Agriculture
AGRICULTURE
GENERAL OBJECTIVES
The aim of the Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination syllabus in Agriculture is to prepare the
candidates for the Boards examination. It is designed to test their achievement of the course objectives,
which are to:
1.
2.
3.
4.
stimulate and sustain their interest in Agriculture;
acquire basic knowledge and practical skills in Agriculture;
acquire the knowledge of interpretation and the use of data;
stimulate their ability to make deductions using the acquired knowledge in Agriculture
The syllabus is divided into five sections as given below:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
General Agriculture
Agronomy
Animal Production
Agricultural Economics and Extension
Agricultural Technology
DETAILED SYLLABUS
SECTION A: General Agriculture
TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
1.
2.
OBJECTIVES
Meaning and Scope of Agriculture
Candidates should be able to:
a.
Definition of Agriculture
use the definition of Agriculture in modern terms as
it relates to production, processing and marketing.
b.
Branches of Agriculture
differentiate between the various branches of
Agriculture.
c.
Types of Agriculture i.e subsistence and
commercial
Differentiate
Agriculture
Importance of Agriculture
i. Provision of raw materials for agroallied industries
ii. Provision of employment
iii. Development of rural areas, etc
between
the
various
types
of
Candidates should be able to:
relate agro-allied industries to their respective raw
materials
relate the various contributions of Agriculture to
economic development in West Africa.
3.
Agricultural Ecology
Candidates should be able to:
a.
Ecological zones of West Africa
differentiate between the features of the ecological
zones in West Africa.
b.
Agricultural products of each ecological
classify agricultural products according to each
Agriculture
TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
c.
4.
OBJECTIVES
zone
ecological zone.
Environmental factors and their effects
on crop and livestock production
differentiate abiotic from biotic factors affecting
agricultural production.
Genetics
Candidates should be able to:
a.
First and second laws of Mendel
apply the first and second laws of Mendel to
genetics.
b.
Cell division
differentiate between the types of cell division.
c.
Terminologies e.g
genotype, dominance
locus,
alleles,
i.
determine the outcome of genetic crossing
involving homozygous and heterozygous
traits.
compute simple probability ratios.
ii.
5.
6.
Farm Inputs
Candidates should be able to:
e.g. planting materials, agrochemicals, e.t.c.
classify different types of farm inputs and their uses.
History of Agricultural Development in
West Africa
Candidates should be able to:
a.
Agricultural systems e.g. shifting
cultivation, bush fallowing e.t.c
compare various agricultural systems.
b.
Problems of Agricultural development
e.g land tenure systems, inadequate
infrastructures, finance for agriculture,
pollution etc.
identify the problems and proffer solutions
c.
Establishment of national research
institutes e.g. NCRI, IAR, IAR&T,
CRIN, NIFOR, FRIN, RRI, NRCRI,
NIHORT, LCRI, e.t.c. and international
research institutes e.g. IITA, ILRI,
ICRISAT, WARDA e.t.c., leading to
increased application of science to the
development of agriculture.
i.
trace the history of research institutes from past
to present.
ii.
assess their role in the development of
agriculture.
d.
Agricultural Development Projects
(ADPs) e.g. RTEP, FADAMA etc.
give reasons for the establishment of ADPs.
e.
National agricultural programmes such
as OFN, NAFPP, NALDA, Green
Revolution, NCRPs, NARP, Project
Coordinating Unit (PCU) e.t.c
evaluate the contributions of national agricultural
programmes.
Agriculture
TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
7.
OBJECTIVES
Roles of Government and NGOs in
Agricultural Development
Candidates should be able to:
a.
Development
of
fiscal
policies
favourable to agricultural production
e.g. import duties, ban on importation,
e.t.c.
evaluate the effects of government policies on
agricultural development.
b.
Agricultural laws and reforms e.g Land
Use Act.
identify agricultural laws and their effect on
agricultural production
c.
Government programmes aimed at
agricultural development e.g. subsidies,
credit facilities, e.t.c.
i.
identify the various agricultural incentives
provided by the government.
ii.
assess their effects on agricultural development.
d.
Provision of infrastructures e.g.
transport systems, communication
systems, e.t.c.
compare the various infrastructural
provided by government and their uses.
e.
Contribution of NGOs to agricultural
development
examine the roles of NGOs in the development of
agriculture.
SECTION B:
TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
1.
facilities
Agronomy
OBJECTIVES
Rocks and Soil formation
Candidates should be able to:
a.
