International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Studies (IJSRES)

Volume 1 Issue 3, September 2014

ISSN: 2349-8862

Voice Activated Traffic Management System Using Apr 9600 Based

On Embedded System

Sivasankari.S.A
Lavanya.G

Vimal Kumar.M

Assistant Professor, Saveetha School Of Engineering,

Saveetha University, Saveetha Nagar, Thandalam, Chennai

Abstract: The main aim of this project is render safety to

the people using vehicles. In this paper it is going to control
and provide safety to the traffic. Here it is going to manage
and control the traffic using voice activated systems. That is
instead of using traffic lights and sign boards etc. going to
store some standard messages on a voice IC and these ICs
are going to be used in both the transmitter side as well as
receiver side. A transmitter is going to be placed at the
required places and is going to regularly transmit particular
stored messages. For the transmission purpose we are using
Infra-Red signals. All the vehicles will be fitted with
standard frequency receivers. The IR receiver detects the
transmitted signal and gives the signal to the PIC which
analyzes the data and sends signal to the voice IC to display
the particular message.
Keywords: Apr 9600, Ir Sensors, Embedded Systems, Pic
Microcontroller 16xx.

I.

INTRODUCTION

Electronics is a field which has found a prominent place

in the life and soul of everyday technology known to mankind
and unlocks a world of limitlessness unexplored possibilities
to be mastered by mankind. In this paper it is one such attempt
to explore the possibilities of microcontrollers.
We are using the PIC micros latest and powerful version
of microcontroller along with voice IC to realize this paper to
alert the people using voice signals and manage the traffic
using the voice activated systems.
Products using microprocessor generally fall in to two
categories .The first category uses high performance
microprocessors in an application where system performance
is critical. In the second category of applications, the
performance is secondary uses of space, power, rapid
development are more critical than raw processing power.
The microprocessors of this category are often known as
microcontroller.
The microcontroller plays an very important role in our
day to day application. The embedded products use a
microcontroller to do and one task only. An embedded system

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Student, Saveetha School Of Engineering, Saveetha

University, Saveetha Nagar, Thandalam, Chennai

is defined as application design using dedicated hardware and

software. In this paper the PIC microcontroller is used.
In this paper we are giving alert to people on the road
sides and hill sides etc. We are using coded messages to alert
them instead of using boards and signals. We are using voice
IC to record the coded messages and this IC itself place the
messages by identifying that any vehicle arrives. We are using
IR receiver and transmitter in our project receives and
transmits IR signals and identifies the vehicles arriving at a
distance of 20 feet. Thus we are alerting people and provide
safety to them from any accidents.
A. BASICS
Security system is one of the essential and the most
needed system in all the fields nowadays. There are many
forms of security system. Some of them are password entry
system, finger print scanning system, Voice based system etc.
The embedded technology along with a range of available
communication medium is bound to bring a viable solution to
all the time consuming problems while require more accuracy
and speed. Among these we are interested to do in voice based
system. We would like to explain briefly about voice based
system. The purpose of our project is to alert passengers and
people in road side using voice signals. This ensures the safety
of the people. Our project is PIC microcontroller based one.
Because it is highly performable.

II. EMBEDDED SYSTEM

Without even being aware of we are surrounded by
embedded systems. In our daily life we are using number of
embedded system. The desktop computers with a most of us
are familiar as well as work station and mainframe computers
are general purpose computers in that we use them for
performing a variety of everyday task such as accounting,
word processing and scientific calculation. In contrast, an
embedded system performs as single-well defined peripherals
and software used for specific purpose.
Like any other computing system an embedded system is
a combination of hardware and software. Likewise hardware is
a general purpose computer is typically predefined consisting
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International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Studies (IJSRES)

Volume 1 Issue 3, September 2014
ISSN: 2349-8862
of a CPU, monitor, input device and may have secondary
storage devices. In case of an embedded system the hardware
is generally custom built for the system specific purpose.
Microcontrollers drive the revolution in embedded
intelligence. We use more than as many microcontrollers in
the embedded intelligence revolution.
A. REQUIREDMENTS OF EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

B.

Reliability.
Cost effectiveness.
Low power consumption.
Efficient use of processing power.
Efficient use of memory.
Appropriate execution time.
Replace manpower.

