GATE
ENGINEERING
MATHEMATICS
FOR GATE
I.
Lin"qr rAlsebro Irf atrr"ce s
oF Deterr"inofe :
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Page 2 of 225
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Page 4 of 225
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Page 5 of 225
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Page 6 of 225
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Page 7 of 225
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SGI 7,, JPage 8 of 225
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w Rq",K oF qr'tr r\o! - Zero
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Page 9 of 225
to
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r i l.r,
( (n)s
Rs BRr
IZ
rx;
Non
Zera-
of order 3x3---
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,
Page 10 of 225
fo"Jl
lr 3 + r-l
(ts) I r 3 \
lo-
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2
s
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q ll3x+
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ro
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Page 11 of 225
qlg +u9^n3 '
llti
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Page 12 of 225
l. i
--V
iTcZ)\6c81
fr q.J giuen sU.+** oF e1*,
z = dr
O:rgbz: lQ:-Z = dr
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---
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Page 13 of 225
-gqll
Nr\ cons\
ste-"{
I3
I, Tne h o. oF Sol*.s +o1r *he
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6<+enn
oF
eq".
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xt tSttl_= 6
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+ zls
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s *,\
Page 14 of 225
<e
ro
6Tt3)+Lz---)
r* )-J = 1
loy+32z_ -L
ax -3y*Z = SA
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32-1 2 o'1
r14
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lLr
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lr-ri
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e S- rri*h h-,, lns
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R',-3Rr Rq - LR'
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Page 15 of 225
tL. Chec,.l< *1ne Co6s efeney
'
4lc *LJ {-6 z:
S3s*c,rrn ok
06 *tre
1-
e?"
x 1- J: 3Z = -l
lrx *'?Jtgr: z*l
feel
3ol' :
-l
3
CHOUDH,ARYS51@GMA
COV 97842Jb:lti
Rr-+-Rr , Rs*-Rr
I -8
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og
o(
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*r
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<rornrr)e-r's fu..le
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A
A
[:
__
lo
x =
A.z
OX
(3t' trta Y')qt-'
-l
rlq: 3
--llJ-32:
J r:l
I+-5-32. = -r(fnrc-e hre- h,q"e- dtsc-rlgsn4
S;s{e,nrr
.
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o. bS o\*
o
o-l
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Page 16 of 225
isfrc.ncff o h o,
Reo{
Let
ftr
l{
=A, fohere k e R,
) - tx : -L
l$
1= l<
t:-I
-uE lri tJe' lL hqra -di![-.
Solt qrp im Eni*er - --Ch
rck
lfe-,fo-nsis*enqrJ
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ol
vo.lres
3r-\
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l*
errnql-
*z = A
-t +J - z = 9
-l _L_6
,]
Ru*
l-l_
_r_ _q_ q
2 oo
Clr,
-l
J-
-l
2- o ls
lg
lq
/Al u*, d n
{f +n) :
3(AB)
/ (tel--
E+ 5 + a_;_6
I + zJtAz = lo
)c{-13 l.Az =v
Page 17 of 225
lem
oF@
tLe.ss
Cql
sol*
No
q-
Cb) un?e1ue
Sol* Cc)
Insl: 1'r.
L2-
2-
,\
lt
B-e
l.
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qs* Crol*
li.
l'r
ekc lt^"{t"f
'
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ll
e_3
1o
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Cqqp
f
f-P X*
to sol* -iF
- xf
1-- ---,^:gSsge=
-- Lp )-3 =o ',=-.L:lp_ :_o
I
i{Ag)-;-J.[aL
t'\orre
OocalTl-
fhql cne
2-
to
<s,
Rol* , iA-)-:,:*-:r-lq
Ip .\^q *o
J (+B) = g (A) .:
Uojque (o l- lE ) :L.34,
'TI + ?r ? )_z : B
2:c* 3.t * ),2 : lr
Pol- ?,A8--: L? i
2-g
es qnd- Li
1L*f,'q''Le--.pne g+lre,
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m@
Page 18 of 225
--
urrn cr! l'b.
