modulated by the users
alpha is more conducive to alpha

R15
18K

Ci

T 100pF

R3'

1C1A

R10

12

27K

5558

R4

R1<
1.2 MEG

1C1B
1/2

4.3 MEG

R9

5558

5.1 K

39K
R13
330S2

J1

ELECTRODE

01

C2
10p F

2N5088
R5

R7

4.3 MEG

2K
SENS

C5

C6

22pF

.015pF

C3- -C4

R6

15K

100F

002F

R12

39K
R11

22K

R2

680K

C8
10p

e--MM
R8

16K

C7

1pF

V-

R14
2K

VOLUME

C9

.02pF

J2

EARPHONE
(HI Z)

Parts List

B1

-9 -volt battery

(NEDA1604, Mercury 146X,

or similar)

Cl, C3-100-AF 15 -volt electrolytic

C2, C8-10-AF, 15-volt electrolytic
C4-.002-AF
C5-.22-AF Mylar 10%

C6- .015-pF
C7 -.1 -AF
C9-.02 -aF

J2- miniature

Q1- 2N5089

ance light -weight earphones, electrode

paste, headband with Velcro closure, mounting hardware.
2000 ohms

The following Items are available from

Dean Adv. Inc., 283 Malta St., Brooklyn,
N.Y. 11207.

R8 -5100 ohms
R9, R11- 39,000 ohms

Mylar 10%

Printed circuit board (etched, drilled &

screened). $4.00 postpaid.
Electrode- headband kit including head-

R10- 22,000 ohms

R12 -330 ohms
R14- 18,000 ohms

1C1 -5558 dual op -amp

J1,

R2- 680,000 ohms

R3- 27,000 ohms
R4, R7-4.3 megohms
R5, R13- potentiometer,
R6- 15,000 ohms
R7- 16,000 ohms

-spst switch
Misc. -PC board,
S1

earphone jack

suitable enclosure, knobs

All resistors 1/2 watt, 10 %, unless noted

R1 -1.2 megohm, 1/2 watt

(2), battery holder, battery connector, elec-

"learning ". The voltage -to- frequency

generator used here (ICI -b) emits a
low -level ( approximately 700 Hz)
pleasant tone and when alpha occurs,
this tone will shift in frequency. The
amount of frequency shift is proportional to the amplitude (intensity) of
the alpha and the number of frequency shifts per second is directly
related to the brainwave frequency
alpha causes a 10 -Hz shift, while theta
produces a 5-Hz shift. This sounds
something like the "vibrato" on an
electric organ.
The output of ICI -b is then coupled
to front -panel volume control R14
and fed to lightweight stethoscopic type high- impedance earphones whose
light weight insures maximum comfort even after long hours of use.

press -on lettering to identify the front panel elements, and the various "level"
settings of the two potentiometers as
shown in the front -view photograph.

trodes, interconnecting cable, high -imped-

How to build it
Although any type of short -lead
clean construction may be used, the
PC board shown actual size in Fig. 2
is the best approach. The component
installation is shown in Fig. 3. In the
interest of safety, the device must be
powered by an internal battery. Do
not connect the alpha device to any
external system using an ac power
supply as any leakage, however slight,
can be lethal across the skull electrodes.
Select an enclosure that can accommodate the PC board, the 9 -volt battery and holder, and whose front panel
can accommodate volume control
R14, and associated on /off switch Si,
sensitivity control R5, input jack J1,
and output jack J2. Use some form of

Using the detector

Apply a small amount of electrode
paste to the earclip electrode, and
then clip this electrode to either the
right or left earlobe. Coat the front surface of the other electrode, and
parting the hair at the rear of the
skull, press this electrode close to the
skin. Use the headband to secure this
electrode in place, and the Velcro end
to secure it tight. Plug the end of the
electrode cable into J I.
Place the earphones comfortably
on the ears and position them for

maximum comfort. Plug its jack

into J2.
Sit in a comfortable chair, located
in a quiet place, place the feet flat on
the floor. Turn off any radios, hi -fi's,
etc., to reduce external influences,
turn down the lights, and relax.
Turn on the power, via volume control R14, adjust R14 for a pleasing
listening level, turn up the sensitivity.
After several seconds with the eyes
closed, and as relaxed as possible, the
tone will stabilize. You will soon note
the slight "warble" or "waa-waa" and
this indicates the presence of alpha.
Do not try to produce this rhythm
let the mind go and just listen for it.
If you fail to attain the tone variation,
check the electrode connections and
the presence of the electrode paste. In
some cases, alpha is more easily detected by placing the large electrode

band with electrodes, electrode cream,

high -impedance light- weight earphones.
$6.00 postpaid.
Complete Alpha Brainwave Monitor Kit
including all parts with case and knobs.
$34.50 postpaid.

(suitably paste covered) over one eyebrow. In some cases, alpha production increases in the frontal areas of
the brain.
It is difficult to describe how alpha
"sounds ". You have to close the eyes,
clear the mind of any visual imagery,
don't "try" to produce alpha, and
physically relax. Opening and closing
the eyes will produce some sort of
tone reaction, and what you are
searching for is the 10Hz warble of
the 700 Hz tone. If you have access
to an electronic organ, play F5 note
without "vibrato' or "tremolo" and
listen for the steady tone. Switch on
the "vibrato" or "tremolo" and note
the modulation of the tone. This, in
essence, is what the alpha sounds like.
Alpha monitoring is essentially an indication of the degree of relaxation,
therefore almost any relaxation technique you may know (non -alcohol and
non -drug) will facilitate alpha production.
Alpha sessions usually last for 10
to 15 minutes per day, and if you
stick to it, you will note a general
relaxation and a feeling of well being
after each alpha session. Do not keep
it up for more than 15- minutes a day
at first, as fatigue rapidly sets in,
nullifying any extra time. The two key
words here must be relaxation and
patience.
After each session, carefully wipe
each electrode clean with alcohol, as
skin oils; dirt, and other deposits may
accumulate to destroy the good electrical contact, thus degrading performR -E
ance.
35

One ofour
most successful students
wrote this ad!
Harry Remmert decided he
needed more electronics
training to get ahead. He
carefully "shopped around"
for the best training he could
find. His detailed report on why
he chose CIE and how it worked
out makes a better "ad" than
anything we could tell you.
Here's his story, as he wrote it
to us in his own words.

By Harry Remmert

Harry Remmert gives his CIE Electronics course much of the credit for
starting him on a rewarding career. He tells his own story on these pages.

present position, I was made

painfully aware of the fact that I had gotten just about
all the on- the -job training available. When I asked my
supervisor for an increase in pay, he said, "In what way
are you a more valuable employee now than when you
received your last raise ?" Fortunately, I did receive the
raise that time, but I realized that my pay was approaching the maximum for a person with my limited training.
"Education was the obvious answer, but I had enrolled
in three different night school courses over the years and
had not completed any of them. I'd be tired, or want to
do something else on class night, and would miss so many
classes that I'd fall behind, lose interest; and drop out.

neccessary. If I feel tired, stay late at work, or just feel lazy,

I can skip school for a night or two and never fall behind.
The total absence of all pressure helps me to learn more
than I'd be able to grasp if I were just cramming it in to
meet an exam deadline schedule. For me, these points
give home study courses an overwhelming advantage over
scheduled classroom instruction.
"Having decided on home study, why did I choose CIE?
I had catalogs from six different schools offering home
study courses. The CIE catalog arrived in less than one
week (four days before I received any of the other catalogs). This indicated (correctly) that from CIE I could
expect fast service on grades, questions, etc. I eliminated
those schools which were slow in sending catalogs.

The Advantages of Home Study

FCC License Warranty Important

"Therefore, it was easy to decide that home study was the

answer for someone like me, who doesn't want to be tied
down. With home study there is no schedule. I am the
boss and I set the pace. There is no cramming for exams
because I decide when I am ready, and only then do I
take the exam. I never miss a point in the lecture because
it is right there in print for as many re- readings as I find

"The First Class FCC Warranty* was also an attractive

point. I had seen "Q" and "A" manuals for the FCC exams,
and the material had always seemed just a little beyond
my grasp. Score another point for CIE.
CIE backs its courses with this famous Money-Back Warranty: when you

AFTER
FTER SEVEN YEARS in my

complete a CIE license preparation course, you'll be able to pass your FCC
exam or be entitled to a full refund of all tuition paid. Warranty is valid
during completion time allowed for your course.

"Another thing is that CIE offered a complete package:

FCC License and technical school diploma. Completion
time was reasonably short, and I could attain something
definite without dragging it out over an interminable number of years. Here I eliminated those schools which gave
college credits instead of graduation diplomas. I work in
the R and D department of a large company and it's been
my observation that technical school graduates generally
hold better positions than men with a few college credits.
A college degree is one thing, but I'm 32 years old, and
10 or 15 years of part -time college just isn't for me. No,
1 wanted to graduate in a year or two, not just start.
"When a school offers both resident and correspondence
training, it's my feeling that the correspondence men are
sort of on the outside of things. I wanted to be a full- fledged
student instead of just a tag -a -long, so CIE's exclusive
home -study program naturally attracted me.
"Then, too, it's the men who know their theory who
are moving ahead where I work. They can read schematics
and understand circuit operation. I want to be a good
theory man.
"From the foregoing, you can see I did not select CIE
in any haphazard fashion. I knew what I was looking for,
and only CIE had all the things I wanted.
Two Pay Raises in Less Than a Year

"Only eleven months after I enrolled with CIE, I passed

the FCC exams for First Class Radiotelephone License
with Radar Endorsement. I had a pay increase even before
I got my license and another only ten months later.
"These are the tangible results. But just as important are
the things I've learned. I am smarter now than I had ever
thought I would be. It feels good to know that I know what
I know now. Schematics that used to confuse me completely
are now easy for me to read and interpret. Yes, it is nice to
be smarter, and that's probably the most satisfying result
of my CIE experience.
Praise for Student Service

"In closing, I'd like to get in a compliment for my Correspondent Counselor who has faithfully seen to it that my
supervisor knows I'm studying. I think the monthly reports
to my supervisor and generally flattering commentary have
been in large part responsible for my pay increases. My
Counselor has given me much more student service than
"the contract calls for," and I certainly owe him a sincere
debt of gratitude.
"And finally, there is Mr. Tom Duffy, my instructor. I
don't believe I've ever had the individual attention in any
classroom that I've received from Mr. Duffy. He is clear,
authoritative, and spared no time or effort to answer my
every question. In Mr. Duffy, I've received everything I
could have expected from a full -time private tutor.
"I'm very, very satisfied with the whole CIE experience.
Every penny I spent for my course was returned many

times over, both in increased wages and in personal

satisfaction."

Perhaps you too, like Harry Remmert, have realized that

to get ahead in Electronics today, you need to know much
more than the "screwdriver mechanics." They're limited
to "thinking with their hands" . .. learning by taking
things apart and putting them back together . .. soldering
connections, testing circuits, and replacing components.
Understandably, their pay is limited -and their future, too.
But for men like Harry Remmert, who have gotten the
training they need in the fundamentals of Electronics, there
are no such limitations. He was recently promoted, with
a good increase in income, to the salaried position of Senior
Engineering Assistant working in the design of systems to
silence submarines. For trained technicians, the future is
bright. Thousands of men will be needed in virtually every
field of Electronics from two -way mobile radio to computer
testing and troubleshooting.
Send for Complete Information

- FREE

Many men who are advancing their Electronics career

started by reading our illustrated school catalog, "Succeed
in Electronics." It tells of the many electronics careers
open to men with the proper training. And it tells which
courses of study best prepare you for the work you want.
If you're "shopping around" for the training you need
to move up in Electronics, this interesting book may have
the answers you want. We'll send it to you FREE. With it,
we'll also include our other helpful book, "How To Get A
Commercial FCC License."
To get both FREE books, just fill out and mail the
reply card. For your convenience, we will try to have a
representative call. If card is missing, use coupon below.
APPROVED UNDER G.I. BILL
All CIE career courses are approved for educational

benefits under the G.I. Bill. If you are a Veteran or in service

now, check box for G.I. Bill information.

CI

Cleveland Institute
of Electronics, Inc.

1776 East 17th Street, Cleveland, Ohio 44114

Accredited Member National Home Study Council

Cleveland Institute of Electronics, Inc.

1776 East 17th Street, Cleveland, Ohio 44114
Please send me your two FREE books:
1.

Your school catalog, "Succeed in Electronics."

"How To Get A Commercial FCC License."

2. Your book on
I

especially interested in:

Electronic Communications
Electronics Technology
Industrial Electronics
Broadcast Engineering
Electronics Engineering
First Class FCC License
Electronics Technology with Laboratory

am

Name
(Please Print)

For men with prior electronics training

...

Address

Electronics Engineering Course

City

...Covers steady -state and transient network theory, solid -state

physics and circuitry, pulse techniques, computer logic and mathematics through calculus. A college -level course for men already
working in Electronics.

State

Zip

Veterans & Servicemen: Check here for

L
Circle 26 on reader service card

www.americanradiohistory.com

G. I.

Age

Bill information

RE-44

"

-at

made
the present time-within a
given price range. Still, a manufacturer cannot ride along with the same
models year after year, and since technology is limited, the logical step is to
improve the operating conveniences.
And operating convenience is just
what you'll find in the latest CB equipments.
Operating convenience is a two edged sword. To the hobbyist it means
all the controls and metering he might
possibly use to maximize the total
potential of CB. To the straight communications user of CB, maximum
operating convenience means push -thebutton- and-go, with no extraneous controls or switching to get between the
desire to send or receive a message
and the actual act of doing so.
So what we have is a basic need for
the maximum operating features and
a need for equipment virtually stripped
to the bare bones, and that's primarily
what's being offered in the new CB
equipments.

rf'1,IPMENT ROUNDL:

Here's what the manufacturers are offering

at the present time and the direction that they
will take in the future.
by HERB FRIEDMAN
IF THERE HAS BEEN ONE OUTSTANDING

feature of Citizens Band equipment it

is that each year has seen new and
dynamic applications of up-to- the -minute technology. From its humble beginnings with super-regenerative receivers, the modern CB transceiver has
grown into single sideband, and all
along the way its technological improvements spilled over into other
fields. The inexpensive mechanical

worthwhile for manufacturers to develop new types of mobile antennas

made possible the application of these
antenna designs for other markets.

And frequency

synthesis, which

SBE MODEL 26CB transceiver with squelch.

REGENCY STL -301 transceiver.

and ceramic filters which first became

popular in budget priced CB gear is
now found in commercial and hobby
two -way radio equipments. Similarly,
the great CB market which made it

couldn't get off the ground in hobby

and consumer equipment, made its
entry into the commonplace through
CB. Even the integrated circuit made
its major entry into the consumer field
through CB.
But there is a practical limit to technological advancement, a point beyond
which no further improvements can be

COBRA CAM -89 base station.

be expected to explode when the FCC

expands the existing 23-channel Class D
citizens band to 70 channels immediately
and to 100 channels eventually. As soon
as final rules are adopted, according to
the FCC proposal, the existing 26.9627.26 MHz Citizens band will be extended to 27.51 MHz. Channels 1
through 23 and new Channels 24
through 30 will be available for AM and
SSB (both upper and lower sideband)
transmission. These 30 channels, listed
in Table 1, will be available for both

NEW RULES FOR CP

New channel allocations could mean a boom
to CB. Here are the proposals that are before the
FCC and what they could mean to you.
by JACK HELMI
SALES OF CB RADIOS ROSE SHARPLY DURING

1974 as a result of nationwide publicity

that made more of the public aware that
Citizens Band radio existed. Newspapers
all over the country ran feature articles
about the ever expanding use of CB
radio by truckers for keeping in touch
with each other and warning both truckers and motorists about road hazards.
And, during the Labor Day weekend,
newspapers and news broadcasters told
the public about truckers using CB radio
to identify the car of a Southern California sniper who had killed three people
and injured six others.
CB radio received more public attention when it was made known that an
application for licensing 2000 CB radios
for installation in squad cars had been
filed by the Illinois State Police, so that
state troopers could communicate directly with motorists in need of police
assistance. Still more publicity resulted
from the application by the Missouri
Highway Patrol for federal funds to
cover the cost of CB radios for all of
its patrol cars. Earlier, the use of CB

40

radio by the Ohio State Patrol received

considerable national publicity.
And as CB radio got more and more
publicity, fewer and fewer newspapers
stopped referring to CB'ers as "hams"
when their reporters and editors found
that they are not the same.

inter- station communication (between

units of different licensees) and intrastation communication (between units of
the same licensee). Channel 9 will remain the emergency channel and Channel 11 will be the calling channel which

New channel allocations

The booming CB radio business can
CHANNEL8

f-GUARD
-5 kHz-+
BAND
2.7 kHz
A

r-

CHANNEL 10
K

+30 dBm
(1

WATT)

+6 dBm

(0.04 WATT)

rO

LO
LO

LO

+36 dBm
(4 WATTS)

CHANNEL9

o
CN

FREQUENCY IN MEGAHERTZ

1-

SPECTRAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTION for the existing 27 -MHz band CB Channels with
FIG.
a 2500 -Hz modulating signal.

With very few exceptions, CB man-

ufacturers now offer a complete line

ranging from a subminiature mobile
transceiver accommodating one, two
or up to six user -selected channels,
through full -coverage 23 channel high performance AM models, to feature
packed high performance AM models,
and ending up with high -performance
single -sideband (SSB) transceivers.
(There are no budget SSB models,
yet.)
The basic package still remains the
full coverage 23- channel high- performance AM transceiver, most having

(left) COURIER COP -SCAN

model

VHFL.

(right) PACE MODEL CB -105 6- channel

portable.

TABLE

AM /LSB /USB Channel Frequencies

ChanChanChannel
nel
nel
MHz
MHz
MHz
1
26.965
11
27.085
21
27.215
2
26.975
12
27.105
22 27.225
13 27.115
3 26.985
23 27.255
4 27.005
14 27.125
24* 27.235
5 27.015
15 27.135
25* 27.245
6 27.025
16 27.155
26* 27.265
7 27.035
17 27.165
27* 27.275
8 27.055
18 27.175
28* 27.285
9 27.065
19 27.185
29* 27.295
10 27.075
20 27.205
30* 27.305
proposed channel allocations

may be used only for establishing communication.

Another 40 new channels (60-99),
listed in Table 2, will be available only
for intra- station communication and the
use of suppressed carrier SSB (upper sideband) only will be manadtory. The proposed new rules also call for inclusion of
Channel 9 and Channel I capability for
all transceivers operable on four or more
channels. On these two channels, the
use of DSB (double sideband) AM or
compatible transmitted carrier single
sideband AM will be required so that
transmissions can be demodulated by an
AM receiver.
The carrier frequencies of the existing
27 -MHz band CB channels are separated by 10 kHz as shown in Fig. 1.
In this illustration, the Channel 9 carrier frequency (27.065 MHz) is repre-

PACE MODEL 120 base station.

"extra" features such as a remote

speaker connection, operation as a
public address (PA) amplifier (generally with a separate PA speaker connection). Metering is generally provided for relative power output and
signal strength, though standard Smeter calibrations are provided. High
receiver selectivity is generally attained
through ceramic or mechanical filters
in the second i.f. amplifier. In short,
the transceiver is primarily a repeat of
last year's model.
Where differences do exist it is
likely to be an upgrading on the basic
package, such as a noise blanker,
found on Tram's Diamond 40, among
others which feature AM and noise
blanking. And that's about the only
real technical highlight for the new
models. Other extras appear to be
primarily of special, but low demand
user interest; such as more models
featuring 12 -volt operation with either
positive or negative ground; two meters
(rf output and signal sensitivity) instead of one doing double -duty; separate switches for the remote speaker
sented by line G. When modulated by a
voice signal containing frequencies up
to 2500 Hz, the major upper sideband
extends to 27.0675 MHz (line H) and
the major lower sideband extends to
27.0625 MHz (line F). In addition, a

minor upper sideband (second harmonic

of 2500 Hz extends to 27.070 MHz (line
I) and the minor lower sideband to
27.060 MHz (line E). The actual bandwidth is 10 kHz ( 5.0 -kHz). Because
of the modulation products, however,
which must be at least 25 -dB below the
carrier level, the apparent occupied
bandwidth is 5 -kHz when the modulating
frequency is 2500 Hz. The illustration
shows the relative sideband power levels
with respect to 4 watts carrier level when
100 per cent tone modulation is applied.
It can be seen that the Channel 9 signal extends to the edge of the spectrum
space allocated to Channels 8 and 10.
Fortunately, the level of the minor sideD

CHANNEL

CHANNEL

2.6 kHz

60
UPPER

61

GUARD"1- BAND

SIDEBAND
A

1.1 kHz

UPPER

SIDEBAND

o0

ro

(`7

oul
MM

co

()C')

(VN

rs.
NN

FREQUENCY IN MEGAHERTZ

2-

SPECTRAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTION

for the proposed USB channels 60 and 61
with a 400- 2800 -Hz modulating signal.
FIG.

and PA speaker; possibly a headphone

output jack (which is nothing more
than another remote speaker output) ;
and one of the most useless features
of all, a noise limiter (not noise blanker) on -off switch. (Other oddball features of dubious value to most CB'ers
are a tape recorder output, and an
audio input which permits the transceiver to be used as a low power
(about 2.5 watts) audio amplifier.
None of these features really contribute either to ease of operation or
communications effectiveness, but they
do make this year's models different
from those of last year.)

GOLD LINE reflected power meter.

One feature formerly found on the

"gold- plated specials" which is now
being combined into more standard
transceivers, and which can be an important operating aid is the built -in
TABLE 2
Proposed SSB -Only Channels
Channel
60
61

62
63
64
65
66

67
68
69
70
71

72
73
74
75
76

77
78
79

MHz
27.310

Channel
80

27.315
27.320
27.325
27.330
27.335
27.340
27.345
27.350
27.355
27.360
27.365
27.370
27.375
27.380
27.385
27.390
27.395
27.400
27.405

81

82
83
84
85

86
87
88
89
90
91

92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99

MHz

27.410
27.415
27.420
27.425
27.430
27.435
27.440
27.445
27.450
27.455
27.460
27.465
27.470
27.475
27.480
27.485
27.490
27.495
27.500
27.505

band signals is low enough so that major

problems seldom occur. But, it is shown
that purity of the transmitted signals and
receiver selectivity are important.
The spacing of the Channel 60 and 61
USB signals, when 400 -2800 -Hz is applied, is shown graphically in Fig. 2.
Line B represents the lower edge of the
Channel 60 upper sideband which is 400Hz above the suppressed carrier frequency (27.310 MHz). The upper edge
of this sideband is represented by line D
and is 2800 -Hz above the suppressed
41

CB EQUIPMENT ROUNDUP

"gold-plated" models, we find an interesting feature sure to find its way

into many more brands as the year
progresses. Hy-Gain has incorporated
an antenna tuner into several of its
models, among them the Hy -Range
III Mobile Transceiver. While all CB
transceivers are made to work into the
standard 50 ohms impedance of CB
antennas, there are times when a
mobile /portable unit might have to
use a random length of wire for an
antenna, or, more typical, a mobile
antenna of the straight whip variety
won't be 50 ohms. The built-in antenna tuner provides the most optimum
match between the transmitter and a

SWR meter such as found on the SBE

Console H. The built-in SWR meter,
at its worst has absolutely no adverse
effect on overall transceiver performance; at its best it gives instant notice
of the condition of the antenna system.
The same cannot be said of a microphone gain control -the latest idea to
hit the average CB transceiver. Many
manufacturers seem to believe that
adjustable microphone gain is the up
and coming "most desired feature."
When done properly, such as in the
Pearce -Simpson Bengal SSB (AM and
SSB operation), where a microphone
gain control is provided in conjunction
with a modulation meter, user adjustable microphone gain can insure optimum modulation. But, and it's a big
BUT, several transceivers have a
microphone gain control, no means
of indicating the percent modulation,
and no 100% modulating limiting.
The user can easily crank up enough
mike gain to severely overmodulate,
producing a signal with almost unbelievable distortion. (Most strange.
CB transmitters are supposed to be
limited to 100% modulation.) Without
a modulation meter of some type the
adjustable microphone gain is a classic
example of a good idea gone wrong.
Moving up to the higher priced, or

small speakers, by attenuating the

highs. But it's debatable whether defeating the agc has any value since
any signal stronger than a flea's whisper will overload a receiver without agc.
SHAKESPEARE CB whip

mobile antenna for cars,

trucks and recreational
vehicles.

Channel 9 signal (Fig. 1) could extend

1.35 -kHz closer to the Channel 8 or 10
spectrum, depending upon the direction
of the frequency error. The FCC proposes 0.002% frequency tolerance for
the USB channels. If the frequency error
of a Channel 61 signal (Fig. 2) is
-0.002% and that of a Channel 60
signal is -0.002 %, the separation of
the edges of their main sidebands will
be reduced to about 1.1 kHz.
The Notice of Proposed Rules Making
tentatively calls for the phase -out of

carrier frequency. The lower edge of the

Channel 61 upper sideband (line F) is
2600 -Hz above the upper edge of the
Channel 60 sideband and 400 -Hz above
the suppressed Channel 61 carrier frequency (27.315 MHz). The guard band
between channels is 2.6 -kHz wide.
In both Figs. 1 and 2, frequency drift
was not taken into consideration. Under
the current carrier frequency tolerance
of 0.005 %, the main sideband of a

9000.4

9000-9003 kHz
RF

9002.4 kHz

IFs

SELEC-

--

MIXER

TIVITY

AMPLIFIERS

FILTER

PRODUCT
DETECTOR

Hi MFIER

17.960-18.505
MHz

SQUELCH

8999.9 9000.1 kHz

RF

UP

CONVERTER

USB
PASS

BALANCED
MODULATOR

FILTER

ALC

--J

AF

roFIG.

42

Modern marketing techniques have

also produced new terminology for
standard features. All SSB transceivers
(continued on page 83)
DSB AM so that AM Channels 1 -23
and new AM Channels 24 -30, which are
spaced 10 -kHz apart, can be split into
60 upper SSB channels spaced 5 -kHz

apart.
To alleviate some of the congestion on
the existing 23 CB channels, the FCC,
in a separate action, has proposed banning the operation of unlicensed, 100milliwatt, Part 15 walkie- talkies within
the 27 -MHz Citizens band seven years
after adoption of the proposed rules,
banning manufacture after one year and
sales after two years. A new five -channel
49.9 -50-MHz band would be made available for use by unlicensed low-power
communication devices.
To permit greater communication
range, the FCC has already increased
the CB antenna height limit to 60 feet
above the ground. This applies only to
omnidirectional antennas. The former antenna height limit -20 feet above an existing structure or natural formation
still applies to directional antennas.

LOCAL
OSCILLATOR

AMPLIFIERS

non -standard antenna, permitting the

transmitter to deliver the highest possible output for a mismatched condition.
Other "new" features found on the
deluxe models such as the Royce 1640 is a tone control and agc (automatic gain control) on -off switch. The
tone control can eliminate the sharp,
ear -piercing sound common to some

transmitters -and receivers having

NEW RULES FOR CB

AMPLIFIER

JOHNSON FM 590
portable transceiver.
A convenient lightweight, easily carried
unit.

AMPLIFIER

3- HYPOTHETICAL USB -ONLY TRANSCEIVER configuration.

CLARIFIER
CONTROL

9 -MHz
OSCILLATOR

Effect on consumers
Although the Citizens Radio Service
was intended to enable citizens to use
two -way radio for personal and /or business communications, business users have
been all but swamped out by personal
users. The allocation of 40 intrastation
channels should again make the Citizens
Band valuable to business users.
Immediately upon adoption of the new
rules, as proposed, none of the existing
(continued on page 80)

Uniqu

Build 3

Clocks
Each clock uses

different readout display. You can

choose between two 6 -digit desk clocks and a quartz
controlled wall clock with 31/2-inch LED readouts.
a

by CHARLES CARINGELLA and

MICHAEL ROBBINS
IF YOU'VE HAD THE URGE LATELY TO JUMP

on the bandwagon and build yourself an

all solid -state digital clock, then look no
further! We suspect there is a digital clock cult emerging in this country, and
if you're already a collector of digital
clocks, you'll want to add these three
unique clocks to your collection. You
can choose from two 6 -digit desk clocks
using different readout displays, or you
can elect to build the quartz- controlled
6 -digit wall clock with jumbo 31/2 -inch
LED readouts. By using the latest solid state devices, you'll see how easy it is
to build a precision timepiece to enhance
your home or office.

The clock chip

At the heart of all three clocks is the
popular National MM5314N P -MOS
integrated circuit. This large-scale IC
uses p- channel, low threshold, enhancement -mode devices. The equivalent of

1 -THE
6 -DIGIT DESK CLOCK with
Numitron display blends into almost any
home or office decor. Smoke -gray or clear
"see through" acrylic may be used for the
cover. Oiled walnut is used for the side
pieces.

FIG.

over 450 transistors are squeezed into this

one IC.
The organization of the IC provides
many options which are exploited in
these clocks. For proper timekeeping, the
time -base for the IC can be either 50 or
60 -Hz, but it may go as high as 60,000Hz and still operate properly. This feature is used in the unique time-setting
circuit of the wall clock.
The 50 or 60 -Hz input is applied to
a shaping circuit in the IC and then to
a prescaler, which divides the 50-Hz input by 50, or the 60 -Hz input by 60, to
produce a 1 -Hz signal. This is applied
to a counter, which counts from zero to
59 of these one -per-second pulses, then
resets itself back to zero. The actual
count (0 -59) output of the seconds
counter is in Binary Coded Decimal
(BCD) form.
The reset pulses from the seconds
counter occur once per minute. These
are counted in the minutes counter, which
also counts from zero to 59, and resets.
Its output is also BCD.
The reset pulses from the minutes
counter are counted by a programmable
hours counter. By either grounding or leaving pin 10 of the IC floating, the hours
counter is programmed to count zero to
12, or zero to 23, and then reset on the
next pulse. Thus, the counters can be
programmed to count up to 12 hours,
59 minutes, 59 seconds or up to 23
hours, 59 minutes, 59 seconds.
The seconds and minutes counters each
have seven outputs, while the hours
counter has six outputs, for a total of 20.
In order to reduce this number for simplification of the output circuitry, the
outputs of the counters are selected sequentially, one at a time. This selector,
or multiplexer, is like a four-pole, six-

position switch, continuously rotating at

a speed controlled by a resistor and capacitor connected externally to pin 23
of the IC.
This "switch" selects the seconds (S,),
tens of seconds (S,0), minutes (M,), tens
of minutes (M,,,), hours (H,), and tens
of hours (H,0), over and over in that
order. In addition, a "fifth pole" of the
multiplex "switch" energizes a different
digit- enable output terminal for each
digit, to let the outside world know which
position it is at, at any instant. More
about this later.
Within the IC, the four BCD signals
are next fed into a read only memory.
The ROM converts the BCD code into
a 7- segment code, required by the display devices. This code is brought out
on seven pins on the IC (pins 3 to 9),
which, along with the six digit -enable
outputs (pins 17 to 22) contain all of
the required output information to operate a 6- digit, 7- segment display.
Switching gates, located before the
prescaler. before the seconds counter, and
after the seconds counter, are used to
stop or speed up the counter. Using this
method, it is possible to accurately set
the correct time, by means of external
pushbutton switches.

The displays
Each of the three clocks uses a different display. The 6 -digit desk clock
shown in Fig. 1 uses the popular RCA
Numitron. This is an incandescent -type
display tube. Each segment is a low temperature tungsten filament. Seven
filaments make up the 7- segment display
and are housed in a glass vacuum -tube
envelope that plugs into a standard tube
socket. The Numitron filaments are operated at a low temperature, resulting in

a rated life of

about 10 years. Unlike

LED's, the Numitron emits light in a
wide spectrum, permitting a wide variety
of color filters to be used over the display. This type of display is also suited
for viewing in bright daylight and will
not wash out. Two different size readouts

are used in the Numitron desk clock to

avoid confusion caused by the rapidly
changing seconds and to eliminate distracting colons. The hours and minutes
digits are 0.6 -inch high displays, while
the seconds digits are 0.4 -inch high displays. The overall display is very pleasing

to the eye, and can be read easily from

across an average size room and from
almost any angle.
The 6 -digit LED desk clock uses the
latest jumbo -size LED (light- emitting diode) readouts, made by Litronix. These
new 7- segment readout displays feature

D48D52

IN4001

TS1
12 VOLTS AC

-'s/s/V

(5)

IC3
1000F
IN4001

R17
47052

Si
DIM -BRIGHT

R18
47052

16V

D45

C4
100K
1R2

.01

R19
47052

D47

R1

100K

IN914
23

12

--

--

Cl
01

4700

17

10

1C1

22

24

MM53I4N

21

Z1

JUMPER

R20

18

16

R21
47052

20

11

19

13 14 15

R22
4-700

R3-R9
2.2K (7)

S2
HOLD RUN

-0

0--

S3
SLOW SET

-0

Q-- --

FAST SET

Q10

036 -D42

D1-D7
Q11

D8 -D35 (NOT SHOWN)

D1 TO D42

IN4001
Q12

Q 13

R10 R16
10K (7)

11111

(42)

01,03.05 2N4403
Q2, 04, 06 2N4402
Q7-013

MPSA20(7)

FIG.-2-SCHEMATIC OF THE NUMITRON

D ESK CLOCK. Both the control section and the

display section are combined here. S1 serve s as the display BRIGHT -DIM switch. S2 serves
as the HOLD -RUN switch. S3 is the SLOW SET pushbutton and cycles the minutes and seconds.
S4 is the FAST SET pushbutton and cycles the hours and minutes.

DESK CLOCKS PARTS LIST

CONTROL SECTION
C1- 0.01 -F disc ceramic
C2- 0.1 -F disc ceramic
C3 -1000 or 2200 -AF, 16 -volt, electrolytic
C4- 0.01 -uF Mylar film
D1 to D46, D49 to D52
N4001

S3, S4 -spdt pushbutton

TS1
-lug terminal strip

D47-1N914

D1

D48

-not used

IC1- MM5314N
01, 03,
02, Q4,

-1

(see text)

pnp

Q7- Q13- MPSA20 npn

R1, R2- 100,000 ohms, 10 %, 1/2 watt
R3 to R9 -2200 ohms, 10 %, 1/2 watt
R10 to R16- 10,000 ohms, 10 %, 1/2 watt
R17 to R22 -470 ohms, 10 %, 1/4 watt
S1, S2-spst slide

Z1- Jumper (see text)

MISC- Printed circuit

board, suitable cab-

inet, solder, wire, etc.

NUMITRON DISPLAY

to D42 -1 N4001
to V4- DR2000 RCA Numitron
V5, V6- DR2100 RCA Numitron
MISC -Four 9 -pin PC -type tube sockets,
printed circuit board, solder, etc.
LED DISPLAY
LED1 to LED4 -DL747 Litronix
LE D5, LED6 -DL707 Litronix
R1 to R7 -120 ohms, 10 %,
watt
MISC-Printed circuit board, solder, wire,
etc.
NOTE -The following are available from
V1

(National) MOS Digital Clock

Q5- 2N4403 pnp

Q6- 2N4402 or 2N4403

-2

Caringella Electronics, Inc., P.O. Box 327,

Upland CA 91786: PC board, etched and
drilled, No. DDC-1, at $6.95 postpaid; PC
board, etched and drilled, No. MDC -1A, at
$6.95 postpaid; PC board, etched and drilled,
No. SSC -1, at $6.95 postpaid; complete kit
of parts for the Numitron Desk Clock, including cabinet, hardware, U.L. approved
plug -in stepdown transformer No. LVT -1,
wire, solder, step -by -step instruction's, etc.,
No. DDC-1 KIT at $59.95 plus $2.00 handling
and shipping; complete kit of parts for the
L.E.D. Desk Clock, including cabinet, hardware, U.L. approved plug -in stepdown transformer No. LVT -1, wire, solder, step -by -step
instructions, etc., No. SSC-1 KIT at $59.95
plus $2.00 handling and shipping. California
residents add 6% sales tax on all items.

a unique light -pipe construction with the

segments appearing as bright red bars.
Each segment contains two tiny LED
chips mounted on a substrate. The light pipe construction spreads and diffuses
the emitted light into a bright evenly -lit
bar in each segment. Again, two different size displays are used. The hours
and minutes digits are 0.6 -inch high displays, and the seconds digits are smaller
0.3 -inch displays. This clock display is
also very pleasing to the eye, and can
be read easily from across an average
size room, and from almost any angle.
The display in the 6 -digit wall clock
is perhaps the most impressive in terms
of physical size. A total of 148 discrete

LED's are mounted on a single, large

printed circuit board to make up the entire display! The hours and minutes digits
are 31/2 -inch high readouts, and the seconds digits are 21/2-inches high.
The giant wall clock display can be
read up to about 100 feet away, and is
ideal for studios, schools, laboratories,
factories, stores, etc. The large readout
formed this way can have other applications including scoreboards and signs. Of
course it will also make an unbelievable
conversation piece.
A

IB
G

IC
D

3-

FIG.
SEVEN -SEGMENT READOUTS are
used in the displays of all three clocks. The
designation of each segment is shown here.

How the clocks work

The schematic of the Numitron desk
clock is shown in Fig. 2. ICI is the
MM5314N clock chip. The digit -enable
outputs are amplified by six high -beta
transistors, Q1 to Q6, which supply current to pin 2 of each Numitron, VI to V6.
The segment outputs of the IC are amplified by transistors Q7 to Q13. These transistors act as current sinks for the display
segments. The designation of each segment
is shown in Fig. 3. Each Numitron segment has a series diode added as part of
a huge diode OR gate. The cathodes of all
A- segment diodes are connected together
to the A current sink transistor, Q7. Likewise, the other corresponding segment
diodes are connected to Q8 through Q13.
For viewing at night, the display can
be dimmed with BRIGHT-DIM switch, SI,
and the diode voltage- divider string, D48
to D52. Each diode has a forward voltage
drop of about 0.6- volts, or a total drop
of 2.4 -volts for the entire string of diodes
(D48 is not actually used). SI is open
in the DIM position.
Switch S2 is the HOLD -RUN switch. This
feature allows the clock to be accurately
set, and if desired, easily synchronized to
sources of accurate or standard time.
The FAST SET pushbutton, S4, speeds
up the clock by a factor of 3600, and is
used to set the hours and minutes. S3
is the SLOW SET pushbutton. Depressing
it speeds up the clock by a factor of 60,
and is used to set minutes and seconds.
(The clock is speeded up by a factor of
3000 and 50, respectively, when operating
from a 50 -Hz input).
The 50- or 60 -Hz time base is derived
from the ac line through R1, then
clamped and filtered by D47 and Cl.
The clock operates on 12 volts ac
provided by an external UL- approved
plug -in stepdown transformer, shown in
Fig. 4. In this way, the bulky transformer
is kept out of the clock cabinet, and
only safe low-voltage ac is fed to the
power terminals on the back of the

cabinet. The dc required to operate the

clock circuit is provided by diode bridge
D43 to D46 and filter capacitor C3.
Z1 is a jumper on the clock circuit board.
With the jumper installed, the clock displays the standard 12 -hour time format.
Removing the jumper allows the clock
to display military style 24 -hour time.
Actually, 24 -hour time is becoming widespread among police departments, fire
departments, public utilities, government
agencies, etc. Many businesses that operate around the clock and on an international scale, are converting to and
standardizing on 24-hour time. Digital
clocks are the only type of timepiece
that will do this conveniently!
The LED desk clock shown in Fig. 5
has the same control circuitry as the
Numitron clock. However, instead of the
six Numitrons and 42 diodes, we use six
7- segment jumbo LED readouts, LEDI
to LED6, and seven current -limiting resistors, RI to R7. The schematic of this
LED display section is shown in Fig. 6,
and the display circuit is directly compatible with the schematic shown in Fig.
2. S1 is not used in the LED version
of the desk clock.
The giant wall clock is shown in Fig.
7, and its circuit is shown in Fig. 8. Each
31/2-inch high digit (used for the hours
and minutes) is made up of 27 discrete
LED lamps and seven resistors. Each
21/2-inch high digit (used for the seconds) consists of 20 discrete LED lamps
and seven resistors.
A different number of LED's are used
in each segment of a typical digit to obtain the proper digit and overall display
geometry. This results in different voltage drops across each segment. To equalize the brightness between all segments,
different resistor values are used in each
segment.
The integrated circuit clock chip,
shown as IC3 in this schematic, and
transistors Q1 -Q13, perform the same
functions in the wall clock as they do in

OS1

OS

oM1

0 M10
oH1
OHIO

Mh

OA
FIG. 4-PHOTO OF THE PLUG -IN TRANSFORMER Model LVT -1. This UL listed device steps the line voltage down to a safe
12 -volts ac and is used to power all three

R1

12012/1 VV

-M/VR2

12052/1W

clocks described in this article.

DL747

DL747

DL747

DL747

LED

LED2

LED3

LED4

R3

12052/1W

D
O-1/1/1r

R4
12052/1 W

O-MMO-NV1r-

IR

i n

DL707 DL707
LED5

LE D6

il

R5
12052/1W

R6
120S2/1W

FIG. 5 -THE ATTRACTIVE, COMPACT 6DIGIT LED DESK CLOCK features large easy to -read 0.6- and 0.3 -inch high light- emitting
diode readouts, and is housed in a smartly

styled simulated -walnut cabinet.

OG

M/1r-

R7
12052/1W

FIG. 6- SCHEMATIC OF THE LED DESK CLOCK DISPLAY SECTION. The LED display is compatible with the electronic control section shown in Fig. 2. S1, the display BRIGHT -DIM
switch, is not used in the LED version of the desk clock.

45

I^

TS1
12 VOLTS
AC OR DC

010-015

C8

1N914 ts)

1000RF/16V

01-08
2N4403

is)

Si
R9
10K

02
S10

014

03
M1

IC2

M10

CD4020AE

23

12

16
15
14
13
12

10

2
3
a

O-

C2
.01

$1

12-24

16
10

IC3

18
17
22

24

MM53I49

21

MPSA201B1

19

13 14 15

07 014

20

11

HOURS

H1

014

9 8

5 4

015
2.2K

17)

HOLD -RUN

--Wtr-

1(-

.R1
:10K

R7
1K

C3
DB

1vF

IN4001

-L-0-41

06

IN914

81

D7

R3
100K

11

---

S4

FAST SET

9V

D9
IC1

-t
62
68K

2
3

14
13
12

11

5
6

10
9

1N914

R4
100K

CD4001AE

S3

J1
C6
_001

SLOW SET

R5
22 MEG

C1

4.40pF

005%

OSC.

OUTPUT

Oi3G

XTAL

C5

R17-23

T 1-PF

LED

LED

109.128

129.148

R52 -58

R59 -65

H10, H1, ETC.

031

R6
10K

kHz

FAST-SLOW

LED55 -81
LED28 -54
LE082 -108
R2430
631 -3P
R38 -44
645.51
ALL 148 LED'S ARE CHICAGO CM,73 -010
'SEE PARTS LIST FOR RESISTOR VALUES

LED1 -27

10K IN

LE01.27, LE028 -64, ETC.

IR24 -30, R3137, ETC.

D

DETAIL Of TYPICAL DISPLAY DIGITS

8-

FIG.
SCHEMATIC OF THE WALL CLOCK. S1 selects 12 or 24 -hour time. S2 is the HOLD RUN switch. S3 is the SLOW SET pushbutton and cycles the minutes only. S4 is the FAST SET

pushbutton and cycles the hours and minutes. The seconds readouts have
B1
C1

-9 -volt (Eveready 216 or equal)

-4 to 40 -pF trimmer (Arco 403 or equal)

C2,

Cl0- 0,01 -AF disc ceramic

3- 100-AF,

16 -volt, PC -type

electrolytic

C4, C6, Cl 1-0.001-AF disc ceramic

180 -pF, N2200 negative temperature co-

C5-

efficient, disc ceramic (Sprague 10TCYT18 or equal)

C7- 0,1 -F disc ceramic
C8 -1000 or 2200 -AF, 16 -volt electrolytic
C9- 0,02-4F disc ceramic
D1 to D5, D8-1N4001
D6, D7, D9 to D15-1N914
D16 to D20-not used (see text)

ICI- CD4001AE

(RCA) CMOS Quad NOR

gate
IC2- CD4020AE (RCA) CMOS 14 -Stage
Binary Counter /Divider
IC3- MM53149 (National) MOS Digital Clock

Jl -Phono jack
LED1 to LED148- Light- emitting diode

4x7 format.

(Chicago Miniature Lamp CM -73 -010 or

equal) selected for 3:1 light- intensity range
and chip centering, (see text)
Q1 to Q6- 2N4403 pnp
Q7 to Q14- MPSA20 npn
R1, R6, R9, R17 to R23- 10,000 ohms, 10 %,
1/3

watt

R2 -68,000 ohms, 10 %, 1/2 watt

R3, R4,
100,000 ohms, 10 %, 1/2 watt
R5
megohms, 10 %, 1/2 watt
R7 -1000 ohms, 10 %, 1/2 watt
R10 to R16 -2200 ohms, 10 %, 1/2 watt
R24, R27, R28, R31, R34, R35, R38, R41,
R42, R45, R48, R49, R52, R55, R56, R59,
R62, R63 -150 ohms, 10 %, 1/2 watt
R25, R30, R32, R37, R39, R44, R46, R51,
R53, R58, R60, R65
ohms, 10 %,

-22

R8-

-56

1/2

watt

R26, R29, R33, R36, R40, R43, R47, R50,

R54, R57, R61, R64 -100 ohms, 10%
1/2

FIG.

watt

-JUMBO -SIZED DIGITS, measuring

31/2- inches

tn

o
Z

O
m
IU
w
Jw

46

high, make the 6 -digit wall clock

particularly impressive, and well suited for
office, school, factory, and many other applications. This large wall clock is housed
in a simulated -walnut cabinet and has a red
sheet -acrylic clock "window ".
the two desk clocks. However, most of
the remaining circuitry is unique to the

wall clock.
The 60 -Hz time base is generated internally, making the timekeeping accuracy independent of the power -line
frequency or power -line failures! This
also allows for operation from an ex-

S1 , S2 -spst slide switch

S3, S4 -spdt pushbutton switch
TS1
-lug terminal strip
XTAL -491.520 -kHz crystal, HC /6 holder,
0.005% tolerance at room temperature

-2

MISC -Printed circuit boards, suitable cabinet, solder, wire, etc.