MICROCONTROLLER BASED SYSTEMS

The block diagram above which explains that this paper is

based on PIC. TSOP which is the IR receiver , which receives
IR signals. PIC which is the microcontroller APR9600 which
is the voice IC. The APR9600 device incorporates several
features designed to help simply microcontroller controlled
message management. When controlling messages the
microcontroller essentially toggles pins manages the message
section. The BUSY, strobe and M7-END pins or included to
simplify hand shaking between the microprocessor and the
APR9600. The BUSY pin when low indicates to the host
processor that the device is busy and that no commands can be
currently accepted. When this pin is high the device is ready to
accept and execute commands from the host. The strobe pin
pulses low each time a message segments is used. Counting
pulses on this pin enables the host processor to accurately
determine how much recording time has been used, and how
much recording time remains. The APR9600 has total of 8
memory segments.
TSOP

PIC

APR 9600

Figure1
C. MICROCONTROLLER BASED SYSTEM
The M7-END pin is used as an indicator that the device
has stopped its current record or playback operation. During
recording a low going pulse indicates that all memory has
been used. During playback a low pulse indicates that the last
message has played. Microcontroller control can also be used
to link several APR9600 devices together in order to increase
the total available recording time. In this application both the
speaker and the microphone signals can be connected in
parallel. The microprocessor will then control which device
currently drives the speaker by enabling or disabling each
device using their respective CE pins. A continuous message
cannot be recorded in multiple devices however because the
transition from one device to the next will incur the delay that
is noticeable upon playback. For this reason it is

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recommended that message boundaries and device boundaries

always coincide.
D.

IR SENSORS

The power usage of original NAND oscillator can be

reduced without any loss of functionality. The usage of IR
sensors the oscillator will be used to generate square wave at a
desired frequency. The wave is fed into a transistor that
derives an infrared LED ON and OFF very rapidly. Infrared
receiver chips are available at 36, 38, 40KHZ. We are using
here as 38KHZ. These receivers are sensitive to oscillations
several KHZ to either side, although the reception distance
improves with a better signal to start with.
If used for object detection the signal needs to travel the
distance to the object bounce of the object and then travel the
distance back to the receiver. So the distance becomes the
factor here we use the IR sensors which can sense the
transmission up to 20 feet and can be designed to sense up to
more distance by using a different circuits as transmitter
section and receiver section by using low power CMOS
version.

III. POWER SUPPLY

This paper needs a simple single polarity DC power
supply. The existing power supplies may be too big either in
power output or physical size. Just a simple power supply is
required.
For most non-critical applications the best and a simplest
choice for a voltage regulator is the 3-terminal type. The 3
terminal are input, ground and output. The 78XX and 79XX
series can provide up to 1A load current and it has on-chip
circuitry to prevent damage in the event of over- heating or
excessive current. That is the chip simply shuts down rather
than blowing out. These regulators are inexpensive, easy to
use and they make it practical to design a system with many
PCBs in which an unregulated supply is brought in and
regulation is done locally on each circuit board.
This power supply circuit provides a single DC power
supply with the appropriate choice of transformer and 3terminal voltage regulator pairs we can easily build a small
power supply delivering up to 1A. Voltage regulators 7812
and 7805 are fitted with this circuit to give +12V and +5V
respectively.

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Volume 1 Issue 3, September 2014
ISSN: 2349-8862
Here the IR sensor is going to sense the transmitted IR signals
and sends the signal to the PIC controller. The PIC is going to
analyze the Data and switch on the respective switch of the
voice IC and the corresponding message will be displayed on
the loud speaker.

