SUMMARY OF FOREIGN ARCHITECTS PHILOSOPHIES AND FAMOUS WORKS
ARCHITECT
FAMOUS WORK AND THER DATA
PHILOSOPHY/DICTUM
ALVAR, AALTO
-Sanatorio di Paimo, Finland
Architecture must create
Hugo Alvar Henrik Aalto
buildings, which are conceived as
Finnish
a total artistic expression. His
buildings has always a touch of
emotion beyond sentimentality
and human beyond whimsy.
BEHRENS, PETER
-Turbinenfabrik, Germany
When a time comes for a
German
change, the outsider is needed
-modernist movement
because it has preserved the
-apprentices (Ludwig Mies van der
freshness of vision required to see
Rohe, Le Corbusier and Walter
what changes are necessary,
Gropius)
whereas the specialist may prove
-influenced worked of Gropius and
to be too inflexible
Mies van der Rohe
BREUER, MARCEL
Father of Furniture Architecture
Nature and Architecture are two
LAJOS
different things. Architecture is a
Hungarian
- Wassily Chair
Social Art
CANDELA, FELIX
Spanish-Mexican
FULLER,
BUCKMINSTER
American
COATES, WELLS
Canadian
GAUDI, ANTONIO
Spanish
- Casa Batll
GILBERT, CASS
American
-Los Manantiales, Mexico
- development thin shell made out of
reinforced concrete
-famous for thin-shell structures
-geodesic dome, carbon molecules
known as fullerenes
-invented the Geodesic Dome
- The Isokon Building
-Father of Fantastic Architecture
-He love to use hyperboloids and
paraboloids because he asserted that
the straight line belongs to man and
the curved line belongs to God
-Sagrada Familia (1882-present
Simplicity and functionality is
essence in design
Function has today an increasing
variety of forms to choose from
When you limit architecture to
aesthetic experiment, youre
making technology an end instead
of means
-He followed Beaux - Arts mode
which refers to historical and ecletic
design on a monumental device
- Woolworth Building
GROPIUS, WALTER
German
-founder of Bauhaus School
-Functionalism
-Assemble The Architect Collaborate
(TAC)
HORTA, VICTOR
Belgian
-his career reflects the movement of
art nouveau
-Htel Tassel, Brussels
- Maison Autrique
Art and Architecture/Technology,
the New Unity
Architecture begins where
engineering ends
-invented the term International Style You can not know history
- AT&T Building (1984)
Architecture is the art of how to
The Crystal Cathedral 2007.
waste space
American
-works were influenced by Mies Van
st
1 Pritzker Prize (1979) Der Rohe
GAY
KHAN, LOUIS
-what the building wanted to be
Architecture is reaching out for
American
the truth
- Salk Institute
A house is a house
Man lives to express
The artist is only a vehicle for
what always been
Mans first sense must have been
beauty, a sense of total harmony
JOHNSON, PHILIP
Philip Cortelyou
Johnson
KORUKAWA, KUSHO - one of the founders of the
Metabolist movement
Japanese
-The Nakagin Capsule Tower
Architecture should have the
element of growth and change
LATROBE,
BENJAMIN
British-American
-British neoclassical architect
- Bank of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
A building is the combination of
different geometric figures
LE CORBUSIER
Charles-douard
Jeanneret
-one of the pioneers of modern
architecture
-Modular System (Divine
Proportion), a grid base on the
stature of man, 89 in length and 112
cu. In. of space are standard of a 6
foot man
-Cubism
The house is a machine to live in
Five points of architecture:
-Ornament is a crime
Published Ornament and Verbrechen
-against art nouveau or fanciful
designs, anti-ornamentalist.
-believer of Engineering and
Plumbing
Suppy and demand regulate
architecture form
Swiss, French
- Villa Savoye
-Unite d Habitacion,
France
LOOS, ADOLF
Austrian and
Czechoslovak
- Looshaus in
Michaelerplatz, Vienna.
MACKINTOSH,
CHARLES
RENNIE
Scottish
- Glasgow School of
Art
Pilotis
Roof Gardens
Free facade
Free plan
Horizontal windows
-principal exponent of Bristish Art
Nouveau
-believed in the absence of external
decoration and subtlety of proportion
in structures
A bridge is like a hous. Each
bridge and each house is a
special case; each must be
constructed and shaped
according to the environment with
which it must cope and function it
is to have.
