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notice. This document does not provide you with any legal rights to any intellectual property in any Microsoft product or product name. You may copy and use
this document for your internal, reference purposes. You may modify this document for your internal, reference purposes. 2013 Microsoft. All rights reserved.
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Table Of Contents
Chapter 1
Install and Deploy Windows Server

Chapter 1

Install and Deploy Windows Server 2012 R2 and Windows Server

2012
Published: February 29, 2012
Updated: April 2, 2014
Applies To: Windows Server 2012, Windows Server 2012 R2

Use the articles in this section to learn how to install and deploy Windows Server 2012 R2 and Windows Server 2012.

Windows Server 2012 R2

Windows Server 2012 R2 Update
This topic summarizes the features included in the Windows Server 2012 R2 Update. Related updates have also been released for Windows 8.1 and Windows 8.1
RT.
System Requirements and Installation Information for Windows Server 2012 R2
This document provides information about installing the Windows Server 2012 R2 operating system, including important steps to take prior to installation,
supported upgrade paths for the release, and information about installing versions distributed as virtual hard disk (VHD) files.
Release Notes: Important Issues in Windows Server 2012 R2
These release notes address the most critical issues and information about the Windows Server 2012 R2 operating system.
Upgrade Options for Windows Server 2012 R2
This document summarizes key information about the supported upgrade paths from previously licensed retail versions of Windows Server to Windows Server
2012 R2.
Features Removed or Deprecated in Windows Server 2012 R2
These features and functionalities in Windows Server 2012 R2 have either been removed from the product in the current release or are planned for potential
removal in subsequent releases deprecated.
Common Management Tasks and Navigation in Windows Server 2012 R2 and Windows Server 2012
Windows Server 2012 R2 and Windows Server 2012 feature the new Modern user interface. This topic helps you find and open common management tools,
create shortcuts to frequently used programs, run programs with elevated privileges, and perform common tasks such signing in and out, restarting, and shutting
down computers that are running Windows Server 2012 R2 and Windows Server 2012.

Windows Server 2012

Installing Windows Server 2012
This document provides information about installing the Windows Server 2012 operating system, including any known issues that you might need to work around
before starting an installation. It also provides information that you can use to troubleshoot problems that may occur during the installation.
Release Notes: Important Issues in Windows Server 2012
These release notes address the most critical issues and information about the Windows Server 2012 operating system. For information about by-design
changes, new features, and fixes in this release, see documentation and announcements from the specific feature teams.
Evaluation Versions and Upgrade Options for Windows Server 2012
This document summarizes key information about evaluation versions of Windows Server 2012, including where to obtain them, the limits on their use, and how to
convert them to full retail versions. It also summarizes the supported upgrade paths from previously licensed retail versions of Windows Server to Windows
Server 2012.
Windows Server Installation Options
This document summarizes the differences between the installation options available for Windows Server 2012, including the features that are installed with each
option, the management options available after installation, and how to switch between the installation options during use.
Server Core and Full Server Integration Overview
In Windows Server 2012, the Server Core installation option is no longer an irrevocable selection that is made during setup. An administrator now has the
flexibility to change to a Server Core installation or a full, GUI-based installation as needed, after operating system installation is finished.
Configure and Manage Server Core Installations
This collection of topics provides the information needed to install and deploy Server Core servers; install, manage, and uninstall server roles and features; and
manage the server locally or remotely. It also includes a quick reference table of common tasks and the commands for accomplishing them locally on a Server
Core server.
Features Removed or Deprecated in Windows Server 2012
This is a list of features and functionalities in Windows Server 2012 that have either been removed from the product in the current release or are planned for
potential removal in subsequent releases. The list is intended for IT pros who are updating operating systems in a commercial environment.
Common Management Tasks and Navigation in Windows Server 2012 R2 and Windows Server 2012
Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012 feature the new Windows user interface. This topic helps you find and open common management tools, create shortcuts
to frequently used programs, run programs with elevated user rights, and perform common tasks such as signing in and out, restarting, and shutting down
computers that are running Windows Server 2012 and Windows 8.

 2014 Microsoft. All rights reserved.

Windows Server 2012 R2 Update

Published: April 2, 2014
Updated: April 23, 2014
Applies To: Windows Server 2012 R2

This topic summarizes the features included in the Windows Server 2012 R2 Update. Related updates have also been released for Windows 8.1 and Windows 8.1 RT. For
more details about the updates for Windows 8.1 and Windows 8.1 RT, see What's new in Windows 8.1 Update and Windows RT 8.1 Update.

Obtaining the update

If you are running Windows Server 2012 R2, this update will appear as a required update in Windows Update as KB2919355. You can also obtain a version of Windows
Server 2012 R2 that has the update already included from the Microsoft Download Center (search that location for KB2919355).
Release notes, system requirements, deprecated features, and related release documentation for Windows Server 2012 R2 also apply to Windows Server 2012 R2
Update. See Install and Deploy Windows Server 2012 R2 and Windows Server 2012 for those topics.
Note
To confirm the exact version of Windows Server 2012 R2 that is installed on a computer, run Msinfo32.exe. If Windows Server 2012 R2 Update is installed, the value
reported for Hardware Abstraction Layer will be 6.3.9600.17031.

Changes included in the update

After the update is installed, the following features are present:

Internet Explorer 11 now includes an Enterprise Mode. This mode is available if you disable Enhanced Security Configuration and provides better compatibility
for sites designed for Internet Explorer 8, along with tools to manage which web apps use it. You can specify a list of web apps to render dynamically in
Enterprise Mode, avoiding compatibility problems with web apps written for older versions of Internet Explorer. For more information, see the Internet Explorer
11 FAQ for IT Pros or TechNet documentation.
The user interface includes buttons for Search and Power on the Start page. If you install the Desktop Experience feature, other changes introduced with Windows
8.1 Update will also be visible. For details, see What's new in Windows 8.1 Update and Windows RT 8.1 Update. The specific Windows 8.1 features installed when
you install Desktop Experience have not changed from those in Windows Server 2012 R2 (see Desktop Experience Overview).
Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS) has added the capability for an administrator to enable signing in with an alternate login ID that is an attribute of the
user object in Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS). This enables customers to adopt Azure Active Directory without modifying on-premises User Principal
Names (UPNs). It also allows users to log in to Office 365 services by using an email address instead of a UPN. This change does not affect the Active Directory
schema. For more information, see Configuring Alternate Login ID.
The update includes all other updates released since Windows Server 2012 R2 was released.

See also
What's new in Windows 8.1 Update and Windows RT 8.1 Update
Install and Deploy Windows Server 2012 R2 and Windows Server 2012
Desktop Experience Overview

2014 Microsoft. All rights reserved.

System Requirements and Installation Information for Windows

Server 2012 R2
Published: June 24, 2013
Updated: June 24, 2013
Applies To: Windows Server 2012 R2

This topic addresses the information you need to install Windows Server 2012 R2. The process of moving to Windows Server 2012 R2 might vary greatly depending on
which operating system you are starting with and the pathway you take. We use the following terms to distinguish among different actions, any of which could be involved
in a new Windows Server 2012 R2 deployment.

Installation is the basic concept of getting the new operating system on your hardware. Specifically, a clean installation requires deleting the previous operating
system.
Upgrade means moving from your existing operating system to Windows Server 2012 R2, while staying on the same hardware. You can upgrade from an evaluation
version of Windows Server 2012 R2, a current retail version of certain editions of Windows Server 2012 R2 an action known as license conversion, a previous
retail version of certain editions of Windows Server, or from a volume-licensed edition of Windows Server 2012 R2. Even while staying on the same hardware, some
server roles might require specific steps to ensure a smooth upgrade. For detailed information about upgrading by any of these methods to Windows Server 2012
R2, see upgrade options
Migration means moving from your existing operating system to Windows Server 2012 R2 by transferring to a different set of hardware. Migration, which might
vary considerably depending on the server roles you have installed, is discussed in detail at http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/windowsserver/dn458795.

Clean installation
Before you start a clean installation of Windows Server 2012 R2, you should perform the following steps.

1. Review the system requirements

2. Review preinstallation documentation
3. Obtain the product
4. Perform preinstallation tasks

Review system requirements

The following are estimated system requirements for the Windows Server 2012 R2. If your computer has less than the "minimum" requirements, you will not be able to
install this product correctly. Actual requirements will vary based on your system configuration and the applications and features you install.

Important
The highly diverse scope of potential deployments makes it unrealistic to state recommended system requirements that would be generally applicable. Consult
documentation for each of the server roles you intend to deploy for more details about the resource needs of particular server roles. For the best results, conduct
test deployments to determine appropriate system requirements for your particular deployment scenarios.

Processor
Processor performance depends not only on the clock frequency of the processor, but also on the number of processor cores and the size of the processor cache. The
following are the processor requirements for this product:

Minimum: 1.4 GHz 64-bit processor

RAM
The following are the estimated RAM requirements for this product:

Minimum: 512 MB

Important
If you create a virtual machine with the minimum supported hardware parameters (1 processor core and 512 MB RAM) and then attempt to install this release on the

virtual machine, Setup will fail.

To avoid this, do one of the following:

Allocate more than 800 MB RAM to the virtual machine you intend to install this release on. Once Setup has completed, you can change the allocation to as
little as 512 MB RAM, depending on the actual server configuration.
Interrupt the boot process of this release on the virtual machine with SHIFT+F10. In the command prompt that opens, use Diskpart.exe to create and format an
installation partition. Run Wpeutil createpagefile /path=C:\pf.sys (assuming the installation partition you created was C:). Close the command prompt and
proceed with Setup.

Disk space requirements

The following are the estimated minimum disk space requirements for the system partition.

Minimum: 32 GB

Note
Be aware that 32 GB should be considered an absolute minimum value for successful installation. This minimum should allow you to install Windows Server
2012 R2 in Server Core mode, with the Web Services (IIS) server role. A server in Server Core mode is about 4 GB smaller than the same server in Server with a
GUI mode. For the smallest possible installation footprint, start with a Server Core installation and then completely remove any server roles or features you do
not need by using Features on Demand. For more information about Server Core and Minimal Server Interface modes, see Windows Server Installation
Options.
The system partition will need extra space for any of the following circumstances:
If you install the system over a network.
Computers with more than 16 GB of RAM will require more disk space for paging, hibernation, and dump files.

Other requirements
You also must have the following:

Gigabit (10/100/1000baseT) Ethernet adapter

DVD drive (if you intend to install the operating system from DVD media)

The following items are not strictly required, but are necessary for certain features:

Super VGA (1024 x 768) or higher-resolution monitor

Keyboard and Microsoft mouse or other compatible pointing device
Internet access (fees may apply)

Review preinstallation documentation

To ensure that you are aware of any issues that might require workarounds, features that have been removed from the product, and features that have been added to
the product, review these topics:

Features Removed or Deprecated in Windows Server 2012 R2

Release Notes: Important Issues in Windows Server 2012 R2
What's New in Windows Server 2012 R2

Obtain the server product

You can obtain evaluation versions of Windows Server 2012 R2 (convertible to retail versions) in ISO or VHD format from the TechNet Evaluation Center.
You can obtain evaluation versions (convertible to retail versions) in ISO or VHD format from the TechNet Evaluation Center. You can also buy retail versions from the
Microsoft Store.

Perform preinstallation tasks

Before you install Windows Server 2012 R2, follow the steps in this section to prepare for the installation.

Disconnect UPS devices. If you have an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) connected to your destination computer, disconnect the serial cable before running
Setup. Setup automatically attempts to detect devices that are connected to serial ports, and UPS equipment can cause issues with the detection process.
Back up your servers. Your backup should include all data and configuration information that is necessary for the computer to function. It is important to
perform a backup of configuration information for servers, especially those that provide network infrastructure, such as Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
(DHCP) servers. When you perform the backup, be sure to include the boot and system partitions and the system state data. Another way to back up
configuration information is to create a backup set for Automated System Recovery.
Disable your virus protection software. Virus protection software can interfere with installation. For example, it can make installation much slower by scanning
every file that is copied locally to your computer.
Provide mass storage drivers. If your manufacturer has supplied a separate driver file, save the file to a floppy disk, CD, DVD, or Universal Serial Bus (USB) flash
drive in either the root directory of the media or the amd64 folder. To provide the driver during Setup, on the disk selection page, click Load Driver (or press
F6). You can browse to locate the driver or have Setup search the media.
Be aware that Windows Firewall is on by default. Server applications that must receive unsolicited inbound connections will fail until you create inbound firewall
rules to allow them. Check with your application vendor to determine which ports and protocols are necessary for the application to run correctly.
For more information about Windows Firewall, see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=84639.

Evaluation versions of Windows Server 2012

Evaluation versions are 64-bit only and can be installed with the Server Core option or the Server with a GUI option. For more information about these installation
options, how to convert between them, and how to use the Minimal Server Interface and Features on Demand, see http://technet.microsoft.com//library/hh831786.
For all editions, you have 10 days to complete online activation, at which point the evaluation period begins and runs for 180 days. During the evaluation period, a
notification on the Desktop displays the days remaining the evaluation period (except in Windows Server 2012 Essentials). You can also run slmgr.vbs /dlv from an
elevated command prompt to see the time remaining.

Limits of evaluation versions

All evaluation versions are fully functional during the evaluation period, although booting to Safe mode is not available. The Windows Server 2012 Standard and
Windows Server 2012 Datacenter editions come with the activation key pre-installed. After the 180-day evaluation period elapses, the server warns you in various ways
depending on the edition:
Windows Server 2012 Standard; Windows Server 2012 Datacenter:

The following warning appears on the Desktop: Windows License is expired

When you log on to Windows, you are prompted with the following options:
Activate now
Ask me later
The system shuts down every hour.
The only updates that can be installed are security updates.
Event ID 100 from source WLMS The license period for this installation of Windows has expired. The operating system will shut down every hour. appears in the
Application log.

Windows Server 2012 Essentials: you receive warnings on the Desktop and on the dashboard, but the server does not shut down.

Installing versions distributed as VHDs

In addition to the other distribution channels, Windows Server 2012 R2 is also available as a pre-configured virtual hard disk (VHD) file, which you can obtain from the
TechNet Evaluation Center (http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/evalcenter/dn205286.aspx). VHD files are available with Windows Server 2012 R2 pre-configured in either
Server Core mode or Server with a GUI mode (though you can switch modes after installation at will). The resulting virtual machine has the following characteristics:

English only
2 GB RAM
1 CPU
80 GB hard drive

To use the VHD distribution, you must have a computer running Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows Server 2012, or Windows Server 2012 R2. The Hyper-V server role
must be installed.

To install the VHD

1. Download the VHD file.
2. Start Hyper-V Manager. On the Action menu, select Import Virtual Machine.
3. Navigate to the directory that the virtual machine file was extracted to and select the directory (not the directory where the VHD file is located).
4. Select the Copy the virtual machine option.
5. Confirm that the import was successful by checking Hyper-V Manager.
6. Configure the network adapter for the resulting virtual machine: right-click the virtual machine and select Settings. In the left pane, click Network Adapter. In
the menu that appears, select one of the network adapters of the virtualization server, and then click OK.
7. Start the virtual machine.

Copyright
This document is provided asis. Information and views expressed in this document, including URL and other Internet Web site references, may change without notice.
This document does not provide you with any legal rights to any intellectual property in any Microsoft product. You may copy and use this document for your internal,
reference purposes.
2013 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
Microsoft, Active Directory, Hyper-V, MS-DOS, Windows, Windows NT, Windows Server, and Windows Vista are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft
Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.
This product contains graphics filter software; this software is based in part on the work of the Independent JPEG Group.
All other trademarks are property of their respective owners.
1.0

2014 Microsoft. All rights reserved.

Upgrade Options for Windows Server 2012 R2

Published: June 24, 2013
Updated: November 1, 2013
Applies To: Windows Server 2012 R2

This topic includes information about upgrading to Windows Server 2012 R2 from a variety of previous operating systems using a variety of methods.
The process of moving to Windows Server 2012 R2 might vary greatly depending on which operating system you are starting with and the pathway you take. We use the
following terms to distinguish among different actions, any of which could be involved in a new Windows Server 2012 R2 deployment.

Installation is the basic concept of getting the new operating system on your hardware. Specifically, a clean installation requires deleting the previous operating
system. For information about installing Windows Server 2012 R2, see System Requirements and Installation Information for Windows Server 2012 R2. For
information about installing other versions of Windows Server, see Windows Server Installation and Upgrade.
Upgrade means moving from your existing operating system release to a more recent release, while staying on the same hardware. For example, if your server is
running Windows Server 2012, you can upgrade it to Windows Server 2012 R2. You can upgrade from an evaluation version of the operating system to a retail
version, from an older retail version to a newer version, or, in some cases, from a volume-licensed edition of the operating system to an ordinary retail edition.
License conversion in some operating system releases, you can convert a particular edition of the release to another edition of the same release in a single step
with a simple command and the appropriate license key. We call this license conversion. For example, if you are running Windows Server 2012 R2 Standard, you
can convert it to Windows Server 2012 R2 Datacenter.
Migration means moving from your existing operating system to Windows Server 2012 R2 by transferring to a different set of hardware. Migration, which might
vary considerably depending on the server roles you have installed, is discussed in detail at http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/windowsserver/dn458795.