A. TRANSMITTER
APR
960
0

IR
TRANS
MITTE
R
Figure 2: Transmitter
The above diagram shows the basic block diagram of the
transmitter part of the voice activated traffic management
system. Here the stored voice message will be given from the
voice IC to the PIC micro controller. The PIC micro controller
is going to sense the data and gives they signal to the IR
transmitter. The IR transmitter is going to continuously
transmit the signal using IR waves.
PIC

IV. MICROCONTROLLER UNIT

A. NEED FOR MICROCONTROLLER
A single chip microcomputer is obtained by integrating all
the components of a microcomputer in one IC package. Hence
apart from CPU such a single chip microcomputer will
therefore contain its own clock generator and some amount of
ROM,EPROM,RAM, and I/O ports, on the same chip if may
also have other features like timer/counter, USART/UART,
analog I/O channels etc. on that chip. Firstly when the
microcomputer system is designed specifically for a particular
task like special interfacing tasks. It is not advisable to go for a
microprocessor based design which uses so many chips, But
does not utilize the full power of the microprocessor.
Hence micro controller have designed which results in
reduced no. of Chips, less occupation of the space, more
reliability, and less cost, the microcomputer acts as slaves to
large microcomputer system in performing specialized
interfacing tasks such as Digital cassettes, storage systems,
floppy disc controller, industrial process control system etc.

B. RECEIVER
B. HARDWARE DESCRIPTION
PIC
16F877

VOICE
IC APR
9600

LO
UD
SPE
AK
Figure 3: Receiver
ER
The above diagram shows the basic block diagram of the
receiver part of the voice activated traffic management system.

TSOP
1738 IR
RECEIV
ER

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As we have seen above this project uses three main

components. They are IR receivers. PIC micro controller and
the voice IC. In this part we are going to look at the hardware
description of these three main components. Firstly the IR
receiver used in this project is the TSOP 1738. This IR
receiver is used to receive the IR signals transmitted from the
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International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Studies (IJSRES)

Volume 1 Issue 3, September 2014
ISSN: 2349-8862
transmitter. The voice signals are stored in the voice IC APR
9600. This voice IC can store voice signals up to 60 seconds.
The voice signal stored in the Voice IC, can be of continuous
length or of bits of messages totally of length up to 60
seconds. Here the IR receiver receives the signal from the
transmitter and the corresponding message has to be sent to
the loud speaker. For this purpose the voice IC has the facility
of selecting the required message by switching on the
respective switch. This process is carried out by the PIC micro
controller PIC 16F877. This is one of the latest micro
controller version available in the series of PIC 16F87X. The
hardware description of each components used in this project
are explained as below.

V. IR RECEIVER-TSOP 1738

CONTROLLER. Peripheral Interface Controller consists of a

powerful
CPU
tightly
coupled
with
memory
(RAM,ROM,EEPROM) various I/O features such as serial
ports, parallel ports, timer/counters, interrupt controller, data
acquisition interfaces, in-built Analog to Digital
converter(ADC), everything into a single chip.
A. PIC-CORE FEATURES:
The core features of the PIC 16F877 Peripheral Interface
Controller, that is the PIC micro controller are as follows:
High performance RISC CPU.
Only 35 single instructions to learn.
All branches cycles instructions except for program
branches that are two cycles.
Operating speed: DC- 20 MHZ clock input.
DC- 200ns instruction cycle.
Up to 8k*14 words of FLASH program memory.
Up to 368*8 bytes of EEPROM data memory.
Power on Reset(POR).
Power saving sleep mode.
Low power, high speed CMOS FLASH/EEPROM
technology.
Commercial and industrial temperature ranges.
Low power consumption.

The TSOP 17.. - series are miniaturized receivers for infrared

remote control systems. PIN diode and preamplifier receivers
for infrared remote control systems. PIN diode and
preamplifier are assembled on lead frame, the epoxy package
is designed as IR filter.
The demodulated output signal can directly be decoded by
a microprocessor. TSOP 17.. - series is the standard IR remote
control receiver series, supporting all major transmission
codes.
A. FEATURES

The main features of the IR receiver TSOP 1738 are

as follows.
Photo detector and preamplifier in one package.
Internal filter for PCM frequency.
Improved shielding against electrical field
disturbances.
TTL and CMOS compatibility.
Output active low.
Low power consumption.
High immunity against ambient light.
Continuous data transmission possible(up to 2400
bps).
Suitable burst length >=10cycles/burst.