Factors affecting rock weathering and
soil formation
identify major types and properties of rocks and
soils; factors and processes of soil formation.
b.
Physical properties of soil
differentiate between the horizons in a soil profile.
i. Soil profile
ii. Soil texture and structure
c.
2.
Chemical properties of soil
i. Soil acidity and alkalinity
ii. Chemical component of soil e.g
silicate
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
differentiate between the components of soil.
compute the proportion of soil constituents.
analyse soil into its constituents parts.
determine the water-holding capacity of soil.
determine the soil pH.
Soil Water and Soil Conservation
Candidates should be able to:
a.
i.
Soil water: its importance, sources,
movement,
management
and
conservation.
ii.
compare capillary, gravitational and hygroscopic
water.
determine water-holding capacity, wilting points
and plant available/unavailable water.
Agriculture
TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
3.
4.
OBJECTIVES
b.
Soil conservation: meaning and
importance,
causes,
effects,
prevention and control of leaching,
erosion,
continuous
cropping,
burning and oxidation of organic
matter.
i.
ii.
identify the causes of erosion and leaching.
determine control methods.
c.
Irrigation and drainage methods
i.
ii.
classify irrigation and drainage systems.
examine the importance and challenges of
irrigation and drainage.
Soil Fertility
Candidates should be able to:
a.
Macro and micro-nutrients and their
roles in plant nutrition: carbon, water
and nitrogen cycles
i.
ii.
b.
The living population of the soil
(flora and fauna), and their roles in
soil fertility
examine the roles of soil flora and fauna in
maintaining soil fertility.
c.
Maintenance
of soil
fertility:
Methods of maintaining soil fertility
e.g. use of cover crops, application of
organic manures, e.t.c.
i.
d.
Nutrient deficiency symptoms e.g.
chlorosis, sickle leaves, stunting,
apical necrosis e.t.c.
i.
compare the different methods of maintaining
soil fertility.
ii. differentiate between organic and inorganic
fertilizer, and their methods of application.
iii. determine common fertilizer ratios.
identify the deficiency symptoms and their
causes.
ii. suggest remedies.
Land Preparation and Soil Tillage
Candidates should be able to:
a.
i.
Principles and practices of land
preparation and soil tillage
ii.
b.
5.
classify plant nutrients.
identify factors affecting their availability.
Factors affecting choice of tillage
methods: Zero tillage, minimum
tillage, e.t.c.
compare the different methods of land
preparation and soil tillage in relation to
different groups of crops.
give reasons for the advantages and the
disadvantages of land preparation and soil
tillage.
give reasons for the choice of tillage methods.
Plant Forms and functions
Candidates should be able to:
a.
Parts of monocot and dicot crop
plants and their functions
i. identify crop plant parts and their functions.
ii. distinguish between monocot and dicot crop
plants
b.
The anatomy and morphology of the
storage organs of common crop
plants
differentiate the various storage organs of crop plants
Agriculture
TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
6.
7.
Growth,
Development
Reproduction
OBJECTIVES
and
Candidates should be able to:
a.
Gametogenesis
examine the process of gamete formation.
b.
Pollination
give reasons for different types of pollination.
c.
Fertilization
analyse the process of fertilization.
d.
Embryo formation and development
trace the process of embryo formation and
development to the formation of seeds and fruits.
Plant Propagation Methods
Candidates should be able to:
a.
Sexual: the use of seeds, seed
viability, viability test, seed rate and
seed germination
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
b.
Asexual (vegetative propagation) e.g.
cutting, budding, grafting, layering,
e.t.c.
classify crops into different vegetative propagation
methods.
c.
Nursery and nursery management
i.
ii.
8.
Cropping Systems, Planting Patterns
and Plant Densities
Cropping systems: Monocropping, i.
mixed-, multiple-, inter-, relay-, strip- ii.
and rotational cropping
b.
Planting patterns:
Broadcasting, row
drilling
compare cropping systems.
apply different cropping systems to solve
problems in agriculture.
differentiate between the various planting patterns.
spacing
and
Plant densities: single, double and
multiple stands
i.
ii.
9.
determine appropriate nursery sites, types; their
advantages and disadvantages.
apply the techniques of transplanting seedlings
Candidates should be able to:
a.
c.
classify crops propagated by sexual methods.
determine seed viability and seed rate.
differentiate between types of seed germination.
examine the conditions for seed germination.
examine the various types of plant densities and
their effects on crop yield.
compute plant density per hectare.