Depending on your scenario, you might encounter a variety of different upgrade pathways.

Upgrading previous retail versions of Windows Server to Windows Server 2012 R2

The table below briefly summarizes which already licensed (that is, not evaluation) Windows operating systems can be upgraded to which editions of Windows Server
2012 R2.
Note the following general guidelines for supported paths:

In-place upgrades from 32-bit to 64-bit architectures are not supported. All editions of Windows Server 2012 R2 are 64-bit only.
In-place upgrades from one language to another are not supported.
In-place upgrades from one build type (fre to chk, for example) are not supported.
If the server is a domain controller, see http://technet.microsoft.com/library/hh994618.aspx for important information.
Upgrades from pre-release versions of Windows Server 2012 R2 are not supported. Perform a clean installation to Windows Server 2012 R2.
Upgrades that switch from a Server Core installation to the Server with a GUI mode of Windows Server 2012 R2 in one step (and vice versa) are not supported.
However, after upgrade is complete, Windows Server 2012 R2 allows you to switch freely between Server Core and Server with a GUI modes. For more
information about these installation options, how to convert between them, and how to use the new Minimal Server Interface and Features on Demand, see
http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh831786.

If you do not see your current version in the left column, upgrading to this release of Windows Server 2012 R2 is not supported.
If you see more than one edition in the right column, upgrade to either edition from the same starting version is supported.

If you are running:

You can upgrade to these editions:

Windows Server 2008 R2 Datacenter with SP1

Windows Server 2012 R2 Datacenter

Windows Server 2008 R2 Enterprise with SP1

Windows Server 2012 R2 Standard or Windows Server 2012 R2 Datacenter

Windows Server 2008 R2 Standard with SP1

Windows Server 2012 R2 Standard or Windows Server 2012 R2 Datacenter

Windows Web Server 2008 R2 with SP1

Windows Server 2012 R2 Standard

Windows Server 2012 Datacenter

Windows Server 2012 R2 Datacenter

Windows Server 2012 Standard

Windows Server 2012 R2 Standard or Windows Server 2012 R2 Datacenter

Hyper-V Server 2012

Hyper-V Server 2012 R2

Windows Storage Server 2012 Standard

Windows Storage Server 2012 R2 Standard

Windows Storage Server 2012 Workgroup

Windows Storage Server 2012 R2 Workgroup

Per-server-role considerations for upgrading

Even in supported upgrade paths from previous retail versions to Windows Server 2012 R2, certain server roles that are already installed might require additional
preparation or actions for the role to continue functioning after the upgrade. Consult the specific TechNet Library topics for each server role you intend to install for
details of additional steps that might be required.

Converting a current evaluation version to a current retail version

You can convert the evaluation version of Windows Server 2012 R2 Standard to either Windows Server 2012 R2 Standard (retail) or Datacenter (retail). Similarly, you
can convert the evaluation version of Windows Server 2012 R2 Datacenter to the retail version.
Before you attempt to convert from evaluation to retail, verify that your server is actually running an evaluation version. To do this, do either of the following:

From an elevated command prompt, run slmgr.vbs /dlv; evaluation versions will include EVAL in the output.
From the Start screen, open Control Panel. Open System and Security, and then System. View Windows activation status in the Windows activation area of
the System page. Click View details in Windows activation for more information about your Windows activation status.

If you have already activated Windows, the Desktop shows the time remaining in the evaluation period.
If the server is running a retail version instead of an evaluation version, see the Upgrading previous retail versions of Windows Server to Windows Server 2012 R2
section of this topic for instructions to upgrade to Windows Server 2012.
For Windows Server 2012 Essentials: You can convert to the full retail version by entering a retail, volume license, or OEM key in the command slmgr.vbs.
If the server is running an evaluation version of Windows Server 2012 Standard or Windows Server 2012 Datacenter, you can convert it to a retail version as follows:

1. If the server is a domain controller, you cannot convert it to a retail version. In this case, install an additional domain controller on a server that runs a retail
version and remove AD DS from the domain controller that runs on the evaluation version. For more information, see http://technet.microsoft.com/enus/library/hh994618.aspx.
2. Read the license terms.
3. From an elevated command prompt, determine the current edition name with the command DISM /online /Get-CurrentEdition. Make note of the edition ID,
an abbreviated form of the edition name. Then run DISM /online /Set-Edition:<edition ID> /ProductKey:XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX
/AcceptEula, providing the edition ID and a retail product key. The server will restart twice.

For the evaluation version of Windows Server 2012 Standard, you can also convert to the retail version of Windows Server 2012 Datacenter in one step using this
same command and the appropriate product key.
Tip
For more information about Dism.exe, see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=192466.

Converting a current retail version to a different current retail version

At any time after installing Windows Server 2012, you can run Setup to repair the installation sometimes called repair in place or, in certain cases, to convert to a
different edition.
You can run Setup to perform a repair in place on any edition of Windows Server 2012; the result will be the same edition you started with.
For Windows Server 2012 Standard, you can convert the system to Windows Server 2012 Datacenter as follows: From an elevated command prompt, determine the
current edition name with the command DISM /online /Get-CurrentEdition. Make note of the edition ID, an abbreviated form of the edition name. Then run DISM
/online /Set-Edition:<edition ID> /ProductKey:XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX /AcceptEula, providing the edition ID and a retail product key. The server
will restart twice.

Converting a current volume-licensed version to a current retail version

At any time after installing Windows Server 2012, you can freely convert it between a volume-licensed version, a retail version, or an OEM version. The edition remains
the same during this conversion.
To do this, from an elevated command prompt, run:
slmgr /ipk <key>
Where <key> is the appropriate volume-license, retail, or OEM product key.

2014 Microsoft. All rights reserved.

Release Notes: Important Issues in Windows Server 2012 R2

Published: September 9, 2013
Updated: April 9, 2014
Applies To: Windows Server 2012 R2

These release notes address the most critical issues and information about the Windows Server 2012 R2 operating system. For information about by-design changes, new
features, and fixes in this release, see documentation and announcements from the specific feature teams. For information about important steps to take before installing
this release, including issues that you may need to work around, see System Requirements and Installation Options for Windows Server 2012 R2. Unless otherwise
specified, these notes apply to all editions and installation options of Windows Server 2012 R2.
This document is continuously updated; as critical issues requiring a workaround are discovered, they are added.

Setup on virtual machines

If you create a virtual machine with the minimum supported hardware parameters (1 processor core and 512 MB RAM) and then attempt to install this release on the
virtual machine, Setup will fail.
To avoid this, do one of the following:

Allocate more than 800 MB RAM to the virtual machine you intend to install this release on. Once Setup has completed, you can change the allocation to as little
as 512 MB RAM, depending on the actual server configuration.
Interrupt the boot process of this release on the virtual machine with SHIFT+F10. In the command prompt that opens, use Diskpart.exe to create and format an
installation partition. Run Wpeutil createpagefile /path=C:\pf.sys (assuming the installation partition you created was C:). Close the command prompt and
proceed with Setup.

Add/Remove Features wizard

In two screens, the wizard refers to Windows Server 2012; the text should read Windows Server 2012 and Windows Server 2012 R2. There is no impact to functionality.

Internet Explorer 11
Input Method Editor (IME) input does not accept non-Latin characters with Adobe Flash in Internet Explorer. Only Latin characters can be inserted with an IME. To
avoid this, use Internet Explorer for desktop.
If you visit a website that contains Adobe Flash Player-based content, no PlayTo endpoints are listed in the Devices charm. There is no workaround at this time.
When you pause Adobe Flash Player-based content in Internet Explorer and switch to Internet Explorer for desktop, the content might not be visible when you
return. To avoid this, do not pause content when switching to the desktop. If this has already occurred, try refreshing the web page.

Storage Spaces
If you host a shared VHDX resource on Storage Spaces and then enable deduplication, virtual machines will not boot while the shared VHDX is attached. Do not enable
deduplication on volumes that host shared VHDX resources.

Windows Server Essentials Experience

These issues affect both Windows Server 2012 R2 Essentials and other editions of Windows Server 2012 R2 when the Essentials Experience is installed with Server
Manager.

The Windows Server Essentials Experience only works in a single-domain environment that does not include a read-only domain controller. There is no
workaround at this time.
If you install Windows Server Essentials as a virtual machine, and if your server is not connected to the network (or the DHCP service is not available) while running
the Configure Windows Server Essentials wizard, Anywhere Access functionalities (such as Remote Web Access, virtual private networking, and DirectAccess) are
blocked.
To avoid this, ensure that your server has a network connection when you install Windows Server Essentials as a virtual machine and run the Configure Windows
Server Essentials Wizard. If this has already occurred, manually configure the DNS forwarder settings.
If you enable NIC teaming and then run the Anywhere Access setup wizard, autoconfiguration of the router is skipped and you will receive a false No internet
connection warning on the dashboard.
To correct this, manually configure the router to forward traffic on port 80/443 to the address of the teamed network interface adapter. If the server is a domain
controller and had the DNS server role installed, you should also ensure that DNS on the teamed NiC is set to 127.0.0.1,::1 and that DNS forwarders are
properly configured.

Work Folders
The client and server must be running the same milestone release for Work Folders to function properly. For example, if the server is running this milestone release of
Windows Server 2012 R2, the client must be running the same milestone release of Windows 8.1.

Copyright
This document is provided asis. Information and views expressed in this document, including URL and other Internet Web site references, may change without notice.
This document does not provide you with any legal rights to any intellectual property in any Microsoft product. You may copy and use this document for your internal,
reference purposes.
2013 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
Microsoft, Active Directory, Hyper-V, MS-DOS, Windows, Windows NT, Windows Server, and Windows Vista are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft
Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.
This product contains graphics filter software; this software is based in part on the work of the Independent JPEG Group.
All other trademarks are property of their respective owners.
3.0

2014 Microsoft. All rights reserved.

Features Removed or Deprecated in Windows Server 2012 R2

Published: June 24, 2013
Updated: April 16, 2014
Applies To: Windows Server 2012 R2

The following is a list of features and functionalities in Windows Server 2012 R2 that have either been removed from the product in the current release or are planned for
potential removal in subsequent releases deprecated. It is intended for IT professionals who are updating operating systems in a commercial environment. This list is
subject to change in subsequent releases and may not include every deprecated feature or functionality. For more details about a particular feature or functionality and its
replacement, see the documentation for that feature.
For your quick reference, following table briefly summarizes the status of features that have been removed or deprecated in either Windows Server 2012 or Windows
Server 2012 R2.
Note
This table is necessarily abbreviated; if you see a feature marked for deprecation or removal, please consult the detailed information in this topic or in Features
Removed or Deprecated in Windows Server 2012.

Quick reference table

Feature

Windows Server 2012

Windows Server 2012 R2

Removed

Removed

Deprecated

AD FS v1 Web Agent

Deprecated

AD FS inplace upgrade from AD FS 1.0 or out of box AD FS 2.0

AD FS support for Resource Group

AD FS support for NT Token mode

AD FS support for using AD LDS as an authentication store

AD RMS license revocation

AD RMS SDK

Application Server role

Built-in drivers for tape drives

Cluster Automation Server COM API

x (made optional)

x (optional)

Cluster.exe command-line interface

x (made optional)

x (optional)

CertObj COM and InetInfo interfaces of the Web Server role

Dcpromo.exe

x
x

Dfscmd.exe
Drivers for Jet Red RDBMS and ODBC

x
x

File Replication Service

GAA_FLAG_INCLUDE_TUNNEL_BINDINGORDER flat in GetAdaptersAddresses

Internet Information Service (IIS) 6.0 Manager

Layered Service Providers

IscsiVirtualDiskSnapshot and associated WMI methods

LPR/LPD protocol

Namespace for version 1.0 of WMI; WMIC (in WMI)

x
x

NDIS version 5.0, 5.1, and 5.2 APIs

Net DMA

Network Access Protection (NAP)

Network Information Service (NIS) and Tools (in RSAT)

Nfsshare.exe

NFSv2 support

Oclist.exe

ODBC support for 16- and 32-bit applications and drivers

ODBC/OLEDB support for Microsoft Oracle

ODBC/OLEDB support for SQL beyond SQL Server 7 and SQL 2000

Providers for SNMP, Win32_ServerFeature API, Active Directory, MSClus WMI1.0 (in WMI)

Recovery disk creation

Remote Data Service

Role Collector (Ceiprole.exe) and associated API

SCSIport host-bus adapter

Servermanagercmd.exe

SIS Limited API

Slmgr.vbs options

SMB 1.0
SMB.sys

x
x

SMTP and associated management tools

SQLXMLX

Storage Explorer snap-in for MMC

Storage Manager for SANs snap-in for MMC

Subsystem for UNIX-based Applications

Support for 32-bit cluster resource DLLs

Support for hardware drivers for XDDM

Support for Microsoft SQL Server prior to 7.0

Support for native VGA via the PC/AT BIOS or UEFI CSM

Support for Static VMQ

Support for Token Rings

Support for Visual Studio Analyzer 2003 over ODBC, OLEDB, and ADO

System Image Backup Windows 7 File Recovery

Telnet server
VM Chimney (also called TCP Offload) (in Hyper-V)

x
x

Windows Server 2003 domain and functional levels of Active Directory

Windows Authorization Manager (AzMan)

Windows Help executable (WinHlp32.exe)

x
x

Windows Identity Foundation 3.5

Windows Server Resource Manager

Winsock Direct

WMI root\virtualization namespace v1 (in Hyper-V)

XDR schema elements, XSl pattern feature of MSXML3 (in XML)

Features removed from Windows Server 2012 R2

The following features and functionalities have been removed from this release of Windows Server 2012 R2. Applications, code, or usage that depend on these features
will not function in this release unless you employ an alternate method.
Note
If you are moving to Windows Server 2012 R2 from a server release prior to Windows Server 2012, you should also review Features Removed or Deprecated in
Windows Server 2012.

Backup and file recovery

The File Backup and Restore feature has been removed. Use the File History feature instead.
System Image Backup the Windows 7 File Recovery feature has been removed. Instead, use Reset your PC.

Drivers
Drivers for tape drives have been removed from the operating system. Instead, use the drivers provided by the manufacturer of your tape drive.

Recovery disk creation

The ability to create a recovery disk on CD or DVD has been removed. Use the Recovery Disk to USB feature.

Slmgr.vbs options
The /stao (sets token activation only) and /ctao (clears activation tokens only) options of Slmgr.vbs have been removed. These options have been replaced by more
flexible activation command options.

Subsystem for UNIX-based Applications

The Subsystem for UNIX-based Applications (SUA) has been removed. If you use the SUA POSIX subsystem with this release, use Hyper-V to virtualize the server. If
you use the tools provided by SUA, switch to Cygwin's POSIX emulation, or use either mingw-w64 (available from Sourceforge.net) or MinGW (available from
MinGW.org) for doing a native port.

WMI root\virtualization namespace v1 (used in Hyper-V)

The WMI root\virtualization\v1 namespace has been removed. Instead use the root\virtualization\v2 namespace.

Features deprecated starting with Windows Server 2012 R2

The following features and functionalities are deprecated starting with this release. Eventually, they will be completely removed from the product, but they are still
available in this release, sometimes with certain functionality removed. You should begin planning now to employ alternate methods for any applications, code, or usage
that depend on these features.

Active Directory
The Active Directory Rights Management Services (AD RMS) SDK has been deprecated. To build applications for AD RMS, migrate to AD RMS SDK 2.0, which
leverages functionality exposed by the client in Msipc.dll.
The license revocation functionality in AD RMS is deprecated. Use the protection policy to control the document lifecycle. To remove access to a particular
document, set the validity time to 0 in the template, or select Require a connection to verify a users permission in Microsoft Office. Be aware that both of

these options require a connection to a Rights Management Server in order to open the files.
The File Replication Service (FRS; part of the Active Directory Domain Services role) is deprecated. You should migrate any FRS-based SYSVOLs to use
Distributed File System Replication.
The Windows Server 2003 domain functional level is deprecated. When you create a new domain on a server that runs Windows Server 2012 R2, the domain
functional level must be Windows Server 2008 or newer. For more details about supported domain functional levels in Windows Server 2012 R2, see <LINK>.

Application Server
The Application Server role is deprecated and will eventually no longer be available as an installable server role. Instead, install individual features and roles
separately.