VI. PIC MICRO CONTROLLER PIC 16F877

The

PIC

denotes

PERIPHERAL

INTERFACE
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International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Studies (IJSRES)

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ISSN: 2349-8862

B. PIC- FEATURES
The features of the PIC 16F877 PIC micro controllers are
as follows.
Timer 0:8-bit timer/counter with 8-bit prescaler.
Timer1:16-bit timer/counter with prescaler, can be
incremented during sleep via external clock/crystal.
Timer 2:8-bit timer/counter with 8-bit period register,
prescaler and postscaler
Two capture, compare, PWM Modules.
Capture is 16-bit, maximum resolution is 12.5.
Compare is 16-bit, maximum resolution is 200ns.
10-bit multi-channel Analog to Digital Converter.
Synchronous serial port(SSP) with SPI(master mode) and
I2C(master/slave).
Universal
Synchronous
Asynchronous
Receiver
Transmitter(USART/SCI) with 9-bit address detection.
Brown-out detection circuitry for Brown-out Reset(BOR).

VII. ARCHITECTURE
In hardware architecture there are two types of memory as
Data memory
Program memory
Using separate buses can access these two memories.
This improves the bandwidth over Von-Newmann in
which program and data are fetched from same memory
using same bus.
CPU:
It is called as brain of the device and is responsible for
fetching the correct instruction for execution, decoding the
instruction as well as control the program memory, address
bus, data memory address bus and access to the stack.
ALU AND STATUS REGISTER:
It performs arithmetic and boolean function between the
data in the working register and any register file. ALU may
affect the values of carry and zero bits in status register.
It contains arithmetic status of ALU, RESET status and
band select bit for data memory.
PROGRAM COUNTER AND STACK:
It specifies the address to fetch for execution. The lower
byte as PCL register and PCH as higher byte.
The stack contains the written address from this branch in
program execution. It allows the combination up to 8 program
calls and interrupts to occur.
INSTRUCTION BUS AND INSTRUCTION CYCLE:
The bus is used to transfer words from program memory
to CPU. The events for an instruction to execute are: Decode,
Read, Execute and Write. There are four external clock cycles
to make one instruction cycle.
INSTRUCTION FETCH:
Due to the Harvard architecture when one instruction to
be executed the next location in program memory is fetched
and ready to be decoded as soon as currently executing
instruction is completed.
POST SCALER AND PRE SCALER:
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A post scaler circuit that slows the rate of interrupt

generation from the counter and timer by dividing by down.
A pre scaler circuit that slows the rate of clocking source
to counter or timer.
POWER ON RESET AND POWER UP TIMER:
POR:
The circuitry which determines if the devices power
supply voltage arose from a powered down level. If the device
power supply voltage raising from ground a device RESET
occurs and PWRT is started.
PWRT:
A timer which holds the internal RESET signal low for
timed delay to allow the device voltage to reach the valid
operating voltage range. Once the timer times out the OST
circuitry is enabled.
PROGRAM BUS COUNTER AND MEMORY:
The bus used to transfer instruction words from program
memory to the CPU. Program counter is the register which
specifies the address in program memory that contains the
next instruction to execute. Program memory is the area in a
PIC micro microcontroller where the instructions are stored.
OST(Oscillator Start-up Timer)
This timer counts 1024-crystal/resonator oscillator clock
cycle before releasing the internal RESET signal.
WDT(Watch Dog Timer)
A timer on a PIC micro microcontroller that resets the
processor after a selectable length of time. The WDT is
enabled or disabled and setup using configuration bits.
BROWN-OUT
A condition where the supply voltage of the device
temporarily falls below the specified minimum operation
point. This can occur when a load is switched on and causes
the system/device voltage to drop.
BROWN-OUT RESET(BOR)
Circuitry which will force the device to the RESET state
if the devices power supply voltage falls below a specified
voltage level. Some devices have an internal BOR circuit,
while other devices would require an external circuit to be
created.
I/O PORTS
Some pins for these I/O ports are multiplexed with an
alternate function for the peripheral features on the device. In
general, when a peripheral is enabled, that pin may not be used
as a general purpose I/O pin.
PORT A AND THE TRIS A REGISTER
PORT A is a 6-bit wide, bi-directional port. The
corresponding data direction register is TRIS A. Setting a
TRIS A bit=1 will make the corresponding PORT A pin an
input and clearing TRIS A bit=0 will make the corresponding
PORT A pin an output.
Pin RA4 is multiplexed with timer0 module clock input to
become RA4/T0CKI pin. This pin is Schmitt Trigger input and
an open drain output.
PORT B AND THE TRIS B REGISTER
It is an 8-bit wide and bi-directional port. Setting a TRIS
B bit=1 will make the corresponding PORT B pin an input and
the clearing will make corresponding pin an output. Three pins
of PORT B are multiplexed with low voltage programming
function. RB3/PGM, RB6/PGP and RB7/PGB.
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International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Studies (IJSRES)

