General description of tNavigator

Training Tutorials 2014

Rock Flow Dynamics

Reservoir simulation tasks

Build
model

History Matching
Assisted History
Matching

Expert model Evaluation

Monitoring
Forecast

tNavigator main window

1. Run tNavigator
2. File. Open open E100 models
3. File, Open as - switch E300, IMEX, STARS, MORE
4. Main window contains the following options

Parallel: choose core number

for parallel calculations

Language: Settings,
Language, English

Open model

tNavigator reads the following data formats IMEX, STARS, MORE , E100, E300
Default E100
To open IMEX, STARS , MORE , E300 models press File. Open As

tNavigator documentation

tNavUserManualEnglish.pdf

User Manual. Physical model description, mathematic

model, formulas, keywords.

tNavUserGuideEnglish.pdf

User Guide. Description of tNavigator graphical interface

tNavArithmeticManualEnglish.
pdf

Arithmetic manual (User Arithmetic unique tNavigator

module. One can add and edit user maps, user cuts, user
graphs and model data file).

release_notes_eng.pdf

New features in tNavigator Gui and kernel in new releases.

Open model
1.
2.

File. Open
SingleReservoirWells/ m90.data

3D visualization

tNavigator can: Visualize the model before and during calculations (Maps, 2D and 3D
maps); Stop calculations, edit the model and run calculations again.
Time slider
Options
Visualization panel

Press on the block to see the value

of map parameter in this block

Report panel

Maps

2D map

3D map

Histogram

Maps List

Initial maps depth, porosity, block size along X, Y, Z axis,

permeability along X, Y, Z axis, transmissibility multipliers, etc.

Calculated maps pressure, saturation of oil, water, gas, ternary

saturation diagram, reciprocal of formation volume factor for water,
oil, gas, reciprocal of viscosity for water, oil, gas, etc.

Resources Oil in place, Mobile Oil in Place, Mass Mobile Oil in

Place, Gas in Place, etc.

Regions Pvtnum (PVT regions), Satnum (saturation regions),

FIPnum (Fluid-in-Place regions), Eqlnum (equilibration regions), etc.

User Cuts and User Maps maps and cuts that can be created via
User Arithmetics.

3D visualization
To rotate map hold left mouse button and move the mouse
To move map hold right mouse button and move the mouse
To scale map roll mouse wheel
Default view press left + right mouse click
Different models views Button Views and presentation params

10

Block statistics

11

Right mouse click on block on 2D or 3D map, choose Block statistics (size, porosity, permeability,
regions to which block corresponds etc.)
Press top left angle of table to select it Ctrl+C, Ctrl+V (to copy and export to Excel)

Change the block

Select X, Y, Z
coordinates here

11

Palette
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

12

The parameter values of properties on the map correspond to the colors on palette
Vertical color palette is marked by horizontal lines and numbers
In the figure the default palette (red, blue, green, yellow, red)
The color changes evenly between the two colors
To change Palette properties - right mouse click on the palette
Vertical palette

Green color value 0.4922

of oil saturation

12

Discrete palette

13

1. Right mouse click on palette. Set Discrete Palette

2. Discrete and Continuous palette
Discrete palette: color on the map corresponds to the parameter values from minimum
(specified in the palette on the horizontal line at the bottom of the color) to a maximum (in
the palette on the horizontal line at the top of this color)
Continuous palette: each parameter value corresponds to the color tone
3. Back to continuous palette - right mouse click on palette and Set Continuous Palette

Discrete palette

Continuous palette

Discrete palette: green color corresponds to the parameter

value from 93,923 140,13

13

Logarithmical palette
1.
2.
3.

14

Calculated Maps. Rel. Perm of Water

Right mouse click on the palette. Logarithmical palette
Logarithmical and default palette
Logarithmical palette: Logarithmical distribution of colors (different color tones for small
parameter values)
Default palette: linear distribution of colors
In any palette, you can add a new color or remove the color (right mouse click on the color)

Logarithmical palette

Green color parameter value 0.0005

Default palette

Green color parameter value 0.1501

14

Distance between blocks

15

1. 3D maps. Press Distance between two specified blocks

2. Left mouse click to note blocks, separated by a distance to be measured

15

Map statistics

16

1. Maps. Reserves. Mobile Oil in Place (Mass)

2. Map statistics
3. Map statistics: Entries (active blocks), Sum, Mean (average), RMS (Root Mean Square),
Minimum, Maximum value of parameter for this map

16

Cut to select reservoir top layers

17

1. User cuts. Cut

2. In Map arithmetic command line K<6 (5 top layers in Z direction will be selected). Apply.
3. Red color cut is true for these blocks, blue cut is false

17

Map statistics with Cut

1.
2.
3.
4.