NOTE -The following are available from
Caringella Electronics, Inc., P.O. Box 327,
Upland CA 91786: PC board, etched and
drilled, No. MDC -1 -1, at $7.95 postpaid;
PC board, etched and drilled, No. DWC -1A,
at $14.95 postpaid; Set of 148 selected
LED's for display panel at $60.00 postpaid;
Complete kit of all parts including cabinet,
hardware, UL approved plug-in stepdown
transformer No. LVT -1, wire, solder, step by -step instructions, etc., No. DWC -1 KIT at
$159.95 plus $3.50 handling and shipping.
California residents add 6% sales tax on
all items.

terral /2 -jolt

do power source.
One gate of a CMOS quad 2 -input
NOR gate, ICI, is used as a crystal -con-

trolled oscillator. A 491.520 -kHz crystal

used. A second gate amplifies and
buffers this signal, to provide an output
through J1, located on the back panel,
to a frequency counter. Trimmer capacitor Cl sets the quartz- crystal frequency precisely. This frequency can be
varied over a limited range, to compensate for seasonal temperature changes
that can affect the operating frequency
of the crystal. Access to Cl is shown as
(continued on page 85)
is

to V1sing COSMOS

Digital IC's
This is the final part in a series of articles
describing COSMOS IC applications, the latest in solid -state
technology. The series concludes with oscillator,

alarm generator and alarm circuits.

by R. M. MARSTON
LAST MONTH WE EXPLORED WAYS OF USING

the CD4001 in lamp flasher, time -delay,

oscillator and alarm generators. This

final article in the series will conclude
with alarm generators and electronic

alarm projects.
Figure 41 shows how the CD4001 can
be wired up as a one -shot alarm generator, which starts to generate a monotone
alarm signal as soon as pushbutton switch
Si is momentarily closed, but stops generating automatically after a pre -set period. The period can be varied from a
fraction of a second to more than 15 minutes by selecting the value for Cl.
The operation of this circuit is quite
simple. Gates 1 and 2 are wired as a
gated monostable or one -shot multi vibrator which is triggered by momentarily closing Sl, and gates 3 and 4 are
wired as a gated astable multivibrator
that operates at 800 Hz. The output of
the monostable turns the astable circuit
on and off, and the output of the astable is fed to the speaker via Ql. Thus,
the alarm is normally off, but turns on as
soon as SI is closed, and then turns off
again automatically after a pre -set period.
The period is roughly equal to 1 second
per F of Cl value. C1 must be a low leakage capacitor in this application.
Finally, Fig. 42 shows how the CD4001
can be wired as a self-latching alarm
generator. Here, gates 1 and 2 are wired
as a manually- triggered bistable multi vibrator, and gates 3 and 4 are wired as
a gated astable multivibrator. The output
of the bistable is used to turn the astable
on and off, and the output of the astable
is fed to the speaker via Ql. The action
of the circuit is such that the alarm turns
on and self -latches as soon as Sl is briefly
operated. The alarm then remains on
until S2 is pushed at which point the
alarm resets and self -latches off.
Note that the circuits of Figs. 40 to 42
are designed to give only a low output
power level, as in the case of Fig. 37.

Here, gates 1 and 2 are wired as an

electronically- triggered bistable multivibrator, and gates 3 and 4 are wired as a
800 -Hz gated astable multivibrator. The
output of the bistable provides the gating
signal to the astable circuit, and the output of the astable is fed to the speaker
through Ql. The action of the circuit is
such that the alarm turns on and self latches as soon as S1 is momentarily
opened or broken. The alarm then remains on until S2 is momentarily closed,
at which point the circuit resets and self latches into the OFF state, and the quies-

These circuits can be modified to give

medium or high output power levels by
altering their output stages to conform
to Figs. 38 or 39. (Figures 37 through
40 can be found in the December 1974
issue.)

Electronic alarm circuits

The versatility and near -zero standby
current of the CD4001 makes it suitable
for use in a variety of electronic alarm
applications. Figure 43 shows how the IC
can be used in a break -to- operate self latching low -power alarm circuit.

+5 TO 15V

R1
S1

1.5

START

MEG

_L C2

13

.001

O1

1 1

12

CD4001

1/4

GATE

Cl

1
1

SEC/

R3i

1/4

CD4001

GATE

820K

GATE
1/4

100K

Rx

FIG.

GATE 4
1/4 CD4001

CD4001

41- ONE -SHOT ALARM

10042

SPKR
312

10

10K

NE

R2

2N3702

R4

TO

TOTAL

10012

GENERATOR.
+5 TO 15V

14

13
O1

1/4

R2

CD4001

.10 S2

'OFF'
O (RESET)

1/4

GATE

GATE

R1

82OK

1/4 CD4001
GATE 3

GATE 4
1/4 CD4001

CD4001

5
4

9
Y

FIG.

42- SELF -LATCHING

>

10

2N3702

10K

10012

TOTAL

ALARM GENERATOR.

47

+5TO15V
R1

14

22 MEG

Q1

2N3702

1/4

S20

CD4001

GATE

RESET

R3

820K

CD4001

1/4

GATE

Rx
S1

0 START

GATE 2
1/4 CD4001

GATE 4
1/4 CD4001

FIG.

100S2

SPKR
352 TO

10

TOTAL

10052

R2
MEG

43- BREAK -TO- OPERATE self -latching

low-power alarm.

cent current falls to near -zero.

Figure 44 shows how the circuit in Fig.
43 can be modified for use as a multi input burglar alarm. The circuit is basically similar to Fig. 43, except that the input circuitry is modified, the output of
the bistable multivibrator is coupled to
the input of the astable via 1- megohm
resistor R4, and the output of the astable
is fed to the speaker via Ql and Q2. The
circuit is designed for operation from a
12 to 15 -volt supply, and gives an output
of about 10 watts into a 15 -ohm speaker.
The action of the circuit is such that
the alarm turns on and self-latches as
soon as any of series- connected switches
S1 to S3 are momentarily operated or

R1

+12 TO 15V

-VN1r
22 MEG

S4

S6

PARALLEL
NORMALLY -OPEN

2-

(CLOSE -TO- OPERATE)

SWITCHES

5S2

14

R2
1

SPKR

MEG

CD4001

1/4

S7

R4
MEG

D1

1N4001

RESET

S1

CD4001

1/4

S3

SERIES

NORMALLY- CLOSED
(BREAK -TO- OPERATE)

Q2

SWITCHES

0 S8
1

R3
MEG

2N3054

CLOSE-TO-OPERATE,
NON -LATCHING

FIG. 44 -MULTI -INPUT BURGLAR ALARM (gives approximately 10 watts output.

L
^0.1F

R1

C1

=THERMISTOR
OR L.D.R.

14

+g TO 12V
C2

13
11

Q1

12

R3
MEG

1/4

R5

CD4001

1/4

1/4

820K

CD4001

1/4

FIG.

R2

10K

CD4001
CD4001

10

2N3702

R4

SPKR
30 TO
100.2

AT NOMINAL
TRIGGER LEVEL
R1

10052

TOTAL

45- PULSED- OUTPUT WATER- ACTIVATED

ALARM.

TO 12V

..,_

C1

0.tAF

C2
"---s .001

13

01

11

2N3702

R4

R3

820K

1/4 CD4001
GATE 3

10K

GATE 4
1/4
8

CD4001
10

SPKR
352 TO
10012

10012

TOTAL

broken, or as soon as any of parallel connected switches S4 to S6 are momentarily closed. The alarm then remains on
until S7 is momentarily closed, at which
point the circuit resets and self -latches
into the OFF state, and the quiescent current falls to a value of about 10 AA.
Note that any number of additional
normally -closed switches can be wired in
series with SI -S3, and any number of
normally -open switches can be wired in
parallel with S4 -S6, so there is no limit
to the number of input trigger switches
that can be used with the circuit. Also
note that normally -open switch S8 can be
used to operate the alarm in the non latching mode, and that any number of
additional normally -open switches can be
wired in parallel with this switch. S8 can
be used simply to test the functioning of
the alarm, as a "panic button" or to activate it via sensing circuitry that does not
require the alarm to be operated in the
self -latching mode. Finally, note that a
standing current of about 0.65 AA flows
in resistors R1 and R2 when the circuit
is in the standby mode, and that this
current is insignificant relative to the
normal leakage current of about 10 AA
of output transistor Q2.
Figure 45 shows how the CD4001 can
be used as a pulsed- output water-activated alarm. Here, gates and 2 are connected as a gated 6 -Hz astable multi vibrator, and gates 3 and 4 are connected
as a gated 800 -Hz astable. The 800 -Hz
1

FIG.

46- PULSED -OUTPUT

UNDER-TEMPERATURE or light-activated alarm.


^`

R2

R1 AT NOMINAL
TRIGGER
LEVEL

_L
ci
i-.0.1F

14

13

+9 TO 12V
C2
.001

01

11

12

2N3702

R4

R3
1

.t

MEG 7

CD4001

-1/4

R5

1%4

820K

1J4

CD4001

10K

CD4001

CD4001

8
10

SPKR
352 TO
10052

R1

-L\

=THERMISTOR
OR L.D.R.

FIG.

10052

TOTAL

47- PULSED-OUTPUT OVER -TEMPERATURE

multivibrator controls trie 6 -Hz astable,

and its output feeds to the speaker via
Q1. The 6 -Hz astable is gated via the resistance appearing between a pair of
metal probes.
Normally, the two probes are open circuit, and under this condition both multi vibrators are disabled and the circuit
passes near -zero quiescent current. When
a resistance is placed across the probes,
a voltage divider action takes place between that resistance and R1, and some
fraction of the supply voltage is applied
to the input terminal of gate 1. When
this voltage falls below the transfer voltage of the gate, the two astable multi vibrators become enabled, and a pulsed
alarm signal is generated. cosmos I.C's
have nominal transition voltage values of
50% of the supply voltage: Consequently,
the circuit in Fig. 45 is activated when

or dark -activated alarm.

the probe resistance is reduced below a

nominal value of 10 megohms. Water (in
common with many other liquids) has a
fairly low resistivity, so the alarm circuit
can be turned on by simply placing both
probes simultaneously into water. The
circuit thus acts as a water activiated
alarm, and gives a low -level pulsed output. The circuit can be used to indicate
flooding in cellars or basements, the overflowing of cisterns or water tanks, or
simply to give an announcement when the
bath water has reached a given level.
Finally, Figs. 46 and 47 show how the
circuit in Fig. 45 can be modified for use
as a pulsed- output temperature or light activated alarm. In the explanation of circuit operation given above, it was pointed
out that the alarm turns on as soon as
the input voltage falls below the transfer
voltage value of the IC. This transfer

voltage is reasonably stable, and the turn on action of the alarm is quite sharp.
Consequently, the alarm can readily and
reliably be activated via a light or temperature- sensitive potential divider wired
across the supply lines.
Figure 46 shows the connections for
making an under -temperature or light activated alarm, which turns on when the
temperature of a thermistor falls below a
pre -set level, or when the illumination of
a light -dependent resistor rises above a
pre -set level. The light or temperature sensing element (RI ) forms the upper
arm of the potential divider, and sensitivity control R2 forms the lower arm.
The action of this circuit can be reversed, so that it acts as an over- temperature or dark -activated alarm that turns on
when the temperature rises above a preset level or when the illumination falls
below a pre -set level, by simply transposing the positions of R1 and R2, as shown
in Fig. 47. In either case, any negativetemperature- coefficient thermistor can be
used as the temperature- sensing element,
or any cadmium sulphide photocell can
be used as the light -sensing element:
Ideally, however, these elements should
have large resistance values at their nominal operating values, so that the quiescent current consumption of the circuits
are kept to reasonably low levels. R2 is
a pre -set resistor, and should be adjusted
to give a value roughly equal to that of
the sensing element at the nominal light
or temperature triggering level. This reR -E
sistor acts as a sensitivity control.

service questions
Look in Sams Home Tape Player Manual, Vol. HTP -9,
pp. 61 -70. You'll find it listed there.
Channel or track selector: if the cam and selector unit
-27V

intermittent, of course. 1
think it's somewhere in the brightness limiter stage.
Dc voltages up to the 11HM7 video output seem to be
OK. Any ideas?-1.R., Tucson, AR.
RCA CTC -22D. This is

NO TRACK CHANGE

The channel selector doesn't work in this Mayfair

888 stereo tape player. Everything else is fine. Can't
find a schematic listed on this anywhere. The selector
and cam are OK, but nothing happens when I push
the button. -C.K. Cheektowaga, NY.

Check that 11 HM7 tube. If all dc voltages are within

tolerance up to that point, there could be some kind of
problem here; an intermittent short in the tube, etc. The
brightness limiter, like the regular brightness control, works
through the 11 HM7 video output to react on the picture
tube cathode circuits.
UNBELIEVABLE

27V1

SOURCE

DIODE

HEAD -SHIFTING
SOLENOID

AUTO -SE LECTOR

ACTUATED BY FOIL
ON TAPE

OFPUSHBUTTON

SELECTOR SW

are free, check the solenoid coil. Also make sure that the
dc voltage is getting to the solenoid. Last check; if an
ammeter shows a sudden pulse of current when the track -

selector button is pushed, but nothing happens, check that

transient-suppressor diode. It is connected across the solenoid. If it's shorted, nothing will work.
PULL -IN AT SIDES

The brightness goes way down, (high -voltage

drops) and the raster pulls in at the sides, in this

The syncs (both horizontal and vertical) went completely out, on this RCA CTC -19. Scope on the first
video grid showed a mess, with a big hum -component.
Pull the horizontal output tube, and the video signal
looked OK. Now comes the weird part.
I turned on a small black -and-white portable very
near by. Worked fine. Then, for one more check,
1 turned on the CTC -19. Out went the syncs ON THE
PORTABLE. Turn the -19 of, normal sync. Sound
not affected.
There was a weird sound that seemed to be coming from the high- voltage cage of the -19. As nearly
as I could tell, it came from the vicinity of the 6BK4
high -voltage Regulator. 1 pulled this tube, and lo!
Normal picture. Both sets. New 6BK4 cleared up the
whole thing. Evidently the 6BK4 was radiating some
kind of hash that was killing the sync. Would you
believe that ?-W.A., Los Angeles, CA.
Yes.

R -E

49

nstalling CB
Installing CB antennas correctly can
the subtleties that are involved.
height, and proper grounding are all prime

has, as its name suggests, a magnet in

its base mount to adhere to any surface
of iron or steel composition. However,
where the roof is aluminum or plastic,
it won't hold and other means must be
employed for such RV roofs.
While the average CB whip is 8 feet
or more long, there are others that are
shorter, down to 18 inches, which can
be effective. These shorter antennas include an electronic compensating device
within the base or built integrally into
the whip configuration so that they are
effectively VI wavelength long. Over the
short distances most used in RV operations, these smaller antennas work very
well and they are quite satisfactory.
Because of the necessity of providing
a good ground, this should be the first
INSTALLATION OF AN EFFICIENT

CB AN-

tenna on any form of recreational vehicle, familiarly known as an "RV" by

the camping fraternity, presents special
problems not normally encountered in
the average antenna installation. Special
problems will also be found with antenna
installations on the family car if it is
used to tow an RV. And among RV's
themselves, certain types are more difficult to adapt to a CB antenna than
others. One thing is clear however; since
the FCC permits only 4 watts output
power on AM, or 12 watts on SSB, the
antenna must be as free from losses and
as efficient as possible.
The ordinary, full -length, CB mobile
antenna designed for Class D operation
will tend to be at least 96 inches long.
Adding these 8 feet to the RV height
averaging between 7 and 10 feet, will
effectively deny use of any highway with
underpasses that are the national, legal
height of 131/2 feet above the pavement.
Many are lower than that.
Additionally, many RV roofs are of
plastic and cannot be considered good
electrical "grounds" which is vital for
radio communications. When CB antennas are mounted on the rear deck or
bumper of a tow car, the RV will effectively blanket the transmission and even
the reception of radio signals.
CB /RV antenna installations
Commercial CB whip antennas come
complete with a mount which must be
electrically connected to a large, horizontal, metallic surface. This metallic
surface will serve as a "ground" against
which the antenna works. An exception
is the magnet -based CB antenna which

50

ANTENNA MOUNT which allowas mounting antenna on the side of an RV with

bolts. The coax is integral with the mount.

consideration of the CB /RV installation,

and not the antenna itself. Of all possible
locations, the best is, naturally, the roof
of the RV or tow car since it will place
the antenna as high as possible. This
will extend the range of the equipment
to its maximum. While the ground is of
great importance, the average antenna location runs a very close second. In fact,
the average CB /RV installation is a
compromise of both requirements -the
best ground available coupled with the
highest possible antenna location.
The RV roof is a good location only
as long as it also provides a good electrical
ground. A metallic roof of iron, steel or
aluminum sheeting makes a good ground,
as is. Plastic roofs, however, are normally poor grounds and must be con-

verted as will be described later in order

to be used for CB work. The sole limitation to use of the RV roof may be
the resulting height of the RV with the
added antenna. However, even that has
been commercially surmounted.
The lowest underpass on national or
Federal highways is supposed to be 131/2
feet above the pavement. Unfortunately,
this is not always true, and they can be
much lower, some being under 11 feet
high. Many recreational vehicle campgrounds are accessible only by local,
back roads where it is not unusual to
encounter underpasses as low as 10 feet.
And when these back roads pass through
heavily wooded sections, the overhanging
branches are rarely respecters of RV
heights, being much lower than even 9
feet! However, since most RVs are originally not much over 9 feet high, they will
pass under the back road bridges and
even under the tree branches without
trouble as long as the RVs are not sporting CB antennas making them higher.
One solution to the problem is to use
an 8 -foot whip on the roof with the installation such that it permits the antenna
to be changed to a horizontal position
on option. Unfortunately, a CB antenna
will not normally function well in the
mobile service when positioned horizon-

Antennas
be a difficult task if you are not familiar with
Such factors as antenna location, antenna

considerations for a proper installation.

by DR KARL A. KOPETZKY,
KFZ -8971

tally. Another solution is to use the

magnet -based antenna, with the antenna
secured from being swept off the roof
by a length of nylon cord. When this has
been knocked down, it will have to be
re- positioned vertically by someone
climbing the RV roof. This itself presents hangups if the roof is not constructed to withstand a person's weight.
Another consideration when seeking a
good CB antenna location is interference. The receiver will pick up all kinds
of electrical interference. Some of it will
be man -made, the rest created by nature,
Most of the man -made interference is
generated by the engine as well as the
various gauges, tire and wheel static and
even static from dust particles hitting
the moving antenna structure. Natural
interference is generated mostly by atmospheric conditions, and is relatively
unavoidable.
Interference from the engine and vehicle parts can be reduced to a great
extent through proper choice of antenna location and installation together
with other protective measures. In some
instances a compromise must be made;
accept the best location as a trade -off
against slightly more than usual interference to assure maximum possible
range from the installation.

RV /CB antenna locations

The noisiest location with regard to

the engine is right on the engine hood
or alongside it on a front fender. The
least noisy place would be the rear
bumper of a towed RV. The poorest location would be on the front bumper
because it is so close to the pavement.
The best location is the roof of the RV,
dead center. Somewhere between these
extremes will be a relatively good site,
somewhat free of interference to provide
acceptable reception and transmission of
CB signals.
The furthest location away from interference would be the back bumper, if
there is one on the RV. Unfortunately,
while not particularly noisy, antennas
operate poorly there because of signal
absorption by the RV and tow -car. The
rear deck of the tow car is a fair location. Yet it also has the disadvantage of
being shielded by both vehicle bodies.
Still, many CB antennas are located
there, regardless.
There are several better locations. On
a tow car, for example, a good choice
would be the car's roof. For those who
do not wish to cut a hole in the car,
the magnet -based antenna mount will
hold tightly to the metallic roof, and remain very nearly immovable at speeds

MAGNET -BASED antenna mounted on sheet metal RV roof. Note the Nylon cord to
prevent loss if it is accidentally hit.
is operated from the interior of a
camper. The CB set was built from a Heath
Co. kit; base contains 117 Vac adapter.

CB RIG

up to 75 mph or higher. The antenna

lead -in cable can be sneaked through an
open window, or through any convenient
opening.
Another type which does not require
defacing the car is the "gutter mount"
antenna. This can be attached to the
gutter of the car window and work well,
all things considered. It can easily be
removed, an advantage offsetting the pilferage somewhat common with unattended RVs or cars. The gutter mounted
antenna will also work well with any
RV which is built to include window
gutters. Some don't have these, so check
before purchasing this type of gear.
Regarding the RV roof location, two
types of antenna mounts are available.
One requires drilling holes in the RV
roof. The other is the magnet -based antenna requiring an iron or steel roof to
which to adhere. If the roof is aluminum
or plastic, the magnet -based antenna
won't work. To overcome this handicap,
a 6 -inch square piece of 1/2 or 3/32 -inch
iron or steel plate can be fastened to the
roof with self -tapping screws. The magnet -based antenna will stick to this plate.
Additionally, it would be wise to install
a 1- or 2 -inch screw eye in the roof to
secure a length of Nylon cord to the
antenna so that it will not be lost if hit
by an obstruction.
Another excellent antenna location is
on the side of the RV near to its roof.
Two ways are available. One is a mount
that swivels through 90 permitting the
antenna to be mounted vertically with
its base in a horizontal position against
the RV side. A disadvantage is the need
to drill into the RV side not only for
the mounting screws, but also the an51

tenna connection. If there is special panelling within the RV interior, this could
be a serious hangup.
Some commercially available antenna
mounts contain angle plates which can
be set to any desired angle. Their disadvantage lies in that they depend on a
single nut and bolt assembly to hold the
antenna together. This assembly could
come apart in transit with resulting antenna loss.
A good, inexpensive, two-piece, metal,
antenna mount for the side of an RV
can be easily constructed with just ordinary tools. It is illustrated in Fig. 1.

It has an added advantage that by choosing a proper location, an 18 -inch antenna

can be used during transit and can be
replaced with an 8 -foot or longer antenna when in the campgrounds.
There is a commercial variation of
this home -built mount with which it is
possible to change position of the antenna from vertical to horizontal or nearhorizontal for travelling. The change is
made before starting out. With the antenna rod positioned horizontally, it is
less likely to be struck while in motion.
However, in this position the transmitted
signals are horizontally polarized and the

8'/z
7

10

NOTES:

TOLERANCE '/s4
7 HOLES AT Ms" DIA.
ALL DIMENSIONS IN INCHES
MATERIAL: Ms" STEEL OR
ALUMINUM PLATE
ROUND ALL CORNERS

4va-t

FINISHED BRACKET

2 /4

- --+-

H-1

Vai

3'/4

a_
R.--

5/s

LU

NOTES:
3 HOLES AT A EACH SAs" DIA.
HOLE AT B 5 /8" RADIUS
ALL DIMENSIONS IN INCHES
TOLERANCE:. Vo4"
MATERIAL: ' /s" STEEL OR
1

ALUMINUM PLATE
ROUND ALL CORNERS

FINISHED
BRACKET

ANTENNA SUPPORT
MOUNTING BRACKET.
FASTEN TO ANTENNA
MOUNTING BRACKET
ANTENNA MOUNTING
BRACKET - FASTEN
TO SIDE OF VEHICLE

1-

FIG.
Construction details for a home brew, CB antenna mount for use with an
RV. Its use is explained in the text.

52

ANTENNA MOUNT from Antenna Specialists Co. permits change from vertical to

horizontal.

reception favors a similar polarization.

Reception of horizontally polarized signals with a vertically positioned antenna
has never been too successful, making
the normal, Class D, mobile, CB corn munications virtually impossible.. Furthermore, whenever an antenna is in
close proximity to any solid object such
as an RV roof or side as an antenna
would be when in the travelling position,
some detuning may take place in the
transmitter which might possibly damage
the CB set beyond repair. This might
occur even if the roof is plastic!
Dual CB installations
For the RV'er who wishes to use CB
with his car alone, and then wants CB
to be available while towing his RV, the
ordinary rear deck car antenna installation is a poor choice. While towing, the
RV blankets the CB antenna. In this case
the best choice is the car roof and a

magnet -based mount in order not to cut

holes in the car. Now, if the RV'er wishes
to use CB in his car while towing and
then in the RV while in the campgrounds, a different type antenna installation can be worked out. Normally,
there is no reason for two antennas and
two separate CB sets unless communications between the car and the RV are
intended while in camp, with the car
being away from the RV.
Where the RV'er wants to use the
same antenna for the car when it is
hitched to the RV as well as when the
car is unhitched, and wishes to use the
same CB gear in the car while towing
and in the RV while in camp, a special
hookup for both CB set and antenna is
indicated. The most obvious solution is
a single CB set with two mounts, two
similar antenna mounts which will accommodate the same antenna rod and a
single antenna rod. One each of the CB
set brackets and antenna mounts will be
installed in the car and RV. The CB set
itself will be switched back and forth
between the car and RV as needed. To
make this easy, instead of the usually
provided nuts to hold the set in its
mounting bracket, substitute wing nuts
which are easily removed without any
tools.
The car antenna installation should
provide connecting coaxial cable and
power cables suitably terminated with
the proper matching connectors. The RV
installation likewise is terminated in similar antenna and power connectors. Now
it is only a matter of carrying the CB
set from car to RV and vice-versa.
CB antenna lengths
Because the maximum output power
of Class D CB (the most popular classification) is limited to 4 watts AM and
12 watts SSB, it is essential that the antennas be as efficient as possible. One
way to assure this, besides the good
ground mentioned previously, is to cut
the antenna to the correct length. This
is required because there is a definite
relationship between antenna length and
its ability to radiate or receive radio signals of a specific frequency or wavelength. All the Class D CB channels are
within the 26.995- 27.255 MHz region.
The most easily matched antenna in that
range for CB gear, and also the most
practical both mechanically and electrically, is a 1/4 wavelength long.
Of prime importance to the RV enthusiast is CB channel 9, reserved by the
FCC for emergency use only, including
all roadside and travelling situations requiring assistance. Most of the RV
campgrounds monitor Channel 12, so
that also is important. Without going
into the physics, a full quarter-wavelength antenna cut specifically to Channel
9 would be 109.07 inches. This length
will also operate on Channel 12 without
too much loss. For this reason, whenever
an antenna is to be cut to the full
quarter -wavelength, the 109 -in. length
will be best suited for RV /CB operations. However, the measurement must
include both the antenna rod and the
mount unless the antenna is quite a bit
shorter and the difference is being made

up by electronic compensating devices

within the base. It should always be
remembered that if a 9- or 8 -foot antenna rod is mounted on the average RV
roof, it will not be possible to travel the
average highways without taking it down,
since the RV and the antenna are too
high to go under the bridges, etc.
Antennas that are far shorter than a
quarter wavelength are available with
integral loading devices in their bases
or mounts. Such devices consist mainly
of coils, or coils plus capacitors, so connected as to make the complete assembly
equal electronically to a quarter wavelength CB antenna. When tested in relatively open space and with a good
ground, there seems to be little change
in efficiency between these various length
antennas, irrespective of their physical
dimensions.
CB antennas are sold in two ways;
either as an assembly including antenna
rod (generally of stainless steel) and an
integrally connected base mount complete with loading coil and coaxial cable;
or in two pieces -the antenna rod and
the mount. In the latter case there is a
choice of the antenna rod length to be
employed. It should be recalled that
where the mount is purely mechanical
and has no electronic components within it,
the final antenna plus mount length can
become quite critical. Where the antenna
mount includes some electronic component, follow the directions as to the length
in the instructions which accompany the
product.
In the final analysis, it is necessary
that the antenna, whatever its length or
how that length is arrived at, match the
output impedance of the CB set with
which the antenna is to be used. The
usual and normal impedance of commercial CB sets is 50 to 53 ohms. This
is what must be matched.
For successful operation, the antenna
must be connected to the set with coaxial cable. Coax comes in many sizes, insulations and impedances, but the kind
used for CB work must be either the
50 or 52 -ohm, small diameter, single insulation type. The breakdown voltage
of this insulation of this type is 1500 volts.
Coax is identified by specific terms
originated during World War II. The
wire catalogs list the coax by these
terms. The RV'er can use any of the
following for his CB installation: RG58/U, RG- 58A /U, RG-58C /U or RG174/U.
Coax must be terminated in some sort
of connector which will match the receptacle on the CB set chassis. Visual
investigation of the chassis to determine
which type must be made. Match the
chassis antenna connector with the similar matching plug. Thus if the chassis
employs the coax cable SO -239 receptacle, the matching plug is the PL -259.
A Motorola Pin Jack must be matched
with the corresponding Motorola Pin
Plug. If in doubt, ask the dealer or any
electronic jobber. Incidentally, do not
make the mistake, if PL-259 plugs are
indicated, of soldering the plugs on both
ends of the coax cable before snaking
it through whatever openings are re-

quired. Too often the plugs are too large

to permit passage through the holes, and
the whole procedure must be done over.
Solder a PL -259 on one end first. Snake
the cable through the openings. Then solder the other end plug.

Antenna grounds
A good ground is necessary for CB
gear to work properly. Where the vehicle roof on which the antenna is
mounted, is of metal, the problem is
minimized. However, lately, more and
more RV's are being manufactured with
plastic roofs. Plastic is not a good electrical ground, so some means must be
found to make the RV roof into a good
ground, or else forego this as a CB antenna location. Since of all locations, the
RV roof is the best, it can be modified
such that it can become a ground.
One solution is a metal -faced, pressure- sensitive tape with excellent elec-

FIG. 2

at

-Using

"A" to create

tronic and electrical characteristics.

Available in 50 -foot rolls, 3 inches wide,
such tape can be laid on a plastic or
fibre -glass RV roof in a grid configuration (Fig. 2), creating an excellent
ground system for any CB antenna. The
tape grid will work for all sizes of roofs,
the larger RV units requiring more tape
than the smaller ones. The grid squares
should be approximately 18 inches on
a side. To make it larger may deteriorate
the ground system; to make them smaller
will not improve the ground by any
appreciable amount.
When using the tape grid, the antenna
should be mounted as nearly in the
center as possible. Mounting it at the
corners will change the radiation pattern
to favor certain directions. (Fig. 3).
It is absolutely necessary that a good
electrical connection be made between
the antenna mount and the tape. The
best way you can do this is to bolt the

grid made up of metallic faced, pressure sensitive tape laid on the RV roof
ground on an RV with a plastic roof. Antenna is mounted at the grid center.

REAR

REAR

C
CB

A.NT7

CB
ANT.

FRONT

RV ROOF
FRONT

RV ROOF

FRONT

FRONT

3-Arrows indicate the most probable directions CB signals will take depending on the
location of the antenna on an RV roof. Arrows point to the transmitting direction, and to the
area from which best reception will occur.
FIG.

53

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TUBE & TRANSI 3TOR

TESTER

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Choose from 12 NTS courses covering a wide range
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mount directly through the tape and into

the roof. Yet sheet metal or self- tapping
screws rarely possess sufficient strength
to hold the antenna upright even in the
slightest summer breeze, let alone the
strong wind created by 55 mph travel on
the highway. So the mount must be
bolted through the roof. If this is undesirable for whatever the reason, the
antenna mount can be bolted to a heavy
piece of steel which in turn can be
mounted on the roof by a large number
of shorter screws.
If the magnet -based antenna mount
on a plastic RV roof is contemplated, a
6 -inch square piece of steel or iron
should be positioned and fastened so
that it makes excellent, electrical connection with the tape grid at the center
cross -over points of the grid. Soldering
to the tape cannot be done and should
not be attempted; it'll destroy the tape.
Any coax cable connection to the tape
for a ground should be made at the
antenna mount to the terminal provided,
and not to the tape itself.

Antenna mounting tips

Do not depend on the aluminum, RV
siding to support an antenna and its
mounting bracket. Always drive screws

into a wooden stringer or stud. In RV

construction these are usually a 2 x 4.
In roof installations, seek out the roof
beams into which to drive the screws.
Only when you install the 6 -inch square
metal piece for use with the magnetbased antenna, can the roof beams or
stringer be dispensed with, and the
metal piece fastened to the roof with a
number (at least 4 to a side) of short
self-tapping screws. Do not over-drive
these when working with plastic. Place
a small amount of RV roof putty, even
ordinary window -pane putty will do,
under each screw head, to seal the roof
against leaks.
For those who prefer a short antenna
mounted on the roof while travelling,
but want a full -sized 8 or 9 -foot antenna
"quick- disconnect"
in campgrounds
device is commercially available. A short
turn of the wrist will mount or demount
any antenna made to use with the device.
Such devices are useful in storing RV's
where storage space will not permit full
extension of the CB antenna.
When disconnecting any antenna from
a permanent type of mount, the two resulting holes -the one for the rod and
the other for the coax cable terminal
plug (if any)- should be covered with
short pieces of ordinary household adhesive tape to keep out dirt, etc. If the
antenna cracks, it must be replaced. Normally it cannot be repaired. A cracked
antenna mount can cause the antenna to
become detached from the RV and lost
while in motion. Mounts to match nearly
every type of antenna on the market are
available from CB, electronic jobbers
and dealers.

-a

That "tricky" CB set ground

The CB set should be thoroughly and
separately grounded for optimum operaCB TRANSCEIVER mounted on the roof of
the cab of a pickup truck -camper combination. Transceiver has 3- channels and is

ideal.

LETTERS
(continued from page 22)

realistic criteria, in the case of "flea power" devices, would be whether or

not they are causing interference and
if so, be subject to FCC direction that
their use be discontinued.
Incidentally, would like to see more
information on microwave techniques in
your magazine.

tion and range. Do not depend on

grounding the CB set with the screws or
bolts which hold the set in its mounting
brackets, or the screws which hold the

door is closed. This makes it impossible

to switch on the dome light to read a
map, for example, while the headlights
are on. The reason for this is that the
headlight switch completes the ground
BUZZER
o

AUSTIN W. NELSON
Seattle, Wash.
Thank you Austin! We'd like to get
other readers' viewpoints on this radiation question. Why don't you drop us a
note and tell us what you think. Editor

OR

HEADLIGHT

OTHER

SW

ALARM

N
R1

1K

DOME
LAMP

RY

PANEL
LAMP

SCR

TO

IGNITION
SW.

R2

(ACC)

T
o

IRIO6Y1

use.

R -E

other side of the switch is used for the

key- reminder buzzer. By tying the cathode of the SCR and R2 to the high
side of this side of the switch eliminates
the problem. If it is necesary to operate the headlights with the door open,
a relay with normally closed contacts
could be wired in series with R1 with
the coil of the relay wired to the accessories (Acc) position on the ignition
switch (see figure). With this modification, the headlights can be operated
with the door open by turning the ignition switch ON or to ACC.
KEN KAMPSHOFF
Canova, SD

1000

o
I

bracket to the car dash or the RV frame,

etc. Some car dashboards are plastic, a
non -conductor and no ground at all! Run
a separate, No. 10 or 12, insulated copper wire between the negative pole of
the car's or RV's storage battery if that
pole is indeed already at ground potential, and the CB chassis, or ground terminal if there is one on the chassis.
Or run the wire to the car or RV frame,
being sure to scrape off the paint before
fastening the wire under a convenient
bolt head. Some types of CB gear can
be operated from the 117 -volt ac campground mains. In this case it is necessary
to be sure that either the RV or the CB
chassis itself is actually grounded into
the earth. The very best, and most simple
manner through which this can be accomplished is as follows. Acquire (from
any radio jobber or dealer) an ordinary,
3 to 6 -foot, copper- flashed steel ground
rod. It comes complete with connecting
screw bracket. Provide a length of No.
10 or 12 insulated copper wire long
enough to reach from the antenna mount
to about 2 feet above the pavement. Attach the large, battery -type clips to each
end of this, which will be called the
"ground wire."
Drive the ground rod into the earth
until at least 2 feet of it is in the ground.
Clip the ground wire to the top of the
ground rod and the other end to the
ground portion of the antenna mount. If
a coax plug, type PL -259 is being used,
the shell of that plug makes an excellent
place to which to clip the ground wire.
The plug shell should have been soldered
or electrically connected to the coax
shield which in turn is electrically connected to the CB chassis which is ground.
If the campground is not of the grassy
type, but with paved patios, the ground
wire can be clipped to the outside of the
117 -volt access box, or to the electrical
conduit. Each is supposed to be at
ground potential and suitable for this

R -E

DOOR JAMB SW

LIGHT
TDOMEHEADLIGHT

SWITCH

HEADLIGHT REMINDER
IMPROVEMENT
In the July 1974 issue, a simple headlight 'reminder was described by Mr.
Bixby (page 42). encountered the following problem with the circuit. If the
dome light is switched on by using the
headlight switch while the headlights
are on, the buzzer will sound even if the
I

ON

SW

circuit just as the door jamb switch

does (see figure). As shown in the
article, a switch could be wired in
series with the buzzer, but there is always the problem of forgetting to reactivate the alarm.
On late model GM products, the door
jamb switch is an spdt type switch. The

58
www.americanradiohistory.com

Would you like to put the screws back

-and save about ten
dollars additional service time?
in this yourself

St le of
L

TLT E

This new column will explore new developments in

discrete and integrated circuits and their
applications. New releases are featured at the end of the column.
by KARL SAVON
SEMICONDUCTOR EDITOR
I spend a fair amount of time going
through the incessant flow of technical
papers and new product information that
pass over my desk each week. It leaves
a realization that the semiconductor
arena has become fantastically complex
during the last few years. The transistor
is being exercised to its fullest potential,
and the integrated circuit is now way
past its infancy. The emergence of the
microcomputer, a large, powerful arrangement of logical circuit blocks laid
out on a single monolithic IC, hints at
the magnitude of system concepts that
are now being designed into commercial
products.
This new column will be a stab at
seeing through the trees by picking out
significant semiconductor applications
and exploring their principles. It will help
reveal what is going on by featuring developments in discrete and integrated
circuits and related technologies. I will
answer questions of interest to Radio Electronics readers and the technical
community. Towards the end of the
column you will find some short release
type items of interest to the semiconductor hobbyist and technician.
Well, enough for the ground rules and
on to an examination of a display system
that reshapes the neon bulb and combines it with a state of the art scanning
concept to give a different and unusual
product. -Karl Savon

Burroughs Self -Scan display

This is an innovative display system
that mixes a handful of IC's and
transistors with a new readout to give
real competition to the long implanted
electromechanical panel mater.
When a solid -state system is designed to measure something such as
voltage, frequency, or time, it must
display the result to the equipment
user in a way that is easy to interpret
and does not in itself introduce a
significant part of the total measure-

ment error. These applications might

be best met by a digital LED or liquid crystal readout.
There are some applications where
comparing two or more readings is
more important than the actual numerical value of a measured quantity.
A multi -engine boat or plane normally
shares the power requirements evenly
among its power plants. A factory
operator wants to know immediately
if there is a discrepancy in the operating speeds of machinery that may
warn of a serious production problem.
Burroughs Self -Scan displays are ideal
for such comparison measurements
when they are mounted side by side.
The first series of these displays consist of two bar -graphs in the same
gas -filled chamber.
As an attractive alternative to the
meter movement, Burroughs has put
together the Self -Scan bar -graph
plasma display, patterned after their
Panaplex II display panels. The display, which can be likened roughly to
a string of 200 neon bulbs arranged
with precision in a single envelope,
does not have the accuracy problems
of a mechanical meter since it does
not suffer from the inertial and frictional limitations of moving parts.
Though direct comparison is the forte
of this display, it makes a very acceptable meter replacement in most
any system by marking increments
along the height of the gas -discharge
tube. It presents an illuminated bar,
with a resolution of one out of its
200 segments. This resolution is
mathematically expressed as one divided by 200 or 0.5 %.
To use the bar-graph, the gas ionization must be started at the lower
zero reference end, and then propagated up its elements in domino
fashion. Only one element is lit at any
moment, and it is a repetitive scan
action that gives the appearance of a

constantly illuminated bar. When the

desired indication length is reached
the display must be turned off so it
does not illuminate the remaining
elements. The process is repeated at
a rate fast enough to prevent flicker,
yet slow enough to permit the glow to
propagate reliably. Typically, the elements are stepped at a 50 -s per segment rate giving a maximum scan
time equal to 200 X 50 X 10'8 =
10 ms. If a new scan is started immediately after each 10 -ms interval,
the scan rate is 100 scans per second.
To keep the display brightness consistent, the scan is initiated at regular
intervals rather than immediately following termination.
Figure 1 shows how the device is
assembled and used in an analog voltage measurement scheme with the
necessary circuit logic to drive it.
Three groups of alternating printed
cathodes on a ceramic substrate are
the key to its operation. Adjacent segments are driven sequentially by a
modulo 3 counter and decoder to
move a single lit element one segment
at a time at the clock -generator rate.
The l driver boils down to a three stage counter with a reset capability.
The reset state is a fourth state that is
entered only once during each scan.
A common transparent wrap
around anode printed on the glass
cover plate is biased through a limiting resistor from a 250 -volt power
supply. A separate keep-alive anode
and corresponding grounded cathode
constantly illuminates the cathode
area acting like a pilot light. Nothing
further can happen until the glow is
transferred past the blocking reset
cathode. Keeping the reset cathode at a
high voltage prevents the glow from
propagating up the 200-segment display.
A voltage high enough to prevent
conduction and low enough to reduce

59

GLASS PLATE

level and ending the scan. The keep alive cathode is still glowing and now
waits for the next reset pulse to repeat the linear scan.
In the illustration (Fig. 1) , an analog input voltage is compared with a
counter generated step waveform from
the digital -to- analog converter. At
each clock pulse this waveform jumps
an equal step in voltage. At the in-

ANODES
250V

250V

ANODE
CONTACTS

SPACER

KEEP -ALIVE
ANODE

CERAMIC SUBSTRATE
CATHODES

RESET

250V

CATHODE
KEEP -ALIVE CATHODE

stant the input equals or exceeds the

step voltage, the comparator activates
Q1 to terminate the scan. Proportioning the two compared waveforms determines the full scale display voltage
calibration.
Two or more displays can be economically driven by paralleling the
corresponding cathodes so they are
driven by common circuitry. Individual display control is retained by
the separate control of the particular
anode.

Reader circuit
Frank E. Stanley of Glenside, PA

o ANALOG INPUT
VOLTAGE

02

S51

03

ANODE
CLAMP
Q1

COMPARATOR

r-

Z1

Q2-

03

V STEP

asks some questions about the often

seen circuit configuration of Fig. 2.
How do you change gain? The circuit is a common emitter amplifier
with dc and ac feedback. Circuit gain
is determined by both the opencircuit loop gain and by the amount of
BIAS
feedback. Loop gain is the amplificaSUPPLY
tion measured between a broken circuit path. For example, if the base
lead of the transistor is opened and
drive from a signal source with a dc

SEQUENTIAL

D/A CONVERTER

Vg

DECODER

VOUT

200TH COUNT
DECODER

MODULE 3
COUNTER
V STEP

COUNTER
C3

25pF

20 kHz CLOCK

t (STEP NO

2-

FIG.
BURROUGHS SELF -SCAN DISPLAY is shown with the necessary circuitry to drive it
in an analog voltage measurement scheme.

COMMON EMITTER AMPLIFIER circuit with ac and dc feedback. Gain is determined by the open -loop gain and the
feedback.

the transistor peak collector voltage

is developed by Zener diode Z1 bias
supply. The reset cathode is primed
or preconditioned by its proximity to
the keep -alive cathode and its ionized
glow. Every 200th clock pulse, Q2 is
turned on, grounding the reset cathode
and beginning the actual display pro ces. Throughout the display time, the
glow must be transferred from a previously activated cathode priming the
adjacent, next to be grounded element,
by the ionized particles in its vicinity.
Once the reset cathode glows, the

bias adjusted for the proper transistor

currents, and if the R1, R2, R3 junction is loaded by the equivalent input
resistance of the transistor base, then
the open -loop gain is the ratio of
the signal voltage at the junction of
the three resistors to the injected input level at the transistor base. Open loop gain depends on the transistor
collector current, along with the values of RE and RL. The feedback factor is approximately the impedance at
the base of the transistor including the
loading of R2 and R3 divided by this

GENERATOR

200

1-

gas- discharge is no longer isolated

from the 01, 012, 03 cathodes. As the
cathodes are sequentially grounded,
the display propagates up the length
of the bar by the three -phase drive.
In this system, every third cathode is

simultaneously grounded, but only the

primed one can accept the transferred
glow. The anode resistor value is selected to permit only enough current
to flow to ionize one segment at a
time. At the desired clock count, Q1 is
turned on, lowering the anode -tocathode voltage below its sustaining

www.americanradiohistory.com

FIG.

impedance plus R1. R,, was neglected

since it is small compared to R1. If
the open -loop gain is much larger
than the inverse feedback factor, the
closed -loop gain is relatively insensitive to the exact value of the open loop gain and is largely dependent
on the amount of feedback. Varying
R1 over a reasonable range, provides
good control over the closed -loop circuit gain. Increasing Rl reduces the
voltage collector to base feedback
which increases gain.
How do you change input and output impedance? A virtual ground is
simulated at the base of the transistor
because of the significant amount of
negative voltage feedback. In other
words, the ac impedance looking at the
transistor base node is close to zero.
I calculate it to be about 12 ohms.
R3 added to the 12 ohms then becomes the input impedance. As R3 is
1000 ohms, it can be considered the
entire input impedance and so can be
changed directly by changing the resistor.
Some caution must be used though,
since radical decreases in R3 lowers
the feedback factor and eventually
will alter the relative gain approximation and destroy the virtual ground.
The output impedance is R,, divided
by the loop gain which calculates to
about half of RI, or 1300 ohms.
Changing Rr, will change the output
impedance in the same direction of
the change. The impedance change
will not be proportional due to the
complication of changes in loop gain.
Loading the output decreases the ac
signal fed back to the transistor base
giving a net increase in signal at
the base. The output signal voltage
tends to increase which is a direction
to compensate for the loading.
Can I substitute a pnp transistor
and still keep the negative power supply grounded? Yes, the circuit can be
inverted with the pnp emitter resistor
returned to the positive voltage supply. The new hook -up will have a loss
in power supply noise rejection though,
since there will be increased signal
coupling between the supply and the
transistor base.
When is C3 needed? C3 bypasses
the emitter of the transistor for signal
frequencies and raises the open -loop
ac gain. In some amplifiers a second
unbypassed resistor is inserted in series
with the emitter giving flexible independent control of both the ac and dc
gains.
When is RE needed? RE affects the
dc biasing of the amplifier stage and
in turn influences all of its characteristics. It is a dc feedback resistor because it is common to both the output and input signal paths and is bypassed for ac.