COM and Inetinfo interfaces of the Web Server role

The IIS CertObj COM interface is deprecated. Use alternate methods for managing certificates.
The Inetinfo interface is deprecated.

DNS
The GAA_FLAG_INCLUDE_TUNNEL_BINDINGORDER flag in GetAdaptersAddresses is deprecated. There is no specific replacement.

File and storage services

The SIS Limited API set is deprecated. Once it is removed, backups of SIS-enabled volumes on servers running Windows Server 2008 R2 or earlier operating
systems will not be able to be restored to newer servers. If you use this API, you should limit the target operating system to older versions that still support the
API.
Dfscmd.exe is deprecated. Instead, use Windows PowerShell cmdlets for Distributed File System Namespaces or the Dfsutil.exe command set.
Support for the Network File System version 2 protocol is deprecated. This means that UNMP protocol support, version 2 of the MOUNT protocol, and
versions 1, 2, and 3 of the NLM protocol are also deprecated. Migrate to using NFS version 3 or 4.1.
Nfsshare.exe is deprecated. Instead, use Windows PowerShell cmdlets in scripts for share provisioning.
The Local Mount driver, related cmdlets MountIscsiVirtualDiskSnapshot, DismountIscsiVirtualDiskSnapshot and WMI methods see WMI section of this
document), as well as conversion of VHD files from prior to Windows Server 2012 R2 using Convert-IscsiVirtualDisk are deprecated. Change any scripts that use
these cmdlets or WMI methods to use the Export-IscsiVirtualDiskSnapshot cmdlet. Then assign it to an iSCSI target and use it like any other iSCSI virtual disk.
Alternately, you can access virtual disks using a local loopback iSCSI initiator.

IIS Manager 6.0

Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager 6.0 is deprecated. It has been replaced by a newer management console.

Networking
Network Access Protection (NAP) is deprecated. Other options for keeping client computers up to date and secure for remote access include DirectAccess, Windows
Web Application Proxy, and various non-Microsoft solutions.

Network Information Service (NIS) and Tools (in RSAT)

The Server for Network Information Service (NIS) is deprecated. This includes the associated administration tools in Remote Server Administration Tools (RSAT). Use
native LDAP, Samba Client, Kerberos, or non-Microsoft options.

RSAT: Identity management for Unix/NIS

The Server for Network Information Service (NIS) Tools option of Remote Server Administration Tools (RSAT) is deprecated. Use native LDAP, Samba Client, Kerberos,
or non-Microsoft options.

SMB
SMB 1.0 is deprecated. Once this is removed, systems running Windows XP or Windows Server 2003 (or older) operating systems will not be able to access file

shares. SMB 1.0 has been replaced by SMB 2.0 and newer versions.

Telnet server
Telnet server is deprecated. Instead, use Remote Desktop.

Windows Identity Foundation

Windows Identity Foundation (WIF) 3.5 is deprecated and has been replaced by WIF 4.5. You should start migrating applications that use WIF to WIF 4.5 or Windows
.NET Framework 4.5.

SQL Lite
SQL Lite is deprecated. Migrate to alternatives such as SQL LocalDb.

WMI providers and methods

The WMI version 1 provider for MSCluster is deprecated; it is being replaced by a WMI version 2 provider.
The WMI methods related to the file server Local Mount driver and related cmdlets (WT_Snapshot.DVMount, WT_SnapShot.DVDismount,
WT_Disk.GetDVMountPoints, and the WT_DVMountedPath class are deprecated. See the File and storage services section of this document for more
information.

Copyright
This document is provided asis. Information and views expressed in this document, including URL and other Internet Web site references, may change without notice.
This document does not provide you with any legal rights to any intellectual property in any Microsoft product. You may copy and use this document for your internal,
reference purposes.
2013 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
Microsoft, Active Directory, Hyper-V, MS-DOS, Windows, Windows NT, Windows Server, and Windows Vista are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft
Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.
This product contains graphics filter software; this software is based in part on the work of the Independent JPEG Group.
All other trademarks are property of their respective owners.
4.2

2014 Microsoft. All rights reserved.

Common Management Tasks and Navigation in Windows Server

2012 R2 and Windows Server 2012
Published: June 24, 2013
Updated: November 5, 2013
Applies To: Windows Server 2012, Windows Server 2012 R2

Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012, and Windows 8 feature the new Modern user interface. This topic helps you find and open common
management tools, create shortcuts to frequently-used programs, run programs with elevated privileges, and perform common tasks like signing in and out, restarting,
and shutting down computers that are running Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012, or Windows 8.
You can install Windows Server 2012 R2 or Windows Server 2012 with a minimal user interface that is well-suited to remote management. For more information, see
Windows Server Installation Options.
In this topic:

Open the Start screen

Shut down or restart the computer
Lock the computer or sign out
Close a Windows app
Access Settings for the current screen
Access Control Panel
Access Administrative Tools
Create shortcuts
Open the Run dialog box
Run a program as administrator or as another user
Use common IT Pro tools:
Open Server Manager
Start Windows PowerShell
Open Remote Desktop Connection
Open Command Prompt
Open Microsoft Management Console (MMC) and snap-ins
Keyboard shortcuts
Use keyboard shortcuts in a Remote Desktop session
Use keyboard shortcuts in Hyper-V virtual machines

Open the Start screen

The Start screen is the home of Windows apps. To open the Start screen, use one of these methods:

Press the Windows logo key. In a virtual machine, you can press Ctrl+Esc.
Hover the mouse cursor in the upper right corner of the screen, and then click Start.
On the desktop, hover the mouse cursor in the lower left corner of the screen, and click when the thumbnail of the Start screen appears.

Shut down or restart the computer

To shut down the computer
1. Hover the mouse cursor in the upper right corner of the screen, and then click Settings.
2. Click Power, and then click Shut down.

To restart the computer

1. Hover the mouse cursor in the upper right corner of the screen, and then click Settings.
2. Click Power, and then click Restart.

Lock the computer or sign out

To lock the computer
On the Start screen, click your user name in the upper right corner, and then click Lock. Alternatively, on the Start screen, press the Windows logo key+L.

To sign out from the computer

On the Start screen, click your user name in the upper right corner, and then click Sign out.

Close a Windows app

When Windows apps like Internet Explorer are open but not in use, they are automatically minimized and become inactive, freeing resources for other apps. This
functionality is similar to a cell phone, tablet PC, or other mobile computer. It is not necessary to close an app, but you can follow steps in this section if you want to do
so.

To close a Windows app

With the app active, hover at the top edge of the screen until the mouse cursor becomes a hand. Click and drag the app to the bottom of the screen, and then
release.

Access Settings for the current screen

To open the Settings bar
Press the Windows logo key+i to open the Settings bar for the current screen (for example, Start, the desktop, or a Windows app).
Alternatively, hover the mouse cursor in the upper right corner of the screen, and then click Settings.

Access Control Panel

You can access Control Panel from the Start screen and from the desktop.

To open Control Panel from the Start screen

On the Start screen, click Control Panel.

To open Control Panel from the desktop

1. On the desktop, hover the mouse cursor in the upper right corner of the screen, and then click Settings.
2. Click Control Panel.

To open common Control Panel tools by using typed commands

1. On the Start screen, type one of the following, and then press Enter to open common Control Panel management tools.
ncpa.cpl to open Control Panel\Network and Internet\Network Connections.

sysdm.cpl to open the System Properties dialog box that is available at Control Panel\System and Security\System\Advanced System Settings.
appwiz.cpl to open Control Panel\Programs\Programs and Features\Uninstall or change a program.
inetcpl.cpl to open the Internet Properties dialog box that is available at Control Panel\Network and Internet\Internet Options.

Tip
For more Control Panel tool commands that you can type directly on the Start screen, see How to run Control Panel tools by typing a command.

To add Control Panel to the desktop

1. Open Control Panel.
2. In the Control Panel Search box, type desktop.
3. In the Control Panel Search results, in Display, click Show or hide common icons on the desktop.
4. In Desktop Icon Settings, select Control Panel, and then click OK.

Access Administrative Tools

The Administrative Tools folder contains links to many common Microsoft Management Console (MMC) snap-ins, including Computer Management, Event Viewer,
and the management tools for installed roles or features.
Tip
The Start screen settings (accessed by pressing the Windows logo key+i on the Start screen) include an option to allow or prevent tools in the Administrative Tools
folder from being displayed in search results and on the Start screen. This setting is enabled by default.

To access Administrative Tools in Server Manager

In the Server Manager menu bar, click Tools to access the contents of the Administrative Tools folder.

To open the Administrative Tools folder from the Start screen

1. On the Start screen, click Administrative Tools. You can also type Administrative Tools on the Start screen, and then click Administrative Tools in the list of
results.

Tip
If the Show Administrative tools setting is turned off, the Administrative Tools folder and its contents will not appear in the Settings results. The Show
Administrative tools setting is available when you hover the mouse cursor over the upper or lower right edge of the Start screen, click Settings, and then click
Tiles.

To open the Administrative Tools folder from the Control Panel

Open Control Panel, click System and Security, and then click Administrative Tools.

Create shortcuts
To create a shortcut on the desktop
1. In File Explorer, navigate to the location of the program for which you want to create a shortcut.
2. Right-click the executable file in the program folder, and then click Create shortcut. Because of restricted user access rights, Windows does not allow shortcuts
to be created in some folders, including the Program Files folder.
3. Drag the shortcut to a folder of your choice, to the desktop, or to the desktop taskbar. If the shortcut cannot be created in the location of the executable file
(typically because the access rights for the Program Files folder are restricted), and you are prompted to select a location for the shortcut, browse to the
Desktop folder.

To pin a program to the desktop taskbar from the Start screen

1. On the Start screen, search for or navigate to the app that you want to pin to the desktop taskbar.
2. Right-click the app tile, and in the app bar, click Pin to taskbar.

To pin a program to the desktop taskbar from File Explorer

1. Open File Explorer.
2. Navigate to the folder where the program that you want to pin to the desktop taskbar is located.
3. Right-click the executable file in the program folder, and then click Pin to Taskbar.

To pin a program or folder to the Start screen

1. Open File Explorer.
2. Navigate to the program or folder that you want to pin to the Start screen.
3. Right-click the executable file or folder, and then click Pin to Start.

Open the Run dialog box

To open the Run dialog box
On the desktop, press the Windows logo key+R to open the Run dialog box.
Alternatively, on the Start screen, type Run, and then press Enter.

Run a program as administrator or as another user

To run a program as administrator from the Start screen
1. On the Start screen, navigate to the app that you want to run as Administrator.
2. Right-click the app tile, and in the app bar, click Run as administrator.

To run a program as administrator from the desktop

1. Right-click the executable file in File Explorer, or right-click the program shortcut on the desktop.
2. Click Run as administrator.

To run a program as another user

Do one of the following.
Add the Run as a different user command to the app bar by enabling the following Group Policy setting: User Configuration/Administrative
Templates/Start Menu and Taskbar/Show "Run as different user" command on Start. To start Local Group Policy Editor, on the
Start screen, type gpedit.msc, and then press Enter.
Use the runas command from a command prompt. For more information about how to use the runas command, at a command prompt, type runas /?,
and then press Enter.

Open Server Manager

By default, Server Manager starts when a member of the Administrators group signs in to a computer that is running Windows Server 2012 R2 or Windows Server
2012. If Server Manager is not already open, if you are a standard (non-Administrator) user on the server, or if administrators have changed Server Manager default
settings so that it does not open automatically at sign-in, open Server Manager by using procedures in this section.

To open Server Manager from the Start screen

On the Start screen, click Server Manager.

Note
If the Show Administrative tools setting is disabled, the Server Manager tile does not appear on the Start screen.

To open Server Manager from the desktop

On the taskbar, click Server Manager.

Start Windows PowerShell

To start Windows PowerShell from the Start screen
On the Start screen, click Windows PowerShell.

To start Windows PowerShell from the desktop

On the taskbar, click Windows PowerShell.

To start Windows PowerShell with elevated user rights (Run as administrator)

To run Windows PowerShell as an administrator from the Start screen, right-click the Windows PowerShell tile, and in the app bar, click Run as administrator.
To run Windows PowerShell as an administrator from the desktop, right-click the Windows PowerShell shortcut in the taskbar, and then click Run as
Administrator.

Open Remote Desktop Connection

To open Remote Desktop Connection from the Start screen
1. On the Start screen, type mstsc.
2. In the Search Apps results, click mstsc.

To open Remote Desktop Connection from the desktop

1. On the desktop, press the Windows logo key+R to open the Run dialog box.
2. In the Run dialog box, type mstsc, and then press Enter.

Open Command Prompt

To open Command Prompt from the Start screen
1. On the Start screen, type cmd.
2. In the Apps results, click cmd.

To open Command Prompt from the desktop

1. On the desktop, press the Windows logo key+R to open the Run dialog box.
2. In the Run dialog box, type cmd, and then press Enter.

To open Command Prompt with elevated user rights (Run as administrator)

Do one of the following.
To run Command Prompt as an administrator from the Start screen on Windows Server 2012 R2, type cmd, right-click Command Prompt in the Search
results, and on the shortcut menu, click Run as administrator.
To run Command Prompt as an administrator from the Start screen on Windows Server 2012, type cmd, right-click Command Prompt in the Apps
results, and then in the taskbar, click Run as Administrator.

Open Microsoft Management Console (MMC) and snap-ins

To open MMC from the Start screen
1. On the Start screen, type mmc.
2. In the Apps or Search results, click mmc.

To open MMC from the desktop

1. On the desktop, press the Windows logo key+R to open the Run dialog box.
2. In the Run dialog box, type mmc, and then press Enter.

To open an MMC snap-in from the Start screen

1. On the Start screen, type the executable file name of a snap-in.
Example: Type gpedit.msc.
2. When the snap-in is displayed in the Apps or Search results, click the tile.

To open an MMC snap-in from the desktop

1. On the desktop, press the Windows logo key+R to open the Run dialog box.
2. Type the executable file name of a snap-in, and then press Enter.
Example: Type gpedit.msc.

To open Event Viewer

Do one of the following.
1. To open Event Viewer from the Start screen, type eventvwr.msc, and then press Enter.
2. To open Event Viewer from the desktop, press the Windows logo key+R to open the Run dialog box, type eventvwr.msc, and then press Enter.

Tip
Alternatively, you can open a technology-specific snap-in from the Administrative Tools folder. For information about how to access the Administrative Tools
folder, see Access Administrative Tools in this topic.

Keyboard shortcuts
This section provides keyboard shortcuts that are unchanged from Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2, and a table of shortcuts that are new for the Modern user
interface in Windows 8 and Windows Server 2012.
Note
Keyboard shortcuts require certain settings and environments to work in a Remote Desktop or virtual machine session. For more information, see Use keyboard
shortcuts in a Remote Desktop session and Use keyboard shortcuts in Hyper-V virtual machines in this topic.

Keyboard shortcuts that are unchanged from Windows 7 or Windows Server 2008 R2
Key

Windows 7 or Windows Server 2008 R2 Functionality

Windows logo key

Display or hide the Start screen

Windows logo key+left arrow

Dock active window of a desktop app to left half of screen (no effect on Windows Store apps)

Windows logo key+right arrow

Dock active window of a desktop app to right half of screen (no effect on Windows Store apps)

Windows logo key+up arrow

Maximize active desktop app window (no effect on Windows Store apps)

Windows logo key+down arrow

Restore or minimize active desktop app window (no effect on Windows Store apps)

Windows logo key+Shift+up arrow

Maximize active desktop app window vertically, maintaining width (no effect on Windows Store apps)

Windows logo key+Shift+down arrow

Restore or minimize active desktop app window vertically (no effect on Windows Store apps)

Windows logo key+Shift+left arrow

Move active desktop app window to monitor on the left (no effect on Windows Store apps)

Windows logo key+Shift+right arrow

Move active desktop app window to monitor on the right (no effect on Windows Store apps)

Windows logo key+P

Display projection options

Windows logo key+Home

Minimize all non-active windows, restore on second keystroke (no effect on Windows apps)

Windows logo key+<number>

Open or switch to the program located at the specified position on the taskbar (Example: Windows logo key+1 to open first
program.)

Windows logo key+Shift+<number>

Open a new or additional session in the program located at the specified position on the taskbar

Windows logo
key+Ctrl+Shift+<number>

Open a new or additional session of the program located at the specified position on the taskbar, running as Administrator

Windows logo key+B

Set focus in the notification area.

Windows logo key+Break

Display the System Properties dialog box.

Windows logo key+D

Show the desktop, restore on second keystroke (no effect on Windows apps)

Windows logo key+E

Open File Explorer to display the Computer page

Windows logo key+Ctrl+F

Search for computers (if you are on a network)

Windows logo key+G

Cycle through installed Windows Desktop Gadgets

Windows logo key+L

Lock your computer (if you are connected to a network domain), or switch users (if you are not connected to a network
domain)

Windows logo key+M

Minimize all windows

Windows logo key+Shift+M

Restore minimized windows to the desktop (no effect on Windows apps)

Windows logo key+R

Open the Run dialog box.

