SECTION A WORKSHOP PRACTICE
MAINTENANCE PRACTICE
INTRODUCTION OF SAFETY
Purpose: To accomplish the tasks without harming to personnel,
others, aircraft and equipment.
The goal as aircraft technician is to maintain the aircraft
according to maintenance manual.
At the same time to assure the safety along the process of
maintenance is at the top priority and attention.
STEPS TO SAFETY
Know safety rules and be aware of precautions
Practice safety rules and precautions as part
of a professional safety.
Develop a safety concepts as a professional.
ELECTRICAL SAFETY - GENERAL
Human body conducts electricity.
If get a electric shock, the current passing through a body will disturb the
nervous system & cause burns at entry & exit points.
Safety procedures
Avoid handling electrical equipment on wet hand or surface.
Aware of shorted wire.
Dont use frayed cords, wire exposed and cracked plug.
Ensure electrical equipment is connected into 3 main panel ->
ELECTRICAL FIRE SAFETY
Principle of electrical
current:
When current flow
through conductor, it
will produces some
heat.
The higher resistance,
the greater the heat.
Never overload
extension cord
or wall outlet
No poor
connections
(has higher
resistance)
Electrical cord is
in good
conditions
How to
prevent
from
happen
RADIATION HAZARDS
Large aircraft contain radioactive material.
Balance weight flight control
(depleted Uranium 238)
Luminescent devices exit
sign ( Tritium )
Example of radioactive
materials
Optical instrument
electronic equipment
(Thorium)
Smoke detector
(Americium 241)
All the examples, producing low-level radiations.
It may dangerous if handle or disposed of improperly.
If inhale or swallowed accidentally could cause serious health consequences.
HAZARD COMMUNICATION PROGRAM
OSHA: Occupational Safety & Health Administration is responsible body
come-out this program.
Program
aims
All maintenance shop to develop formal
hazard communication program
Make all personnel aware of shop
materials that considered hazardous or
potentially hazardous.
Train them the proper handling and
disposal of these materials.
PROGRAM CONSISTS OF
Formal written program starting compliance and training
procedure.
Inventory on all hazardous materials.
Material safety and data sheet (MSDS) for the item
listed on inventory.
Labeling all container and equipment.
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS (MSDS)
OSHA regulation: All employer require
to have copies of relevant MSDS readily
available to all shop personnel at all
times.
Purpose: quick reference, when cases
such as chemical spill or injury.
MSDS should has at emergency room to
ensure immediate medical attention.
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET CONSISTS OF
Product
identification
Principle
ingredients
Physical data
description
Fire & explosion
hazard potential
Reactivity data
First aid & health
hazard data
Ventilation &
personal
protection
Storage &
handling
precautions
Spill, leak &
disposal
procedure
MATERIAL SAFETY
DATA SHEET
CONTAINER LABELLING
Colored white
indicate personnel
protection.
A-Minimum
requirement
including safety
glasses or
goggles.
K- Use of fully
body suit, boot,
and head mask
with independent
air supply.
SAFETY AROUND COMPRESSED
GASES
Pneumatic
drill motor
Compressed
Acetylene
Welding
Paint
spray
gun
Shock
struts
Compressed
nitrogen
Inflate
Tires
Compressed
gases
Cleaning
gun
Rivet
gun
SAFETY PRECAUTION USING COMPRESS AIR
Dangerous
things
Preventive
steps
Do not blowing the compress air into
any cut of the skin.
Dusting gun has restrictor to reduce
the pressure to 30 PSI or less.
Not to blow dirt or chips into the face
someone standing nearby.
Wear eye protection
Personal injury because of ruptured
hose.
Keep air hoses fittings in good
condition.
Tires explode during inflating and
deflating.
Do the process in safety cage. Use
calibrate tire gauge and regulator.
SAFETY PRECAUTION WELDING GASES
Ensure the gas cylinder are properly supported & secure.
Securing method: chaining the cylinder to the building.
Ensure the cylinder cap is always install when not using to
protect the valve stem.
Never allow the oxygen get contact with petroleum products.
Never use rag is oily or grease on the cylinder.
To check the hose / cylinder, use approved leak check solution.
Use properly designed wheeled cart to move large cylinder.
Use the appropriate regulator on each gas cylinder.
SAFETY AROUND MACHINE TOOLS
Do not use unfamiliar machine tools.