Crop Husbandry
Candidates should be able to:
Common and scientific names, gross
morphology, anatomy of storage organs,
methods of propagation, husbandry
practices, harvesting, processing and
storage, common diseases and pests,
economic importance of the following
groups of crops.
i.
apply the different methods of crop propagation,
husbandry, harvesting, processing and storage
for each crop.
ii.
identify common diseases and pests and their
effects on crop yield.
Group 1: Cereals e.g maize, guinea corn,
iii. determine the economic importance of each of
the crops.
Agriculture
TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
OBJECTIVES
rice
Group
2: Legumes e.g
groundnut, soyabean
cowpea,
iv. relate their importance to national economic
development.
Group 3: Tubers e.g yam, cassava, sweet
potatoes
Group 4: Vegetables and Spices e.g
tomatoes, egg plant, pepper,
onion,
okro,
cabbage,
amaranthus sp.
Group 5: Fruits e.g citrus, pineapple,
pawpaw
Group 6:
Beverages e.g cocoa, kola,
coffee
Group 7: Oils e.g oil palm, coconut,
shearbutter
Group 8:
Latex e.g para rubber, gum
arabic
Group 9:
Fibres e.g jute, cotton, sisal
hemp
Group 10: Sugars e.g sugarcane, beet
10.
11.
Pasture and Forage Crops
Candidates should be able to:
a.
Study of gross morphology, methods
of propagation and husbandry of
common
pasture
grasses
and
legumes.
Establishment,
maintenance, conservation and uses
of pastures and forage crops.
i.
b.
Study of natural grasslands and their
distribution in West Africa
relate different vegetational zones to their dominant
pasture species.
c.
Range management
determine range types and utilization of range
resources in Nigeria
classify common grasses and legumes used as
pastures and forage
differentiate between pasture and forage crops
by their common and scientific names.
distinguish between the various methods of
conserving pastures e.g. hay- and silagemaking.
ii.
iii.
Floriculture
Candidates should be able to:
Identification, establishment, maintenance
and uses of ornamental trees, shrubs and
flowers
i.
distinguish between common ornamental trees,
shrubs and flowers.
determine their uses and maintenance.
ii.
Agriculture
TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
12.
13.
Weeds
15.
Candidates should be able to:
a.
Gross morphology, methods of i.
reproduction, dispersal and effect of
weeds
ii.
identify weeds with their common and
scientific names.
classify weeds according to their mode of
dispersal.
b.
Weed control methods weeding,
mulching, cover cropping, tillage,
herbicides and trap cropping
apply various weed control methods.
Crop Diseases
Candidates should be able to:
a.
Identification of diseasecausing
organisms both in store and in the
field.
distinguish between common store and field disease
causing organisms.
b.
A simple account of diseases caused
by fungi, bacteria, nematodes and
viruses; the nature of the damage,
methods
of transmission
and
common methods of control.
i.
Side effects of application of
preventive and control methods e.g
pollution, poisoning and distribution
of ecosystem.
relate each control method to its side effect.
c.
14.
OBJECTIVES
relate various disease-causing organisms to the
damage caused, symptoms and their mode of
spread.
apply appropriate control methods.
ii.
Crop pests
Candidates should be able to:
a.
General account of pests of
agricultural plants both in the field
and in the store, their types,
importance, principles and methods
of prevention and control
i.
ii.
iii.
identify the various field and store pests.
assess their economic importance.
relate various prevention and control methods
to different pests.
b.
Life cycles of: biting insects e.g.
grasshopper; boring insects e.g.
weevils; sucking insects e.g. aphids
and cotton strainer.
i.
ii.
describe the life cycles of various insects.
apply the knowledge of the life cycles of insect
pests to their prevention and control.
c.
Common pesticides and their side
effects
i.
ii.
differentiate between common pesticides.
examine their mode of action on pests.
Forest management (Silviculture)
Candidates should be able to:
a. Importance: Source of wood, pulp,
fibre and other forest products
relate various forest products to their uses.
b. Conservation: regulation, exploitation,
regeneration,
afforestation,
agro-forestry and taungya system
i.
ii.
compare different forest conservation methods.
apply the various methods appropriately.
Agriculture
TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
16.
OBJECTIVES
Crop improvement
Candidates should be able to:
Methods of crop improvement e.g.
introduction,
selection,
crossing,
quarantine e.t.c.
i.
ii.
give reasons for crop improvement.
distinguish between various methods of crop
improvement.
SECTION C: Animal Production
TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
1.
2.
3.
4.
OBJECTIVES
Forms and classification of major farm
animals in West Africa
Candidates should be able to:
a.
