Document Number

Project Title
KILO Field Further
Development Project

KILO-W-CAL-0403
Validation
2 Years
Expired Date
9-Oct-2015

Authors Organization
PT. DWE - Engineering

Expansion Analysis
for 8 KC-KA 3 Phase Pipeline

Approval Sheet
Name

Title

Hartono

Project Manager

Anik Artha

Project Lead

Andreas Deny

Engineering Lead

Date

Signature

Revision Status
Rev

Issue Date

By

Chk

App

A
0

15-Jul-2013
09-Oct-2013

ALIT
ALIT

LUTHFI
LUTHFI

SUTRISNO
SUTRISNO

Issue Purpose
Issued For Review
Issued For Approval

Owner
Signature

PT. PHE ONWJ

Expansion Analysis for 8 KC-KA 3 Phase Pipeline

Review & Endorsement Records

This document has no review and endorsement records

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Expansion Analysis for 8 KC-KA 3 Phase Pipeline

Revision Log Register

Revisions had been performed on following pages:
Page
6
8
9

Date
9-Oct-2013
9-Oct-2013
9-Oct-2013

Revision
Update Objective as per client comment
Update Analysis Carried Out as per Client Comment
Add Section 4.4 Temperature Profile

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Expansion Analysis for 8 KC-KA 3 Phase Pipeline

Table of Contents
Review & Endorsement Records
1
Revision Log Register 2
Table of Contents
3
1.
Introduction
4
1.1. General4
1.2. Objective
6
1.3. Scope 6
1.4. Associated Documents 6
1.5. Pipeline Reference
6
1.6. Abbreviation
7
2.
References
7
2.1. International Code & Standards 7
2.2. Company Document
7
2.3. Project Document
7
3.
Conclusions and Recommendations
8
3.1. Analysis Carried Out
8
3.2. Summary
8
3.3. Recommendation
8
4.
Pipeline Design Parameter
9
4.1. Pipeline design life
9
4.2. Pressure and Temperature
9
4.3. Pipeline and Riser Mechanical Properties
4.4. Subsea Pipeline External Coating System
4.5. Concrete Coating Properties
11
4.6. Corrosion Allowance
11
4.7. Environmental Data
11
4.7.1.
Water Depth
11
4.7.2.
Tidal Range
12
4.7.3.
Seawater Properties
12
4.7.4.
Soil Parameters12
5.
Method of Analysis
13
5.1. Pipeline Strain 13
5.2. Frictional Resistance
13
5.3. Anchor Point 14
5.4. Pipeline Expansion
14
6.
Results and Conclusions
16
6.1. Analysis Carried Out
16
6.1. Pipeline Expansion Results
16

9
10

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1.

Expansion Analysis for 8 KC-KA 3 Phase Pipeline

Introduction

1.1. General
KILO Area consists of four producing platforms which are KA, KB, KC and JJA. Based on 2012
reserves report, this field is still potential and will add more production to Offshore North West Java
Operation.
Currently only KA platform active using in-situ gas lift source, but this gas source has limited to
continuous production in KA platform need more gas source from another field. KC platform was
shut down in November 2002 due to 3-phase pipeline KC-KA leak and KB platform was shut down in
June 2006 due to 3 phase pipeline KB-KPRO leak.
KC platform was producing about 500 BOPD and 1 MMSCFD before shut in 11 years ago (2002).
This was happened because of pipeline leak between KC and KA platform. The same problem also
occurred in KB platform in 2006. A leaking in a sub-sea pipeline between KB and KPRO platform
requires the platform to be shut in. The production lost due to KB shut in is about 350 BOPD and 1.7
MMSCFD. KA platform was reactivated and online in September 2012 with initial rate 700 BOPD
and 1.5 MMSCFD. This study will give assurance reserve in KILO field to support in reactivate KB
and KC platforms.

Figure 1: Simplified last KILO Area Operation

Total recoverable reserves in KILO field is 12.2 MMBO and 47.5 BSCF with consist of base
production 2.4 MMBO and 9.3 BSCF, and from POFD can add reserves 9.8 MMBO and 38.2 BSCF.
Maintaining base production to recover this reserves (3.4 MMBO and 8.8 BSCF), wellwork (4.3
MMBO and 10.2 BSCF), and infill well (4.5 MMBO and 28.6 BSCF). Total peak production from this
field 5903 BOPD and 17.49 MMSCFD will be achieved in October 2016.
The plan to reactivate KILO platform divided two phase, first phase was completed at September
2012 and success reactivated KA, KPRO and KCOM platforms, and second phase will be
reactivated KB and KC platforms at Q4 2015.

