Topics 043 & 044 (Transport) - H1.

2 Transport Rules
Auckland Council tracked changes
Dated: 2 June 2015

Drafting notes:
1.

Additions are underlined and deleted text is in strikethrough (Black text changes record
amendments proposed in Primary evidence (either pre or post mediation)

2.

Green text changes record amendments proposed and agreed in mediation.

3.

Red text changes record amendments proposed in rebuttal evidence

4.

Yellow highlighting represents proposed changes that are out of scope

5.

Blue text changes record amendments proposed post hearing (e.g. right of reply)

6.

Consequential amendments are highlighted in grey. Any additional changes to

consequential amendments are highlighted in pink.

7.

Numbering of this chapter will be reviewed as part of an overall review of the Unitary Plan
numbering protocols.

PART 3 - REGIONAL AND DISTRICT RULESChapter H: Auckland-wide rules1

Infrastructure
1.2

Transport

1.

Activity table

The rules in this section implement the objectives and policies in Chapter C Section 1.2
Transport.

These rules do not apply to precincts where there are corresponding transport and traffic
provisions in the applicable precinct (NOTE: Subject to outcome of relevant Hearing topics)

Note: All access to the State highway network (including changes to existing access and
subdivision or change in land use utilising an existing access) require the approval of the New
Zealand Transport Agency under the Government Roading Powers Act 1989. This approval is
separate and additional to any land use or subdivision consent approval required. You are
advised to contact the New Zealand Transport Agency's Auckland Office.

The following table specifies the activity status of transport activities in all zones. A site may

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contain more than one of the listed activities.

Activity

Activity
Status

Parking, loading and access which is an accessory activity and complies with the

development controls for parking, loading and access

Parking, loading and access which is an accessory activity but which does not

RD

comply with the development controls for parking, loading and access
Any activity or subdivision which exceeds the trip traffic generation development

RD

controls threshold set out in clause 3.1 in any zone other than those listed below:
-

City Centre

Metropolitan Centre

Town Centre

Terrace Housing and Apartment Buildings

City Centre Fringe Office Area

Use of an existing vehicle crossing (established or consented before the date of

notification of the plan) where a Vehicle Access Restriction applies under clause
3.4.1.2 and 3.4.1.3 to service existing activities (established or consented before
the date of notification of the plan)
Construction or use of a vehicle crossing where a Vehicle Access Restriction applies

RD

under clause 3.4.1.2 and 3.4.1.3

Use of an existing vehicle crossing (established or consented before the date of

notification of the plan) where a Vehicle Access Restriction applies under clause
3.4.1.1 to service existing activities (established or consented before the date of
notification of the plan)
Use of an existing vehicle crossing where a Vehicle Access Restriction applies

RD

under clause 3.4.1.1 to service the establishment of a new activity, a change of

activity type, the expansion or intensification of an existing activity or where a
building(s) is constructed, substantially reconstructed, altered or added to.
Construction of a new vehicle crossing where a Vehicle Access Restriction applies

RD

under clause 3.4.1.1 and the establishment of the vehicle crossing is to:
a.

relocate and/or amalgamate an existing vehicle crossing or crossings serving

the site, that will reduce or otherwise not increase either the number of
crossings or width of crossings serving a site; OR

b.

there is no other means of accessing a site

Construction of a new vehicle crossing where a Vehicle Access Restriction applies

NC

under clause 3.4.1.1 and it is not provided for in this Activity Table

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Any building or structure located within an area subject to sightline for level

RD

crossings as identified on the planning maps

Off-road pedestrian and cycling facilities

RD P

Park-and-ride

RD

Public transport facilities

RD

Short-term parking (non-accessory) in these zones and locations:

City Centre

City Centre Fringe Parking (Auckland-wide controls maps) overlay

Metropolitan Centre

Town Centre

Local Centre

Mixed Use

Long-term parking (non-accessory) in these zones and locations:

-

City Centre

City Centre Fringe Parking (Auckland-wide controls maps) overlay

Long-term parking (non-accessory) in these zones:

-

Metropolitan Centre

Town Centre

Local Centre

Mixed Use

NC

Off-site parking

Construction of new road and pedestrian rail level crossings on the rail network

NC

2.

Notification

1.

The following activities will be subject to the normal tests for notification under the
relevant sections of the RMA:
a.

applications to exceed the parking maximums specified in Table 2 for the City
Centre zone

b.

public transport facilities

c.

park-and-ride exceeding 200 parking spaces

1A.

Public transport facilities will be considered on a non-notified basis

1B

Park and ride less than 200 parking spaces will be considered on a non-notified
basis

1C.

Vehicle access not meeting 3.4.1.2 and 3.4.1.3 Vehicle Access Restrictions will
be considered on a non-notified basis

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3.

Development controls

3.1

Traffic Trip Generation

In all zones, other than those listed in clause (iii)(c) below, resource consent as a

1.

restricted discretionary activity is required where:

ai.

new development total development on a site exceeds the New Development

Thresholds:

iA.

activities not identified in Table 1 requiring a controlled or restricted

discretionary land use activity consent in the applicable zone and generating
more than 60v/hr (any hour) where there are no requirements for an
assessment of transport or trip generation effects in the applicable zone.

Table 1:
Activity
Residential

New

Development

Dwellings

Threshold
30
60 dwellings

Retirement villages

30 100 units / apartments

Visitor Accommodation

30 60 units

Education facilities

Primary

100 students

Secondary

200 students

Tertiary

300 students

Office

3,0001250m2 GFA

Retail

1000500m2 GFA
Food

and

beverage

Drive

200m2 GFA

through
Industrial

Warehousing and storage

12,000m2 GFA
5,000m2

activities
Other industrial activities

6,000m2 GFA
2,500m2

Total development includes new development and existing development.

ii.

a proposed subdivision involves land which has capacity under the Unitary
Plan to accommodate more than 30 60 additional dwellings.

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iii.

this rule does not apply in the City Centre, Metropolitan Centre, Town Centre,
or Terrace Housing and Apartment Buildings zones and City Centre Fringe
Office area.

1B

this rule does not apply where:

i.

development is being undertaken in accordance with a consent or provisions

previously approved on the basis of an Integrated Transport Assessment.

ii.

activities involve the operation of major recreation facilities for their primary
purpose as identified in the applicable precinct.

iii.

there are requirements to assess transport, traffic or trip generation effects in

the applicable zone rules for any Controlled or Restricted Discretionary land
use activities (Note: subject to IHP recommendations in each zone)

3.2

Number of parking and loading spaces

Parking and loading spaces and associated manoeuvring and access must be provided
for all activities in accordance with the minimum rates specified unless otherwise stated
in the Unitary Plan. In some locations, maximum parking rates apply. For some activities,
such as offices, both maximum and minimum rates apply in some locations.

1.

Parking
In some locations, maximum parking rates apply. For some activities, such as
offices, both maximum and minimum rates apply in some locations.

a.

the number of parking spaces required or permitted accessory to any activity

are set out in Tables 2-4. These controls apply unless the Unitary Plan
specifies otherwise. The number of parking spaces must:
i.

not exceed the maximum rates specified in Tables 2-4 in the locations
where these apply

ii.

meet the minimum rates specified in Table 4 in the locations where

these apply

iii.

meet the minimum rates and not exceed the maximum rates specified in
Table 4 in locations where both apply.

b.

Table 3 sets out the parking rates which apply in the following zones and
locations:
i.

City Centre Fringe Parking (Auckland-wide controls maps) overlay (as

identified on the planning maps by the Infrastructure overlay - Parking)

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ii.

Metropolitan Centre zone

iii.

Town Centre zone - excluding the following town centres where Table 4
applies:

Helensville,

Kumeu-Huapai,

Pukekohe,

Warkworth

and

Wellsford.
iv.

Local Centre zone - excluding the following local centres where Table 4
applies: Karaka, Kaukapakapa, Leigh, Matakana, Riverhead, Snells
Beach, Te Hana, Waimauku and Waiuku.

v.

Mixed Use zone (excluding where the Mixed Use Zone is adjacent to the
town centres or local centres identified in iii and iv above)

vi.

c.

Terrace Housing and Apartment Buildings zone.

where Table 4 applies and a site supports more than one activity, the parking
requirement of each activity must be separately determined.

ci.

for the purposes of meeting the requirements of the vehicle parking rules, a
parking space includes those provided for in a garage or car port or any
paved area provided for the sole purpose of parking a motor vehicle.

2.

The vehicle and cycle parking rates set out in Tables 2 5 do not apply to:

a.