What is the purpose of R1 and R2,

and should R1 be returned to the
power supply? R1 and R2 form a voltage divider that helps determine the
base voltage on the transistor and its
emitter current. Returning R1 to
the supply interrupts the collector to
base feedback and the circuit becomes
more dependent on parameters to
which it would otherwise be nearly
immune. For example, the dc bias
conditions can be analyzed with respect to the influence of transistor
beta.
Figure 3 is the equivalent dc circuit
vs

i.o8v
RE

18012

FIG.

3- EQUIVALENT

DC

CIRCUIT of the

common -emitter amplifier.

where Rl has been connected to the

power supply. The R1, R2 voltage
divider has an open-circuit voltage of
1.08 volts with a 6.06 kilohm impedance which is their paralleled resistance. In the diagram, the divider is
replaced with its Thevenin equivalent.
If the transistor has a nominal beta of
50 and the total beta spread of the
device is 25 to 100, the collector current changes with beta because it is
accompanied by a corresponding
change in base current, in turn modifying the emitter voltage and current.
Some figuring gives the following
results:
Beta

25
50
100

lE

I<

1.16 mA 1.12
L58
1.61
2.00
1.98

V. Change

V<

mA

6.99
5.74
4.65

V.

+22%
0

(ref. value)

-19
These results were based on a power
supply voltage of 10 volts. Halving and
doubling the nominal beta changes
the collector voltage by about plus
and minus 20 %.
Reconnecting R1 to the collector reinstating the feedback gives a modified table:
Beta
25

50
100

V<

7.04 volts
7.03
7.02

V<

Change

+.14%
0

-.14

The % Vc change is now only

x-.14 %, an improvement of about 130
were not calculated
times! I. and
as intermediate steps and so are not
tabulated. Similarly the ac parameters
such as gain and impedance levels are
stabilized by the feedback against

transistor parameter variations.

Interdesign monochip
Designing a custom integrated circuit from scratch is a very expensive
and time consuming proposition. It

practice normally reserved for

the major corporations expecting to
sell thousands to millions of pieces a
year.
Interdesign presents a more economical alternative using inventoried, pre diffused IC wafers. Three bipolar chips
are available ranging in size from 50 x
50 mils to 80 x 80 mils and with 110
to 300 components. It may be hard to
imagine how this number of components could be wired into a user's product. The intent is to have a sufficient
variety of devices to assemble all or
most of the customer's circuit on a
single IC. IC techniques do use more
active devices than their discrete counterparts, since it is paramount to
eliminate external components such as
capacitors and the terminals needed
to get off and back on the chip.
is a

CT5031 calculator chip

Cal -Tex has introduced a MOS calculator chip that uses less than 10 mW
of power. When combined with LED
displays, series segment resistors, and
display drivers, a 9 -volt battery will
keep it going for up to 20 hours.
Basically a four-function 6 or 8digit floating point machine, powers
can be calculated by repeated operaations of the multiplication key. Reciprocal powers are computed by multiple
operations of the division key. Negative numbers are entered with double
keying of the decimal point key.
A unique test system built into the
5031 checks the competency of 95%
of its circuitry. Eight 8's are entered
and a special test key is hit. If everything is right the LED's will indicate

-1.5.9.1.2.3.8..
A display hold terminal can be optionally connected through a 10 -F
capacitor to the single power supply
voltage. A series resistor and switch
paralleled with the capacitor enables
the display for 30 to 45 seconds, an
energy conservation measure.
Another optional feature is an answer light that differentiates between
a keyboard entry and the result of a
previous calculation. Single unit samples are priced at $15 each.

Proto -Clip
For those of you into integrated
circuit construction projects, Continental Specialties is selling their ProtoClip for easy circuit troubleshooting
without the danger of shorting IC
leads.
No springs or pivots are used in
(continued on page 98)
61

TFC1-1NICAll TrIPICC
new antenna for the 20 -meter ham band plus five
other circuits for you to scrutinize. There is a road ice alarm,
touch -operated volume control, two precedent detector circuits and a speech alarm.
Here is

by ROBERT F. SCOTT
TECHNICAL EDITOR

AMATEUR RADIO AS

COMMUNICATIONS

medium has a potential unsurpassed by

other media when it comes to things of interest to the ham. Yet, circuits and devices
developed and widely used on one continent
are often almost unheard of on another. This
is particularly true of antennas. The quad
was popular in South America for several
years before it was described in several
American ham publications and gained
popularity in the U.S. The Swiss Quad
sturdier version of the quad
almost
completely ignored by American hams
whose quads are prone to damage by the
first heavy wind or freezing rain.
With this in mind, we open this month
with details on a new type of vhf beam antenna that may well be adopted by CB'ers
and others desiring a compact antenna with
moderate gain and a good front -to -back
ratio.

-is

given several coats of shellac or marine varnish as weatherproofing. The 9 -inch dowels
join tubes at the driven ends and the 11 -inch
pieces connect the tubes at the high -voltage
ends. Cadmium- or nickel -plated No. 10
bolts go through the tubing and dowel (Fig.
-b). Two washers and an extra nut form
terminals at the feed ends of the loops.

The outer ends of the 1/2-inch pieces are

slotted and then crimped with pliers or
swaged for a sliding fit on the 11 -inch pieces.
The 11 -inch tubes are each 72 inches long
with 6 inches at each end bent 90 . (You can
make a smooth bend without crimping with
a spring -type tubing bender used by
plumbers and in garages and filling sta-

CLAMP SECURED
BY NO. 6 NUT AND
BOLT

-a

TO ACCEPT

1/4" O/D TUBE

3" I-1/2" O/D

67"

67"
FEED WITH 5012
COAX THROUGH
1:1 BALUN

SLIDE FIT

60"

A new antenna is born

Many hams all over the world are
forced, by neighbors' prejudices, to use an
unobtrusive antenna such as a long -wire
or vertical when they prefer a much more
effective Yagi or quad beam antenna.
This problem, faced by Zygmunt T.
Chowaniec, G3PTN, led to the development of a 2- element beam antenna configuration which, for 20 meters, is hardly larger
than a high -gain TV antenna. Its turning
radius is only 7,`eet! The new beam-called
a
Zygi -was described in Radio
Commnication. To reduce the spread of
20 -meter beam is approxithe antenna
mately 34 feet across-G3PTN folded the
dipole into a horizontal rectangle with its
sides having a 2:I ratio or about 1111 x 5
feet. The rectangular radiator has a radiation resistance of 48 ohms.
The antenna was converted into a beam
by adding a second loop fed through a transposed phasing line (see Fig. -1-a). It is assembled from %- and 11 -inch aluminum tubing. The larger elements are mounted at
right angles to the boom by "U" bolts
through plates 12 inches long and 211 inches
wide. The plates at the input ends of the
loops are No. 18 gauge mild steel with 11
inch of each lengthwise edge turned up 90
for rigidity. The plates at the high -voltage
(open) ends of the loops are 11 inch thick
acrylic plastic such as Lucite or Plexiglas.
Lengths of PVC tubing insulate the antenna elements from the "U" bolts.
Two 9 -inch and two 11 -inch pieces of
11 -inch O.D. wooden dowel have 3 inches
on each end turned or filed down for a snug
fit inside the 11-inch tubes. They are then

REDUCED IN DIA

1/4" O/D

PHASING LINE 30012

TWIN LEAD 86" LONG

66

66"

7/'

PVC

SLEEVE

63"
1/4" 0/D
ALUMINUM

60"

TUBE

NO. 10
CONNECTOR

63"
tDIRECTION OF
MAX RADIATION

62"

5"

30052 TWIN LEAD

f--

62"

}
1/2" 0/0
ALUMINUM TUBE

-a

PVC

TUBING

-1/2"
'U' BOLTS

1/2"
1/8'

a
NO. 10 NUTS & BOLTS

DOWEL

Am

(TERMINALS)
1m1

A
1/2" WIDE ALUMINUM
2 -1/2"

DIA,

BOOM

11' LONG

MILD
STEEL PLATE

CLAMP
TWIST LINE HERE

'U' BOLT
TO FIT BOOM

PHASING LINE
BOOM

PLASTIC SPACERS
ADJUSTED TO TAKE UP
SLACK ON PHASING LINE
C

FIG. 1 -THE ZYGI ANTENNA is

is only 7 feet.

a 2-

element beam designed for 20- meters. It's turning radius

Lions to bend gas lines). The loops are

not rise above 2:1 at the hand edges. Forward gain is around 4 dB and the front -toback ratio is 8 -10 dB.
The G3PTN Zygi antenna is covered by
British patents, but amateurs may construct
and operate one for their own personal use.

tuned by telescoping the smaller tubes into

the larger- adjusting both sides equally to
maintain symmetry.
The phasing line between the loop feed points is an 86 -inch piece of 300 -ohm twin lead with No. IO ring soldering terminals on
each end. The ribbon is held in place by two
acrylic plastic blocks formed and adjusted
as in Fig. -c.

Speech timer
At public meetings. conferences. debates
and in speech classes and the like. each
speaker is limited to a predetermined
amount of time. This timer (Fig. 2). described in Break -ln. a New Zealand
amateur radio magazine. can he set for time
periods of either 3 or 5 minutes. A green
indicator lamp comes on at the beginning of
the timed period. an amber light warns the
speaker that he has only one -half minute left
and a red light indicates the end of the
period. A trot D position on switch S2 interrupts the timing cycle to allow for such interruptions as when points of order are decided. Sss itching S2 to OIT RA IT allows the
timing cycle to continue so the speaker does
not lose time duc to the interruption.
The device uses two timers: one for either
21/2 or 41/2 minutes and the other for 1/2
minute. The 30- second timer turns on
when the first timer has completed its preselected interval to give a total countdown
of either 3 or 5 minutes.

Tuning up
Loops :\ and B are grid- dipped -with the
phasing line disconnected-to frequencies
outside the hand (G3PTN used 13.75 and
15.50 MHz. respectively) by sliding the
sides in or out about inch for each desired
100-kHz shift. Extending the sides lowers
the frequency: pushing them in raises it.
With the phasing line in place. connect the
50 -ohm coax line to the antenna through a
:1 halun and raise the antenna to the planned working height. Connect an impedance
bridge or swr bridge between the coax and
transmitter and check the swr across the
band. It should he around I.I:I at the
operating frequency. Adjust the length of
loop A to get the minimum swr where you
want it and then adjust loop B for the best
front -to -back ratio. With the antenna tuned
to 14.2 MHz for a swr of
I. the sssr does
I

4.7K

6 2K

2252

BC 107

R1

250K

opt RAIL.

BC107

01

The power supply delivers 24 volts regulated. You can use a 28-32 -volt filament
transformer and four general -purpose sili:on rectifier diodes rated at ampere or so.
-he transistors are general- purpose npn
silicon types similar to the Workman WEP
735 and Zenith ZEN 103.

40052

21J4360

Throwing SI to START applies power to

the first timer (Q1-Q4) and turns on the
(-REIN indicator through the normally
closed contacts on relays RYI and RY2.
Q I. a p- channel FET. is initially cut off with
its gate at 0 volts and - 24 and 10 volts on
its drain and source. respectively. With
power applied. the FET's gate gradually
lises to half the supply voltage level ( -12
colts) in a period determined by the time
constant of RI X CI (orRl X CI -4 -C2).
When the timing capacitance's charge
12 volts. Q
saturates and its
reaches
drain goes to about --9 volts. Q3 and Q4
torm a Schmitt trigger with Q3 cut off and
Q4 conducting. Q2 amplifies the trigger
pulse from QI. When Q I's drain drops from
-24 to -9 volts. the regenerative action of
the Schmitt trigger quickly drives Q3 to saturation.
Rela RYI is energized. switching the indicator from green to amber and applying
purser to the 30- second timer. In 30 seconds. the 100 -F timing capacitor charges to
- 12 volts so RY2 operates. removing power
from the amber lamp and turning on the red
one.
When the timer is turned off. SI -h shorts
the timing capacitor(s) in the first timer to
nsure that the next timed interval starts
's ith Q I's gate at 0 volts. When S2 is thrown
to not t). S2 -h disconnects the timing
:apacitance in the first tinier so it will hold
its remaining charge so the timed interval
can continue when S2 is again thrown to

IN4001=

4.7K

2501(

Cl
OPERATE

C2
220N

3MIN

560F

LOW CURRENT

5MIN

S3

S2b

Two precedence detectors

24

OFF

STARTO

4.7K? ;6.2K

VOLT

LAMPS

HOLD O
O

AMBER@

2252

250K
()GREEN

BC107
40052

ORED

250K

OFF

OPERATE

Si a
START

S2

HOLD
-24v

BY 122
640pF

117v

BZY92/C24
24V, 1W
ZENER

2000

2-

FIG.
SPEECH TIMER
the indicator lights.

5W

uses two seperate timing circuits to control relays which switch

A device that indicates which of two or

more close -spaced events occurs first has
many potential uses in industry. science, entertainment games. sporting events and in

electronic troubleshooting. A circuit that

will detect and store the indication of the
first of two events is shown in Fig. 3. It was
described in Radio & Electronic
(*nmrr:a Iur. It is based on an R -S flip -flop
using two of the four NAND gates in a 7400
IC, IA NAND gate develops a low or logic
"0" output when all logic input signals are
either high or "l." When either or both inputs are "0," the output is "1."
In operation. SI and 52 are closed and the
circuit shows which is opened first. With the
switches closed. the R (reset) and S (set)
inputs are connected to 4.7 volts ( "0 ").
and. because of the cross -coupling, both
outputs are at "1." Transistors Q1 and Q2
are biased near cutoff so the indicator
lights are off.
Now. suppose that SI is opened. causing
the input connected to it to go high. Both
inputs to gate I are "I" and the gate I output
goes to "O." With its base going negative.
QI conducts and turns on the indicator
lamp for SI.
No matter how closely behind SI switch
S2 is opened. S2's indicator cannot turn on
because both inputs of a NAND gate must
he "I" for the "0" required to turn on Q2.
In any event. with both switches open. one
lamp will he on and the other off. The circuit
resets to its original state when both

63

as an
electron cs troubleshooter in a
fascinatiig earn-at-home

You gain new skills

prograrr. from Bell & Howell

Schools. It ncludes building
and experimenting with the new
generati 3n color TV.

If you're like most men, deep down inside there's

still a bit of the boy who loved to go exploring ... and who'd
love to go again. Well, now you can.

Only this time you'll explore the expanding world of

electronics ... a world more fascinating than any you ever
dreamed of as a boy.

Learn by exploring ... Bell & Howell Schools

offers an exciting way for you to gain new occupational
skills in electronics.
Everybody enjoys learning something new, but why
learn it the old way? Classes to go to. Lectures to sit through.
And only a bunch of books to keep you interested.
Bell & Howell Schools' adventure in learning is a far
cry from all that.
You can probe into electronics and learn exciting
new occupational skills right in your own home, in your spare
time. On whatever days and whatever hours you choose. So
there's no need to give up your present job and paycheck
just because you want to learn something new.
What's more, when you're exploring a field as
fascinating as electronics, reading about it is just not enough.
That's why throughout this program you'll get lots of "hands
on" experience with some of today's latest electronic
training tools.

You'll be stimulated for hours on end as you

build, experiment and learn while using the latest ideas
and techniques in this fascinating field.
As part of the program you'll actually learn to build
and work with your own electronics laboratory. Using it to put
many of today's most dynamic electronic discoveries to the

test... including electronic miniaturization.

you'll build:
1. A design console, for setting up and examining circuits.
2. A digital multimeter for measuring voltage, resistance and
current (it displays its findings in big, clear numbers like a
digital clock).
3. A solid -state "triggered sweep" oscilloscope similar in
principle to the kind used in hospital operating rooms to
monitor heartbeats. You'll use it to monitor the
"heartbeats" of tiny integrated circuits. The "triggered
sweep" feature locks in signals for easier observation.

Step -by -step you'll build and experiment with

Bell & Howell's new generation color TV- investigating
digital features you've probably never seen before!
This 25" diagonal color TV has digital features that
are likely to appear on all TV's of the future. As you build it
you'll probe into the technology behind all- electronic tuning.
And into the digital circuitry of channel numbers that appear
right on the screen! You'll also build in a remarkable on -thescreen digital clock, that flashes the time in hours, minutes
and seconds. Your new skills will enable you to program a
special automatic channel selector to skip over "dead"
channels and go directly to the channels of your choice.
You'll also gain a better understanding of the
exceptional color clarity of the Black Matrix picture tube, as
well as a working knowledge of "state of the art" integrated
circuitry and the 100% solid -state chassis.
After building and experimenting with this TV, you'll
be equipped with the skills that could put you ahead of the
field in electronics know-how.
We try to give more personal attention than
other learn -at -home programs.

Among the things you'll discover is how the

1. Toll -free phone -in assistance. Should you ever run into a
development of tiny integrated circuits has made possible an
rough spot during the program, we'll be there to help.
electronic calculator small enough to fit into a shirt pocket!
While many schools make you mail in your questions, we
And a wristwatch that flashes the time with the push of a button.
have a toll -free line for questions that can't wait.
You'll investigate the concept of "logic circuits." An
2. In- person "help sessions." These are held in 50 major
idea that has been with us for centuries but only in recent
cities at various times throughout the year where you can
years put to use as the "brain" behind all the new digital
talk shop with your instructors and fellow students.
consumer appliances we see today.
But more important than
No electronics background needed.
anything else is the new occupaWhat you really need is the thing
tional skills you'll develop in elecyou've never lost. A boy's love for
tronics troubleshooting. While no
exploring. Now you can go again,
assurance of income opportunities
only this time learning new
can be offered, you'll develop skills
occupational skills all along the way.
that could lead you in exciting new
directions. Use your training:
Mail the postage -paid card today
1. To seek out a job in the
for more details, free!
electronics industry.
Taken for vocational
2. To upgrade your current job.
purposes, this program is
3. As a foundation for advanced
approved by the state approval
programs in electronics.
agency for Veterans' Benefits.
You build and perform
many exciting experiments with
Bell & Howell's Electro -Lab;
An exclusive electronics training system.
Using our successful step -by -step method,

If card has been removed, write:

An

Simulated

N picture/test pattern.

" EJectro-Lab

IS a registered trademark
of the Bell & Howell Company
.

Electronics Home Study School

DEVHV IOSTTIIJTE OF TECHOOLDGV

al

BELL E HOWELL SCHOOLS

4141 Beimor, Ch Cago

mros 60641

736

sssr
6V
60mA

PIN 7
S1

IN4002

CAL

Cl
1000F

.9

330

01

6V
60mA

10V

D1

2.2K

2.2K

2.2K

FIG.

3- PRECEDENT

ACY18

DETECTOR uses
STAGE

+12V

R1

SUS

2N4989

.0015

01

VIN

SUS

LED

1K

i)

2N4989
9.1K

2N2222A

STAGES
AS REQUIRED
R5

\\A

0.

IH =

1.0mA

OPERATING PARAMETERS:
VIN > Vs AND < 2Vs
Vs > 2VF + VF (LED)

(CATHODE SIDE)

IH X Rs

A C

FIG.

4-

>

PART XXII
by ROBERT & ELIZABETH SCOTT

VS

ARCH -Indicates

the Archer brand of

semiconductors sold only by Radio
Shack and Allied Radio stores.
Allied Radio Shack, 2725 W. 7th

G C

MV5023

2N4989
PRECEDENT DETECTOR uses two SUS devices in each stage to control the LED

indicator.

St., Ft. Worth, Texas 76107

DM -D. M. Semiconductor Co., P.O. Box
131, Melrose, Mass. 02176
GGeneral Electric Co., Tube Product
Div., Owensboro, Ky. 42301

E-

+12V

+12V
LOUD

INPUT

(+6dB)

50K
LOUD

27K
1.5 MEG

O-.

OUTPUT

+3dB)

10F

50K

NORMAL

O-.

(0dB)
100K

Q3

-C1

O- 1:5

SOFT
(

ICC- International

+12V

O-

12K

-3dB)

-12v
SIMILAR TO SK3116 (RCA)
BC107, SIMILAR TO SK3124 (RCA) AND GE -20

Q1 = BFW11,

02, 03
FIG.

operating parameters are on the diagram.

The inputs are initially at 0 volts and any
circuit can be triggered ON by a momentary
positive pulse of at least sec duration.
In the untriggered state, the detector inputs are at O volt and the voltage across each
SUS is V,N/2. This is lower than striking
voltage Vs so no current can flow through
the LED's. Now, suppose that the initial
event occurs in the circuit of the device
(continued on page 96)

Substitution
guide for
replacement transistors

200mA

VF FOR MV5023 = 1.6VITYP) AT 20mA

FLAT OR NOTCH

monitors the

R -E's

NOTE: FOR 2N4989 SUS IG -El

Vs 7.5 TO 8.2V
VF = 1.5V

INPUT

ICE ALARM

ADDITIONAL

-------J

5-ROAD

exterior temperature.

470K

M V 5023

LI-INPUT

E)

FIG.

2N4989

GNDO

opened first.

470K

R3
9.1 K

is

STA(If

R4

2N2222A

Cl

flip -flop to determine which switch

0-'0/b--TH
9100

)J Q2

14

7400

117 V

6.3V

4.7V, 5%,
400mW

2.2K

T1

<,

S2

20K

ON-OFF

ACY18
330

R2

S3

6-TOUCH -OPERATED

VOLUME CONTROL. Volume is determined by charge on

switches are closed.

The ACY 18 used for Q and Q2 is a
European germanium switching transistor
similar to the 2N650 -2N652 series and the
2N 1186.
The circuit in Fig. 4 is a concept by Neal
E. Pritchard of ACDC Electronics appearing in Electronic Design News. It is designed around the SUS (silicon unilateral
1

Cl.

switch) with as many stages as needed.

Noted that each stage has a voltage divider
of two 470K resistors fed from the supply
(V15) through R I. R4 of each divider is
shunted by a 2N4989 SUS and R5 is shunted
by a 2N4989 and MV5023 (Monsanto) LED
in series. Each detector circuit is triggered
by a 2N2222A transistor connected between
the R4 -R5 junction and ground. Circuit

Components, 10 Daniel
Street, Farmingdale, N.Y. 11735
IR- International Rectifier, Semiconductor
Div., 233 Kansas St., El Segundo,
Calif. 90245
MAL- Mallory Distributor Products Co.,
4760 Kentucky Ave., Indianapolis,
Ind. 46241
MOT -Motorola Semiconductors, Box 2963,
Phoenix, Ariz. 85036
RCA --RCA Electronic Components, Harrison, N.J. 07029
SPR- Sprague Products Co., 65 Marshall
St., North Adams, Mass. 01247
SYL- Sylvania Electric Corp., 100 1st Ave.,
Waltham, Mass. 02154
WOR- Workman Electronic Products, Inc.,
Box 3828, Sarasota, Fla. 33578
ZEN -Zenith Sales Co., 5600 W. Jarvis Ave.,
Chicago, Ill. 60648

Radio -Electronics has done its utmost to

insure that the listings in this directory are as
accurate and reliable as possible; however,
no responsibility is assumed by Radio -Electronics for its use. We have used the latest
manufacturers material available to us and
have asked each manufacturer covered in the
listing to check its accuracy. Where we have
been supplied with corrections, we have updated the listing to include them. The first
part of this Guide appeared in March 1973.

ARCH

DM

G -E

ICC

IR

2N4967
2N4968
2N4969
2N4970
2N4971

NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

T-730
T-737
TS-0004
T-735
T-716

GE-62
GE-60
GE-20
GE-20
GE-21

ICC-730
ICC-737
ICC-S0004
ICC-735
ICC-716

IRTR-53
IRTR-53
IRTR-65

2N4972
2N4976
2N4980

NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

T-708

GE-67
GE-28
GE-67

NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

PTC 127
NA
PTC 103
PTC 103
PTC 103

NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

SR-1001
SR-1001
SR-1001
SR-1001
SR-1001
SR-1001
SR-1001

NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

ICC-R1001
ICC-R1001

NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

NA
NA
NA
NA

SR-1001
NA
NA
TS-0007

RS276-2013
RS276-2011
RS276-2011
NA
RS276-2021
RS276-2011
RS276-2009
RS276-2009

T-728

NA
NA
NA
GE-63
GE-63

NA
NA
NA
NA
TR-21

T-56
T-56
NA
T-76
T-709

GE-61
GE-61
GE-67
GE-67
NA

T-53

GE-20
GE-20
GE-20
GE-11

2N4981

2N4982
2N4983
2N4984
2N4985
2N4986
2N4987
2N4988
2N4989
2N4990
2N4991
2N4993
2N4994
2N4995
2N4996
2N4997
2N5022
2N5023
2N5024
2N5027
2N5028
2N5030
2N5031
2N5032
2N5033
2N5034
2N5035
2N5036
2N5037
2N5039
2N5040
2N5041
2N5042
2N5045
2N5046
2N5047
2N5050
2N5051

2N5052
2N5053
2N5054
2N5056
2N5057
2N5058
2N5059
2N5060
2N5061

2N5062
2N5063
2N5064
2N5065
2N5066
2N5067
2N5068
2N5069
2N5073
2N5078
2N5079
2N5080
2N5081

2N5082
2N5086
2N5087
2N5088
2N5089
2N5090
2N5103
2N5104
2N5105
2N5106
2N5107
2N5108
2N5109
2N5110
2N5111

2N5112
2N5116
2N5120
2N5126

NA
RS276-2011
RS276-2011
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

NA
RS276-2021
RS276-2021
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
RS276-2011
NA
RS276-2023
RS276-2023
RS276-2008

NA
NA
NA
NA

T-53
NA
T-709
T-709

TF-1035
T-247
T-247
T-247
T-247
TS-7000
T-51

T-716
NA
NA
NA
NA
T-241
T-241
NA
T-709
NA
T-52
T-52
T-706

RS-2008

T-706

NA
NA
NA

SR-1001

NA
NA

SR-1002
SR-1003
SR-1004
SR-1005

GE-21
NA

GE-11

NA
NA
NA
GE-14
NA
NA
GE-67
GE-67
GE-67
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

ICGR1001
ICGR1001
ICGR1001
ICGR1001
ICGR1001
ICGR1001
NA
NA

ICGS0007
ICG728
ICG56
ICG56
NA

ICG76
ICG709
ICG53
ICG53
ICG50
ICG709
ICG709
ICGF1035
ICG247
ICG247
ICG247
ICG247
ICC-S7000
ICG51

ICG716
NA
NA
NA
NA

ICG241
ICG241
NA

GE-20
GE-20

ICG709

NA
NA

ICG52
ICG52
ICG706
ICG706

NA

GE-27
GE-32
GEMR-5
GEMR-5
GEMR-5
GEMR-5

ICGR1001

ICGR1005
ICG53

ICGR1002
ICC.R1003
ICC-R1004

RS276-2009
RS276-2009

T-53

NA
NA

T-733

GE-64

ICC-733

NA
NA

T-247
T-247

GE-19
GE-14

NA

T-704
TS-3021
NA
TS-3001
NA

GE-14
NA
GE-FET-2
GE-28

ICG247
ICG247
ICG704

GE-28

NA

NA
NA
GE-67
GE-22

RS276-2013
RS276-2013

T-736
T-736
T-715
T-57
T-730
T-730

GE-62
GE-62

ICG736
ICG736
CC-715
CC-57
ICG730
ICG730

NA
NA
NA
NA

NA
NA
NA
NA

NA
GE-17
NA
NA

NA
NA
NA
NA

ICG53001
ICG736
ICGS3001
ICG75
CC-242
ICGS3031

NA
NA
NA
NA

RS276-2009
RS276-2009
RS276-2021

RS2762024

NA

TS-3001

NA

RS276-2009

T-736

GE-20

NA
NA

RS276-2025

TS-3001
T-75
T-242

NA
NA
NA

NA
NA
NA
NA
RS276-2009

TS-3031
NA
T-803
NA
T-727

NA
GE-69
NA
GE-18
GE-60

ICGS3021
NA

ICGS3001

NA

ICG803
NA

ICG727

MAL

MOT

RCA

SPR

SYL

WOR

ZEN

3124
3122
3122
3122
3114

RT-102
RT-102
RT-102
RT-102
RT-115

ECG 123A
ECG 123A
ECG 123A
ECG 123A
ECG 159

WEP-735
WEP-735
WEP-735
WEP-735
WEP-717

ZEN 116
NA
ZEN 127
ZEN 119
ZEN 107

NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

SK 3114
NA
NA
NA
SK 3114

RT-115
NA
NA
NA
RT-115

ECG 159
NA
NA
NA
ECG 159

WEP-717
NA

WEP-717

NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

HEP-R1001
HEP-R1001
HEP-R1001
HEP-R1001
HEP-R1001
HEP-R1001
HEP-R1001

NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

ECG 6404
NA
NA
NA
ECG 6404
NA
NA

NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

NA

NA
NA
PTC 121
PTC 121

HEP-R1001
NA
NA
HEP-S0007
HEP-728

NA
NA
NA
SK 3122
SK 3122

NA
NA
NA
RT-102
RT-102

NA
ECG 6403
ECG 6403
ECG 123A
ECG 123A

NA
NA
WEP-735
WEP-735
WEP-728

NA
NA
NA
NA
ZEN-114

NA
NA
IRTR-88
IRTR-88
NA

PTC 133
PTC 133
PTC 141
PTC 141
PTC 133

HEP-56
HEP-56
NA
HEP-76
HEP-709

HEP-53
HEP-53
HEP-50
HEP-709
HEP-709

WEP-56
WEP-56
WEP-242
WEP-242
WEP-709
WEP-53
WEP-53
EWP-53
WEP-709
WEP-709

ZEN 104
ZEN 104

PTC 136
PTC 136
PTC 136
PTC 133
PTC 133

RT-113
RT-113
RT-115
RT-115
RT-108
RT-100
RT-100
RT-115
RT-108
RT-108

ECG 108
ECG 108
ECG 129
ECG 129
NA

TR-21
TR-21
TR-21

SK 3018
SK 3018
SK 3025
SK 3025
SK 3039
NA
NA
NA
SK 3039
SK 3039

NA
IRTR-54

IRTR-70
IRTR-82
NA
NA
NA

PTC
PTC
PTC
PTC
PTC

133
139
123
123
103

TR-59
TR-59

NA
PTC 116
PTC 116
PTC 116
PTC 116

NA
TR-30
IRTR-52
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

NA
PTC 103
PTC 103
PTC 127
PTC 752
PTC 152
PTC 152
NA
NA
NA

TR-95
TR-95
NA
NA
TR-78
IRTR-78
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
TR-24
TR-36
TR-36
TR-36
NA
NA
NA
NA

HEP-730
HEP-737
HEP-S0004
HEP-735
HEP-716

SK
SK
SK
SK
SK

NA
HEP-F1035
HEP-247
SK 3036
HEP-247
NA
HEP-247
SK 3027
HEP-247
NA
HEP-S7000 SK 3511
NA
HEP-51
NA
HEP-716
NA
NA

NA
SK 3112

NA
NA
HEP-241
HEP-241
NA

SK 3112
SK 3112
SK 3131
SK 3131
NA

PTC 133
PTC 133
PTC 103
PTC 103
NA

HEP-709
NA
HEP-52
HEP-52
HEP-706

SK 3018
SK 3018
NA
NA
SK 3045

NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

HEP-706
HEP-R1001
HEP-R1002

SK 3045
NA
NA
NA
HEP-R1003

NA
HEP-R1004
NA
HEP-R1005
NA
HEP-53
HEP-733
NA
HEP-247
SK 3027
HEP-247
SK 3027
PTC 118
HEP-704
NA
NA
HEP-S3021
NA
PTC 152
NA
SK 3116
NA
HEP-S3001
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
PTC 123
PTC 153
PTC 118
PTC 118

NA

RT-164
RT-164
RT-164
RT-164

RT-149
RT-101
RT-115
RT-115
RT-175
RT-175
RT-175
NA
NA
NA

RT-113
RT-113
RT-103
RT-103
RT-110
RT-110
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

RT-100
RT-105
RT-131
RT-131
RT-131
NA
NA
RT-154
RT-154

NA
NA
NA
ECG 107
ECG 107

NA
NA
NA
NA
ECG 133
ECG 133
ECG 133
ECG 175
ECG 175
NA
ECG 108
ECG 108
NA
NA
ECG 154

ECG 130
ECG 130

NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

SK
SK
SK
SK
SK

RT-102
RT-102
RT-115
RT-115
RT-102

ECG 123A
ECG 123A
ECG 159
ECG 159
ECG 123A

PTC 139
PTC 128
NA
NA
NA

HEP-730

SK 3124 RT-102
NA
NA
SK 3116 RT-176
SK 3116 RT-176
SK 3116 RT-176

ECG 123A
NA
NA
NA
NA

TR-21
TR-21
TR-21
TR-21

NA
PTC 136
PTC 144
PTC 144
PTC 142

HEP-S3001
HEP-736
HEP-S3001
HEP-75
HEP-242

NA
NA
SK 3024
SK 3024
SK 3025

NA
RT-114
RT-114
RT-114
RT-115

NA
NA
ECG 128
ECG 128
ECG 129

TR-21

PTC 141

NA
NA
NA
IRTR-51

NA
NA
NA
PTC 121

HEP-S3031
NA
HEP-803
NA
HEP-727

SK 3025
NA
NA
NA
SK 3124

RT-115
RT-155
RT-177
RT-114
RT-113

ECG 129
NA
NA
NA
ECG 161

NA
IRTR-66
NA
NA
NA
NA

PTC
PTC
PTC
PTC
PTC

NA
NA
NA
NA

3122
3122
3114
3114
3124

WEP-247
WEP-247
WEP-247
WEP-247
WEP-S7000
WEP-51

WEP-716

ECG 154
ECG 5400
ECG 5401
ECG 5402
ECG 5403
ECG 5404
NA
NA

HEP-736
HEP-736
HEP-715
HEP-57
HEP-730

NA
IRTR-52
TR-19
NA

NA

NA
ECG 223
ECG 223
ECG 223
ECG 223

136
136
127
127
139

TR-21

NA
NA

NA
WEP-801
WEP-801
WEP-801
WEP-241
WEP-241
NA

WEP-56
WEP-56
WEP-52
WEP-52
WEP-244
WEP-244
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

WEP-247
WEP-247
WEP-704
WEP-S3021
NA
NA
NA

WEP-736
WEP-736
WEP-715
WEP-57
WEP-735
WEP-735
NA
NA
NA
NA

NA
NA
WEP-243
WEP-243
WEP-242
WEP-242
NA
NA
NA
WEP-719

NA
NA
105

ZEN
ZEN
ZEN
ZEN
ZEN
ZEN

102
102
100
105
105

NA

NA
NA
NA
NA

NA
ZEN 101
ZEN 107
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

ZEN 105
NA
NA

NA
NA
NA
NA

NA
NA
NA
NA
ZEN 102
NA
NA
NA

NA
ZEN 208
NA
NA
NA
ZEN 120
ZEN 120
ZEN 106
NA
ZEN 116
ZEN 116
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
ZEN 120
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

NA
(turn page)

NA =NOT APPLICABLE

69

www.americanradiohistory.com

ARCH

DM

G -E

ICC

IR

2N5127
2N5128
2N5129
2N5130
2N5131
2N5132
2N5133
2N5134
2N5135
2N5136
2N5317
2N5138
2N5139
2N5140
2N5141

RS276-2009
RS276-2009
RS276-2009
RS276-2011
RS276-2009
RS276-2009
RS276-2009
RS276-2009
RS276-2009
RS276-2009
RS276-2003
RS276-2023
RS276-2023
NA
NA

T-727
T-53
T-53
T-56
T-50
T-732
T-50
T-724
T-53
T-53
T-53
T-52
T-52
NA
NA

GE-62
GE-20
GE-20
GE-61
GE-10
GE-60
GE-62
GE-20
GE-20
GE-20
GE-20
GE-21
GE-20
NA
GE-22

ICC-727
ICC-53
ICC-53
ICC-56
ICC-50
ICC-732
ICC-50
ICC-724
ICC-53
ICC-53
ICC-53
ICC-52
ICC-52
NA
NA

TR-24
IRTR-51
IRTR-87
NA
TR-21
TR-21
IRTR-51
TR-21
IRTR-21
IRTR-21
IRTR-51
IRTR-52
NA
TR-20
TR-20

2N5142
2N5143
2N5144
2N5145
2N5155

RS276-2021
RS276-2021
RS276-2009
NA
NA

T-51
T-51

ICG51
ICG51
CC-736
ICGS3001
NA

TR-20
TR-10

T-736
TS-3001
NA

GE-22
GE-22
GE-20
NA
GE-25

2N5156
2N5157
2N5160
2N5161
2N5163

NA
NA
RS276-2021
NA
NA

T-625
T-740
T-76
NA
T-802

GE-25
NA
GE-29
GE-69
GE-FET-1

CC-625
ICG740
CC-76

2N5168
2N5169
2N5170
2N5171

NA
NA
NA
NA

SR-1220
SR-1221
SR-1222
SR-1223

GEMR-3
GEMR-3
GEMR-3
NA

2N5172
2N5174
2N5175
2N5176
2N5179
2N5180

RS276-2011
NA
NA
NA
RS276-2011
RS276-2011

T-56
T-713
T-712
T-712
T-709
T-56

GE-62
NA
GE-27
NA
NA
GE-61

2N5181
2N5182
2N5183
2N5184
2N5185

RS276-2013
RS276-2011
NA
NA
NA

T-729
T-56
TS-3001
T-712
T-712

NA
NA
GE-63
GE-27
GE-27

2N5186
2N5187
2N5188
2N5189
2N5190

RS276-2009
RS276-2009
NA
NA
RS276-2019

T-50
T-53
TS-3001
TS-3010
TS-5003

GE-20
GE-20
NA
GE-28
GE-57

2N5191
2N5192
2N5193
2N5194
2N5195

RS276-2019
NA
RS276-2027
RS276-2027
NA

TS-5003
TS-5000
TS-5007
TS-5007
TS-5006

GE-57
GE-55
GE-58
GE-58
GE-56

2N5200
2N5201
2N5202
2N5204
2N5205

RS2762015

T-720
T-720
NA
NA
NA

NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

2N5208
2N5209
2N5210

RS276-2023

T-52
T-720
T-728
NA
T-722

GE-21
GE-61

RS276-2013
NA
RS276-2009

2N5220
2N5221
2N5222
2N5223
2N5224

RS2762011
RS276-2021

T-721
T-51

RS2762015

T-720
T-727
T-727

2N5225
2N5226
2N5227
2N5228
2N5229

RS276-2011
RS2762021

T-721

NA
NA
NA

2N5230

RS276-2015
NA
NA
NA

RS2762013

NA

CC-802
ICGR1220
ICGR1221
ICGR1222
ICC-R1223

CC-56
ICG713
ICG712
CC-712
ICG709
ICG56
CC-729
CC-56
ICGS3011
ICCG712

ICG712

ICG50
ICG53
CC-53001
ICC-S3010

ICGS5003
ICGS5003
ICC-S3000

ICG55007
ICGS507
ICGS506
ICG720
ICG720
NA
NA
NA

CC-52
ICG729
ICG728

MAL

MOT

RCA
SK 3124
SK 3124

131
131

HEP-727
HEP-53
HEP-53
HEP-56
HEP-50
HEP-732
HEP-50
HEP-724
HEP-53
HEP-53
HEP-53
HEP-52
HEP-52
NA
NA

TR-21
NA
NA

PTC 103
PTC 103
PTC 136
NA
NA

TR-27
IRTR-88
IRTR-88
NA
FE-100
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
IRTR-51
TR-78
TR-78
NA
NA

SYL

WOR

ZEN

RT-102
RT-102
SK 3024 RT-114
SK 3018 RT-113
SK 3124 RT-113
SK 3124 RT-108
SK 3018 RT-113
SK 3124 RT-114
SK 3124 RT-114
SK 3124 RT-114
SK 3124 RT-102
SK 3114 RT-115
SK 3114 RT-115
SK 3118 RT-126
SK 3118 RT-126

ECG 123A
ECG 123A
ECG 128
ECG 161
ECG 108
ECG 107
ECG 161
ECG 123A
ECG 128
ECG 128
ECG 123A
ECG 159
ECG 159
ECG 106
ECG 106

WEP-735
WEP-735
WEP-243
WEP-719
WEP-56
WEP-720
WEP-719
WEP-735
WEP-243
WEP-243
WEP-735
WEP-717
WEP-717
WEP-52
WEP-52

NA
ZEN 102
ZEN 102
ZEN 104
ZEN 100
NA
ZEN 100
ZEN 112
ZEN 102
ZEN 102
ZEN 102
NA
NA
NA
NA

HEP-51
HEP-51
HEP-736
HEP-53001
NA

SK 3114
SK 3114
NA
NA
NA

RT-115
RT-115
RT-103
NA
NA

ECG 159
ECG 159
NA
NA
NA

WEP-717
WEP-717
NA
NA
NA

ZEN 101
ZEN 101
ZEN 120
NA
NA

PTC 122
PTC 129
PTC 127
NA
PTC 151

HEP-625
HEP-740
HEP-76
NA
HEP-802

NA
SK 3025
SK 3025
NA
SK 3116

NA
RT-115
RT-115
RT-155
RT-175

NA
162

NA
WEP-242
WEP-242
NA
WEP-802

NA
ZEN 206
NA
NA
ZEN 123

NA
NA
NA
NA

HEP-R1220
HEP-R1221
HEP-R1222
HEP-R1223

NA
NA
NA
NA

NA
NA
NA
NA

PTC
PTC
PTC
PTC
PTC
PTC
PTC
PTC
PTC
PTC
PTC
PTC
PTC
PTC
PTC

PTC
PTC
PTC
PTC
PTC
PTC

139
123
123
121

123
121

139
121

153
123
123
103
103

139
123
125
125
133
132

TR-92
NA
NA
NA
NA

PTC 137
PTC 137
NA
NA
NA

HEP-S5003 SK 3054
HEP-S5000 SK 3054
HEP-S5007 SK 3083
HEP-S5007 SK 3083
HEP-S5006 SK 3083

RT-152
RT-152
RT-153
RT-153
RT-153

ECG 184
ECG 184
ECG 185
ECG 185
NA

NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

PTC 133
PTC 123
NA
NA
NA

HEP-720
HEP-720
NA
NA
NA

SK 3124
SK 3020
SK 3021
NA
NA

RT-113
RT-118
RT-128
NA
NA

ECG 108
ECG 100
NA
ECG 5547
ECG 5531

WEP-56
WEP-720
NA
NA
NA

ZEN 109
ZEN 109
NA
NA
NA

TR-20

PTC 131
PTC 153
PTC 153
PTC 144
PTC 139

HEP-52
HEP-729
HEP-728
NA
HEP-722

SK 3118
SK 3122
SK 3122
SK 3024
SK 3122

ECG 106
RT-126
RT-102 ECG 123A
RT-102 ECG 123A
RT-114
ECG 128
RT-102 ECG 123A

WEP-52
WEP-729
WEP-728
WEP-243
WEP-723

ZEN 115
ZEN 114
NA
ZEN 110

HEP-721
HEP-51
HEP-720
HEP-727
HEP-727

SK 3122
SK 3114
SK 3039
SK 3122
SK 3122

RT-102
RT-115
RT-108
RT-102
RT-102

ECG 123A
ECG 159
ECG 107
ECG 123A
ECG 123A

WEP-728
WEP-51
WEP-720
WEP-723
WEP-723

NA
ZEN 101
ZEN 109
NA
NA

PTC 139
PTC 103
PTC 103

HEP-721
SK 3122
HEP-716
SK 3114
HEP-S0006 SK 3114
NA
NA
NA
NA

RT-102
RT-115
RT-115
RT-126
RT-103

ECG 123A
ECG 159
ECG 159
ECG 106
NA

WEP-728
WEP-716
WEP-717
WEP-52

NA
ZEN 107
NA
NA

TR-19
TR-20
TR-24
IRTR-87
IRTR-87

PTC
PTC
PTC
PTC
PTC

NA
NA
HEP-736
NA
HEP-50001

NA
NA
SK 3124
SK 3024
SK 3024

NA
RT-115
NA
RT-115
RT-102 ECG 123A
ECG 128
RT-114
ECG 128
RT-114

NA
NA
WEP-736

WEP-243
WEP-712

NA
NA
ZEN 120
NA
ZEN 125

IRTR-87
NA
TR-25
NA
NA

PTC 121
PTC 143
NA
NA
PTC 118

NA
HEP-75
NA
NA
HEP-707

SK 3024
NA
NA
NA
NA

RT-114
RT-114
RT-115
NA
NA

ECG 128
NA
NA
NA
NA

WEP-243
WEP-243
NA
NA
707

NA
NA
NA
NA
ZEN 204

NA
NA
IRTR-88
IRTR-88
NA

PTC
PTC
PTC
PTC
PTC

HEP-707
HEP-707
HEP-51
HEP-716
HEP-52

SK 3021
NA
NA
NA
NA

RT-128
NA
RT-115
RT-115
RT-103

ECG-124
NA
ECG 129
ECG 129
NA

707
707
WEP-51
WEP-716
WEP-52

ZEN 204
ZEN 204
ZEN 101
ZEN 107
NA

2N5233
2N5234

NA
NA
RS276-2009
NA
NA

NA
NA
T-736
NA
TS-0001

GE-21
GE-21
GE-62
NA
NA

2N5235
2N5236
2N5237
2N5238
2N5239

NA
RS276-2009
NA
NA
NA

NA
T-75
NA
NA

NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

2N5240
2N5241
2N5242
2N5243
2N5244

NA
NA
NA
RS276-2021
RS276-2023

T-707
T-707
T-707
T-51

T-716
T-52

NA
NA
GE-67
GE-67
NA

NA
NA
NA
ICCG707

ICG707
ICG707
ICG51

CC-716
CC-52

ZEN 115
ZEN 104
NA
ZEN 205
ZEN 205

IRTR-64
IRTR-64
NA

TR-19

ICG75

WEP-719
WEP-719
WEP-53
WEP-712
NA

RT-102
RT-102
RT-114
RT-154
RT-152

NA
NA
NA

ICGS0001

ECG 161
ECG 161
ECG-123
ECG 154
NA

3122
3122
3024
3529
3054

PTC 123

2N5231
2N5232

ZEN 104
NA
ZEN 205
ZEN 205
ZEN 105
ZEN 104

SK
SK
SK
SK
SK

TR-21
TR-20
IRTR-51
IRTR-52

NA
NA
736
NA

WEP-720
WEP-712
WEP-712
WEP-712
WEP-720
WEP-56

HEP-50
HEP-53
HEP-S3001
HEP-S3010
HEP-S5003

ICCG721

NA
NA

ECG 107
ECG 154
ECG 154
ECG 154
ECG 107
108

PTC 136
PTC 136
PTC 144
NA
PTC 137

GE-20
GE-67
GE-62
GE-22
GE-22

ICG716
ICGS0006

RT-108
RT-110
RT-110
RT-110
RT-108
RT-113

TR-21
TR-21

PTC
PTC
PTC
PTC
PTC

T-716

3124
3045
3045
3045
3039
3018

RT-113
RT-113
RT-100
RT-110
RT-110

NA
NA
NA
IRTR-51
IRTR-51

RS2762009

5521
5524
5507
5529

NA
NA
SK 3124
SK 3040
SK 3040

ICG721
ICG51
ICG720
ICG727
ICG727

RS276-2009

ECG
ECG
ECG
ECG

HEP-729
HEP-56
HEP-S3001
HEP-712
HEP-712

GE-20
GE-67
NA
GE-62
GE-10

NA

SK 3504
SK
SK
SK
SK
SK
SK

NA
NA
NA
NA

PTC 132
PTC 132
NA
PTC 117
PTC 117

ICG722

2N5211
2N5219

HEP-56
HEP-713
HEP-712
HEP-712
HEP-709
HEP-56

SK 3504
SK 3504
SK 3504

129

NA
ECG 132

NA
NA
NA
TR-79
TR-79

TR-24
IRTR-51
IRTR-87
IRTR-51

GE-62
NA
GE-62

SPR

123
127
133
139
121

PTCG127

103
103
139
121

144

118
118
141
141

103

ECG 123A
WEP-735
ECG 123A
WEP-735
ECG 128
WEP-243
NA
NA
ECG 184 WEP-WS5003

ZEN 100
ZEN 102
NA
ZEN 207
ZEN 210

WEP-WS5003 ZEN 210

NA
WEP-WS5003
WEP-WS5007 ZEN 211
WEP-WS5007 ZEN 211
NA
NA

NA

NA

NA

'Indicates a dual transistor for high -speed switching, diff amplifier etc. Likely to be a matched pair. Use two of the type specified, matching when necessary, on a
curve tracer or lab-type transistor checker.

