ZLLNER

SIGNAL S YSTEM T ECHNOLOGIES

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ZET-HORN
ZETFON
MAKROFON
Type approved whistles

IMO-COLREG 1972
Annex III
Hz

Elektr. Air

700

ZETFON 50/650k Makrofon

600

500

400

M 75F/ 370
350

ZETFON 120/330k
ZETFON 400/310

300

M 75F/ 260

250

200

M 125 /160b
ZET-HORN
141 AC
130

131 AC M 125 /130b

110 AC
ZM 200/110b

100

90 AC ZM 200/ 90b
70 AC
70

miles

0,5

1,0

1,5

2,0

dB

120

130

138

143
-5

1/ 3 rd-octave band level at 1 metre in dB referred to 2x10 N/m

SW 82 e

11/00

TECHNICAL DETAILS OF SOUND SIGNAL APPLIANCES COLREG 1972

sound signals to the length of the vessel have been determined and are given in paragraph 1 b and 1 c of this regulation.

In Annex III of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972 (COLREG) technical details of sound signal appliances have been specified. The
relation of the fundamental frequencies and intensity of the

Class

Length of
vessel in
metres

I
II
III
IV

200 or more
75 but less than 200
20 but less than 75
less than 20

Important
for all Zet-Horns:

Limits of fundamental frequencies

in Hz
70 - 200
130 - 350
250 - 700
250 - 700

1/3rd-octave band
level at 1 metre in
dB referred to
2 x 10 5 N/m2

143
138
130
120

Audibility range
in nautical miles

2
1.5
1
0.5

1. according to IMO 1972 Annex III

2. with electromotor heating acc. to the rules
3. low installation cost: no pipe, similar electr. cable as for air whistles

ZET-HORNS, MAKROFONS and ZETFONS comply with the

requirements governed by Preventing Collisions at Sea.
ZET-HORNS were the first AC 3-phase driven piston-diaphragm sound signal appliances ever produced. Standard
appliances are available for 230 Volt up to 440 Volt, 50/60
Hz AC three phase power supplies. Other special designs
are available on request.
The ZET-HORNS essentially consists of a piston inside a
cylinder with joining horn. The piston is driven by means of
a connecting rod, a crankshaft, and two wear-resistant
toothwheels of high grade steel (not plastic!) by an AC 3-

phase motor. The piston oscillating at the resonance frequency of the horn produces resonant vibrations of air inside the horn. ZET-HORNS have a running-in period of less
than 0.15 sec. which guarantees pure concentrated signals,
generated accurately. The ZET-HORNS produces richsounding signals with a wide range of audibility; higher amplitudes of the harmonics especially make a penetration of
the normal background noise level on board possible.
Recommendation for vessels in North- or South Atlantic
or Pacific: Horns only aluminium with electr. trumpet-heating!

ZET-HORN 90 AC
with motor heating

ZET-HORN 131 AC
with motor heating

Electric ZET-HORN Whistles are designed for the following COLREG-Classes:

Class II vessels of 75 metres but less than 200 metres in length
1. ZET-HORNS 141 AC, sound frequency 140 Hz
2. ZET-HORNS 131 AC, sound frequency 130 Hz

138 dB 1/3rd-octave band level at

1 metre referred to 2 x 105 N/m2

Class I vessels of 200 metres or more in length

1. ZET-HORNS 110 AC, sound frequency 110 Hz
2. ZET-HORNS 190 AC, sound frequency 190 Hz
3. ZET-HORNS 170 AC, sound frequency 170 Hz

143 dB 1/3rd-octave band level at

1 metre referred to 2 x 105 N/m2
2

MAKROFON Air Whistles

are diaphragm sound transmitters, for water road and rail
traffic. These whistles are unsurpassed because of their
great sound intensity and audibility range. In addition they
are widely used in industrial plants as general and specific
danger alarm systems and as rest indicating systems. Compressed air, steam, dioxide, etc. may be used to power the
Makrofons. For navigation purpose Makrofons in the range
of 90 Hz up to 370 Hz are manufactured, for rail traffic higher
frequencies are used.
The Makrofon is a reliable whistle, distinguished by its low
air consumption. Due to its simple and solid design, the
Makrofon is almost maintenance free . The diaphragm
casings are only made of bronze or brass, plastic is used
for the cover. The signal is rich-sounding with a wide range
of audibility.