The operation of major recreation facilities for their primary purpose as

identified in the applicable precinct. The vehicle and cycle parking rates in
Tables 2 5 apply to the redevelopment, expansion and intensification of
existing major recreation facilities or establishment of new major recreational
facilities if the provision of parking is not specifically identified in the
applicable precinct.

Table 2: Parking rates for City Centre zone

Activity/site

City Centre zone maximum

Sites subject to a Vehicle

All activities where vehicle

Access Restriction - general

access to the parking would

(as identified on

be within a

the
planning maps)
Dwellings

Vehicle
Access Restriction Dwellings

rateparking permitted
No

0.7 per dwelling

generalGFA
<75m
Dwellings

1.4 per dwelling

2

75 and < 90m GFA

Dwellings

1.7 per dwelling

90m GFA

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Activity/site

City Centre zone maximum

Visitor spaces

rateper dwelling
0.2
1:200 m2 GFA

All other activities

Table 3: Parking rates for sites within the City Centre Fringe Parking (Auckland-wide controls
maps) overlay and the Metropolitan, Town, Local Centres, Mixed Use and Terrace Housing and
Apartment Building zones
Activity

Applies in the following

zones: Metropolitan
Centre, Town and Local
Centre (other than those
centres listed as excluded
in clause 3.2.1b), Mixed
Use, Terrace Housing and
Apartment Buildings zone.
Applies in the
City Centre Fringe Parking
(Auckland-wide controls maps)
overlay
Maximum rate

Sites subject to a Key Retail

Frontage (Zone controls,
Building Frontage Maps)
overlay

All activities where vehicle

access to the parking would
be within a Key
Retail Frontage (Zone

No parking permitted

controls, Building Frontage

Maps) overlay
Dwellings studio or 1

1 per dwelling

bedroom
Dwellings two or more

2 per dwelling

bedrooms

Residential

Visitor spaces

0.2 per dwelling

Retirement villages

1 per unit / apartment plus 0.2

visitor space per unit /
apartment plus 0.3 per bed for
rest home beds

Supported residential care

0.3 per bed

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Visitor accommodation

1 per unit.
Or, where accommodation is
not provided in the form of
units, 0.3 per bedroom

Boarding houses

0.5 per bedroom

1 per 60 m2 GFA within the

Offices

City Centre Fringe Parking

(Auckland-wide controls maps
overlay
1 per 30 m2 GFA elsewhere
Retail

Food and beverage (excluding

1 per 10m2 GFA and outdoor

taverns)

seating area

all other retail (including

1 per 20m2 GFA

taverns)
Entertainment facilities

0.2 per person the facility is

and community

designed to accommodate

facilities
Care centres

0.10 per child or other person

(other than employees) plus
0.5 per FTE (full time
equivalent) employee

Education facilities

Primary and secondary

0.5 per FTE employee plus 1

visitor space per classroom

Tertiary

0.5 per FTE employee plus

0.25 per EFT (equivalent full
time) student the facility is
designed to accommodate

Medical facilities

All other activities

Hospital

1 per 40 m2 GFA

Healthcare services

1 per 20 m2 GFA
1 per 20 m2 GFA

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Table 4: Parking rates - all other areas

Activity

Neighbourhood Centres
and Aall other areas
(minimum rate unless
otherwise
specified)

Sites subject to a Key

All activities where vehicle access

No parking required or

Retail Frontage overlay

to the parking would be within a

permitted

(applies only to identified

Key Retail Frontage (Zone

sites in Helensville,

controls, Building Frontage Maps)

Kumeu/Huapai, Pukekohe,

overlay

Warkworth and Wellsford

Town Centres)
Residential

Mixed Housing

Dwellings -

Suburban zone

studio or 1 and

1 per dwelling

2 bedroom
Dwellings -

2 1 per dwelling

three or more
bedrooms
Mixed Housing

Dwellings -

A minimum and maximum

Urban zone

studio or 1

of 1 per

bedroom

dwelling

Dwellings - 1

A minimum and maximum

bedroom

of 1 per dwelling

Dwellings

A minimum of 1 per

- two or

dwelling

more

A maximum of 2 per

bedrooms

dwelling

Site area

No minimum

Sites within the

historic character

500m or less

overlay

Site area

As per the underlying

greater than

zoning

500m
All other areas

Dwellings -

1 per dwelling

studio or 1
bedroom
Dwellings - two

2 per dwelling

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Activity

Neighbourhood Centres
and Aall other areas
(minimum rate unless
otherwise
specified)
or more
bedrooms
Conversion of

1 carpark per additional

dwelling into two

dwelling

dwellings (in the

single housing,
mixed housing
suburban and
mixed housing
urban zones)
Home occupations

1 per dwelling except no

additional space is required
where both of the following
apply:
- all employees live on the

site of the home occupation

- goods and services

are not sold from the site

(except electronically or by
mail/courier)
Retirement village

0.7 per unit / apartment plus

0.2 visitor space per unit /
apartment plus
0.3 per bed for rest home
beds within a retirement
village

Supported residential care

0.3 per bed

Visitor accommodation

1 per unit Or, where

accommodation is not
provided in the form of
units, 0.3 per
bedroom

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Activity

Neighbourhood Centres
and Aall other areas
(minimum rate unless
otherwise
specified)
Boarding houses

0.5 per bedroom (except

that parking is not required
for boarding houses which
accommodate school
students within the School
zone)
A minimum of one per 45m2

Offices

GFA
A maximum of one per
30m2 GFA
1 per 25m2 GFA

Commercial services,
excluding the following:
veterinary clinics, storage
and lockup facilities
Retail

Motor vehicle sales

1 per 10 vehicle display

spaces, plus 1 per
additional 50m2 GFA

Taverns

1 per 20m2 GFA

Trade suppliers

1 per 50m2 GFA plus 1 per

100m2 of outdoor storage
or display areas

Large Format Retail (excluding

1 per 45m2 GFA

supermarkets and department

stores)
All other retail (including food and

1 per 25m2 GFA

beverage)
Industrial activities and

Repair and maintenance services

4 per repair / lubrication

storage and lock-up

bay, plus 1 per additional

Facilities

50m2 GFA
All other industrial activities and

1 per 50m2 GFA, or 0.7 per

storage and lock-up facilities

FTE employee (where the

number of employees is

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Activity

Neighbourhood Centres
and Aall other areas
(minimum rate unless
otherwise
specified)
known), whichever is the
lesser.
Warehousing, storage and lock up

1 per 100m2 GFA, or 0.7

facilities

per FTE employee (where

the number of employees is
known), whichever is the
lesser.

All other industrial activities

1 per 50m2 GFA, or 0.7 per

FTE employee (where the
number of employees is
known), whichever is the
lesser.

Entertainment facilities,

0.2 per person the facility is

clubrooms and community

designed to accommodate

facilities
Care centres

0.10 per child or other

person, other than
employees plus 0.5 per
FTE employee

Educational facilities

Primary and secondary

0.5 per FTE employee plus

1 visitor space per
classroom

Tertiary

Massey University at
Albany Campus:
0.32 per EFT student

Other tertiary education

facilities:
0.5 per FTE employee plus
0.25 per EFT student the
facility is designed to
accommodate

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Activity

Neighbourhood Centres
and Aall other areas
(minimum rate unless
otherwise
specified)

Medical facilities

Hospitals

1 per 40m2 GFA

Healthcare services

1 per 20m2 GFA

Veterinary clinics

1 per 20m2 GFA

Land used for organised

12.5 spaces per hectare

sport and recreation

Clubrooms

0.2 per person the facility is

designed to accommodate

Water transport

Land adjacent to a public boat

No minimum rate for

launching ramp

accessory parking
associated with boat
launching

Marinas

0.35 per berth provided

Minor ports at Gabador Place,

0.5 per employee intended

Tamaki and Onehunga

to be working in or at the
facility at any one time
1 per 50m2 GFA

All other activities, except

for activities within rural
zones
All other activities where

No minimum rate

located in rural zones

2.

Cycle parking (for bicycles)

a.

the activities specified in Table 5 must provide the minimum number of cycle
parking spaces specified.

