ACADEMY OF TECHNOLOGY

ADECONAGAR, HOOGHLY 712121

DEPARTMENT OF ECE
SATELLITE COMMUNICTION AND REMOTE SENSING
EC 801 C
QUESTION BANK
1.
The first geostationary satellite launched in 1965 was called

A.

ANIK

B.

EARLY BIRD (Intelsat-I)

C.

WESTAR

D.

MOLNIYA

2.
Rotation of a geosynchronous satellite means its

A.

drift from stationary position

B.

wobbling

C.

three-axis stabilization

D.

three-dimensional stabilization

3.
The present total cost per watt of power generation in geosynchronous orbit is nearly Rs.

A.

20

B.

50

C.

100

D.

4.
Noise temperature of Sun is more than __________ K.

A.

1000

B.

5000

C.

100000

D.

500

5.
A 20 m antenna gives a certain uplink gain at frequencies of 4/6 GHz. For getting same gain in the 20/30 GHz band, antenna size required is

metre.

A.

100

B.

C.

D.

4
10

6.
The discussing sharing of a communication satellite by many geographically dispersed Earth station, DAMA means

A.

Demand-Assigned Multiple Access

B.

Decibel Attenuated Microwave Access

C.

Digital Analog Master Antenna

D.

Dynamically-Assigned Multiple Access

7.
The angle subtended by earth at geostationary communication satellite is

A.

17.34

B.

51.4

C.

120

D.

60

8.
The INTELSAT-IV satellite launched in 1974 had two earth coverage antenna and two narrower-angle antennas subtending 4.5. The signal
from narrow-angle antenna was stronger than that from earth- coverage antenna by a factor of

A.

17.34/4.5

B.

17.34 x 4.5

C.

(17.34/4.5)2

D.

(17.34/4.5)4

9.
A transponder is a satellite equipment which

A.

receives a signal from Earth station and amplifies

B.

changes the frequency of the received signal

C.

retransmits the received signal

D.

does all of the above-mentioned functions

10.
A geosynchronous satellite

A.

has the same period a that of the Earth

B.

has a circular orbit

C.

rotates in the equatorial plane

D.

has all of the above

11.
To make antenna more directional, either its size must be increased or

A.

the number of its feed horns must be increased

B.

the frequency of its transmission must be increased

C.

its effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) must be increased

D.

its footprint must be increased

12.
India's first domestic geostationary satellite 1NSAT-IA was launched on 10th April 1982 from

A.

USSR

B.

USA

C.

UK

D.

UP

13.
Satellite launch sites are invariably located on Eastern seaboards to ensure that

A.

launch takes place eastward

B.

expenditure of propulsion fuel is reduced during plane changing

C.

the satellite achieves circular orbit quickly

D.

spent rocket motor and other launcher debris falls into the sea

14.
The owner of a communication satellite is usually required to keep the spacecraft on station at its assigned place in the geosynchronous orbit
with an accuracy of __________ degree.

A.

0.1

B.

1.0

C.

2.0

D.

0.5

15.
The number of days when Earth's shadow falls on a geosynchronous satellite is

A.

88

B.

277

C.

D.

10

16.
Of the four INSAT-I satellites planned by India so for, only __________ has proved to be successful.

A.

INSAT-IA

B.

INSAT-IB

C.

INSAT-IC

D.

INSAT-ID

17.
Radio broadcasting is a familiar example of

A.

space multiplexing

B.

time multiplexing

C.

frequency multiplexing

D.

none of the above

18.
As compared to 17.34 antenna, the total increase in the signal relayed by 4.5 antenna of INTELSAT-IV is

A.

14.85

B.

220

C.

78

D.

3.85

19.
Which one of the following statements regarding DSI is wrong?

A.

It is a digital form of TASI

B.

Though it is more efficient than TASI, it is much slower

C.

A speaker has to wait (it at all) for only a few milliseconds for reallocation of channel

D.

It has increased the capacity of satellite channels by a factor of 2.2 or more with out degrading speech quality

20.
Which one of the following statements regarding compandor is FALSE?

A.