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Expansion Analysis for 8 KC-KA 3 Phase Pipeline

Based on Appraise and Select Study, fluid from JJA, KB and KC will be separated in KCOM
production separator V-1000, while fluid from KA wells will flow to KPRO production separator CV-2.
Gas out from KPRO production separator comingles with gas out KCOM production separator and
will be sent to B2C platform as sales gas using new MGL KCOM-B2C. While liquid out KPRO
production separator comingles with liquid out KCOM production separator and will be sent to NGLB
using existing 8 MGL KCOM-NGLB as export liquid.
The gas lift for KILO wells will be supplied from B1C platform using new gas lift pipeline B1C-KCOM
and in-situ gas lift.

Figure 2: Process Schematic KILO Field Further Development Project

Pipeline route in KILO Field Further Development Project is presented below.

Figure 3: Pipeline Route in KILO Field Further Development Project

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Expansion Analysis for 8 KC-KA 3 Phase Pipeline

1.2. Objective
This document contains study and calculation of expansion analysis stability for subsea pipeline of
KILO Field Development which consist of 8 KC-KA 3 Phase pipeline. The result of this analysis
determines the pipeline expansion and anchor length of pipeline end at pipeline of KC Platform to
KA Platform.
The expansion analysis is divided into two cases as follows:
Hydrotest condition considering new pipe, water content, hydrotest pressure and sea floor &
content (sea water) temperature during hydrotest condition and,
Operating condition considering 100% corroded product content, maximum operating
pressure and sea floor & design temperature during operating condition.

1.3. Scope
The scope of this report is 8 KC-KA pipeline for both pipeline zone 1 and pipeline zone 2 excluding
expansion spools and riser.

1.4. Associated Documents

Following table listed all documents that referred by and related to this report
Table 1 - Related Documents
Document Title

Document Number
KILO-G-DBS-0001

Project Design Basis

KILO-G-PHI-0001

Project Design Philosophy

KILO-W-CAL-0401

Wall Thickness Analysis for 8 KC-KA 3 Phase Pipeline

KILO-W-CAL-0402

On-Bottom Analysis for 8 KC-KA 3 Phase Pipeline

1.5. Pipeline Reference

The Submarine pipeline and Riser that is required to be installed as part of the KILO Field Further
Development Project described in table below.
Table 2 - Pipeline Reference
Pipeline

Pipeline OD
(mm)

Origin

Termination

Service

8 dia. Pipeline

219

KC

KA

3 Phase

Platform Center
Position

Table 3 - Key Coordinates

Location
Latitude

Longitude

KA Platform

6 1' 48.77" S

107 40' 48.70" E

KC Platform

6 2' 06.20" S

107 41' 08.92" E

Table 4 - Platform Water Depth

Parameter
Platform Center Position
Water Depth (m)
KA Platform

28.96

KC Platform

29.87

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Expansion Analysis for 8 KC-KA 3 Phase Pipeline

1.6. Abbreviation
API
ASME
CA
ERW
HAT
MSL
NPS
PHE ONWJ
SMLS
SMTS
SMYS
2.

American Petroleum Institute

American Society of Mechanical Engineer
Corrosion Allowance
Electric Resistance Welding
Highest Astronomical Tide
Mean Sea Level
Nominal Pipe Size
Pertamina Hulu Energi Offshore North West Java
Seamless
Specified Maximum Tensile Strength
Specified Minimum Yield Strength.