Table 5: Required cycle parking rates

Activity

Residential

Visitor (short-stay)

Secure (long-stay)

Minimum rate

Minimum rate

Developments of 20 or

1 per 20 dwellings

1 per dwelling without

more dwellings

within a single building

a dedicated garage

Visitor accommodation

1 space + 1 per 20

1 per 10 rooms / beds

and Boarding houses

rooms/beds

FTE employees

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Activity

Visitor (short-stay)

Secure (long-stay)

Minimum rate

Minimum rate

Retirement and

1 space + 1 per 30

1 per 10 FTE

residential care

units / apartments

employees

1 space + 1 per

1 per 300m2 of office

Offices

1000m2 GFA of office

Retail

Food and beverage

<350m2

Nil

GFA

required

350m2

1 per

GFA

350m2

1 per 2300m2 GFA

GFA
All other retail

<500m

Nil

GFA

required

1 per 300m2 GFA of

500m2

1 per

office

GFA to

500m2

5000m2
5000m

GFA
2

1 per

1 per 300m2 GFA of

750m2

office

GFA
Industrial activities and

1 space + 1 space per

1 per 10300m2 GFA of

storage and lockup

750m2 GFA of office

office

facilities

space

Care centres

1 space + 1 per 50

1 space per 10 FTE

children usually on site

employees

Primary and

1 plus 1 space per 400

1 per 30 students in

intermediate schools

students and FTE

Year 1 to 5 plus 1 per

employees

15 students in Year 6

Educational facilities

to 8 plus 1 per 20
employees
Secondary schools

1 plus 1 space per 400

1 per 15 students in

students and FTE

Year 9 to 13 plus 1 per

employees

20 FTE employees

Tertiary education

1 per 800 m2 GFA

1 per 20 EFT students

facilities

office, to be located

and FTE employees

outside the main

on site at the peak

entrance of each

times

department

Spaces should be

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Activity

Visitor (short-stay)

Secure (long-stay)

Minimum rate

Minimum rate
distributed around the
campus

Medical facilities

Hospitals

1 per 30 beds

1 per 15 beds

Healthcare services

1 per 4 FTE

1 per 8 FTE

Practitioners 1 space +

practitioners

1 per 10 FTE
practitioners
Veterinary clinics

1 per 15 FTE
employees

Entertainment and

Entertainment facilities

community facilities

Either:

Either: 1 per 15 FTE

1 per 50 seats Or:

2 plus 1 per 1500m

employees
2

GFA

Or:
1 per 1500m2 GFA

Major recreation

1 per 150 people

1 per 10 FTE

facility

(other than

employees

employees) at the

1 per 300m2 GFA of

facility at any one

office and other

time,

accessory uses

up to a maximum of
200 spaces
1 space + 1 per
1000m2 GFA of office
and other accessory
activities
Community facilities

1 per 200m2 GFA

1 per 500 m2 GFA

Organised Sport and

3 per hectare

1 per hectare

recreational facility

distributed in
groups of 3-5 racks

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Note: Further guidance on cycle parking can be found in Auckland Transports Code of Practice.

b.

all cycle parking must:

i.

be able to support the cycle without damaging it.

ii.

provide for the frame and rear wheel to be locked to the same stand,
without removing the rear wheel

iii.

be secure

iv.

be located so that a parking or manoeuvring cycle does not block

pedestrians

v.

be located so that a parked or manoeuvring cycle in not impacted by a

parking vehicle (eg opening a car door) or a moving vehicle

vi.

include enough manoeuvring space to allow a cycle to be moved without

damaging other cycles.

c.

in addition to (b) above, long stay cycle parking must:

i.

be located in a secured area that is not open to the general public

preferably behind a locked access gate or similar.

ii.

be located close to the employee entrance to the building.

iii.

be located where the cycle does not need to be carried up or down

stairs.

d.

in addition to (b) above, short stay cycle parking must:

i.

be located close to the customer entrance.

Further guidance on cycle parking can be found in Auckland Transports Code of

Practice.

3.

End-of-trip facilities
a.

the activities specified in Table 6 must provide end-of-trip facilities as listed

below.

Table 6: Required end-of-trip facilities (intended for staff use)

The following end-of-trip requirements apply to new buildings.
Land use

Secure

GFA

lockers
Offices,

1 per long stay

No. of showers and changing facilities

required

1000m2

one unisex shower where the

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Land use

Secure

education

GFA

No. of showers and changing facilities

lockers

required

cycle park

shower and associated changing facilities

facilities,

are provided independently of gender

hospitals

separated toilets or
a minimum of two showers

(one separate shower per gender)

with associated gender separated
changing facilities
500m

No requirement

501m2

One shower and changing area with

2500m2

space for storage of clothing.

2501m2

Two showers and changing area with

7500m

space for storage of clothing.

Every

One additional shower

additional
7500m

4.

Two additional showers and changing area

with space for storage of clothing

Number of loading spaces

a.

all activities must provide loading spaces as specified in Table 7.

Table 7: Minimum loading space requirements

Location

Activity

GFA

Minimum rate

Sites where all of the

All activities

No loading permitted

Retail and industrial

<1300m2

road frontages are

subject to:
a Vehicle Access
Restriction - general
in the City Centre
zone
a Key Retail Frontage
overlay (as identified
on the planning maps)
All other sites

activities

No loading required

1300 and <5000m

5000 and
<10,000m

1
2

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Location

Activity

GFA

Minimum rate

10,000m2

3 plus 1 for every

additional
10,000m2
7,500m2

All other activities

<5000m2

No loading required

5000 and
<20,000m

20,000 and

<90,000m2
90,000m2

3 plus 1 for every

additional
40,000m2

5.

Assessment of GFA
a.

where provided within a building, the area of any of the following activities is
excluded from the assessment of GFA for the purpose of calculating the total
number of parking or loading spaces permitted or required:
i.

any permitted or required parking space or spaces, vehicle accesses

and manoeuvring area or aisle

ii.

any required cycle parking and end-of-trip facilities any required

loading space or spaces.

6.

Fractional spaces
a.

where the calculation of the required or permitted parking results in a fractional

space, any fraction that is less than one-half will be disregarded and any
fraction of one-half or more will be counted as one space. For example, if the
number of parking spaces is between 12.1-12.4, the actual number of spaces
required or permitted must be rounded down to 12. If the calculation is
between 12.5-12.9 spaces, the number of spaces required or permitted will be
rounded to 13.

If there are different activities within a development, the

parking required or permitted for each activity must be added together prior to
rounding.

7.

Accessible parking
a.

where parking is provided, the Building Code requires parking spaces to be

provided for people with disabilities and accessible routes from the parking
spaces to the associated activity or road. The dimensions and accessible route

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requirements are detailed in the New Zealand Building Code D1/AS1 New
Zealand Standard for Design for Access and Mobility Buildings and
Associated Facilities (NZS 4121-2001).

3.3

Design of parking and loading spaces

1.

Size and location of parking spaces

a.

every parking space must:

i.

comply with the minimum dimensions given in Table 8 and Figure 1.

Note - All dimensions are in metres (m)

b.

be located on the same site as the activity to which it relates unless one of the
following criteria is met:
i.

the parking is located in a Public Open Space zone and the reserve,
park or recreation area consists of more than one adjoining Certificate
of Title. In that case, the parking must be located within the same
reserve, park or recreation area as the activity to which it relates

ii.

resource consent is granted to an alternative arrangement, such as

shared parking, off-site parking, or non-accessory parking

c.

not be used for any other purpose

d.

be kept clear and available at all times the activity is in operation, except
where stacked parking is permitted by clause 3.3.3.2 below

e.

e1.

be located outside any area designated for road widening:

i.

required yard on the site

ii.

area designated for road widening

parking located in part of any yard on the site (where it is permitted in the
zone) must not:
i.

impede vehicular access and movement on the site

ii.

infringe any open space and landscape requirements for the relevant
zone

f.

not to be sold or leased separately from the activity for which it provides
parking required under a resource consent or permitted parking.

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Table 8: Minimum Car parking space and manoeuvring dimensions

Car parking

Width of parking

Depth of parking

Manoeuvring

angle

space

space

space***

90 degrees

2.4

(regular users)****

90 degrees
(casual users)****

75 degrees

60 degrees

45 degrees

30 degrees

0 degrees
(parallel)*****

From

From

wall*

kerb**

5.0

4.0

Total

7.1

12.1

2.5

6.7

11.7

2.6

6.3

11.3

2.7

5.9

10.9

7.7m

12.7m

2.6

7.0

12.0

2.7

6.7

11.7

6.3

11.5

2.6

5.2

10.4

2.7

4.2

9.4

4.1

9.3

2.6

3.5

8.7

2.7

3.3

8.5

3.0

8.0

2.6

3.0

8.0

2.7

3.0

8.0

2.8

6.8

2.6

2.8

6.8

2.7

2.8

6.8

3.7

2.5m

2.5

2.5

2.5

2.5

5.0m

5.2

5.2

5.0

4.0

4.0m

4.2

4.2

4.2

3.4

2.1

6.0

2.4

2.1

Notes
* Where a parking space adjoins a wall or high kerb that does not allow vehicles to overhang.
** Kerb overhang. Applies where a vehicle may overhang the end of a space, provided that the
first 1m immediately behind the space is unobstructed and does not form part of another parking
or loading space, or is not required as part of pedestrian walkway or footpath. Wheel stops are
required where a parking space would otherwise overhang onto a pedestrian walkway or
footpath.
*** One way traffic is assumed for all angled parking spaces, excluding car parking at a 90
degree angle The manoeuvring space dimensions are the minimum one way aisle width allowed

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for the particular angle of parking used.

