ASME BPVC 2008a Section VIII - Division 1 General Requirement UG-34

RULES FOR UNSTAYED FLAT HEADS AND COVERS

Calculation 1

Input
Material
FF Product Information
Flat Head: ASTM B462 Gr.10276
GAPN
F2157Bolting: ASTM A193 B8M
Bolt Size 1-1/8"-7 UNC-2A
Gasket: Elastomer below 75A
Process Connection
Pressure
ANSI Raised Face Standard (125-250 Ra)
6250
(psi) Internal Design Pressure
Size ANSI 1-1/2"
Temperature
Rating 2500#
-20 to 100 (F) Ambient (atmospheric) (F) Process (operating)
-20 to 100

Output
Bolt Loads Analysis
Acceptable

Flat Heads and Covers Analysis

Operating Condition
Acceptable Gasket Seating Condition

Acceptable

HC
S6
ER

FIG. UG-34 (j)

NOTATION
Ab = cross-sectional area of the bolts using root diameter of the thread, or least diameter Ab =
1-1/8"-7 UNC-2A
Am = total required cross-sectional area of bolts, taken as the greater of Am1 and Am2 Am =
b = effective gasket or joint-contact-surface seating width b =
(in)
C = a factor depending upon the method of attachment of head C =
for FIG. UG-34 (j)
d = diameter, or short span, measured as indicated in Fig. UG-34 d =
(in)
E = joint efficiency, from Table UW-12, Fig L-1.4-2 E =
G = diameter at location of gasket load reaction
G=
(in)
FIG. UG-34 (j)
Except as noted in sketch When b0 </= 1/4 in (6mm)

2.851
15.138
008.875
03
22.375
1
22.375

(in^2) For bolting thr

(in^2)

G = mean diameter of gasket contact face G =

2.2375 (in)
When b0 > 1/4 in (6mm)
G = outside diameter of gasket contact face less 2b G =
2.2375 (in)
H = total hydrostatic end force H = 0.785*G^2*P
Hp = total joint-contact surface compression load
Table 2-5.2

Hp = 2*b*3.14*G*m*P
hG = gasket moment arm, equal to the radial distance from the centerline of the bolts to the line of the gasket reaction, as show
2-5.2
hG =
(in)
m = gasket factor, obtain from Table 2-1.1 [note 1, 2-5(c)(1)] m =
y = gasket or joint-contact-surface unit seating load, [Note 1, 2-5(c)] y =
(psi)
P = internal design pressure (UG-21) P =
(psi)
Sa = allowable bolt stress at atmospheric temperature (UG-23)
Sf = allowable design stress for material of flange at design or atmospheric temperature t = thickness of flat head or cover
t=
(in)
W = total bolt load given for circular heads for Formulas (3) and (4), 2-5(e) Wm1 = minimum required bolt load for operating con
Wm2 = minimum required bolt load for gasket seating conditions.

175.625
050
0
6250
215
CALCULATION
Operating Condition
2-5(c)(1)
Wm1 = H + Hp
Wm1 = 0.785*G^2*P+(2*b*3.14*G*m*P)
= 0.785x2.2375^2x6250+(2x0.08875x3.14x2.2375x0.5x6250
2-5(e)(3)
W = Wm1
W = 28459.7 (lbf)
Sec II Part D
Table 3 Allowable Bolt Stress at Process Temperature
Sb = 18800 (psi)
2-5(d)
Am1 = Wm1/Sb
= 28459.7/18800
Am1 = 1.51381 (in^2)
2-5(d)

2-5(c)(2)

Gasket Seating Condition

Wm2 = 3.14*b*G*y
= 3.14x0.08875x2.2375x0
Wm2 =

W=

41

2-5(e)(4)
W = (Am + Ab)Sa/2
= (1.5138+2.8514)x18800/2

at Atmospheric Temperature
Sa =
18800 (psi)
2-5(d)
Am2 = Wm2/Sa
= 0/18800
Am2 =
0 (in^2)

Am = Greater of Am1 and Am2

Am = 1.51380 (in^2)
2-5(d) Ab shall not be less than Am
Sec II Part D
Table 1 Allowable Design Stress at Process Temperature
at Atmospheric Temperature
Sf = 27300 (psi)
Sf =
27300 (psi)
UG-34 (c)(2)
The minimum require thickness of flat unstayed circular heads,
t_min = d*sqrt(C*P/(S*E)+1.9*W*hg/(S*E*d^3))
Operating t_min = 2.2375xSQRT(0.3x6250/(27300x1)+1.9x28459.7x1.75625/(27300x1x2.2375^3))