(continued next month)

NA =NOT AVAILABLE

www.americanradiohistory.com

Step -by -step

TV Troubleshooters Guide
Servicing a receiver that has good luminance but no color
can be a real headache. With the correct approach, however,
servicing time and cost can be greatly reduced. Here's how to do it.
by STAN PRENTISS

WHAT'S YOUR REACTION WHEN A RE-

ceiver appears for repair with fair-togood black and white and no color?
Do you pull all tubes, or modules, or
transistors and replace them as fast
as you can? Or do you take a look
at the schematic (or block diagram)
and do a little analysis? What, for
instance, are the three basic color
problems?
1. Color isn't passing the bandpass
amplifiers.
2. There are faults with subcarrier
regeneration and demodulation.
3. Or the color output amplifiers
have singly or collectively quit.
If you're fortunate in having a single chroma plug-in board that can
easily be inserted, then by all means
replace it. But older receivers without
such conveniences are those that usually need service now, rather than
the yearlings. Therefore, let's develop
tactics:
Connect a color bar generator to
the rf terminals and, if you have a
good oscilliscope-vectorscope, look at
the output of the color amplifiers
where they drive either the grids or
cathodes of the picture tube. Should
the Fig. 1 pattern appear, there is

tal sync pulse. As the burst keys the

amplifier into conduction, its load

the usual sharks-tooth display can't

appear at the chroma outputs, and
you'll see only a fairly smooth 52.4 -s
horizontal scan line and a 11.1 -,us
blanking pulse. The problem, then, is
to find the culprit.

transformer can impedance -couple

Divide and conquer

In troubleshooting any color breakdown -where monochrome information is good -there is one sound
approach: divide and conquer. The
block diagram of Fig. 2 shows only
two inputs into any color subsystem,

1ST BANDPASS AMPL.

T1

T2

CHROMA &
BURST
TAKE OFF
COIL

8 or 9 cycles of 3.579545 MHz

information either into what's known
as a phase -lock -loop type of dc feedback circuit, that also usually contains
agc, or rings a simple crystal arrangement to drive an amplifier or sub carrier oscillator. Sinewaves, phase
shifted between 74 and 90 , are then
coupled into the demodulators as R -Y
and B -Y references. Along the way,
a tint control in either the chroma or

these

TINT

1
T3

LUMINANCE

-1

L___r___J
I

2ND BANDPASS
AMPL.

CHROMA IN

COLOR
CONTROL

R-Y

ACC
B -Y

BURST AMPL.

3.58 MHz
OSC.OR
AMPL.

T4

-Y
REF.

T5

(OR RBGI

G-Y

B -Y

REF.

'

KEYING

TINT

PULSE
OR

FIG.

1-

FIG.
VECTORSCOPE PATTERN taken at
the output of the color amplifiers shows absence of chroma signal.

obviously no color output. You can

then safely make the assumption that
the picture tube is probably good,
which means that it's a circuit problem and you have a job cut out for
you. If a vectorscope isn't handy, then

2-UNIVERSAL

APC

RINGING XTAL
BLOCK DIAGRAM for popular chroma circuits.

and they are burst and chroma into

the first bandpass amplifier and a flyback or horizontal sync pulse (Japanese sets) into the burst amplifier. So
burst and chroma are amplified by
the initial (or one and only) band pass amplifier, and chroma then proceeds to the demodulator in either
single or dual (illustrated) phase. The
burst signal goes to the burst amplifier
for amplification during horizontal
retrace, which is always the 5- to
8 -s period of the flyback or horizon-

subcarrier circuits is inserted to phase

shift the chroma signal, with its reactance manually adjusted from the
front panel. Finally, luminance and
chroma are either mixed before entering the picture tube in R -G -B receivers, or after entering the pix tube
in color- difference receivers. Demodulators, consisting of IC doubly-balanced synchronous switches or discrete
transistors or diodes, then pass selected portions of chroma synchronized with broadcast transmissions and
71

1/311 CFI

1ST VIDEO

41.25 MHz

CHROMA AMPL.
15011H

200 0.

1.510

l IICFII

TO

2ND VIDEO

CHROMA
AMPL.

6200

4.5 MIA
TRAP

45 MHz

2.IK
120V

110V

5.6K

41

22V
T

T0 SOUND

3V

TO AGC
KE VER

470K

COI OR PIE 1110F

10 MFD
25V

150K

I.F.

& SYNC AMPL

52017P

390

40K

CONTRAST

RED
'

GRIVE

150

12

DRIVE

T33

33

1
2K

40K
*GRN

740K

BLUE 2_
DRIVE -

22011

15V

22KV
IMIN 8E1E1

80K
Sw

TINT

560H
100V

-I

1N4446

OV

47K

1-

0501
BURST
AMPL

4101

47

8501

4705

470K

5K

-021/

141011

2 470K

HiIR

15V

N150

2B5V

RV

1V-

01

33
OK

MEG

0LU SCR
C513
68
N330

B Y

22K

DEMOD

RED SCR

lw

39

f:

; RN SCR

OIT

MFG

150V

Z
285V

130V

0V

I_

358AMPL.

210n

511

68

01

0022

210

82V

47001

BOOST

205V

140V
NOTE

01_

V8 3DIC6

R51)

10011

82011

410

9V

Qtt

4105V

MR!

I14.5V

3301

13051

140V

CAPACITORS LARGER THAN

OOUFT

FIG.

56t.11'

358

CHROMA AMPL
280V

700V

70

4LU6

V1

50

0500

100V

285V

1504

3- PARTIAL SCHEMATIC

FAO

OF G -E's N -2 color chassis.

paint a color picture on the picture tube screen. Buffer amplifiers often
drive the picture tube directly.
Now, like the three basic breakdowns, there are also three basic approaches to finding color problems:
1. Investigate the bandpass amplifiers.

Check arrival and amplification

of burst.
3. Be cerain there are burst keying
pulses.
The rest, believe it or not, is a
simple matter of follow through. That
means using a good color bar generator, setting the correct waveform
amplitudes at selected points (as far
as you can) following the video detector, and proceeding the rest of the
way with an oscilloscope. Analog or
digital meters, of course, cannot follow an ac signal.
2.

A case in point
The set was a General Electric N -2
chassis, Mod. WM257NWD -2 produced in 1971, with 13 tubes, 9 tran-

sistors, and agc -afc. The subcarrier

regenerator (Fig. 3) consists of a
burst amplifier (Q501), series 3.58 MHz crystal (X501), and 3.58 -MHz
amplifier (V8). This is supplied by a
single chroma amplifier (V7), the

usual double -tuned first bandpass

transformer, and a series color control that supplies color information
directly to the two sets of R -Y and
B -Y demodulators. G -Y, you'll ob-

serve, is developed across the common

cathode resistor of the R -G -B -Y am-

plifiers (R534). Luminance and

chroma are subsequently matrixed in
the pix -tube. This is a good example
of a color- difference receiver which
has separate luminance and chroma
subsystems.
The problem, of course, was no
color, as the initial vector pattern
(Fig. 1) amply illustrates. But there
were also remarkable phase shifts of
reds and blues (intensity markers on
either end) from their standard 90and 180- degree vector positions, indicating general chroma misalignment.
An ac check of the color bar signal
at the plate of the first video amplifier (Fig. 4, upper trace) and a dc
check at the grid of the chroma amplifier (Fig. 4, lower trace) through
the luminance- rejecting RLC tuned
circuit showed this portion of the
subsystem was not only responding,
but could easily accept the necessary
color bar amplitude setup. The base
of burst amplifier Q501, (Fig. 5, upper trace) showed a good pulse of
20V /div. at a negative dc level of
some 10V- entirely adequate, since
initial voltages were taken with a 20Kohms voltmeter, and this would have
both shunted and loaded the base input of this transistor amplifier.
But look at the plate of the V8
3.58 -MHz amplifier (Fig. 5, lower
trace). G.E. specifies this waveform to
have a p -p amplitude of 100V, and

FIG. 4-UPPER WAVEFORM shows the signal at the plate of the first video amplifier.
Lower trace shows the grid signal of the

chroma amplifier.

Y1

21

r/ditr

10 n /d i

Y2

l0usec/dit

5- NORMAL

WAVEFORM at the base

burst amplifier is shown in upper
trace. Lower trace shows abnormal signal
at plate of 3.58 -MHz amplifier.
FIG.
of the

here it is only 10V tall. So our problem evidently lies between the base of
Q501 and the plate of V8. One additional measurement between the collector of the burst amplifier and the

TROUBLESHOOTING CHART (chroma circuits)

LUMINANCE,
SOME CHROMA

ARE BURST AND

CHROMA
AMPLITUDES OK?

CHROMA
OK

BURST
OK

CHECK
BURST
NO

OK

FIND FAULT
IN BURST AMPL.
OR INCOMING
PULSE FROM

CONTINUE
TO 3.58 MHz
OSCI LLATOR

CHROMA AMPL.

CHECK
COLOR AMPS.

L YESH

OK
GO TO OUTPUT OF

DEMODULATORS
REPAIR

CHROMA
BREAKDOWN

LUMINANCE,
NO CHROMA

NO

YES

CHECK COLOR
OUTPUT AMPLIFIERS
FOR FAULTS
NO

BURST AND CHROMA

REACHING COLOR
CIRCUITS?

LOOK FOR
EITHER TUNER
OR VIDEO I.F.
PROBLEMS,
INCLUDING
MISALIGNMENT

YES

KEYING PULSES

FIND SINGLE
STAGE
PROBLEM
OK

FIND FAULT
IN COLOR AMPLS.

NO
1

FIRST TRY
SUBSTITUTE
TUNER, THEN
SWEEP I.F.'S

ACC OR APC

TRACE
CHROMA
AMPLS.
OK

FAULT

NOT OK TO
SUBCARRIER

LINE MAY BE
LOADING
BURST AMPL.

OSCI LLATOR

REPAIR BURST
PROCESSING
CIRCUIT PRIOR
TO OSCILLATOR

LOOK FOR
SYNC PULSE

TRACE
BURST

FIND BAD
STAGE, THEN
COMPONENT

OK TO

SUBCARRIER
OSCILLATOR

REPAIROSC.OR
DEMODULATOR

NOT OK

CHECK OSC.
OUTPUT AND
DEMODULATOR

ALIGN
OSCILLATOR

OK

BAD
CRT

FIG.

6- NORMAL

SIGNAL taken
collector of the burst amplifier is
upper trace. Lower trace shows
signal at the grid of the 3.58 -MHz

from the
shown in
abnormal

amplifier.

control grid of the 3.58 MHz amplifier shows 60V of hard burst (Fig. 6,
upper trace) directed at crystal X501,
and only 40 -mV of signal arriving at
the grid of V8. Now our question becomes: is V8 loaded by its T502 output transformer or are there problems
exclusively in its grid?

Circuit analysis
Here, without pulling out components like a wild man, let's simply
do a little circuit analysis to avoid
both costly mistakes and subsequent
headaches. In any ringing circuit,
remember that it is pulsed within 10-

FIG. 7 -LOWER trace returns to normal after

repairs are made.

Hz of phase sync during horizontal

retrace prior to the beginning of each
new scan line so that receiver demodulation may occur in precise
timing with modulation in the transmitter. So in this problem area, the

center tapped burst transformer

(L503), along with dividers C508,
C509, and ringing coil L504, help
shape the burst signal that must ring
the 3.58 -MHz Xtal (X501) for 8
cycles every 58 As. Resistors R517 and
R518 are damping and divider loads
and, with C511 and L506 constitute a
phase shift, peaking, and smoothing
input for subcarrier amplifier V8.
From the waveforms, it's obvious that
X501 is ringing, but there's a strange

OK

GO TO CHROMA

OUTPUT
CIRCUITS

NOT
OK

REPAI

interruption in the signal at the grid

of V8 (Fig. 6, lower trace) as burst
rises almost +20 mV before entering
the grid of the amplifier.
So do we have a grid or a load
problem? If C513 isn't shorted, it's
a grid fault, since the dc voltages
measure properly at the screen and
plate of V8, and the 2V do on its
cathode show that the tube has dc
conduction. Disconnecting one end of
C5I3 proves negative, so we immediately return to the grid and its RLC
network. An ohms measurement
across the R517 and R518 resistors
established adequate tolerance. And,
a voltmeter shunted across C511
shows no short when the hot lead is
put to the junction of the two resistors
and its negative lead to the top of the
coil (L506). So this brings us to
L506.
Inductor L506 carries more weight
in the grid circuit than meets the
casual eye. In addition to being part
of a phase-shift network, it is also the
dc grid return for V8 and has a reactance of 1260 ohms at 3.58 MHz.
Now, where a capacitor's reactance
to ac is low, and high to dc; an inductor is exactly the opposite, and has
high impedance to ac, but low imped(continued on page 85)
73

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SYLVANIA

RE's Service Clinic

The orphan

Part ll: Pick

YOU HAVE AN AMPLIFIER WITH THE OUTPUT

amplifier

transistors blown and no schematic. Last

month I described how to find out the information necessary to select a replacement transistor. Now lets do it.

replacement

Choosing a replacement transistor

Now that we have a few facts about
the original transistor, we need to

by JACK DARR
SERVICE EDITOR

locate a replacement. Let's assume

we have a stack circuit for simplicity.
The original transistors were npn, and
the dc voltage maximum is +25 volts.
In addition, they were in TO -1 cases,
in heat -sinks clamped to the metal
case.
So

This column is for your service

problems -TV, radio, audio or general
and industrial electronics. We answer
all questions individually by mail, free
of charge and the more interesting ones
will be printed here.
If you're really stuck, write us. We'll
do our best to help you. Don't forget to
enclose a stamped, self-addressed envelope. If return postage is not included, we cannot process your question.
Write: Service Editor, Radio-Electronics, 200 Park Ave. South, N.Y. 10003.

78

we go to our Replacement
Guide. Look for a transistor rated for
at least 50 -volts collector breakdown,
npn, and in a TO-1 case. This should
be silicon. RCA's SK -3124 ought to
do; rated 200 -mA collector current.
We mount two of these in the chassis. (Never replace one of a pair.
Can't tell what's going to happen.)
As a precaution, we connect a dc
milliammeter in series with the collector of the top transistor. Now, we
plug the line cord of the amplifier into
a variable -voltage transformer. Set the
transformer to zero volts and turn
the amplifier switch on. Now bring
the input voltage up gradually and
watch the current meter.
When you get up to about 50 or
60 -volts line, check the amplifier. It
should be working fairly well, and
showing a surprising amount of amplification. Check the collector current:
if this goes over 150 mA at about
half -line voltage, STOP! You've got
a bias problem, or something. You're
already drawing almost the full maximum current rating and your line voltage is still way too low. Check the
driver transistor, base-emitter voltage
of the new transistors, etc. Also check
for a short across the speaker. These
amplifiers will handle an open- circuit
across the output, but they dislike
shorts very much. The electrolytic
coupling capacitor to the speaker, or
the speaker leads themselves, may be
shorted.
One very good check for proper
operation of this circuit is the dc voltage at the midpoint, where the speaker connects. This should be almost
exactly one half of the applied dc.
In this case, with 30 volts open-circuit
dc output, it should drop to about 25

volts under load. So, you should read

about 12 volts at the emitters, if the
circuit is operating normally.
If the amplifier works, crank the
line voltage up to normal and check
the current. Let it run for a minute
or two, and check the temperature of
the cases of the output transistors.
This is with no signal applied. If they
get hot, or the current starts to creep
up, look out! Something is wrong, and
it's probably the bias. Check the
driver transistor. You may have to
replace it as well.
If they pass this part of the test,
put the output transistors back in
the heat -sinks, and feed a fairly loud
signal through it. Your collector current will (normally) go up quite a
hit, since these transistors are in Class
B operation. Watch this to be sure that
it doesn't go over about 50% of the
replacement transistor's maximum collector current rating. Play it for about
1
or 2 minutes and check for overheating of the output transistors, and
for creeping collector current. By the
way, a pure sinewave audio signal at
about
kHz is a good test, since this
is hard on the amplifier. You dissipate
more power with this input than with
a constantly changing music signal.
If they'll keep their cool with this, the
chances are they will be all right. R -E
1

reader
questions
ODD COLORS, DIM PICTURE

A whole lot of things happened on

this RCA CTC -22B chassis. The colors were very odd; a color-bar pattern
showed 6 green bars followed by 3
red bars. The video was also very dim.
Scoping the video output showed a
very severe white compression.
The color problem was fixed by discovering that L703, the 620 ,u1-1 choke
in the output of the B-Y demodulator,
was open (Scoping the blue grid and
finding no waveform led me here).
Replacing this fixed the color.
Video, however, was still very dim.
You lost the whole picture if you
turned the color control off. Scoping
the video output again showed only
about 1/4 of the normal p -p signal,

compressed. Checking the video plate

voltage showed it very low, about +50
volts instead of the normal +180.
Peaking choke L710 was open, and
the 1/4-watt 5600 -ohm shunt resistor
was up to 30K. Replaced these, and
the job was done! J.D., Mena, Ark.
BIAS RESISTORS REVERSED

I've got sound problems in this

Muntz AS-5002 TV. With volume
control wide open I can barely
hear the sound and it's gargling.
When I checked the schematic, I
found that R65 and R66 had been
reversed. I put them back, and got
less sound than I had before! I'm
lost. -G.R., Greensboro, NC.
You've been boobytrapped! These
FROM
SOU N D-.
DET

1/26ALIl

.01

AUDIO OUTPUT

-)

-2.5
1

MEG

VOLUME

1/212H
FROM

E7

01

FLYBACK

21V

HORIZ
OSC

TO

120E2

R65

560K
R66

22

68K

two resistors were accidentally reversed on the schematic. The horizontal output tube's negative grid voltage
( -21 volts) is used across a voltage divider, to provide bias for the audio
output tube as shown. The audio tube
grid should be only -2.5 volts. With
the 560K resistor in the "ground leg"
of the divider, you'll wind up with
about a -12 volts or more on the
audio tube, and it will clip. Put the
two resistors back as shown and it'll
work a lot better. If it still distorts,
check the coupling capacitor for leakage.
INTERMITTANT HORIZONTAL
OSCILLATOR?
A Broadmoor model 6912 has
an odd intermittent. If I touch the
plate cap of the horizontal output
tube with a pencil, the set comes
on. I note that when it does not
come on, I have no boost voltage.
Once in a great while, it falls out
of horizontal sync. Here again, by
touching a meter anywhere in the
horizontal circuit, the set comes
on. I'd appreciate any help. -G.B.,
New Britain, CT.

This has all of the symptoms of an

intermittent horizontal oscillator. The
"touch anything and it starts" reaction
is typical. Check the two capacitors

200pF

v26LN8

TO

-- HORIZ

HORIZ OSC

OUTPUT

FROM
AFC
DISCRIM

68K

33K

4.7 MEG

,r,470pF
+130V

+130V
BAD SOLDER JOINT
CAUSED PROBLEM

470pF
.0027

/0056

HORIZ+
OSC

COIL

14011

1.8K

THE TWO
CAPACITORS
IN QUESTION

across the horizontal oscillator coil.

Best cure is usually a replacement of
both at once, with exact duplicates.
(Letter from reader says, "That was
it, bad solder joint. ")
REPLACEMENT TRANSISTOR

An output transistor is shorted in

this Capitol SA -707T record player.

No data; transistor has "274, CV61"
on it. What will replace it ? -D.F.,
Pomfret, CT.
Service data on this is in Sams
973 -4. However, this transistor has
only S -1570, no substitute given. From
the voltages, etc., I'd try an RCA SK3020. It's an npn, in a TO -5 case, with
collector connected to case. (Don't
R -E
forget the heat -sink insulator!)

Ip clip
MODEL 3916

The "Dip -Clip"

is specially designed
to allow the attachment of
test probes to 14 or 16 lead
DIPs. The unique patented
design greatly reduces the
possibility of accidental

shorting while testing

live circuits. Numerous
test probes may be
quickly connected
for hands -free testing.

FE

POMONA ELECTRONICS
A

1500 E. Ninth St., Pomona, Calif. 91766

Telephone: (714) 623 -3463

Division of ITT

Circle 27 on reader service card

79

CB RULES
(continued from page 42)
23 channels will be reserved for intrastation use and 47 new channels will be
available. Owners and buyers of 5- to 12-

channel AM transceivers employing plug in crystals (two per channel) will be

able to equip their sets with crystals
for operation on the new AM channels
(24 -30).
Those who own or plan to buy synthesized 23-channel transceivers will be
able to operate on Channels 1 -23. And
by means of an external adaptor, they
will be able to also operate on Channels 24 -30. Such adaptors are already
being designed. Their use, however, will

require FCC type acceptance of adaptors

for use with specific types of transceivers.
When the proposed rules are adopted
and the 40 intra- station, SSB -only channels (60 -99) are allocated for CB use,
many new transceivers will be introduced. But, they will undoubtedly be
higher priced than existing models because more sophisticated designs will be
required and tighter technical standards
will have to be met.

the suppressed carrier USB mode on all

of the 70 channels and in the AM -compatible USB mode on the 30 AM /SSB
channels. But, who needs 70- or 100channel capability? Some will want it
but few actually need it. Most of the
intra- station channel users would probably settle for 2 to 6 channel units. Many
hobbyists will want the "works ".
Look forward to use of state-of -theart technology, especially the PLL

New generation equipment

What will the new generation CB
transceivers be like? It all depends on
the ingenuity of the designers and what
the buyers want. Of course, someone will
bring out a 70-channel rig, expandable
to 100 channels. It could be operable in

multi -channel frequency generation using

a minimum of crystals and other components. Linear Systems (SBE) is already using it.
One only has to note the great technical progress that has been made since
the Heath Company introduced its popular "lunch box" CB transceiver kit
some 17 years ago. The sophistication
of currently available CB transceivers
considering the modest price tags -is
amazing. But, you ain't seen nothing yet.
The existing 23- channel AM /SSB
transceivers are necessarily complex since
69 modes are required -23 AM, 23
LSB, and 23 USB. The means used for
obtaining this flexibility are clever indeed. But USB -only transceivers need
not be as complex.
A simplified block diagram of a hypothetical USB -only transceiver is shown
in Fig. 3. The objective is to accept a
USB signal at point X, to provide a 12watt PEP (max) USB signal at point Y,
and to recover the intercepted audio at
point Z.
Assuming that a Channel 99 USB signal extending from 27.5054 -MHz to
27.5075 -MHz is present at point X, the
local oscillator will have to feed an
18.505 -MHz signal to the mixer to translate the intercepted USB signal so it will
occupy the 2.1 -MHz wide i.f. band extending from 9000.4 to 9002.5 kHz. To
be able to demodulate the suppressed
carrier USB signal, a 9 -MHz signal is
fed to the product detector. When the
carrier frequency which was suppressed
at the distant transmitter is exactly
27.505 MHz, the of signals at point Z
will extend from 400 to 2500 -kHz. Since
some frequency error at the distant
transmitter and at the receiver local
oscillator can be expected, the frequency
of the 9 -MHz master oscillator is varied
by adjusting the clarifier control to make
the recovered audio sound natural.
When transmitting on Channel 99, the
9 -MHz master oscillator signal and the
audio modulating signal are fed to the
balanced modulator. If the modulating
signal extends from 400 to 2500 Hz, the
output signal of the balanced modulator
will consist of a lower sideband extending from 8997.5 to 8999.6 kHz and an
upper sideband extending from 9000.4 to
9002.5 kHz, but the 9 -MHz carrier will
be suppressed by the balanced modulator. The two sidebands are fed through
a filter which passes only the upper side band, which is fed to the up-converter.
When an 18.505 -MHz signal from the
local oscillator is also fed to the upconverter, a USB signal extending from
27.5054 to 27.5075 MHz is fed through
rf amplifiers to the antenna.

CROWN introduces
the VFX -2
an

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Commercial sound contractors

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for an electronic crossover for use
on sophisticated sound installations. There's no more waiting. And
the Crown VFX -2 embodies all you
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Only the Crown VFX -2 electronic
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never before has an electronic
crossover been offered that can be
easily and readily adjusted with

front panel controls.

Tunable from 20 to 20,000 Hz,
this solid state component is compatible with 600 ohms loads and up,
and features both balanced and unbalanced inputs and outputs.
Overall noise and distortion are
extremely low. IM distortion is less
than 0.01% at rated output, and

noise is more than 97dB below

rated output with open inputs.

Providing either crossover or

bandpass functions, the VFX -2 utilizes two continuously variable filters per channel, and filter roll -off
is at a fixed 18 dB /octave.
Applications include stereo biamping, mono tri- amping, and combining the bandpass filter with the
normal two -way crossover on a
mono signal. And all connections
are quarter -inch phone jacks for
positive electrical contact.
The VFX -2 is designed for standard 19" rack mounting and measures in at 31/2" high by 53/4" deep
and includes a clear plastic cover

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You asked for it and Crown has
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1000 ELKHART, IN. 46514 219 / 294-5571

80

Circle 28 on reader service card

(phase -locked loop) which enables

The local oscillator, which determines

both the transmitting and receiving frequencies, may be crystal controlled for
operation at one or any number of channels, or it may consist of a phase-lockedloop (PLL) which will enable operation
on any or all of the proposed 70 (immediate) or 100 (eventual) channels. To
enable transmission and reception on all
100 channels, the PLL circuit would have
to be able to generate frequencies within
the 17.960- 18.505 range.
Since the proposed frequency tolerance
would be 0.002 per cent, the range of
the clarifier control would have to be
no more than 540 -kHz minus the frequency errors of the local and master
oscillators. It is not known at this time
if the FCC will type accept transceivers
when the clarifier control adjusts both
the transmit and receive frequencies.
Obviously, it is not expected that all
future transceivers will employ a 9 -MHz
master oscillator /beat frequency oscillator (BFO). The block diagram is
shown only as an example of how it
could be done. Anticipate surprises-CB
engineers are clever.
The dotted line between the master
oscillator and the transmitter filter,
shown in Fig. 3, symbolizes bypassing of
the balanced modulator for transmission
of compatible SSB AM on Channels 9
and 11, as required by the proposed new
rules.

Effect on service technicians

CB service technicians will have to
expand their knowledge and master new
servicing techniques in order to service
SSB -only CB transceivers. Since the carrier is suppressed, measurement of transmit frequencies requires unbalancing or
bypassing the balanced modulator to allow some carrier to get through. This
could be the hard way. An easier way
is to modulate the transmitter with a
1000 -Hz tone and measure the resulting

sideband frequency and then subtract 1kHz to determine the frequency of the
suppressed carrier.
When the time comes that only upper
SSB transmission will be permitted, it
would be less confusing if the FCC
would designate CB channel frequencies
on the basis of center of sideband frequencies. For example, 26.965 -MHz
could be designated 26.9664-MHz, 1.4kHz above 26.965 -MHz. When modulated by voice containing frequencies
within the 400 -2800-Hz range, the center
of the sideband would be 1.4 -kHz above
the suppressed carrier frequency, as
shown in Fig. 2 by lines C and G. By
modulating the transmitter with a 1400 Hz tone, the transmit center-frequency
can be measured directly with a frequency meter or frequency counter.
To adjust the alc (automatic level
control) so that output PEP will not exceed 12 -watts and so that serious distortion will not occur, a wideband scope
(up to 30-MHz response) and a two-tone
(400 -Hz and 1800 -Hz) audio generator
(or two audio generators) will be required. Output PEP can be calculated if
the scope is accurately calibrated. Better
is to also use a peak reading rf watt-

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SCANMATE 150 scans 4

channels in a 10 MHz band

spread within the VHF /hi/

FM band. The 4 internal AA
Nicad batteries can be

charged with optional

charger. External or rubber

antenna jacks provided.

Lockout controls are provided for each channel.

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Division of PATHCOM INC., 24049 South Frampton Avenue, Harbor City, California 90710
Export: 2200 Shames Drive, Westbury, New York 11590. Available in Canada.

Circle 29 on reader service card

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it works, troubleshooting tables, connections and other important information.
The cost is $3.00, postpaid, plus tax
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Use the coupon below to order your
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Circle 30 on reader service card

81

AM equipment. Service charges will undoubtedly be higher because more time

and costly equipment will be required.
Wet finger voltmeter testing techniques
won't work. And, because of the larger
numbers of transceivers that will be in
use, more qualified technicians will be
required to service them.

meter (such as Bird 4311) which indicates PEP on a meter. Or, a conventional
rf wattmeter can be used by multiplying its meter indication by 2.5. In either
case, the scope is required for observing
output waveform when two -tone modulation is applied.
Receiver trouble shooting and alignment will require the use of a high precision rf signal source which can be
set accurately to 1.4 -kHz above the suppressed carrier frequency so that a signal will be present at the center of the
receiver passband. And, for i.f. alignment, the test signal must also be offset
from the i.f. by 1.4 kHz.
Servicing SSB equipment takes longer
and requires more skill than servicing

Spectrum juggling
To expand the 27 -MHz Citizens band,
the channel space will have to be taken
away from somebody. Proposed channels
24, 25 26 and 27 (27.235, 27.245, 27.265
and 27.275 MHz) are catch -all channels
currently allocated to the public safety/
industrial /and transportation radio services on a shared basis. Channels 28, 29,

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Circle 61 on reader service card

www.americanradiohistory.com

30 and 60 through 66 will also occupy

space now allocated to other services.

Present occupants of these frequencies

would have to vacate them after a date
yet to be determined. All of the spectrum
from 26.96 MHz to 27.51 MHz, with
the exception of the five Class C (remote
control) channels interspersed between
Class D CB channels, would be allocated
to the Class D Citizens Radio Service.
The FCC is considering lowering the
CB license eligibility age limit from 18
to 16 and has proposed reducing the
station license application fee from
$20.00 to $6.00. (The lowered fee may
or may not be in effect by the time this
appears in print.) Earlier, the FCC had
proposed hiking the license fee to $25
for the first five units, but the U.S.
Supreme Court put a stop to it. Under
current rules, a CB station license may
cover any number of units and is good
for five years unless revoked earlier.
Since 1964, it has been unlawful to
use CB radio as a hobby. But, this rule
could not be effectively enforced. Most
CB'ers are hobbyists. Proposed new CB
rules would relax the hobby -use ban by
permitting communications related to a
licensee's "activity" unless such activity
is otherwise unlawful. The new rules,
however, would preclude the activity being CB radio itself. In other words, a
CB'er would be able to talk about almost
anything except about the technical
aspects of CB radio.
Many CB'ers use "handles" and do
not use their call signs as required by
current rules which call for transmission
of the call signs of both the called and
calling stations at the beginning and conclusion of every exchange of communications. The proposed new rules would
require call sign identification only by
the calling station. Also, the proposed
new rules would reduce the waiting time
between an exchange of inter -station
communication from five minutes to one
minute.
Among other rule changes, the FCC
is reported to be considering is point -ofsale licensing. At present, the new buyer
of CB radio equipment is expected to
apply and wait for issuance of a CB
station license before going on the air.
Many do not wait for the license to be
issued and some do not even apply for
one. As a result, millions of CB transceivers have and are being operated
illegally without a license. Such illegal
use would be curbed by requiring equipment buyers to show or buy a license at
the time the purchase is made. Also
being considered is an open -book exam
on the rules. Implementation may be
difficult and costly, but no more so than
examining and issuing licenses to auto
drivers.
Since 1958 when the Class D citizens
band was established, the Citizens Radio
Service has become the largest of all
radio services regulated by the FCC in
terms of numbers of licensees and authorized transmitters. And when the Class
D band is expanded to 70 channels,
countless millions can be expected to
join existing CB'ers in utilizing tool -free
R -E
two-way radio communication.

CB ROUNDUP

(continued from page 42)

have some form of fine tuning to permit proper reception of SSB signals;
for with SSB the received signal can
easily turn into Donald Duck chatter
if the receiver isn't precisely tuned to
the received signal. The old way to
upgrade fine tuning was to call it a
"clarifier ". But in some new models

it's now termed

"voice lock ",

"Receiv -o- slide ", "voice tune ", or some

similar euphemism for ordinary fine
tuning. Whatever it's called, it's not a
new state -of- the -art development, it's
the same fine tuning that's been in use
for years. (Hams, SWL's and Old
Timers called it bandspread.)
If there is one outsanding development in this year's CB designs it is
probably in miniaturization. There has
been little selection in miniature transceivers that could actually be tucked
away in the glove compartment, or so
small that mounted under the dash it
wouldn't interfere with a middleseat
passenger. Today, there's a wide selection of miniature equipment such as
Radio Shack's TRC -11, which measures a miniscule 1.5 "H x 4.1 "W x
6.8 "D. Pace, Lafayette and Midland
are three more, among others, who
feature subminiature mobile transceivers. The sub -mini's are available in
full -23 coverage, or from one to
(usually) 6 user -selected channels. As
a general rule the performance is
quite good, often equal to a "basic"
transceiver. If there are any complaints
they would probably be about a sharp,
high pitched speaker output, caused
by the necessity for a relatively small
speaker for the sub -mini sized cabinet.
One really unusual design which is
certain to be a hot attraction for
others to copy is the new Johnson
Messenger 130 and Lafayette's comPHONE
23 CB transceiver styled
similar to a mobile telephone right
down to the handset. The operator
can send and receive through the
handset, or he can switch to speaker
monitoring. When the handset is in
the cradle the speaker is automatically
connected so the operator can hear
calls.
While these models don't deliver any

better performance than "basic black"

transceivers using similar circuit designs, they sure look a lot sexier.
Sky hooks

Unfortunately, the best transmitting

equipment won't work well without a
decent antenna, and when it comes
to antennas, the designers have been
on overtime. To all the standard goodies from Hy -Gain, Shakespeare,
Avanti, Antenna Specialists, New-

Tromics, Mosley, Cushcraft and the

other ski -hook producers, we now
have some hardware that inexpensively
turns the pipsqueeks from a 5 -watt
transceiver into a rock -crushing signal.
For example, Avanti and Shakespeare
have co- phased electrical half -wavelength mobile whip beams that will fit
the rear bumper of the standard car.
Mosley and Cushcraft have 5-element
base station beams that make the 5
watt transmitter almost the equal of a
50 watter. And to keep the antenna
system as free from trouble as is possible, Antenna Specialists has a non conode mobile out as the Super Can

III. And for those who like their

whips on the car roof f..r best omnidirectional coverage, there is the
Hustler system with four different
mounting and shock -spring arrangements.
Even the truckers and campers
come in for some special antenna
hardware. Several antennas are available with mounting hardware to fit
directly on a "West Coast" side view
mirror. And if you've got a mirror on
both sides there's a special co-phasing
ha, ness so two antennas can be fed
as a beam.
Of course, the new FCC rules in-

When the picture looks good,

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When a color TV picture fades, or when the black- and -white is erased by
cathode -to -filament short, you can save the day, and the tube, by installing
Perma Power Britener.

Boost models bring out lost sharpness

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emission. Full contrast and color quality return immediately.
Isolation models restore the black and -white information that gives a
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fade later? Handle
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both jobs with a Color Brite Combina-

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There are Perma Power Colcr Brite
models for both round tubes and rectangular tubes. In fact, Perma Power
has a Britener for just about every picture tube ever made! You'll look very
good to your customer when you prolong the life of the expensive picture
tube. Pick up a supply of Color Brites
from your Perma Power distributor!

PErma IPoWEr

Chamberlain Manulacturing Corporation

Perme Pawer Division
Larch Avenue, Elmhursl. Illinois 5,0126
Telephone (312) 279 -360e

Circle 62 on reader service card

83
www.americanradiohistory.com

You'll never

A Classroom

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STUDY

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Circle 63 on reader service card

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Circle 64 on reader service card

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Circle 65 on reader service card

',lastry

creasing the permitted height of a CB

antenna means more range if you can
get the sky hook up there. The new
Ascom aluminum towers are so easy
to handle one man can erect a fifty
footer by himself, so even if you can't
find enough help for an antenna raising party there's no good reason
you can't get your antenna up to the
new limit.
Walkie- talkies
Little is new in the walkie- talkie
field; there is simply more of what

already existed. Seemingly endless

brands of 100 mW models, and many
3, 4 and 5 -watt models featuring either
full 23 channel coverage or up to 6or 8 -user selected channels. Almost
without exception, the high power
models are the equal of high performance mobile transceivers, with high
selectivity, excellent sensitivity and
many conveniences such as S /rf/battery meters, remote speaker jacks, PA
operation and even, perhaps, Delta
tuning such as on Fanon's T -1000. If
anything can be considered new it's
that there are more military styled
high -power models with separate
transmitter (microphone) and receiver (speaker); you hold these two
elements to the ear just as you would
a telephone.
Oddball entries
One really good idea just didn't
seem to take off; that of the channel
9 (only) transceiver for people who
have no primary need for CB but
might like the security offered by an
emergency radio link. Small and inexpensive, on first view they seemed
the answer to security while on the
road, but even American Motors,
which now provides dealer -installed
CB installations, has opted for a multichannel Johnson transceiver. Perhaps
the channel -9 transceiver will catch
on only when it is a factory installed
option available for all cars.
One really terrific idea, requested
by many active CB'ers, has finally seen
the light of day. The Midland 13 -883
has an auxiliary volume control
mounted on the microphone, so a
mobile operator doesn't have to reach
out to adjust the received signal volume. He can adjust the sound level
from either the microphone or the
transceiver.
It seems like 1975 is shaping up as
the "Year of the operating convenience features." Most likely there will
be no new or startling technological
advancements until the manufacturers
start using LSI integration techniques
that will produce a high -performance
23- channel 5 -watt transceiver small
R -E
enough to fit in a shirt pocket.

The Ultimate in Ignition Systems!

CLOCKS

(continued from page 46)

the FAST -SLOW adjustment on the back
panel.
IC2 is a 14 -stage CMOS binary divider
integrated circuit. Thirteen of the stages
are used in this circuit to divide the oscillator frequency by 213 (or 8,192).
The output of IC2 is 60 -Hz.
The additional two gates in ICI are
used as an astable multivibrator operating at about 8 -kHz. When the stow SET
pushbutton is activated, the 8 -kHz oscillator replaces the 491.520 -kHz oscillator as the input to the divider. The
stow SET pushbutton, S3, also sets the
MM5314N to its fast -set mode. By
using the fast -set mode with the lower
frequency input, the slow-set mode is
simulated. Why go to so much trouble
when the MM5314N already has a slow set function built into the chip? Good
question! Answer: 1) most of the parts
are already available, and 2) this allows
us to set the hours and minutes without
effecting the seconds. In actual operation,
this feature makes it easier to set the
time accurately or to easily synchronize
the time against a standard source. S4
is the FAST SET pushbutton.
S1 is mounted on the back panel of
the wall clock, and is used as a convenient way of switching the display
time- format from the 12 -hour to the 24hour mode. S2 serves as the HOLD -RUN
switch.
Transistor Q14 is used for interdigit
blanking. Without it, some segments
would glow slightly when they are supposed to be off, because of the inductance
of the conductors in the large display
panel, as well as the length of the interconnecting cables.
The wall clock operates on 12 -volts
ac or dc. Since the time base is generated
internally by the quartz- crystal oscillator, the ac -line frequency is not needed,
and the clock will run on 12 -volts dc.
For ac -line operation, the UL- approved
plug -in stepdown transformer shown in
Fig. 19 is also used with the wall clock.
When operating from 12 -volts dc, polarity
is not important. Either lead may be
connected to either lug on the terminal
strip, TS1. This is possible because of the
bridge rectifier, D1 to D4, used in the
circuit.
A standard 9 -volt transistor radio battery, B1, protects the wall clock against
power -line failure. 131 powers the three
IC's in the clock circuit during a power
failure, and time information is never
lost. Under normal operating conditions,
B1 is on "standby" and is not delivering
power to the circuit. The instant the
power fails, diode D8 switches BI into
the circuit until ac power is restored.
Since the display consumes most of the
power, it is off while the power is off
but will display the correct time when
power is restored to the circuit. Battery
B I should be replaced after a total of
about 100 -hours of power failures, or
once each year, whichever comes first.
The article will conclude next month
when construction details, foil patterns
and inside views of the clocks will be
presented.
(continued next month)

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Circle 66 on reader service card

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NAME
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CITY

Circle 68 on reader service card

www.americanradiohistory.com

STATE

ZIP

85

new products
More information on new products is available from the
manufacturers of items identified by a Reader Service number. Use the Reader Service Card inside the back cover.
MASTER SUBBER MARK V is a signal substitution type analyzer that furnishes substitution signals for testing all the signal
stages of any color or black and white TV
receiver. Substitution signals allow tests of
the following stages: vhf tuner, uhf tuner,
each video i.f. amplifier, video detectors,
video amplifiers, 4.5 -MHz sound i.f. amplifier, sound limiter, sound detector and
audio amplifier. Provides tests for uhf tuner,
antenna system and agc system.

220 MHz and costs $33.95. -Gold Line Connector, Inc., 25 Van Zant Street, East Norwalk, CT 06855.

Circle 32 on reader service card

TRANSCEIVER, model BTL -301. .35- microvolt receiver has selectivity of 6 dB @
7.5 -kHz, 70 dB @ 15-kHz and delivers
an audio output of 5 watts. Power output is
rated at 30 watts from a 13.8 -volt dc power
source. i.f. system is double conversion 10.7
MHz -455 kHz. Noise -operated squelch system is adjustable by a front panel control.

Dc voltage ranges are 0 -250 mV, 0 to 1,

2.5, 10, 50, 250 and 1000 volts with 10
megohms input impedance. Dc current
ranges are 0 to 25 AA; 0 to 2.5, 25 and 250
mA. Ac voltage ranges are 0 -2.5, 10, 50,
250 and 1000 volts; 5000 ohms/volt. Five
resistance ranges from 0 to 500 megohms
are offered. Self- powered by a 9 -volt radio
battery and two 1.5 -volt size "C" cell; 7
inches high; 21/4 lbs.; $59.95. -Mura Corp.,
50 South Service Road, Jericho, NY 11753.