**** Regular users are people whose regular use gives them a familiarity with the parking area
that permits smaller safe clearances about the parking spaces (for example residents,
employees, long term parking users). Casual users are people, typically short-term visitors, who
would not be familiar with the parking layout
***** Where a parallel end space has direct access through the end of the space, the depth of
space can be reduced to 5.4m
Figure 1: Minimum Parking space and manoeuvring dimensions

3.3.2. Size and location of loading spaces

1.

Every loading space must:

a.

comply with the minimum dimensions given in Table 79.

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Table 9: Minimum Loading space dimensions

Activity

Length of loading

Width of loading

space (m)

space (m)

11

3.5

All other activities

3.5

All sites and developments

18

3.5

Retail and industrial

activities

designed to accommodate
articulated vehicles

b.

be located on the same site as the activity to which it relates, and be

available at all times while the activity is in operation., be located adjacent to
an area for goods handling.

c.

d.

be located outside any area designated for road widening

i.

required yard on the site (excluding residential activity)

ii.

area designated for road widening.

comply with the following when any yard of a site is used to provide the
loading space (where it is permitted within the zone)
i.

ensure that the footpath or access to the rear of the site or access to an
adjacent property is not blocked at any time

ii.

the use of the loading space does not create a traffic hazard on the
road at any time

3.3.3. Access and manoeuvring

1.

Every parking and/or loading space must:

a.

have driveways and aisles for entry/exit of vehicles to/from the road, and for
vehicle manoeuvring within the site. Access and manoeuvring areas must
accommodate the 85 percentile car and 99 percentile truck tracking curves
in Figure 2 and Figure 3 with the exception of:
i.

dwellings, where only the 85 percentile car tracking curve will apply.

ii.

in the Heavy Industry, Light Industry, and General Business zones

where access and manoeuvring areas must accommodate a tracking
curve for an appropriately sized truck for the type of activities to be
carried out on the site. Tracking curves are set out in the following NZTA
guidelines: RTS 18 New Zealand On Road Tracking Curves for Heavy

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Motor Vehicles 2007.

ai.

Every loading space and where access and manoeuvring areas

must accommodate heavy vehicles, a tracking curve for an
appropriately sized truck for the type of activities to be carried out
on the site must be assessed. Heavy vehicle tracking curves are
set out in the following NZTA guidelines: RTS 18 New Zealand On
Road Tracking Curves for Heavy Motor Vehicles 2007.

Notes
Proprietary software packages may be used for tracking assessments of more complex
situations

2.

Where a dwellings provides more than one parking space, one space per dwelling
parking may be stacked.
Stacked parking means access is required through another parking space.

3.3.4. Reverse manoeuvring

1.

Sufficient space must be provided on any the site so vehicles do not need to
reverse off the site or onto or off the road from any site where any of the following
apply:
a.

rear site (excluding residential)

b.

other site where any of the following apply:

ai.

four or more required parking spaces are served by a single access

bii.

there is more than 30m between the parking space and the road
boundary of the site

ciii

access would be from an arterial road or otherwise within a Vehicle

Access Restriction covered in clause 3.4.1.

3.3.5. Vertical clearance

1.

To ensure vehicles can pass safely under overhead structures to access any
parking and loading spaces, the minimum clearance between the formed surface
and the structure overhead clearances to access any parking and loading spaces
must be:
a1.

2.1m where access and/or parking for cars is provided for residential activities

a.

2.3m where access and/or parking for cars is provided for all other activities

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b.

2.5m where access and/or accessible parking for people with disabilities is
provided

c.

3.8m where loading is required 4.5m where access and/or loading for a heavy
vehicle is required.

d.

2.1m above parking spaces for dwellings

3.3.6. Formation and gradient

1.

Except for clause 2 below, the whole area of parking and loading spaces, and
manoeuvring areas and aisles must be formed, drained, provided with an
all-weather surface to prevent dust and nuisance, and be marked out or delineated.
This must be done before the activity to which those parking and loading spaces
relate commences, and maintained for as long as that activity is continued.

2.

Parking and loading spaces and manoeuvring areas and aisles do not need to be
provided with an all- weather surface in the following zones:

3.

4.

a.

Rural Conservation zone

b.

Rural Coastal zone

c.

Mixed Rural zone

d.

Rural Production zone

The gradient for the surface of any parking space must not exceed:
a.

1 in 25 in any direction for accessible spaces for people with disabilities

b.

1 in 20 (5 per cent) in any direction for other spaces.

The gradient for the manoeuvring area must not exceed 1 in 8.

3.3.7. Lighting
1.

Lighting is required where there are 10 or more parking spaces which are likely to
be used during the hours of darkness. The parking and manoeuvring areas and
associated pedestrian routes must be adequately lit during use in a manner that
complies with Auckland-wide lighting rules.

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Figure 2: 85 percentile car tracking curve

Note: the dotted line about the vehicle depicts a 300mm clearance about the vehicle
See following key

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Key for 85 percentile car tracking curve

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Figure 3: 99 percentile truck tracking curve (NOTE: TO DELETE FIGURE 3)

3.4

Access

3.4.1 Vehicle Access Restrictions

1.

Vehicle Access Restrictions apply and new vehicle crossings must not be
constructed to provide vehicle access across any that part of a site boundary
which is subject to:
a.

a Vehicle Access Restriction - General in the City Centre zone

b.

a Key Retail Frontage (Zone controls, Building Frontage Maps) overlay

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Infringing this control is a non-complying activity unless the application involves:

i.

the use of an existing vehicle crossing to service the establishment of a

new activity, a change of activity type, the expansion or intensification of
an existing activity or where a building(s) is constructed, substantially
reconstructed, altered or added to.

ii.

the construction of a new vehicle crossing and the establishment of the

vehicle crossing is to relocate and/or amalgamate an existing vehicle
crossing or crossings serving the site, that will reduce or otherwise not
increase either the number of crossings or width of crossings serving a
site; or there is no other means of accessing a site.

Where i. and ii. are a restricted discretionary activity

2.

Clause 3 below applies in any of the following circumstances:

a.

a new vehicle crossing is proposed

b.

an new activity is established on a site

c.

there is a change of type of activity

d.

a building(s) is constructed, or extended by more than 10% of the existing

GFA or 250m2, whichever is the lesser substantially reconstructed, altered or
added to . Except that this does not apply in the case of a dwelling where the
reconstruction, alteration or addition does not increase the number of
dwellings on a site.

3.

Except where consent has been granted by means of a restricted discretionary

activity, Vehicle Access Restrictions apply and vehicle crossings must not be
constructed or used to provide vehicle access across that part of a site boundary
which:
a.

is located within 10m of any intersection, as illustrated in Figure 4 as

measured from the property boundary

b.

is subject to the following types of Vehicle Access Restriction (as identified on

the planning maps) in the zones listed below:

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Table 12:
Type of Vehicle

Zone

Access
Restriction
Vehicle Access

All zones except the City Centre which is covered in clause

Restriction -

3.4.1.1(a)

General
Vehicle Access

All zones

Restriction Motorway
Interchange Control
Vehicle Access

All zones

Restriction Level
Crossing

c)

has frontage to a state highway other than a motorway and one of the following apply:
a.

a new vehicle crossing is proposed

b.

use of an existing vehicle crossing does not meet the development controls in clause
3.4.5 for access to a state highway

d)

has frontage to an arterial road as identified on the planning maps other than a state
highway which is covered in clause (c) above.

di.

Note:

is located closer than 30m from a railway level crossing limit line

All access to the State highway network (including changes to existing access

and subdivision or change in land use utilising an existing access) require the approval of the
New Zealand Transport Agency under the Government Roading Powers Act 1989. This
approval is separate and additional to any land use or subdivision consent approval required.
Applicants are advised to contact the New Zealand Transport Agency's Auckland Office.

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Figure 4: Vehicle crossing restrictions - 10m

3.4.2 Width and number of vehicle crossings

1.