Windows logo key+T

Set focus on the taskbar and cycle through programs

Windows logo key+Alt+Enter

Open Windows Media Center

Windows logo key+U

Open Ease of Access Center

Windows logo key+X

Open Windows Mobility Center

Windows logo key+F1

Open Windows Help and Support

Windows logo key+N

Creates a new note (OneNote)

Windows logo key+S

Opens screen clipper (OneNote)

Windows logo key+Q

Opens Lync (Lync)

Windows logo key+A

Accepts incoming call (Lync)

Windows logo key+X

Rejects incoming call (Lync)

Windows logo key+Minus (-)

Zoom out (Magnifier)

Windows logo key+Plus (+)

Zoom in (Magnifer)

Windows logo key+Esc

Close Magnifier

Keyboard shortcuts that are new for Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012, and Windows 8
Key

Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows 8.1, Windows 8, or Windows Server 2012 Functionality

Windows logo key+spacebar

Switch input language and keyboard layout

Windows logo key+O

Locks device orientation

Windows logo key+Y

Temporarily displays the desktop

Windows logo key+V

Cycles through notifications

Windows logo key+Shift+V

Cycles through notifications in reverse order

Windows logo key+Enter

Opens Narrator

Windows logo key+PgUp

Moves Windows apps to the monitor on the left

Windows logo key+PgDown

Moves Windows apps to the monitor on the right

Windows logo key+Shift+period (.)

Moves the gutter to the left (snaps an application)

Windows logo key+period (.)

Moves the gutter to the right (snaps an application)

Windows logo key+C

Opens charms bar

Windows logo key+I

Opens Settings pane

Windows logo key+K

Opens Devices pane

Windows logo key+H

Opens Share pane

Windows logo key+Q

Opens Search pane

Windows logo key+W

Opens Settings Search app

Windows logo key+F

Opens File Search app

Windows logo key+Tab

Cycles through Windows apps

Windows logo key+Shift+Tab

Cycles through Windows apps in reverse order

Windows logo key+Ctrl+Tab

Cycles through Windows apps and snaps them as they are cycled

Windows logo key+Z

Opens app bar

Use keyboard shortcuts in a Remote Desktop session

Before you connect to a Remote Desktop (also known as RDP) session, you can configure the session to accept Windows key combinations, whether the session is
contained within a window, or occupies the full screen.

To apply keyboard shortcuts to a Remote Desktop session

1. If the Remote Desktop Connection dialog box is not already open, open it by typing mstsc on the Start screen, and then pressing Enter.
2. On the Remote Desktop Connection dialog box, click Show Options to display connection setting tabs.
3. In the Keyboard area of the Local Resources tab, select one of the following from the Apply Windows key combinations drop-down list.
To apply keyboard shortcuts to a full-screen Remote Desktop session, select Only when using the full screen.

To apply keyboard shortcuts to a Remote Desktop session that is contained within a window, select On the remote computer.
4. When you are finished configuring other settings for your Remote Desktop session, click Connect to connect to the session and start working, or click Save
on the General tab to save your connection settings as an RDP file that you can use for future connections.

Use keyboard shortcuts in Hyper-V virtual machines

Before you start a virtual machine connection, you can apply Windows key combinations to virtual machine connections on a physical host computer by editing the
Hyper-V settings for the physical computer in the Hyper-V Manager console.
Note
The setting in this procedure is selected by default if the Hyper-V host computer is running Windows Server 2012 R2 or Windows Server 2012. If the host computer
is running Windows 8.1, Windows 8, Windows Server 2008 R2, or Windows Server 2008, you must change the setting to apply Windows key combinations to virtual
machine connections.

To apply keyboard shortcuts to new virtual machine connections

1. Open the Hyper-V Manager snap-in if it is not already open.
If you are running Remote Server Administration Tools for Windows 8.1 or Windows 8, or you are running Windows Server 2012 R2 or Windows
Server 2012, open Server Manager, and then open Hyper-V Manager from the Tools menu in Server Manager.
On the Start screen, click Hyper-V Manager.
If the Hyper-V Manager tile is not on the Start screen, type all or part of the name, Hyper-V Manager until the Hyper-V Manager tile appears on the
Start screen.
2. In the tree pane, right-click the physical host computer, and then click Hyper-V Settings.
3. In the User area of the navigation pane, click Keyboard to display keyboard shortcut settings.
4. Select Use on the virtual machine to allow new virtual machine connections to accept Windows key combinations from the physical computer. Click OK to
save your changes and close the Hyper-V Settings dialog box.
Note
This setting does not apply to virtual machine connections that are already open.

2014 Microsoft. All rights reserved.

Installing Windows Server 2012

Published: February 29, 2012
Updated: May 31, 2012
Applies To: Windows Server 2012

This document provides information about installing the Windows Server 2012 operating system, including any known issues that you may need to work around before
starting an installation. It also provides information that you can use to troubleshoot problems that may occur during the installation. For information about serious known
issues that you may need to work around after installation is complete, see the release notes, available at the same location as this document.
Setup works in several stages. You will be prompted for some basic information, and then Setup will copy files and restart the computer. Setup concludes by presenting a
menu for Initial Configuration Tasks, which you can use to configure your server for your specific needs.

Preinstallation information
System requirements
The following are estimated system requirements for the Windows Server 2012. If your computer has less than the "minimum" requirements, you will not be able to
install this product correctly. Actual requirements will vary based on your system configuration and the applications and features you install.

Processor
Processor performance depends not only on the clock frequency of the processor, but also on the number of processor cores and the size of the processor cache.
The following are the processor requirements for this product:

Minimum: 1.4 GHz 64-bit processor

RAM
The following are the estimated RAM requirements for this product:

Minimum: 512 MB

Disk space requirements

The following are the estimated minimum disk space requirements for the system partition.

Minimum: 32 GB

Note
Be aware that 32 GB should be considered an absolute minimum value for successful installation. The system partition will need extra space for any of the
following circumstances:
If you install the system over a network.
Computers with more than 16 GB of RAM will require more disk space for paging, hibernation, and dump files.

Other requirements
You also need to have the following:

DVD drive
Super VGA (800 x 600) or higher-resolution monitor
Keyboard and Microsoft mouse or other compatible pointing device
Internet access (fees may apply)

Important information for x64-based operating systems

Ensure that you have updated and digitally signed kernel-mode drivers for Windows Server 2012
If you install a Plug and Play device, you may receive a warning if the driver is not digitally signed. If you install an application that contains a driver that is not digitally
signed, you will not receive an error during Setup. In both cases, Windows Server 2012 will not load the unsigned driver.
If you are not sure whether the driver is digitally signed, or if you are unable to boot into your computer after the installation, use the following procedure to disable
the driver signature requirement. This procedure enables your computer to start correctly, and the unsigned driver will load successfully.
To disable the signature requirement for the current boot process:

1. Restart the computer and during startup, press F8.

2. Select Advanced Boot Options.
3. Select Disable Driver Signature Enforcement.
4. Boot into Windows and uninstall the unsigned driver.

For more information, see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=66577.

Before you start Setup

Before you install Windows Server 2012, follow the steps in this section to prepare for the installation.

Disconnect UPS devices. If you have an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) connected to your destination computer, disconnect the serial cable before running
Setup. Setup automatically attempts to detect devices that are connected to serial ports, and UPS equipment can cause issues with the detection process.
Back up your servers. Your backup should include all data and configuration information that is necessary for the computer to function. It is important to
perform a backup of configuration information for servers, especially those that provide network infrastructure, such as Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
(DHCP) servers. When you perform the backup, be sure to include the boot and system partitions and the system state data. Another way to back up
configuration information is to create a backup set for Automated System Recovery.
Disable your virus protection software. Virus protection software can interfere with installation. For example, it can make installation much slower by scanning
every file that is copied locally to your computer.
Provide mass storage drivers. If your manufacturer has supplied a separate driver file, save the file to a floppy disk, CD, DVD, or Universal Serial Bus (USB) flash
drive in either the root directory of the media or the amd64 folder. To provide the driver during Setup, on the disk selection page, click Load Driver (or press
F6). You can browse to locate the driver or have Setup search the media.
Be aware that Windows Firewall is on by default. Server applications that must receive unsolicited inbound connections will fail until you create inbound firewall
rules to allow them. Check with your application vendor to determine which ports and protocols are necessary for the application to run correctly.
For more information about Windows Firewall, see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=84639.

Supported upgrade paths

The table below briefly summarizes supported upgrade paths to Windows Server 2012. For more details on upgrade paths, important caveats to upgrade, and
additional information about evaluation versions, see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=260917.
If you do not see your current version in the left column, upgrading to this release of Windows Server 2012 is not supported.
If you see more than one edition in the right column, upgrade to either edition from the same starting version is supported.

If you are running:

You can upgrade to these editions:

Windows Server 2008 Standard with SP2 or Windows Server 2008 Enterprise with SP2

Windows Server 2012 Standard, Windows Server 2012 Datacenter

Windows Server 2008 Datacenter with SP2

Windows Server 2012 Datacenter

Windows Web Server 2008

Windows Server 2012 Standard

Windows Server 2008 R2 Standard with SP1 or Windows Server 2008 R2 Enterprise with SP1

Windows Server 2012 Standard, Windows Server 2012 Datacenter

Windows Server 2008 R2 Datacenter with SP1

Windows Server 2012 Datacenter

Windows Web Server 2008 R2

Windows Server 2012 Standard

Copyright
This document is provided asis. Information and views expressed in this document, including URL and other Internet Web site references, may change without notice.
This document does not provide you with any legal rights to any intellectual property in any Microsoft product. You may copy and use this document for your internal,
reference purposes.
2012 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
Microsoft, Active Directory, Hyper-V, MS-DOS, Windows, Windows NT, Windows Server, and Windows Vista are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft
Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.
This product contains graphics filter software; this software is based in part on the work of the Independent JPEG Group.
All other trademarks are property of their respective owners.
2.0

2014 Microsoft. All rights reserved.

Release Notes: Important Issues in Windows Server 2012

Published: February 29, 2012
Updated: August 15, 2012
Applies To: Windows Server 2012

These release notes address the most critical issues and information about the Windows Server 2012 operating system. For information about bydesign changes, new
features, and fixes in this release, see documentation and announcements from the specific feature teams. For information about important steps to take before installing
this release, including issues that you may need to work around, see Installing Windows Server 2012, a document available at the same location as this document. Unless
otherwise specified, these notes apply to all editions and installation options of the Windows Server 2012.
This document is continuously updated; as critical issues requiring a workaround are discovered, they are added.

Upgrade
If you upgrade from a Full installation of Windows Server 2008 or Windows Server 2008 R2 to Windows Server 2012 in Server with a GUI mode, and then switch
Windows Server 2012 to Server Core mode, conversion back to Server with a GUI mode will fail.
To avoid this, delete these registry keys with the following commands:
reg delete HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\WINEVT\Publishers\{bc2eeeec-b77a-4a52-b6a4-dffb1b1370cb}
reg delete HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\WINEVT\Publishers\{57e0b31d-de8c-4181-bcd1-f70e880b49fc}
reg delete HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\WINEVT\Publishers\{8c9dd1ad-e6e5-4b07-b455-684a9d879900}
After running these commands, restart the upgrade.

Copyright
This document is provided asis. Information and views expressed in this document, including URL and other Internet Web site references, may change without notice.
This document does not provide you with any legal rights to any intellectual property in any Microsoft product. You may copy and use this document for your internal,
reference purposes.
2012 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
Microsoft, Active Directory, Hyper-V, MS-DOS, Windows, Windows NT, Windows Server, and Windows Vista are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft
Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.
This product contains graphics filter software; this software is based in part on the work of the Independent JPEG Group.
All other trademarks are property of their respective owners.
1.0

2014 Microsoft. All rights reserved.

Evaluation Versions and Upgrade Options for Windows Server

2012
Published: August 15, 2012
Updated: August 15, 2012
Applies To: Windows Server 2012

This document summarizes key information about evaluation versions of Windows Server 2012, including where to obtain them, the limits on their use, and how to
convert them to full retail versions. It also summarizes the supported upgrade paths from previously licensed retail versions of Windows Server to Windows Server 2012.

Evaluation versions of Windows Server 2012

Fully functional time-limited evaluation versions of Windows Server 2012 are available for the following editions:

Windows Server 2012 Standard

Windows Server 2012 Datacenter
Windows Server 2012 Essentials

These evaluation versions are 64-bit only and can be installed with the Server Core option or the Server with a GUI option. For more information about these installation
options, how to convert between them, and how to use the new Minimal Server Interface and Features on Demand, see http://technet.microsoft.com//library/hh831786.
For all editions, you have 10 days to complete online activation, at which point the evaluation period begins and runs for 180 days. During the evaluation period, a
notification on the Desktop displays the days remaining the evaluation period (except in Windows Server 2012 Essentials). You can also run slmgr.vbs /dlv from an
elevated command prompt to see the time remaining.

Where to find evaluation versions

You can get evaluation versions by the following methods:

Windows Server 2012 Standard; Windows Server 2012 Datacenter: from the TechNet Evaluation Center (http://technet.microsoft.com/enUS/evalcenter/hh670538.aspx). These editions are also available as pre-created VHDs for use in virtualized environments.
Windows Server 2012 Essentials: from http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?LinkId=266340

Limits of evaluation versions

All evaluation versions are fully functional during the evaluation period, although booting to Safe mode is not available. The Windows Server 2012 Standard and
Windows Server 2012 Datacenter editions come with the activation key pre-installed. After the 180-day evaluation period elapses, the server warns you in various ways
depending on the edition:
Windows Server 2012 Standard; Windows Server 2012 Datacenter:

The following warning appears on the Desktop: Windows License is expired

When you log on to Windows, you are prompted with the following options:
Activate now
Ask me later
The system shuts down every hour.
The only updates that can be installed are security updates.
Event ID 100 from source WLMS The license period for this installation of Windows has expired. The operating system will shut down every hour. appears in
the Application log.

Windows Server 2012 Essentials: you receive warnings on the Desktop and on the dashboard, but the server does not shut down.

Converting evaluation versions of Windows Server 2012 to full retail versions

Most evaluation versions can be converted to full retail versions, but the method varies slightly depending on the edition. Before you attempt to convert the version,
verify that your server is actually running an evaluation version. To do this, do either of the following:

1. From an elevated command prompt, run slmgr.vbs /dlv; evaluation versions will include EVAL in the output.

2. From the Start screen, open Control Panel. Open System and Security, and then System. View Windows activation status in the Windows activation area of
the System page. Click View details in Windows activation for more information about your Windows activation status.

If you have already activated Windows, the Desktop shows the time remaining in the evaluation period.
If the server is running a retail version instead of an evaluation version, see the Upgrading previous licensed versions section of this document for instructions to
upgrade to Windows Server 2012.
For Windows Server 2012 Essentials: You can convert to the full retail version by entering a retail, volume license, or OEM key in the command slmgr.vbs.
If the server is running an evaluation version of Windows Server 2012 Standard or Windows Server 2012 Datacenter, you can convert it to a retail version as follows:

1. If the server is a domain controller, you cannot convert it to a retail version. In this case, install an additional domain controller on a server that runs a retail
version and remove AD DS from the domain controller that runs on the evaluation version. For more information, see http://technet.microsoft.com/enus/library/hh994618.aspx.
2. Read the license terms.
3. From an elevated command prompt, determine the current edition name with the command DISM /online /Get-CurrentEdition. Make note of the edition ID,
an abbreviated form of the edition name. Then run DISM /online /Set-Edition:<edition ID> /ProductKey:XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX
/AcceptEula, providing the edition ID and a retail product key. The server will restart twice.

For the evaluation version of Windows Server 2012 Standard, you can also convert to the retail version of Windows Server 2012 Datacenter in one step using this
same command and the appropriate product key.
Tip
For more information about Dism.exe, see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=192466.

Upgrading previous retail versions of Windows Server to Windows Server 2012

The table below briefly summarizes which already licensed (that is, not evaluation) Windows operating systems can be upgraded to which editions of Windows Server
2012.
Note the following general guidelines for supported paths:

In-place upgrades from 32-bit to 64-bit architectures are not supported. All editions of Windows Server 2012 are 64-bit only.
In-place upgrades from one language to another are not supported.
In-place upgrades from one build type (fre to chk, for example) are not supported.
If the server is a domain controller, see http://technet.microsoft.com/library/hh994618.aspx for important information.
Upgrades from pre-release versions of Windows Server 2012 (such as the Release Candidate) are not supported. Perform a clean installation to Windows Server
2012.
Upgrades that switch from a Server Core installation to the Server with a GUI mode of Windows Server 2012 in one step (and vice versa) are not supported.
However, after upgrade is complete, Windows Server 2012 allows you to switch freely between Server Core and Server with a GUI modes. For more information
about these installation options, how to convert between them, and how to use the new Minimal Server Interface and Features on Demand, see
http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh831786.
If you do not see your current version in the left column, upgrading to this release of Windows Server 2012 is not supported.
If you see more than one edition in the right column, upgrade to either edition from the same starting version is supported.