Volume 1 Issue 3, September 2014
ISSN: 2349-8862
PORT C AND THE TRIS C REGISTER
PORT C is an 8-bit wide, bi-directional port. The
corresponding data direction register is TRIS C. Setting a
TRIS C bit=1 will make the corresponding PORT C pin an
input and clearing a TRIS C bit=0 will make the
corresponding PORT C pin an output. PORT C is multiplexed
with several peripheral functions PORT C pins have Schmitt
Trigger input buffers.
PORT D AND TRIS D REGISTERS
PORT D and TRIS D are not implemented on the
PIC16F873 or PIC16F876. PORT D is an 8-bit port with
Schmitt Trigger input buffers. Each pin is individually
configurable as an input or output. PORT D can be configured
as an 8-bit wide microprocessor port by setting control bit
PSPMODE. In this mode, the input buffers are TTL.
PORT E AND TRIS E REGISTER
PORT E AND TRIS E are not implemented on the
PIC16F873 or PIC16F876. PORT E has three
pins(RE0/RD/AN5,RE1/WR/AN6, AND RE2/CS/AN7) which
are individually configurable as inputs or outputs. These pins
have Schmitt Trigger input buffers. The PORT E pins become
the I/O control inputs for the microprocessor port when bit
PSPMODE is set. In this mode, the user must make certain
that the bits are set, and that the pins are configured as digital
inputs. Also ensure that ADCON1 is configured for digital I/O.
In this mode, the input buffers are TTL.
Register 3-1 shows the TRIS E register, which also
controls the parallel slave port operation. PORT E pins are
multiplexed with analog inputs. When selected for analog
input, these pins will read as 0's. TRIS E controls the
direction of the RE pins, even when they are being used as
analog inputs. The user must make sure to keep the pins
configured as inputs when using them as analog inputs.

VIII.

Level-activated recording & edge-activated play

back switches.
Low power consumption.
Operating current: 25mA typical.
Standby current:1microA typical.
Automatic power-down.
Chip Enable pin for simple message expansion.

B. GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The APR9600 device offers true single-chip voice
recording, non-volatile storage, and playback capability for 40
to 60 seconds. The device supports both random and
sequential access of multiple messages. Sample rates are userselectable, allowing designers to customize their design for
unique quality and storage time needs. Integrated output
amplifier, microphone amplifier, and AGC circuits greatly
simplify system design. The device is ideal for use in portable
voice recorders, toys and many other consumer and industrial
applications. APLUS integrated achieves these high levels of
storage capability by using its proprietary analog/multilevel
storage technology implemented in an advanced Flash nonvolatile memory process, where each memory cell can store
256 voltage levels. This technology enables the APR9600
device to reproduce voice signals in their natural form. It
elimates the need for encoding and compression, which often
introduce distortion.

VOICE IC-APR9600

It is a single chip voice recording and playback device. It

can store voice signals up to 60 seconds duration. The stored
voice signal can be continuous or number of bits of total time
length of 60 seconds.
A. FEATURES

IX. RESULTS
Single-chip, high-quality voice recording & playback
solution.
No external IC's required.
Minimum external components.
Non-volatile Flash memory technology.
No battery backup required.
User-Selectable messaging options
Random access of multiple fixed-duration
messages.
Sequential access of multiple variable-duration
messages.
User-friendly, easy-to-use operation.
Programming & development systems not
required.
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International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Studies (IJSRES)

Volume 1 Issue 3, September 2014
ISSN: 2349-8862
X. APPLICATION

It is used in hill sides and road ways to alert people.

It is used to reduce accidents takes place in nonpolice constables area.
It is used instead of signals and boards.
It is helpful to alert people and provide safety to their
journey.

REFERENCES
[1] PCM remote control system for micro controller based
system.
[2] 8-bit CMOS flash micro controllers for PIC 16XX.
[3] Single chip voice recording and playback based on
APR9600.

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