The maximum number of vehicle crossings permitted for any site and
separation distance between crossings is specified in Table 13 below.

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Table 13: Maximum number of vehicle crossings and separation distance between
crossings
Location

Maximum number

Minimum

Minimum

of vehicle

separation from

separation

crossings per road

crossings serving

between

frontage of the

adjacent sites

crossings

site
Any That part of a site

serving same site

No crossings permitted

No crossings permitted

No crossings permitted

Any That part of a site

1 per 50m of frontage

2m provided that two

Only one

subject to:

or part thereof

crossings on adjacent

crossing

a Vehicle Access

sites can be combined

permitted 6m

Restriction under

where they do not

clause

exceed a total width of

3.4.1.2 and 3.4.1.3 (see

6m at the property

additional limitation

boundary

subject to:
a Vehicle Access

Restriction - general in
the City Centre zone
a Key Retail Frontage

(Zone controls,
Building Frontage
Maps)
overlay

below for site at 71-75

Grafton Road)
a General Commercial

Frontage (Zone controls,

Building Frontage Maps)
overlay
Site at 71-75 Grafton

1 - located within the

Road

area

No limitation

Only one crossing

permitted

identified on Figure 5
All other sites

2 1 per 25m of frontage

2m provided that two

or part thereof

crossings on adjacent

6m

sites can be combined

where they do not
exceed a total width of

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6m at the property
boundary

Figure 5: Location of vehicle crossing at 71-75 Grafton Road

2.

The width of a vehicle crossing(s) must meet the minimum width and not exceed
the maximum width as specified in Table 15.

3.

Where a site has frontage to both an arterial and non-arterial road, the vehicle
crossing must be on the non-arterial road.

4.

With the exception of vehicle crossings on unsealed roads, all vehicle crossings

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must be designed and constructed to maintain the level, colour, and materials of
the footpath to clearly identify to vehicles that pedestrians have priority.

5.

Vehicle crossings on unsealed roads:

a.

where the vehicle crossing is served by an access steeper than 1 in 8, the

vehicle crossing must be sealed for 6m between the site boundary and the
unsealed road.

b.

vehicle crossings not covered by (a) above must be formed using materials
similar to the existing road surface or better.

6.

Where a vehicle crossing is altered or no longer required, the crossing, or

redundant section of crossing, must be reinstated as berm and/or footpath and
the kerbs replaced. The cost of such work will be borne by the owner of the site
previously accessed by the vehicle crossing.

3.4.3 Width of vehicle access and queuing requirements

1.

Every on-site parking and loading space must have vehicle access from a road,
with the vehicle access complying with the following standards for width:
a.

meeting the minimum formed access width specified in Table 15

b.

passing bays are provided in accordance with Table 14 for any access which
is:
i.

greater than 100m long, and less than 5.5m wide in a Rural zone, or

ii.

greater than 50m long, and less than 5.5m wide in any other zone.

Table 14: Passing bay requirements

Zone

Length of access

Width of

Minimum

access

Maximum

Passing bay width

intervals
between passing
bays
Rural

Exceeds 100m

100m

Increase

formed

All other zones

Exceeds 50m

50m

width of access to

Less

5.5m over a 15m

than

length

5.5.m

(to allow two

vehicles to safely

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pass each
othe
r)

Increase formed
width of access
to 5.5m over 7m
with 450 tapers

2.

Access must be designed so that vehicles using or waiting to use fuel

dispensers, ticket vending machines, remote ordering facilities and devices,
entrance control mechanisms, or other drive-through facilities do not queue into
the adjoining road reserve or obstruct entry to or exit from the site.

Table 15: Vehicle crossing and vehicle access widths

Location of site

Minimum width

frontage

of crossing at site of crossing at site

Residential zone

Maximum width

boundary

boundary

3.5m (for sites

3.5m (one way)

Minimum formed access width

Serves nine or less 2.5m provided it is

where access is

parking spaces

contained within a

from a state

or 1 5 dwellings

corridor clear of

highway other

buildings or parts

than a motorway)

of a building with a

2.75m for other

minimum width of

sites

3m

(one way)
5.5m (two-way)

6.0m (two-way)

Serves

ten

or
car

5.5m (providing for

This may be

more

narrowed to 2.75m

parking

if there are clear

or six or more

pedestrian

sight lines along

dwellin

access for rear

the entire access

gs

sites

spaces

two-way
movements) 1.5m

and passing bays

at 50m intervals
can be provided

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Centres, Mixed

3.5m (for sites

3.5m (one way)

Serves nine or less 2.5m provided it is

Use and all other

where access is

parking spaces

contained within a

zones not listed

from a state

or two or less

corridor clear of

below

highway other

loading spaces

buildings or parts

than a motorway)

of a building with a

3.0m for other

minimum width of

sites

3m

(one way)
5.5m (two-way)

6.0m (two-way)

Serves ten or more 5.5m (providing for

parking spaces

two-way

or three or more

movements)

loading spaces

1.5m pedestrian
access for rear
sites

Location of site

Minimum width

frontage

of crossing at site of crossing at site

General Business,

Maximum width

boundary

boundary

3.7m (one way)

4.0m (one way)

Minimum formed access width

Serves nine or less 2.5m 3.0m

Business Park or

parking spaces

provided it is

Industrial zone

or two or less

contained within a

loading spaces

corridor clear of
buildings or parts
of a building with a
minimum width of
3.5m

Rural zones

5.5m 6.0m

6.7m7m (two-way) Serves ten or more 5.5m 6.0m

(two-way)

3.5m (for sites

6.0m

parking spaces

(providing for

or three or more

two-way

loading spaces

movements)

No

where access is

minimum

from a state

specified

highway other
than a motorway)
3.0m for other sites

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* Provided that a maximum width of 9.0 m is permitted where the crossing needs to
accommodate the tracking path of large heavy vehicles

Minimum vehicle crossing widths to the State highway network may be greater than those
above. All access to the State highway network requires the approval of the New Zealand
Transport Agency under the Government Roading Powers Act 1989. Applicants are
advised to contact the New Zealand Transport Agency's Auckland Office.

3.4.4 Gradient of vehicle access

1.

The gradient of the access must not be steeper than specified in Table 16.

Table 16: Gradient of vehicle access

Access type

Maximum gradient

Vehicle access serving

1 in 4 5 (2025%)

Dwellings residential
Vehicle access used by

1 in 8 (12.5%)

Heavy vehicles
Vehicle access serving all 1 in 6 (16.7%)8 (12.5%)
other activities

Note
For curved ramps and driveways, the gradient is measured along the inside radius (refer to
Figure 6).

2.

To avoid the underside of the car striking the ground, as illustrated in Figure 7,
access with a change in gradient exceeding 1 in 8 (greater than 12.5 per cent
change) at the summit or a 1 in 6.7 (15 per cent change) at a sag must include
transition sections to achieve adequate ground clearance, refer to Figure 8.
Typically, a transition section requires a minimum length of 2m.

3.

All vehicle access must be designed so that where the access adjoins the road there
is sufficient space on-site for a platform so that vehicles can stop safely and check
for pedestrians and other vehicles prior to exiting. This is illustrated in Figure 9. The
platform must have a maximum gradient no steeper than 1 in 20 (5 per cent) and a
minimum length of 4m for residential activities and 6m for all other activities.

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Figure 6: Curved ramp diagram

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Figure 7: Illustrating the benefit of transitions

Correct

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Incorrect

Figure 8: Gradient transition

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Note
The gradient change is determined by subtracting one gradient from the adjacent gradient, both
expressed as percentages if this is greater than a 12.5 per cent change, then a gradient
transition will be required.

Figure 9: Illustrating the benefits of a level platform

Correct

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Incorrect

3.4.5 Vehicle crossings and access for state highways, excluding motorways

1.

Vehicle access to a state highway, excluding motorways, is permitted where all of

the following criteria are met:
a.

the access is an existing authorised crossing place pursuant of s. 91 of the

Government Roading Powers Act 1989

b.

the access serves dwellings only

c.

the access serves no more than three sites and no more than three
dwellings

d.

the vehicle crossing is constructed in accordance with Figure 10

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e.

the stopping sight distance is in accordance with Tables 17 and 18

f.

compliance with (d) and (e) is confirmed in writing by a chartered

professional engineer at the time of resource, subdivision or building
consent application, whichever is lodged first.

Figure 10: Vehicle crossing standards for State highways

Notes for Figure 10:

1.

R* is the radius of the curve

2.

The dimension 3.5-6m refers to the width of the vehicle crossing. Appropriate width
between these dimensions will depend on use.

