8/14/2014
KALYAN SIR: WHAT IS GEOGRAPHY?
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WHAT IS GEOGRAPHY?
KALYANSIR.COM
Today's Question
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SHALL WE KNOW THE MEANING OF THE WORD
GEOGRAPHY?
The word Geography has evolved from two Greek words.
Geo
The Earth
Graphein
To Write.
So Geography literally means To write about the earth.
In general term Geography is the study of the earth.
Hence we will be reading about the
Lithosphere Solid earth crust
Atmosphere - Gases
Hydrosphere Water
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8/14/2014
KALYAN SIR: WHAT IS GEOGRAPHY?
Greek Scholars are considered to be the earliest Geographers.
Hecate-us and Theophrastus are considered to be the earliest
geographers.
Kant defined Geography as the chorological science.
The word Geography was first used by Eratosthenes (Greek
scholar lived during 276195 BC).
Eratosthenes also credited for inventing the system of latitude
and longitude. (These are the Horizontal and Vertical imaginary
lines on the earth. We learn more about this in later chapters).
Eratosthenes was also the first person to calculate the
circumference of the earth.
Eratosthenes was the first person to calculate the tilt of the
Earth axis.
Eratosthenes,
one
person
credited
with
so
many
inventions. Isn't interesting?
The Word Geography
Latitudes and Longitudes
Circumference of earth
Earth Axis
Leap Day
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8/14/2014
KALYAN SIR: WHAT IS GEOGRAPHY?
There are 3 important theories with reference to the earth.
1.
Geocentric Theory
2.
3.
Heliocentric Theory
Planetary Motion Theory
(Theory is an analysis given by a scientist. On single aspect, more than one scientist tries to
explain his/her experiments/observations. Hence there are number of theories on various
aspects).
Now let us try to know what are the theories that related to the earth?
1.
Geocentric Theory: (Earth is at the centre).
This Theory is given by Ptolemy. (90 168 AD).
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KALYAN SIR: WHAT IS GEOGRAPHY?
PTOLEMY
Ptolemy is the author of the book Geography.
According to this theory the earth is at the centre of the Solar system.
Note: The Sun and its Planets put together is
called the Solar system.
2.
Heliocentric Theory: (Sun is at the centre).
This theory is given by Copernicus. (Poland, 1473 1543 AD).
COPERNICUS
According to this theory the Sun is at the centre of the Solar System.
3.
Planetary Motion Theory:
This theory is given by Kepler. (Germany, 1571 1630 AD).
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8/14/2014
KALYAN SIR: WHAT IS GEOGRAPHY?
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8/14/2014
KALYAN SIR: WHAT IS GEOGRAPHY?
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