If you are running:

You can upgrade to these editions:

Windows Server 2008 Standard with SP2 or Windows Server 2008 Enterprise with SP2

Windows Server 2012 Standard, Windows Server 2012 Datacenter

Windows Server 2008 Datacenter with SP2

Windows Server 2012 Datacenter

Windows Web Server 2008

Windows Server 2012 Standard

Windows Server 2008 R2 Standard with SP1 or Windows Server 2008 R2 Enterprise with SP1

Windows Server 2012 Standard, Windows Server 2012 Datacenter

Windows Server 2008 R2 Datacenter with SP1

Windows Server 2012 Datacenter

Windows Web Server 2008 R2

Windows Server 2012 Standard

Per-server-role considerations for upgrading

Even in supported upgrade paths from previous retail versions to Windows Server 2012, certain server roles that are already installed might require additional
preparation or actions for the role to continue functioning after the upgrade. The following table summarizes these considerations.

Server role
Active
Directory

Upgrade information

Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS): Active Directory domains can be upgraded by upgrading the operating system of existing
domain controllers or by replacing existing domain controllers with domain controllers that run Windows Server 2012. For more
information, see Deploy Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) in Your Enterprise (http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=262195).
Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services (AD LDS): For more information, see Upgrading from ADAM to AD LDS
(http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=186351).

Active
Directory
Federation
Services (AD
FS)

For more information about upgrading AD FS from Windows Server 2008 R2 to Windows Server 2012, see
http://technet.microsoft.com/library/jj647765.aspx

Active
Directory
Rights
Management
Services (AD
RMS)

You can perform an in-place upgrade from either Windows Server 2008 or Windows Server 2008 R2 to Windows Server 2012. After completing
upgrade of your operating system for any servers running the AD RMS server role, you will need to run the AD RMS Upgrade wizard to upgrade
your AD RMS cluster and ensure consistency. Otherwise, your AD RMS cluster might not be in a consistent state. The only other consideration when
upgrading that you should be aware of when upgrading from these versions of the Windows Server operating system is that if the Windows
Internal Database (WID) was previously selected for use to support your AD RMS database needs, that configuration will block your upgrade to
Windows Server 2012 and require you to take additional steps. To unblock your upgrade to Windows Server 2012 you must first uninstall the AD
RMS server role and migrate the existing WID instance to a SQL Server instance. For more information, see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?
LinkId=229299.

Fax Server

See http://technet.microsoft.com/library/jj134193.aspx.

File and
Storage
Services

After you upgrade a Windows Server 2008 R2-based server that has DFS Management installed, you must reinstall the DFS Management Tools on
the server. To install the DFS Management Tools, run the following Windows PowerShell cmdlet as an administrator: Install-WindowsFeature
RSAT-DFS-Mgmt-Con
You can also use the Add Roles and Features Wizard in Server Manager. On the Features page of the wizard, expand Remote Server
Administration Tools, expand Role Administration Tools, expand File Services Tools, and then select the DFS Management Tools check box.

Hyper-V

Shut down and save all virtual machines prior to starting upgrade. For additional information, see http://technet.microsoft.com /library/hh831531

Print and
Document
Services

See http://technet.microsoft.com/library/jj134150.

Remote
Access

Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) was a role service in Windows Server operating systems prior to Windows Server 2012 that enabled
you to use a computer as an IPv4 or IPv6 router, as an IPv4 network address translation (NAT) router, or as a remote access server that hosted
dial-up or virtual private network (VPN) connections from remote clients. Now, that feature has been combined with DirectAccess to make up the
Remote Access server role in Windows Server 2012. For information about migration from Windows Server 2008 R2 and other versions prior to
Windows Server 2012, see http://technet.microsoft.com/library/hh831423.aspx

Remote
Desktop
Services

Windows Server 2008 R2 Remote Desktop Services role services cannot be migrated to Windows Server 2012, however an existing Windows
Server 2008 R2 RD Session Host server deployment can be integrated into a Windows Server 2012 RDS deployment. The Windows Server 2012 RD
Web Access can be configured to point to an existing Windows Server 2008 R2 RD Session Host server farm. Desktops and RemoteApp programs
published on the Windows Server 2008 R2 RD Session Host server farm can be accessed from a Windows Server 2012 RD Web Access
server.The Following steps need to be completed in order to add an existing Windows Server 2008 R2 RD Session Host server farm to a
Windows Server 2012 Remote Desktop Services deployment:

Populate the TS Web Access Computers Security Group.

Configure Windows Server 2008 R2 Session Host servers with the right certificate to sign RDP files.
Pointing a Windows Server 2012 RD Web Access server to a Windows Server 2008 R2 RD Session Host server farm.

Volume
Activation
Services

With Active Directory-based Activation, you do not need an additional host server; your existing domain controllers can support activation clients,
with the following limitations:

Active Directory-based Activation cannot be configured on read-only domain controllers.

Active Directory-based Activation cannot be used with non-Microsoft directory services.
AD DS must be at the Windows Server 2012 schema level to store activation objects. Domain controllers running earlier versions of
Windows Server can activate clients after their schemas have been updated using the Windows Server 2012 version of Adprep.exe. For
more information, see What's New in Active Directory Domain Services Installation and Removal.

Web Server

No functionality has been removed or changed. Web applications that work in IIS 7.0 run normally in IIS 8.0.

(IIS)

Converting existing Windows Server 2012 versions

At any time after installing Windows Server 2012, you can run Setup to repair the installation sometimes called repair in place or, in certain cases, to convert to a
different edition.
You can run Setup to perform a repair in place on any edition of Windows Server 2012; the result will be the same edition you started with.
For Windows Server 2012 Standard, you can convert the system to Windows Server 2012 Datacenter as follows: From an elevated command prompt, determine the
current edition name with the command DISM /online /Get-CurrentEdition. Make note of the edition ID, an abbreviated form of the edition name. Then run DISM
/online /Set-Edition:<edition ID> /ProductKey:XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX-XXXXX /AcceptEula, providing the edition ID and a retail product key. The server
will restart twice.
For Windows Server 2012 Essentials, you can run Setup and convert it to Windows Server 2012 Standard by providing the appropriate retail license key.

2014 Microsoft. All rights reserved.

Windows Server Installation Options

Published: February 29, 2012
Updated: June 24, 2013
Applies To: Windows Server 2012, Windows Server 2012 R2

This document summarizes the differences between the installation options available for Windows Server 2012, including the features that are installed with each option,
the management options available after installation, and how to switch between the installation options during use. It also explains the differences between the Server
Graphical Shell and the Minimal Server Interface and how to switch between them. In addition, it discusses how to use Features on Demand to further reduce the disk
footprint by including the binary files for only the server roles you actually use.

Installation options description

When you install Windows Server 2012, you can choose between Server Core Installation and Server with a GUI. The Server with a GUI option is the Windows Server
2012 equivalent of the Full installation option available in Windows Server 2008 R2. The Server Core Installation option reduces the space required on disk, the
potential attack surface, and especially the servicing requirements, so we recommend that you choose the Server Core installation unless you have a particular need for
the additional user interface elements and graphical management tools that are included in the Server with a GUI option. For this reason, the Server Core installation is
now the default. Because you can freely switch between these options at any time later, one approach might be to initially install the Server with a GUI option, use the
graphical tools to configure the server, and then later switch to the Server Core Installation option.
An intermediate state is possible where you start with a Server with a GUI installation and then remove Server Graphical Shell, resulting in a server that comprises the
Minimal Server Interface, Microsoft Management Console MMC, Server Manager, and a subset of Control Panel. See the Minimal Server Interface section of this
document for more information.
In addition, after installation of either option is complete, you can completely remove the binary files for server roles and features that you do not need, thereby
conserving disk space and reducing the attack surface still further. See the Features on Demand section of this document for more information.
A server in Minimal Server Interface mode is about 300 MB smaller than the same server in Server with a GUI mode. A server in Server Core mode is about 4 GB smaller
than the same server in Server with a GUI mode. For the smallest possible installation footprint, start with a Server Core installation and then completely remove any
server roles or features you do not need by using Features on Demand.

If you choose the Server Core Installation option

With this option, the standard user interface the Server Graphical Shell is not installed; you manage the server using the command line, Windows PowerShell, or by
remote methods.

User interface: command prompt (Server Graphical Shell is not installed)

Install, configure, uninstall server roles locally: at a command prompt with Windows PowerShell.
Install, configure, uninstall server roles remotely: with Server Manager, Remote Server Administration Tools (RSAT), or Windows PowerShell.

Note
For RSAT, you must use the Windows 8 version.

Microsoft Management Console: not available locally.

Desktop Experience: not available.
Server roles available:
Active Directory Certificate Services
Active Directory Domain Services
DHCP Server
DNS Server
File Services (including File Server Resource Manager)
Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services (AD LDS)
Hyper-V
Print and Document Services
Streaming Media Services
Web Server (including a subset of ASP.NET)
Windows Server Update Server

Active Directory Rights Management Server

Routing and Remote Access Server and the following sub-roles:
Remote Desktop Services Connection Broker
Licensing
Virtualization
To convert to a Server with GUI installation with Windows PowerShell: follow the steps in the procedure below.

Note
All cmdlets must be run from an elevated Windows PowerShell prompt.

To use Windows PowerShell to convert from a Server Core installation to a Server with a GUI
installation
1. Determine the index number for a Server with a GUI image (for example, SERVERDATACENTER, not SERVERDATACENTERCORE) with Get-WindowsImage
-ImagePath <path to wim>\install.wim.
2. Run InstallWindowsFeatureServerGuiMgmtInfra,ServerGuiShellRestartSourcec:\mountdir\windows\winsxs
3. Alternatively, if you want to use Windows Update as the source instead of a WIM file, use this Windows PowerShell cmdlet:
InstallWindowsFeatureServerGuiMgmtInfra,ServerGuiShellRestart

If you choose the Server with a GUI option

With this option, the standard user interface and all tools are installed. Server roles and features are installed with Server Manager or by other methods.

User interface: standard graphical user interface Server Graphical Shell. The Server Graphical Shell includes the new Windows 8 shell, but does not include
the Windows Store or support for Windows Store apps. To enable support for the Windows Store and Windows Store apps, install the Desktop Experience
feature.
Install, configure, uninstall server roles locally: with Server Manager or with Windows PowerShell
Install, configure, uninstall server roles remotely: with Server Manager, Remote Server, RSAT, or Windows PowerShell
Microsoft Management Console: installed
Desktop Experience: installable with Server Manager or Windows PowerShell
To convert to a Server Core installation with Windows PowerShell: run the following cmdlet:
Uninstall-WindowsFeature Server-Gui-Mgmt-Infra -Restart

If you initially install with the Server with a GUI option and then use the above command to convert to a Server Core installation, you can later revert to a Server with a
GUI installation without specifying a source. This is because the necessary files remain stored on the disk, even though they are no longer installed. For more
information, and for instructions to completely remove the Server with a GUI files from disk, see the Features on Demand section of this document.
If you convert to a Server Core installation, Windows features, server roles, and GUI management tools that require a Server with a GUI installation will be uninstalled
automatically. You can specify the -WhatIf option in Windows PowerShell to see exactly which features will be affected by the conversion.

Minimal Server Interface

In Windows Server 2012, you can remove the Server Graphical Shell, resulting in the Minimal Server Interface. This is similar to a Server with a GUI installation, but
Internet Explorer 10, Windows Explorer, the desktop, and the Start screen are not installed. Microsoft Management Console (MMC), Server Manager, and a subset of
Control Panel are still present.
Starting with a Server with a GUI installation, you can convert to the Minimal Server Interface at any time using Server Manager.
Note
When you change any of these options, you will have to restart the server for the change to take effect.

See the table below for a summary of which selections to make in Server Manager (or cmdlets to use in Windows PowerShell) in order to get a given installation state:

To reach the installation state in each

column

Server Core
installation
option

Select these features in Server Manager:

Or, run the Windows PowerShell

install/uninstall commands with these values
for the Name parameter:

Minimal Server
Interface

Server with a GUI installation

option

Desktop Experience feature installed

none

Graphical
Management Tools
and Infrastructure

Graphical Management Tools

and Infrastructure, Server
Graphical Shell

Graphical Management Tools and

Infrastructure, Server Graphical Shell,
Desktop Experience

none

Server-Gui-

Server-Gui-Mgmt-Infra,

Server-Gui-Mgmt-Infra, Server-

Mgmt-Infra

Server-Gui-Shell

Gui-Shell, Desktop-Experience

Features on Demand
In previous versions of Windows, even if a server role or feature was disabled, the binary files for it were still present on the disk, consuming space. In Windows Server
2012, not only can you disable a role or feature, but you can also completely remove its files, a state shown as removed in Server Manager or disabled with payload
removed in Dism.exe. To reinstall a role or feature that been completely removed, you must have access to an installation source.
To completely remove a role or feature, use Remove with the Uninstall-WindowsFeature cmdlet of Windows PowerShell. For example, to completely remove
Windows Explorer, Internet Explorer, and dependent components, run the following Windows PowerShell command:
Uninstall-WindowsFeature Server-Gui-Shell -Remove
To install a role or feature that has been completely removed, use the Windows PowerShell Source option of the Install-WindowsFeature Server Manager
cmdlet. The Source option specifies a path to a WIM image and the index number of the image. If you do not specify a Source option, Windows will use Windows
Update by default. Offline VHDs cannot be used as a source for installing roles or features which have been completely removed.
Only component sources from the exact same version of Windows are supported. For example, a component source derived from the Windows Server Developer
Preview is not a valid installation source for a server running Windows Server 2012.
To install a removed role or feature using a WIM image, use the steps and Windows PowerShell cmdlets:

1. Run Getwindowsimageimagepath<pathtowim>\install.wim, and make note of the index of the Windows Server 2012 image.
2. Install-WindowsFeature <featurename> -Source wim:<path>:<index>, where:
Featurename is the name of the role or feature from Get-WindowsFeature
Path is the path to the WIM mount point
Index is the index of the server image from Step 1.

For example: Install-WindowsFeature <featurename> -Source wim:d:\sources\install.wim:4

You can also specify a source for servers that are domain members using Group Policy. Navigate to Computer Configuration > Administrative Templates > System
> Specify settings for optional component installation and component repair
Note
Permissions might affect the systems ability to access Windows features for installation over a network. The Trusted Installer process runs within the machine account.
If you encounter network access issues, try issuing a net use command (for example, net use * \\path\to\network or the cmdlet New-PSDrive -Name Z PSProvider Filesystem -Root "\\path\to\network) to mount the network source and then copy the source locally. Then use the local copy as the
installation source.

Practical applications
These examples give you an idea of how you can choose the installation option that might be most appropriate for your deployment needs:

Server Core installations require approximately 4 GB less space than a Server with a GUI installation. By using Server Core installations on virtual machines, you
can achieve a significant space savings by not having to store the GUI files on the virtual machines disk.
Servers often have comparatively large amounts of memory and complex disk arrays, both of which can take a significant amount of time to initialize at startup.
Because Server Core installations minimize the number of restarts required for updates, the frequency at which disk arrays and memory must be re-initialized is
reduced.
Certain server applications have dependencies on certain Windows services, libraries, applications, and files that are not available in Server Core installations, but
the administrator wants to take advantage of the reduced need for updating typical of Server Core installations. The Minimal Server Interface offers additional
compatibility while still maintaining a reduced system footprint (though to a lesser extent than a Server Core installation).
Features on Demand can be used to reduce the footprint for your virtual machine deployments by removing roles and features that will never be deployed in
your virtual machines. Depending on the roles and features used in your virtual machines, it is possible to reduce the size by over 1 GB.

Reference table

This table summarizes which features are available locally depending on which installation option you choose.