18

Return to Maps. Reserves. Mobile Oil in Place (Mass)

Tick Use Cut. Cut.
5 top layers of the reservoir are visualized
Map statisctics is now for blocks to which Cut is true

18

One model in several windows

19

Press Create new window to open several windows with your model:
In different windows you can analyze: 2D and 3D maps, graphs, histograms
You can open new windows before or during calculations

19

2D maps

20

Dropdown menu for 2D maps:

Layer, Sum, Min, Max, Avg, Rms, Concentration, Density, Profile, Roof, Bottom, Cross-section

Layer: layer number in Zaxis direction (IJ), X-axis

(JK), Y-axis (IK)

Avg (average): of all

vertical layers

Sum: of all vertical layers

Rms (variance): variation of

all vertical layers
20

2D map Density

21

Mobile Oil in Place Density

dz(i, j, k )
density (map, i, j ) ( map(i, j , k )) *
V (i, j, k )
k

map(i, j, k )

dz (i, j, k )

Vb (i, j , k )

-- Value of map in the block (i, j, k);

-- Sum of the vertical column for (i, j). If Cut is enable then the sum will include
blocks for which this cut is true;
-- Value DZ (block size along Z) of the block (i, j, k);
-- Volume of the block (i, j, k) at current pressure.
21

2D map Concentration

22

Mobile Oil in Place Concentration

concentrat ion (map, i, j )

map(i, j, k )
k

V (i, j, k ) * ntg (i, j, k )

b

Vb (i, j , k )
ntg

Vb * ntg

-- Volume of the block (i, j, k) at current pressure;

-- Is specified via the corresponding keyword NTG (net to gross value);
-- Collector volume.
22

3D slicing

23

1. Uncheck all
2. Tick layers you want to visualize
3. Choose Union or Intersection of layers

3D slicing

Tick layers
Sliders to add group of layers

23

Histogram

24

1. Maps. Initial Maps. Porosity. Histogram

2. The height of the column - the number of blocks with the values of porosity (or other parameter)
in this range

Values (the height of the column corresponds to the

number of blocks with the values of porosity in the
range)
Percent (the height of the column corresponds to the
number of blocks per cent with the values of porosity in
the range)

Total number of active blocks (Entries);

Sum of porosity values for all blocks (Sum);
Mean (average value of porosity for blocks) (Mean);
RMS (porosity variance) (RMS root mean square).

24

2D Histogram

25

1. Two-dimensional histogram visualizes the relationship between the two parameters

2. We set the parameters that will be displayed along the axes X and Y (poro - porosity,
permx - permeability in X direction)
3. 2D histogram - visualization of their dependence
The dependence of the porosity (Poro) on the permeability of the cells in the direction of the axis X (PermX)

25

Run and stop calculations

26

1. Run calculations and Stop

2. Run calculations to the specified time step (Goto Step). Calculations will stop at this
step
3. When you reopen the model calculation can be run from any previously calculated step
4. Playback results Auto playback of calculated steps (step by step changes on the
maps, graphs, tables)
Run calculations
Playback results

Time slider

Stop
Run calculations to step,
Enter step number
Calculated steps are underlined with a red line

26

Calculations. Easy restarts

27

1. Interactivity in the calculation. You can stop the calculation, without waiting till the end, if,
for example, there is big difference between history and calculation data.
2. Restart calculation move time the slider to the time step, which requires a recalculation,
and run the calculation again
Stop calculations

Time slider

Red vertical line current

calculation step

27

Create profile (vertical section)

28

1. Create profile
2. Use mouse clicks to make profile line (the line of profile goes through block centers !
To make the straight line use Cross-section button (further in this course))
3. Apply. Ok

Create profile

28

Profile. Bubble Maps

1.
2.
3.
4.

29

2D Map. Profile
Tick Bubble Maps. Accumulated Bubble Maps
Near the circle there are values of accumulated oil, water, water injection
Size of bubble maps is changed via slider

Bubble Maps size slider

29

Profile. Bubble Maps

1.
2.
3.
4.