MAKROFON M 125/160 b ZVE H

M akrofons are designed for the following COLREG-Classes:

Class III + IV vessels of less than 75 metres in length

130 dB 1/3rd-octave band level at
1 metre referred to 2 x 105 N/m2

1. Makrofon M 75F/370 Hz, sound frequency 370 Hz

2. Makrofon M 75F/260 Hz, sound frequency 260 Hz

Class II vessels of 75 metres but less than 200 metres in length

1. Makrofon M 175F/260 Hz, sound frequency 260 Hz
2. Makrofon M 125/160b Hz, sound frequency 160 Hz
3. Makrofon M 125/130b Hz, sound frequency 140 Hz

138 dB 1/3rd-octave band level at

1 metre referred to 2 x 105 N/m2

Class I vessels of 200 metres or more in length

143 dB 1/3rd-octave band level at
1 metre referred to 2 x 105 N/m2

1. Makrofon ZM 200/110b Hz, sound frequency 105 Hz

2. Makrofon ZM 200/190b Hz, sound frequency 190 Hz

ZET-HORNS and Makrofons have found worldwide approval. They have a wide range of frequencies with many
higher harmonics, making better penetration of an existing
noise disturbance possible. Even at a stage where the actual fundamental frequency is being absorbed by the noise
level, it is the residual sound that builds up the keynote in
the human ear. The presence of only two higher harmonics
make the human ear perceive the fundamental frequency.
MAKROFON M 75F/260 ZVE H

Positioning of whistles
In order to keep installation costs within limits, it is beneficial to install an electric Zet-Horn since this needs only a
three-conductor cable as a supply line. The current for motor
heating is conducted through the same cable.

When a directional whistle is to be used as the only whistle

on a vessel, it shall be installed with its maximum intensity
directed straight ahead.
A whistle shall be placed as high as practicable on a vessel, in order to reduce interception of the emitted sound by
obstructions and also to minimize hearing damage risk to
the personnel. The sound pressure level of the vessels own
signal at listening posts shall not exceed 110 dB (A) and so
far as practicable should not exceed 100 dB (A).

If compressed air whistles are installed on the foremast, it

is necessary to supply in addition to the compressed air
pipe which could ice-up at low temperatures cables for
the solenoid operated valve, as well as a pullrope for manual
release.

Best position: as high as possible on the foremast.

3

1. One electric ZET-HORN 141 AC and one electric ZETHORN 131 AC requiring:
1 cable to main switch board
1 cable to emergency switch board
(no piping!)

The electro-pneumatic Makrofon valves are equipped with

a lever for a hand pullrope. The expensive installation of a
pull-rope, which must be guided by pulleys and through
tubes, may be avoided by adding a second electromagnet
for the emergency current on board to the Makrofon valve
ZVE. This release meets SOLAS 1960 and 1974 regulations.
ZVE valves are made of solid brass and can be used for
pressures of 6 to 40 bar. All components of the valves are,
of course, made of stainless material.

2. One electric ZET-HORN 141 AC and one compressed air

Makrofon M 75F/260 ZVE H requiring:
1 cable from Zet-Horn to main switch board
1 cable to solenoid valve for Makrofon
1 cable to heating of Makrofon
for which the piping is required!

Combined whistle systems

3. One Makrofon M 75F/260 ZVE H and one Makrofon

M125/160b ZVE H requiring:
2 cables to solenoid valves
2 cables to heating of Makrofons
for which 2 pipings are required!
(The combination itself is inexpensive, but installation costs
are high. This is especially significant, taking into consideration an installation on the foremast, as is usually practised nowadays.)

(e.g. with 2, 3, or 4 sound transmitters)

If due to the presence of obstructions the sound field of a
whistle is likely to have a zone of greatly reduced signal
level, it is recommended that a combined whistle system
be fitted so as to overcome this reduction. For the purpose
of these Rules a combined whistle system is to be regarded
as a single whistle. The whistles of a combined system shall
be located at a distance apart of not more than 100 metres
and arranged to be sounded simultaneously. The frequency
of any one whistle shall differ from those of the others by at
least 10 Hz.

4. Two Zet-Horns 141 AC/131 AC and one Makrofon

M 125/160b ZVE H:
This combination is the standard equipment on
passenger ships, it guarantees greatest possible safety.

If whistles are fitted at a distance apart of more than 100

metres, it shall be so arranged that they are not sounded
simultaneously.