A{s & l\rq qlr^re
nneler '
tl^oofs
F the ta er ro
. lics 1oof if, - L**.sd roots or
Yo]
ti
Ve
H5;ertr
t'
re,-{
eC drqra c leu f, -
tre on
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of
r{
I&
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c-to^r
Cs.fu
Pnof<rr
fre"
hlhfch
lB
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ss,.U-sEas *he'rnot-a{- err
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otat x
e+n
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iS elttal {o
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AT:
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(ar:-A)
skero
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pt t^relJ irnafi inqr3--OS_-!e-lpS:
Page 19 of 225
A:
o -r
l5
r ot , A'=forl
l-t o
A7:
j/
1
l;
4T:-4
---@
o'r
lo,aer A- es tr*Pgr {-*t*HL
e--E-f-er @
{i %+sl
sl
eJ@4-
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E'e.ol rqlqqsr
A_:- l* 3 ,
f5.n-- YaJ t -es ,
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Lgs4q oP: tqsHx
tct-ot',g'
r3
z\
A-
A:I
t,
): l,e
F$.d \hsrdsen -trelre oE sa=sLs---_l..to aee4 jq I"k" *I-rkng&g Fod,,* [- 3e- I lg
23
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---
I I-'l-I
Page 20 of 225
2-
2o
z"slg{c-l{:*-
s,s
a lt, s'
-*-=' r 2=L I
'-;- 4n
Shot^l
Ve"lors
UXer,-Vq.f,qes
d he" ec^te oP Qoo,
l
oF *l,p-_ nnsL{x_,
L-
c---uI
crgonoL@
>-6)
:-o
4xr + Arg; o--*--ru" mgj+ t""-+ {oo trnkrrnu;rt
i.l- cen, he sol,reol ort L,qi[@
-'. r r {- r a : o
--- '&nlS hhn ellrof, +o Zero-Ar-h-ileT r ? - I"
Xr
srr
l-rl
*rJ
T
l-l ,
0rLl
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LI,ll
,-,]t
Page 21 of 225
Ttr A =
(tr)
LI
\-, :, I li',]
-0
-)cr {- 9:cz :o
Xt =4xzTr :xz
t{l
-l!
[.+,-rf]
o.
--Ti-e--ehqrqo{qrisffr
eolt olli-c--mohjx
L *q
g,
r, B -G_t,
-6
L@ _adrlrQCl r ,
t+
",
4r
j_
T -q -6
2_
=__l_q8
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A: o
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* tq3
"-''-
9_ L
Q0 1,
Lz, 4
Prnd
tret
eh
ould
e ze-a
(Il_O*2,4- (cr -r ,1,4
4.
(_dl_,2+2r2
rnc,-hi
3 +si , d,=-[ --- ---- (h ) *(Lsi_g-rL_a. L
9,
-(q-r--cc)--3ti.-l.i*s4i-- L{d) s* -t + ei , *t -:i
tn
++fs fl^e,
the "ti*$*r"l
tf
vo-lt,-a
gle.rnentc
Coro e
Page 22 of 225
o.Ns o
"f qrnq nn c.l-eh e-! l,c i++'
s Fi"nd 1T" Xr."n I, qe8
qld *r'e E",
re c*o 'r ?
ta -+ elo -11
I
__
2_:
r +_:_4- 4_____
- jorlL
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Lr
-"12+gxg=o
6xg =O
--
(x r + aAz {- j)c" :o
S{r : *
![t :
2-
LXz*
fCr
--s-
Page 23 of 225
LZ
23
frt):
r
?,
-e
lo
_rl
lo
:l l1\
="
:6 rr+*lLXL**2JQ--:-O
rC, = 2d3
.;u _:_ :(s
2-
- -6tr
tl
-Lz(z) -t- 3 ( rr) :
Ia
3r Iq
2_
ll
3r
0r
lz-
6(
Por ):-)
x
L2x*=*2_x3:o
K x, * Lrz-
Srcr
2ct.
,1
ler
q-
Page 24 of 225
AM
A Nr A L. a rl O U D n A RY5 5 1 @ C
M Ar L.CO
97
8 42
3t
9E,-)
J,
fionn
the hn.,trfx '1"' =
One ol
{{,
L L
o
_-tr*1!C3:Q
__
Da-}tr
&.
+XL=o
nr Y_
1[r = )ca
2_t
Lx,
Ev
r, tJ 1 u-(tr) [ r, r-+Lkf+;-r , ,-J' rdr f s_+t
Tz- =- 2-X-:
--
,\ : l,t-13
*he E.v , tchi ch on e k *re
ec"ogr der leo si l:vl
-
Col
I
I
to
L\
t l-I:-
Tr
lu--
r, , {.] . I r,-r, rJ
The re-o-l rn- n rns+;x
,_
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/..1
Qr3-_Qa t
Gar-
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().rvr
et
Qn, Qy''z- Q'n,r ;
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11 03n
n
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2Page 25 of 225
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2"s-
S, Tt,e
l_e
nnq H^
sg'*t- 2-S -9--
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ffiil:l
Rrr +
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D(t -
=*-
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2-
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- 1)CrFUIc
2)c'
:O
= 9Y,
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