Gasket Seating

t_min = 2.2375xSQRT(0.3x6250/(27300x1)+1.9x41032.8x1.75625/(27300x1x2.2375^3))

Operating Condition
t_min =
1.378 (in)

Gasket Seating Condition

t_min =

1.608 (in)

Acceptable

Acceptable

ASME BPVC 2008a Section VIII - Division 1 Mandatory Appendix 2

RULES FOR BOLTED FLANGE CONNECTIONS WITH RING TYPE GASKETS
Input

Output

Flange
475
(in) "A"
Outside Diameter (in) "t"
Thickness
No. Bolts
11
"B"
Inside Diameter (in) "C"
Bolt-circle
4
Diameter (in) "D"
Gasket Area OD
0.622
325
138
Process Size & Rating
ANSI 1/2" 1500#

Bolting Analysis
Acceptable
Flange Moments & Stress
Operating Gasket Seating
Flange Rigidity
Operating Gasket Seating

Acceptable
Acceptable
Acceptable
Acceptable

Material
HC
S6
ER
Pressure
3750

Flange
ASTM B462 Gr.10276 Bolt
A193 B8M
Gasket
Elastomer below 75A

ASTM

(psi) Design Pressure

Temperature
-20 to 100 (F) Ambient (atmospheric) (F) Process (operating)
-20 to 100
2-5 Bolt Loads
Operating Condition

Bolt Size 3/4"-10 UNC-2A

Process Connection
ANSI Raised Face Standard (125-250 Ra)
Size ANSI 1/2"
Rating 1500#
Gasket Seating Condition

Wm1 = H + Hp
(lb) = 0.785*G^2*P+(2b*3.14*G*m*P)
W = Wm1
W = 5183.234 lb
Sb =
18.8 ksi
Am1 = Wm1/Sb
Am1 = 0.275704 in^2
Am = 0.275704 in^2
Ab = 1.243338 in^2
2-5 (d) Total Required and Actual Bolt Areas
Ab will not be less than Am

Wm2 = 3.14*b*G*y
Wm2 =
0 lb
W = (Am + Ab)Sa/2
W=
14279 lb
Sa =
18.8 ksi
Am2 = Wm2/Sa
Am2 =
0 in^2 Am = Greater of Am1 and Am2

TEST Acceptable

2-6 Flange Moments

Operating Condition
M0 = MD + MT + MG
= (HDhD)+(HThT)+(HGhG)

Gasket Seating Condition

M0 = W(C-G)/2
M0 = 16056.73 in*lb

M0 = 6.215.935 in*lb
2-7 Calculation of Flange Stresses
Moment Arms for Flange Loads under Operation Conditions hD = (C - B) / 2
hD =
1.314 in
hT = (hD + hG) / 2
Effective Gasket Width hT = 1.21925 in
hG = (C - G) / 2
b0 = N/2
hG =
1.1245 in
b0 =
0.1895 H = 0.785*(G^2)*P
H = 2949.64 lb
HD = 0.785*(B^2)*P
HT = H-HD
HD = 1138.89 lb
HT = 1810.751 lb

Operating Condition

N=

0.379

Gasket Seating Condition

HG = W-H
HG = W-H
HG = 2233.594 lb
HG = 11329.35 lb
Factors
Y = 1/(K-1)*(0.66845+5.71690*(K^2*log(K,10))/(K^2-1) Y = 0.874534
Z = (K^2+1)/(K^2-1) Z = 1.034893
K = A/B
K = 7.636656
With Hub
Not Applicable Longitudinal hub stress
SH = f*M0/(L*g1^2B) Radial flange stress
SR = (1.33te + 1)M0/(L*t^2B)
Tangential flange stress
ST = Y*M0/(t^2B) - Z*SR
Without Hub
Calculate without considering the hub

Operating Condition
ST = Y*M0/(t^2*B)
ST = 7222.828 psi
SR = 0
SH = 0

Gasket Seating Condition

ST = Y*M0/(t^2*B)
ST = 18657.69 psi
SR = 0
SH = 0

2-8 Allowable Flange Design Stresses

Operating Condition
(a) (1)