30

2D Map. Profile
Tick Bubble Maps. State Bubble Maps
Near the circle there are values of current oil rate, water rate, water injection rate
Size of bubble maps is changed via slider

Bubble Maps size slider

30

User Bubble Maps

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

31

2D maps. Sum
Tick Bubble Maps. Custom
Bubble Map1: Liquid Total, Oil total
Type - Calculated
Types: Calculated, Historical, Historical+ Calculated, Residual, Relative Residual

31

Grid properties along the profile

1.
2.
3.
4.

32

Graphs. Profile Info

Profiles. Profile 1
The option of processing along the profile: Avg
Properties: Pressure and Saturation of Oil (on the picture)
The horizontal block numbers are in the
order they are along the profile. Vertical: to
the selected parameters there is the average
value for blocks values (along the axis Z), the
sum value of the blocks values (along the
axis Z) or the value of the layer (layer number
is selected from the drop down menu).

32

Cross-section (horizontal)
1.
2.
3.
4.

33

Cross-section. Horizontal Cross-Section

Hold left mouse button (and move yellow sphere) to move the horizontal section plane
Or enter section depth in meters
Apply. Ok Cross-section 1 is made

Cross section

33

Cross-section (horizontal) on 2D map

34

1. 2D map. Cross section

2. See the Cross-Section 1 on 2D map

34

Cross-section (vertical section straight line)

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

35

Cross-section. Vertical Cross-Section

Add Cross-Section in the dropdown menu
Make 2 mouse clicks on the map the plane will be created
Hold right mouse button (and move yellow sphere) to move the section plane
Or enter section block coordinates in meters
Apply. Ok Cross-section 2 is made
2D map. Cross section 2
One can also make Fence (through point selection, one well or several wells)

35

Switch from well on map to well graphs

36

Double click on block with well connection switch to well graphs (Rates)
Oil rate (red) and
water rate (blue)

Double click
on well

36

Well graphs Synchronization

37

Auto Sync synchronization of well graphs in different windows

If well is selected in one window the graph for this well will be selected in another window
automatically

Oil rate. Well PROD_0_1

Bulk pressure. Well

PROD_0_1

37

Graphs in tNavigator
Objects (connections, wells, groups, reservoir, FIP regions)

38
Time Step

Table

Parameters (tick parameters)

Press Reset to disable all

parameters

38

Graphs. Export to Excel

39

1. Click upper left corner to select a table (or Ctrl+A (select all), Ctrl+C (copy), Ctrl+V (paste))
OR
2. Press Export (green arrow) to save the table. Specify extension .xls to save Excel-file

Press to select all table

Export

39

Graphs list

40

Rates (oil, water, gas, etc.);

Total (oil, water, gas, etc.);
Resources (current and original oil in place, water, gas, )
Analytics (water cut, gas-oil ratio, water-oil ratio);
Pressure (BHP, bulk pressure, )
Flow Between FIPs;
Run Statistics (number of iterations, total calculation time);
Crossplots (dependence between parameters);
Hist vs Calc (historical and calculation data for wells);
Well Profile (parameter values for well connections);
Well Section
User Arithmetic (user graphs);
Block Info (parameter values in blocks: pressure, saturation, etc.);
Profile Info (graphs for Profile (vertical section));
Pressure/Temperature Slices (for thermal models);
Unified Adaptation Results (historical and calculation data table for wells);
Comparison of Results (if 2 or more models results are loaded to the model);
Aquifer graphs;
User Selection (graphs, selected by user).

40

Graph types

41

Objects

1. Object one of the following: connection, well, group of wells, region,

reservoir. Graphs of various parameters as time function (interval
number) can be built simultaneously for selected object (one!).
Parameters

2. Parameter one (!) parameter of the following: accumulative rates,

rates, injection, pressure, well productivity, group productivity, regions
crossflows. Graph of values for any number of wells and selected
perforated intervals as time function (time step number) can be built for
this parameter.

Switch graphs type

3. Step. Any number of parameters for any number of objects can be

calculated for any time step. Place time slider to concerned interval to
select time point.

41

Object graph type

42

Object one of the following: connection, well, group of wells, region, reservoir. Graphs of
various parameters as time function can be built simultaneously for selected object (one!).