The following combinations may be used for vessels of

200 metres or more in length, as specified under Class I:

Due to the wide range of Zet-Horns and Makrofons the

above Combined Whistle Systems Rule may easily be
adhered to. For Class II vessels of 75 metres but less
than 200 metres in length the following combinations
may be applied:

1. Two Zet-Horns: One 110 AC and one 90 AC

2. One Zet-Horn 90 AC and one Makrofon ZM 200/110b Hz
3. Two Makrofons: One ZM 200/90b Hz and one
ZM 200/110b Hz

Electric ZETFON
The control and amplifier unit (electronic sound generator
and amplifier with protection against cross-connection of
terminals and special transformer) is installed in a casing
(protection type: IP 65). Thus all electronic components
including the heavy transformer are not positioned on
the mast but within easy reach inside the vessel.

for vessels of less than 20 m and 20 m but less than 75 m in

length.
ZETFON signal sets have been type approved and correspond to the regulations of IMO 1972, Annex III. They consist of a ZETFON to be mounted on the mast and a control
and amplifier unit for wheelhouse installation.

ZETFON 400/310 DC-AC

ZETFON 50/650k

Technical Data
Length of vessel

less than 20 m

less than 20 m

20 m but less than 75 m

20 m but less than 75 m

Type
Sound pressure level
Sound frequency
Voltage
Max. input

50/650k (high pitched)

120 dB/ 1/3rd-octave/1 m
650 Hz
24 V DC (12 V)
50 Watt

120/330k (low pitched)

120 dB/ 1/3rd-octave/1 m
330 Hz
24 V DC
120 Watt

400/310 DC (low pitched)

130 dB/ 1/3rd-octave/1 m
310 Hz
24 V DC
360 Watt

400/310 AC (low pitched)

130 dB/ 1/3rd-octave/1 m
310 Hz
230/380/440VAC 24VDC
400 Watt
with standstill heating
(recommendation)

Automatic Control Device

Automaton with Light Signal Control 5+S

For releasing sound signals in restricted visibility,

ZLLNER Sound Signal Appliances are provided with an
electronic time switch relay. This way the prescribed signals can be given automatically. The signal automatons for
use in sea navigation are supplied as combined systems
for connection of one or respectively two whistles and a
manoeuvre signal lamp required according to rule 34 (b) of
the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions
at Sea, 1972. No additional lamp control is necessary. The
automatons are provided with connections for light and
sound signal keys as well as for a data printer.

enables the automatic release of five different signals according to rule 35 (a, b, c, e, g) of the COLREGS 1972. The
automaton is available for ships
with one whistle Automat 5+S Type A
two whistles with distance more than 100 m between
Automat 5+S Type B
two whistles with distance less than 100 m between
Automat 5+S Type C

Rule 34 M anoeuvring and Warning Signals

When vessels are in sight of one another, a power-driven

vessel underway, when manoeuvring as authorized or required by these Rules, shall indicate that manoeuvre by
whistle signals. Any vessel may supplement the whistle signals by light signals, repeated as appropriate, whilst the
manoeuvre is being carried out.
(a) + (b)

(d)

= I am alterating my course to
starboard
= I am alterating my course to port
= I am operating astern propulsion
= warning signal
This signal, which is not repeated
automatically, may be supplemented by a light signal.

SIGNAL AUTOMATON 5+S Type B

dim. 144 x 96 x 100 mm

Rule 35 Sound Signals in Restricted Visibility

Automaton with Light Signal Control 9+S

In or near an area of restricted visibility, whether by day or

night, whistle signals shall be used.
(a)
(b)
(c)

(e)
(g)

enables the automatic release of nine different signals according to rule 34 (a, b, d) and rule 35 (a, b, c, e, g) of the
COLREGS 1972. The automaton is provided with connections for two whistles.

= vessel making way through water

= vessel making no way through water
= vessel not under command, vessel
restricted in her ability to manoeuvre,
vessel engaged in fishing, or towing
or pushing another vessel
= vessel towed
= vessel at anchor

Military design available.

Automaton with Light Signal Control A3

enables the automatic release of three different signals according to rule 35 (a, b, c) of the COLREGS 1972. The automaton is provided with a connection for one whistle.

SIGNAL AUTOMATON A3
dim. 144 x 72 x 200 mm
New combined Timer for whistles and Bell+Gong see
page 6 !