Species, breeds and distribution
i.
ii.
b.
External features of cattle, sheep,
goat, pigs, rabbits and poultry
identify their characteristic features.
General
terminology
production
in
animal
classify various breeds of farm animals.
locate where they are found.
Candidates should be able to:
Common terms used in animal husbandry,
e.g. calving, kidding, castrate, capon,
veal, mutton, e.t.c.
use various terms in animal husbandry.
Anatomy
animals
Candidates should be able to:
and
physiology
of
farm
a.
Functions of tissues and organs of
farm animals
distinguish between various functions of tissues and
organs of farm animals.
b.
Animal body systems e.g. digestive
(ruminants
and
non-ruminants),
reproductive, respiratory, urinary
(excretory) and nervous systems.
compare different body systems in farm animals.
c.
Effect of environmental changes on
physiological development of farm
animals e.g climate change
determine the effects of climate change on farm
animals
Reproduction in farm animals
Candidates should be able to:
a.
i.
Gametogenesis, oestrus cycle, signs
of heat and heat periods, secondary
sexual characters, gestation periods,
parturition and the role of hormones
in reproduction.
give an account of the process of reproduction
in farm animals.
determine the role of hormones in
reproduction.
ii.
Agriculture
TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
b.
c.
5.
7.
Development, nourishment and birth
of the young. Mammary glands and
lactation in farm animals.
Egg formation, incubation
hatching in poultry.
trace the development in farm animals from
fertilization to birth and care of the young.
and
trace the process of egg formation and incubation in
poultry.
Animal nutrition
Candidates should be able to:
a.
Feed nutrients and functions
identify the various feed nutrients, their sources and
functions.
b.
Feeds and feeding: Simple ration
formulation balanced ration,
common pasture/forage crops e.g.
guinea grass, elephant grass, giant
star
grass.
Andropogon
sp,
Calopogonium sp. Hay and silage
preparation, different types of rations,
namely maintenance ration and
production ration.
i.
Nutrient deficiencies: Causes and
symptoms of malnutrition and their
correction in farm animals.
i.
c.
6.
OBJECTIVES
differentiate between the types of animal feeds
and their formulation.
relate the various types of rations to different
classes of livestock.
ii.
trace symptoms to nutrient deficiencies in farm
animals.
apply appropriate corrective measures to
nutrient deficiencies in farm animals.
ii.
Livestock management
Candidates should be able to:
Housing,
feeding,
sanitation
and
veterinary care of ruminants, pigs, rabbits
and poultry under intensive, semiintensive and extensive systems of
management from birth to slaughter.
apply the different management practices for farm
animals.
Animal Health
Candidates should be able to:
a.
Animal diseases (pathology)
i. Environmental
factors
predisposing animals to diseases;
causal organisms, symptoms,
transmission and effects.
ii. Preventive and curative methods
for diseases caused by viruses,
bacteria, fungi and protozoa.
i.
Parasites (parasitology)
i. Life cycles and economic
importance of livestock parasites
e.g. endoparasites, ectoparasites
and disease vectors.
i.
ii.
iii.
b.
identify
diseases of farm animals and
causative agents.
classify livestock diseases based on symptoms
and mode of transmission.
apply appropriate preventive and curative
measures against diseases caused by these
pathogens.
ii.
iii.
classify livestock parasites.
determine their role in disease transmission.
trace life cycles of parasites from egg to adult
stage.
Agriculture
TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
ii.
8.
Prevention and control
- dipping
- spraying
- deworming
- sanitation
Fisheries and Wildlife
a.
OBJECTIVES
apply appropriate prevention and control methods
against livestock parasites.
Candidates should be able to:
Fish culture systems; Common types
of fishes e. g Tilapia, Catfish, etc.
i.
identify the common types of fishes in West
Africa.
i.
Extensive systems: inland and
deep sea fishing, lakes and rivers.
ii.
differentiate between various systems of fish
farming in West Africa.
ii.
Semi-intensive systems: dams
iii.
determine the factors to be considered in
intensive fish farming.
Fish harvesting and processing
methods
i.
i.
ii.
assess the advantages and disadvantages of
different fish harvesting and processing
methods.
use the various methods of catching fish.
iii.
apply the various methods of fish preservation.
iii. Intensive systems: fish ponds
Factors to consider in ponds
establishment
and
pond
management
e.g.
pond
fertilization, liming and desilting.
b.
ii.
Use of drag nets, hook and line,
etc.