Switch well status:

historical\calculated

Injector
Producer
Shut
Stop
Injector (previously - producer)

42

Parameter graph type

43

Parameter one (!) parameter of the following: accumulative rates, rates, injection, pressure,
well productivity, group productivity. Graph of values for any number of wells and selected
perforated intervals as time function (time step number) can be built for this parameter.

Parameter graph types: Separate (graphs for all objects in the window), Sum (sum of the parameter for all selected
objects), Average (average of the parameter for all selected objects), Active Average (well is active at the time step
if it works on current time step)

43

Step graph type

44

Step. Any number of parameters for any number of objects can be calculated for any time step.
Move time slider to obtain data for the time step you need.

44

User Selection

45

1. Right mouse click on graph name, Add to User Selection. Only graphs that user selects
2. Go to User Selection to see graphs

User Selection contains graph Oil Rate

45

Well filter

46

When you use Well filter (on the right panel): only wells from filter will be visualized on all maps
and graphs

Use Well filter

Well filter is active

Tick wells

Select well
groups
All reservoir wells

Deselect all: No wells will be

visualized

Wells with filter

46

tNavigator History Matching Tools

HM tables
and graphs

Properties
Editing

Unified History
Matching Results

See the course 4-1

HowToEditRelPermMULT

Graphs, Plots:
Historical vs
Calculation values

Move RP points in
GUI, Convert RP to
Corey correlation and
change SWL, SWCR,
KRORW values, etc.

Bubble Maps:
residuals

47

Assisted
History
Matching
See the course 8-1
HowToUseHistoryMatching

Tornado, Latin
Hybercube, Grid Search,
Differential Evolution,
Simplex-method

Edit MULTX, MULTY,

MULTZ maps
Create any new map

47

Unified History Matching Table

48

1. Open and calculate BRUGGE_var/BRUGGE_var_1.DATA

2. Graphs. Unified History Matching Results
3. Historical and calculated values of parameters for wells: Oil total, Water total, Gas Total,
Liquid Total, Rates, water cut, water injection etc.
4. Data is updated at each time step. At the end of the calculation move time slider to the desired
step and analyze the HM table at this step.
Relative Residual = |Hist. Calc.| *100%
Hist.

Well list

Absolute Residual = Hist. Calc.

48

Sorting History Matching table

49

HM table data can be sorted by ascending or descending parameter values.

Left-click to header of column that should be sorted
Sort Descending historical value
of the Oil Total

Sort Ascending relative residual

Oil Total

49

Graphs:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

50

Graphs. Totals (Rates, etc)

Groups (Field, Wells, etc)
Tick Oil total, Oil Total (H), Water Total, Water Total (H), Liquid Total, Liquid Total (H)
(H) means historical value
Compare historical and calculated values for wells, field on graphs and tables

50

Graph: historical and calculated values

1.
2.
3.
4.

51

Graphs. Hist vs Calc (BRUGGE_var/BRUGGE_var_1.DATA)

X-axis calculated value, Y-axis historical value
Green bisector line calculated value of parameter is equal to historical for the wells on this line
Tolerance Red lines 10% deviation from the bisector (for well deviation between calculated
and historical value is valid)

Calculated and historical oil total for wells

dont match (residual in more than 10%)
Red wells in the table and graph

Calculated oil rate is equal to historical oil

rate at this time step (between red lines)
Green wells in the table and graph.
To see Green wells tick off Hide Matched

51

Graph: historical and calculated values

52

1. Tolerance can be changed for high rate wells and middle rate wells independently (5%
for high rates and 10% for middle rates on the picture)
2. Square wells with middle rate
3. Around square wells with high rate
4. Tick Hide Low Rate Ones (Low Rate wells list depend on user specified Min. Rate)

52

Residual Bubble Maps

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

53

2D Map. Avg (or SUm)

Tick Bubble Maps. Residual Map
Select parameter (Oil Total on the picture)
Near the circle there are values of Oil total residual
Move time slider to see residuals on each time step
Red color of circle (hist value > cacl), blue color (hist value < calc)

Tick off Relative residuals to see Absolute

residuals bubble maps

53

Historical vs Calculated Bubble Maps

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

54

Bubble Maps. Custom

Bubble Map1: Oil Rate, Oil Rate, Type Hystorical + Calculated
Bubble Map2: None, None
Red color (calculated oil rate), blue color (historical oil rate)
See the wells with big difference between historical and calculated data

54

Thank you for attention!

55