Server Core installation

option

Minimal Server
Interface

Server with a GUI installation

option

Desktop Experience feature

installed

Command prompt

available

available

available

available

Windows PowerShell/Microsoft .NET

available

available

available

available

Server Manager

not available

available

available

available

Microsoft Management Console

not available

available

available

available

Control Panel

not available

not available

available

available

Control Panel applets

not available

some available

available

available

Windows Explorer

not available

not available

available

available

Taskbar

not available

not available

available

available

Notification area

not available

not available

available

available

Internet Explorer

not available

not available

available

available

Built-in help system

not available

not available

available

available

Themes

not available

not available

not available

available

Windows 8 Shell

not available

not available

not available

available

Windows Store and support for Windows

Store apps

not available

not available

not available

available

Windows Media Player

not available

not available

not available

available

See also
For detailed information about working with a server in Server Core mode, see Configure and Manage Server Core Installations.
1.4

2014 Microsoft. All rights reserved.

Server Core and Full Server Integration Overview

Published: February 29, 2012
Updated: February 29, 2012
Applies To: Windows Server 2012

In Windows Server 2012, the Server Core installation option is no longer an irrevocable selection that is made during setup. In Windows Server 2008 R2 and Windows
Server 2008, if your requirements changed, there was no way to convert to a full installation or a Server Core installation without completely reinstalling the operating
system. An administrator now has the ability to convert between a Server Core installation and a full installation as needed.
There are several scenarios in which this capability is especially useful:

An administrator installed and is running a full installation option of Windows Server 2012, but exclusively using the roles that run on a Server Core installation. The
administrator can convert the servers to Server Core installations to reduce the image size and increase servicing advantages without having to reprovision all of
their servers.
An administrator installs a Server Core installation and now needs to make a change or troubleshoot something that is not possible with the remote GUI. The
administrator may not know how to make the change from the command line or cannot find a command-line equivalent. The administrator can convert the server to
a full installation, perform the changes, and then convert it back to a Server Core installation to reduce the image size and maintain servicing advantages.
An administrator wants to use the GUI for all of the initial configuration steps to make the initial configuration experience as easy as possible, yet wants to reduce
the image size and maintain the servicing advantages that a Server Core installation provides. The administrator can install a full installation, configure the server as
needed, and then convert it to a Server Core installation.
An enterprise mandates a single server operating system image, so it cannot use a Server Core installation because it requires two images. Windows Server 2012
integrates the Server Core installation and the full server installation options. Now the enterprise can use a single server operating system image to deploy full
installations of Windows Server 2012 and then convert them to Server Core installations to reduce the image size and provide the servicing advantages that it offers.

Requirements
You need a Server Core installation or a full installation of Windows Server 2012. No special hardware is required.

Technical overview
In Windows Server 2008 R2 and Windows Server 2008, the Server Core installation and the full installation options were selections that an administrator made at the time
of installation.

Figure 1 Earlier Windows Server installations

In Windows Server 2012, the installation options are integrated, and three large optional features are provided. An administrator can install or uninstall these options to
move between Server Core and full server installations.

Figure 2 Windows Server 2012 installation options

2014 Microsoft. All rights reserved.

Configure and Manage Server Core Installations

Published: August 15, 2012
Updated: August 15, 2012
Applies To: Windows Server 2012

Because when Windows Server 2012 is in Server Core mode, the help system and browser are not available, this collection of topics provides the information needed to
install and deploy Server Core servers; install, manage, and uninstall server roles and features; configure settings such as server activation and naming, domain
membership, and Windows Firewall; installing updates; and managing the server locally or remotely. It also includes a quick reference table of common tasks and the
commands for accomplishing them locally on a Server Core server.
If you choose the Server Core option, the standard user interface the Server Graphical Shell is not installed; you manage the server using remote user interface tools,
Windows PowerShell, or, if necessary, locally using the command line (or Windows PowerShell). For more information about the differences between Server Core and
Server with a GUI, the features included in each mode, switching between the modes, the Minimal Server Interface mode, and Features on Demand, see
http://technet.microsoft.com/library/hh831786.

Deploy a Server Core Server

Configure a Server Core Server
Install Server Roles and Features on a Server Core Server
Manage a Server Core Server
Service Updates on a Server Core Server
Quick Reference for Server Core Tasks

2014 Microsoft. All rights reserved.

Deploy a Server Core Server

Published: August 15, 2012
Updated: August 15, 2012
Applies To: Windows Server 2012

This topic addresses basic information concerning installation and deployment of Windows Server 2012 in Server Core mode.
When you install Windows Server 2012, you can choose between Server Core Installation and Server with a GUI. The Server with a GUI option is the Windows Server
2012 equivalent of the Full installation option available in Windows Server 2008 R2. The Server Core Installation option reduces the space required on disk, the potential
attack surface, and especially the requirements for servicing and restarting the server, so we recommend that you choose the Server Core installation unless you have a
particular need for the additional user interface elements and graphical management tools that are included in the Server with a GUI option. For this reason, the Server
Core installation is now the default. Because you can freely switch between these options at any time later, one approach might be to initially install the Server with a GUI
option, use the graphical tools to configure the server, and then later switch to the Server Core Installation option.
If you choose the Server Core option, the standard user interface the Server Graphical Shell is not installed; you manage the server using remote user interface tools,
Windows PowerShell, or, if necessary, locally using the command line (or Windows PowerShell). For more information about the differences between Server Core and
Server with a GUI, the features included in each mode, switching between the modes, the Minimal Server Interface mode, and Features on Demand, see
http://technet.microsoft.com/library/hh831786.

Initial installation
At the time you run Setup, you have the option to install the server in Server Core mode or Server with a GUI mode.

Using Setup to install the server directly in Server Core mode

1. Insert the appropriate Windows Server 2012 installation media into your DVD drive.
2. When the auto-run dialog box appears, click Install Now.
3. Follow the instructions on the screen to complete Setup.
4. You will be prompted to set a password for the Administrator account.

Using an unattend file to install the server directly in Server Core mode
Using an unattend file to install directly in Server Core mode enables you to perform most of the initial configuration tasks during Setup.

To install directly in Server Core mode with an unattend file

1. Create a .xml file titled Unattend.xml by using a text editor or Windows System Image Manager.
2. Copy the Unattend.xml file to a local drive or shared network resource.
3. Boot your computer to Windows Preinstallation Environment (Windows PE).
4. Insert the media disk with the Server Core installation of Windows Server 2012 into your disk drive. If the auto-run Setup window appears, click Cancel.
5. Change to the drive that contains the installation media.
6. Run setup /unattend:<path>\unattend.xml, where path is the path to the Unattend.xml file.
7. Allow Setup to complete.

See also
Configure a Server Core Server
Configure and Manage Server Core Installations
Windows Server Installation Options
Evaluation Versions and Upgrade Options for Windows Server 2012

2014 Microsoft. All rights reserved.

Configure a Server Core Server

Published: August 15, 2012
Updated: August 15, 2012
Applies To: Windows Server 2012

This topic explains how to accomplish common server configuration tasks, such as setting passwords, configuring Windows Firewall, joining a domain, and activating the
server, all while the server is in Server Core mode.
This topic assumes that you have installed the server in Server Core mode initially and are proceeding directly to these configuration tasks. If you have installed the server
in Server with a GUI mode and have since switched to Server Core mode, these steps still apply.
Note
If you close all command prompts, you will have no way to manage the server in Server Core mode. To recover, you can press CTRL+ALT+DELETE, click Start Task
Manager, click File, click Start New Task, and then type cmd.exe. Alternatively, you can log off and log back on again.

Note
Because there is no Web browser in Server Core mode, you cannot access the Internet or activate the product through a proxy server that requires users to log on. If
you have a proxy server that requires users to log on, you can switch the server to Server with a GUI mode, activate the server, and then switch back to Server Core
mode.

Task

Description

1.1. Set the administrative password

Set the administrative password

1.2. Set a static IP address

Set a static IP address

1.3 Join a domain

Join a domain

1.4 Rename the server

Rename the server

1.5 Activate the server

Activate the server

1.6 Configure Windows Firewall

Configure Windows Firewall

1.7. Enable Windows PowerShell remoting

Enable remote use of Windows PowerShell

Note
This topic includes sample Windows PowerShell cmdlets that you can use to automate some of the procedures described. For more information, see Using Cmdlets.

1.1. Set the administrative password

To set the administrative password
1. When your computer starts for the first time after the installation completes, you will be prompted to enter a new password.
2. Type an appropriate administrative password.

You can later change the administrative password. To do this, log in and press CTRL+ALT+DELETE, and then choose Change Password from the Windows Security
menu.

1.2. Set a static IP address

Note
A DHCP address is provided by default. You should perform this procedure only if you need a static IP address.

To view your current network configuration use the Get-NetIPConfiguration Windows PowerShell cmdlet.
To view the IP addresses you are already using, use the Get-NetIPAddress Windows PowerShell cmdlet.
For a complete reference on Windows PowerShell cmdlets for Net TCP/IP, see http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh826150.aspx.

To set a static IP address

1. In Windows PowerShell, run Get-NetIPInterface.
2. Make a note of the number shown in the IfIndex column of the output for your IP interface or the InterfaceDescription string. If your computer has more than
one network adapter, make a note of the number or string corresponding to the interface for which you wish to set a static IP address.
3. In Windows PowerShell, run NewNetIPAddressInterfaceIndex12IPAddress192.0.2.2PrefixLength24DefaultGateway
192.0.2.1
Where:
InterfaceIndex is the value of IfIndex from Step 2 (in this example, 12)
IPAddress is the static IP address you intend to set (in this example, 192.0.2.2)
PrefixLength is the prefix length (another form of subnet mask) for the IP address you intend to set (in this example, 24)
DefaultGateway is the default gateway (in this example, 192.0.2.1)
4. In Windows PowerShell, run SetDNSClientServerAddressInterfaceIndex12ServerAddresses192.0.2.4
Where:
InterfaceIndex is the value of IfIndex from Step 2
ServerAddresses is the IP address of your DNS server
5. To add multiple DNS servers, run SetDNSClientServerAddressInterfaceIndex12ServerAddresses192.0.2.4,192.0.2.5
Where in this example, 192.0.2.4, 192.0.2.5 are both IP addresses of DNS servers

If you need to switch to using DHCP, use the Windows PowerShell command SetDnsClientServerAddressInterfaceIndex12
ResetServerAddresses.

1.3 Join a domain

To join a domain
1. In Windows PowerShell, run Add-Computer. You will be prompted for both credentials to join the domain and the domain name.
2. If you need to add a domain user account to the local Administrators group, either use the Windows PowerShell cmdlets documented at
http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh826150.aspx, or at a command prompt, run the following command:
net localgroup administrators /add <DomainName>\<UserName>
3. Restart the computer. You can do this in Windows PowerShell with the command Restart-Computer.

1.4 Rename the server

To rename the server
1. Determine the current name of the server with the hostname or ipconfig command.
2. In Windows PowerShell, run Rename-Computer.
3. Restart the computer.

1.5 Activate the server

In Windows PowerShell, run slmgr.vbsipk<productkey>. Then run slmgr.vbsato. If activation is successful, no message will return.

Note

You can also activate the server by phone, using a Key Management Service (KMS) server, or remotely. To activate remotely, from a computer that is running
Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows 8, or Windows Server 2012, use Windows PowerShell to run cscript
windows\system32\slmgr.vbs <ServerName> <UserName> <password>:-ato.

1.6 Configure Windows Firewall

You can configure Windows Firewall locally on the Server Core computer using Windows PowerShell cmdlets and scripts. See
http://technet.microsoft.com/library/hh831755.aspx for documentation of basic Windows Firewall tasks using Windows PowerShell.

1.7. Enable Windows PowerShell remoting

You can enable Windows PowerShell Remoting, in which commands typed in Windows PowerShell on one computer run on another computer. Enable Windows
PowerShell Remoting with Enable-PSRemoting.
For more information, see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=135183

See also
Install Server Roles and Features on a Server Core Server
Deploy a Server Core Server
Configure and Manage Server Core Installations
Windows Server Installation Options
Evaluation Versions and Upgrade Options for Windows Server 2012

2014 Microsoft. All rights reserved.

Configure a Server Core Server with Sconfig.cmd

Published: August 15, 2012
Updated: August 30, 2012
Applies To: Windows Server 2012

In Windows Server 2012, you can use the Server Configuration tool (Sconfig.cmd) to configure and manage several common aspects of Server Core installations. You must
be a member of the Administrators group to use the tool.
Sconfig.cmd is available in the Minimal Server Interface and in Server with a GUI mode.

To start the Server Configuration Tool

1. Change to the system drive.
2. Type Sconfig.cmd, and then press ENTER. The Server Configuration tool interface opens:

Domain/Workgroup settings
The current Domain/Workgroup settings are displayed in the default Server Configuration tool screen. You can join a domain or a workgroup by accessing the
Domain/Workgroup settings page from the main menu and following the instructions on the following pages, supplying any required information.
If a domain user has not been added to the local administrators group, you will not be able to make system changes, such as changing the computer name, by using the
domain user. To add a domain user to the local administrators group, allow the computer to restart. Next, log on to the computer as the local administrator and follow
the steps in the Local administrator settings section later in this document.
Note
You are required to restart the server to apply any changes to domain or workgroup membership. However, you can make additional changes and restart the server
after all of the changes to avoid the need to restart the server multiple times. By default, running virtual machines are automatically saved prior to restarting the
Hyper-V Server.

Computer name settings

The current computer name is displayed in the default Server Configuration Tool screen. You can change the computer name by accessing the Computer Name
settings page from the main menu and following the instructions.
Note
You are required to restart the server to apply any changes to domain or workgroup membership. However, you can make additional changes and restart the server
after all of the changes to avoid the need to restart the server multiple times. By default, running virtual machines are automatically saved prior to restarting the
Hyper-V Server.

Local administrator settings

To add additional users to the local administrators group, use the Add Local Administrator option on the main menu. On a domain joined machine, enter the user in
the following format: domain\username. On a non-domain joined machine (workgroup machine), enter only the user name. The changes take effect immediately.

Network settings
You can configure the IP address to be assigned automatically by a DHCP Server or you can assign a static IP address manually. This option allows you to configure DNS
Server settings for the server as well.
Note
These options and many more are now available using the Networking Windows PowerShell cmdlets. For more information, see Network Adapter Cmdlets in the
Windows Server Library.

Windows Update settings

The current Windows Update settings are displayed in the default Server Configuration Tool screen. You can configure the server to use Automatic or Manual updates
on the Windows Update Settings configuration option on the main menu.
When Automatic Updates are selected, the system will check for and install updates every day at 3:00 AM. The settings take effect immediately. When Manual updates
are selected, the system will not check for updates automatically.
At any time, you can download and install applicable updates from the Download and Install Updates option on the main menu.

Remote Desktop settings

The current status of remote desktop settings is displayed in the default Server Configuration Tool screen. You can configure the following Remote Desktop settings by
accessing the Remote Desktop main menu option and following the instructions on screen.

enable Remote Desktop for Clients running Remote Desktop with Network Level Authentication
enable Remote Desktop for clients running any version of Remote Desktop
disable Remote

Date and time settings

You can access and change date and time settings by accessing the Date and Time main menu option

To enable remote management

You can enable various remote management scenarios from the Configure Remote Management main menu option:

Microsoft Management Console remote management

Windows PowerShell
Server Manager

To log off, restart, or shut down the server

To log off, restart, or shut down the server, access the corresponding menu item from the main menu. These options are also available from the Windows Security menu
which can be accessed from any application at any time by pressing CTRL+ALT+DEL.

To exit to the command line

Select the Exit to the Command Line option and press ENTER to exit to the command line. To return to the Server Configuration Tool, type Sconfig.cmd, and then
press ENTER

2014 Microsoft. All rights reserved.

Install Server Roles and Features on a Server Core Server

Published: August 15, 2012
Updated: August 15, 2012
Applies To: Windows Server 2012

When Windows Server 2012 is in Server Core mode, the following server roles are supported:

Active Directory Certificate Services

Active Directory Domain Services
DHCP Server
DNS Server
File Services (including File Server Resource Manager)
Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services (AD LDS)
Hyper-V
Print and Document Services
Streaming Media Services
Web Server (including a subset of ASP.NET)
Windows Server Update Server
Active Directory Rights Management Server
Routing and Remote Access Server, including the following sub-roles:
Remote Desktop Services Connection Broker
Licensing
Virtualization

When Windows Server 2012 is in Server Core mode, the following server features are supported:

Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5

Microsoft .NET Framework 4.5
Windows PowerShell
Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS)
BitLocker Drive Encryption
BitLocker Network Unlock
BranchCache
Data Center Bridging
Enhanced Storage
Failover Clustering
Multipath I/O
Network Load Balancing
Peer Name Resolution Protocol
Quality Windows Audio Video Experience
Remote Differential Compression
Simple TCP/IP Services
RPC over HTTP Proxy
SMTP Server
SNMP Service

Telnet client
Telnet server
TFTP client
Windows Internal Database
Windows PowerShell Web Access
Windows Process Activation Service
Windows Standards-based Storage Management
WinRM IIS extension
WINS server
WoW64 support

Note
This topic includes sample Windows PowerShell cmdlets that you can use to automate some of the procedures described. For more information, see Using Cmdlets.