References

2.1. International Code & Standards

The latest versions of the listed documents shall be used in the design, installation, and operation of
the proposed for Subsea Pipeline. This list is not exhaustive and will be updated during subsequent
phases of the project.
1. API 5L

Specification for Line pipe

2. DNV OS F101

Submarine Pipeline Systems

2.2. Company Document

1. PHEONWJ-W-SPE-0005

Specification for Line Pipe

2. PHEONWJ-W-SPE-0006

Specification for Pipeline Corrosion Protection

Coating

2.3. Project Document

1. KILO-G-DBS-0001

Project Design Basis

2. KILO-O-SDY-0002

Flow Assurance and Hydraulic Study of Pipeline

3. KILO-W-CAL-0401

Wall Thickness Analysis for 8 KC-KA 3 Phase

Pipeline

4. KILO-W-CAL-0402

On-Bottom Analysis for 8 KC-KA 3 Phase Pipeline

5. RPT/ STC0811/KCOM-BCOM/0.1

12 K-COM TO B-COM2 (MGL) Subsea Pipeline &

8-inch B-COM1 to K-COM (Gas Lift) Subsea
Pipeline Proposed Pipeline Route Survey Offshore
North West Java, Indonesia.
PID361-14KC-KA MOL/MOL Pipeline Asset Report

6. EGS-R014007-UNIFORM-W-PLR-0001

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3.

Expansion Analysis for 8 KC-KA 3 Phase Pipeline

Conclusions and Recommendations

3.1. Analysis Carried Out

Design pressure of 950 psig and temperature profile based on Pipeline Hydraulic Steady State
Simulation [Ref. 2.3. (2)] were considered for the expansion analysis at operating condition. Detail
calculations are presented in Appendix A and Appendix B.
For the expansion analysis, the following conditions were considered.
1. Operating Condition (corroded pipe, filled with product and 100 year return period).
2. Hydrotest Condition (new pipe, filled with sea-water and subject to hydrotest pressure and 1
year return period)

3.2. Summary
The Pipeline end expansion results are summarized in Table 5.
Table 5 - End Expansion Analysis Result
Pipeline End Expansion (mm)
Case

Anchor Length (m)

At KC
(Hot End)

At KA
(Cold End)

At KC
(Hot End)

At KA
(Cold End)

Operating Condition(1)

79

68

401

401

Hydrotest Condition

70

67

401

401

Note:
1. The result subject to changing based on temperature profile from hydraulic analysis report [Ref.2.3.(2)]

3.3. Recommendation
The expansion of 8 diameter subsea pipeline at KC to KA shall be adopted for riser and spool
flexibility analysis.

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4.

Expansion Analysis for 8 KC-KA 3 Phase Pipeline

Pipeline Design Parameter

The pipeline specific design data are provided in Project Design Basis. However, any specific and
important design data used for expansion calculation are specified herein for easy reference.

4.1. Pipeline design life

The design life for the pipeline system is 20 years.

4.2. Pressure and Temperature

Service pressure and temperature of pipeline systems are presented in table below.
Table 6 - Pipeline/Riser Process Data
Parameters

Units

8 KC-KA 3 Phase Pipeline

Design Pressure

psig

950

Max. Operating Pressure

psig

164

psig

1330

Hydrotest Pressure
Mechanical Design Temperature (Metal)

(1)

Operating Temperature
Density of Content

kg/m

Service

200
109
3

37.32

3 Phase

Note:

1.

For non-mechanical materials (external corrosion coating), the design temperature shall be the operating temperature
added by 30oC [Ref.2.1.(5)].

4.3. Pipeline and Riser Mechanical Properties

The following tables are present pipeline and riser mechanical properties.
Table 7 - Pipeline/Riser Mechanical Properties
Parameters

Units

8 KC-KA 3 Phase Pipeline

Outer Diameter

mm

219

Wall Thickness

mm

12.7

Material

API 5L Grade X52MO or X52QO PSL2 CS

Seam Type

SMLS, SAWL or HFW

SMYS

MPa

360.0 (52.20 ksi)

SMTS

MPa

460.0 (66.70 ksi)

Young Modulus

MPa

2.07 x 105 (30022.9 ksi)

Poison Ratio

0.3

Density

kg/m

Coefficient of Thermal Expansion

/C

7850
1.1 x 10-5

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Expansion Analysis for 8 KC-KA 3 Phase Pipeline

4.4. Temperature Profile Data

The temperature profile for operating condition is adopted from hydraulic analysis whereas
temperature profile for hydrotest condition is generated by logarithmic formulae presented in
Appendix A.
Table 8 - Temperature Profile at Operating Condition (by hydraulic analysis)
No

Temperature
o

Length
m

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

C
42.66
42.51
42.49
42.47
39.65
37.34
29.32
27.30
26.80
26.69

0
0
5
9
24
38
138
238
338
438

11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

26.67
26.66
26.66
26.66
26.66
26.53
26.42
26.39
26.37

538
638
738
838
878
893
908
913
917

Remark
At Launcher Point

Pipeline Start

Pipeline End

At Receiver Point

Table 9 - Temperature Profile at Hydrotest Condition (by logarithmic formulae)