It compresses the higher-amplitude parts of a signal before modulation and expands them back to normal again after demodulation.

B.

It gives preferential treatment to the weaker parts of the signal

C.

For weaker signals it gives a poor ratio of signal strength to quantizing error

D.

Weaker signals, traverse more quantum steps than they would do otherwise and so quantizing error is reduced.

21.
The quality of a space-link is measured in terms of the __________ ratio.

A.

C/N

B.

S/N

C.

G/T

D.

EIRP

22.
The useful operational life of INSAT-IB (launched in 1983) is expected to end by

A.

1992-93

B.

1991-92

C.

1989-90

D.

1993-94

23.
At present, the radio-frequency band mainly used by most satellites is

A.

EHF

B.

UHF

C.

VHF

D.

SHF

24.
Orbital disturbances of a geosynchronous satellite are caused by the

A.

moon

B.

sun

C.

earth

D.

all of the above

25.
Which one of the following statement is correct?

A.

Satellite spacing is not affected by the bandwidth of the transmitting earth station

B.

Beamwidth is independent of antenna size and frequency band used

C.

The width of a beam in space is inversely proportional to the width of the transmitting antenna

D.

Use of high-frequency bands permits less number of satellites to share the orbit

26.
In a stop-and-wait ARQ system, the transmitting terminal

A.

waits for positive or negative acknowled-gement from the receiving terminal after sending a block

B.

sends another block if positive acknowledge is received through ACK character

C.

resends the previous block if negative acknowledgement is received through a NAK character

D.

does not wait for acknowledgement after sending a block

27.
A geostationary satellite is one which

A.

hangs motionless in space about 36000 km about Earth

B.

travels around the Earth in 24 hours

C.

remains stationary above the Earth

D.

appears stationary to everybody on Earth

28.
The geostationary communication satellite APPLE is parked in the equatorial orbit at

A.

102 E longitude over Sumatra

B.

90 E longitude over Bangladesh

C.

74 E longitude over India

D.

67 E longitude over Pakistan

29.
Power received from Sun per m2 surface area of a geosynchronous satellite in nearly __________ watt.

A.

100

B.

500

C.

2000

D.

1000

30.
A certain sound has 10000 times more energy than another sound. The number of times it would sound stronger to a listener is

A.

40

B.

10000

C.

100

D.

10

31.
While keeping the down-link frequency constant, the diameter of a satellite antenna is reduced by half. To offer the same EIRP over the
increased coverage area, the RFoutput power has to be increases by a factor of

A.

B.

C.

D.

16

32.
A communication satellite is a repeater between

A.

a transmitting station and a receiving station

B.

a transmitting station and many receiving station

C.

many transmitting station and many receiving station

D.

none

33.
The ending part of the popular teleserial Mahabharat will be beamed to the viewers

A.

WESTAT

B.

INSAT-IC

C.

ARABSAT

D.

INSAT-ID

34.
The most effective anti jamming technique is

A.

frequency hopping

B.

spread-spectrum modulation

C.

key leverage

D.

once-only key

35.
For satellite communication, standard Earth stations have antenna diameters in the range of __________ metre.

A.

27.5 to 30

B.

10 to 15

C.

30 to 50

D.

5 to 10

36.
The Sun blots out the transmission of a geosynchronous satellite twice a year when satellite passes directly in front of it. This outage lasts for
about

A.

10 minutes on 5 consecutive days

B.

5 minutes on 10 consecutive days

C.

30 minutes for 5 consecutive days

D.

one hour for 5 consecutive days

37.
In satellite communication, frequency modulation is used because satellite channel has

A.

small bandwidth and negligible noise

B.

large bandwidth and severe noise

C.

maximum bandwidth and minimum noise

D.

high modulation index

38.
In the case of a 70-MHz IF carrier for a transponder bandwidth of 36 MHz, energy must lie between MHz.

A.

34 and 106

B.

52 and 88

C.

106 and 142

D.