Circle 34 on reader service card

RADIO, model FM 545. Hand -held
radio features plug -in modular
construction. Dual phase -lock loop circuitry
keeps the receiver on frequency even if the
2 -WAY

uhf

2 -way

Transmitter section is protected by VSWR

bridge limiting circuitry. High- impedance

r+

Use on the bench or in the home. Equipped

with wall plug -in transformer for 12 -Vac
line, instrument automatically changes over
to internal battery power when transformer
is disconnected. Inbuilt monopole antenna
allows use without connection of outside
antenna in prime signal areas; has inbuilt
monitor loudspeaker with separate level
control. 6.5 x 6.5 x 3.25 inches, exclusive of
knobs, handle and antenna; 2.5 lbs.; comes
complete with all necessary cables and instruction manual. $169.95.-Castle TV Tuner
Service, Inc., 5710 North Western Avenue,
Chicago, IL 60645.
Circle 31 on reader service card

plug -in ceramic mike is included with each

unit as is a dash -mounting bracket.
Solid -state American -made unit is type
accepted by the FCC under parts 21, 89, 91
and 93 of operation over the low -band frequency range. 2% x 61/2 x 91/2 in.; 61/2 lbs.;
$329.00- Regency Electronics, 7900 Pendleton Pike, Indianapolis, IN 46226.
Circle 33 on reader service card
MULTITESTER, FET -300. Portable test instrument is a differential amplifier that uses
field effect transistors and is designed for
use at the workbench and to meet the field
needs of the serviceman or engineer. Provides uniswitch design, front -panel calibration facility and a zero center scale for FM
tuner alignment. Mirror arc design helps
eliminate parallax error from readings.

POWER METERS, GLC 1087 & GLC 1088.

Just insert Matcher-Reflected Power Meter
between the transmitter and antenna lead -in
and adjust the tuning knobs to the lowest
meter reading for a perfect match with low
power loss. Both matchers eliminate the

transmitter being received should drift off

frequency. Unit is available with these options and accessories that include: 2- or 4watt transmitter output, Call Guard tone
squelch, one to six channel operation, external microphone, speaker and antenna
provision, leather carrying case and leather
holster and several battery chargers. 6.8 x
2.6 x 1.5 in., less antenna; 21 oz. -E. F. Johnson Co., Dept. 72-19, 299 Tenth Avenue, SW,
Waseca, MN 56093.
Circle 42 on reader service card

model HVM3900. Add -on

provides continuous monitoring of the
picture-tube anode voltage of the chassis
under test without additional connections.
Meter enables you to adjust the high voltage to manufacturer's specifications, avoid-

ADD -A- METER,

need for an SWR bridge. GLC 1087 is a 500 watt, 13 -78 -MHz unit and costs $28.95; GLC
1088 has a rating of 1000 watts and 144-

86
www.americanradiohistory.com

ing over -voltage and possible X- radiation;

also permits observation of abnormal functioning in the high -voltage regulation circuit.
Consists of 31/2 in. high precision meter
with self -shielded movement and jewel pivot
bearings. Full scale reading is 35 kV with

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Controls

accuracy of 2 %. Multiplier assembly is a

calibrated high -voltage resistor. Self -contained; completely assembled with hardware for mounting at any location up to
36 inches from the test rig. -TeleMatic, 2862
Fulton Street, Brooklyn, NY 11207.
Circle 35 on reader service card
PRINTED CIRCUIT

KIT,

Cat.

No.

it!

WE ARE THIS SURE: you sign no

contracts -you order your lessons on a
money -back guarantee.
In plain language, if you aren't satisfied you don't pay, and there are no
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Write today for more information and
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You have nothing to lose, and every-

22 -297

etch redevelopstripping
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contains drafting aids, tray set,

sist sensitizer, etch resist lacquer,
ing solution, etching solution,
solution, layout film (two sheets
81/2 x 11

inches), contact

Full line of professional burglar

and fire alarm systems and supplies. 96 pages, 450 items. Off-the- shelf delivery.

1,0

thing to gain!

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4215 n. 16th st.
phoenix, az. 85016
(602) 263 -8831

The INDIANA
HOME STUDY INSTITUTE
DEPT. RE -175, P.O. BOX 1189
PANAMA CITY, FLA. 32401

Circle

Circle 70 on reader service card

copper clad boards (3 x 5 x X6 inches; 4 x 6 x

%b inches). Kit is for students with back -toschool projects as well as for the serious
hobbyist or technician. -GC Electronics,
400 South Wyman Street, Rockford, IL
61101.

Circle 36 on reader service card

71 on

reader service card

20 MHz "MINI -SCOPE"

..........ON

THE GO!

RECORD CARE KIT contains six record covers, one cleaning cloth, a record brush and
a 5 -oz. can of P /MI 29 record spray. Kit is
packaged in such a way that each of the
products is visible. It can be stacked on
shelves or racked. Handy handle makes

Weighs only 51/2 lbs.

Battery or AC powered
Rack mountable
10 mV/div sensitivity
20 MHz bandwidth
Thousands already in use
100 nsec /div sweep rate
If you need a lab quality portable scope, but don't feel like lugging the weight
around -or lack the space, then consider Model PS910B. This battery operable.
high performance "visual trouble- shooting tool" is a natural for servicing
today's technology, at the plant or in the field. It is designed to operate from
internally mounted standard "C" size battery cells, and it triggers like a lab
scope. Whether you are servicing analog circuitry or digital logic, the PS916B
is the "mini-scope" for youl
DC

AVAILABLE NOW FOR ONLY

$645

FITS IN A BRIEFCASE
INTERESTED? Call Hal Wardein at (714) 279 -6572,
or write to us at 7170 Convoy Court, San Diego,
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dial TOLL -FREE 800- 645 -9200; in N.Y. State call
collect (516) 294 -0990.

From a Leader in Mini -Portable Oscilloscopes

carrying easy. Complete instruction for its

use are shown on the back panel along with
tips on how to prevent record damage. $5.00.
-Pageant /M.A. Miller Industries, 605 Northern Blvd., Chinchilla, PA 18410.

-D ATA

CORPORATION 1

Circle 37 on reader service card

Circle

72 on

reader service card

87
www.americanradiohistory.com

PRICE
FREEZE

FRE

in spite of rising production costs, labor,

materials, freight, etc. Electronic Chemical still maintains the same high quality
and low price as in our very first year.
Volume Control and Contact Restorer

CATALOG of over
1500 unusual tools

HI -FI AMPLIFIER, M -600. Monaural, single -

channel amplifier designed to meet the demands of high power amplification applications. Amplifies signals from dc to 20 kHz
and provides 70 -volt unbalanced line output
at 600 watts of continuous power into 8 ohms
and 1000 watts into 4 ohms indefinitely. Builtin cooling permits continuous full power
operation.

For special attention to volume controls, push button

assemblies, band switches,
relays and other electrical

contacts.

Tuner Tonic
Cleans and lubricates
tuners (incl. wafer
o
&Moist" type) -- economical,
'
little does a lot.
No -Noise products
guaranteed non -flammable, no carbon tel,
non -toxic -safe for

^`'a

plastics.

grease,

idation. Used for magnetic heads, computers,

relays and switches, Tel

& Tel equipment, switchboards and switching
devices, record changers,
timers, automotive and

shopping for the technician, craftsman,

hobbyist, lab specialist, production
supervisor. Many tools and measuring
instruments available nowhere else.
One of the most unusual and complete
tool catalogs anywhere. Get your copy
of the NC FLASHER today.

/\

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Super Spray Beth

Dissolve and flush away
dirt, oil and ox-

A carefully selected and tested

assortment of unique, hard -to -find
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Often imitated
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Other "No- Noise" Products:

National Camera
Ave.,
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ELECTRONIC CHEMICAL CORP.

RtOBta

813 Communipaw Avenue

.(c_44: Super

Lube Frlgld AIr

Tape -Roto Head Cleaner 4 .

West Union
Dept. GBC
Englewood, Colorado 80110
(303) 789 -1893

EIGHT
Circle

73 on

reader service card

Out -of- Circuit

Transistor Analyzer
Dynamic In- Circuit
Transistor & Radio Tester
Signal Generator
Signal Tracer Voltmeter
Milliammeter
Battery Tester
Diode Checker
Transistor Analyzer

Model
Factory Wired & Tested- S26.95
Easy -to- Assemble Kit -517.95

YOU DON'T NEED A BENCH FULL OF EQUIPMENT TO TEST TRANSISTOR

facilities you need to check the transistors themselves

212

RADIOS! All the

and the radios or other cirhave been ingeniously engineered into the compact,
6-inch high case of the Model 212. It's the transistor radio troubleshooter with all the
features found only in more expensive units. Find defective transistors and circuit
troubles speedily with a single, streamlined instrument instead of an elaborate
hook-up.
EMC, 625 Broadway, New York 12, N.Y.
Features:
Checks all transistor types
high or low
Send
me FREE catalog of the complete
power. Checks DC current gain (beta) to
value -packed EMC line, and name of
200 in 3 ranges. Checks leakage. Uni local
distributorversal test socket accepts different base
configurations. Identifies unknown tranNAME
RE-1
sistors as NPN or PNP.

cuits in which they are used

Jersey C.ty.

xs
' V
N

07304

Circle 74 on reader service card

INSTRUMENTS IN ONE

For

faster
service
USE

ZIP
CODE

Dynamic test for all transistors as signal

amplifiers (oscillator check), in or out of
circuit. Develops test signal for AF, IF,
or RF circuits. Signal traces all circuits.

ADDRESS
CITY

7ONE_STATF

Checks condition of diodes. Measures (battery or other transistor- circuit power

supply voltages on 12 -volt scale. No external power source needed. Measures
circuit drain or other DC currents to 80
milliamperes. Supplied with three exterELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS CORP.
nal leads for in- circuit testing and a
625 Broadway, New York, N Y. 1001?
pair of test leads for measuring voltage
and current. Comes complete with
Instruction manual and transistor listing.

EMC

Modifications to the basic plug -in board

can be used to add filtering, pre-amplification, mixing and constant current sensing.
Uses a newly patented output bridge circuit
that permits extremely high power levels to
be safely sustained. -Crown International,
1718 West Mishawaka Road, Elkhart, IN
46514.
R -E
Circle 38 on reader service card

All booklets, catalogs, charts,

data sheets and other literature
listed here with a Reader Service
number are free. Use the Reader
Service Card inside the back
cover.
CB COMMUNICATIONS CATALOG. 16- page

catalog features the company's complete

line of base station and mobile antennas;
highlights its new P.D.L. ll Polar Diversity
Loop model that handles over 2000 watts
and three new mobile HIPPO (HI Power POtential) models. Also included are trunk -lid
and deck mounts, co-phasing harness kit
and other mobile accessories.---Avanti Research & Development, Inc., 33 West Fullerton Avenue, Addison, IL 60101.
R -E
Circle 39 on reader service card
MOBILE RADIO CATALOG. Mobile radios,
together with a base station, are illustrated
in this 8 -page catalog. In addition to photos
and specifications on Golden Eagle AM and
AM /SSB models, this catalog also contains
photos and spec information on the Brownie
model
new mini -mobile. -Browning Laboratories, Inc., 1269 Union Avenue, Laconia,

-a

NH 03246.

Circle 40 on reader service card

on

all
mail

88

www.americanradiohistory.com

COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT CATALOG.

16 -page catalog features transceiver evaluation system called Range Rated Radios.
Also contains CB base models, CB handheld models, CB mobile models, CB power
supplies and accessories, scanners, land
mobile models, a marine model and an amateur model. Many illustrations and complete
specifications for each model. -Linear Systems, Inc., 220 Airport Blvd., Watsonville,
CA 95076.
R -E
Circle 41 on reader service card

GREAT VALUES

FREE GIFT WITH EVERY ORDER

-we do the paperwork

FREE $1 BUY WITH EVERY 10 YOU ORDER

Only applies to "$1" Buys
RCA

110 FLYBACK TRANSFORMER

Market. Latest type

- standard for all 110
TV's
RCA's design of large
Coil produces 18KVWe scooped the

/-

7 jL

A95
TV DEFLECTION YOKE
for all types TV's incl schematic Y
SPECIAL" 695

110

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...

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592 Good for most portable

695

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Rectangular
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250 -Asst Self Tapping SCREWS

TUBE SPECIALS
5U8 12BH7 - 18FY6 ....5 For
3CB6 - 3DT6 - 6CB6 - 6DW4 - 6FQ7
6GH8 - 61W8 - 8FQ7 - 12AT7 5 For
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-

35EH5

COLORE YOKE
1095
For all round color CRT's
V.O.M.
MODEL

12DQ6

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SPECO

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Precision Resistors -Meter Fuse

Protection Full Range-Complete [195
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PAIRS

MATCHED
TRANSISTORS NPN &

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TV TUNER
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SARKES TARZIAN TUNER

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in TRANSISTOR RADIO

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BRAND NEW

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100in 5%
stand, choice ohmages.
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''

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35
50-

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stand. choice ohmages, some in 5% L
PRECISION RESISTORS
100
1
asst. list -price $50 less 98%
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100
RESISTORS, 5, 10, 20 watt

20--ASST
1025-SYLVANIA
SINKS
20I.F. VIDEO.
-25V
COND
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-400V

SLIDE SWITCHES

SPST, SPDT. DPDT, etc.

HEAT

For Transistors
ASSORTED TV COILS
sound radio. etc.
ELECTROLYTIC COND.
200/300/100/100 MFD

Best TUNER "SARKES TARZIAN"

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An opportunity
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Complete with Tubes

I-

-to

100

WESTINGHOUSE FM TUNER
399
# 476- V -015D0 1 Transistor .. -...
FM TUNER
10

-Transistor

WESTINGHOUSE
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TUNER
Used in all TV sets
STANDARD TUNERTransistor (Guided Grid)

Li

Type

395

Channel closed circuit ..___..__. 100

PHILCO TV TUNERS
Model-76-13983-3 (5GJ7 -3HQ5) _.
WELLS GARDNER TUNER Part 795
#7A 120 -1 (4GS7 -2HA7 Tubes)
`(2GK5 -4J8)
L
795
BNER
Model V
995
UHF /VHF TUNER
PHILCO
7
Transistorized
95
TV TUNER
5
ET 86x196, (60K5 -6BL8)
(-I 110 TV DEFLECTION YOKE
(Y- 105- DY89AT) Used in
695

95

Li

GE

Emerson,

Philo,

etc. ....___......_

ZENITH YOKE (110 )

Part #95 -2874 Equivalent to
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.._...

-Y

-UHF

TUNER -Model
ES -85X4 Transistor Type
Used in all TV sets

GE

...

C95

395

MFD

..

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C CONE,

20/20

MFD -450V
5-9 VOLT MOTORS
Excellent for hobbyist
0"x9"Heavy Duty 10

1-

...

100
100
L

100
100
100

100

f0

oz. Speaker 450

8 Ohm

Ceramic Type
10 -ASST DIODE CRYSTALS
1N34. 1N48, 1N60, 1N64, etc. _.
Brand Silicon RECT.

6-Top
amp., 1000 PIV

10
1

TRANSISTOR

Li general purpose, TO -5 case

TRANSISTORS
5-NPN
general purpose, TO -5 case
TRANSISTORS
Li big factory scoop--sold -is
as

1 00

1
100
1
1 00

100

300 ohm l 500'-$7 0100'-$1.50. 50'

I0
ELECTROLYTIC Cond 100

-MINI

For Transistor & miniature work L

UHF or VHF Matching Trans.
100
Simple Fool-proof installation
1
4-ELECTROLYTIC COND
100

24-

ELECTROLYTIC Condensers

100/75 mfd -300V, 70 mfd -25V

Polarized CHEATER CORD
Grey
COLOR TUBE

-__-

100

100

100
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1E,

100
100

HEX NUTS
-ASSORTED RIVETS

500
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ASSORTED WASHERS

30
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100

most useful selected sizes

100

3-

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100
1
1

mfd.-75V

-TEST
WIRE
32'DELUXE
QUALITY
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DELMONICO NIVICO
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"

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design fits anywhere

DENSE RS 1 00
mfd. 20
1100
ECTROLY TIC CONE,
1500Lm d. 35V
4-AC LINE CORDS
10
1
1
Approved 6' ._._

in

UNIVERSAL SPEAKER
12"
Large Magnet _.
Top Quality ..
PHILCO SPEAKER

lo"

...

4"

70

BLUE

-_

ni

2'/2

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10in

-8

needle

ELECTROLYTIC CONDENSER 100

-- 1
300 mfd. -200V
-

DIPPED
1S--600V
DIPPED
.01

15-600V
15-

MYLAR CAP.

_._.... -_ - ...

_ _.

MYLAR CAP.

.033

DIPPED MYLAR CAP.

.0033-1000V
DIPPED MYLAR CAP.
.047-400V
Molded Tubular Capacitors
-

Li 15-

10e
100
1
100

100
100
1
.068 -900V
DIPPED MYLER Condensers 100
.0039 400V ...----- ----------- 1

15-

15-

2'/4"

----

SO. Panel
scale 33 Ohm

I-

BROOKS RADIO & TV CORP., 481 Columbus Ave., New York, N.Y. 10024
Circle 75 on reader service card

www.americanradiohistory.com

69

100

SK3006, SK3018, SK3020

SK3122, SK3124

Transistor
SK3009, SK3024,

1 25

RECTIFIER-

Play Back

Tuner -Mate KT -730

TELMATIC
Portable "Substi- Tuner "

in
ni

98

1
550

For COLOR TV 4 Cell

100
Used in ECA- Philco- Zenith. etc. 1
ELECTROLYTIC Condensera
300 mfd -200V, 200V.
100
1
300/60 mfd -150V
TOSHIBA Cassette Stereo Deck
Model KT -409DC Record &
7995

2-

ni

SK3040

Audio level control

3050

Instant Tuner Check _

OO
TELEMATIC Test Jig ModelE1-190-Master Rigs
Combo Riga -Econo Rigs _49
3 SPEAKER -7 WAY SELECTOR 169
1
SWITCH Wall Mount
STEREO MICROPHONES
x50
FL 1979/01 Made in Holland SET U
Shielded MIKE CABLE
10

25' ASSORTED
Grey 25/1

50in

FUSES
100
Popular asstd. ampere ratings _. ..._ 1
710
8 9C KETS

ail

n 8p

pe

-5"x7" UNIVERSAL SPK.

295

(10-20-40 OHM Imped.)

-5"

UNIVERSAL SPEAKER
Top quality
Large magnet
COLOR POWER TRANS.

100

-Good for most sets

List Price- $36.75

695

...

26E150
_.

& CONTINUITY CKR.

Model FT425

TUBE

98

(Teats fuses, heaters, lamps, Etc.) 1

KLEPS "CLEVER" TEST PRODS
"Third- hand" test prods, reach into
out of way places - Insulated - cannot
slip - accommodates bare wire or
banana plug -no soldering.

Li
Li

Q(

PRUF

tle Test Probe

aise

Vers

KLPS

BoaEookl Clamp 43

KLEPS
Boathook

139
long

20-

KLEPS

.__

1 49

Clamp 7" long

flexible forked Tongue 6"

40

long

FLEXIBLE -PC

L-1 Board Terminals 61/4" long

KLEPS

KANDUTrace & Etch

your own
easy to use instructions

179
59

...

I-ECONOMY
Kleps for Light Work
Printed Circuit Kit

2
99,

circuits- 995

4-50' HANKS Hook -Up Wire

assorted colors

-SPOOL
10'-ASST

_...

_.

_.

SPEAKER WIRE

tond mini zip, clear, 101 uses _ _.

10
RADIO & TV TUBES
Every Tube a god number
5 -Audio Output TRANSFORM
Suh -min for Trans Radios
_.
5-I.F. Coll TRANSFORMERS
456 -kc for Transistor Radios
2

Li
ni

SPEAKER
Top QualifyP Special buy
ELEMENT OUTDOOR
I
COLOR ANTENNA
VHF /UHF /FM Antenna
I" PANEL METER

-9

VU

0 -20

2-ELECTROLYTIC
40

mfd-500V,

10e

00

100

100
1
100
L

129
A.

095
O

129
L

db Scale

..

...

Specials-Your Choice

299

2-

COLOR

Silicon

.._.

-2

--

I5-

89

Large Magnet
Top Quality
299
&' UNIVERSAL SPEAKERLarge Magnet -Special Buy
129
UNIVERSAL TWEETER
1
1 oz. Magnet
WATT BIAS POTS
100
5-10K
_.
Used in solidd state application
pp
1
Cf1e
"x4" SPEAKER
_... EA. n
Special Buy 10 for $5
"x9" "GUAM" 16 OHM SPK.
179
Special BUY
Large magnet
(10 for $15.00)
1
20
RONETTE Stereo Cartridge
latest dual sapphire flipover type
Headphones Hi -Fi Quality 595
StereoComplete with Stereo plug
STANDARD TRANSISTORS 100
NPN & PNP 2N404, 2N414. etc. L
UTAH 8"-HEAVY DUTY 10 OZ. 450
Ohm
SPEAKER Ceramic Type
Stereo Cartridge-CN-72
VARCO
With mounting bracket, (lipover 295

395

1
Used in Scott- Fisher etc.
ASSORTED IC'S
100
L
L-1 For Experimenters
NPN HV TRANSISTOR
RCA -SK- 3021- Hep-240
169
RCA -SK- 3026 -Hep -241
Transistor Specials -Your Choiee

100
L

10e
200
TACHOMETER
Meter 1 -VDC, full
of 299
oil resistance 0 -6000 R.P.M.
395
section rods
CASSETTE type dynamic Mike 2 99
BRIGHTNER ...
LATERAL Magnet Assy.
179
with universal plugs-200 Ohms __.
495
90 COLOR TUBE
Replacement for most color TV's
&
BRIGHTNER
CONVERGENCE Assy.
249
100
PIN JACKS RCA type
89
Colorburat Quartz -Crystal
Universal type-good or most sets
1
PILOT
With
100
8-MINI
BULBS
KC
FFor
color
TV
seta
3579.545
L-1
most
COLOR -TV RECTIFIER -Used
195
1
Hrs)
8"
Leads
-6.3V
30MA
(5000
ASST GLOBAR VARISTOR
in most color sets -6500 kv 3 for_ -- 1
12"
00
BULBS
With
8-MINI
PILOT
2 COLOR -TV CRT SOCKETS
Popular
replacements
for
100
100
L
1
Hrs.)
150MA
(5000
Leads
-6.3V,
most COLOR TV __.____
Wired leads, for all color TV's
1
IMMEDIATE DELIVERY ,
Scientific light packing for safe delivery at minimum cost.
HANDY WAY TO ORDER
Send check or money order, add extra for shipping. Lists of new offers will be returned in your order.
MERCHANDISE (our
CHECK
POSTAGE STAMPS
Please specify refund on shipping overpayment desired:
L
set mounting

CO

ni CONVERGENCE

Compact

0/2 0

Chip

1 00

For Color TVL

TV COLOR ALIGNMENT 1279
TOOLS Most popular type
-TRACK TAPE Playback Deck 2750
2

..

-AX CABLE RG59U (Black)

250' -$10, 100' -$4.50, 50'
IC4 and IC3 Integrated Circuit

1
#1
#2NM ENT TOOLS 149

ELECTROLYTIC

7"

Color Demodulator

most useful assortment

5"

.09
.12
.29
.35

REEL
REEL
REEL
REEL

1100

value

TV ALIGNMENT

We

(Sprague Fqv. TVC M -1)

FLYBACK Part #A204llLBR.._. 1095

IF Transformers 10
8

1_1

Cleaner

TAPE
TAPE
TAPE
TAPE

ZENITH
Part #221 -39

ELECTROLYTIC COND

3"

1.29
1.59
1.49

80 Min.

MINI SPEAKER
Outdoor/Indoor
4 " -1 Oz. Magnet -8 Ohms-

s0
BUMPERS

best sizes

PC

400
as -is, potluck
ASST. V2 W RESISTORS
Top Brands, Sort Leads,
100
1
Excellent Selection ..._
00
75 -ASST I/4 WATT RESISTORS
stand, choice ohmages, some in 5% 1
ASST /a WATT RESISTORS 10
broken,

-ASST 2/56 SCREWS

100
-2/56 HEX NUTS
and
-ASST 4/40 SCREWS
100
and
--4/40 HEX NUTS
5/40 SCREWS

100 mfd. -100V. 50

100

150

potluck

8/92 SCREWS

and 100 -8/52 HEX NUTS

for cabinet bottoms-other

WHILE SUPPLIES LAST

Li

mc

Latest Compact
Model good for
all 41 me TV's.

UHF

5 For
-

100 -ASST

8 -Track

--

MARKET SCOOP COLUMN

100

8 -Track

1.49
1.89
.97
1,32
1.99
3.49

1
100

.58
1.19
1.97

CASSETTE C -60
CASSETTE C -90
CASSETTE C-120
64 Min.
8 -Track

.19
.78
.82
,90

100

100

100-ASST
and 100 -5/40
700

10LZ8

500

TAPE
assorted types good, bad

175 -1118

41

17BE3

6/32 SCREWS

100

RECORDER

ZENITH
Model 175 -1164

Model 175 -1120 &

(Series)

50EH5
6AU8 - 6CL8 - 6U8
6DQ5

350

4DT6 - 6AF9

100 -ASST

and 100 -6/32 HEX NUTS

I-1

SENCORE

2CY5

225'
600'
600'
900'
1200'
1800'
1200'
1800'
2400'
3600'

250 -ASST

Test Equip. Special Discount Prices

1095

19

7"

BRAND NEW SOLD AS IS

for all type TV's incl schematic

295
TV DEFLECTION YOKE
for ail type TV's incl schematic

#8FT-

5"
5"
7"
7"

Built in speaker/
for other for replay
Records up to 3
microphone for talk -into convergence
minutes of messages
. Illuminated signal shows when a
message is waiting. Control adjusts playback volume without
795
Capstan Drive:
affecting recording volume
Leaves messages

90 FLYBACK TRANSFORMER 295

SHARP
YOKE COMBINATION

Y'
5"

90 FLYBACK TRANSFORMER 200

70
for all type TV's Inri schematic
200
TV DEFLECTION YOKE
70
for all type TV's incl schematic
I10 FLYBACK &

31/4"

MESSAGE CENTER

application
Diagram
for any TV.
List price $13.90 395
Your price
10% off In lots of

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ALL TRANSISTOR HOME /OFFICE

assuring
width Ind, Schematic

SHANNON MYLAR RECORDING TAPE

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CANADIANS: Ordering is easy

100
mfd-400V
Minimum Order $5.00
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TELEPHONE

From the Voltmeter House

ThE nEw 20,000 count

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Automatic MultimEtEr

Twenty six ranges, five functions, $649. Measure from

200 mV through 1200 volts ac and dc, 200 pA through
2000 mAac and dc and 200 ohms through 20 megohms
resistance. Basic dc accuracy, 0.02 %. Up to 1,000
megohms input resistance.
Design uses advanced Fluke LSI technology. Almost
everything most people want is built -in. They are small,
tough and reliable. ready to go to work just as
they come from the box.
Fully protected, fully guarded, autozero and autorange.
Rated for minimum 10,000 hour MTBF.
Low cost options include built -in rechargeable battery
pack for up to 8 hours off -line operation and isolated
DOU for printer drive.
Abundant low cost accessories include HV probe, two
RF probes, 600 A. current probe, deluxe test leads. rack
kits, dust covers and carrying cases.

circuits
UNIVERSAL FULL -WAVE SCR CONTROL CIRCUIT
The circuit in Fig 1. shows how an SCR (Thyristor)
can be used to obtain fullwave control of current into a
resistive load. As resistor R2 is varied, varying portions

10052, 1/2W

FLUKE
For data out today,
dial our toll -free hotline,
John Fluke Mfg. Co., Inc., P.O.
Box 7428, Seattle, WA 98133
800 -426 -0361
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multmeter to go
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line operated
41/2

Distributed nationally
Call your local office
for a demonstration.

"SEE TEXT

FIG.

of the ac power cycle will be supplied to the load. Figure

2 shows the current flow for each half -cycle of the applied
voltage. The diodes are arranged to insure that the SCR
conducts in the same direction, regardless of the phase
of the applied voltage.
The value of series resistor R3 depends on the sensitivity
of the SCR being used. Set R2 to its maximum resistance
of 1000 ohms and select a value for R3 so the load current just cuts off. (In some cases, the sensitivity of the

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(602) 994-9519
(4081 733-9000
(714) 540-7160
CO
(303) 449-5294
CT
(2031 525-7647
FL
(8131294-5815
GA (4041 457-7117
HI
(8081 262-6286
IL
(3121 593.0282
IN
(3171 293-9827
MA (617) 2736198
MD (3011792-8661
MI
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MN (612) 781.1611
MO/w(816) 737-0066
MO/E(314) 731-2331
NC
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NJ/s (215) 925-8711
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OR
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TX /N(214) 234-4137
TX /s (7131 461-4487
UT
(801) 268-3181
WA (2061 763.2210
CAN/w (416) 7871208
CAN/w (6131 772-5874
CAN/E (5141731.9328

FIG. 2

SCR will make it necessary to adjust the value of R1.)

Diodes D -D4 may be any 3 -amp devices rated at 200
PIV. Similarly, the SCR is a 3 -amp, 200 PIV device.
Although the devices are rated at 3 amps, increasing the
rating of the SCR makes it necessary to increase the diode
R -E
ratings as well. William R. Shippee
1

90
www.americanradiohistory.com

next month lam

FEBRUARY 1975

New Breadboard System For IC's

Built -in power supplies and function generators make it a pleasure to design new
circuits using this versatile, home -made
breadboard.

LTCN RESIST

NSITIZ ER
Noiseless Discs At Last
Len Feldman explores a new system for
making stereo records virtually noiseless.

PR NTED pRGU
sPRA ;DN. AIR DRIES

t CIRCUIT MAT

Build A Computer Terminal

Here's a complete computer terminal, at
a reasonable price. It displays its input
on the screen of any TV. A full set of
add -ons are available too.

fC ELECTfON1C5

T,'

DIYlSION '' HYD+E -'

ROCKF)RD. ILUNClS E.

IIVER PRI

011ruvE eu

MOE

State -Of -Solid -State

New regular feature that covers the latest
happenings in the world of solid- state.

3- Unique Digital Clocks

Part Il: Construction details and circuit
board patterns appear this month.

FOR TH

HOBBYIST
&PROFESSIONAL
FREE
PRINTED CIRCUIT HANDBOOK
WHEN YOU TAKE THIS AD TO
YOUR ELECTRONIC SUFPLIIER.

PLUS
Step -By -Step Troubleshooting Charts

Jack Darr's Service Clinic

R -E's Replacement Transistor Guide
February issue goes on sale January 21, 1975

GC'"
ELECTRONICS GC ELECTRONICS
DIVISION OF HYDROMETALS, INC
ROCKFORD, ILLINOIS
101 U.S.A.
r11

r
91

IF

YOU ARE READY FOR SERIOUS CAREER

Learn Co ege -Level

ADVANCEMENT NOW

Electronics at H 0 m e
With CREI's unique Electronic
Design Laboratory Program
There is only one way to a career in
advanced electronics- through advanced
training. You can get such training through
a resident engineering college or you can take
a CREI specialized college level electronics
program at home.

-"NNW.

Wide Choice of Programs. CREI offers you

program arrangements with fourteen areas of
specialization in advanced electronics. You
can select exactly the area of specialization
for the career you want.
CREI also offers program arrangements
both for those with extensive experience in
electronics and for those with only limited
experience. All programs are college -level,
except for a brief introductory level course,
which is optional.
Unique Laboratory Program. CREI now offers
a unique Electronic Design Laboratory Program
to train you in the actual design of electronic
circuits. You also get extensive experience in
tests and measurements, breadboarding, prototype building and in other areas important
to your career. The Lab Program makes it
easier for you to understand the principles of
advanced electronics. Only CREI offers this
complete college type laboratory program.
The Lab Program includes professional
equipment which becomes yours to keep.
You will especially appreciate the Electronic
Circuit Designer, which is available only
through this program and which you will find
extremely valuable throughout your professional career.

College Credit. You can actually earn college

credit through CREI programs, which you can
use at recognized colleges for an engineering
degree. CREI maintains specific credit transfer
arrangements with selected colleges in the U. S.

Industry Recognized Training. For nearly

recognized
throughout the field of electronics. CREI
students and graduates hold responsible
positions in every area of electronics and are
employed by more than 1,700 leading organizations in industry and government.
50 years CREI programs have been

Qualifications to Enroll. To qualify for enrollment, you should be employed in electronics

or have previous experience or practical training in the use of electronic equipment. You
must also be a high school graduate or true
equivalent.
All CREI Programs are available
under the G.I. Bill

Send for FREE Book. If you are qualified,

send for CREI's full color catalog describing
these college -level programs and your career
opportunities in advanced electronics. Mail
card or write for your copy of this book.

CAPITOL
RADIO
ENGINEERING
INSTITUTE
McGraw -Hill Continuing Education Center
3939 Wisconsin Avenue Northwest
Washington, D. C. 20016

Accredited Member, National Home Study Council

R GS ELECTRON ICSL
008A MICROCOMPUTER KIT
8008 CPU, 1024 x 8 memory; memory is
expandable. Kit includes manual with schematic, programming instructions and suggestions; all ICs and parts supplied except
cabinet, fuses and hardware.
Includes p.c. boards

'$375.00
MANUAL ONLY, $25.00

(No Discount on Manual)

008A -C AUDIO CASSETTE ADAPTER KIT
Kit includes all ICs, p.c. board, power supply,
schematic and instructions. Will interface most
audio cassette recorders to the 008A Microcomputer. NOT intended to interface with
any other computer.
$50.00
008A-K ASCII KEYBOARD INPUT KIT
Kit includes keys, p.c. board, ICs, power
supply, schematic and instructions. This kit
is intended to interface ONLY with the RGS
Electronics 008A Microcomputer
'$50.00
TRANSISTORS
NPN General purpose TO -92 $.08;$5.95/100
PNP General purpose TO -92
$.08;$5.95/100
Other transistors and JFETS available at our
usual low prices, all are tested, good units.
Specs available in our flyer.
RGS ELECTRONICS, 3650 Charles St. Ste K,
Santa Clara, CA 95050
(408) 247-0158
We sell many ICs and components not listed in
this ad, included most of the 7400 series; send
a

stamp for our free flyer.

TERMS OF SALE: All orders prepaid; we pay

postage on all U.S. orders. Handling charge of
$1.00 on U.S. orders under $10.00, foreign
orders under$25. 00. California residents please
includesa/es tax. Please include name, address,
and zip code on all orders and flyer requests.
*DISCOUNTS: 10% OFF ORDERS OVER
$25.00 20% OFF ORDERS OVER $250.
PRICES SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE.

Circle 78 on reader service card

p%SaNSs=:

aRGp`Ne\
N

Transistors,

Modules,
Speakers.
Stereo. Hi -Fi,
Photo Cells and
thousands of
other
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OF

FREE
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Dept.. TA -2, 4900 Elston
Chicago, III. 60630
RUSH CATALOG

96

Address

City

connected to input 1. QI saturates. Collector current through R4 turns on the top

SUS and R4 is effectively shorted out. The
voltage drop across R3 and Q1 turns on
the lower SUS and lights the LED. The circuit stays locked on until reset by momentarily removing V15 or shorting Cl.
The other stages are locked out and cannot be triggered on because the current
drawn by the conducting stage drops the
supply voltage available to them to the
sum of the forward voltages of the two
SUS's and the LED -about 4.6 volts for
the devices shown. This is less than striking voltage V,.
Road ice alarm
In 1968, we ran a construction article on
a road -ice alarm that was basically an
AND circuit that turned on warning lights
when the temperature was near freezing
and humidity close to 100 % -conditions
under which ice is likely to form unnoticed
on road surfaces. The humidity sensor
specified was discontinued by the manufacturer and many readers were unable to
build the detector. The circuit in Fig. 5 is
a simpler ice -warning alarm described in

the "Designer's Casebook" column in

Electronics magazine.
The circuit uses a thermistor and three
sections of a LM3900 quad op -amp IC.
When the temperature drops to 36 F. the
LED indicator flashes at about once each
second. The flashing rate increases as
temperature drops until 32 when the LED
remains on.
Amplifier I compares the thermistor's
resistance to the resistance of the standard
network connected to its non -inverting
input. Its output -fed to the non -inverting
input of op-amp III -varies with temperature. Op -amp II is a free -running multivibrator feeding a pulse signal of about 1
Hz to the inverting input of op -amp III.
This amplifier compares the outputs of opamps I and II and turns on the LED when
the multivibrator's output level drops below that op -amp I.
The monitor is calibrated by placing the
thermistor in a mixture of crushed ice and
water and adjusting the 20K pot so the
LED stays on.
No information was supplied on mounting the sensor (thermistor) but in the
earlier device, the sensor was mounted in
a 23/4 X 21/2 X 15/6 inch aluminum utility
box. A 3/4 X 1 inch hole was cut in the top
surface of the box to admit a flow of air
that leaves the box through about twenty
1/16 -inch holes drilled in the bottom.
The sensor box was mounted behind the
radiator grille where air flowed through
the box when the car was moving.
R -E

STATEMENT
OF
OWNERSHIP,
MANAGEMENT
AND CIRCULATION (Act of August 12, 1970: Section
3685, Title 39, United States Code).
1. Title of publication: RADIO-ELECTRONICS
2. Date of filing: October 7, 1974
3. Frequency of Issue: Monthly
4. Location of known office of publication: 200 Park

Avenue South, New York, NY 10003.

5. Location of the headquarters or general business offices of the publishers: 200 Park Ave. South, New York,
NY 10003.
6. Names and addresses of publisher, editor and managing editor: Publisher and Editor -In- Chief, M. Harvey
Gernsback, 200 Park Ave. South, New York, NY 10003;
Editor, Larry Steckler, 200 Park Avenue South. New York,
NY 10003.
T. Owner: Gernsback Publications, Inc., 200 Park Avenue South, New York, NY 10003; M. Harvey Gernsback,
200 Park Avenue South, New York, NY 10003; Mary H.
Gernsback, M. Harvey Gernsback, Benjamin E. Winston
as trustees under trust agreement dated September 30,
1965 c/o Benjamin E. Winston Esquire, 2 W 46th Street,
New York, NY 10036.
8. Known bondholders, mortgagees, and other security
holders owning or holding 1 percent or more of total amount
of bonds, mortgages or other securities: None.
9. For optional completion by publishers mailing at the
regular rates (section 132.121 Postal Service Manual. In
accordance with provisions of L.S.C. 3626. I hereby re-

quest permission to mail the publication named in item 1 at

the reduced postage rates presently auhorized by 39 U.S.C.
3626. (signed) Harriet I. Matysko, Circulation Director.
10, For completion by nonprofit organizations authorized
to mail at special rates: Does not apply in this case.
11. Extent and nature of circulation. Average number of
copies each issue during preceding 12 months: (A) Total
No. of copies printed (net press run): 210,736; (B) Paid
circulation: (1). Sales through dealers and carriers, street
vendors and counter sales: 53,666; (2) Mail subscriptions:
112,393; (C) Total Paid circulation: 166,059; (D) Free dis tribution by mail, carrier or other means: (1) Samples.
complimentary, and other free copies: 1,200; (2) copies
distributed to news agents, but not sold: 41,915; (E) Total
distribution: 209.174; (F) Office use, left over, unaccounted. spoiled after printing: 1,562; (G) Total 210,736. Actual
number of copies of single issue published nearest to filing
date: (A) Total No. of copies printed (net press run):
212,710; (B) Paid Circulation: (1) Sales through dealers
and carriers, street vendors and counter sales: 52,715; (2)
Mail subscriptions 116,072; (CI Total Paid circulation:
168,787; (D) Free distribution by mail, carrier or other
means. (1) Samples, complimentary, and other free copies:
1,251; (2) Copies distributed to news agents, but not sold:
40,785; (E) Total distribution: 210,823; (F) Office use.
left -over, unaccounted, spoiled after printing: 1,887; (G)
Total: 212,710.
I certify that the statements made by me above are correct
:

and complete.

(Signed) Harriet I. Matysko, Circulation Director

BUILD YOUR OWN MINICOMPUTER

Thousands of Radio -Electronics readers
have already built their own minicomputer. You can still build yours. To get
started, order our 52 -page book
COMPUTER! It contains complete construction information including full-size
circuit board patterns, data on how it
works, a group of eight experiments you
can perform with the computer and other
important information.
Use the coupon below to order. Print!
The Coupon will be used as the shipping
label. Then check off the way you want
it shipped; this determines the price.
Payment must be in U.S. currency.

Radio -Electronics Computer Book

45 E. 17 St., New York, NY 10003

MUST PRINT

Name

Address
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State

Zip

Book price includes postage.

U.S., Canada, First -class Mail

U.S., Canada, Air Mail

Foreign, Surface
Foreign, Air Mail

$5.50'
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Only these four methods of shipment can be

provided.
'New York State residents must include 7%
sales tax -39c additional. New York City
residents must include 8% sales tax -44c

Name

TECHNICAL TOPICS
(continued from page 68)

State

Zip Code

Circle 79 on reader service card

additional.

COMPUTER! will be mailed within three weeks

of receipt of your order.

books

If You

Work In Electronics:

GRANTHAM OFFERS YOU

College - Level Training

FOR THE HOBBYIST, Third Edition, by Art
Zuckerman. Howard W. Sams & Co., Inc., 4300 West 62nd Street,
Indianapolis, IN 46268. 192 pp. 81/4 x 51/4 in. Softcover $4.95 (id
Canada $5.95).
This is a book for anyone with tape recording as a hobby. It
guides you through the tape recorder maze so that you may choose

TAPE

RECORDING

and a college degree.

Electronic Circuit Design,
Engineering Analysis (including mathematics thru calculus),
Classical and Solid -State
Physics, Engineering Design,
etc., etc., are all part of
the Grantham home -study degree program in Electronics
Engineering.

the tape recorder that will best suit your purpose.

In addition, the book covers special sound effects, candid recordings, correspondence by recording, battery-powered portable recorders, tape editing, producing your own tape programs, synchronizing sound on tape, and tape and recorder maintenance. The
final chapter covers home video -tape recording.

BASIC ELECTRICITY: A TEXT -LAB MANUAL, Fourth Edition, by Paul

B. Zbar. Sponsored by the Electronic Industries Association.
McGraw -Hill Book Co., 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY
10020. 352 pp. 103/4 x 8 in. Softcover $6.95.
This book contains 71 experiments in electricity and electronics.
It provides a practical guide in learning circuit theory.
Each experiment contains objectives, introductory information, a
summary, the materials required for the experiment, step -by -step
procedures and questions.

PUT PROFESSIONAL
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By adding college level home training

CET LICENSE HANDBOOK, by Joseph J. Carr. TAB Books, Blue

Ridge Summit, PA 17214. 276 pp. 81/2 x 51/4 in. Hardcover $8.95;
Softcover $5.95.
This book is intended as a review for the person preparing for a
CET exam, a state or local license exam, or a job -entry exam.
The book offers a review of simple ac and dc circuits and includes
difficult math is required.
a minicourse in simple circuit math
Systematically, the book explains antennas and transmission lines,
electronic servicing equipment, the use and application of common
circuit components, basic TV theory and troubleshooting. Included
is a realistic sample test that will serve as a dry run for an actual
CET exam.

and a college degree

to your experience,
you can move up to

-no

BASIC ELECTRICITY AND AN INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRONICS,

Third Edition, by the Howard W. Sams Editorial Staff. Howard W.
Sams & Co., Inc., 4300 West 62nd Street, Indianapolis, IN 46268.
208 pp. 103/4 x 81/4 in. Softcover $5.95 (in Canada $7.25).
Written for the student and beginner, this book covers the basic
electrical laws, direct current, cells and batteries, magnetism, alternating current, measurement and control, distribution, heating and
lighting and radiation, current flow and gases, electrochemistry and
an introduction to the science of electronics.
The logical format used in the presentation of the subject lends
itself to student study and also serves as a quick reference.

ABC'S OF CITIZENS BAND RADIO, Third Edition, by Len Buckwalter.

Howard W. Sams & Co., Inc., 4300 West 62nd Street, Indianapolis,
IN 46268. 128 pp. 81/4 x 51/4 in. Softcover $3.95 (in Canada $4.95).
This book is a guide to the establishment of a CB system -from
the initial idea to the completed functioning installation. For the
novice CB user who is mechanically inclined and has a few simple
tools, he can install a CB set in his car, home or boat, erect an
antenna and start operations.
A great deal of information is included on channel selection,
operating procedures, codes, FCC restrictions, typical violations,
circuits and troubleshooting. Included is a chapter on single -sideband equipment.
MODERN RECORDING TECHNIQUES, by Robert E. Runstein. Howard
W. Sams & Co., Inc., 4300 West 62nd Street, Indianapolis, IN 46268.
367 pp. 81/4 x 51/4 in. Softcover $9.95 (in Canada $11.95).
This book introduces the reader to the equipment and controls he
will encounter in the modern multi -track recording studio in terms
of both the operating techniques currently in use and the roles they
play in creating the finished product.
This descriptive book fills the information gap between recording
engineers, record producers and recording artists. It covers the
techniques of pop music recording as well as all aspects of the recording engineer's job. Both presently employed and aspiring
recording engineers will appreciate the practical job information
that is given. Producers and recording artists will benefit from
familiarity with the techniques and equipment they will be using in
the studio.
R -E

greater opportunities in electronics.

Grantham offers the

A. S. E.T. degree by correspondence. After earning this degree, you may
continue with additional
correspondence plus a 3 -day
residential seminar and certain transfer credits, to
earn the B. S. E.T. degree. Then, the B. S. E. E. is
available through further study.

GRANTHAM SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING

2000 Stoner Ave., Los Angeles CA 90025
Telephone (213) 477 -1901

Worldwide Career Training thru Home Study

Mail the coupon below for free bulletin.
r

Grantham School of Engineering RE 1 -75

2000 Stoner Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90025

I have been in electronics for

_years. Please
mail me your free bulletin which gives details concerning your electronics degree programs.