No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Temperature
o

C
30.00
27.35
26.81
26.70
26.68
26.67
26.67
26.67
26.67

KP
Km
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80

Remark
Pipeline Start

Pipeline End

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Expansion Analysis for 8 KC-KA 3 Phase Pipeline

4.5. Subsea Pipeline External Coating System

The external anti-corrosion coating systems for subsea pipeline are presented below:
Table 10 - Subsea Pipeline Coating Properties
Parameters
Units
Asphalt Enamel Thickness
Asphalt Enamel Density

Value

mm

4.0

kg/m3

1281.5

mm

150

Cut Back - Asphalt Enamel

4.6. Concrete Coating Properties

The properties of concrete coating are presented below:
Table 11 - Concrete Coating Properties
Units

Parameters
Density

kg/m

Value
3044

Thickness

mm

32

Cut Back

mm

300 + 10

2-5

Absorption

4.7. Corrosion Allowance

Internal Corrosion allowance for all section pipelines and riser presented below:
Table 12 - Internal Corrosion Allowance
Location

Internal Corrosion
Allowance (mm)

All section pipeline/Riser

3.0(1)

Note :
1. The Internal corrosion allowance was considered based general engineering data since the pipeline will be
transport the sweet fluid without any H2S content.

4.8. Environmental Data

4.8.1. Water Depth
The pipeline water depth data along the route are presented below.

Item

Table 13 Water Depth Data

Unit

Value

Minimum Water Depth

28.96

Maximum Water Depth

29.87

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4.8.2. Tidal Range

The tidal data along the route are presented below :
Table 14 - Tidal Data
Item

Units

Storm Tide (Surge)

Highest Astronomical Tide (HAT)

Return Period
1-Year

100-Year

0.152

0.244
1.158

4.8.3. Seawater Properties

The seawater properties are presented below.

Parameter
Density of Sea Water
Sea Water Temperature
Kinematics Viscosity

Table 15 - Sea Water Properties

Unit
kg/m
o

Value

1025

80

1.13 x 10-5

m /s

4.8.4. Soil Parameters

Based on marine survey report RPT/ STC0811/KCOM-BCOM/0.1 (Ref.2.3.6), generally the seabed top
soil layer can be categorized as soft clay. Detailed of soil characteristic are presented in below
table.

Parameter
Soil Type

1)

Undrained Shear Strength1)

Angle Friction

1)

Submerged Weight2)

Table 16 - Soil Parameters

Units

Value

Very Soft Clay

kPa

2.0 5.0

Deg

0.0

kg/m3

815.7

Note:
5. Soil type based on marine survey report RPT/ STC0811/KCOM-BCOM/0.1, specific at KCOM area.
6. Submerge weight is adopted from DNV RP F105 for soil clay type.

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Expansion Analysis for 8 KC-KA 3 Phase Pipeline

5. Method of Analysis
During its design life, pipeline is subjected to an increase in internal pressure and temperature from
its as-installed condition. These loads cause the pipeline to expand at its free end and induce
stresses and forces in the pipe wall.

5.1. Pipeline Strain

Pipeline expansion is calculated by integrating the net strain along the pipeline hot and cold anchor
lengths. The description of individual strain components were described in the subsequent section.
Refer Figure 5 for strain components illustration.
5.2.1.
End Cap Strain
The end cap strain is caused by the internal pressure of the fluid in the pipeline acting at an
effectively "closed" end of a pipeline, such as a bend. The strain is approximately as per following
formula, this strain acts over the whole length of the pipeline

Pin Di Po Do
.
4
EAs

...5.1

5.2.2.
Poisson Strain
The Poisson strain is a result of the action of the hoop stress, which radially expands the pipeline.
According to Poisson's effect, a longitudinal strain is developed and is given by

V .