Sf =

27.3 ksi

Gasket Seating Condition

Sf =
273

Longitudinal hub stress SH

For cast iron
Not Applicable
SH </= Sf
Other than cast iron
SH </= 1.5*Sf
Not Applicable
For optional type flanges designed as integral
SH </= min[1.5*Sf, 1.5*Sn]
For integral type flanges with hub welded to the neck, pipe or vessel wall SH </= min[1.5*Sf, 2.5*Sn]
Radial flange stress SR
(a) (2)
SR </= Sf
(a) (3)
Tangential flange stress
ST </= Sf

ST </= Sf
Acceptable

Acceptable

(a) (4)
(SH+SR)/2 </= Sf
(SH+ST)/2 </= Sf
(SH+ST)/2 =

3611 psi Acceptable

(SH+ST)/2 =

(c)
Shearing stress
Not Applicable
Ss </= 0.8*Sn
shearing stress shall be calculated on
the basis of Wm1 or Wm2 whichever is greater

2-9 Split Loose Flanges

Not Applicable
When the flange consists of a single split flange or flange ring it shall be designed as if it were a solid flange,
Using 200% of the total moment M0 as defined
When the flange consists of two split rings each ring it shall be designed as if it were a solid flange
Using 75% of the total moment M0 as defined
The splits should preferably be midway between bolt holes

2-11 Flanges Subject to External Pressures

Not Applicable
Total Moment for operating conditions
M0 = HD(hD-hG)+HT(hT-hG)
Total Moment for gasket seating
M0 = W*hG
Where
Pe = external design pressure H = 0.785*G^2*Pe
HT = H - HD
HD = 0.785B^2*Pe
W = (Am2+Ab)/2*Sa

2-12 Flanges with Nut-stops

Not Applicable
2-13 Reverse Flanges
Not Applicable

9329
Acceptable

2-14 Flange Rigidity

E = Modulus of elasticity for the flange material E =
E = 29800000 PSI
KL = Rigidity factor for loose-type flanges KL =
J = Rigidity index
J = 109.4*M0/(E*t^3*KL*(LN(K)))
Flange Rigidity
J </= 1.0

29.8 x 10^6 PSI

0.2

Operating Condition
M0 = 6215.935 in*lb

Gasket Seating Condition

M0 = 16056.73 in*lb

J = 0.042.167
Acceptable

J = 0.108.923
Acceptable

2-3 Notation

H = total hydrostatic end force (0.785G^2*P)

Hp = total joint-contact surface compression load (2b x 3.14G*m*P) G = diameter at location of gasket load reaction
G=
1.001 in
Except as noted in sketch
1.001 When b0 </= 1/4 in (6mm)
G = mean diameter of gasket contact face
1.001 When b0 > 1/4 in (6mm)
G = outside diameter of gasket contact face less 2b P = internal design pressure
P=
3750 psi
For flanges subject to external design pressure
b = effective gasket or joint-contact-surface seating width b =
0.1895 in
m = gasket factor, table 2-5.1 m =
0.5
y = gasket or joint-contact-surface unit seating load. y =
0 psi
Am = total required cross-sectional area of bolts, taken as the greater of Am1 and Am2 Am1 = total cross-sectional area of bolts at root of thread, Wm1/Sb
Am2 = total cross-sectional area of bolts at root of thread, Wm2/Sa
Ab = cross-sectional area of the bolts using the root diameter of the thread or least diameter of unthreaded position Sa = allowable bolt stress at atmospheric temperature (lookup table
Sb = allowable bolt stress at design temperature (lookup table)
M0 = total moment acting upon the flange, for the operating conditions or gasket seating as may apply W = flange design bolt load, for the operating condition or gasket seating, as my
C = bolt-circle diameter
N = width used to determine the basic gasket seating with b0 N =
0.379 in
b0 = basic gasket seting width b0 =
0.1895 in
A = outside diameter of flange or, where slotted holes extend to the outside of the flange the diameter to the bottom of the slots
B = inside diameter of flange. When B is less than 20g1,
it will be optional for the designer to substitute B1 for B in the formula for longitudinal stress SH hD = radial distance from the bolt circle, to the circle on which HD acts
hT = radial distance from the bolt circle, to the circle on which HT acts hG = radial distance from the bolt circle, to the circle on which HG acts HD = hydrostatic end force on area inside
HT = difference between total hydrostatic end force and the hydrostatic end force on area inside of flange (H-HD) HG = gasket load (difference between flange design bolt load and tota
f = hub stress correction factor for integral flanges
= 1 (minimum)
= 1 for hubs of uniform thickness (g1 / g0 = 1)
= 1 for loose hubbed flanges L = factor
= (t*e+1)/T+t^3/d t = flange thickness t =
1.1 in
e = factor
= F/h0 for integral type flanges
= FL/h0 for loose type flanges
Sf = allowable design stress for material of flange at design temperature for operating condition at atmospheric temperature for gasket seating
Sn = allowable design stress for material of nozzle neck, vessel or pipe wall at design temperature for operating condition
at atmospheric temperature for gasket seating

