ENGINEERING MECHANICS
(DJJ3053)
TITLE : WORK AND ENERGY
MEMBERS NAME:
1.
2.
3.
4.
STUDENT NAME
NANDAKUMAAR A/L K.NARENDRAN
OGISASFITRI BINTI YASMAN
SRI DARSHAN A/L R.SIVADAS
MANISHANKER A/L SUPRAMANIAM
MATRIX NUMBER
08DKM15F1335
08DKM15F1308
08DKM15F1306
08DKM15F1327
CLASS: DKM3C
LECTURERS NAME: PN ZETTY ROHAIZA BINTI MOHD SAHAK
DATE OF SUBMISSION: 7/10/2016
OBJECTIVE:
To find the work and energy of a system in the different loads.
APPARATUS:
Pulley
Set of weight balance
String
Incline
And sliding plane
Meter ruler
Stopwatch
SAFETY PRECAUTION
Handle the apparatus with care
Do not experiment without supervision lecturer
Make sure incline and sliding plane tight and adjust
Theory
The work done by a force on a moving body is defined as the product of the force and
the distance moved in the direction of the force.
Work also can be define as done by force, F acting on a particle moving along any
path is defined as the line integral from position P1 at time t1 to position P2 at time t2
s2
W=
F ds
s1
Work is a scalar
Work is act of force, F along the direction of s
Then W= Fs or W= Fs cos
Units are Joules (J) (1 joule = 1 Newton/meter)
The kinetic energy of an object is the energy that it possesses due to its motion. It is
defined as the work needed to accelerate a body of a given mass from rest to its stated
velocity. Having gained this energy during its acceleration, the body maintains this kinetic
energy unless its speed changes. The same
amount of work is done by the body in
decelerating from its current speed to a state of rest. The unit is Joule (J). It is scalar.
In formula form: KE =
1
2
2 m v
Relation Between Work And Kinetic Energy
U = KEj KE1
U= m ( v2 u2)
Where v = final velocity
U = initial velocity
Procedures:
1. Set up the apparatus and material as shown in figure below.
2. Set the distance (s) of first train to second train = _____m.
3. Put the hook with load, 3.1 N and record the time taken when the first
coach collides with the second coach.
4. Repeat the experiment with different load value.
5. The value that obtained is recorded
6. The data is than tabulated
Result:
Load (N)
Distance , s (m)
3.1
4.1
5.1
6.1
0.62
0.62
0.62
0.62
Angle (
0
0
0
0
Work, U=Fs cos
1.19
2.54
3.16
3.78
7.1
8.1
Loads
0.62
0.62
0
0
Time (s), time(s), Time(s) ,
1st trial
2nd trial average
4.40
5.02
Velocity=
distance
time( ave)
KE = mv2
= m/s2
(m/s)
3.1
1.32
1.1
1.21
0.51
0.04
4.1
0.93
0.93
0.93
0.67
0.09
5.1
0.68
0.78
0.73
0.85
0.18
6.1
0.63
0.61
0.69
0.91
0.25
7.1
0.63
0.57
0.6
1.03
0.38
8.1
0.32
0.57
0.55
1.13
0.53
Discussion:
1) What are the possible sources of error for the experiment? Give
estimates for the percentage errors involved.
Instrument errors. The instrument is not stable. This causes an inaccurate
measurement of time T.
Human error. The error may occur when we read the time recorded by the
stopwatch because of human reaction time. And it cannot be sure that
the ruler is at an exactly perpendicular direction.
Calculation error. When we did the calculation part, we assumed
cos , which will cause a small error in the result.
2) What is the relation between work and kinetic energy?
The work done on an object by a net force equals the change in kinetic
energy of the object:
W = KEf - KEi.
This relationship is called the work-energy theorem.
Proof (for
1.
2.
parallel to
):
W = Fs
W = (ma)s (by Newton's second law).
From the third equation of motion: as = (v 2 - v02)/2
1/2m(v 2 - v02) = KEf - KEi .
W=
Note:
If the speed of an object increases ( vf > vi )
W > 0.
If W < 0 then the object is doing work on the agent exerting the net
force.
Interpretation of equation, we can think of KE as the work an object
can do in coming to rest.
Conclusion:
This report has discussed the work and energy of a system in the different
load. The objectives of this experiment have been achieved successfully in this
formal report. And the experimental results and the analyses have verified and
strongly supported our knowledge about the work and energy in the different
load. Besides that, the relation between the work and kinetic energy is
understood from this experiment that we had carried out. Therefore the skills
and knowledge obtained in this experiment are of great importance in my future
engineer courses.
Reference:
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
http://www.scribd.com
http://www.wikipedia.org
www.google.com
www.yahoo.com
Discussion with friends
Discussion with lecturer
