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Iodine Value

The iodine value is a measure of unsaturation in fatty acids, determined by the amount of iodine consumed by 100g of a substance. It indicates the number of double bonds present. Higher iodine values mean more double bonds and unsaturation. The table shows values for common fats and oils, with linseed oil having the highest value of 136-178, indicating high unsaturation making it suited for oil paints, while coconut oil has the lowest value of 7-10 indicating high saturation making it suited for soap. Iodine value is determined through iodometry, where iodine ions react with double bonds and the amount needed to retain color indicates unsaturation level.

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239 views3 pages

Iodine Value

The iodine value is a measure of unsaturation in fatty acids, determined by the amount of iodine consumed by 100g of a substance. It indicates the number of double bonds present. Higher iodine values mean more double bonds and unsaturation. The table shows values for common fats and oils, with linseed oil having the highest value of 136-178, indicating high unsaturation making it suited for oil paints, while coconut oil has the lowest value of 7-10 indicating high saturation making it suited for soap. Iodine value is determined through iodometry, where iodine ions react with double bonds and the amount needed to retain color indicates unsaturation level.

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Anwesh Satapathy
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Iodine value

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Iodine value
The iodine value (or "iodine adsorption value" or "iodine number" or "iodine index") in chemistry is the mass of
iodine in grams that is consumed by 100 grams of a chemical substance. Iodine numbers are often used to determine
the amount of unsaturation in fatty acids. This unsaturation is in the form of double bonds, which react with iodine
compounds. The higher the iodine number, the more C=C bonds are present in the fat. It can be seen from the table
that coconut oil is very saturated, which means it is good for making soap. On the other hand, linseed oil is highly
unsaturated, which makes it a drying oil, well suited for making oil paints.
Table of iodine values
Fat Iodine number
Tung oil 163 173
Grape seed oil 124 143
Palm oil 44 51
Olive oil 80 88
Coconut oil 7 10
Palm kernel oil 16 19
Cocoa butter 35 40
Jojoba oil ~80
Poppyseed oil ~133
Cottonseed oil 100 117
Corn oil 109 133
Wheat germ oil
[1]
115 134
Sunflower oil 125 144
Linseed oil 136 178
Soybean oil 120 136
Peanut oil 84 105
Rice bran oil 99 108
Methodology
This particular analysis is an example of iodometry. A solution of iodine ions is yellow/brown in color. When added
to a complex solution however, any chemical group (usually C=C double bonds) in solution that react with iodine
effectively reduce the strength, or magnitude of the colour (by taking iodine ions out of solution). Thus the amount
of iodine required to make a solution retain the characteristic yellow/brown colour can effectively be used to
determine the amount of iodine sensitive groups present in the solution.
In a typical procedure, the fatty acid is treated with an excess of the Hanu or Wijs solutions, which are, respectively,
solutions of iodine monobromide (IBr) and iodine monochloride (ICl) in glacial acetic acid. Unreacted iodine
monobromide (or monochloride) is then allowed to react with potassium iodide, converting it to iodine, whose
concentration can be determined by titration with sodium thiosulfate.
Iodine value
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The chemical reaction associated with this method of analysis involves formation of the diiodo alkane (R and R'
symbolize alkyl or other organic groups):
The precursor alkene (RCH=CHR') is colourless and so is the organoidine product (RCHI-CHIR').
Related methods of analysis
Saponification value
Acid number
Bromine number
Hydroxyl value
References
[1] http:/ / online.personalcarecouncil.org/ ctfa-static/ online/ lists/ cir-pdfs/ pr248. pdf
Article Sources and Contributors
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Article Sources and Contributors
Iodine value Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=604005033 Contributors: Ahoerstemeier, Amatulic, AmericanLemming, Bamyers99, Bellemonde, Bisco, Dave Heenan,
Dave314159, DinosaursLoveExistence, Eno-ja, Gaius Cornelius, Hydrargyrum, Learnerteacher, Mc schafer, Michel Awkal, PaulHanson, Peter G Werner, Physchim62, Rifleman 82, Rrius,
Sandeepk.kumar08, Smaines, Smokefoot, Thorwald, V8rik, Waftabw, Whoop whoop pull up, 43 anonymous edits
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