A Project Work on E.V.
S
About
The Economic Potential of
Biodiversity.
Name : Bob Daniel Mylliem Pdah.
Class : 12 (XII)
Section: Arts.
Roll. Number : 10 (Arts)
School : Laitumkhrah Presbyterian Higher
Secondary School.
Contents :
1. The Economic Potential of
Biodiversity.
The Introduction.
2. The Economic Importance of Plant
Diversity.
Uses of Plants Species & Value of Plants
Species
3. The Economic Importance of Animal
Diversity.
Value of Animal Livestock and Sources.
&
Uses of Animal Livestock and Sources.
4. Bibliography.
The Economic Potential of Biodiversity.
An Introduction.
Human Welfare and availability of resources go hand in hand. Economic welfare of
mankind is centered on consumption and utilization of natural resources at its
disposal. Several hundreds of species have served as bio-resources of great
potential, during the course of time as human civilization grew. There are many
millions of species of life on the planet each with valuable information, due to the
exploitation of plants and animals a large variety of domesticated animals have
emerged as well as agriculture, forestry and fisheries. Due to the emergence of new
bio-technologies great increases in the efficiency of traditional breeding
programmes that allow the modifications of organisms in ways that were impossible
using traditional techniques are now made easier.
Economic Importance of Plant Diversity :
Uses of Plants Species:
Plants are extremely important in the lives of people throughout the world. People
depend upon plants to satisfy such basic human needs as food, clothing, shelter,
and health care. These needs are growing rapidly because of a growing world
population, increasing incomes, and urbanization. Plants are the producers and form
the forests. Forests also supply raw materials for saw milling, paper and pulp and
pharmaceutical industries. Firewood, Wood fuel and processed forest products, such
as sawn wood and paper are important for other economic activities such as
construction, publishing, furniture making and packing material for manufactured
products. Plants provide food directly and also feed livestock that is then consumed.
In addition, plants provide the raw materials for many types of pharmaceuticals, as
well as tobacco, coffee, alcohol, and other drugs.
Value of Plants Species:
Markets, a place where people buy and sell goods and services, determine the
economic value of plants. The value depends on the expected uses and benefits
provided. The economic value of plants is measured by their prices in a market
economy. Plants that humans use for food are of high economic importance. A large
portion of money is spent on research into plants and plant extracts. Several key
medical discoveries have been made by studying plants and the compounds they
produce, to see the effect they have on humans. Economic botany is the
commercial exploitation of plants by people. This link between botany and
anthropology explores the ways humans use plants for food, shelter, medicines,
textiles, and much more, as plants became more useful for herbals and curatives,
their economic values have increased. A great variety of plants all over the world
have been used for food on a large scale. About 10,000 to 50,000 species are
thought to be edible, but only 150 are used as human food. 90% of the worlds food
comes from 15 species. Three of them wheat, corn and rice supply two-thirds of
this amount.
Economic Importance of Animal Diversity:
Value of Animal Livestock and Sources:
Animals are beneficial to human beings in many ways, apart from cattle very few
animal species are of economic importance in the world. Pigs are also the most
efficient meat-producers, Sheep and Goats are the most versatile livestock,
providing meat, milk and wool. Poultry has long been a source of meat and eggs. In
many parts of the developing world horses, mules, donkeys, camels etc. play
significant roles in the economic activity of man. Fishing is also of great economic
Importance, it represents the only significant source of human food that still relies
on natural food chains. Fish farming, the breeding and raising of fish like farm
animals is practiced in many parts of Asia. Apart from providing as sources of food,
Animals such as horses are also useful in transportation services and beekeeping for
harvesting honey and much more.
Uses of Animal Livestock:
There are a number of uses of animals for economic activity, they are liste d
below :1. Food material - Animal provide various types of food material i.e. meat, eggs,
milk, honey etc.
2. Cloth - Raw silk and wool are obtained from the animals which are used in the
production of cloth (woolen and silken).
3. Medicines - Liver oil and liver extracts are obtained from the liver of fishes and
other animals. Some hormones are also extracted from certain organs of the
animals.
4. Fuel - Cow dung when dried is used as fuel.
5. Manure - Compost (manure) is made by decomposition of animals excreta and
commonly used in agriculture fields.
6. Tilling of soil - This is done by the earthworms which expose out the under soil
while feeding and burrowing.
7. Transport - Horses, camels, mules, donkeys, bulls and buffaloes are used as pack
animals and for pulling carts etc for transportation.
8. Ornaments - Ivory (elephants), pearls (Oysters) and corals which are used in
making ornaments are obtained from different animals.
9. Industry - Leather, honey, wax are industrial products obtained from animals.
10. Other uses - Bristles of pigs are used in brushes. Some birds are useful in a way
that they eat many insect pests of crops, fruits and grains. Insects and birds help in
pollination and dispersal of seeds of plants.
Bibliography:
1. https://en.wikipedia.org
2. http://www.preservearticles.com
3. http://www.slideshare.net
4. http://www.encyclopedia.com
5. Environmental Science Class XII (12) Textbook.
6. http://redpath-museum.mcgill.ca
7. http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com
8. http://www.eniscuola.net