Curing, sun-drying and smoking.
apply fishery regulations in Nigeria.
c.
9.
iii. Fishery regulations
i.
Wildlife management
ii.
Habitat
conservation,
feeding,
domestication,
harvesting,
processing and wildlife regulations.
iii.
identify animals found in West African game
reserves.
give reasons for the establishment of game
reserves.
apply common wildlife regulations.
Bee-keeping (Apiculture)
a. Meaning and importance of apiculture
Candidates should be able to:
relate bee-keeping to economic development
b.
Types of bees e.g exotic and indigenous
bees
differentiate between various types of bees
c.
Methods of bee-keeping e.g traditional
and modern bee-keeping
classify methods of bee-keeping
d.
Equipment and safety measures in beekeeping
identify bee-keeping equipment and their uses
10
Agriculture
TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
10.
OBJECTIVES
Animal Improvement
Candidates should be able to:
Methods of animals improvement e. g.
introduction, breeding, quarantine and
selection: Breeding systems inbreeding,
line-breeding, cross-breeding, artificial
insemination
i.
ii.
give reasons for animal improvement.
differentiate between the various methods of
animal improvement.
SECTION D: Agriculture Economics and Extension
TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
1.
OBJECTIVES
Factors of agricultural production
Candidates should be able to:
a.
i.
Land
i. Types of land ownership in West
Africa
understand the meaning of land and state its
uses
identify the various forms of land ownership.
examine their effects of land ownership on
agriculture.
differentiate between the various features of
land and their effects on land use.
ii.
iii.
iv.
2.
b.
b.
Labour
differentiate between the types and sources of labour
and their effects on agricultural production.
c.
Capital
compare the sources of capital and associated
problems.
d.
Management
determine the function of a farm manager in an
agricultural enterprise.
Basic Economic Principles
Candidates should be able to:
a.
i.
relate demand to supply in agricultural
production.
ii.
interpret geographical representation of
demand and supply.
i.
relate input to output.
ii.
deduce economic concepts from graphic
representation.
Demand and supply
Production function:
Input/input, Output/output
Input/output relationships; stages of
production, concepts of diminishing
returns, scale of preference and choice.
11
Agriculture
TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
OBJECTIVES
Characteristic Features of Agricultural
Production
Candidates should be able to:
Smallness of farm holdings: biological
limits
of
farm
production
and
susceptibility of farm production to
climate, seasonality of farm productions,
price elasticity in demand and supply of
agricultural produce.
i.
Labour Management
Candidates should be able to:
a.
Labour relations: Supervision, etc.
identify the various ways of achieving labour
efficiency.
b.
Types of labour: Permanent labour etc.
differentiate between the various types and sources
of labour.
c.
National labour laws and regulations.
apply national labour laws and regulations.
Farm Management
Candidates should be able to:
a.
Qualities, functions and problems of farm
manager.
identify the qualities, functions and problems of a
farm manager.
b.
Records and record-keeping: Types and
importance of record-keeping livestock
records, profit and loss account book.
i.
differentiate between the types of farm records.
ii.
give reasons for keeping farm records.
Stock evaluation:
determine gross and net margins, appreciation,
depreciation and salvage value
3.
4.
5.
c.
distinguish between the common features of
agricultural production and produce.
compute elasticity of demand and supply.
ii.
i. gross and net profits in farm
management.
ii. Appreciation, depreciation and savage
value
d.
Agricultural insurance:
i. Meaning, importance and types of
agricultural insurance
i. examine the relevance of agricultural insurance
ii. determine the appropriate agricultural insurance
scheme
ii. Problems of agricultural insurance
determine the problems associated with agricultural
insurance.
Marketing of Agricultural Produce
Candidates should be able to:
a.
Importance of Marketing.
evaluate the importance of agricultural marketing
b.
Marketing channels.
i.
ii.
6.
classify marketing agents and their functions.
determine the various ways in which
marketing channels pose problems in
agricultural production.
12
Agriculture
TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
c.
OBJECTIVES
Characteristic features of agricultural
product affecting their marketing.
determine the characteristics of agricultural products
affecting their marketing.
Agricultural Extension
Candidates should be able to:
a.
Meaning and importance.
identify the importance of agricultural extension.
b.
The role of Agricultural Development
programmes, universities, research
institutes and farmers organizations
(Cooperative societies).
analyse the roles of government and nongovernmental organizations in agricultural extension
education.
c.
Extension methods including
demonstration plots, use of visual aids,
mass media, etc.
differentiate between the various extension methods.
d.