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Tables 17 and 18 must be used to determine whether a vehicle access to a state highway has
safe stopping sight distances for approaching vehicles.

Access culvert headwall detail

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Note: Access pipe bedding shows the cross section for B - B in Access culvert headwall detail
diagram above.
Concrete headwall shows the cross section for A - A in Access culvert headwall detail
diagram above.

Table 17: Stopping sight distances for cars on state highways

Design speed (km/h)(1)

Minimum values(2) (stopping sight

distances measured in metres)

40

67

50

90

60

114

70

141

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80

170

90

201

100

234

110

270

Notes
(1)

The design speed is the 85th percentile approach operating speed. The default
value for this is the speed limit.

(2)

The minimum values in this table are based on a general minimum reaction
time of two seconds.

Table 18: Corrections to stopping sight distances due to grade

Corrections due to

-8%

-6%

-4%

-2%

4%

6%

8%

grade

gradient

gradient

gradient

gradient

gradient

gradient

gradient

40 km/h

5m

3m

2m

1m

-2m

-2m

-3m

50 km/h

-3

-4

-5

60 km/h

11

-4

-6

-7

70 km/h

15

11

-5

-8

-10

80 km/h

20

14

-7

-10

-13

90 km/h

25

18

11

-9

-13

-16

100 km/h

31

22

14

-11

-16

-20

110 km/h

38

26

17

-13

-19

-24

Note
This table sets out the distance (m) to be added or subtracted from the stopping sight distances
in Table 17 to correct for gradient.

3.4.6 Sightlines for road/rail level crossings

1.

Sites subject to sightlines for level crossings are identified on the planning maps by
the Auckland- wide restrictions, Infrastructure overlay - Level crossings with
sightline controls. Level crossings with sightline controls are controlled by Stop or
Give Way signs, rather than by alarms and/or barrier arms. If alarms and/or barrier
arms are subsequently installed at these locations, the rules below cease to apply.

2.

Approach sight triangles (refer to Figure 11)

a.

on sites adjacent to the level crossings with sightline controls, buildings or

structures or vegetation exceeding 1m in height cannot be located within
the approach sight triangles identified on the planning maps.

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Figure 11: Approach sight site triangles for rail level crossings with stop or give way
signs

ii.

the approach sight triangles are calculated by reference to Figure 11. For a single
set of railway tracks, the sight triangles are defined by a triangle taken 30m from the
outside rail and 320m along the railway track. For each additional set of tracks, 25m
is added to the 320m along the railway track.

3.

Restart sight triangles (see Figure 12)

a.

on sites adjacent to the level crossing with sightline controls, buildings, or

structures or vegetation exceeding 1m in height cannot be located within
the restart sight triangles identified on the planning maps.

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Figure 12: Restart sight site triangles for rail level crossings

b)

the restart sight triangles are calculated by reference to Figure 12. For a single set
of tracks, the sight triangles are defined by a triangle taken 5m from the outside rail
and 677m along the railway track. For each additional set of tracks, 50m is added
to the 677m along the railway track.

3.4A Design and location of off-road pedestrian and cycling facilities

a.

the design and location of the proposed facility to ensure good connections to
existing facilities

b.

the width of the path is designed to accommodate the anticipated number and type
of users

c.

the surface of the path is designed to safely provide for the anticipated number and
type of users

4.

Assessment - Restricted discretionary activities

4.1

Matters of discretion
The council will restrict its discretion to the matters in listed below for the activities listed as
restricted discretionary in the activity table.

1.

Off-road pedestrian and cycling facilities

a.

Location, design and external appearance

b.

Compatibility with surrounding activities

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2.

3.

4.2

Park-and-ride
a.

Effect on the transport network

b.

Location, design and external appearance

c.

Compatibility with surrounding activities

Public transport facility

a.

Effect on the transport network

b.

Location, design and external appearance

c.

Compatibility with surrounding activities

Assessment criteria
The council will consider the relevant assessment criteria below for the restricted
discretionary activities listed above.

1.

Off-road pedestrian and cycling facilities

a.

Location, design and external appearance

i.

the location, design and external appearance of any off-road pedestrian

and cycling facility:

is legible and designed to provide for safe and convenient access

for users, including safe connections with the existing road network

creates minimal adverse effect on the vegetation, landform and

character of the surrounding environment.

b.

Compatibility with surrounding activities

i.

the facility is compaftible with surrounding activities with particular

regard to residential uses.
This includes:

ensuring that the design and operation of any lighting meets

the Auckland-wide - Lighting rules.

2.

Park-and-ride and public transport facility

a.

Effect on the transport network

i.

any proposed facility will be located and designed to support the public
transport system by:

locating in close proximity to public transport stations, stops and

terminals

growing public transport patronage, especially to assist in relieving

congested corridors by encouraging commuters to shift to public

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transport for their travel

making public transport easier and more convenient to use, thereby

attracting new users

improving the operational efficiency of the public transport system,

particularly the Rapid and Frequent Service Network

extending the catchment for public transport into areas of low

demand where it is not cost-effective to provide traditional services
or feeders

reinforcing existing and future investments on the Rapid and

Frequent Service Network

providing free, secure and covered parking for cycles.

ii.

the scale, design, management and operation of the facility and its
access points will not have an adverse effect on the effective, efficient
and safe operation of the transport network, including:

the safety of pedestrians and cyclists

amenity for pedestrians

avoiding queuing onto the road and conflict at access points

to the facility

avoiding generating high volumes of traffic onto local roads or

areas with high pedestrian amenity

the operation of public transport services and related

infrastructure

b.

Location, design and external appearance

i.

the location, design and external appearance of any park and ride or
public transport facility:

complements adjacent uses and developments with any

buildings or structures to be of similar or compatible scale to
those existing or provided for in the surrounding area

compatible with and meets the planning and design outcomes

identified in this Unitary Plan for the site and / or location
generally

provides appropriate screening on the facade of any building

so vehicles are not visible from the public realm

is accessible, safe and secure for users with safe and

attractive pedestrian connections within the facility and to
adjacent public footpaths

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provides an attractive interface between any buildings,

structures or at-grade parking areas and adjacent streets and
public open spaces. Depending on location and scale, this
includes:
-

maintaining an active frontage through sleeving and / or

an interesting appearance through use of architectural
treatments so that the facility contributes positively to the
pedestrian amenity and to any retail, commercial or
residential uses along the road it fronts

planting and other landscaping

provides for any buildings to be adapted for other uses if

no longer required for parking. In particular, the floor to
ceiling height of a parking building at street level should be
capable of conversion to other activities provided for in the
zone.

c.

Compatibility with surrounding activities

i.

the facility is compatible with surrounding activities with particular regard

to residential uses.
This includes:

ensuring that the design and operation of any lighting meets

the Auckland-wide lighting rules.

ensuring that the design and operation of any park-and-ride or

public transport facility meets the Auckland-wide noise rules.

5.

Assessment - Development control infringements

5.1

Matters of discretion

In addition to the general matters of discretion in clause 2.3 of the general provisions, the
council will restrict its discretion to the matters below for the listed development control
infringement.

1A.

Any activity or subdivision which exceeds the trip generation thresholds under
clause 3.1

a.

Effects on the transport network

1.

Any activity or development which provides more than the maximum

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permitted number of parking spaces under clause 3.2.1.

2.

a.

Adequacy for the site and the proposal

b.

Effects on intensification

c.

Effects on the transport network

Any activity or development which provides fewer than the required

minimum number of parking spaces under clause 3.2.1.

a.

Adequacy for the site and the proposal

a1.

Effects on adjacent activities and on the adjoining transport network

a2.

Availability and suitability of alternative parking supply and management

arrangements

2A.

Any activity or development which infringes the development controls

for cycle parking and end-of-trip facilities in clause 3.2.2 and 3.2.3.

a.

3.

adequacy for the site and the proposal.

Any activity or development which provides fewer than the minimum

number of loading spaces under clause 3.2.4.

4.

a.

Adequacy for the site and the proposal

b.

Effects on the transport network

Any activity or development which infringes the development controls for

design of parking and loading areas or access under clause 3.3.

4A.

a.

Adequacy for the site and the proposal

b.

Design of parking, loading and access

c.

Effects on pedestrian and streetscape amenity

d.

Effects on the transport network

Use of an existing vehicle crossing where a Vehicle Access Restriction

applies under clause 3.4.1.1

a.

Effect on the transport network

b.

Street and pedestrian amenity

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4B.

Construction of a new vehicle crossing where a Vehicle Access

Restriction applies under clause 3.4.1.1

a.