Machine tools should have guards and safety covers to protect the operator.
Ensure all cutting and drilling tools are properly sharpened.
The material need to be drill should be securely clamped to the table.
Never leave a chuck key at drill motor / drill press.
Use eye protection when drilling, grinding or sawing.
Use proper workshop attire.
WELDING
Welding should be performed only at designated areas.
If part need to be welded, removed part and take to welding area.
Welding area should be equipped with proper table, ventilation, tool storage
and fire extinguishers.
If welding should be done in the hangar, no aircraft should be within 35 feet of
the hangar. Roped off and clearly marked.
FIRE SAFETY
Combustible
materials
Stored in proper containers, where spontaneous combustion
cannot occur
Cool area, ventilated and outside the shop
Static
electricity
Spilled gasoline, dried paint overspray, sand dust should never
be swept with dry broom
Can cause spark and ignite
flush the combustible products with water before sweeping
Fire in
Hangar
Provide exit for aircraft in the hangar
Ensure fire extinguishers are properly serviced and available
FIRE PRINCIPLES
Kindling
point
The lowest temperature where a substance will
auto-ignite and combust
Occur at normal atmospheric conditions without
any external influences
3 condition must be met
for a fire to occur.
CLASSIFICATION OF FIRES
Solid combustible material
Class A Example: wood, paper or cloth burn, cabin fire
Combustibles liquid
Class B Example: gasoline, oil, turbine fuel (AVTUR)
Example: paint, thinner and solvent
Energized electrical equipment
Class C Example: Electrical motor, generator
Class Metal fire
Example: Magnesium
D
PRINCIPLE OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
Principal of fire extinguishers
Cooling the fuel below kindling point.
Deprive / remove the oxygen
TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER
Water
extinguisher
For class A fire
Apply on any place where electricity not involved.
Construction: has anti-freeze material mixed with water
inside the container.
Carbon
Dioxide
Reaction inside the tank: temperature drops and it
blanket the fire in form of white snow.
Principle: the white snow remove the oxygen from the
fire & fire will dies out.
Suitable for: Class B & C fires. (Location: engine intake &
carburetor fire)
TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER
Halogenated
hydrocarbon
Suitable for: Class B & C fires (but limited usage on
class A & D fires)
Know as Halon 1300 (Freon 13) no harm to
human.
Effective for used in cabin fire, engine
compartment fires both piston and turbine engine.
Dry
powder
Ingredient: Bicarbonate of soda, ammonium
phosphate or potassium bicarbonate
Suitable for: Class B and D fires
Dry powder not recommended use on electrical
equipment because it has potential to damage the
system & difficult to remove / clean.
IDENTIFYING FIRE EXTINGUISHER
Green triangle with
letter A = Suitable for
class A fires
Red square with letter
B =Suitable for class B
fires.
Blue circle with letter C
= Suitable for class C
fires.
Black / yellow star with
letter D = Suitable for
class D fires.
CHECKING FIRE EXTINGUISHER
All fire extinguishers should have seal over their
operating handles to if a unit has been discharged.
Content of CO2 extinguisher is determined by its
weight.
Require periodic weight checks to verify they
contain
Content of nitrogen-pressurized extinguisher is
indicated by pressure gauge.
Red and green arc on the dial. Green arc indicating
sufficient.
JACKING
Reason for jacking: weighing, maintenance or repair.
Always refer to aircraft maintenance manual.
Normally the jacking point is the location have stressed panels / structure.
To lift
one
side
Purpose: to change / service aircraft wheel /
brake.
Dont place the jack under brake housing or any
location is not approved.
To lift
all
Purpose: to change landing gear or heavy
maintenance.
Ensure all jack is lifting at same time to prevent
the aircraft move a side.
JACKING EQUIPMENT
Use proper jacking equipment recommended by aircraft
manufacture.
Higher-capacity jacks have screw type safety collars to
prevent from jack inadvertently retracting.
Aircraft raised, screw safety collars down.
If the jack dont have it, normally their have a hole to slot-in
the lock / safety pins.
Before lowering the aircraft, be sure to remove any work
stand, ladders or other equipment under the aircraft.
Be sure the landing gear is down & locked.
JACKING
PAD
Jack locking pin
LOCKING
COLLAR
THE END SECTION A
