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Caliper & Temperature Logging

This document provides an overview of a course on caliper and temperature logging. The learning outcomes are to understand borehole environmental variables like rugosity and temperature, and how they impact caliper and temperature logging tools. It recommends readings on wireline log measurements and the measurement environment. It discusses borehole environmental variables that are required for correcting log readings, and how caliper, temperature, and delta density logs are used to assess the borehole environment and data quality. Issues in log interpretation involving environmental corrections are also covered. The document concludes with some review questions.

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217 views23 pages

Caliper & Temperature Logging

This document provides an overview of a course on caliper and temperature logging. The learning outcomes are to understand borehole environmental variables like rugosity and temperature, and how they impact caliper and temperature logging tools. It recommends readings on wireline log measurements and the measurement environment. It discusses borehole environmental variables that are required for correcting log readings, and how caliper, temperature, and delta density logs are used to assess the borehole environment and data quality. Issues in log interpretation involving environmental corrections are also covered. The document concludes with some review questions.

Uploaded by

sdb158
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Basic Well Logging WLOG210B

Semester 1, 2008/9
Caliper and Temperature Logging
Neal Alleyne
[email protected]

Basic Well-Logging Interpretation


Sequence

Learning Outcomes
1. To understand the importance of borehole
environmental variable, especially borehole
rugosity and temperature.
2. To understand the principles of operation of
caliper logging tools and temperature
recording devices.
3. To get an appreciation for the sensitivities of
pad and mandrel tools to variations of borehole
caliper and temperature along the borehole.
4. To study the types of logs used to perform
quality control of well logging measurements

Recommended Reading
Chapter 2, Wireline Log Measurements
and Supportive Information, pp.43-57
Introduction to Wireline Log Analysis,
Baker Hughes Inc. (2002).
Chapter 4, Measurement Environment
pp 60 91 in Theory, Measurement, and
Interpretation of Well Logs by Zaki
Bassiouni, SPE Textbook Series Vol. 4
(1994).

Borehole Environmental Variables


(Required for correcting log readings)

Physical and Chemical Properties of the


Drilling Mud.
Mudcake and Mud-Filtrate.
Mud-Filtrate Invasion.
Borehole Rugosity.
Borehole Temperature
Borehole Pressure

Assessment of Borehole Environmental


Variables and Log Data Quality
Caliper and Differential Caliper Logs
Temperature Log
Cable Tension and Cable Speed Logs
Delta Density Log

Swelling clays give rise to


under-gauge hole.
Mudcake build-up is a
qualitative indication of
permeable zones.

Borehole shape can be an indication


of the directions of in-situ stresses.
This is useful information in planning
fracture treatments

All logs are affected by


temperature, hence
temperature is important for
environmental corrections

The temperature gradient is


typically established with the
surface and bottom hole
temperatures

Some Issues in Well Log


Interpretation
Do not interpret well logs until you are certain that the
logs are measuring true rock formation properties
Environmental corrections of logs are necessary due to
caliper, temperature, and mud-property variations along
the wellbore.
Ensure that caliper and temperature environmental
corrections have been applied prior to interpreting the
logs
Significant borehole rugosity and adverse logging tool
behaviour often occur across shale sections. This might
be of little concern in the petrophysical interpretation of
pay zones.

Some Review Questions


1.

What is the difference between caliper and differential caliper?

2.

Why in general are pad tools more sensitive to differential caliper


than to caliper variations?

3.

Why do mandrel tool readings need to be corrected for caliper?

4.

In what situations would the caliper reading be smaller than the bit
size?
Give examples of tool measurements that could be affected by
variations in temperature along the wellbore?

5.
6.
7.

Why are caliper measurements important to the completions


engineer?
In which situations would you recommend the use of three-arm
caliper logs?

Acknowledgements:
Dr. Carlos Torres-Verdin, UT at Austin
Schlumberger
Baker Atlas

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