34 and 142

39.
Which of the following factor does NOT contribute to the drift of a geostationary satellite from its stationary position in space?

A.

Pressure of solar radiations

B.

Gravitational changes due to Sun and Moon

C.

Oblateness of the Earth

D.

Weight of the satellite

40.
In communication satellites, the up-link normally operates at a higher frequency than the down-link because it

A.

gives a narrow beam shining into space

B.

results in lesser signal attenuation

C.

gives better beam-shaping

D.

is easier to polarize a high frequency beam

41.
For global communication, the number of satellites needed is

A.

B.

C.

10

D.

42.
The noise temperature of sky is about __________ K.

A.

100

B.

273

C.

D.

30

43.
Assuming earth to be a sphere of radius 6400 km and height of a geosynchronous satellite above Earth as 36000 km, the velocity of a
geosynchronous satellite is __________ km/hr.

A.

28000

B.

15000

C.

36000

D.

11100

44.
In the context of error detection in satellite transmission, ARQ stands for

A.

Automatic Repeat Request

B.

Automatic Relay Request

C.

Accelerated Recovery Request

D.

Automatic Radiation Quenching

45.
To cover all inhabited regions of the Earth, the number of geosynchronous communication satellites required

A.

B.

C.

10

D.

46.
The different access methods which permit many satellite users to operate in parallel through a single transponder without interfering with
each other as

A.

Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA)

B.

Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)

C.

Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)

D.

All of the above

47.
When a communication satellite passes into Earth's shadow, its temperature drops to about __________ K.

A.

273

B.

243

C.

170

D.

123

48.
In envelope detection of an AM waveform

A.

One side band and full-ampiitude carrier are needed

B.

Both side bands and full-amplitude carrier are needed

C.

Only two side bands are needed

D.

Upper side band and part of carrier are needed

49.
Shannon's Law relates

A.

antenna gain to frequency

B.

noise power to bandwidth

C.

information-carrying capacity to S/N ratio

D.

transmission losses to noise

50.
India's first three-axis stabilised geostationary communication satellite is

A.

Rohini

B.

Aryabhatta

C.

Apple

D.

Bhaskara

51.
Point out the false statement.
Launching of geostationary experimental communication satellite has helped India to gain experience in

A.

Building, for the time, a body-stabilized geosynchronous communication satellite with its own apogee propulsion and control
systems

B.

Attitude control and station management operations for a geostationary satellite

C.

Building launching rocket Ariane for putting APPLE in orbit

D.

Domestic communications on an experimental basis

GROUP B
1.

Define Satellite Communication. What is a satellite?

2.
3.
4.

Explain Keplers Law in details. Derive the expression for the orbit. Define universal time and sidereal time.
Explain look angles and how they are determined. Derive expressions for look angles.
Give a detailed note on launching vehicles and the procedures employed for launching a spacecraft in GEO orbits and define
orbital parameters and explain them.
Explain geocentric equatorial and topocentric horizon co-ordinate systems.
Discuss the effects of non-spherical earth and atmospheric drag on satellite communication.
Derive link power budget equation and carrier-to-noise ratio of receiver satellite system.
Discuss altitude, orbit control and antenna subsystem in details with their functions.
Explain the working of telemetry, tracking and tele command subsystem in a satellite with neat diagram.
Explain TWTA and orbital perturbations with neat diagram.
Distinguish between pre-assigned FDMA and demand assignment FDMA in relation to a satellite communication network.
Explain the concept of spread spectrum technique and mention its advantages. How is this used to minimize interferences in a
CDMA system?
Explain the CDMA system with a neat diagram.
Describe the TDMA system. Emphasize on all the important fields in the TDMA frame and its associated function.
Explain in details the TDMA system with a neat diagram.
Explain in details the following : (a) CATV (b) MATV and (c) TVRO
Explain with block diagram : (a) Earth Station (b) Receive only Home System.
Explain speech interpolation and prediction with neat diagram.
Discuss the features of EIRP and path loss in details.
What are the various types of noise minimization methods and cause in satellite communication?
Write in details about INMARSAT.
Explain (a) MPEG Compression standard (b) Satellite navigation system (c) DTH and world space receivers
(d) Mobile Services.