Name

Age

Address
City

State

Zip

Circle 80 on reader service card

97

STEP BY STEP

DISCOUNT

(continued from page 73)

TEST
EQUIPMENT
SPECIALISTS

ance to dc. Disconnecting one end of

this component will do you no good
at all, whether it is open or shorted,
since V8 won't operate normally anyway unless its biased just right. Therefore, substitution is the only answer
and sometimes 56 -toH isn't easy to
come by. A new coil, of course, did
the trick and all waveforms returned
to normal as Fig. 7 amply illustrates.
At 2V /div., the signal at the control
grid of V8 now measures some 8 volts,
(Fig. 7, lower trace), while burst continues ringing the crystal at better
than 50V, with a time duration of

HICKOK

i-NCOF1

L'e

RCA

approximately 10
A

QUOTATIONS ON REQUEST

scratch was then undertaken that consumed about 20 minutes, instead of

the usual 5- minute touchup, and the
receiver was returned to normal operation. True, this problem is a bit
unusual, but a shorted coil (and this
one would not ring) cannot be measured with an ohmmeter and must be
evaluated by ac voltages and an oscilloscope .
Unfortunately, there is
R-E
no other way.

COMPLETE LINE OF
ELECTRONIC SUPPLIES
ICC/Mullard & Raytheon Tubes
Telematic Test Rigs
TV Tyner Subber

FREE CATALOG
FORDHSPA
Co., Inc.

Radio Supply
558 Morris Ave., Bronx, N.Y. 10451
Tel: (212) 585 -0330

Circle

its.

vectorscope alignment from

decoder using a novel LC voltage controlled oscillator.

Stewart- Warner has also entered the
cmos market by bringing out their
versions of the 4011, 4012 and 4023
gates.
Silicon General is manufacturing the
CG556 dual 555 type timer. The two
timers are contained in a single 14 -pin
package. Both timers, are contained on
a single chip and are matched within
0.05% on timing and both will track
within 10 ppm C. Supply voltage
drift is matched to 0.1 % per volt. The
100 piece plastic package price is $1.50.
NAND

R -E

COLLECTORS!
We've just added the 1927

Radio Encyclopedia
to your growing library 1927 RADIO ENCYCLOPEDIA
your technical hook on wireless and early radio.
Deluxe illustrated reprint of the original. 175 pages.
$12.95 hard -cover, $9.95 soft- cover.
VINTAGE
RADIO is the fascinating photo reference for collectors and historians, 1887 -1929.263
pages, over 1,000 photos. $6.95 hard -cover, $4.95
soft-cover.
RADIO COLLECTOR'S GUIDE is the data book
for collectors, 50,000 facts, 1921 -1932.264 pages,
$3.95 soft -cover.
5. GERNSBACK'S
is

STATE OF SOLID STATE

(continued from page 61)

81 on reader service card

their plastic design and it uses low

resistance nickel -silver contacts.
It sells for $4.75 in a 16 -pin model
and a quarter less in its 14 -pin version.

Electronics Bench Manual

:<xa:

z:,ox.

.....iiiiirunr
`7

u-

IC

releases

again expanded their

cosmos IC line with a slew of new
numbers. Among them, the CD4066A
Quad Bilateral Switch is an improved
version of the CD4016A with lowered
on resistance. There is a 200-stage
shift register and a 256 -bit Static RAM

RCA has

WHAT'S AN "EBM"???
Oven 1,000 IYGatnutiona and Tabte , high- denaity
text equivalent in content to a who&e eo1Pection
05 o.Uie books, anna.nged in apeci$ic aeetiona on;
+-

BENCH PLANNING & LAYOUT...BASIC BENCH SUPPORT

FACILITIES...HAND SOLDERING....CONSTRUCTION &

ASSEMBLY ...SEMICONDUCTORS...ELECTRON TUBES...

lastMost-Often-Needed
1926.1950 Diagrams

And now while they

The original Supreme Publications books. Schematics of over 3,000 radio models from 1926 thru
1950. Restore those old sets, or use your books for
valuable historical information.
1926 -1938 Volume, 600 models, $7.00.
1940, 41, 42, 46, 48, 49, 50, $4.00 each.
All eight volumes, special price $31.50.
Quantities of original books are limited. Order now
and avoid a wait for reprints.

RESISTORS, POTENTIOMETERS & RHEOSTATS..CAPAC& ELECTROSTATIC DEVICES

INDUCTORS &
ELECTROMAGNETIC DEVICES...SWITCHES & RELAYS..
WIRE & CABLE..DISPLAYS, INDICATORS & METERS..

ITORS

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FINISHES

....MECHANICAL DEVICES, MOVEMENTS

0.

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HOUSINGS

ACTUATORS

...DEVICE 6 COMPONENT DATA...CENERAL. TABLES &

FORMULAS...TIME & FREQUENCY SERVICES...APPhICATIONS F CIRCUITS.
Each ne a eepaaa-tety bound book aection, which con

detached OA use on the bench, on uaed tight in the

tugged ooLid poCycthy!ene bindeA auppEed.

SEND TODAY to Vintage Radio, Dept R,

Box 2045, Palos Verdes Peninsula, CA., 90274.
Postage Paid. California residents add 6% tax.

be

$
s

ORDER YOURS TODAY!

Cheek,

Money Ogden, BANCAMERICARD on MASTERCHARGE

(White on Catt with Account

STILL ONLY

$1795
Poetpaid
In U.S.A.

TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION
BOX 340
CENTREVILLE, VA 22020
703 -a30-2335

Circle 82 on reader service card

with access times less than 250 nanoseconds.

In their linear line, two FM multiplex stereo decoders, the CA758E and
CA1310E use RC oscillators. RCA
already markets the CA3090AQ stereo

TOTAL
NAME
STREET
CITY

$
$
$

ST._

ZIP

COLLECTORS!

market
center

Electronic Components

available. Music accessories, surf, wind

synthesizers, wind chimes, many others.
PAIA ELECTRONICS, Box B14359, Oklahoma
City, OK 73114
CONVERT any television to sensitive, big screen oscilloscope. Only minor changes
required. No electronic experience necessary. Illustrated plans $2.00. SANDERS, Dept.
A -25, Box 92102, Houston, TX 77010
USE your transistor radio as a sensitive
direction finder. Great for emergencies.
Complete plans. Guaranteed results. $1.00.
RADIO COMPASS, Dept. A, Box 606, Webb
City, MO 64870
ELECTRONIC organ kits, keyboards and
many components. Independent and divider
tone generators. All diode keying. IC circuitry. Supplement your Artisan Organ. 35c
for catalog. DEVTRONIX ORGAN PRODUCTS,
Dept. B, 5872 Amapola Dr., San Jose, CA

7400N..
7401N..
7402N..
7403N..
7404N..
7405N..

BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES
FREE giant below -wholesale catalog featuring national & imported gift items. Unique
opportunity of finding beautiful & exotic
gifts, novelties, toys. Thousand others. Rush
25c for postage. JAAFRI INDUSTRIES, 9807 RE, Brookshire, Downey, CA 90240

-E

SAMPLE COPY $1.00

LOGIC NEWSLETTER
POB 252
WALDWICK, N.J. 07463

74163N. 51.50
741645. 51.58
7416554. 52.45

749214..66.0c
7493N.. 66.0c

747054..33.Oc

7472N.. 36.0c
747314..43.5c
747414..43.5c
747511.. 69.0c
74704.. 46.5c

7495N.. 51.14

74166N. 52.00

7496N.. 51.14

74175N.51.00

74107N. 45.Oc
74121/4. 46.5c
741220. 49.5c
74123N. 51.08
74141N. 51.10
74150N. 51.53
74151N. $1.17
74153N. 51.17

74180N. 51.17
7418111. $3.42
74182N. 51.14
74192N. 51.73
74193N. 51.73

7419x1.52.75
74199N. 52.75

LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

555V MINIDIP TIMER
565A DIP PLL
70W MINIDIP OP MAP
741V MINIDIP OP AMP
748V MINIDIP OP AMP
L129 5 VOLT REG

82.5c

15 VOLT REG

1131

556V
567v
723A
7475

$3.38
36.0c

MINIDIP DUAL AMP

MINIDIP DECODER

... 75.0c
$3.38
82 Sc

DIP VOLTAGE REG

50.Oc
DIP DUAL AMP
42.0c 5143900 DIP QUAD AMP
51.80. L130 12 VOLT REG
51.80

973c
600c
51.80

MINIATURE ALUMINUM ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITORS

.40V

,Ir OM r.4.r.

2.211FD /5aV

3.3190735V
4.7210/35V

Ik It
Ik Ik

UFaISV.

10

10 UFD /35V

UFD /lev

It It
15c

12c

IND/25V....

13

Ik

aUFD /165....77, 1k
471RD/25V. .. lk lk
I00 1F0/765 ..19c I5c
mummy... 24 Ik

lc

wx Ip.dw .I,w..7 Wet 70 plus 75x 557 INS w 15.1

/16V.... Ik 2c 1a 330 UM /I6V ..35c 2k 2k
17, Ik lk 330 UFD/25V... 44c 3k 32c

33 UFD

lk

It

Ile

Ik

AXIAL LEAD TYPE-

50 PM.

Ik 1T, 1e
Ik Ik lie
Ik 17, llc
It Ik llc

I UFO /SOY

470 IFD /I6Y... 37c

470 UFM/75V...49c

lk
lk

1000350/765
1000 UFD/6V
23W 06/16V

17c

lk

220 UF0 /16v ..

220UID/25V... 3k

17,

75c

..
..
..

49c
75v

75,

30c

27,

3k
39c

3k
3k

60c

55c

60,

55,

24c

AMP SILICON RECTIFIERS

164005 600 PIV 8/S1 100/59 1000/170

12/S1

100/16 1020/S48
164007 1000 PP/
6/SI

SILICON SIGNAL
194914 equiv.)

/1741413

1000 /S88

100 /111

SWITCHING DIODE
100/57

12/S1

1M/150

514/1220

MOLEX SOLDERCON IC TERMINALS

500/4.20

1000/68.20

5000/$38.20

50,000/5275

LED 7 SEGMENT DISPLAYS

DATALIT-707.. 51.50

DATALIT-704.. 51.00

IC SOCKETS

4 AMP SLIDE SWITCHES

8 Pin DIP Solder

WST

35c

'

12c

16 Pin DIP Solder

50c

AMP CONTACT

52.00

ea.

$ 1.80
L129

5V

L130

12V

1131

15V

1/2

Ye

SPOT..... 2k

10/52

VOLT /20MA COIL

100/S125

10/115

25 V. DISC CAPS

Tam

.01....
.022...
.047...

600mA
500mA
450mA

&

10/SI

REED RELAY

14 Pin DIP Solder 45c

VOLTAGE REGULATORS

LOGIC
NEWSLETTER

.1

lo

5c

3.5c

6c

4c

9c
12c

6c
9c

100

1000

3c 2.4c
3,5c 2.75c
5.3c 4.25c
7.5c
6c

WATT CARBON COMP.

RESISTORS

'/

W Resistors
of the 85 standard 10% values (2.2 -22M)
(425 pcs.) Sorted by value 512 /set 2.4 ore.S11 /set 5-9 are S10 /set.
5 each

of the 70 standard 10% values (10-5.6M) V. W Resistors

(350 pcs.) Sorted by value 512 /set 2-4 ore 311 /set 5-9 are 510/set.
5 each

DEGREE program in Electronics Engineering.

Our 29th year! Free literature. COOK'S INSTITUTE, Dept. 14, Box 20345, Jackson, MS
39209.

re- building equipment

for sample copy

VALLEY WEST Box 21194 Sunnyvale,

EN978..
EN2222.

Logic Design Techniques

Digital 8 Linear Design

Theory & Procedures
Construction Projects

Resistors also available individually. in other assortments

loot) pr.. per value. S4 R are hot molded
or in boxes
MIL -R- I IF specification types.

SILICON TRANSISTORS

ELECTRONICS
MONTHLY NEWSLETTER

-* **

w'.1

4r4''e

277712.
273391A
293393.
293563.
293638.

oc
4,r, Ou,

Send $1.00

CA

94087

ELiL

TV tuner repairs-Complete course details,

12 repair tricks. Many plans. Two lessons, all
for $2. Refundable, FRANK BOCEK, Box 3236
(Enterprise), Redding, CA 96001.
ELECTRONICS book discounts. Save! Free
selected, reviewed list. T /DOC, Box 340,
Centerville, VA 22020

n. 7:

74154N. 52.22
74155N. S1.17
74156N. 51.14
74157N. 51.11
74158N. 51.53
74160N. 51.50
74161N. $1.50
7416214. 51.50

748511.. 51.40
7486N. 45.Oc
748911.. 54.47
7490N.. 66.0c
7491N.. 51.05

90.Oc

24 Pin DIP Solder S1.25

COMPUTER NEWS

ot5v

ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
& INSTRUCTION

7480N.. 70.5c
74820.. 99.0c
7483N.. $1.17

746014..253c

741811.. 31.5c
7420N.. 25.5c
7421N.. 25.5c
7423N.. 72.0c
742614.. 33.0c
7430N.. 25.5c

LOGIC MICRO /MINI-

With Lakeside Industries

745914.. 28.5c

SHORTCUT to success: Highly effective,

profitable short courses (75 courses). Study
at home. Diploma awarded. Our 29th year!
Free literature. CIEE
Box 20345, Jackson,

`FpFN

_imo

749454.. S1.10

100/S1

4.

LAKESIDE INDUSTRIES
3520 W. Fu11Mon Aye.
Chicago, III. 60647
Phone: 312- 342-3399

no& b

an

74511.. 25.5c
7453N.. 25.5c
7454N.. 255c

42.0c
42.0c
25.5c
51.40

7447N.. 51.11
7448N.. 51.22
7450N.. 25.5c

7413N.. 60.0c
741644..46.5c
7417N.. 46.5c

EDUCATION & INSTRUCTION

OWN YOUR OWN PICTURE

TUBE REBUILDING BUSINESS

you can rebuild any picture tube!

For complete details
send name, address, zip
code to

euM

ton, touts o4..dv4

7410N.. 25.5v

1041301 50 PIV

t25 .a

lap

51.49
74461, . $1.14

74115.. 25.5c

. for electronic equipment,

QUICK cash
components, unused tubes. Send list now!
BARRY, 512 Broadway, New York, NY 10012,
212 WAlker 5 -7000

95129

.I n

7437N..
7438N..
7440N..
7441N..
7442N..
7445N..

WANTED

AUDIO processing circuits

designs,
kits, units. Laboratory tested designs for
hobbyist through professional use-limiters,
compressors, AGC's, equalizers, mixers,
preamps, and more. Send now! Complete
catalog for $1.00 (refundable)- CIRCUIT
RESEARCH LABS, 3920 E. Indian School,
Phoenix, AZ 85018

..aM,
i. Adt,vd

25.5c
25.5c
25.5c
25.5c
30.0c
30.0c
740614.. 48.0c
7407N.. 48.0c
740811.. 28.5c
740914.. 28.5c

nuFO /25v..

MS 39209.

CC

IO. te, 600.00w men.

DIGITAL INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

SELF -STUDY CB radio repair course. There's

money to be made repairing CB radios. This
easy -to -learn course can prepare you for
a career in electronics enabling you to earn
as much as $16.00 an hour in your spare
time. For more information write: CB RADIO
REPAIR COURSE, Dept. 1 -R, 531 North
Ann Arbor, Oklahoma City, OK 73127

_. ,

It 150.00 n mo.

...

FREE catalog. Most unusual electronic kits

DISCOUNT ON LINEAR AND DIGITAL IRTFGEATFD CIRCUITS

SPECIAL SAVINGS

Dai .:

CLASSIFIED COMMERCIAL RATE (for firms or individuals offering commercial products or

services). $1.15 per word
minimum 10 words.
NONCOMMERCIAL RATE (for individuals who want to buy or sell personal items) 70c per
word ... no minimum.
FIRST WORD AND NAME set in bold caps at no extra charge. Additional bold face at 10c
per word. Payment must accompany all ads except those placed by accredited advertising
agencies. 10% discount on 12 consecutive insertions, if paid in advance. Misleading or
objectionable ads not accepted. Copy to be in our hands on the 26th of the third month
preceding the date of the issue (i.e. August issue closes May 26). When normal closing
date falls on Saturday, Sunday or a holiday, issue closes on preceding working day.

PLANS & KITS

Quality

doe

FOR SALE
ELECTRONIC Ignition: Capacitor, transistor,
pointless. Auburn sparkplugs. Information
10c. ANDERSON ENGINEERING, Epsom, NH

293986.
794126.
794403.

295069.
295137.
295137.
295139.

-A -R, transistors,

repairs-boards &
units, speaker service. Send for prices &
details. BEAR ELECTRONICS, 177 -R Hill crest Road, Mt. Vernon, NY 10552
SLEEP teaching. Complete $7.95; free information. GALEN HIVELEY, Somers, IA 50586.
DYNACO

ILN

b4

tr-N

Ito

.21

.185

165

E6930...

TO-106

.21

.185

.165

.21

.165

.185

.765

.18

0123696. 70.106
042907.. 70.106
2/43392.. TO 98

.21

TO 98
TO 98
TO 98

.185
.160
.190

.21

.190
.175
.175

.175

.185
.190
.190

.165
.175
.175

.175
.175
.175

.160
.160
.160

.160
.100
.210
.260
.210
.150
.150

.22

10106

.22
.20

10.105

.20

145
.175

TO-106

.n

.190

.175

TOd05

.20

T0106
TO 92

.22

.175
.190

.160
.175

.25

225

.200

TO 92

.27

.240

.220

TO 92
TO 92

.32

104106
70.700
10-106

.19
.19

.290
.240
.170
.170

.19

.170

.260
.220
.150
.150
.150

.27

213394.. TO 98
293565.. TO-106

.160
.160

243638A. TO-105
TO705

-I2N3641..

.22

.n
.20
.20

.20

293645.. T4105
273904-. TO- 92
244114.. TO 92

.20

TO 72
10- 92

.32

.175
.275
.240
.290

.27

.240

795129.. 16106
295134.. 76106
215138.. TO-106

.19
.19
.19
1.35

.170
.170
.170
1.20

2574401..
2950137..

2143355..

TO

.25

.n

.150

109

FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTORS

MPF102

T0. 92

.44

.380

265457.. TO 92

.350

.47

.420

.375

NPN DARLINGTON TRANSISTOR

03234

AUTOMATIC auto burglar alarm $9.95 Ppd.

Ten -year guarantee, BEITA, Box 25289, Los
Angeles, CA 90025

le

LI
10106
70106

MP5.A13.

1O 92

Send

Min. DC Current Gain al 5.000 at lOv O

36

.320

.200

for Free Catalog or Mail Readers

Service Card

COD ORDERS ACCEPTED FOR SAME DAY SHIPMENT

CALL 218 -681 -6674
Orders Lou Nan $10.00 add

SOc

Simko Chap -011/7/7 Postpaid

"only Quality Components Sold :

DIGI-KEY CORPORATION

`.O.

Box 126

Thief Rlvar Falls. MN 567011

Circle 86 on reader service card

L'e pale.

oov

VOLTAGE REGULATORS TO -3
Lx 520
I.M

IM

U1

6,1111L ea.
a9
51.95 517.50

NI

.1'I1'

:1111'

5V

320
320
320

5.2V

1.95

17.50

V
15V

1.95

17.5-

1.95

17.5.!

11

La.

ItlilI1ti

309k

5V
fit'

15`.'

..

...

1.95
2.25

17.50
20.00

A100

CALCULATOR CHIP

North American Rockwell A11030

4
function & percent:on -chip
clock:8 digit floating or
fixed DP:full memory and constant 42 pin staggered lead
DIP (unbent).

ea.$4.95
,/data

74S206 SCHOTTKY BIPOLAR

745206 Schottky Bipolar 250x1
Random Access Memory.
10 pak $29.00
ea. $3.49

aa

51.25
1.50

LISTEN TO

MANUALS for Govt. surplus radios, test sets,

scopes. List 50c (coin). BOOKS, 7218 Roanne
Drive, Washington, DC 20021
1/4W, 5 %, carbon LOW -noise resistors
film from 10-3.3 Meg for 31/2c each. Fifty
of one value for $1.25. 10% discount over
$50. 75c postage /handling. Free samples
and specifications. COMPONENTS CENTERRE, Box 134, New York, NY 10038

RADIO & TV tubes 36c each. One -year guarantee. Plus many unusual electronic bargains. Free catalog. CORNELL, 4217 -E University, San Diego, CA 92105

4ChauueI Souu!

AUTORANGING DMM, deluxe vom's, logic

probes and more. Lowest prices. Free catalog. ELECTRO INDUSTRIES, 4201 Irving
Park Road, Chicago, IL 60641

10 AMP FULL WAVE BRIDGE RECTIFIER

10

AMP

Full Wave

Bridge Rectifier
Motorola MIA 762 -2
10 pax 520.00

100 PRV

F.C.C. EXAM MANUAL

52.29

co.

;l-=

OPTO ISOLATOR I''

1000anto 1117 _I n pin Jip

PASS

pax

50.95

2N3055 NPN TRANSISTOR

DIP RC

NETWORKS

packages containing
precision resistors and capacitors.
NO SCHEMATICS AVAILABLE
Sample indicates most contain 10 to
15R and 1 or 2C. Assortment of 8,$1.
and

16 pin

IC

All Merchandise

and

is

sold on

is
a

new unused

surplus

money back guarantee.

Five dollar minimum order. Free first

class postage on all orders. California
Residents please add sales tax.

Send stamp

box AF

for

free catalog.

rael,4s -era w

Carmichael. Ca.

Write to:

95608

Circle 87 on reader service card

7400
7401

7402
7403
7404
7405
7406
7407
7408
7409
7410
7411

7412
7413
7416
7417
7418
7420
7421

7423
7425
7426
7427
7429
7430
7432
7437
7438
7439
7440
7441
7442
7443
7444
7445
7446
7447
7448
7450
7451
7453
7454
7459
7460
7470
7472
7473
7474
20%

.18
.19
.19
.19
.21

.22
.39
.39
.25
.25
.19
.29

.40
.79
.39
.39
.25
.19
.35
.35
.39
.29
.35

.40
.22
.29
.45
.39
.50
.19
1.08
.99
.99
1.10

TTL

7475
7476
7480
7482
7483
7485
7486
7488
7489
7490
7491
7492
7493
7494
7495
7496
74100
74107
74121
74122
74123
74125
74126
74141

74145
74150
74151

74153
74154
74155
74156
74157
1.10 74160
1-.10 74161

1.10
1.10
.24
.27
.27
.39
.25
.19
.45
.36
.43
.42

74163
74164
74165
74166
74170
74173
74174
74175
74176
74177
74180
74181

.75
.47
.50

1.75
1.11

1.10
.44
3.00
2.75
.79
1.29
.79
.79
.89
.89
.89
1.50
.47
.55
.47
.99
.60
.79
1.15
1.10
1.05
.89
1.29
1.25
1.19
1.29
1.29
1.65
1.39
1.59
1.89
1.89
1.65
3.00
1.65
1.85
1.85
.89
.89
1.05
3.50
100

Discount for
Pieces Combined 7400

74182
74184
74185
74187
74190
74191
74192
74193
74194
74195
74196
74197
74198
74199
74200

.89

2.30
2.19
6.00
1.50
1.50
1.35
1.35
1.39
.95
1.25
.99
2.19
2.19
6.95

CMOS

CD4001 $ .55
CD4002
.55
CD4007 1.25
.85
C D4009
.65
CD4010
C0401 1
.55
.55
CD4012
CD4013 1.10
1.25
C D4016
C D4017 2.50
CD4019 1.25
C D4020 1.50
.55
CD4023
.55
CD4025
CD4027 1.25
.60
CD4030
MC3022 2.00
.35
74C00
.69
74C04
.65
74C20
74C173 2.50
8000 SERIES
.59
8091

8092
8095
8123
8130
8200
8210
8223
8288
8520

2.19
2.59
3.49
4.00

8880

1.33

8826

COMMAND PRODUCTIONS
RADIO ENGINEERING DIV.

P.O. BOX 26348

SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.

94126

NEW Canadian Magazine, "Electronics Workshop," $5.00 yearly, sample $1.00. ETHCO,
Box 741 "A ", Montreal

DIGITAL electronics! Complete schematics,

parts lists, theories -Discrete Component
Digital Clock, $3.00. Increase technical corn petence, hobby skills -Complete course in
Digital Electronics is highly effective, $10.00.
Free literature. DYNASIGN, Box 60R2, Wayland, MA 01778

SURPRISE! Build inexpensively, the most

unusual test instruments, futuristic gadgets
using numerical readouts! Catalogue free!
GBS, Box 100B, Greenbank, WV 24944

Christmas SPECIALS

,..

Digital LCD Watch

Liquid Crystal Display
Constant on -Shock Proof
uses Field effect display
Accuracy to Minute -a -Year.

5,\(

a%

5 Year Warranty

Unassembled Kit

$149.95ea
99.95ea

Res. Add 6% Tax

California
CALCULATORS
5m8 -4 Function 9V
$29.95
ea
6 Month Warr. Red Led
SL8M -4 Function Memory $53.00
ea
% -Add on Disc. -Tilt Lens
5m -20 -5 Function Memory $39.95
ea
Constant-9V -1 Yr.W.
TIME -Temp Display
6 digit LED Display
Liquid Crystal Temp. Display
115 Volt -1 Yr. Warr. $39.95
-Kit from $29.95
IC sockets
PROJECTS
8 pin DIL .22 36 pin DIL 1.70
8263 $ 7.00
14 pin DIL .26 40 pin DIL 1.90
4.00
8267
16 pin DIL .29
WIRE WRAP
2513 12.00
LEVEL #3
18 pin DI L .46
2518
7.00
14
pin
.46
DIL
22 pin DIL .65
2524
6.00
24 pin DIL .68 16 pin DIL .55
2.00
7805
28 pin DIL .99, 24 pin DIL 1.05
Satisfaction Guaranteed. All Items 100% Tested
No
1st Class Mail
Charge
$5.00 Min. Order
Add 6% Sales Tax
California Residents
Wholesale Outlets
Write for Special Discounts
Write for FREE Catalog
Data Sheets .201 each

USA MADE

- - -

.59
1.39

1.59

1.15
1.29

5.00

P.O. BOX 822, BELMONT, CA 94002

ORDERS

TO

QUADRIPHONIC HI -FI
BUILD the VISTA Full Logic
"SQ" Decoder.
As featured Exclusively in
RADIO -ELECTRONICS, Oct.
1974.

back guarantee.

253015 Transistor (power):P0 -1156;

VCE -60V; HFE -50; FT -30K; Case -TO -3
ea. 51.10
10 for $6.91

14

F(( EXAMS! Memo,,,,, study-1,,F,.

Answers for FCC lst and Ind class Radiotelephone licenses. Newly revised multiple
choice questions and diagrams cover oll
oreas tested in FCC ems, plus Self -Study
Ability Test. 59.95 postpaid. Money -

EXPAND YOUR STEREO

[415) 592 -8097

Circle 89 on reader service card

Latest CBS licensed circuitry using 3 Integrated

Circuits. "SQ" Matrix
Decoder, with Full Logic
and Wave Matching.
Motorola IC's
Etched & Drilled
Circuit Board
5% Film Capacitors
5% Film Resistors
3

KIT SQ -1
ONLY

$3750
Shipped Prepaid
in USA & CANADA
N.Y. State add Tax

Electrolytics
Controls

PHOTOLUME CORPORATION
118 East 28th STREET, New York, N.Y. 10016

Circle 88 on reader service card

LM300

LM301 H/N

LINEAR

$ .79

.30

Voltage Follower
.75
LM302H
Negative Volt Reg
LM304H
1.10
Positive
Volt Reg
1.00
LM305H
.35
LM307H /N Op Amp (Super 741)
.99
LM308H /N Micro Power Op Amp
5 Volt Regulator /Amp 1.25
LM309K
Volt
Follwer
Improved
1.35
LM310H
.89
LM311H/N Hi- perform Volt.Comp.
2.00
Hi -Speed Op Amp
LM318N
1.50
To 3 Neg. Regulator
LM32OK
1.75
Quad 741 Op Amp
LM324N
1.65
Quad Comparator
LM339
Positive Volt Regulator 1.89
LM340K
A 6 C - Squelch Amp 1.55
LM37ON
AM /FM $$ B Strip
3.30
LM373N
LM380N 2 Watt Audio Power Amp 1.15
Timer
.75
LM555N
LM565- LM566 -LM567 Phase L.L. 2.00ea
.45
RF /IF Amp
LM703H
.29
LM709H /N Op Amp
.55
LM723H /N Voltage Regulator
.30
LM741 H/N Comp. Op Amp
LM747H /N Dual Compen.Op Amp .79
.40
Freq. Adj. 741
LM748N
3.50
Stereo Demodulator
LM1310P
.65
Dual Comp. Op Amp
LM1458N
1.85
5 Times Faster 741
LM1556N
LM2307P Current Controlled 05 Cil. 3.15
.75
LM3065N T.V. -FM Sound System
.50
Quad Amp
LM3900N
.65
Precision Timer
LM3905N
LM7522 Core Memory Sense Amp. 2.50
1.50
Amp.
LM7524 Core Memory Sense
LM7535 Core Memory Sense Amp. 1.00
.49
LM75451 Dual Peripheral Driver
.49
LM75452 Dual Peripheral Driver
.65
LM75453 Dual (LM351)
LEDS
MV 10
5/1
MV 50
6/1
MV 5024 5/1
MAN -1 1.95
MAN -3 .95
MAN-4 1.95
MAN -7 1.50
DL 33 1.95
01 74 7
2.50

POWER SUPPLY KITS

Variable Power Supply
Amp
5 to 25 Volt
g1

FIXED POWER SUPPLY

it

1
Amp Specify one of the
ten available voltages plus
Plus Voltage:
5-6-12-15-24
Minus Voltage: 5-6-12-15-24
-

Less

Chassis $16.95 per

Kit

Altaj Electronic Bargains

PRICES SLASHED! WE WANT YOUR BUSINESS. SATISFACTION GUARANTEED ON EVERY ITEM
MM5314 NATIONAL CLOCK CHIP
The most popular clock chip around. We
made a huge special purchase of factory
fresh, prime units. Lowest price in USA.
24 Pin DIP. 4 or 6 Digits. With Specs.
$3.94 EACH [3 For $10]

RCA STYLE C-MOS

C D4012-444
CD4002-394
CD4013-894
CD4017-1.95
CD4009-754
C D4011-394
C D4001-394

DIGITAL ALARM CLOCK IC

The newest and easiest to use alarm chip
on the market today. Features:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Order #70250

Single supply voltage.

LED Intensity control
Simple time set.
4 or 6 Digit LED Display
AM -PM Indication
24 Hr. Alarm.
10 minute snooze.
Outperforms MM5316

7805 STYLE REGULATORS

TO -220 Plastic Case 5VDC Regulator.
Brand New by National
894

GE POWER

CT7001 BY CAL -TEX

$8.95

JUMBO LED READOUT

Twice the size of regular readouts. .65
inches. Like Litronix DL747. Outperforms
and easier to read than SLA -3, only 20
MA per segment. Our best readout for

digital clocks.
$2.95 ea (6 FOR $15) Common Anode

OPCOA SLA -1 LED READOUT

.33 In. character. Left decimal pt. Uses
7447 driver. Easier to read than MAN -1.
Factory prime units. Best Price in USA!
$.95 ea.

CALCULATOR CHIP BONANZA

PRICES SLASHED!
The newest and easiest to use chips
available today. Made by famous US mfg.
All are 28 pin DIP. Features: direct LED
segment drive, low power consumption,
internal keyboard debounce, internal
clock oscillator, single supply voltage,
internal keyboard encoding, and floating
decimal point. Does not require many
external components as do older types
like CT5001, 5002, 5005, etc. We offer the
most sophisticated functions for the
lowest price anywhere.
Chip #1
8 Digit, Constant, Six Function ( =, -, x, +,
$5.95
Chip #2
8 Digit, Memory, Six Function
$7.95
(- x, +
Chip #3
8 Digit, Memory, Six Function
(= -, x, + %, 1/x)
$6.95
,

VDC

Voltage Regulator. Brand New

By National 95$

$6.95 (2 FOR $12)

Digital alarm clock chip with calender

feature. 4 or 6 digits. Also has timing
circuitry for radio ON -OFF control factory fresh.

LM309K
1
AMP

TO -3 Case,

%,)

DIGIT LED READOUT ARRAY

Like Litronix DL -33. 3 MAN -3 style read3

outs in one package. Factory new units.

Designed for calculators. Special
$1 .19 (3 Digits)

TRANSISTOR ASSORTMENT
Plastic power devices. Includes NPN and
PNP, darlingtons, high voltage, high
current, and various other types. Cases
are color coded for easy sorting. Untested but includes many useable units.
SPECIAL

20 FOR $1

7408-16

7410 -164

7413-494
7420 -164
7430-16
7437 -394
7438 -394

7440 -164
7442 -694
7445 -694
7447 -854
7448 -854
7473 -394
7474 -38C
7475 -694
7476 -424
7483-794
7490 -754

7492 -854

7493-854
74121-38C
74123-661t
74150-69C
74151-694
74153-95C
74154-956
74157-1.19
74161 -1.15

74164-1.29

74165 -1.50
74174-1.75
74175-1.49
74181 -2.75
74192 -1.25
74193-1.25
74195-954

CALCULATOR BASIC KIT WITH TI CHIP

Includes case with matching all function
keyboard, and 9 digits of LED readouts
plus a Texas Instruments TMS 103 NC
calculator chip. (Same style chip as in TI
Datamath calculator). All the basics for
building your own hand held calculator.
$11.95 Kit Quantity Limited.
Special

BURROUGHS PANAPLEX

II

12 DIGIT READOUT

TTL IC ASSORTMENT
Various types. Most are marked. Our best
selling assortment. Untested but includes many useable devices.
200 PCS FOR $3.95

TIP -3055 BY TI

Plastic version of 2N3055. NPN Silicon.

Neon 7 segment readout.

Latest design for calculators, etc. Requires 160 VDC. Right hand decimals.
Brand new, factory fresh. We include
mating socket FREE. Special
$5.95
NOTE: With purchase of above readout
array we offer motorola 2N5401 PNP High
Voltage driver transistor for 104 each.
#BR13251

894

IN4002
IN4007

AMP SILICON RECTIFIERS

--

100 PIV -1000 PIV

8
17d

ZEN ERS
400MW
3.3V
IN746
400MW
IN752
5.6V
YOUR CHOICE
8 FOR $1

--

--

PLASTIC DRIVER TRANSISTORS

For clocks or calculators.
NPN 2N3906 -PNP
2N3904
YOUR CHOICE

FOR

$1

MAN -3 LED READOUTS

Brand new, factory prime units. .12 in.
character. Common cathode. Perfect for
calculators. 3 FOR $1 Best Price Anywhere!

PRIME TTL DIP IC'S

7400 -164
7402 -164
7404-164
7406 -24

MINI CORE MEMORY SPECIAL

Mfg. by DATARAM. Stores 180 words of
18 bits each. With sense amps and
associated drive circuits. A complete
memory system. We include 50 pages of
data and schematics. Data only $2.50
Brand New. Special $24.95

DIGITAL WRIST
WATCH CRYSTAL
Brand new, mfg. by CTS -KNIGHT. 32.768
KHZ. Standard, most popular type.
Special $2.50 ea.

74197-1.25'
NI -CAD BATTERY SPECIAL
Two cell pack. 2.75 V. Capacity is 250 MA
Hours. Two of these packs make a great
supply for TTL. 958 ea.

Circle 90 on reader service curd

REGULATED DC POWER SUPPLY

Brand new by wanlass. DC output 17 to
30 V. Rated 60 WATTS out. Our tests
show these units will put out 12 VDC by
changing one resistor. #OEM 60 -3. Original cost $57.50. In original factory boxes,
with specs. Special $14.95

FACTORY NEW LED'S

Jumbo Red -Like MV5024 -8/$1

Jumbo Green -Like MV5222 -51$1
Jumbo Yellow -5/$1
Mini Red -Like MV50 -10/$1
ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITOR SPECIAL
220 MFD at 25 WVDC. AXIAL Leads by
GI. Brand New 8 FOR $1

MINIATURE SWITCH
Rocker style. Small size. SPDT. Perfect
for use on digital clocks.
4

FOR $1

Our lower prices and superior quality

have made ALTAJ one of the fastest
growing electronic suppliers in the USA.
Put your trust in our unconditional
money back guarantee.

ALTAJ ELECTRONICS
P.O. BOX 38544
DALLAS, TEXAS 75238
TERMS: Check or money order. No COD.
Add 10% Pstg. and Hdlg. Tex Res. add
5 %.

INTERNATIONAL ELECTRONICS UNLIMITED

MICROPROCESSORS
making available for the first time anywhere an extremely versatile 16 bit microprocessor kit. The basic kit includes all necessary
components to build a 16 bit microprocessor. Optional memory boards are available allowing possible expansion of the basic system to
microcomputer or minicomputer proportions.
IEU

A
B

D
E

is

Basic Kit Includes:

PRICE (basic kit)
$349.50
printed circuit boards (compatible with 22 pin edge connectors
not supplied)
microprocessor chip set
gates, interface elements, clock drivers, etc.
transistors, diodes, capacitors
75 page data package which includes an introduction to

Available Options
power supply component pkg.
memory board #1 (employs 1101 rams)
memory board #2 (employs 1101 rams and 5203 erasible
PROMS)

Basic Data Package

available separately
refundable with purchase of basic kit

microprocessors, all necessary data sheets and extensive data

on the workings and applications of microprocessor chips.

$5.00

TRANSISTORS
DEVICE

FUNCTION

PWR AMP

40411

CROSS REF

40636
2N3714
2N3715
2N5320
2N5322
2N5321
2N5323

RF PWR AMP

SPECIFICATIONS
HEP

SK

AUDIO

FIFE

35.100

3036
3027
3036
3036

704
704
704

3512

53002

3512
3513

53010

2N5679 (P)
2N5681
40594
40595 (PI
2N5781 IPI
255784
255864 (P)
40348
40544

252895

PWR DRIVER
Audio/RF

53031
-

AUDIO DRIVER

3024
3025

53002
53031
53002

RF & Audio

3044
3045

GEN PURP AMP

243

RF & Audm

3024

2N930A
2N2219A

Lo-None
Aud,o-UHF Amp /SW

252846

3039
3024
3024

50
53001

High Speed Sw

VHF /UHF Amp

VHF /UHF RF Amp
VHF /UHF Mix, Osc
VHF /UHF IF Amp
LoNoise, Amp.

3039

56

Ose. Mot, Cony

3039

709

3039

709

253933

2590
50150
30-130

HF GEN PURP

40894

40895
40897
255179

25918

VHF /UHF Amp

2N2905A(P)

MIS, Con
DC. VHF. Amp
HI Sp Sw

3039
3039
3039

3025

Manufacturers' (SK

90

80
60

100
80

40-250
40-250

75
75
50
50

40150
40150

100
100

VCBO

80

95

20-70

30130

(PI
PI

VCEO

95.

100

28.7
75
102
200
220
330
390

450
500
620
681

750
1
1

1.2
1.6
2
2

2.15
2.4
2.5
2.7
3.01
4
4.7
5.6
7.5

8.25
9.09
9.1
10
15

17.4
20
23.7
39
51

75
100
120
130

5%
5%

ohm
ohm
ohm

1%

ohm
ohm
ohm

ohm
ohm
ohm
ohm
Kohm

1%

5%

5%
10%
5%
5%
5%
5%
5%
1%
1%
1%
5%
1%
5%
1%

Kohm
Kohm
Kohm
Kohm
Kohm 5%
Kohm
1%
Kohm
1%
Kohm 5%
Kohm 5%
Kohm 1%
Kohm 5%
Kohm 1%
Kohm 5%
Kohm 5%
1%
Kohm
Kohm
1%
Kohm
5%
Kohm
1%
Kohm 10%
Kohm
1%
Kohm 5%
Kohm 2%
Kohm
1%
Kohm 5%
Kohm
1%
Kohm
1%
Kohm 5%
Kohm 5%

15
10
10

7.0
4.0
4.0

7.0

150
150

CASE

PRICE

TO-3
TO-3

S3.75
1.9$

4.0

TO-3

4.0

TO-3

2.59
2.75

-1.0

10
10
10
10

50
50
50
50

TO-5

75

1.0
1.0

TO-5
TO-5

1.65
1.75
1.65
1.65

-100
100

-4.0
4.0

1.0

-0.5
0.5

10
10

30
30

TO-5
TO-5

1.70
1.70

4.0
-4.0

2.0
-2.0

5.0

3.5

5.0
5.0
7.0
5.0

10
10
10
10

8.75
8.75
7.0

1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
50
1.6
100

TO-5
TO-5
TO-5

3.5

1.45
1.65
1.75
1.75
1.35
1.72

120
60
75
60

7.0
6.0
6.0
5.0

1.0

1.8
1.8
1.8
3.0

120
45
300
250

70-18

2.5
2.5
2.5

65
65
70

80
80
90

40

60

50'

1.0

1.5
1.5

0.5

0.7

40.120

65

100-300
75 -375
30 -120

60
40

60 -200

30

50-250
40-250

12

70250

12

40
20
20
20

25.250

12

20

2.5

20 Min

15

30

3.0

05

12

1.5

MHZ

2
2

95'

30

FREO

150
115

-2

03
.8
.8

002
05
05

100300
- 60
60
-5.0
RCA. HEP - MOTOROLA) Suggested Cross Reference.
708

1.0

TOT OIS
(WATTS)

5.0
-5.0

95

TOS

T0-5
TO-39
TO-5
TO-5

TO-18
TO-5
TO-5

.79

1.25
.95
1.05
1.55

TO-72
TO-72

05

750
1200
1200
800

TO-72

1.55
1.10
.95
.90

05

2000

TO-72

1.10

.3

600

TO-72

.95

3.0

200

TO-5

1.15

External

TO72

- ON HAND FOR IMMEDIATE SHIPMENT

Res

IRBE) + 100 OHMS

CAPACITORS

RESISTORS
ohm
ohm
ohm
ohm

15

7.0

TRANSISTORS ARE NEW, FIRST QUALITY, BRANDED DEVICES

15
15

181AI
AMP

30

75

20.100

50

AMP

5.0
7.0
7.0
7.0

100

70-350
70-350
20-100
25-500
30-125
35- 200

ICIAI

VEBO

1w Corning
25w Ohmite
1w Dale
8w Ohmite
Yew Corning
5w Intl. Tect.
%w Stackpole
',4w Stackpole
2w Allen Bradley
5w Dale

Film

1w Allen Bradley

C
C

'few
%w

Stackpole

Dale
Dale

hw Corning
10w Dale
1w Intl. Rect.
'/:w Stackpole

WW

Film
WW

Film
WW
C
C
C

Comp
Comp
Comp

WW

Comp
Comp
Film
Film
Film

WW

%w Dale

Comp
Comp
Film

5w Intl. Rect.

WW

/:w Corning
5w Intl. Rect.
25w Ohmite
5w Dale
w Electra

WW
WW
WW

''

10w Dale
w Corning
2w A.B.
' /:w

Burroughs
Yw Electra
%w Corning
2w A.B.
''

/:w Corning

'few

Stack pole

w Corning
1w A.B.

/.w Corning
w Corning
'/xw Burroughs
'%w Corning
'/zw Corning
Yew Burroughs
''

Yew

Stack pole

C
C

Film

Film
WW

Film
Comp
Comp
Film
Film
C Comp
Film
C Comp
Film
C Comp
Film
Film
C Comp
Film
Film
C Comp
C Comp
C
C

.0033
.0047
.0047

.08
.75
.25
.39
.15
.30
.07

.01

.02
.1
.1
.1
.1

.10

.5
1.0
2.0

.25
.30
.19
.10
.20
.20
.15
.35
.25

.10
.20
.30
.15
.50
.75
.30
.15
.35
.15
.25

.10
.15
.15
.25
.15
.07
.15
.19
.15
.15

.10
.15
.15
.10
10

4.0
5.0
10

30
60
1,000
1,000
2,000
6,000
50

mfd
mfd
mfd
mfd
mfd
mfd
mfd
mfd
mfd
mfd
mfd
mfd
mfd
mfd
mfd
mfd
mfd
mfd
mfd
mid
mfd
mfd

100V
100V
100V
200V
100V
600V
400V
200V
200V
400V
200V
200V
350V
25V
150V
300V
350V
100V
50V
15V
25V
285V

5% Skottie mylar axial

10% G.E. mylar axial
10% Gen. Inst. mylar axial
20% Aerovox paper axial
1% Sprague mylar axial
3% Aerovox paper axial

Aerovox paper axial

CDE paper axial
Aervox paper axial
mylar axial

10% Gen. Inst.

Aerovox axial
20% Aerovox axial
Sprague Elec axial
Gen. Inst. Elec axial
Sprague Elec axial
Mallory Elec axial
Mallory Elec axial

$ .10

.09
.09
.05
.15
.20
.20
.15
.15
.35
.20
.20
.45

.15
.30
.35
.75
Sangamo Comp grd can 2.65
Elec
CDE
axial
1.25
Mallory Elec can
.85
Sangamo Comp grd can 3.75
I.C.C. oil imp bathtub
.60

SWITCHES
SPST
SPST
DPST
DPST
DPST

4P3T

1A Momentary Return P.B.- A.H. &H.

15A Micro switch Flat leaf
5A Micro switch Pin plunger
10A Micro switch-mini Pin plunger
10A Pin plunger
6A Slide Stack pole

.25
.50
.75
.65
.65
.25

MISC. COMPONENTS
ohm 25w 5A Memcor wire wound pot.
/,w Boums EZ trim WW 30 turn pot.
Kohm Yew Boums EZ trim WW 10 turn pot.
MDA 962 Motorola fullwave bridge 10A-100V
AEX 43.1 TEC selenium Rectifier
IN 2990A Motorola 33V 1w zener diode
LA 2751 Fenwell Thermister 550.100
6113 Elwood Thermal
Panel Light PTT red DPST SW W/ Mount Tec
Panel Light red Neon W /NE 2 Bulb Snap Mount
4 Terminal Chassis Count Terminal Strip
Chassis Mount Cable Clamp Ye" Nylon
1

100 ohm
10

THESE COMPONENTS ARE NEW, UNUSED, FIRST QUALITY DEVICES

www.americanradiohistory.com

1.95
1.50
1.50

4.95
.05
1.95
.75
.75
.95
.45

10/.25
15/.25

INTERNATIONAL ELECTRONICS UNLIMITE

10% OFF ON

ORDERSOVER$25.00T

TTL

1
Ea.

Ea.