Problems of agricultural extension in
West Africa and possible solutions.
i.
7.
examine the problems of agricultural
extension in West Africa.
provide possible solutions.
ii.
SECTION E: Agricultural Technology
TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
1.
Farm surveying and farmstead
planning
OBJECTIVES
Candidates should be able to:
a.
Meaning and importance
examine the relevance of farm surveying to
agriculture.
b.
Common surveying equipment, their uses
and care
classify common surveying equipment, their uses
and care.
c.
Common survey methods
differentiate between the common survey methods.
d.
Principles of farmstead outlay.
apply survey principles to farmstead outlay.
2.
Simple farm tools
Candidates should be able to:
i.
identify simple farm tools.
ii.
use and maintain farm tools.
iii.
compare the advantages and disadvantages of
simple farm tools.
3.
Farm machinery and implements
Candidates should be able to:
Types
i.
identify common farm machinery and implements.
a.
ii.
Machinery e.g tractor, milking
machine etc
Implements
i.
classify farm machinery according to their
uses.
apply appropriate maintenance routines on
ii.
13
Agriculture
TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
b.
Uses and maintenance of farm machinery
and implements
OBJECTIVES
farm machines and implements.
operate farm machines and implements.
iii.
Mechanization and sources of farm
power
Candidates should be able to:
a.
Sources of farm power e. g. animal and
machines
compare the advantages and disadvantages of
various sources of farm power and their application.
b.
Advantages and disadvantages of
agricultural mechanization
4.
c.
5.
Problems and prospects of mechanized
agriculture in West Africa
Processing and storage
distinguish between the advantages and
disadvantages of mechanization.
assess the problems and prospects of mechanized
agriculture in West Africa.
Candidates should be able to:
a.
Processing: traditional and modern
methods of food processing e.g. gari, rice
and groundnut processing, etc.
i. identify the importance of agricultural
processing.
ii.differentiate between the various methods of
processing agricultural produce.
b.
Storage
i. compare different storage methods.
ii.apply different storage methods.
Introduction to biotechnology
Candidates should be able to:
Basic terms, e.g. tissue and anther culture
in vitro fertilization and genetic
engineering
i.
ii.
Application of ICT in agriculture
Candidates should be able to:
a.
Features of computers
identify the various components of a computer.
b.
Uses of computers in agriculture: disease
and
weather
forecasting,
ration
formulation, database and simulation
studies, etc.
6.
7.
c.
Use of communication gadgets e.g mobile
phone, internet, etc.
use basic terms in biotechnology.
provide reasons for the importance and
application of biotechnology.
use the computer to enhance agricultural practices.
use communication gadgets to enhance agricultural
production.
14
Agriculture
TOPICS/CONTENTS/NOTES
OBJECTIVES
Introduction to agricultural research
and statistics
Candidates should be able to:
a.
Basic concepts in planning agricultural
experiments e.g hypothesis, treatment and
control, etc
use basic concepts in agricultural experiments.
b.
Interpretation of results, e.g. measures of
central tendency and experimental errors.
8.
i.
ii.
draw inferences from experimental results.
compute simple measures of central tendency.
15
Agriculture
RECOMMENDED TEXTS
Adeniyi, M. O. et al (1999) Countdown to Senior Secondary Certificate Examination Agricultural Science, Ibadan:
Evans
Akinsanmi, A. O. (2000) Junior Secondary Agricultural Science, Uk: Longman.
Akinsanmi, O. A. (2000) Senior Secondary Agricultural Science, Uk: Longman.
Anthonio, Q. B. O. (1999) General Agriculture for West Africa, London: George Allen
Are, L. A. et al (2010) Comprehensive Certificate Agricultural Science for Senior Secondary School, University
Press Plc.
Egbuna, C. K. et al (2014) Extension Modern Agricultural Science for Senior Secondary Schools (2010), Extension
Publication
Emmanuel C. A. (2003) A Dictionary of Agriculture, Benue: Agitab Publisher Makurdi
Falusi, A. O. and Adeleye, I. O. A (2000) Agricultural Science for Junior Secondary Schools Books 1- 3, Ibadan:
Onibonoje
Komolafe, M. F., Adegbola, A. A., Are, L. A. and Ashaye, T. I. (2004) Agricultural Science for Senior Secondary
Schools 1, 2 and 3, Ibadan: University Press Ltd.
Philips T. A. (1986) Agricultural Notebook, Lagos: Longman
STAN (1999) Agricultural Science for Senior Secondary Schools, Lagos: Longman
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