Effect on the transport network

b.

Building frontage, pedestrian priority, pedestrian safety, street and pedestrian

amenity

5.

Construction or use of a vehicle crossing where a Vehicle Access

Restriction applies under clause 3.4.1.2 and 3.4.1.3

6.

a.

Adequacy for the site and the proposal

b.

Design and location of access

c.

Effects on pedestrian and streetscape amenity

d.

Effects on the transport network

Any building or structure located within a sightline area applying to a

road/rail level crossing with sightline controls under clause 3.4.6.
a.

7.

Effects on the transport network

Any activity or subdivision which exceeds the traffic generation

thresholds under clause 3.1
a.

5.2

Effects on the transport network

Assessment criteria

When considering an application for a restricted discretionary activity for a proposal listed below,
the council will consider the whether the proposal meets the criteria listed below.
The council will consider the relevant assessment criteria below for the restricted discretionary
development control infringements listed above;

1A.

Exceeding the trip generation threshold

a.

the effects on the function and the safe and efficient operation of the
transport network including pedestrian movement, particularly at peak traffic
times.

b.

the implementation of mitigation measures proposed to address adverse

effects which may include measures such as travel planning, providing
alternatives to private vehicle trips including accessibility to public transport,
staging development, or contributing to improvements to the local transport

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network.

1.

Providing more than the maximum permitted number of parking spaces:

a.

the effects additional land used for of the parking on the will not
undermine efficient use of land and the growth and intensification provided
for in the Unitary Plan in the following zones and locations: City Centre,
Metropolitan Centre, Town Centre, Local Centre, Mixed Use, Terrace
Housing and Apartment Buildings zones and the City Centre Fringe
Parking (Auckland-wide controls maps) overlay.

b.

the unique nature and/or operation of the trip characteristics of the

proposed activities on the site requiringes additional parking spaces.

c.

the effects of the vehicle movements associated with the additional

parking spaces will not have a more than minor adverse effect on the safe
and efficient operation of the adjacent transport network, including public
transport and the movements of pedestrians, cyclists and general traffic.
This includes considering the effect of additional parking on trip generation
from the site during peak commuter times.

d.

the availability of whether there is insufficient alternative parking in the

surrounding area, including on street and public parking, to provide the
additional parking sought for the proposal.

e.

the availability of parking provision in the immediate vicinity to

accommodate parking demands from surrounding activities

f.

there is a lack of access to the Rapid and Frequent Service Network,

because the site is not within walking distance of a stop or station on the
Rapid and Frequent Service Network. Walking distance is generally
considered to be 1km for a stop on the rapid transit network and 800m for
other stops on the Rapid and Frequent Service Network. However,
walking distance will vary depending on the slope, terrain, attractiveness
of the pedestrian network, and the type of pedestrian

f1.

the adequacy and accessibility of public transport and its ability to serve the
proposed activity.

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g.

the applicant has demonstrated that it is not practicable mitigation

measures to provide the additional parking which may include measures
such as by entering into a shared parking arrangement with another site
or sites in the immediate vicinity

h.

the applicant has demonstrated that the extent to which the demand for
the additional parking cannot be adequately addressed by management of
existing or permitted parking. Depending on number of additional parking
spaces proposed, the number of employees, and the location of the site,
this may need to be supported by a detailed travel plan outlining
measures and commitments for the activity or activities on-site will to
minimise the need for private vehicle use and make efficient use of any
parking provided.

2.

Providing fewer than the required minimum number of parking spaces

a.

the amount of parking proposed is sufficient for the proposal having regard
due to:
i.

the nature of the operation including the interaction between activities on

the site

ii.

the availability and accessibility of the site by public transport serving the
site

iii.

the measures and commitments outlined in a detailed travel plan for the
site which will reduce the need for vehicle use to a level where parking
demands can be satisfactorily addressed through efficient use of the
proposed parking.
iiiA.

the

extent

to

which

activities

on

the

site

have

complementary parking demands.

b.

the effects of parking overspill from the reduction in parking on adjacent

activities and on the transport network will not result in more than minor
adverse effects from parking overspill on adjacent activities and the safe and
efficient operation of the adjoining transport network.

c.

the extent to which there is public parking on-street or off-street in the

immediate vicinity with capacity and availability at the times required to serve
the proposal. The council must have a reasonable expectation that the parking
will continue to be available to provide for the proposal.

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d.

the extent to which whether the parking requirements of the proposal will be
met by entering into a shared parking arrangement with another site in the
immediate vicinity that has available parking spaces which are not required at
the same time as the proposed activity. For example, the proposed activity
operates outside of normal business hours and the activity on the other site
only operates during normal business hours. In such a situation, the council
will require a legal agreement between the applicant and owner and occupiers
of the site confirming the arrangement.

di

the extent to which it is physically practicable to provide the required parking

on the site including in terms of the existing location of buildings and the
availability of access to the road.

dii.

if a character overlay applies to the site, the extent to which the provision of a
minimum carparking requirement would detrimentally affect the character and
features of the area or site identified by the overlay.

3.

Infringing the development controls for cycle parking and end-of-trip facilities
a.

sufficient provision is made for cyclists and active modes and changes
in demand for such facilities can be accommodated if the operation or
use changes over time, having regard to:
i.

the nature of the operation and the likely demand for long and short-term
cycle parking and end-of-trip facilities

iA.

the extent to which the cycle parking facilities are designed and located
to match the needs of the intended users.

iB.

the extent to which adequate alternative, safe and secure cycle parking
and end of trip facilities (such as showers and lockers), that meet the
needs of the intended users, are available in a nearby location that is
readily accessible.

iC.

the extent to which the parking can be provided and maintained in a

jointly used cycle parking area.

ii.

the availability of adequate public cycle parking for short-stay use in the
vicinity. The council must have a reasonable expectation that the public
cycle parking will continue to be available.

iii. the accessibility of the site to cyclists and pedestrians.

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b.

the provision made for cyclists and active modes is practicable and
adequate given site limitations and layout, arrangement of buildings
and activities, users and operational requirements.

4.

Providing fewer than the required number of loading spaces

a.

effects of the loading arrangements proposed for the site will not adversely
affect on the safe and efficient operation of adjacent transport network,
including public transport and pedestrian, cycle and general traffic movements.

b.

the specific business practice, operation or type of customer associated with

the proposed activities mean that the site will not need the standard number of
loading spaces.

c.

the extent to which an accessible and adequate on-street loading space is

available nearby or can be created while having regard to other demands for
kerbside use of the road. The council must have a reasonable expectation that
the loading space will continue to be available to provide for the proposal.

d.

the extent to which loading can be provided informally on site or on another

site in the immediate vicinity. that has available spaces which are not required
at the same time as the proposed activity. In such a situation, the council will
require a legal agreement between the applicant and the owner and occupiers
of the other site confirming the arrangement.

e.

the extent to which the reduction in loading spaces will contribute to the
efficient use of land and the growth and intensification provided for in the
Unitary Plan in the following zones and locations: City Centre, Metropolitan
Centre, Town Centre, Local Centre, Mixed Use, Terrace Housing and
Apartment Buildings zones and the City Centre Fringe overlay

4A.

Use of an existing vehicle crossing where a Vehicle Access Restriction applies

under clause 3.4.1.1
a.

Effect on the transport network

i.

effects of the location and design of the access on the safe

and efficient operation of the adjacent transport network
having regard to:

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visibility and safe sight distances

existing and future traffic conditions including speed,

volume, type, current accident rate, and the need for
safe manoeuvring

proximity to and operation of intersections

existing pedestrian numbers, and estimated future

pedestrian numbers having regard to the level of
development provided for in the Unitary Plan

existing community or public infrastructure located in

the adjoining road, such as bus stops, bus lanes and
cycleways.

b.

Street and pedestrian amenity

i.

the effects on the continuity of activities and pedestrian

movement at street level in the City Centre, Metropolitan, Town
and Local Centre zones.

ii.

the extent to which the existing crossing is to be upgraded as a

part of the development so as to improve the visual amenity of
the street

4B.

Construction of a new vehicle crossing where a Vehicle Access Restriction

applies under clause 3.4.1.1

a.

Effect on the transport network

i.

effects of the location and design of the access on the safe

and efficient operation of the adjacent transport network
having regard to:

visibility and safe sight distances

existing and future traffic conditions including speed,

volume, type, current accident rate, and the need for
safe manoeuvring

proximity to and operation of intersections

existing pedestrian numbers, and estimated future

pedestrian numbers having regard to the level of
development provided for in the Unitary Plan

existing community or public infrastructure located in

the adjoining road, such as bus stops, bus lanes and
cycleways.