ASME BPVC 2008a Section VIII - Division 1 General Requirement UG-27

RULES FOR THICKNESS OF SHELLS UNDER INTERNAL PRESSURE
PROPERTIES OF CALIBRATION RING
AVAILABLE MATERIAL
CODE
S6
HC
SD

DESCRIPTION
316L SST A479 Gr. S31603
ALLOY C-276 B574 Gr. N10276
DUPLEX 2205 A479 Gr. S31803

Calculation 3

BPVC Sec II Part D Table 1.

Material \ Temperature
316L SST A479 Gr. S31603
ALLOY C-276 B574 Gr. N10276
DUPLEX 2205 A479 Gr. S31803

Max Allowable Stress (S) at Temperature F (ksi)

-20 to 100
200
300
400
167
167
167
157
273
249
230
213
257
257
248
239

AVAILABLE SIZE & DIMENSION

SIZE
"OD" (in)
262
3/4" ANSI
262
1" ANSI
288
1-1/2" ANSI
362
2" ANSI
500
3" ANSI

"ID" (in)
082
105
161
200
200

"t" (in)
090
079
064
081
150

500
148
199
233

600
140
187
231

"R" (in)
041
053
081
100
100

NOTATION
E = joint efficiency, from Table UW-12, Fig L-1.4-2 E =
P = internal design pressure (UG-21)
R = inside radius of the shell course under consideration S = maximum allowable stress value
t = thickness of shell

100

FORMULAS OF CALCULATION
UG-27 (c) Cylindrical Shells
UG-27 (c) (1) Circumferential Stress (Longitudinal Joints)
minimum required thickness tmin_C
tmin_C = P*R/(S*E-0.6*P)
or
P_C = S*E*t/(R+0.6*t)
UG-27 (c) (2) Longitudinal Stress (Circumferential Joints)
minimum required thickness tmin_L
tmin_L = P*R/(2*S*E+0.4*P)
or
P_L = 2*S*E*t/(R-0.4*t)

RESULTS OF CALCULATION 3
For 3/4" ANSI
t=
0.90 R =
UG-27 (c) (1) Circumferential Stress

0.41

Temperature /
Materials
Pressure
316L SST A479 Gr. S31603
ALLOY C-276 B574 Gr. N10276
DUPLEX 2205 A479 Gr. S31803
UG-27 (c) (2) Longitudinal S

tress

Temperature /
Materials
Pressure
316L SST A479 Gr. S31603
ALLOY C-276 B574 Gr. N10276
DUPLEX 2205 A479 Gr. S31803

(in)
(in)
P_C = Sx1x0.9/(0.41+0.6x0.9)
Circumferential Allowable Pressure (P_C) at Temperature F (ksi)
-20 to 100
200
300
400
500
158
158
158
149
140
259
236
218
202
189
243
243
235
226
221

600
133
177
219

P_L = 2xSx1x0.9/(0.41-0.4x0.9)
Longitudinal Allowable Pressure (P_L) at Temperature F (ksi)
-20 to 100
200
300
400
500
6.012
6.012
6.012
5.652
5.328
9.828
8.964
8.280
7.668
7.164
9.252
9.252
8.928
8.604
8.388

600
5.040
6.732
8.316

For 1" ANSI

t=
0.79
R=
0.53
UG-27 (c) (1) Circumferential Stress
Temperature /
Materials
Pressure
316L SST A479 Gr. S31603
ALLOY C-276 B574 Gr. N10276
DUPLEX 2205 A479 Gr. S31803
UG-27 (c) (2) Longitudinal S

tress

0.81

Temperature /
Materials
Pressure
316L SST A479 Gr. S31603
ALLOY C-276 B574 Gr. N10276
DUPLEX 2205 A479 Gr. S31803
UG-27 (c) (2) Longitudinal S