Installing and uninstalling server roles and features

To discover the server roles and features on your computer, run the Windows PowerShell cmdlet Get-WindowsFeature.
To install a server role or feature, make a note of the role or feature name in the output from Get-WindowsFeature and then run Install-WindowsFeature
<featurename>.
You can install (or uninstall) more than one feature at a time by separating feature names with commas. For example, to install both Server Graphical Shell and Windows
PowerShell ISE (and its dependencies), if you run Install-WindowsFeature Server-Gui-Shell,PowerShell-ISE, the server is converted to Server with a GUI
mode.
Appending the WhatIf parameter to either Install-WindowsFeature <featurename> or Uninstall-WindowsFeature <featurename> displays any
dependent features that will be installed or uninstalled along with the feature you have specified.
To uninstall a server role or feature, run the Windows PowerShell cmdlet Uninstall-WindowsFeature <featurename>

Note
When you uninstall a role or feature with this command, the binary files for it remain on the disk. This allows you to add the role or feature later without having to
access an installation source (such as an installation DVD or WIM image). To completely remove the files for the role or feature from the disk or to reinstall a role or
feature that has been completely removed, see Working with Features on Demand in this topic.

Working with Features on Demand

In previous versions of Windows, even if a server role or feature was disabled, the binary files for it were still present on the disk, consuming space. In Windows
Server 2012, not only can you disable a role or feature, but you can also completely remove its files, a state shown as removed in Server Manager or disabled with
payload removed in Dism.exe. To reinstall a role or feature that has been completely removed, you must have access to an installation source.
To completely remove a role or feature, use Remove with the Uninstall-WindowsFeature cmdlet of Windows PowerShell. For example, to completely remove
Windows Explorer, Internet Explorer, and dependent components, run the following Windows PowerShell command:
Uninstall-WindowsFeature Server-Gui-Shell -remove
To install a role or feature that has been completely removed, use the Windows PowerShell Source option of the Install-WindowsFeature Server Manager
cmdlet. The Source option specifies a path to a WIM image and the index number of the image. If you do not specify a Source option, Windows will use
Windows Update by default.
To install a removed role or feature using a WIM image, use these steps and Windows PowerShell cmdlets:

1. Run Getwindowsimageimagepath<pathtowim>\install.wim, and make note of the index of the image for the Server with a GUI version of
Windows Server 2012.
2. Install-WindowsFeature <featurename> -Source wim:<path>:<index>, where:
Featurename is the name of the role or feature from Get-WindowsFeature
Path is the path to the WIM mount point
Index is the index of the server image from Step 1.

For example, if the Server with a GUI image is in D:\sources: Install-WindowsFeature <featurename> -Source wim:d:\sources\install.wim:4
You can also specify a source for servers that are domain members using Group Policy. Navigate to Computer Configuration > Administrative Templates >

System > Specify settings for optional component installation and component repair
Note
Permissions might affect the systems ability to access Windows features for installation over a network. The Trusted Installer process runs within the machine
account. If you encounter network access issues, try issuing a net use command (for example, net use * \\path\to\network) to connect to the network source and
then copy the source locally. Then use the local copy as the installation source.

See also
Manage a Server Core Server
Configure a Server Core Server
Configure and Manage Server Core Installations
Windows Server Installation Options
Evaluation Versions and Upgrade Options for Windows Server 2012

2014 Microsoft. All rights reserved.

Manage a Server Core Server

Published: August 15, 2012
Updated: August 15, 2012
Applies To: Windows Server 2012

This topic explains the various methods available for managing a Windows Server 2012 server in Server Core mode, as well as how to add hardware and manage drivers.
You can manage the server in the following ways:

Locally and remotely using Windows PowerShell

Remotely using Server Manager
Remotely using an MMC snap-in
Remotely with Remote Desktop Services
Converting the server to Server with a GUI mode

Task

Description

1.1. Manage with Windows PowerShell

You can manage servers in Server Core mode using Windows PowerShell either locally or remotely.

1.2 Manage with Server Manager

By running Server Manager on a remote computer, you can connect to a server that is in Server Core mode.

1.3 Manage with Microsoft

Management Console

By using a Microsoft Management Console (MMC) snap-in, you can connect to a server that is in Server Core mode.

1.4 Manage with Remote Desktop

Services

By using another computer running Windows, you can use Remote Desktop Services to run scripts and tools on a server that is
in Server Core mode.

1.5 Switch to Server with a GUI mode

You can switch the computer to Server with a GUI mode, use the usual user interface tools to accomplish your tasks, and then
switch back to Server Core mode.

1.6 Add hardware and manage drivers

locally

You can add hardware and manage drivers locally while in Server Core mode.

There are some important limitations and tips to keep in mind when you work with a server in Server Core mode:

If you close all command prompt windows and want to open a new Command Prompt window, press CTRL+ALT+DELETE, click Start Task Manager, click More
Details, click File, click Run, and then type cmd.exe. Alternatively, you can log off and log back on.
If you close all Windows PowerShell windows and want to open a new one, press CTRL+ALT+DELETE, open Task Manager, click More Details. The File menu opens.
In the File menu, click Run new task, and then start either Cmd.exe or Powershell.exe.
Any command or tool that attempts to start Windows Explorer will not work. For example, start . used from a command prompt will not work.
There is no support for HTML rendering or HTML help in Server Core mode.
When in Server Core mode, there are no notifications for activation, new updates, or password expiration because these notifications require the Windows Explorer
shell, which is not present in Server Core mode.
If you need to write a script for managing a server in Server Core mode that requires the secure inclusion of an administrative password, see the scripting column
on Microsoft TechNet (http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=56421).
Server Core mode supports Windows Installer in quiet mode so that you can install tools and utilities from Windows Installer files.
When installing Windows Installer packages on a server in Server Core mode, use the /qb option to display the basic user interface.
To change the time zone while in Server Core mode, run Set-Date.
To change international settings while in Server Core mode, run control intl.cpl.
Control.exe will not run on its own. You must run it with either Timedate.cpl or Intl.cpl.
Winver.exe is not available in Server Core mode. To obtain version information use Systeminfo.exe.

Note
This topic includes sample Windows PowerShell cmdlets that you can use to automate some of the procedures described. For more information, see Using Cmdlets.

1.1. Manage with Windows PowerShell

You can accomplish most management tasks locally or from a remote computer by using Windows PowerShell cmdlets and scripts. To start Windows PowerShell, run
powershell in a command prompt.
To run Windows PowerShell remotely, see 1.7. Enable Windows PowerShell remoting
For more information about working with Windows PowerShell, see http://technet.microsoft.com/library/hh857343.aspx.

1.2 Manage with Server Manager

Server Manager is a management console in Windows Server 2012 that helps IT professionals provision and manage both local and remote Windowsbased servers
from their desktops, without requiring either physical access to servers, or the need to enable Remote Desktop protocol (RDP) connections to each server. Although
Server Manager is available in Windows Server 2008 R2 and Windows Server 2008, Server Manager has been completely redesigned for Windows Server 2012, to
support remote, multi-server management, and help increase the number of servers an administrator can manage.
Note
You must use the version of Server Manager in Windows Server 2012 or that is available as part of the Remote Server Administration Tools for Windows 8 download
package. Older versions of Server Manager will not work.

To enable your local server to be managed by Server Manager running on a remote server, run the Windows PowerShell cmdlet ConfigureSMRemoting.exe
Enable.

1.3 Manage with Microsoft Management Console

Many snap-ins for Microsoft Management Console (MMC) can be use remotely to manage your Server Core server.

To manage a server in Server Core mode that is a domain member with an MMC snap-in
1. Start an MMC snap-in, such as Computer Management.
2. In the left pane, right-click the top of the tree and click Connect to another computer. (In the Computer Management example, you would right-click
Computer Management (Local).)
3. In Another computer, type the computer name of the server that is in Server Core mode and click OK. You can now use the MMC snap-in to manage the
Server Core server as you would any other computer running a Windows Server operating system.

To manage a server in Server Core mode that is not a domain member with an MMC snap-in
1. If the Server Core server is not a member of a domain, establish alternate credentials to use to connect to the Server Core computer by typing the following
command at a command prompt on the remote computer:
cmdkey /add:<ServerName> /user:<UserName> /pass:<password>
Where:
ServerName is the name of the Server Core server
UserName is the name of an administrator account
To be prompted for a password, omit the /pass option.
2. When prompted, type the password for the user name that is specified in the previous step.
3. If the firewall on the Server Core server is not already configured to allow MMC snap-ins to connect, follow the steps in "To configure Windows Firewall to
allow MMC snap-in(s) to connect." Then return to this procedure.
4. On a different computer, start an MMC snap-in, such as Computer Management.
5. In the left pane, right-click the top of the tree and click Connect to another computer. (In the Computer Management example, you would right-click
Computer Management (Local).)
6. In Another computer, type the computer name of the server that is in Server Core mode and click OK. You can now use the MMC snap-in to manage the
Server Core server as you would any other computer running a Windows Server operating system.

To configure Windows Firewall to allow MMC snap-in(s) to connect

To allow all MMC snap-ins to connect, run
Enable-NetFirewallRule -DisplayGroup "Remote Administration"

To allow only specific MMC snap-ins to connect, run:

Enable-NetFirewallRule -DisplayGroup "<rulegroup>"
Where:
Rulegroup is one of the values from the table below, depending on which snap-in you want to connect.

MMC snap-in

Rule group

Event Viewer

Remote Event Log Management

Services

Remote Service Management

Shared Folders

File and Printer Sharing

Task Scheduler

Performance Logs and Alerts

File and Printer Sharing

Disk Management

Remote Volume Management

Windows Firewall with Advanced Security

Windows Firewall Remote Management

Note
Some MMC snap-ins do not have a corresponding rule group that allows them to connect through the firewall. However, enabling the rule groups for Event Viewer,
Services, or Shared Folders will allow most other snap-ins to connect. Additionally, certain snap-ins require further configuration before they can connect through
Windows Firewall:

Disk Management. You must first start the Virtual Disk Service (VDS) on the Server Core computer. You must also configure the Disk Management rules
appropriately on the computer that is running the MMC snap-in.
IP Security Monitor. You must first enable remote management of this snap-in. To do this, at a command prompt, type:
Cscript \windows\system32\scregedit.wsf /im 1
Reliability and Performance. The snap-in does not require any further configuration, but when you use it to monitor a Server Core computer, you can only
monitor performance data. Reliability data is not available.

1.4 Manage with Remote Desktop Services

You can use Remote Desktop to manage a server in Server Core mode from remote computers by using Remote Desktop Services.

To manage a Server Core server using Remote Desktop

1. On the Server Core server, run:
cscript C:\Windows\System32\Scregedit.wsf /ar 0
This enables the Remote Desktop for Administration mode to accept connections.
2. On another computer, click Start, click Run, type mstsc, and then click OK.
3. In Computer, enter the name of the server that is in Server Core mode, and click Connect.
4. Log on using an administrator account.
5. When the command prompt appears, you can manage the computer using the Windows command-line tools.
6. When you have finished remotely managing the Server Core computer, type logoff in the command prompt to end your Remote Desktop session

Note
If you are running the Remote Desktop Services client on a previous version of Windows, you must turn off the higher security level that is set by default in Windows
Server 2012. To do this, after step 1, type the following command at the command prompt:cscript C:\Windows\System32\Scregedit.wsf /cs 0

1.5 Switch to Server with a GUI mode

There may be situations in which you need to use the graphical user interfaces available in Server with a GUI mode. You can switch the system to Server with a GUI mode
by following the steps below, although a restart is required. For more information about the differences between Server Core mode and Server with a GUI mode, as well
as information about the Minimal Server Interface and Features on demand, see Windows Server Installation Options.

To convert from Server Core mode to Server with a GUI mode when the server was initially installed
in Server with a GUI mode
Run InstallWindowsFeatureServerGuiMgmtInfra,ServerGuiShellRestart

To convert from Server Core mode to Server with a GUI mode when the server was initially installed
in Server Core mode
1. Determine the index number for a Server with a GUI image (for example, SERVERDATACENTER, not SERVERDATACENTERCORE) using this cmdlet: GetWindowsImage -ImagePath <path to wim>\install.wim
2. Run InstallWindowsFeatureServerGuiMgmtInfra,ServerGuiShellRestartSourcewim:<pathto
wim>\install.wim:<Index # from step 1>
3. Alternatively, if you want to use Windows Update as the source instead of a WIM file, use this Windows PowerShell cmdlet:
InstallWindowsFeatureServerGuiMgmtInfra,ServerGuiShellRestart

After you have accomplished the management tasks, you can switch the server back to Server Core mode whenever it is convenient (a restart is required) with the
Windows PowerShell cmdlet Uninstall-WindowsFeature Server-Gui-Mgmt-Infra -restart

1.6 Add hardware and manage drivers locally

To add hardware to a server in Server Core mode
1. Follow the instructions provided by the hardware vendor for installing new hardware:
If the driver for the hardware is included in Windows Server 2012, Plug and Play will start and install the driver.
If the driver for the hardware is not included, proceed with the steps 2 and 3.
2. Copy the driver files to a temporary folder on the server running a Server Core installation.
3. At a command prompt, open the folder where the driver files are located, and then run the following command:
pnputil i a <driverinf>
Where:
driverinf is the file name of the .inf file for the driver.
4. If prompted, restart the computer.

To obtain a list of drivers that are installed

At a command prompt, run
sc query type= driver

Note
You must include the space after the equal sign for the command to complete successfully.

To disable a device driver

At a command prompt, run
sc delete <service_name>

Where:
service_name is the name of the service that you obtain by running sc query type= driver

See also
Service Updates on a Server Core Server
Install Server Roles and Features on a Server Core Server
Configure and Manage Server Core Installations
Windows Server Installation Options
Evaluation Versions and Upgrade Options for Windows Server 2012

2014 Microsoft. All rights reserved.

Service Updates on a Server Core Server

Published: August 15, 2012
Updated: August 15, 2012
Applies To: Windows Server 2012

This topic discusses the various ways you can keep a Server Core server up to date with updates. You can service updates in the following ways:

Using Windows Update automatically or with WSUS. By using Windows Update, either automatically or with command-line tools, or Windows Server Update
Services (WSUS), you can service servers running a Server Core installation.
Manually. Even in organizations that do not use Windows update or WSUS, you can apply updates manually.

Task

Description

1.1. Manage updates automatically with Windows Update

Managing updates automatically with Windows Update

1.2. Manage updates with WSUS

Managing updates with Windows Server Update Services

1.3. Manage updates manually

Managing updates manually

Note
This topic includes sample Windows PowerShell cmdlets that you can use to automate some of the procedures described. For more information, see Using Cmdlets.

1.1. Manage updates automatically with Windows Update

To verify the current Windows Update setting, at a command prompt, run the following command:
Cscript scregedit.wsf /AU /v

To enable automatic updates, run the following commands:

Net stop wsuaserv
cscript scregedit.wst /AU 4
net start wsuaserv

To disable automatic updates, run the following commands:

Net stop wsuaserv
cscript scregedit.wsf /AU 1
net start wsuaserv

If the server is a member of a domain, you can also configure Windows Update using Group Policy. For more information, see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?
LinkId=192470. However, when you use this method, only option 4 Auto download and schedule the install is relevant to Server Core installations because of the lack
of a graphical interface. For more control over which updates are installed and when, you can use a script which provides a command-line equivalent of most of the
Windows Update graphical interface. For information about the script, see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=192471.

To force Windows Update to immediately detect and install any available updates, run the following command:
wuauclt /detectnow

Depending on the updates that are installed, you might need to restart the computer, although the system will not notify you of this. To determine if the installation
process has completed, use Task Manager to verify that the Wuauclt or Trusted Installer processes are not actively running. You can also use the methods in the
Viewing installed updates section to check the list of installed updates.

1.2. Manage updates with WSUS

If the Server Core server is a member of a domain, you can configure it to use a WSUS server with Group Policy. For more information, see
http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=192472.

If the server is not a member of a domain, edit the Registry to configure it to use a WSUS server. For more information, see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?
LinkId=192473.
Whenever you configure WSUS settings, be sure to select options that are valid for Server Core installations. For example, since there is no graphical interface, there is
no way to receive WSUS notifications. For more control over which updates are installed and when, you can use a script which provides a command-line equivalent of
most of the Windows Update graphical interface. For information about the script, see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=192471.

1.3. Manage updates manually

To install an update manually, download the update and make it available to the Server Core computer, and then run the following command:
Wusa <update>.msu /quiet
Note
Depending on the updates that are installed, you may need to restart the computer, although the system will not notify you of this.

To uninstall an update manually, download the update and make it available to the Server Core computer, and then run the following command:
Wusa /uninstall <update>.msu /quiet
Note
Depending on the updates that are installed, you may need to restart the computer, although the system will not notify you of this.