$1.15

74141 $1.23
74145 1.15

Ea.

7400
7401
7402
7403
7404
7405
7406
7407
7408
7409
7410

7447

$ .19

.19
.19
.19
.22
.22
.39
.39
.25
.25
.19
.29
.79
.39
.39
.39
.19
.29

7411

7413
7415
7416
7417
7420
7422

7423
7425
7426
7427
7430
7432
7437
7438
7440
7441

7442
7443
7444
7445

7446

7448

1.15

7450

.24
.27
.27
.39
.19
.39
.39
.36
.43
.43
.75
.47
1.11

7451
7453

7454
7460
7464
7465
7472

7473
7474
7475

7476
7483
7485

1.39

7486
7489
7490

.35
.39
.29

.44
2.75
.76
1.29
.79
.79
.89
.89

7491
7492

7493
7494
7495
7496
74100
74105
74107
74121
74122
74123
74125
74126

.35
.22

.29
.45
.39
.19
1.09
.99
.99
1.10
1.10
1.15

.89
1.65
.49
.49
.57
.53
.99
.69
.79

74150

1.09

74151

.89

74153
74154
74155
74156
74157

1.29
1.59
1.19
1.29
1.29
1.39
1.59
1.89
1.89
1.65
1.65

74161

74163
74164
74165
74166
74173
74176
74177
74180
74181

74182
74184
74185
74190
74191

74192
74193
74194
74195
74196
74197
74198
74199
74200

1.65

.99

1.09
3.65
.89

2.69
2.19
1.59
1.59
1.49
1.39
1.39
.99
1.85

.99
2.19

2.19
7.95

LOW POWER TTL

74L00
74102
74103
74L04
74106
74110

.33
.33
.33

74155
74171
74172

.33
.33
.33
.33
.33
.33

741.20

74130
74L42

74151

.33
.33

.49
.69
.69
.79
1.25
.69

7473
74174
74178
74185
74186

1.69

74190

1.69

74191

1.45

74193
74195
74198
741164
741165

1.69
1.69
2.79
2.79
2.79

74H21
74H22

.33
.33
.33
.33
.33
.33
.33

74H01

74H04
74H08
74H10
74H11

74H20

.33
.33
.33
.33
.33
.33
.39

74H30
74H40
74H50
74H52
74H53

74H55
74H60
74H61
74H62
74H72
74H74
74H76

.39

.39
.39
.39
.49

.59
.59

8000 SERIES TTL

8091
8092
8095
8121
8123
8130

.59
.59
1.39
.89
1.59
2.19

8214
8220
8230
8520
8551
8552
8554
8810

1.69
1.69
2.59
1.29
1.65
2.49

239
8210
3.49
9000 SERIES TTL
9309
9002
.39
9301
1.14
9312
8200

2.49

8811
8812
8822
8830
8831
8836
8880

.69
1.10

2.59
2.59
2.59
.49
1.33

.79
.89
.89

9601
9602

CMOS
J
74CO2

74C04
74C08
74C10
74C20
74C42
74C73

.39
.55
.75
.75
.65
.65

2.15
1. SS

74C74
74C76
74C107
74C151
74C154
74C157
74C160
74C161

1.15

1.70
1.50
2.90
3.50
2.19
3.25
3.25

380
3900
1103

.17
.23
1.69
.29
.55
1.80
1.95
1.75
.25

5260
5316

MAN66

MEMORIES
7489

256 bit RAM MOS

1024 bit RAM MOS
1024 bit RAM Low Power
64 bit RAM TTL

8223

Programmable ROM

1101

1103
5260

CALCULATOR &
DIG 4 funct fix dec
Same as 5001 exc buy pwr
12 DIG 4
w/mem
8 DIG 4 fund
funct chain & dec
18 pin 6 DIG 4 funct
8 DIG 5 funct K rMem
9 DIG 4 fund (btry sur)
28 pin BCD 6 dig mux
24 pin 1 pps BCD 4 dig mux
28 pin 1 pps BCD 6 dig mux

MM
MM
MM
MM
MM

5311

5312
5313
5314
5316

2.79
4.95
7.95
6.95
9.95
6.95
7.95
8.95

74C162
74C163
74C164
74C173
74C195
80C95
80C97

Jumbo Vis. Red (Red Dome)

ME4

Jumbo Vis. Red (Clear Dome)

Infra red diff. dome

MANI
MAN2

Red 7 seg..270"
Red alpha num .32"
Red 7 seg..127"
Red 7 seg..127" claw
Red 7 seg..190'
Green 7 seg..270"

MAN3A
MAN3M
MAN4
MAN5
MAN6
MAN7
MAN64
MAN66
DL707
MCD2

3.25
3.25
3.50
2.90
3.00
1.50
1.30

304
305

Neg V Reg
Pos V Reg

TO -5
TO -5
TO -5

81

$ .17
.17
.17

937
944
946

.25 ea.
.20
.33
.33
.60

1.09
69

949

.17

962
963

.17

$ .17
17

.17

4000 SERIES
RCA EQUIVALENT
CD4001
CD4009
CD4010
CD4011
CD4012

.55
.85
.85
.55
55

CD4013
CD4016
CD4017
CD4019
CD4022

1.20
1.25
2.95
1.35
2.75

CD4023
CD4025
CD4027
CD4030
CD4035

3.95

.79
.32
.79
-89

TO -3
TO-5 mDIP
mDIP TO -5
DIP
TO -3
DIP

.95
.35
1.10
1.65
1.19
1.05
1.29
1.35
1.95

DIP

1.69

TO -220
TO -5 or DIP
DIP
DIP

1.95
1.15
.79
3.25

mDIP

.59
2.69

mDIP TO -5
mDIP TO -5

Reg

(6V- 8V- 12V- 15V-18V -24V1

AGC/Squelch AMPL
AVIF Strip -detector
AM /FM /SSB Strip
Pos. V Reg
2w Stereo amp
2w Audio Amp

DIP
DIP

1.49

L oiiseDu;

DIP
382
DIP
Prec V Reg
550
DIP
mDIP
555
Timer
560
Phase Locked Loop
DIP
Phase Locked Loop
DIP
562
Phase Locked Loop
565
DIP TO -5
Function Gen
mDIP TO -5
566
567
mDIP
Tone Gen
709
Operational AMPL
TO -5 or DIP
Hi Speed Volt Comp
DIP
710
DIP
Dual Difference Compar
711
V Reg
DIP
723
739
DIP
Dual Hi Perf Op Amp
mDIP TO-5
741
Comp Op AMP
747
Dual 741 Op Amp
DIP or TO-5
mDIP
748
Freg Adj 741
1304
FM Mulpx Stereo Demod DIP
1307
FM Mulpx Stereo Demod DIP
mDIP
1458
Dual Comp Op Amp
LH2111 Dual LM 211 V Comp
DIP
DIP
3065
TV -FM Sound System
3075
FM Det -LMTR &
Audio preamp
DIP
3900
Quad Amplifier
DIP
3905
Precision Timer
DIP
7524
DIP
Core Mem Sense AMPL
7534
Core Mem Sense Amp
DIP
8038
Function Gen
DIP
.9 DIG Led Cath Drvr
8864
DIP
mDIP
Dual Peripheral Driver
75451
75452
Dual Peripheral Driver
mDIP
75453
Driver mDIP
(351) Dual
Quad Seg Driver for LED DIP
75491
75492
Hex Digit Driver
DIP

4.50
4.65
2.15

$ .17

6.95

preamp
Lo Noise Dual preamp

DTL
930
932
936

Op AMP (super 741)

Micro Pwr Op Amp
5V 1A regulator
V Follower Op Amp
Hi perf V Comp
HiS
Speed Dual Comp
Neg Reg 5.2, 12, 15
Quad Op Amp
Quad Comparator

Volt

.39
2.95

mDIP TO -5

Pos

1.35

TO -5

376
377

.79
1.15
2.15
2.95
6.95
1.35
3.95

Opto -so diodes

Opto -iso transistor

'

Volt follower

370
372
373

2.50
4.95

.6" high solid seg

Red 7 sags .270"
Yellow 7
70"
.4" high solid sseg
.6" high spaced sag
Red 7 seg..3"

MANE

Hi Perf

380

Red TO 18
Axial leads

Pos V Reg (super 723)

320
324
339
3401

8.95

MV10B
MV50
MV5020

2.95

302

311
319

8.45

24 pn 6 dig mux
40 pn alarm 6 dig

low power 16 pin DIP

6 digit, 50-60 Hz, 12 -24 hr.,
alarm -snooze alarm, presettable
sleep timer 40 pin DIP
Red, spaced seg, .6"- common
anode -LH dec (sep anode) -14 pin
DIP

301

309K
310

3.95
7.95

12

5002
5005
MM5725
MM5736
MM5738
MM5739

$ .19

300

307
308

CLOCK CHIPS w /data

5001

HI pert amplifier mini-dip

2W audio amp DIP
Quad amplifier DIP
1024-bit dynamic RAM MOS 18
pin DIP
1024-bit dynamic RAM MOS

LINEAR
CIRCUITS

1.75

4.95
3.95
2.75
4.95

.99
.89

Data sheets supplied on request

Add $.50 ea. for items less than $1.00

74C00

301

$ .35

Hex inverter DIP

Dual 4 input buffer DIP
AND OR INVERT gate DIP
Serial in parallel out
8 bit shift register DIP
7474 Dual D flip-flop DIP
74125 Tri state quad buffer DIP
74175 Quad D flip -flop w /clear DIP
8230 Tri state 2-4 line demultiplexer
DIP
p
8830 Dual line driver
8836 Quad 2 input receiver

7406
7440
7454
74164

LED & OPTO ISOLATORS

HIGH SPEED TTL

74H00

JANUARY SPECIALS

.55
.55
1.35
.95
2.85

1.79
1.79
.79
.99

2.75
2.75
2.65
2.75
2.95
.29
.39
.29
.69
1.19
.35
.79
.39
1.19
.82
.69
1.95
.69
.79
59
.65

1.89
2.59

5.95
2.50

.39
.39
.39
.79
.89

Data sheets supplied on request

Add $.50 for items less than $1.00

ALL IC'S & LED'S ARE NEW, UNUSED, MARKED, SURPLUS PARTS, TESTED FUNCTIONAL. SATISFACTION GUARANTEED.

//I

master charge

__

sow

/,,.I,1

postage paid in U.S., Canada

Shipment will be made via first class mail
and Mexico -within three days from receipt of order. Minimum order
$5.00. California residents add sales tax.

'

'

INTERNATIONAL ELECTRONICS UNLIMITED

MONTEREY, CA. 93940 USA
PHONE (408) 659 -4773

P.O. BOX 1708

Circle 91 on reader service card

iii

103

BURRUOGHS DIGITAL COUNTER

GREGORY ELECTRONICS

The FM Used

BURROUGHS Series C2506

Decade Counter, with memory.
&w..
Complete 20 Mhz counter.
"ia
requires only power supply.
Choice of 4,5, 6,or 7 decades.
'
--.each decade consists of a counter
strobed latch, and decoder driver.
Can be driven by TTL or DTL circuitry. Readouts,(included) are Burroughs
B5755R.Ideal as foundation for frequency
counters, clocks, DVMs, thermometers etc.Our price is about
1/3 of distributor price. Change input IC, and counter becomes
a 150 Mhz. counter All readout tubes and data included.
STOCK NO.J5134T
C2506 -4
4 decades
$29.50
STOCK NO.J5135T
C2506-5
5 decades
$36.00
STOCK NO.J5136T
C2506 -6
6 decades
$42.00
STOCK NO.J5137T
C2506-7
7 decades
49.00

.-

Equipment People.

r-----

SEND FOR NEW 1975 CATALOG

JUST ARRIVED ...

R.C.A. transmitter, receiver and power strips for L.D.,
"E" Line Super-Carfone and Super -Fleetfone.
Call or write for more information.

GENERAL
ELECTRIC

COMPLIMENTARY POWER XISTOR ASSEMBLY

Heat sink assembly contains 2 silicon
PNP TI 2N2904 power transistors, and
a complimentary NPN power transistor. Transistors are mounted in sockets,
and rated at 87 watts.Characteristics
of these transistors are identical to 2N
3055, except Bv.ceo is 40 volts.
Additional NPN complimr ^tar, transistors are available
Current catalog price of above transistors is $3.35 ea.
i

STOCK NO.F9034 3 transistor assembly $3,50 ea. 3/9.00

STOCK NO.F9034A with additional NPN Xistor, 4.25, 3/11.00

T.P.L.
SOLID STATE
TWO-WAY
RADIOS
(Specfly frequency range)
FE /RE 52, JAI, 2. or 3 series,
25 -50 MHz 12 volts. 35 watts.
Iront or rear mount, fully solid
state receive. 3 tubes In transmitter, fully narrow band, complete with accessories

MHz.

fully narrow band, complete

with accessories

$19800

s17800

HIGH STABILITY CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR

(specify frequency range)

FE /RE 72, JAI. 2 or 3 series.
25 -50 MHz. 12 volts, 100 watts,
front or rear mount, fully solid
state receive, 4 tubes in trans
mutter, fully narrow band, complete with accessories

VECTRON CO -213 Crystal Oscillator Module. 10 Mhz.Requires

5 VDC supply, and is compatible with TTL & DTL circuitry.

Stability @ 25 C is .00059. 11/2 "x11/2"x1/2", with data.
STOCK NO.F5213
$9.95 ea.
2/18.00

Include sutticient postage: Excess refunded. Write for new

catalog 13, just of the press & loaded.

FE /RE 73. JA6 series, 150 -174

MHz. 12 volts, 80 watts. front

or rear mount, fully solid state
receive, 3 tubes in transmitter,

fully narrow band complete

with accessories

s28800

DELTA ELECTRONICS CO.

Phone

/RE 53. JA6 series, 150 -174

12 volts. 35 watts. front
or rear mount, fully solid state
receive. 4 tubes in transmitter.
FE

$29800

GREGORY ELECTRONICS CORP.

249 Rt. 46, Saddle Brook, N. J. 07662
Phone: (201) 489 -9000

(617) 388 -4705

Circle 92 on reader service card

BRGAR

Hard -to -beat

prices

Computer grade

QUAN

MFD.

4000
10000
10000
28000

20000
1100

15
35

80

450
350

100

VDC

aecTrorncs
MALLORY

Capacitors

SIZE
2x2 -1/2
1- 3/8x2 -1/2
1- 3/8x2 -1/2
1- 3/8x2 -1/2

World

.90
.90

General Electric Tubular Electrolytics

Metal Case - High Quality
VDC
Each
MFD.
VDC
Each
6
$1.02
80
150
.90
10
1.07
16
250
.95
15
1.10
40
250
1.00
15
1.10
100
250
1.39
25
1.40
200
250
1.50

1200
1500
1500
2000
2000
100
200
250

50
50
50
50
80

300
100
300

.95
.98

30

30
40

1.07
1.07

.90

15
20

1.00

100
150

350
350
350
450
450
450

a little
gift
today.
Blood.

CGS

Price Ea.
$1.20
1.00

BRAND NEW
MFD.

JOHNSON AM system, base and mobiles.

Crystalled 37.10 with tone alert. Bids accepted until 4 p.m., February 28, 1975.
Contact: DENNIS CLARKE, 621 Garfield,
Oak Park, IL 60304 or 312-848 -6602 for

Give
the

wriE NOT LION... QUALITY COMPONENTS

TheGood
Neighbot

Its

working

.90

BUILD A 'SPACE -ACE" TV CAMERA I!

known sabd.srate camera variable in MI form
ideal for eaperi ennrs.
assembled
etc
Completely settcontained
Connects to any TV set ..,bout
Only
or

modification
510 qualm performance backed
Fully Guarby yews of lab and field testing

step-by-step
Easy-ro-understand
assembly manual
Model XT-I A. Series U complete with n dieon tube only 51E
00
Postpaid
6
anywhere in GSA. Canada and Mexico
delivery
audio subcarner also available. 529.9.
Optional

PHONE or WRITE for CATALOG.. DMA( 402-987.3111

ATV Research

21133.

RECONDITIONED test equipment. $0.50

for catalog. WALTER, 2697 Nickel, San Pablo,
CA 94806
A NEW

INSTRUMENT TO USE WITH YOUR SCOPE

MULTITRACER
Use wdb your present Oscdioscope to trace

Resistors. Capacitors. Transformers. Diodes.

TransrstorS. Zone's. Tng,stors. most Semieon
doctors. IC's. etc. Also Shows continuity, In
Complete with
circuit and go /no -go checks.
diagrams and instructions. No internal scope
connections. For medium or small production
r for hobbyist. eapert"enter. engineer.
run
or ha4i.
ONLY 519.95 -CHECK OR MONEY ORDER

e
10

MAIL COUPON FOR

elecrorucs

FREE!

Alice Street, Binghamton, New York 13904

Circle

104

cata

W:1Y PAY MORE?

Nees._

BOX

Addrer
city

Tel.: 607- 723-3111

SEND CHECK OR MONEY ORDER

MIN. ORDER
I

S10.00

93 on

Zip
Sup.
mcoude postage, !goss refunded.

reader service card

DAKOTA WY, NEBR. 68731

SALE! Logic probe kit with memory less

case $10.95 p.p. MJH ELECTRONICS, Rt.
3, Cedar Hills, Cambridge, OH 43725
TWENTY disc, or 10 bar magnets, $1.00.
MAGNETS, Box 192-E, Randallstown, MD

TRYGON POWER SUPPLY - MODEL PS -12 -4 SOLID STATE

Price Ea. $160.00
12 vdc, 4 amps
0 tO
OUTPUT

BRGAR

factory

industry education

Boa 453 -RE

to you

1.07
1.14

445, Bentonville, AR 72712.

Red Croad

Thanks

.98

VOICE descramblers, several models to

operate with any scanner or monitor receiver, tone signaling encoders and decoders, other items and kits. Send 25
cents for new catalog. KRYSTAL KITS, Box

anteed

.90

1.14
1.14

details.

The United Way

f

"1===

R9

14. LESCO

ELECTRONICS. SKOKIE. ILL.

60076

JAPANESE transistors, wholesale prices,

free catalog. WEST PACIFIC ELECTRONICS,
Box 25837, W. Los Angeles, CA 90025.

"ALL LED" MONSANTO

MAN-3

THE SIMPLEST! FINEST! SMALLEST!

POLY PASS

READOUTS

BLUE RIBBON

6- FUNCTION AC -DC
CALCULATOR KIT!

/ olfity
MAN -3

MONSANTO
TYPE

CHAR.
HT.

.27
.32
.12
.60
.4

MAN -1
MAN -2
MAN -3
MAN -6
MAN -64

17

MAN7
-27
`35 LEI) matrix

WRISTWATCH

$3.50
95

20 -Years of Economy!

for $12.
for $ 9.
3 for $ 3.
3
3

1.50

.p

..o

/16-

socket,

1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.98
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.49
1.00
1.00
1.00

33-

COUPLERS
wostn FAMOUS
SEMI -KON

MC72, 1500V Isolation photo transistor

22- MCD2, 1500V isolation phot diode ass

Dollar Stretchers

-5316 CLOCK CHIP, hobby

2 -5005 MEMORY CALCULATOR CHIPS. 2x -pin
Il 5.555 TIMERS, mini DIP, hobby
1

Keyboard

asics-_

\ii
\ 1

,-

$1
11
51

2- Sylvania 15.000V Matchstik TV rectifier, 4" x s with leads S1.

ER900 TRIGGER DIODES for SCRs & Triacs
5
$1FET'S 2N5457 N channel 5000 amhos, TO-92 plastic
2
$1.
10
1N914 fast switch diodes, '!icon, 4 nanoseconds
$1.
2
6 AMP TRIAC 200 PRV, TO-5
51.
ITT MICRO MINI RECTIFIERS silicon porcelain to 1KV
50
$1.
50
WORLD'S SMALLEST RECT. & zeners, 1W, assorted volts $1.
4 -6000 PIV 50 mil epoxy rectifiers, axial leads
$1
10- BENDIX 25 WATT "pellet" power transistors, silicon 51
3- DARLINGTON, powers, plastic, HFE up to 60K, 6W, 30V ---- Si.
10 POWER TABS, plastic includes Darlingtons, HI AMP, HI V
51.
1
2N5036 HI-PWR plastic trans 100 viceo, 7 amp 85 watts
Si.
4 2N5296 HOBBY. 35 watts, plastic powers, NPN
51.
2N6109 HOBBY, 40 watts, plastic powers, PNP
Si.
PLASTIC 35W powers, npn, silicon, hobby 2N6121
5
$1.
PLASTIC 35W powers, pnp, silicon, hobby 286124
S
$1.
2
MOS FETS, N channel 10K urnos 3N128, TO -18, RCA
Si,
MOS
FETS,
2
DUAL GATE, N chan. 3N187, TO-18, RCA
$1.
2
NOS FETS, DUAL GATE, N chan..3N140, TO -18. RCA
$1.
4
RCA 2N3600 NPN, UHF transistors, to-fro. TO-18, 1000me
51.
2
MPF -1000, Motorola MOS dual gate "The ('I,a"
51,
2
2N5655 200 hfe, 250 veer,, Cower tab $1.

----

4--

.....

--

fl

t,,-,--,I

*Plus

Color

RED
RED
GREEN
GREEN
YELLOW
YELLOW

Minus

./'`

Discount!

14 -Pin, DIP
5.45
-Pin. Side Mount1.01,
.50
016 -PIn, DIP
-5, 8 or 10 -Pins .29
-Pins (Mini DIP) .39
Ll

...

01'-14

TO

14 -Pin, Wire Wrap 691

16 -Pin, Wire Wrap 89c

ON
as

-or -more

sells

gonS1.

2- MONSANTO MAN -4, .19" char.. 1 -or -more sego missing. red
5- MONSANTO MAN -3, .12" charac. red. 1 or more seas missing.
2
3 -DIGIT NATIONAL READOUTS, some digits goo,!..
10- SPRAGUE DIPS, LINEAR OP AMPS, 2111 series,
s, 2120 series
1- MAN -3, "THE CLAW ", one dot missing, 100 ^r perfect
4 -DUAL 709. dip pak, op amps, untested
10 RCA CA -3000 OP AMPS. TO-5 case

5030
5031
TMS -0128
MM 5725
MM 5736

INTEGRATED CIRCUIT SOCKETS

Buy Any 3
Take 101/4

12-Digits. 28 -pin,
with :1- function memory
4- Function with '7

CT
CT

for $18.
for $18.

for $ 7for S 7. '

3forS
3

6.

$4.95
6.50

for $12.

7.50
9.95
6.95
9,95
4.95
4.95

3
3

for $21.
for $24.

.1- Function

Only
4- Function by Texas
8- Digits, .lfund LED
6- I)igits, 28 -pin, 9V

3 for $18.

3 for 518.
3

for $24.

3 for 512,
3 for $12,

XENON FLASH
STROBE
$1.95
TUBE
Sold elsewhere for
eral times our price. This tube
of extremely high e intensity.
This compact tube dea power strong burst of
light when triggered.
Requires
electrodee
2
hi trigger 1 volts.
and guaranteed to flash. Ideal withehookup, schematic
for slave photo flash,
strobe light, auto daylight timing
light, emergency
flasher, aircraft warning
rn
light, etc. Flash duration I ms

livers

CLOCK CHIPS

--

30 mils

Type
SLA -3H
SLA -4H*
SLA -13
SLA -14*
SLA -23
D SLA -2 0f

MM5311

MM5312
MM5313
MM5314
MM5316

$1.
51.
$1.
.S1-

51.
51.

SI.

Low.

"DIP"

as

4 -digit 24 -Pin
6 -digit
6 -digit

28 -PIn
24 -PIn

4 -digit 40 -Pin, alarm

LM-319
-

LM320
LM-340
LM380

LM-381
LM-703
LM-703M

Buy

1.50

1.19
1.25

2.50
1.39
1.69
-41
.41

LM-709
LM.710

-25

1.18-723

.81

LM711

.29
.29

LM-725

.68

6.99
3.95
9.95

LM-1450
.69
LM-1496
99
LM-3028
1.50
LM-3900
.49
LM-4250C 2.10

for $75.

6 DIGIT

6.99
6.99
6.99

LM733
1.75
LM-741
.32
LM741CV -31
LM1303
.79
LM-1304
1.10
LM-1307
.79

NATIONAL
LINEAR
OP AMPS
LM309K

$29.95

$6.99

WITH DATA SHEETS

6 -digit 28 -Pin
$6.99

MM5316 -A no alarm
4- 6- digits
CT7001
Alarm K Calendar

,33" charac.

- ,W

3
3

'CALCULATOR CHIPS'

12- Digits, 40 is
9 -Volt version of 5001

CT 5001
CT 5002
CT 5005

3 for $6.1

Ti

10-

red,

LOWEST PRICES
ON NATIONAL

for 513.
O to 9
0.7 character

Order by

*, MAN -1,

517.95.

ANY CASE for above Calculator Basics 52.50

CALCULATOR ACCESSORIES
$6.95
Texas Instrument Keyboard
Wild Rover Keyboard
$6.95
P.C. Boards "stated" In above kits
$2.50
AC ADAPTERS FOR CALCULATORS
$2.95
9 -Volt Charger & Converter
52.95
1.2 VDC
2A for Nlcad Batteries

THREE QUARTER
INCH DIGITS
IBY OPCOA

....

2 -OPCOA SLA -1

78-

a.1

$19.9 5.

eludes diagram, $19.95.

MINI CALCULATOR BASIC KIT
4-Function Same
as KIT 76 except less percentage and constant.

DIGIT
BASICS

__

-PHASE LOCK LOOPS, hobby 565, 560, 561$1.

..
10-TO -5 Case 536, 540, 565, 507, 741
51.
Si.
10 - LINEAR AMPS, 709, 710, 711, 741, TO -5
*err
S1.
3 -1 -WATT AUDIO AMPLIFIERS, Westinghouse. 7'O -6
5
HOBBY MEMORY CELLS, SN7481, up to 16 -cell, DIP`
$15-MOS REGISTERS_ 501 to 5011, TO -5, Mini -DTP's'
S1io - "C" MOS IC's, 74C and CD4000 series, DIP pak* ..
Si.
51.
10 -MINI DIPS. OP AMPS, 709, 741, 301. 307, hobby'
-5
SIGNETIC
555,
VIPs,
TO
10OP AMP, 531, 533, 536, 550,
1
-5311 -14 CLOCK ON A CHIP, 4 -or -6 digit, 24 -or -28 -pin'
S1.
2 -CALCULATOR ON A CHIP, hobby, exp. 40 -pin, apers'MM5005 Si.
$1.
2-MM5736 6 -Digit Calculator on a Chip, hobby
Si.
FAIRCHILD- NATIONAL, 9000 Series ICs, dips. hobby
Si.
5 -IBM IC's with pc hoard, many parts, from computers
51.
iAM RADIO.ON -A -CHIP, by Sprague, DIP, u test 'em
4 -DUAL 2 -WATT " Stereo -Amp -On -A- Chip ",falloutlSprague, c test Si.
Si.
2 -OPCOA SLA -11*, like MAN -5, green, 1 -or -more seas gone
2.OPCOA SLA -3H, 0.7 charac. readout, -or -more segs missing. SI.
51.
5- MONSANTO opto isolators, no test, 1500V
10 -LED HOBBY SURPRIZE, asst. types, factory rejects, no test Si.
.

Includes diagram

"TEXAS INSTRUMENT" BASIC KIT /7

includes Texaske,board, 1K5149, .standard 4- functio,
With T-I calculator chip TMS -0128, p.c. hoard, cas e.
lens. M irroswi!ch Ion -off I. 9 -digit ANTEX array; in

6 -8 -12

(Hewlett Packard,.

-digit areal

8 -DIGIT

CHIP

I.C. & LED HOBBY -ONICS

Li

LOW PRICED

i.

MAKE YOUR OWN

CALCULATORS
WITH OUR

....

----

world
8 -DIGIT MINI CALCULATOR BASIC KIT 1'6
smallest. Nceds least amount of components to sample!
kit. Includes ('T -5030 chip, mini case, with lens, Le)
ff and constant switches A percentag,
board, with on-off

Includes l'7- 5,0:1I clip,

e- ---3

PHOTO TRANSISTOR, with darhngton amp filler,

PHOTO TRANSISTORS. w all darling ton amp. 215777, OE
PHOTO CELLS, ('lairex, pancake, :10K -70 ohms

READOUTS

---

Key parts include: CT5001

12 DIGIT BASIC jf4
chip, 4 -3 digit readouts, factory etched PC board, case.
cas
2- resistor networks, decimal switch.
ild Rover Keyboard with ON -OFF switch diagrams.
Sale $24.95

lJ

sides

plus sheets.
$16.95
Basic 51 except alculo!',
BASIC KIT 12
same
CI 516.95
chip is National 8 -digit MM5 7 25same as Basic fj1 except calculati,,
BASIC KIT 13
chip is National 6 -digit DMM 57:36 and 75492.
$16.95

l/1

2
4

.:

/\

$1
$1
$1

HOBBY

Calculator

10 -741 OP AMPS, mini DIP HOBBY ..

2 2N5296 35 -WATT NPN PLASTIC TRANSISTORS, for NE -540 $1.
2N6109 40 -WATT PNP PLASTIC TRANSISTORS, :or NE540 $1.
10 -1N82 GERMANIUM UHF diode, clip -in type
51$1,
2 -EPDXY 2 -AMP SILICON BRIDGE RECT. 1000 V "comb. type"
10 -MOS FETS, 3N187, 3N200, 3N128, TO -18, Fairchild.
$1.
5 -SCRS & TRIACS up to 25 amps, 6 -12 -24 pry, studs too
$12N3819, Texas, N channel, 6600 umho TO -18
S1.
a
2 - 2N2646 UNIJUNCTIONS, plastic transistors, Texas
$1.
SO
SILICON, glass rectifiers, computer, axial leads
$1.
50
GERMANIUM. glass rectifiers, signal, axial leads
$1.
$1.
1 -AMP 1000 Ply,
poxy, submini, silicon rectifiers
12V rectifiera ,et
$1.
1 -W ZENERS, axiale 4, 8, 9, 10,
SO
$1.
4
2N30S5, HOBBY. 40W npn silicon transistors. TO -3
-AMP RECTIFIERS. silicon, epoxy, assorted V. axial'
S3.
30
1

'

PC boards

ca
all -fonction Flex Kc:
KIT d1
GET KEY THE PARTS! BASIC
Keyboard, Cal Tech CT5002 scalculator .hip, J-dlg
Antes. LEI) display with built -on individual magnifiers.

$1

2--

kit is even parked in a multicolor anewlively designed box that in itself tells the m
calculator .story. Kit includes: attractive black case with red
filter: Flex Key (type 20SK -66) 18 key keyboard that
measures only 2t,'z x 2" with 2 switches, one for ON.
OFF, one for K constant; MAIN Pc board; read,.
hoard: famous Cal Tech 5030 26 -pin calculator chip;
r two 754111 'c drivers; Hewlett Packard 9 digit array:
ac jack: 9 Volt battery connector resistors; two traps s
rs
back protective plate; necessary wire plugs.
_sass.
,:,., in.arnrur,na. Less 9 volt standard battery anJ
AC
."l "l' "'r' EASIEST KIT TO BUILD
The entire

Case

[=5I -C

LoCClE
L7OGLl

GIANT
SALE ON LED'S fillf
LIGHT EMITTING DIODE GaAs INDICATORS

TO -18, dome. green, visible

green small dome, green dill. lite
H 3 -MV3, micro-mini 'pin head' dome, TO -18. green lite
3 -MV3, visible, "coax pin pak ", red, mini dome lens
5- MV10B, visible. red, clear dome lens TO-I8
!j 5- MV1OC, visible, red, diffused. dome lens, TO -18
8 -meso, s lid leads, micro-mini dome, clear. red, TO -18
3 -MV52, n
axial green lens, green lite
3 -MV53,
axial yellow lens. yellow lite
o,
axial leads, red lens, red lite
Li S -MV54, to
5 -MV55, m cr -mini
axial leads, red lens, red lite
fl 5MV5012, ' red small dome lens, red lite, TO -18
15- MV5013, sm. dome, 2 hi red dome. soft ed diff, lite, TO-I8
5- MV5020, jumbo clear dome, visible, red, rTO 18
5- MV5054,d jumbo dome lens, TO -18 red lite, upright
5- MV5080, TO -18, micro -mini red dome, red lite
sass
L 5- MV50A0, TO -18, micro -mini flat clear lens, red lite
1- MV5094, red bi- polar, solid state lamp V to 110- 115VAC -DC
L 3- MV5222, green jumbo dome, green lite, panel snap -in
MV5282, micro-mini, green lens TO -18, green lite
MV5322, yellow jumbo dome, yellow lite, panel snap -in
1- MV5491, jumbo. Tri -State. RED. GREEN, OFF. special
] 2 -MT2, ph.,,,, transistor. lights
r. TO 18

13

O17L;Eei
f.T.1EN.,hd

-MV2,
Il3
- 3 -MV2,

"slide -in -place

chrome slide face plate ".

same display as found in

Simplified indexing
Mark up and Mark down
Constant multiplication
and division
AC adaptor jack

digit, 7- .segment
1/16 x 11

/4". Includes readout,

True credit balance

Designed specifically for Poly Paks under the Dalton,

80 brand. IMAGINE! only 21'z x 1 x 4V ". Slides e silo
into your vest
handbag.
hunted
ctot fi t n calculator kit that ' can
be
mall, do the many functions, with fine engineering
design and SIMPLE TO BUILD! WHY? Because it has
the fewest parts in u kit. Imagine the pc board only
has the chip, 4 sistors. two transistors. two driver
with the 9 digit readout. SIMPLE! You bet it

LOWEST PRICES!

48 -HR. SERVICE

nl,.
1

Lightweight. pocket size

Extra large display
6 functions plus, minus,
times. percentage, constant
Floating decimal
Chain and Mix calculations

20 -Years of Business
INTEGRITY
20 -Years of Money -Hack

3 for $ 9.
3 for $14
3 for $ 2.50

4.50
3.50

LIQUID
CRYSTAL

MAN6.
MAN -64
SALE
Quantity
EACH
Discount

DIGITAL CLOCK
First time
offered! Mini design makes this
unit
adaptable toe bout any room
t home, office, lab, shop,
school. l'. s famous National , alock
chips. Cold anodized
e.

ns tru,ti,.n, l-Sioy
read num hers. Three pressure sensi!ivr .switches, for toHOLD,
1101
SECONDS, 12 "r 21
hours in rear of unit. Tilts IS RS
NOT A KIT! Completely
wired ready

to go. Size:

5 s 2

ruction guide booklet.

e

cycle opera,

WI

'

-"
I

Gift boxed, With

h.,

0/t'AC, 60

Terms: add pow, age Rated: net ',It

i 423
Phone Oilers: Wakefield, Mass. 61 7 2 -1
Retail: 16 -18 Del Carmine St., Wakefield. \lass.
(off Water Street C.O.D.'S MAY BE PHONED
1

POLY PAKS
1

555
562

565
568
567
RC4195

4136

Circle 94 on reader service card

www.americanradiohistory.com

-68

2.50
2.50
2.50
2.55
2.50
1.95

20e CATALOG on Fiber Optics, 'ICs', Semi's, Parts

54.00
MINIMUM ORDER

P.O. BOX 942R, LYNNFIELD,MASS.

01940

105

BURGLAR alarm police dialing unit $29.95.

TV ping pong game. Plays through your

set's antenna terminals. Plans $3.25. Also
available, 4- channel digital scope plans and
others. ARS SYSTEMS, P.O. Box 1922,
Sunnyvale, CA 94088

Automatic

emergency telephoning equipment. Free literature. S & S SUPPLY, Box

12375, North Kansas City, MO 64116.
FREE Bargain Catalog. Transistors, LED's,
readouts, micro-miniature parts, unusual
electronic components. CHANEY'S, Box

gi'oo

15431, Lakewood, CO 80215

Send For

4215

per

ORDER FREE

tube
IF

IN LOTS OF

New Hem,

IE

NOT SHIPPED
24 HOURS'

IM

100

TEKTRONIX 321A
Portable
All- Transistorized
3 ",
6MHz Triggered Scopes with 10:1
Probe
$450.00
5K, 10K, 25K, 50K, 100K

3/$2.00

$.75 ea.

MULTI -TURN TRIM POTS

Similar to Boums 3010 style, X.
x s," x 1%"; 50, 100, 500, 2000,
5000, 10,000 ohms.
$1.50 ea.
$3/$4.00
LIGHT ACTIVATED SCR's
TO -18, 200V

lA

$1.75

PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD

41/2" x 61/2" single sided

NIXIE TUBES

Similar to Raytheon 8650

tubes, with socket and data
3/$6 00
sheet
$2.25
TIS 73 N FET
2N4891 UJT
ER900 TRIGGER DIODES

2N6027 PROG. UJT

FLV 100 VISIBLE LED

ME-4 IR LED
MCD-2 OPTO -ISOL
GREEN GAP 051 -16 LED
RED GAP OSL -3 LED

5.50
$.40
5.90
5.60
$.40

14 PIN DIP SOCKETS

16 PIN DIP SOCKETS

S.40

Si icon Power
PRV

lA

100
200

.06
.07
.09
.11
.15
.20

400
600
800
1000

3A

ERASABLE PROM

.11

.16
.20
.25
.35
.45

.30
.35
.50
.70
.90
1.10

.80
1.15
1.40
1.80

2.20
2.60

REGULATED MODULAR
POWER SUPPLIES
-15VDC AT 100 ma,

115VAC INPUT
5VDC AT 1A, 115VAC
INPUT
IN 4148

$19.95
$19.95

14/$1.00

Terms: FOB Cambridge Mass. Send

Check or Money Order. Include
Postage. Minimum Order $3.00.
Send 20c

Elastometer

low

195K-6 keyboard having 0 -9,,

-, X, =, =, +C
with off, on switch.

Rectifiers
50A

$24.00

profile calculator keyboard. A

23/4" X 31/2" X r/z" flex key.

$.30 EA.

12A

$4.75

MM5203-2048 BIT

6.75 EA.

.4 WATT ZENERS
3.9, 5.6, 6.8 OR 12 V

.55

$3.50
.80
.65
$ .55
$ .55

$1.20
$1.25
$1.35
$2.25
$ .55
$ .55

1.35
.65

MAN -1, Red or Yellow

ROM

.SO

5/$1.00

buttons
$6.00

CALCULATOR CHIPS

$7.95

$1.35
Full Ware Bridges

740274037404- .22
7405- .22
7406- .37
7407- .37
7408- .24
7410- .18
7411- .30
7412- .45
7413- .75
7416- .37
7417- .37
7420- .18
7426- .30
7427- .33
7430- .18
7432- .30
7437- .44
7438- .37
7440- .21
7441 -1.05
7442-1.00
7445 -1.10
7446 -1.15
7447-1.15
7448 -1.20
7450- .18
7472- .40
7473- .43
7474- .43
7475- .75

74767480-

.47
.65

7483 -1.10
7485 -1.30
7486- .48
7489 -2.75
7490- .75
7491-1.30
7492- .75
7493- .75
7495- .99
7496- .95
8220 -1.50
74107- .50
74121- .60
74123 -1.00

74125 -1.40

74126 -1.40
74150 -1.15
74151- .95
74153 -1.10
74154 -1.65
74157 -1.25
74163-1.60
74164 -2.05
74165-2.05
74173 -1.80
74177-1.80
74181 -3.60
74192-1.50
74193 -1.45
74195 -1.00
75324 -1.75
75491 -1.10

8038C IC VOLTAGE CONTROLLED

64x7x5

$9.95

CHARACTER GEN.
2516
64x6x8 STATIC
CHARACTER GEN.

$9.95

SANKEN AUDIO POWER AMPS

6.40
Si 1010 Y 10 WATTS
Si 1025 E 25 WATTS
$17.95
Si 1050 E 50 WATTS
$24.95
FPA- 711 -These Photo Diode Arrays

100 ma spacing

$5.95

LINEAR CIRCUITS

TTL IC SERIES
.30
.18
.18
.18
.18

2513

--

are used to read seven level tape

CT5005 12 DIGIT

74L0074007401-

with direct frequency readout.

Totally unlike other portables.

$ .55
$ .65

$.40 SLA 3
400 1.15 1.50 5.00
50V 1000F ELECT
25V 30UF ELECT ....4/51.00 RED OR YELLOW $4.50 600 1.35 1.75 6.00
1103 1024 bit RAM
$4.75
5311
CLOCK CHIP 6 DIGIT BCD
NEC 6003 2048 bit RAM $9.50
HOLD COUNT, OUTPUT STROBE $7.75
1101 256 bit RAM
51.75
5314
CLOCK CHIP 6 DIGIT HOLD
8225 64 bit -write RAM $2.75 COUNT, OUTPUT STROBE ..........$7.75
8223 -PROGRAMMABLE
5316
ALARM CLOCK CHIP ..56.50

+,

5/$1 LED READOUT ....52.50

6A 25A
5 /$1 MAN -3 READOUT $1.75 PRV 2A
5 /$1 MAN-4 READOUT $2.00 200 .95 1.25 4.00

6V 30UF TANT
20V 4.7UF TANT
12V ]OUF ELECT

10 WATT ZENERS

3.9, 4.7 OR 5.6

.70

NPN Si 10-3
$1.00
NPN Si 10-92
4/$1.00
PNP Si TO-92
4/$1.00
NPN Si TO-220
$ .50
PNP Si 10-220
$ .55
$ .60
2N4898 PNP Si TO-66
MJ2252 NPN Si 10-66 .............5 .90
2N3638 NPN Si 10-5
5/51.00
4/51.00
2N2218A NPN Si TO -5

Conductive

New concept in 9-volt battery

shortwave portable
featuring
0.5-30 MHz continuous tuning

(DIODE CLAMPED)

CD 4001
CD 4002
CD 4009
CD 4010
CD 4011
CD 4012
CD 4013
CD 4016
CD 4019
CD 4022
CD 4023
CD 4025
CD 4027
CD 4030
CD 4050

2N3055
2N3904
2N3906
2N5296
2N6109

$.75

VERIPAX PC BOARD
This board is a rfe" single sided
paper epoxy board, 4 % "x6'/,"
(standard veripax), DRILLED and
ETCHED which will hold up to
21 single 14 pin IC's or 8, 16
or LSI DIP IC's with busses for
power supply connections. Is
also etched for 22 pin connector.
$5.25

C /MOS

74C 02
74C 165

3/51.00
4/$1.00

MPSA13 NPN Si TO-92

MPS3393 NPN Si T0-92
2N3767 NPN Si TO-66
2N2222 NPN Si TO-18

6.50
$.50

Barlow Wadley XCR-30

12; $2.55. 2N5942, 2N6166; $16.00. ELECTRONIC DISCOUNT SALES, 138 N81 St.,
Mesa, AZ 85207

TRANSISTOR SPECIALS
2N256 PNP GE TO-3
$ .50
2N404 PNP GE 10-5
4/$1.00
2N1137B PNP GE TO-3
j .95
2N1016A NPN Si TO-82
$1.95

4/ 61.00

Fingertip Tuning

INTEL 8008; $69.45. 2102, 1KRAM; $10.25.

MM5203Q -1, 2K REPROM; $19.50. XR2240,
prog. timer; $5.95. 8038, VCO; $5.95. 8288,

CAPACITORS

fiber

glass board, 0e" thick, unetched

5/$2.20
$.50 ea.

OR 97217
ELECTRONIC components for the hobbyist.
IC's, LED's, resistors, capacitors, etc. First
quality, fair prices, fast delivery. Send 25c
for complete catalog. DIGI-CRAFT ELECTRONICS, P.O. Box 74, Brookline, MA 02146

0 0

0 CALIF. 92105

COPPER -clad G10 PC stock, 1/16 thick; at

$1.00 per sq. foot plus postage! Single or
double sided. $2.00 minimum order. Z -F
ELECTRO, Box 3025, Terminal Island, CA
90731

MINIATURE TRIM POTS

ARTWORK, PC DRILL BITS:

SEND SASE FOR FLYER.
TRUMBULL,833 BALRA DR.,
EL CERRITO, CA.94530

"lee

CORNELL'S
New Color
Catalog
Pes.

"

TECHNIIIUES FOR THE HOBBY! ST

BOOKLET:$2912

PARTS!

se

PRINTED CIRCUIT

QUALITY military and industrial surplus

electronics. Send 25c for last 3 of our
monthly picture flyers. It's different! U.S.
only. STARTRONICS, Box 17127, Portland,

OSCILLATOR ....$4.95

lA REGULATOR
+40V REGULATOR

LM 309K 5V

$1.65

723

-40

to 37V POS REG.

741A or 741C OP. AMP.
709C OPER. AMP.

.56
.35
$1.7S
.56
$ .35
$ .29

3401 -5, 12, 15, 18, 24V

POS. REG. TO -220

$1.75

301/748 -Hi Per. Op. Amp.

LM 320
LM 376

-5 or -15
-V

V REG.