Pin .Di Po .Do

2.t 2 .E

..........................................................................................................5.2

5.2.3.
Temperature Strain
When a pipeline is installed, its length in an unstressed condition is governed by the ambient
temperature of the seawater. Any increase in this temperature will cause thermal expansion given
by

T .T ..5.3
5.2.4.
Total Applied Strain
The total applied strain acting along the pipeline length is the summation of the applied strains
described above, i.e.
tot= E++T....5.4

5.2. Frictional Resistance

Friction resistance between an object and the surface it is resting on is given by the Coulomb
relationship, resulting from the normal force acting between the surfaces. For a pipeline, the fictional
resistance increases linearly with distance, L, from the pipeline free end, in proportion to the
cumulative pipe weight. For buried pipelines, additional resistance to movement is provided by the
soil pressure acting around the pipeline, as shown in Figure 5.2.1. The frictional resistance is given
by:

.Dt2
. b .g.H b .Dt .(1 K o ) (Ws b .g .
)
4
2

...5.5

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Expansion Analysis for 8 KC-KA 3 Phase Pipeline

The frictional strain is given by:

F .L
As .E 5.6

b*g*(H
*g*(Hpc-Dt/2)
-Dt/2)
pc

ko*s*g*Hpc

Dt

b*g*(Hpc+Dt/2)
Figure 4: Frictional Forces for Buried Pipe
5.2.1.
State of Strain in the Pipeline
The applied strain in the pipeline is opposed by the frictional strain, giving a net strain

net tot f

...5.7

5.3. Anchor Point

At a certain point along the pipeline, the frictional resistance strain is large enough to equal the
applied strain, forming an anchor point beyond which pipeline movement is prevented. As friction is a
"passive" reaction, it is only mobilized to an amount less than, or equal to, the applied strain. The
location of the anchor point can be determined by equating the applied force to the frictional force,
therefore

LA

tot . As .E
F
..5.8

5.4. Pipeline Expansion

Once the state of strain in the pipeline is determined, the expansion at the free end can be found by
integrating the strain over the anchor length.
LA

net ( z )

( tot f ).dz
5.9

F .L
L tot .L A
2.E. As
2
A

..5.10

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Expansion Analysis for 8 KC-KA 3 Phase Pipeline

Hot end expansion (Lh) is given by:

Lh

Lh

net

.dx
..5.11

Cold end expansion (Lc) is given by:

L

Lc

net

.dx

L Lc

..5.12

Figure 5: Pipeline Strain Diagram Long Pipeline

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Expansion Analysis for 8 KC-KA 3 Phase Pipeline

6. Results and Conclusions

6.1. Analysis Carried Out
1. Two conditions were considered for end expansion analysis, i.e. maximum operating
condition with 100% corroded and Hydrotest with un-corroded pipe.
2. For Hydrotest case, fluid content temperature was considered to be equal to sea water
temperature and ambient temperature equal to minimum sea floor temperature of 15 oC as a
conservative approach.
3. For operating case, temperature profile was considered from pipeline hydraulic calculation
and ambient temperature equal to minimum sea floor temperature as a conservative
approach.
4. The pipeline is assumed to be straight with no lateral or vertical curvature. Both pipeline
ends are assumed to be free. The restraining effect of the risers is considered negligible.
5. Residual lay tension is neglected.
6. The pipeline is restricted by seabed soil friction only. The soil friction is assumed constant
along pipeline.
7. Marine growth is neglected.

6.1. Pipeline Expansion Results

Summary of results for the pipeline thermal expansion analysis for 8 inch KC-KA 3 Phase pipeline is
presented Table 17.
Table 17 - Summary of the Pipeline Thermal Expansion analysis for 8KC-KA 3 Phase pipeline
Temperature
Expansion
Anchor Length
Line
pipe
WT
(oC)
(mm)
(m)
Case
OD
(mm)
Inlet
Outlet Ambient
At KC
At KA
At KC
At KA
(mm)
Operating

12.7

37.34

26.67

15.00

79

68

401

401

12.7

30.0

26.67

15.00

70

67

401

401

219
Hydrotest

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Expansion Analysis for 8 KC-KA 3 Phase Pipeline

Appendices

Appendix A
Appendix B

:
:

8 KC to KA 3 Phase Pipeline Expansion Calculation (Hydrotest)

8 KC to KA 3 Phase Pipeline Expansion Calculation (Operation)

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Expansion Analysis for 8 KC-KA 3 Phase Pipeline

Appendix A. 8 KC to KA 3 Phase Pipeline Expansion Calculation

(Hydrotest)

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Appendix B. 8 KC to KA 3 Phase Pipeline Expansion Calculation

(Operation)

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