To view installed updates, run either of these commands:

systeminfo
wmic qfe list

See also
Quick Reference for Server Core Tasks
Manage a Server Core Server
Configure and Manage Server Core Installations
Windows Server Installation Options
Evaluation Versions and Upgrade Options for Windows Server 2012

2014 Microsoft. All rights reserved.

Quick Reference for Server Core Tasks

Published: August 15, 2012
Updated: August 15, 2012
Applies To: Windows Server 2012

This topic is a collection of common administrative tasks for Server Core servers that you can perform locally or remotely from a command prompt.
Whenever possible, Windows PowerShell commands are used and are styled thus: Get-NetIPConfiguration. When no Windows PowerShell equivalent is available, run
the indicated command at an ordinary command prompt or a Windows PowerShell prompt. These command are styled thus: Netdom remove

Task

Description

1.1. Configuration and installation

Configuration and installation

1.2. Networking and firewall

Networking and firewall

1.3. Updates and error reporting

Updates and error reporting

1.4. Services, processes, and performance

Services, processes, and performance

1.5. Event logs

Event logs

1.6. Disk and file system

Disk and file system

1.7. Hardware

Hardware

Note
This topic includes sample Windows PowerShell cmdlets that you can use to automate some of the procedures described. For more information, see Using Cmdlets.

1.1. Configuration and installation

Task

Steps

Set the local administrative password

Run:
Net user administrator *

Join a computer to a domain

Run Add-Computer
For more information see Configure a Server Core Server

Confirm that the domain has changed

Run:
set

Remove a computer from a domain

Run:
Remove-Computer

Add a user to the local Administrators group.

Run:
net localgroup Administrators /add <domain>\<username>

Remove a user from the local Administrators group

Run:
net localgroup Administrators /delete <domain\username>

Add a user to the local computer

Run:
net user <domain\user name> /add *

Add a group to the local computer

Run:

net localgroup <group name> /add

Change the name of a domain-joined computer

Run Rename-Computer

Confirm the new computer name

Run:
set c

Change the name of a computer in a work group

Run:
Rename-Computer

Disable paging file management

Run:
wmic computersystem where name="<computername>" set AutomaticManagedPagefile=False

Configure the paging file

Run:
wmic pagefileset where name=<path/filename> set InitialSize=<initialsize>,MaximumSize=<maxsize>
Where:
path/filename is the path to and name of the paging file
initialsize is the starting size of the paging file in bytes
maxsize is the maximum size of the paging file in bytes

Change to a static IP address

See http://technet.microsoft.com/library/hh826123.

Set a static DNS address

See http://technet.microsoft.com/library/hh826123.

Change to a DHCP-provided IP address from a

static IP address

See http://technet.microsoft.com/library/hh826123.

Enter a product key

Run slmgr.vbsipk<productkey>, and then run slmgr.vbsato. For more information, see
Configure a Server Core Server.

Activate the server locally

Activate the server remotely

Run slmgr.vbs -ato

1. Run cscript slmgr.vbs ipk <product key><server name><username><password>

2. Run cscript slmgr.vbs -ato <servername> <username> <password>
3. Retrieve the GUID of the computer with cscript slmgr.vbs -did
4. Run cscript slmgr.vbs -dli <GUID>
5. Verify that License status is set to Licensed (activated).

Note
If Slmgr.vbs fails to activate the computer, the resulting error message advises you to run Slui.exe, along with the error code for more information. Slui.exe is not
included in Server Core installationsit is available in <versions>.

1.2. Networking and firewall

Task

Steps

Configure your server to use a proxy server.

Run netsh Winhttp set proxy <servername>:<port number>

Note
Servers in Server Core mode cannot access the Internet through a proxy that requires a
password to allow connections.

Configure your server to bypass the proxy for Internet addresses.

Run netsh winttp set proxy <servername>:<port number>bypass-list="<local>"

Display or modify IPSEC configuration.

Run netsh ipsec

Display or modify NAP configuration.

Run netsh nap

Display or modify IP-to-physical address translation.

Run arp

Display or configure the local routing table.

Run route

View or configure DNS server settings.

Run nslookup

Display protocol statistics and current TCP/IP network connections

Run netstat

Display protocol statistics and current TCP/IP connections using

NetBIOS over TCP/IP (NBT).

Run nbtstat

Display hops for network connections.

Run pathping

Trace hops for network connections.

Run tracert

Display the configuration of the multicast router

Run mrinfo

Enable remote administration of the firewall.

Run netsh advfirewall firewall set rule group=Windows Firewall Remote Management
new enable=yes

Note
See additional Windows PowerShell cmdlets for networking at http://technet.microsoft.com/library/hh826123, http://technet.microsoft.com/library/jj134956, and
http://technet.microsoft.com/library/hh848620.

1.3. Updates and error reporting

Task

Steps

Install an update

Run wusa <update>.msu /quiet

List installed updates

Run systeminfo

Remove an update

1. Run expand /f:* <update>.msu c:\test

2. Navigate to c:\test\ and open <update>.xml in a text editor.
3. In <update>.xml, replace Install with Remove and save the file.
4. Run pkgmgr /n:<update>.xml

Configure automatic updates

To verify the current setting, run cscript scregedit.wsf /AU /v

To enable automatic updates, run cscript scregedit.wsf /AU 4
To disable automatic updates, run cscript scregedit.wsf /AU 1

Enable error reporting

To verify the current setting, run serverWerOptin /query

To automatically send detailed reports, run serverWerOptin /detailed
To automatically send summary reports, run serverWerOptin /summary
To disable error reporting, run serverWerOptin /disable

Participate in the Customer Experience Improvement Program (CEIP)

To verify the current setting, run serverCEIPOptin /query

To enable CEIP, run serverCEIPOptin /enable
To disable CEIP, run serverCEIPOptin /disable

1.4. Services, processes, and performance

Task

Steps

List running services

Run Get-Service

Start a service

Run Start-Service

Stop a service

Run Stop-Service

Retrieve a list of running applications and associated processes

See
http://technet.microsoft.com/library/dd347650.aspx.

Stop a process forcibly

See
http://technet.microsoft.com/library/dd347650.aspx.

Start Task Manager

Run taskmgr

Manage the performance counters and logging with commands such as typeperf, logman, relog,
tracerprt.

See http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=84872.

1.5. Event logs

Use Get-EventLog and related cmdlets; see http://technet.microsoft.com/library/ee176846.

1.6. Disk and file system

Task

Steps

Manage disk partitions

For a complete list of commands, run diskpart /?

Manage software RAID

For a complete list of commands, run diskraid /?

Manage volume mount points

For a complete list of commands, run mountvol /?

Defragment a volume

For a complete list of commands, run defrag /?

Convert a volume to the NTFS file system

Run convert <volume letter> /FS:NTFS

Compact a file

For a complete list of commands, run compact /?

Administer open files

For a complete list of commands, run openfiles /?

Administer VSS folders

For a complete list of commands, run vssadmin /?

Administer the file system

For a complete list of commands, run fsutil /?

Verify a file signature

For a complete list of commands, run sigverif /?

Take ownership of a file or folder

For a complete list of commands, run icacls /?

1.7. Hardware

Task
Add a driver for a new hardware device

Steps

1. Copy the driver to a folder at %homedrive%\<driver folder>.

2. Run pnputil -i -a %homedrive%\<driver folder>\<driver>.inf

Remove a driver for a hardware device

1. Obtain a list of loaded drivers by running sc query type= driver

2. Run sc delete <service_name>

See also
Service Updates on a Server Core Server
Configure and Manage Server Core Installations
Windows Server Installation Options
Evaluation Versions and Upgrade Options for Windows Server 2012
Windows PowerShell Support for Windows Server 2012

2014 Microsoft. All rights reserved.

Features Removed or Deprecated in Windows Server 2012

Published: February 29, 2012
Updated: May 31, 2012
Applies To: Windows Server 2012

The following is a list of features and functionalities in Windows Server 2012 that have either been removed from the product in the current release or are planned for
potential removal in subsequent releases. It is intended for IT professionals who are updating operating systems in a commercial environment. This list is subject to change
in subsequent releases and may not include every deprecated feature or functionality.

Features removed from Windows Server 2012

The following features and functionalities have been removed from this release of Windows Server 2012. Applications, code, or usage that depend on these features will
not function in this release unless you employ an alternate method.

Active Directory Federation Services

Support for applications that use the NT Token mode configuration of the web agent is removed. Applications are expected to move to Windows Identity
Foundation and use the Claims to Windows Token Service to convert a UPN from a SAML token to a Windows token for consumption in the application.
Support for Resource Group is removed. Resource groups are explained at http://technet.microsoft.com/library/cc753670(WS.10).aspx)
Support for using Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services (AD LDS) as an authentication store is removed
You are required to migrate to the AD FS version in Windows Server 2012. Inplace upgrade from AD FS 1.0 or out of box AD FS 2.0 is not supported.

Server Core components

Oclist.exe has been removed. Instead, use Dism.exe. For documentation on using Dism.exe, see http://technet.microsoft.com/library/dd772580(WS.10).aspx.

Clustering
The Cluster Automation Server (MSClus) COM application programming interface (API) has been made an optional component called FailoverClusterAutomationServer which is not installed by default. Cluster programmatic functionality is now provided by the Failover Cluster API and the Failover Cluster WMI
provider.
The Cluster.exe command-line interface has been made an optional component called FailoverCluster-CmdInterface which is not installed by default. Cluster
command-line functionality is provided by the Failover Cluster PowerShell cmdlets.
Support for 32-bit cluster resource DLLs has been deprecated. Use 64-bit versions instead.

Graphics
Support for hardwire drivers for XDDM has been removed. As a result, XDDM graphics drivers will not load in Windows Server 2012. Instead, you can do any
of the following:
Use the WDDM basic displayonly driver included in the operating system.
Use a WDDM displayonly driver provided by a hardware vendor.
Use a full WDDM driver provided by a hardware vendor.
Support for native VGA via the PC/AT BIOS is removed. The WDDM basic displayonly driver included in the operating system will replace this functionality. In
UEFI systems, you may see fewer high-resolution (VESA) modes, but there is no other impact.

Hyper-V
VM Chimney (also called TCP Offload) has been removed. The TCP chimney will not be available to guest operating systems.
Support for Static VMQ has been removed. Drivers using NDIS 6.3 will automatically access Dynamic VMQ capabilities that are new in Windows Server 2012.

Networking

NetDMA has been removed.

Support for Token Rings has been removed.

Server roles
The Role Collector (Ceiprole.exe) and the associated API (Ceiprole.dll) have been removed. To collect telemetry data on server roles, use Server Manager.

Server Message Block

SMB.sys has been removed. The operating system now uses the Winsock Kernel (WSK) to provide the same functionality.

SQL Server
Versions of Microsoft SQL Server prior to 7.0 are no longer supported. Computers running Windows Server 2012 that connect to computers running SQL Server 6.5
(or earlier) will receive an error message.

Storage
The Storage Manager for SANs snap-in for MMC has been removed. Instead, manage storage with PowerShell cmdlets and Server Manager.
The Storage Explorer snap-in for MMC has been removed.
The SCSIport host-bus adapter driver has been removed. Instead, either use a Storport driver or a different host-bus adapter.

Visual Studio
Support for Visual Studio Analyzer 2003 over ODBC, OLEDB, and ADO has been removed.

Windows Help
The Windows Help program (specifically, WinHlp32.exe, the executable file that opens *.hlp help files) has been removed from Windows since Windows Server 2008.
Previously, downloadable packages that provide this functionality were made available (see http://support.microsoft.com/kb/917607). Starting with this release, no
download will be provided to enable you to view *.hlp files on Windows Server 2012. For this milestone release, Windows Help is also currently unsupported in
Windows 8.

Features deprecated starting with Windows Server 2012

The following features and functionalities are deprecated starting with this release. Eventually, they will be completely removed from the product, but they are still
available in this release, sometimes with certain functionality removed. You should begin planning now to employ alternate methods for any applications, code, or usage
that depend on these features.

Active Directory
Dcpromo.exe has been deprecated. In Windows Server 2012, if you run dcpromo.exe (without any parameters) from a command prompt, you receive a message
directing you to Server Manager, where you can install Active Directory Domain Services using the Add Roles wizard. If you run dcpromo /unattend from a command
prompt, you can still perform unattended installations that use Dcpromo.exe. This allows organizations to continue to use automated Active Directory Domain Services
(AD DS) installation routines based on dcpromo.exe until they can rewrite those routines using Windows PowerShell. For more information, see
http://technet.microsoft.com/library/hh472160.aspx.

Database management systems

ODBC support for 16- and 32-bit applications and drivers is deprecated. Use 64-bit versions instead.
ODBC/OLEDB support for Microsoft Oracle is deprecated. Migrate to drivers and providers supplied by Oracle.
Jet Red RDBMS and ODBC drivers are deprecated.

Networking

The Network Driver Interface Specification (NDIS) version 5.0, 5.1, and 5.2 APIs are deprecated. New drivers for NDIS 6.0 must be written.

Hyper-V
The WMI root\virtualization namespace is deprecated. The new namespace is root\virtualization\v2.
Windows Authorization Manager (AzMan) is deprecated. You may need to use new management tools for virtual machines or redesign the authorization
model.

Printing
The line printer daemon protocol (LPR/LPD) is deprecated. When this feature is eventually removed, clients that print to a server using this protocol, such as UNIX
clients, will not be able to connect or print. Instead, UNIX clients should use IPP. Windows clients can connect to UNIX shared printers using the Windows Standard
Port Monitor (see http://support.microsoft.com/kb/246868for more information).

Remote Data Service

The Remote Data service is deprecated. Migrate to the Windows Web Services API.

SMTP
SMTP and the associated management tools are deprecated. Though the functionality is still available in Windows Server 2012, you should begin using
System.Net.Smtp. With this API, you will not be able to insert a message into a file for pickup; instead configure Web applications to connect on port 25 to another
server using SMTP.

Subsystem for UNIX-based Applications

The Subsystem for UNIX-based Applications (SUA) is deprecated. If you use the SUA POSIX subsystem with this release, use Hyper-V to virtualize the server. If you use
the tools provided by SUA, switch to Cygwin's POSIX emulation, or use either mingw-w64 (available from Sourceforge.net) or MinGW (available from MinGW.org) for
doing a native port.

Transport protocols
The Transport Driver Interface (TDI) is deprecated. Use Windows Filtering Platform instead.
Layered Service Providers (LSP) are deprecated. Use Windows Filtering Platform instead.
Winsock Direct is deprecated. Use Network Direct instead.

SNMP
SNMP is deprecated. Instead, use the Common Information Model (CIM), which is supported by the WS-Management web services protocol and implemented as
Windows Remote Management.

SQL Server
ODBC/OLEDB support for SQL is deprecated for versions beyond SQL Server 7 and SQL 2000. Migrate to SQL Native Client (SNAC) to use features provided by
SQL Server 2005, SQL Server 2008, and later versions.
SQLXMLX is deprecated. Migrate code to use SQLXML.

Windows System Resource Manager

Windows System Resource Manager (WSRM) is deprecated. Similar functionality is provided by Hyper-V.

WMI providers
The WMI provider for Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is deprecated because the SNMP service is being deprecated.
The WMI provider for the Win32_ServerFeature API is deprecated.

The WMI provider for Active Directory is deprecated. Manage Active Directory with PowerShell cmdlets.
The WMI command-line tool (Wmic) is deprecated. Use PowerShell cmdlets instead.
The namespace for version 1.0 of WMI is deprecated. Prepare to adapt scripts for a revised namespace.

XML
XML-Data Reduced (XDR) schema elements are deprecated. Migrate Web applications that use this schema to the W3C Standards-compliant XML schema.
The XSL pattern feature of MSXML3 is deprecated. Migrate Web applications that use this feature to the W3C Standards-compliant XML Path Language (XPath)
feature set.

Copyright
This document is provided asis. Information and views expressed in this document, including URL and other Internet Web site references, may change without notice.
This document does not provide you with any legal rights to any intellectual property in any Microsoft product. You may copy and use this document for your internal,
reference purposes.
2012 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
Microsoft, Active Directory, Hyper-V, MS-DOS, Windows, Windows NT, Windows Server, and Windows Vista are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft
Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.
This product contains graphics filter software; this software is based in part on the work of the Independent JPEG Group.
All other trademarks are property of their respective owners.
4.1

2014 Microsoft. All rights reserved.

Copyright attributions
Published: August 21, 2013
Updated: August 21, 2012
Applies To: Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2012 R2

This document provides copyright and credit information for Windows.

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---------------------------------This this software is based in part on the work of the Independent JPEG Group.
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---------------------------------This product uses materials copyright Stephen Satchell.

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---------------------------------This product uses materials from Graphic Gems, Academic Press, 1990.
---------------------------------This product uses materials copyright Gary P. Mussar
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====================================================================
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