101 OPER. AMP. HI PERFORM 5 .75

LM 308 Oper. Amp., Low Power $1.05

747 -DUAL 741

.75

537-PRECISION

OP. AMP.
LM 3900 -QUAD OP. AMP.
LM 324 -QUAD 741
560 -PHASE LOCK LOOP
561 -PHASE LOCK LOOP
565 -PHASE LOCK LOOP
567 -TONE DECODER

$2.60
.58

$2.20
$2.60
$2.60
$2.60
$2.95

$ .55
703-RF -IF AMP.
LM370 -AGC SQUELCH AMP. ....$1.15
2 HR. TIMER
$ .98
555
s
.95
1456 OP. AMP.
1458 DUAL OP. AMP.
$ .60

-2

$1.45
LM 380-2W AUDIO AMP
LM 377
Stereo Audio Amp $2.60
$1.75
LM
STEREO PREAMP
LM 382 -DUAL AUDIO PREAMP $1.75
.95
LM 311
PER. COMPARATOR
LM 319 -Dual Hi Speed Comp. $1.25
LM 339 -QUAD COMPARATOR _51.65

-2W
381-

-HI

PRV

.40

SOMERVILLE, MASS. 02143 TEL. (617) 547 -4005

Don't miss

Radio -Electronics. Give

us:

Six weeks' no-

Your old address and zip

code

Your new address and zip

code

address

3.00

www.americanradiohistory.com

HERE

tice

3.00

DAY WE RECEIVE THEM

ATTACH
LABEL

2.60

WE SHIP OVER 95C

single copy of

name

OF OUR ORDERS THE

P.O. BOX 74D

MOVING?

.40 .50 1.20

.60 .70 1.60
1 .00 .20 2.20

1.30
1.75

for our catalog featuring Transistors and Rectifiers; 145 Hampshire St., Cambridge, Mass

SOLID STATE SALES

NEW! Wire wrap tool for IC's -PC boards,

sockets or soldering not needed, $2.50.
BAGNALL, 179 May St., Fairfield, CT 06430
INSTRUCTION Manuals- Thousands available for test equipment, military electronics.
Send $1.00 (refundable first order) for listing. A service of TUCKER ELECTRONICS,
Box 1050, Garland, TX 75040

SCR'S
1.5A 6A 35A

TRIACS
lA l0A 25A

.70
200 .70 1.10
400 1.10 1.60
600 1.70 2.30
100

GILFER ASSOCIATES, INC.

Box 239, Park Ridge, NJ 07656

P. O.

city

(please print)

state

Mail to: Radio -Electronics

SUBSCRIPTION DEPT., BOULDER,
80302

zip code
COLO.

555

60 -WATT STEREO

2 u Seconds

AMPLIFIER

to

-hr.

(Mini DIP)

20-WATT STEREO AMP

with handsome set of knobs. Wt.

lbs.

Money -sack
GUARANTEE
on all Items

16.95
Wall "Slim- tine" Treat
Tape, Record Player, PA
& Musical I
te!

=3995

WITH
ESCUTCHEON

All Sala sua, Printed CiraslPy

slide Role Dial
All Purpaee, All Family Systems

2 for $1

Featuring solid state circuitry throughout, with printed n

circuit construction. 10 watts "peak" audio power per
channel. Handsome walnut veneer grain with chrome Sale good till
trim escutcheon. With provisions for separate escutcheon mounting items as STEREO HEADPHONES. TREBLE. Feb. 15, 1975
BASS, BALANCE, VOLUME controls, separate PHONO
AND AUXILLIARY with separate OFF -ON POWER
switches. Chassis size 111 /2 x 3 x 2 ". Separate rear
plate has right and left speaker phono type jacks, with
convenience power outlet for tape of phono and Auxilbary Inputs, for using amplifier with tape decks, and
other equipment. Separate external cables for stereo
phono connections, fi -ft. power cord, separate ON -OFF
light indicator, and automatic turntable power plug,

6995

AM- FM- MULTIPLEX

TIMERS

Features: 4- speaker system, built -in

FM imtrnna, re< ,rd player jacks on separate panel.
Another external panel consists of provisions for external FM and AM antena: 'satellite" speakers to
provide 4-speaker ground, jacks for connecting n tape
recorder to radio tuner or phono of systems to record.
Lower inputs for connecting tape deck that will play
back thru the internal amplifier for systems. AC jack for
phono power connection. REI), GREEN and CLEAR indicators for Phono, AM, and FM respectively. includes
red indicator on front panel for STEREO indicator.
Ha separate input to plug into mike, guitar and other
well a another jack for plugl instruments a
a pair nl sterpo headphones.
ging
Il:e controls on front panel. PHONOSTEREO-AM-FM. MONO, FM STEREO, GUITAR. TAPE,
MIEF: rrIllater control switch. LOUDNESS, BALANCE,
TREBLE. HASE controls. with power ON -OFF rocker
iciich. und AFC ON -OFF. Designed for all audio- philes
tu use
wall unit in I )F:N or FAMILY ROOM, or conchair in family room.
trol units by e
for those
who wish lo design their own emiscile or modular s
ten,. With t ft. 116 VAC cord and plug. Only 1.3x
x
escutcheon, include template
:I I _" deep.
for e, plus diagram. Sima. wt. 3 lbs. With knobs.

'

HIGH FIDELITY o
60
-WATT STEREO AMPLIFIER 4 WATT GUITAR AMP
The most amazing audio offer for the hi -fi -ers. PA men,
unit for the family den, or any room in the
office, etc. Comes complete with hookup, escutcheon, and knobs. 5 separate controls: LOUDNESS,
an ideal

house,

BALANCE, TREBLE, BASS. circuits switch for PHONO.

MIKE, AUX. 3 switches for SCRATCH

TL ;NER, TAPE.

FILTER. RUMBLE FILTER, and POWER "ON-OFF" with

built -in lite. 4- output transistors, each 30 watts. Separate accessory mounting panel for 4 speaker attachment, mike and musical instrument jack, tape, tuner.
and power jacks. 6 -ft. cords t for 115VAC, 60 cycles.
Measures only 13 s 7 x 3 ". Wt. 3 lbs. With attractive
multi -color escutcheon. Made by leading CS maker.
20- 20,000 Cerina Resp
4- Channel Sehr. Srsteme!

dagrams. Size

8 -TRACK

5LA -I

Ont.
p
pp
Oa00

JUMBO 0.6" MITY DIGIT DCM

Same electrical apees as the MAN -1. Men a l x r/s x 1 /arc encapsulated in red epoxy lens.
Outperforms all reflective bar types. MORE BRILLIANT! Made for distance and wide -angle viewing. Fits
into standard 14 pin DIP socket. Kit includes MAN -6.
right angle IC socket, edge connector, pc board, assorted resistors and capacitors, SN7475. SN7447,
557490, Molex sockets and booklet.
9.95
Same as above except uses MAN -64, 0.4 ALL LED
readout. MAN -1 characteristics
Only $8.88

MAN -6.

-220

Case

PROFESSIONAL

1103
U 7489
8223

iJ

supply,

for

the

electronics.

and hookups.

suta Ameiifieri WITH GLASS

All Sala sou, Pnetaa eirru err
ESCUTCHEON
SIIM Role Dial
Family Srateml
All
All Purpose,
1974. A unit that
The most unusual HI-FI stereo buy of
it
has o many unique and different functions,
usual Poly Pak econfinest system of its kind at the antenna,
record player
omy prices. Features. built -in FM external panel consista
Mother
Jacks on separate panel.
ight" and "left" speaker jacks, for
of provisions for
for
er to
aystemst record. Lower
ph
radio tuner
back thru
inputs for connecting tape deck that will playred
indicathe internal amplifier for y.temu. IncludesMother jack
tor on trout panel for STEREO indicator.
for plugging in a pair of stereo headphones.
2O -watt Saiid

the following
MONO, FM STEREO. TAPE.PBYNOI
cT
d
rocker TREBLE,
With. LOUDNESS.
control
ON-OFF rocker switch. Designed
controla, d,o power oN-OFF
e as well unit in DEN
for
in
family
hair
by
easy
ROOM, or control nit
FAILY Ror
consit to design their
orfor those who With
d
cord
6 ft. 115 VAC ct.
modular yule
solee
wt. 3 lbs.
Plug. Only 13 : 7 x 31/2 piss diagram. Shpg.
With knobs.
Has

/.

-WATT AM -FM-MULTIPLEX
60
s
above except
brame

m lifter heavy -duty eteree

ass ss
60 watt amt.

$59.95

foras $19.95
2Same
item 11 except

reject, paru may

be missing.

ELECTRIC

First

BUY ANY 10 IC'S

TAKE 15%
FROM OUR 2 PAGE AD

Time

3 -WATT

lieliwers :4.5 watts contino.:..

neat woks; m o -mini i e
ply. High sensitivity. ii
"

a..ea

3 FOR

industrial lighting too! A

that controla home, shopforandcontrolling
many electrical
very elaborate circuit
speeds of electric
and electronic devices. Easily controls
tors, etc. 115vac, rated at 1100
drills. brush type
control
watts. With variable speed or23idimming`i
n
x
heavy -duty aluminum case. 3 x

AM -FMMULTIPLEX

Only

$19.95

this
factory "snipped" most of the
8 watt stereo unit with aluminum escutek nn
plate. It's easy to use because we have all the cables
marked ready to use. With power supply. 115vac. 3
controls, LEFT and RIGHT VOLUME controlo for two
speakers for balancing and center TONE control. With
knobs. 7 x 31/2 x 31/a. Hookup spec sheets.

S2.50

Bur Any 3
Take 10%
256 Rit RAM
1024 Bit RAMMOs .. 51.50
MOS ..
64 Bit RAM 191,
4.50

STEREO

Stereo Amplifier,

Tape Transport
and hook -ups both.

pact

20 -WATT

8 -Watt
8 -Track

With

The

$4.95
SPEED CONTROL
INDUSTRIAL
(made for Xerox)
A 530 item from C.E. Model 533A

$3995

Programmable
2.55
ROM .
MM5220Pre- rogrammable ROM 2.95
MMS2622048 Bit
RAM
Bit
' 4.50
M515203 EraceahleRAM
9.95
PROM
.20.50

LM-340-18T IB e
LM-340-24724 r

$7.95

8 WATT STEREO AUDIO AMP

cables to
com-

Amp

Yak. 109a
Volts
Type
i] LM-340-OST 56 x
J LM-340-06 T 8
LM-340-O8T
,7 LM340-12T12 r
i] LM-340-IST IS r
Buy 3

With
Tremolo

$15.95

a complete 8 -track player system with

BUILT -IN PREAMP
just plug into any stereo amplifier (see some of our low-priced units).
Excellent
replacement unit, or you can design your own
high quality stereo tape system. It's the type you insert
cartridge to turn -on deck. then enjoy up to 80 minutesa
of non -stop, non -repeat stereo. Remove cartridge and
player shuts off" automatically. Built -in output controls in preamp. Features: 4 PROGRAM INDICATOR
LIGHTS. automatic or manual program change,
your car tapes at home. WOW -FREE precision plays
fan cooled motor, which operates oft 116Vac.
Requires
1 2Vdc

dsternal
iagrams.

POSITIVE VOLTAGE

$1.75 Each

a,.
,4

Sarne type unit found in the most expensive home

tape
playera. It's

5.95
1101

'

NATIONAL
LM -340T VR's
TO

, -,-

FOR HOME USE

MAN

Manufacturers as Monsanto's MAN -I. MAN-4. Litronics

707 and 704, Opeoa's SLA-1 (Ole last 4 having character heights of 0. ;i:1 at n extra eharge t. Each kit ineludes 3x2" p.e hoard with ragera for n FREE edge
Rt \pUl T Char. Maker
ti MAN -1 .27 h. MenuMe connector, ride- mounting dip sneket. LEO readout of
tors, i IC's, and Molex connectors
LJ MAN -4 .19 h. MOnante your choice,
.335. Litrnie Ithia ELIMINATES SOLDFRINC, YOUR IC's[. s and
DI 707
FREE!
Li 704 .33 h. Curants, booklet. INCLUDES P.C. EDGE CONNECTOR
.33 h. Opcw
Ll SLA -I
Pin -for -pin MAN -1,' ` Pin- fur -pin MAN -a, else. same
a

SOLID
STATE

25/e x 3.

lt x

TAPE TRANSPORT

LED 'DCM'S'
torr
ra..Ot',

AMPEREX

Musical instrument amplifier at low, low price! Peak

power output 10 watts. Two input circuits are equalized for normal or solo guitar. The four controla are
VOLUME, TONE. TREMOLO INTENSITY and TREMOLO
SPEED. 'There are terminals on board for normally open
foots itch connection. Supply voltage 18vdc. Output
to 8 ohm hi- quality peaker. Input impedance 33,000
ohms. Current drain s20 mils. External power supply
required. Wt. 1 lb. With instructions. hookups and

MAN -

MITY DIGIT

AM -FMMUX -DIAL
Indic atorsl

10

AUDIO AMP

watts peak. x,th

xi /2 ".

to 301' sup-

BUY 100
TAKE 25%

Inflation -Fi hting

((

mew

ECONOMY' IG PRICES
Sau Order

Type

SN7400
SN7401
SN7402
SN7403
SN7404
SN7405
SN7406
SN7407
SN7408
SN7409
SN7410
SN7411
SN7412
SN7413
SN7414
SN7415
SN7416
SN7417
SN7420
SN7421
SN7422
SN7423
SN7425
SN7426
SN7427

ht i5ae n mh.-r'

8.19
.19

5147430

.24
.28

19

5147438

.49
.19

.27
.24
.79
.48
27
.19
.31
.55

2...2_53_551

.89

25

,45
.50
.22
.50
.29
.32
.35
.31
.35

$3.98

SN7432
SN7437

.45

SN7440
SN7441 1.09
p SN7442 1.00
5N7443 1.00
SN7444 1.001
SN7445 1.00
SN7446 1.10
SN7447 1.10
SN7448 1.45
SN7450
.27
SN7481
.28
587453
.28
SN7454
.39
.28
SN7460
SN7461
.26
SN7462
.39
SN7464
.39
5147465
.39
5147470
.49
SN7471
.55
2

for

S T

.M1eei...,n re,iue.i

5N7472
SN7473
5N7474
5N7475
SN7476
SN7478

540

:40

Circle 94 on reader service card

www.americanradiohistory.com

.91
.52
.79

51474112

.95

51474104 1.25
51474106

SN74160 1.85

5547480

.59

5147481

1.25
.99
1.19

SN7482
SN7483
5N7485
5N7486
5147489

5N7490
5N7491
SN7492
5N7493
SN7494

2.50
.49
2.95
1.81
1.35
.99

.99
1.05
.99
5N7496
.99
SN74100 1.55
5147495

ti

011 use. Basic includes: Signetic

transistor high power driver TO -5
a pair of complimentary 35watt plastic transistors, i.e. 255296 npn
and 256109 pnp. With schematics, printed
circuit and parte board layouts.

Fur ('la.,.

.39

Factory Marked
SN74107 .49
SN74108 .95

SN74113 .95
SN74114 .95
5N74121 .49
SN74122 .65
5N74123 1.09
5N74125 .65
SN74126 .89
51474139 1.25
SN74140 2.50
SN74141 1.19
SN74145 1.19
51474148 2.95
SN74150 1.19
SN74151 .99
51474153 1.39
SN74154 1.69
5N74155 1,29
SN74156 1.45
SNN74157 1.45

3S WATT AUDIO
AMPLIFIER BASIC
"IC ", with

osa.,

.42
.52

.95

51474161 1,59

SN74163
SN74164
5N74165
5N74166
SN74173
SN74174
SN74175
SN74176
51474177
55174180

1.75

2.85

2.85
1.85
1.85

2.25

1.99
1.25
1.25
1.10
3.95
1.05
2.34
2.34

5N74181
5N74182
5N74185
SN74187
5N74192 1.59
51474193 1.59
5N74194 1.89
5N74195 1.10
51474196 1.20
5N74197 1.10
51474198 2.45
SN74199 2.45
SN74200 7.5o

Terms: add Postage Rated: net :40

Phon. Orders: Wakefield, Maaa. (617) 245 -3629
Rot.11: 16 -lb Del Carmine St., Wakefield. Mass.
loo Water Street) C.O.D.'S MAY BE PiIONED
20c CATALOG Fiber Optics. 'ICS', Semi's, Parts

MINIMUM ORDER

$4.00

POLY PAKS

P.O. BOX 942R. LYNNFIELD.MASS.

01940

i
107

w /data

Close out sale while they last.

8210 DIP 4 -BIT

SHIFT REGISTER

-Bit Shift Register - -- parallel and

serial input and output;data entry
is synchronized with clock pulse.
10 for $3.95
ea. $.50

CARBON RESISTORS
Carbon Resistors
-Watt 5%-full prime,
all values in stock.10 per value (min',

imum ,1nant

ten

t').

4.45

for

only $.89 err

10 for $7.50
brand new 20 turn precision trimmers.These
are prime parts mostly individually packed
in sealed envelopes.These values in stock:
50 OHM
1K
5K
25 K
500 OHM
2 K
10 K
..

.,,

POTTER
BRUMFIELD

IG'=

Type KHP Relay 4 PDT 3A Contacts

24 VDC (650 coil) ea. $1.50 10/$14.00
120 VAC (10.5 MA coil) ea. $1.75 10/$15.75
-

DIODE ARRAY

15914 Silicon Signal Diodes in one

package.20 leads spaced .1 "; no common
ea. $.25
10 for $2.25
connections.
10

PBC Mounting

IC SOCKETS
8

14
I6

pin --x
'

--

"

--

pin---$.75
40
"
--$1.25
24

i,

-.n

SEND FOR
FREE FLYER!

C.O.D. PHONE ORDERS

ACCEPTED --$10 MINIMUM

parts surplus and tested;leads plated

with gold or solder.Orders for $5 or more
are shipped prepaid;smaller orders add
55a.California residents add Sales Tax.
I(-',
phi Hied within 2t heurs.
All

BRBYLOr1

7 1

P.

O.

Box 41727

Sacramento, Ca.

ELECTROr ICS

e
(916) 334 -2161

Circle 95 on reader service card

COLUMBIA 4 CHANNEL SQ
Solid state SQ 4 channel adapter, 2 amps built
in. Decodes 4 channel or synthesizes 4 channel.
$35.00

LED READOUTS

RADIO -ELECTRONICS does not

assume responsibility for any
errors which may appear in the
index below.

5/$1.00!

The price is not a mistake. We have some hobby

variety with some segments out. Ukinbuyem
for as low as
5 for $1.00

AM -FM RADIO

85
Allison Automotive
19 -24 B & K Division of
30, 31
Dynascan Corp.
Bell & Howell Schools
64-67
89
Brooks Radio & TV
75
85
Castle TV Tuner
Cover IV
Service Corp.
Cover III
84
Channel Master
82
Channel lock
61
26
CIE, Cleveland Institute
36-39
of Electronics
15
Continental Specialties Corp..... 27
CREI, Division of the
McGraw -Hill Continuing
92-95
Education Center
80
28
Crown International
Data Precision
90
77
15
14
Delta Products
81, 110
30,83 Edmund Scientific
EICO, Electronic Instrument .... 22
10
88
Electronic Chemical
74
Electronics Distributors, Inc.
96
79
14
5
Elenco Electronics
EMC, Electronic
Measurement Corp.
88
98
81
Fordham Radio Supply Co.
90
Fluke
76
Electronics
91
GC
Grantham School
80
97
of Electronics
GTE Sylvania
13
Electronic Components
18 -21
100 Heath Co.
71
Indiana Home Study Institute .... 87
69
65
2

12

73

18

For console installation, w face plate, no

knobs. Stereo amplifiers for tape or turnable

playback.
$15.00
Pair of matching speakers w /xfmrs for above
$5.00

29
66
62
27
1

11

CALCULATOR CHASSIS

13

Fully assembled pocket calculator chassis with

calculator chip. Uses LED readouts not includ$5.00
ed.

78

BOOKSHELF SPEAKERS

68

inches.

$15

16

pair.

17

7
3

MESHNA

25
PO Bx 62 E.

catalog FREE

Lynn Mass. 01904

Circle 96 on reader service card

64
72

70

For use with most Instamatic cameras. With

mead battery and built -in charger. Never buy
$9.95
flash cubes again.

x 5

16

Technical Documentation
Tektronix, Inc.
Telematic
Tri -Star
Vintage Radio
Vu -Data

98
5

26
84
98
87

READER SERVICE CARD NO. PAGE

63

PHOTO STROBE

Completely finished, 9 x 12
ohm, with extension cord.

82
8, 9

MARKET CENTER

67

FAIRCHILD "TRIMPOTS"
ea.

READER SERVICE CARD NO. PAGE

ADVERTISING INDEX

CT 5001 CALCULATOR CHIP ca. 3.95

International Crystal
Jensen Tool & Alloy
Jerrold Electronics
MITS, Micro -Instrumentation
Telemetry Systems, Inc.
Motorola Training Institute
Mountain West Alarm

25
84

www.americanradiohistory.com

95
93

92
86

91

89

96
88
94

87

Altaj

101

Ancrona Corp.
ATV Research Corp.
Babylon Electronics
Brigar Electronics
Command Productions
Cornell Electronics
Delta Electronics

109
104
108
104
100
106
104
99

Digi -Key
Gilfer Associates, Inc.
Gregory Electronics Corp.

International
Electronics Unlimited ....102,
James Electronics
Lakeside Industries
Lesco Electronics
Logic Newsletter
Meshna Electronics, John Jr.
Photolume Corp.

106
104

103
100

99
104
99
108
100
105, 107
Poly Paks
Printed Circuit Techniques
106
106
Solid State Sales
Valley West
99
Valu -Pak
100

Radio -Electronics is published by Gemsback Publications, Inc. 200 Park Ave. S.

New York, NY 10003 (212) 777-6400

President: M. Harvey Gernsback

Secretary: Bertina Baer
ADVERTISING SALES

17

EAST

84

Stanley Levitan, Sales Manager

Radio -Electronics
200 Park Ave. South
New York, NY 10003
(212) 777 -6400

87
Supply Co.
88
National Camera Co.
National Technical Schools ....54 -57
8 -11, 29
NRI Training
28
Olson Radio Corp.
81
Pace Electronics
85
PAIA Electronics
83
Perma Power
79
Pomona Electronics
Cover II
PTS Electronics
23
Radio Shack
RCA Electronic Components,
24
Test Equipment
96
RGS Electronics
Scelbi Computer
28
Consulting, Inc.
85
Schober Organ
16
Sencore Inc.
2
Shure Bros.
32
Southwest Technical Products
7
Sprague Products Corp.
Sylvania Technical School
74 -77
Home Study Division

108

90
97

MIDWEST /Texas /Arkansas /Okla.

Ralph Bergen
The Ralph Bergen Co.
6319 N. Central Ave.
Chicago, IL 60646
(312) 792 -3646
PACIFIC COAST /Mountain States

Jay Eisenberg
J.E. Publishers Representative Co.,
8732 Sunset Blvd.,
4th Floor,
Los Angeles, CA 90069
(213) 659 -3810

Sales Mart Building

1485 Bayshore Blvd., Box 140
San Francisco, CA 94124
(415) 467-0125

Waveform Generator Kit

CMOS
1-9

4000E
40014E
4002E
4004E
4006AE
4007E
4008E
4009E
4010AE
4011AE
4012E
4013AE
4014AE
4015E
4016AE
4017AE
4018AE
4019E
4020AE
4021E
4022E
4023E
4024AE
4025AE
4026E
4027AE
4028E
4029E
4030E
4035E
4040E
40414E
4042E
4043AE
4044E
4047E
4048E
4049E
4050E
4056E
4060E
4066E
4069E

.55
.54
.54

5.90
3.90

.65

.54

.94
.94
.53
.53
1.05

.54
1.15
1.15

2.90
3.20
1.30
3.90
3.80
2.75
.54
2.30
.54
9.80

FM

LM352 6-15 V, .15VV. 812

LM354A: 6.27V, 2.805V, 812
TAA6111312: 6.15V, 1.15W, 812
T44621412: 6-27V, 1.40W, 812
TBA641 B11: 6-18V, 2.20W, 412
184800: 530V, 4.70W, 812
TBA810AS: 4-20V, 2.50W 412
T84820: 3-16V, 0.75W, 412
TCA830: 5-20V, 2.00W, 412
TCA940: 6.24V, 6.50W, 812
1

3.05
1.20

3.30
3.60
2.55
.53

2.00

.50

7.10
1.22

2.75
4.60
1.05

2.85
4.60
3.30
2.95
2.95
2.95
3.70

2.80
4.40
3.20
2.85
2.85
2.85
3.60

BU204
B205
BU206
BU207
8U208
BU209

1.50
1.35
1.35

1.40
1.05
1.05

255128 $3.00

3.50
5.20
3.20

.75

Schottky
SN74SOON $

SN74S03N
SN74SO4N

5N74508N
$N74S10N
SN74S11N
SN74S20N
SN74530N
SN74S32N
SN74S40N
SN74541N
SN74S64N
SN74S74N
SN74S85N
SN74S86N
SN74S112N
SN74S113N
SN748133N
SN74S138N
SN74S139N
SN74S140N
SN74S151N
SN74S153N
5N745154N
SN743157N
5N745158N
SN74S160N
SN74S161N
SN74S174N
SN74S175N
SN743181N
SN74S189N
SN74S194N
SN745195N
SN745251N
5N74S253N
55748275N
SN74S258N
SN74S260N
SN74S280N
SN74289N
93510
93516
93521

93522
93548

HIGH

2N4427
2N5109
2N5322

7400N

7403N
7404N
7405N
7406N
7407N
7408N
7409N

7410N
7411N
7412N
7413N
7414N
7416N
7417N
7420N

74215
7423N
7425N
7426N
7427N
7428N
7430N
7432N
7433N
7437N
7438N
7439N
7440N
7441AN

SPEED TTL
74HOON

74H01N
74H04N
74H05N
74H08N
74H1ON
74H11N
74H15N
74H2ON

74H40N
74H74N

.34
.49
.36
.38
.44
.44
.44
.38
.39
.36
.69

7442N

7445N
7447N
7448N
7450N
7451N
7453N
7454N
7460N
7470N
7472N
7473N

\\-\e\\\-\r\

.51

.22
.28
.61

.44
.44
1.01

P1103

ffi-iE3,,,,,iVi

\rr\Y\

DIL
pin DIL
pin DIL
pin DI

8 pin

14
16
24
28
36

pin DIL
pin DI

40 pin DI

740011 TTL
747414

7475N
7476N
7480N
7481N

74825

741005
74105N
74107N
74108N
74109N
74110N
74111N
741145
74115N
7411N
74119N
74121N
74122N
74123N
74125N
74126N
74128N
74132N
74136N
74141N

.19
1.16
.98
.98
1.50
1.29
.23
.28
.25
.26
.24
.30 74145N
.39 74147N
.46 74148N

.38
.68
.59

.66
1.21
1.01
1.01

3.01
2.49
.49

2.99
.75

1.40
.84
.84
1.29

.88
.88

2.50
1.45
.54
.48
.91
.91
.71
.91
.91
.91

1.50
.81

.54
.89
.95
1.39
1.39

1.21

2.05
.91

1.89

1.79
2.95
3.55

Teflon
3

pin

4 pin

.22
.26
.29
.75

pin
pin
10 pin
6
8

14 pin DIL
16 pin DIL

74150N
74151N
74152N
74153N
74154N
74155N
74156N
74157N
74158N
74160N
74161N
74162N
74163N
74164N
74165N
74166N
747705
74173N
74174N
74175N
74176N
74177N
74180N
74181N
74182N
74184N
74185N
74190N
74191N
74192N
74193N
74194N
74195N
74196N
74197N
74198N
74199N
74200N
74122N
74251N
74278N
74293N
74293N
74298N

14

.75

2.25
1.12
1.63
1.49
1.49
1.19
1.54

1.50
1.35
1.50

1.50
1.89
1.89
1.98

2.55
1.79
1.52
1.50
1.69
1.69

1024 Bit
ti- Channel
REIM 2602B

$21.00
25.00
2602-1B
7552CPE 21.00
7552-ICPE 25.00

.40
.45

LOW

POWER TTL
74L00N
74L02N
74L03N
74L04N
74L 105
74L20N
74L42N
74L47N
74L51N
74L73N
74L74N
74L90N
74L93N
74L95N

Model

4440

.34
.34
.39
.39
.34
.39
1.62

2.60
.34
.74
.89
1.62
1.74
1.62

4% DIGIT

1.19

COUNTER OPTION

2.39
2.39
2.59
4.48

5.05
1.75
1.75
2 95
.92
.92
2.55

1.50
1.60
3.20
1.80
2.80

4.20
1.80
1.70
3.20
3,50
1.50
1.80
2.80
3.70

4.00
4.20
6.50
6.50
3.00
2.70

1N4003
1N4004
1N4005
1N4006
1N4007

10
$ 1.00

1.10
1.20
1.30

100

7,00
8.00
9.00
10.00

1000
60.00

1.40 11.00
1.50 12.00
1.60 13.00
SPECIFICATION SHEEETS: $.25

FOR

2.60
2.60
2.60
2.60
2.60
2.60
2.60
1.30
3.90

LM723CN
L129
L130
L131

SG4501T
SG4501N

.80
.75
1.50
1.50
1.50

2.20
2.20

COMPVTER

.200"dia.
220
220
220

9614
9615
9616
9617
9620
9621

Yellow .30
Green .30

LOW PROFILE
$ .25
226 Red
.30
226 Yellow
.30
226 Green
.30
226 Orange

5053
5053
5053
5053

Red

Yellow

$ .35

.40
.40
.40

Green
Orange

216 = MV5024
5053 = MV5053

Linear ICs
LM 114H

LM301A

LM301AM
LM301AN
LM3O2H
LM302N

LM306H
LM307H
LM307M
LM308H
LM308AH
LM310H
LM311H
LM318H
LM555CM
LM709CH
LM709CN
LM710CH
LM710CN
LM715CH
LM725CH
LM733CH
LM733CN
LM741CH
LM741CM
LM747CH
LM747CN
LM748CN
LM3046CN
LM3054CN

LM567CM

DM8820N
4.00
DM8820AN 6.50
DM8830N
4.50
5.00
DM8831N
5.00
DM88325
1.30
9600
9601
9602

.25

Red

TO -5
$ 3.00
TO -5
.90
Mini -dip
.75
1.10
Dip
.95
TO -5
Dip
1.40
TO -5
2.80
TO -5
.90
.90
Mini -dip
1.20
TO -5
TO -5
5.00
TO -5
1.40
1.70
TO -5
2.50
TO -5

Mini -dip

.90

TO -5

.45
.45
.60
.75

Dip
TO -5

Dip
TO -5
TO -5
TO -5

Dip
TO -5
Mini -dip
TO -5

Dip
Dip
Dip
Dip

4.30
5.00
1.50
1.50
.45

.44
1.90

.90
.40
.95

1.50

Phase Locked Loops

ZTERF7AC7E

Mini -dip

2.10

IC Power Regulators
LM335K: 5V, 600mA
LM336K: 12V, 500mA
LM337K: 15V, 450mA

1.30

2.00
3.00
3.00
4.50
3.00
3.50
3.00

2.40
2.90
2.90

Pulse

Generator
interdesign 1101: 0.1 Hz -2MHz,
0-5V Output, var. width, line or
battery operation. $159.00.

$50.

Interface Modules
CY1010
CY1011A
CY1020
CY1021
CY1021A
CY2018
CY2137
CY2218
CY2236

CY2237
CY2735
CY2737
CY3035
CY3635

Amp., Bipolar Input

$
29.00
Amp., Bipolar Input
49.00
Amp., FET Input
34.00
Amp., FET Input
49.00
Amp., FET Input
59.00
DAC, 8 Bit, 2 Quad Multiplying
99.00
DAC, 10 Bit, Low Drift
39.00
DAC, 12 Bit, 2 Quad Multiplying 149.00
DAC, 12 Bit, Fast Settling,
Low Drift
89.00
DAC, 12 Bit, Low Drift
69.00
DAC, 4 Digit BCD, Low Cost
79.00
DAC, 4 Digit BCD, Low Drift
139.00
ADC, 8 Bit, Sect. Counting,
Low Cost
89.00
ADC, 3 Digit BCD, Sect. Count,
Low Cost
119.00
instr.
Instr.
Instr.
Instr.
Instr.

RONA

P. O. Box 2208R, Culver

ea.

1.20
1.75
1.95

LM340-06K
LM340-08K
LM340-12K
LM340-15K
LM340-18K
LM 340-24K
LM723H
LM723D
LM 723C

5.50
6.50
5.10
8.50
9.50
6.30
3.80
4.70
3.00
3.50
3.70
.90
1.40
1.40
1.10
1.40

.25
30
30

512 Bit
Dynamic Shift Register
-24. 54 00 ' 25 up: $3.90
2524VRecirculating

SEND CHECK OR MONEY ORDER (NO. C.O.D.) TO

70.00
80.00
90.00
100.00
110.00
120.00

.35
.35

Yellow

.30

FOR $299.
A 10 MHZ

I-Amp Rectifiers
154001
1N4002

7.50
7.50
2.50
2.50

MULTIMETER

1.49
1.39
1.35
.99

93L00
93L01
93L0
93L09
93L10
93L11
93L12
93L14
93L16
93L 18
93L21
93L22
93L24
93L28
93L34
93L38
93L40
93L41
93L60
93L66

$.25

A PORTABLE

2.49
3.85
2.89
2.29
2.89
2.89

LM 340-05
.55
.65
.90
1.10
1.40

TO -5
TO -5
TO -5
TO-5
TO -5

Wire Wrap

1.10
1.70
1.90

Red

LM100H
LM104H
LM105H
LM105F
LM109H
LM109K
LM200H
LM204H
LM205H
LM209H
LM209K
LM300H
LM300N
LM3O4H
LM305H
LM305AH
LM305N
LM309H
LM309K

$6.20

4ss`

Solder

.24 7483N
.54 7484N
.24 7485N
.29 7486N
.51 7489N
.78 7490N
2.81 7491N
.46 7492N
.64 7493N
.19 7494N
.51 7495N
.49 7496N
.39 7497N
.29
.35

50W

IC sockets

.90

.16
.23
.22
.22
.25
.29
.38
.48

30w

Now you can take advantage of our component

buying skills and power and select from a broad
range of advanced circuits.

.80
.80

20W

Yellow

Red

Voltage
Regulators

Decoded Read/
Write RAM

6.90
9.90
18.70
25.90

conscious companies.

.70

74015
7402N

5I-1020G
SI-1030G
51-10500

We've been buying and selling top quality components for nearly
ten years.
Our annual volume exceeds $3 million. We handle
only original parts, from the world's leading manufacturers and
our customers include some of the largest and most quality -

.92

2N6099
2N6101
2N6103

10W

Red

Green

Green

1.45

MCT2

M V 50

216
216
216

2.25

Optoisolator

PREMIUM QUALITY COMPONENTS

1.10
2.10

255323

o`AMPLIFIERS
1010G

SLA22 $1 Org
SLA3 Red
SLA4 Red
XAN72 Red
XAN52 Green

Memories
$6.90
8.50
7.90
15.00
5.50
P3101
5.50
P31014
5.00
MM6560N
MM6561N
5.00
DM8599N
5.00
93403
5.00

HYBRID
51

SLA1 Red
$2.25
SLA11 Green 4.25
SLA21 Orange 4.25
SLA2 $1 Red 2.25
SLA12 $1 Grn 2.25

P1101A
P110141
P14024
P2102

v.rv-'^S^>.T

1.50
1.20
1.00
1.10
.90
.35
.95

5.50
253442 2.20
2N3730 1.70
2N3731 2.00
2N3732 1.50
253771 2.20
2N3772 2.30
2N3773 3.40
2N3789 3.00
2N3866
.95
2N4347 1.60
2N4348 2.00
2N4395 1.30

.80
.80
.80
.80
.80
.80
.80
.80
.80
.80
.80
.80
.80
1.50
6.10
2.90
2.50
1.50
1.00
4.50
3.90
1.00
3.30
3.30
3.40
2.70
3.00
6.60
6.60
4.75
4.00
11.50
5.10
3.30
4.40
4.20
4.20
3.20
3.70
.90
5.70
5.00
6.80
6.80
3.50
3.20
3.70

SN74502N

6A
6A
6A

2N1136
2N1483
2N1534
2N1540
2N1544
2N3053
2N3055
2N3375

3.46
4.90
2.96

85

3A

$149.00 plus
$2.50 for
shipping and
handling.

209
209
209

160 "dia.

Displays

accurate,

3.00
1.70
2.20
4.40

1300V $4.14
4.95
1500V
5.94
1700V
5.85
1300V
6.93
1500V
8.64
1700V

3A
3A

osa

Beautiful,
reliable and

L''1331 N:
Vio = 6mV
lie= 1000nA
lb = 2000nA
Noise = 1.5dB
$2.20

Power Transistors

1.25

package

.125 "dia.

wide viewing angle

crystal display.

OP AMP

2.00
3.00
2.20

1/8" character height

compact, thin PC

with liquid

ROME

1.60
2.50
1.60

9-Digit Display

etch

DUAL LOW

$3.90

Audio Amps

1.05

2.70

2.95
5.40

Stereo Demodulator
XR1310

3.25
3.70

1.35

ital

tions.

LED's

$7.90

S19.00

data & applications, PC board

(etched & drilled, ready for
assembly) and detailed instruc-

.60

.95
.95

IIMITEd QUANTITY

Kit includes two XR205 IC's,

5.90
3.80
3.30

3.70
3.80

Only $28.00
highly versatile lab
instrument at a fraction of
the cost of conventional unit.
Here's

.53
.53
.53

3.60

Calculator

XR205K

10 up

City, CA. 90230

Circle 97 on reader service card

www.americanradiohistory.com

MINIMUM
ORDER: $10.00

9300
Shift
SERIES
Registers 9300PC $1.00
7.90 9301PC 1.20
6.00 9304PC 1.50
6.00 9306PC 6.90
4.50 9308PC 2.50
6.00 9309PC 2.50
6.00 9310PC 1.50
3.00 9311PC 2.50
3.00 9312PC 1.20
4.00 9314PC 1.30
5.50 9316PC 1.50
4.00 9318PC 2.30
5.50 9321PC 1.20
10.90 9322PC 1.30
4.00 9324PC 2.00
5.50 9328PC 2.50
8.20 9334PC 2.95
5.00 9338PC 3.30
5.00 9340PC 5.00
5.00 9341PC 4.10
10.90 9342PC 1.15
9.50 9360PC 1.75
10.90 9366PC 1.75
MOS CLOCK DRIVER
MH9026CN
$5.50

1402A
$
1403A
1404A
1405A
1406
1407
1506
1507
2505K
2512K
2524V
2525V
2533V
2807
2808
2814DC
MM5055N
MM5056H
MM5057N
MM5058N
TMS3114J
TMS3133NC
TWO PHASE

California residents add 6% sales tax.

LIVE IN THE WORLD

OF TOMORROW...TODAY!

TAKE TEMPERATURES IN SECONDS

Edmund's new electronic oral thermometer obsoletes glass mercury

type. Seconds instead of minutes,
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Put disposable cover (supply incl.) on
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push button, dial meter center, read
temp fast in F. & C. . 92- 106 F.
(33-41 C.) in y, increments, 97- 101 F. to %0. Safe, hygienic,
no squinting. Compact metal case fits in doctors', nurses' shirt
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$25.00 Ppd.
Stock No. 42,210 EH

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with exciting and unusual values in ecological and
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A BETTER LIFE

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3- CHANNEL
COLOR ORGAN KIT

LOW COST
7X INFRA -RED VIEWER

Easy to build low -cost kit needs no

technical knowledge. Completed unit
has 3 bands of audio frequencies to
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New, great buy for Infra -red crime

detection surveillance, security system alignment, I. R. detection, laser
checking, nite wildlife study, any
work requiring I. R. detection and
conversion to visible spectrum. Self
contained scope w /everything but I.R. light source works in
any I.R. lit area: 6V or 12V power, 6032 I.R. converter tube, f/4.5
objective lens, adjustable triplet eyepiece, shockproof housing.
See bright in dark! Under 4 lb., comparable to others at $350.

nect hi -fi, radio, power lamp etc. &

plug ea. lamp string into own channel (max. 300w ea.) Kit features 3 neon indicators, color intensity controls, controlled

individ SCR circuits; isolation transformer;

housing; instructions.

custom plastic

$199.95 Ppd.
No. 1648 EH (11x141/4x3 ")
DELUXE -WITH I.R. LIGHT SOURCE No. 1659 EH $249.95 Ppd.

$18.95 Ppd.

Stock No. 41,831 EH

KNOW YOUR ALPHA FROM THETA!

PRO ELECTRONIC

For greater relaxation, concentration,

SOUND CATCHER

listen to your Alpha -Theta brain -

Parabolic mike w, 1834" reflecting

shield & 2 I.C.'s in amplifier magnifies signals 100X that of Omni- directional mikes. Catch a songbird 1/2
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never before heard. Super directivity
gives highest signal to noise ratio poss. Safe: auto. cuts off
ear damaging noises. Earphones, tape recorder output, tripod
socket. Req. two 9v trans. batt. (not incl).
No. 1649 EH (51/2 LB.)
BIG EAR "TOY" MODEL

..

Atch'd to amplifier, filters brainwaves, signals beep for ea. Alpha

or Theta wave passed. Monitoring

.,

button simulates Alpha sound; audio & visual (L.E.D.) feedback.

Reliable, easy -to -use unit -comparable to costlier models. Completely safe. Comprehensive instruction booklet.
$134.50 Ppd.

No. 1635 EH (8x3x4 "; 24 oz.)

LOW COST "STARTER" UNIT
No. 71,809 EH

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80,176 EH

waves. Ultra- sensitive electrode headband slips on /off in seconds- eliminates need for messy creams, etc.

$55.00 Ppd.

NEW! KIRLIAN PHOTOGRAPHY KIT!

Experiment in the fascinating new

field of "Kirlian electrophotography"
-images obtained on film without
camera Or lens by direct recording of
electric charge transmitted by animate & inanimate objects. Each
"aura differs- animate aura said to
ei e5
change corresponding to physical
changes. Kit incls portable darkroom, double transformer isolated from power source; instructions.

65 94:tel

LIE DETECTOR TYPE METER

toe
Amazing Emotion Meter reveals hidden likes, dislikes. Easy to use; senTELLING
sitive, accurate. Measures changes in
THE TRUTH
body resistance caused by changes
r
in emotional state. Needle movement
E,
indicates emotional response (not
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whether favorable or unfavorable).
Effectiveness depends on questions asked and interpretation.
parUnique 10 -oz. set ideal for entertainment and education
ties, science projects, psychological experiments. Requires 9V
transistor battery (not included). Instructions.
$19.95 Ppd.
No. 42,194 EH (27/ex4x13/4 ")
_E

Ir

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No. 71,938 EH

$49.95 Ppd.

"HIGH VOLTAGE PHOTOGRAPHY" by H.

No. 9129 EH (60 -PG.) PPBK BK.)

S.

Dakin

$5.00 Ppd.

...

DELUXE KIRLIAN PHOTOGRAPHY SET

NO. 72,053

$399.00 Ppd.

EH

3" ASTRONOMICAL
REFLECTING TELESCOPE

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See stars, moon, planets close-up! 30

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No. 85,240 EH
$49.95 Ppd.
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$79.95 Ppd.

automatically charge its 12V battery

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it comprises 3012V silicon solar cells in series w /diode.
..$89.95 Ppd.

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9x18" HI CURRENT MODEL (6W, 12V, 500 mA)
No. 72,010 EH (AB. 150 W- HRS. /WK.)
8x6" LO VOLTAGE MODEL (1.5V, .38W, 250 mA)
No. 42,172 EH _... _,.

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#85,105 EH ....$149.50
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This isa Channel Master color

Opti -Vue Plus.

It's been "burned" with

65,000 volts for long stretches
of time. That's to destroy particles of foreign matter that can
shorten tube life and even

electrode leakage, cathode activation and stabilization, convergence, and emission and gas
ratio. The screen has been tested to higher- than -OEM stand-

damage

ards.

set's chassis.

It's been electrostatically

charged to demagnetize and
remove loose particles inside
the tube before they make
trouble. That's a process hardly
anyone else even knows about.

It's been baked for 21/2 heurs

at precision -controlled ternperatures up to 420 C in an oven
almost as long as a footbai`f
field. That's to drive out all the
harmful gasses and assure the
best possible vacuum.

took the tube

ride
over bumpy
on a 65 mile
roads --and then tested it again
-- before shipping it to you.
We even

It's been examined, monitored, and tested over 20 times for

characteristics like color purity
high voltage stability, inter-

It's not easy to become an

Opti -Vue Plus. That's why,
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Channel Master
OPTI -VUE PLUS
LIFETIME PROTECTION*
* 3 Year Warranty Plus Guaranteed Discount for Life of Set
84 an reader serrh e card

Proved in the lab!

...

approved in the field!

The NEW MEZZERTM

TELEVISION FIELD STRENGTH METERS
M AT V
CAT V
Antenna installation
Antenna evaluation
Output calibration of TV signal generators and similar signal sources

Invaluable for

The instruments use two 9v alkaline transistor batteries for field use, plus inbuilt power supply with wall plug -in transformer
for 120vac operation.

VHF
Range:
Meter:

Model FSM

net $119.95

20 microvolts to 100 millivolts

Scale calibrated in microvolts (linear) and dB (log.). Ref: 0dB
1 millivolt.
Full scale basic range 1 millivolt

Attenuator: X 1 (+ 0dB); X 10 (+ 20dB); X 100 (+ 40dB)

Tuning:
All 12 VHF channels
Inputs:
75 ohms - "F" connector; 300 ohms - screw terminals
Accuracy:
3dB typ.

UHF

Model FSM -U

net $99.95

Range:
20 microvolts to 10 millivolts
Meter:
Scale calibrated in microvolts (linear) and dB (log.)
Attenuator: X 1 (+ 0dB) and X 10 (+ 20dB)
Tuning:
Full UHF band. Ch. 14 - 83
Inputs:
75 ohms - "F" connector; 300 ohms - screw terminals

Accuracy:
6dB typ.

These instruments boast the extra features of all Castle products- advanced technology- modern styling -and they work

ih.Ask

your electronic distributor for them

... or write for more details.

CASTLE TV TUNER SE.?VICE, INC.

Ph. 312 -561 -6354
5715 N. Western Ave., Chicago, Ill. 60645
In Canada: Len Finkler Ltd., Ontario
C ircic 85 nn

reader service card

www.americanradiohistory.com