SIGNAL AUTOMATON 9+S

dim. 96 x 192 x 200 mm

2. Combined electronic system Bell-Gong ZBG 110 Automaton 10+SBG

(Certificate BSH 49/20G/94) with integrated whistle control
This combined electronic system is designed to take the
following functions:

2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7

2.8

2.9

Whistles control (for 1 and/or two horns)

Bell control
Gong control
4 Signals acc. Rule 34 a, b, d
5 Signals acc. Rule 35 a, b, c, e, g
SOS-Signal acc. Rule 37-1d
Bell ZB 110 and Gong ZG 110 (each)
volume >110 dB/1 m omni-directional
d = max. 250 mm x height max. 290 mm
weight: approx. 2 kgs
power amplifier ZBG 110 (each)
power consumption: max. 100 W
protection class: IP 65
dimensions: 260 x 160 x 90 mm, with cable glands
1x M24 x 1,5, 1x PG11
weight: approx. 3 kgs
Timer 10+SBG*
dim.: 144 x 144 mm, acc. DIN 43700
hole: 139 x 139 mm
weight: approx. 1.4 kgs

Advantages:

* This combined Signal-Automaton 10+SBG controls the whistle

as well as the bell-and-gong system

1.
2.
3.
4.

Reduced unit costs (1 timer controlling whistle, bell and gong instead of 2 or 3 for single unit controls)
Less cabling = reduced installation costs
Saves space in the bridge control desk (only one hole 139 x 139 mm)
The built-in digital micro-processor produces a natural sound character identical to conventional bell
and gong but at higher sound power
5. Type Certificate by BSH without extra charge

SRD

SOUND RECEPTION DEVICE

Elephant Ears
Sound Reception System
(Certificate BSH/49/40P/96)
Sound reception systems are acoustical electronic navigational aids to enable the officer of the watch to hear outside
sound signals inside a totally enclosed bridge in order to
perform the look-out function as required in the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea 1972.
1. IMO/ Solas- 1.1 enclosed bridge
Application:
1.2 one man bridge operated ships
2. IMO-C olreg: Rule 5: Every vessel shall at all times
maintain a proper look-out by sight and
hearing
Rule 6 (b)(iv): the possibility that not be
detected by radar
Rule 19 (d): close-quarters situation
(i) alternation of course to port for a vessel
forward of the beam

4D Direction display (dim. 144 x 192)

Operating unit

Offshore ZETFON system OZS 660

The Z llner Offshore ZETFON System OZS 660 is a sound signal system which is specially designed for the application on
offshore structures according to the IALA recommandation. This unique design combines a very efficient sound system
with very low power consumption and a highly competitive price.
6

Signals for Inland Navigation (RIVER BOATS)

According to the Regulations for the rivers Rhine, Danube, Elbe and several canals are Triple-Tone Signal necessary.
Length of all
<20 m
>20 m
>20 m
Option:
Certificate:
Attention:

Type
ZETFON 1 x 70 s
ZETFON 4 x 70 s
Makrofon 3 x M 75
air: 6-10 bar

Control

Timer

24 V DC
fuse

ZP 9 Mi
ZP 9 Mi

Fonomat
Fonomat
Automat 3+B

6.3 A
6.3 A
4.0 A

Intercom.GSA
1 way 2 way
incl.
incl.
no

option
option
option

Ex" plos.
protection Certificate
option

option

DHI 49/07
DHI 49/06

spec. signals for Police, Customs etc. available

from Deutsches Hydrographisches Institut (DHI)
now Bundesamt for Seeschiffahrt und Hydrogaphie (BSH) without extra cost.
Combined River-Sea-Ships need additionally Sound Signal Appliances acc. to
IMO Collisions Regulations 1972, Annex III

4 x 70 s (electronic)

Fonomat

Audible and visual alarms, calls and indicators

Attention. New IMO-Resolution!

according to IMO-Resolution A.686(17) adopted on 06. November 1991

more information: see ZLLNER catalogue SW 88

UA 115
115 dB (A)

UA 120
120 dB (A)

Indicator Columns

M 75 / 660 Hz
134 - 137 dB (A)

M 75 / 404 / 660 Hz
112 - 132 dB (A)

Flash Lamps

Alarm Indicator Columns

visual + audible

ZLLNER

SIGNAL S YSTEM T ECHNOLOGIES

ZUR FHRE 1 D-24143 KIEL

P.O.BOX 6540 D-24146 KIEL
TEL.+49 431 7027 -100 / FAX -202
E-mail: [email protected]
www.zoellner.de

More than

50 Years of Proven Quality

Subject to alteration!