MAILLART, ROBERT
Swiss civil engineer
-revolutionized structural reinforced
concrete
-developed Concrete Mushroom
Construction
MENDELSON, ERICH
-Fluid Mass Theory means plasticity Architecture seizes upon space,
of concrete
encompasses space, and is
-known for his expressionist structure space itself
Architecture depends on the
sensous seizure by means of
touch and sight
Jewish-German
- Einstein Tower
LUDWIG, MIES VAN
DER ROHE
German-American
-last director of Berlins Bauhaus
-Rejects Form Follows Function
Less is more
Architecture is the will of an
epoch translated into space
- Barcelona Pavilion
-Farnsworth House
-Seagram Building
Structural correctness, which is
identical with functional, technical
and economic is a necessary and
sufficient condition of satisfactory
NERVI, PIER LUIGI
Italian
Structural engineer
NIEMEYER, OSCAR
-Brazilian
Oscar Ribeiro de
Almeida Niemeyer
Soares Filho
-loved for curved lines
aesthetic result
-Ministry of Education and Health, Rio Form follows beauty
de Janeiro
Architecture is invention
-Cathedral of Braslia, hyperboloid
structure
I.M. PEI (IEOH MING
PEI
-often called Master of Modern
Architecture
-known for his controversial glass
pyramid in the courtyard at Louvre
Museum in Paris
-brother of architect Gustave Perret
Chinese-American
PERRET, AUGUSTE
French
- Notre Dame du Raincy, France
- Bank of China Tower,
Hong Kong
Truth is indispensable t
Architecture and architectural lie
concepts
RICHARDSON,
HENRY
HOBSON
American
-believes in monumentality because
- Trinity Church, Boston
this gave 3 things : Continuity,
- Richardsonian Romanesque
Permanence, and Power of a building
to embody a heroic attitude
RUDOLPH, PAUL
MARVIN
SAARINEN, EERO
-former dean of the Yale School of
Architecture
-son of Eliel Saarinen
-invented the reflective glass
- TWA Flight Center
-Gateway Arch in St. Louis
-father of Eero Saarinen
Finnish, American
SARAINEN, ELIEL
Function influence but does not
dictate form
Beauty grows from necessity not
from repetition of formulas
SKIDMORE, OWINGS,
AND
MERRIL (SOM)
Louis Skidmore
Nathaniel Owings
John O. Merrill
SULLIVAN, LOUIS
HENRY
American
-use of international style or glass
box skyscraper
-due to faithful following of Ludwig
Mies Van Der Rohe s ideas, Frank
Llyod Wright nicknamed them The
Three Blind Mies
-Father of Skyscrapers and Father of
Modernism (in US)
TANGE, KENZO
Pritzker Prize
-Tokyo Olympic arenas
-Fuji TV Headquarters
Modern Architecture need not be
Western
-founder of modern European
Architecture
Architecture must meet 3
requirements: Strength, Beauty,
Utility
Nothing that is not practical can
be beautiful
Our starting point for artistic
creation is to be found only in
Modern Life
VITRUVIUS
WAGNER, OTTO
KCLOMAN
Austro-Hungarian
-Karlsplatz Station
Form Follows Function
WALLACE,
CHRISTOPHER
KIRKMAN
WREN,
CHRISTOPHER
English (later British)
WRIGHT, FRANK
LLOYD
American
YAMASAKI, MINORU
American
- World Trade Center
-introduced Thermal Glass at UN
Secretariat Building
-famous for his Tylon and Perisphere
for the 1939 New Yorks Trade Fair
-rebuilding 52 churches in the City of
London after the Great Fire in 1666
-Organic Architecture
Fallingwater
Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum
Johnson Wax Headquarters
Taliesin
Taliesin West
Robie House
-Humanism
-master practitioner together with
architect Edward Durell
CESAR PELLI
Argentine United
States citizen
-Petronas Towers, Kuala Lumpur
DANIEL BURNHAM
Flatiron Building, NY
American
DANIEL LIBESKIND
-Polish-American
-Jewish Museum Berlin
-One World Trade Center (also known
as the Freedom Tower
FRANK GEHRY
- Guggenheim Museum Bilbao,
-Walt Disney Concert Hall, Gehry
-Residence, Louis Vuitton
- Jay Pritzker Pavilion, USA
- 1972 Munich Olympic Stadium
- Multihalle in Mannheim
- West Germany Pavilion
Canadian-born
American
Pritzker Prize 1989
FREI PAUL OTTO
German
- Pritzker Prize 2015
NORMAN FOSTER
British
Pritzker 1999
RENZO PIANO
Italian
Pritzker Architecture
Prize in 1998.
RICHARD MEIER
American
-'The Gherkin'
- The HSBC Building in Hong Kong.
-The Hearst Tower in New York City
Tjibao Cultural Center, New Caledonia
Kansai International Airport
The New York Times Building
Jubilee Church, Rome
Barcelona Museum of Contemporary Art
Getty Center.
REM KOOLHAAS
Pritzker Prize (2000)
CCTV China
ROBERT VENTURI
Vanna Venturi House
American
Less is only more where more is
no good
Form follows function- that has
been misunderstood. Form and
function should be one, joined in a
spiritual union
His concept of architecture is one
of serenity and delight
SANTIAGO
CALATRAVA
Spanish
TADAO ANDO
Japanese
World Trade Center PATH station
El Auditorio de Tenerife
Athens Olympic Sports Complex
Church of the Light, Osaka
Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth
Pritzker Prize, 1995
JACQUES HERZOG
AND PIERRE DE
MEURON, Swiss
Allianz Arena
M. H. de Young Museum
Beijing National Stadium
ZAHA HADID
Iraqi-British
Pritzker 2004
MAXXI, Bridge Pavilion, Maggie's
Centre, Contemporary Arts Center
PAULO MENDEZ DA
ROCHA, Brazilian
RICHARD ROGERS
Paulistino Athletic Club
British
JEAN NOUVEL
French
Pritzker Prize 2008
Lloyd's building in 1991
Pompidou Centre
Torre Aiges de Barcelona (Agbar),
Barcelona
Culture and Convention Center (2000)
in Lucerne
