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Kuliah 2. Preliminary Treatment

The document summarizes various steps in preliminary wastewater treatment processes. It discusses screens, grit chambers, comminutors, equalization tanks, and pumps. Screens are used to remove coarse materials and include mechanically cleaned screens like front-cleaned and reciprocating rake screens. Design criteria for screens include bar spacing, bar width and length, bar angle, flow velocity, and maximum head loss. Grit chambers are used to remove inorganic grit and sand. Equalization tanks store wastewater flows and release them at a controlled rate to improve downstream treatment. Preliminary treatment aims to protect downstream processes from debris, grit, grease, and flow variations.

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68 views46 pages

Kuliah 2. Preliminary Treatment

The document summarizes various steps in preliminary wastewater treatment processes. It discusses screens, grit chambers, comminutors, equalization tanks, and pumps. Screens are used to remove coarse materials and include mechanically cleaned screens like front-cleaned and reciprocating rake screens. Design criteria for screens include bar spacing, bar width and length, bar angle, flow velocity, and maximum head loss. Grit chambers are used to remove inorganic grit and sand. Equalization tanks store wastewater flows and release them at a controlled rate to improve downstream treatment. Preliminary treatment aims to protect downstream processes from debris, grit, grease, and flow variations.

Uploaded by

SeroKeretaMasaroWidiar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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JURUSAN TEKNIK LINGKUNGAN

FAKULTAS TEKNIK SIPIL & PERENCANAAN

Satuan Operasi
Kuliah 2 & 3. Preliminary Treatment
Hijrah Purnama Putra

Preliminary or Pre- Primary


Treatment
Treatment

Sludge Treatment
& Disposal

Secondary
Treatment

Disinfection

Preliminary or PreTreatment

Solids to Landfill

Wastewater Treatment Processes


Preliminary Treatment
Primary Treatment
Secondary (Biological) Treatment
Tertiary Treatment
Disinfection
Solids Handling

Purpose (Preliminary Treatment)

Ensure a satisfactory quality of final


effluent and final sludge product and to
protect the treatment process from
malfunction associated with
accumulation of screenings, debris,
inorganic grit, excessive scum formation
or loss of efficiency associated with
grease or oil films or fat accumulations.

Preliminary Treatment
Screen
Grit Chamber
Communitor
Equalization Tank
Pump

1. Screen

Mechanically cleaned coarse screens :


a)
front-cleaned, front-return chain driven
b)
Reciprocating rake
c)
Catenary
d)
Continuous belt

Front-Cleaning Bar Screen

Design Criteria

Headloss pada Screen

Contoh

Kriteria Desain :
Jarak antar bukaan antar batang ( D )
Lebar penampang batang ( W )
Panjang penampang batang ( P )
Sudut kemiringan batang ( )
Kecepatan aliran ( vs )
Maksimum Headloss ( HL )
Bentuk saluran adalah segi panjang

= 25-50 mm
= 25,4 mm
= 25-50 mm
= 30o60o
= 0,3-3,9 m/det
= 150 mm

Perencanaan
Bukaan bars ( D )
Diameter batang ( t )
Sudut kemiringan ( )
Lebar penampang batang ( W )
Kecepatan melalui batang (v )
Jenis batang
= 1,79

= 0,025 m
= 10 mm
= 60o
= 0,02 m
= 1 m/det
= Bulat dengan kisi

Luas daerah kosong ( A bukaan )


A = Q peak / v
= 1,232 m3/det / 1 m
= 1,232 m2
Lebar bukaan total = A bukaan / kedalaman saluran
(kedalaman saluran sama dengan kedalaman pipa pada air
buangan. d =2 m )
Lebar bukaan toal
(Ws) = 1,232 m2 / 2 m = 0,616 m
Jumlah bukaan
= Ws / D
= 0,616 m/ 0,025 m
= 24,64 buah = 25 buah
Jumlah bar
= 25-1 = 24 buah
Diameter bar
= 10 mm = 0,01 m
Lebar saluran
= ( 25 x 0,025 ) + ( 24 x 0,01 ) = 0,865 m

Fine Screen

2. Grit Chamber

3. Bak Equalisasi

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