5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.

22. Write in details about (a) INTELSAT (b) INSAT

23. Define (a) ascending node and descending node (b) inclination (c) mean anomaly and true anomaly (d) azimuth angle and look
angle (e) declination

GROUP C
1.
2.
3.
4.

Explain about frequency allocations for satellite services. Explain about U.S. Domsats.
State Keplers three laws of planetary motion. Illustrate in each case their relevance to artificial satellites orbiting the earth.
Explain in details the geocentric-equatorial coordinate system which is based on earths equatorial plane.
Explain in details about various measure of time.

5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.

Explain in details about antenna look angles and polar mount antenna.
Explain about launching orbits.
What is meant by satellite attitude and briefly describe two forms of attitude control.
Draw the block diagram of TT & C and explain its blocks.
Describe briefly the most common type of high power amplifying device used aboard a communication satellite.
Explain about wideband receiver and Tiros-N spacecraft.
Describe briefly the antenna subsystem and Anik-E.
Explain in details about thermal control and Morelos.
Explain with an example the type of traffic route where single access is used.
Explain in details about FDMA and how it differs from FDM.
Explain in details the operation of a preassigned SCPC network.
Discuss the general operating principles of a TDMA network. Show how the transmission bit rate is related to the input bit rate.
Explain the need for reference burst and preamble and postamble in a TDMA system.
Explain in details about network synchronization with neat sketch.
Define and explain the terms : (a) carrier recovery (b) bit-time recovery (c) traffic data (d) frame efficiency and (e) channel
capacity.
Explain in details about satellite switched TDMA.
Describe briefly about on board signal processing for FDMA/TDM operation.
Describe in your own words how signal acquisition and tracking are achieved ina DS/SS system. Also derive the expression for
maximal sequence.
Explain the principle behind spectrum spreading and dispreading and how this is used to minimize interference in a CDMA
system. Also determine the throughput efficiency of the system.
Explain about MATV system.
A satellite downlink at 12 GHz operates with a transmit power of 6 W and an antenna gain of 48.2 dB. Calculate the EIRP in
dBW.
The range between a ground station and a satellite is 42,000 km. Calculate the free space loss at a frequency of 6 GHz.
An antenna has a noise temperature of 35 K and it is matched into a receiver which has a noise temperature of 100 K. Calculate
the noise power density and the noise power for a bandwidth of 36 MHz.
Define Saturation Flux Density. Write the equations of losses for clear sky conditions.
What are types of antenna losses? Define sky noise. What is an absorptive network?
With the aid of a block schematic, briefly describe the functioning of the receive only TV systems.
Describe and compare MATV and CATV systems.
With relevant expression explain in details about transmission losses.
Explain the classification of system noise temperature.
Explain uplink and downlink satellite system.
Explain the rain attenuation model.
Explain about inter-satellite link.
Explain why a minimum of four satellites are visible at an earth location utilizing the GPS system for position determination.
What does the term dilution of precision refer to?
Explain GCC and GEC.

39. Define apogee and perigee height.

40. Give three different types of applications with respect to satellite systems.
41. Mention the three regions to allocate the frequency for satellite services.
42. Define polar-orbiting satellites.
43. Give the advantage of geostationary orbit.
44. What is sun transit outage?
45. Discuss station-keeping.
46. What is meant by payload?
47. What is satellite transponder?
48. What is meant by pitch angle?
49. What is propellant?
50. What is an Yaw and zero g?
51. Describe spin stabilized satellites.
52. Define S/N ratio. What is sky noise and noise factor?
53. What is a thin route service?
54. What is preamble? Define guard time.
55. What is multiple access technique?
56. Discuss error detecting codes.

57. Define earth segment.

58. Give the difference between Ku band and C band receive only systems.
59. What is noise weighting? What is intermodulation noise?
60. Define apogee and perigee. What is line of apsides?