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b.

Street and pedestrian amenity

i.

The new crossing should be part of a site redevelopment that

increases the proportion of a site's frontage developed as an
active edge.

ii.

The new crossing should enhance, or at least maintain, the appeal

of the street as an environment where pedestrians have priority
and are likely to enjoy spending time in.

iii.

Any new or relocated crossing should be accompanied by

mitigation measures to enhance overall pedestrian amenity this
could include:
-

A reduction in overall vehicle crossing width

weather protection for pedestrians

significant enhancement to the visual interest of the site's

frontage visible from the street

where appropriate, significant improvement in the width and

or quality of the footpath

5.

Infringing the development controls for design of parking and loading areas or
access;

a.

the modification will not have an adverse effects on the safe and efficient
operation of the adjacent transport network, including public transport,
pedestrians, cyclists and general traffic, having regard to:
i.

the effect of the modification on visibility and safe sight distances

particularly the extent to which vehicles entering/exiting the site can see,
and be seen by, pedestrians, cyclists and other vehicles on the footpath
and road carriageway:

ii.

existing and future traffic conditions including speed, volume, type,

current accident rate and the need for safe manoeuvring in all weathers

iii.

existing pedestrian numbers, and estimated future pedestrian numbers

having regard to the level of development provided for in the Unitary
Plan

iv.

existing community or public infrastructure located in the adjoining road,

such as bus stops, bus lanes, footpaths and cycleways.

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b.

the modification will not have an adverse effects on pedestrian amenity or

the amenity of the streetscape, having regard to:
i.

the effect of additional crossings or crossings which exceed the

maximum width

ii.

effects on pedestrian amenity and the continuity of activities and

pedestrian movement at street level in the City Centre, Metropolitan,
Town and Local Centre zones.

c.

the modification results in practicality and adequacy of parking, loading and

access arrangements which are practicable and adequate having regard to:

i.

site limitations and layout, and configuration of buildings and activities,

users requirements and operational requirements.

ii.

the ability of the access to accommodate the nature and volume of traffic
and vehicle types expected to use the access. This may include
considering whether a wider vehicle crossing is required to:

comply with the tracking curve applicable to the largest site

vehicle anticipated to use the site regularly

accommodate the traffic volumes anticipated to use the

crossing, especially where it is desirable to separate left and
right turn exit lanes
-

the desirability of separating truck movements accessing a

site from customer vehicle movements

whether the extent to which reduced manoeuvring and

parking space dimensions can be accommodated because
the parking will be used by regular users familiar with the
layout, rather than by casual users.

iii.

any use of mechanical parking installation such as car stackers or

turntables does not result in queuing beyond the site boundary.

iv.

any stacked parking is allocated and managed in such a way where

access is through another parking space and does not comply with the
development controls, is:

for vehicles being serviced at a vehicle repair premises or

within residential development where stacked parking spaces

are held in common ownership, under a single title, and

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cannot be offered or allocated as individual parking spaces or

for regular users such as staff, and are clearly marked,

defined and separated from other parking and

located so it that it does not compromise the operation and

use of the remainder of the parking area.

6.

Construction or use of a vehicle crossing where a Vehicle Access Restriction applies

a.

This applies where a Vehicle Access Restriction is identified in 3.4.1.2 and

3.4.1.3, other than a Vehicle Access Restriction - Level Crossing or a
Vehicle Access Restriction Motorway Interchange.

i.

effects of the location and design of the access will not have an
adverse effect on the safe and efficient operation of the adjacent
transport network, including public transport, pedestrians, cyclists
and general traffic, having regard to:

visibility and safe sight distances particularly the extent to

which vehicles entering/exiting site can see, and be seen by,
pedestrians, cyclists and other vehicles on the footpath and
road carriageway

existing and future traffic conditions including speed, volume,

type, current accident rate, and the need for safe
manoeuvring in all weathers

proximity to and operation of intersections

existing pedestrian numbers, and estimated future pedestrian

numbers having regard to the level of development provided
for in the Unitary Plan

existing community or public infrastructure located in the

adjoining road, such as bus stops, bus lanes and cycleways.

ii.

the effects on access will not have an adverse effect on pedestrian

or streetscape amenity. This includes considering the continuity of
activities and pedestrian movement at street level in the City Centre,
Metropolitan, Town and Local Centre zones.

iii.

the practicability and adequacy of the access arrangements are

practicable and adequate considering site limitations and layout,
arrangement of buildings and activities, users requirements and
operational requirements, proximity to and operation of intersections,

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having regard to:

the extent to which whether the site can be reasonably be

served by different access arrangements including:

access from another road

shared or amalgamated access with another site or sites

via a frontage road, such as a slip lane or service road

the extent to which whether the need for access can

reasonably be avoided by entering into a shared parking
and/or loading arrangement with another site or sites in the
immediate vicinity.

iv.

for any proposed access within a Vehicle Access Restriction Motorway Interchange Control, the intensity, scale and traffic
generating nature of activities on the site are such that any adverse
effects on the safe and efficient operation of the motorway
interchange are avoided, remedied or mitigated.

v.

whether, when considered against other access opportunities for the

site, comparable or better outcomes are achieved in terms of effects
on the safe and efficient operation of the transport network, including
public transport and the movements of cyclists, pedestrians and
general traffic.

b1.

for any proposed access within a Vehicle Access Restriction - Motorway

Interchange Control;
i.

the intensity, scale and traffic generating nature of activities on the

site are such that any adverse effects on the safe and efficient
operation of the motorway interchange are avoided, remedied or
mitigated.

ii.

the extent to which, when considered against other access

opportunities for the site, comparable or better outcomes are
achieved in terms of effects on the safe and efficient operation of
the interchange

7.

Construction or use of a vehicle crossing where a Vehicle Access Restriction - Level

Crossing, applies
a.

the access will not have an adverse effects on the safe and efficient
operation of the adjacent transport network, particularly the road/rail

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level crossing
b.

the practicability and adequacy of the access arrangements are

practicable and adequate having regard to site limitations and layout,
arrangement of buildings and activities, users requirements and
operational requirements.

8.

Buildings or visual obstructions structures within a sightline area applying to a level

crossing with sightline controls
a.

the proposal will not have an adverse effects on the safety of the level
crossing for vehicles and pedestrians

b.

the proposal will not adversely aeffects on visibility and safe sight
distances particularly to the extent vehicles entering/exiting the level
crossing can see trains.

9.

Exceeding the traffic generation threshold

a.

the proposal integrates with the transport network and mitigates the
adverse effects of traffic generated on that network by measures such
as:
i.

development and implementation of a travel plan which will reduce the

need for vehicle

ii.

use staging of development to match with improvements to the transport

network

iii.

6.

undertaking or funding local improvements to the transport network.

Special information requirements

1.

Parking plans submitted to council must show:

a.

the locations and dimensions of any pillars and/or other structures that
may restrict parking space, or inhibit access and manoeuvring, as well as
clearances between parking spaces and vehicle tracking curves and
those pillars and/or other structures

b.

the proposed gradients of parking, manoeuvring and access areas.

Parking Facilities Part 1: Off-street Car Parking (New Zealand Standard for Off-street
Parking (AS/NZS 2890.1:2004) ) may assist applicants in designing parking areas.

2.

Travel plan

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a.

a travel plan may be required as part of an assessment of environmental

effects where a proposal exceeds the traffic generation threshold, provides
more parking than the maximums specified or fewer than the minimums
specified. A travel plan will not be required where the infringement of the
parking standards is minor in relation to the scale of the activity and
associated parking proposed.

3.

Applications for off-site parking must include information to demonstrate that:

a.

the proposal provides off-site parking which is related exclusively to the

parking requirements associated with activities located on other donor site(s)
in the area

b.

the off-site parking arrangements will be formalized on the land titles of all
sites involved, including extinguishing the ability to provide accessory parking
on the donor site(s)

c.

the parking has been transferred from the donor site(s) and the donor site(s)
are required or permitted by the parking standards of the Unitary Plan to
provide the number of parking spaces proposed.

4.

The council may require applications which affect the transport network system,
including proposals which exceed the traffic trip generation threshold, to include a
transport assessment prepared by suitably qualified transport planner or traffic
engineer.

4A.

Any activity which is not specifically provided for in the zone, and which will generate
100 vehicles or more (any hour) must include an Integrated Transport Assessment
prepared in accordance with the Auckland Transport ITA Guidelines in force at the
time of the application.

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