tress

Temperature /
Materials
Pressure
316L SST A479 Gr. S31603
ALLOY C-276 B574 Gr. N10276
DUPLEX 2205 A479 Gr. S31803
For 2" ANSI
t=
0.81
R=
1.00
UG-27 (c) (1) Circumferential Stress
Temperature /
Materials
Pressure
316L SST A479 Gr. S31603
ALLOY C-276 B574 Gr. N10276
DUPLEX 2205 A479 Gr. S31803
UG-27 (c) (2) Longitudinal S

tress

Temperature /
Materials
Pressure
316L SST A479 Gr. S31603
ALLOY C-276 B574 Gr. N10276
DUPLEX 2205 A479 Gr. S31803
For 3" ANSI
t=
1.50
R=
1.00
UG-27 (c) (1) Circumferential Stress
Temperature /
Materials
Pressure
316L SST A479 Gr. S31603
ALLOY C-276 B574 Gr. N10276
DUPLEX 2205 A479 Gr. S31803
UG-27 (c) (2) Longitudinal S

600
110
147
182

P_L = 2xSx1x0.785/(0.525-0.4x0.785)

Temperature /
Materials
Pressure
316L SST A479 Gr. S31603
ALLOY C-276 B574 Gr. N10276
DUPLEX 2205 A479 Gr. S31803
For 1-1/2" ANSI
t=
0.64 R =
UG-27 (c) (1) Circumferential Stress

(in)
(in)
P_C = Sx1x0.785/(0.525+0.6x0.785)
Circumferential Allowable Pressure (P_C) at Temperature F (ksi)
-20 to 100
200
300
400
500
132
132
132
124
117
215
196
181
168
157
203
203
195
188
184

tress

Temperature /
Materials
Pressure
316L SST A479 Gr. S31603
ALLOY C-276 B574 Gr. N10276
DUPLEX 2205 A479 Gr. S31803

Longitudinal Allowable Pressure (P_L) at Temperature F (ksi)

-20 to 100
200
300
400
500
1.243
1.243
1.243
1.168
1.101
2.031
1.853
1.711
1.585
1.481
1.912
1.912
1.845
1.778
1.734
(in)
(in)
P_C = Sx1x0.635/(0.805+0.6x0.635)
Circumferential Allowable Pressure (P_C) at Temperature F (ksi)
-20 to 100
200
300
400
500
89
89
89
84
79
146
133
123
114
107
138
138
133
128
125

600
1.042
1.391
1.719

600
75
100
124

P_L = 2xSx1x0.635/(0.805-0.4x0.635)
Longitudinal Allowable Pressure (P_L) at Temperature F (ksi)
-20 to 100
200
300
400
500
385
385
385
362
341
629
574
530
491
459
592
592
572
551
537
(in)
(in)
P_C = Sx1x0.81/(1+0.6x0.81)
Circumferential Allowable Pressure (P_C) at Temperature F (ksi)
-20 to 100
200
300
400
500
91
91
91
86
81
149
136
125
116
108
140
140
135
130
127

600
323
431
532

600
76
102
126

P_L = 2xSx1x0.81/(1-0.4x0.81)
Longitudinal Allowable Pressure (P_L) at Temperature F (ksi)
-20 to 100
200
300
400
500
400
400
400
376
355
654
597
551
510
477
616
616
594
573
558

336
448
554

(in)
(in)
P_C = Sx1x1.5/(1+0.6x1.5)
Circumferential Allowable Pressure (P_C) at Temperature F (ksi)
-20 to 100
200
300
400
500
132
132
132
124
117
216
197
182
168
157
203
203
196
189
184

111
148
182

600

600

P_L = 2xSx1x1.5/(1-0.4x1.5)
Longitudinal Allowable Pressure (P_L) at Temperature F (ksi)
-20 to 100
200
300
400
500
1.253
1.253
1.253
1.178
1.110
2.048
1.868
1.725
1.598
1.493
1.928
1.928
1.860
1.793
1.748

600
1.050
1.403
1.733

Pressure (psi)
20,000
18,000
16,000
14,000
12,000
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
Seal Working Pressure
B 16.5 Rating

Material Group 1.1

Pressure (psi)

Seal Size & Class Rating

20,000
18,000
16,000
14,000
12,000
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
Seal Working Pressure
B 16.5 Rating

Material Group 2.1

Pressure (psi)

Seal Size & Class Rating

20,000
18,000
16,000
14,000
12,000
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
Seal Working Pressure
B 16.5 Rating

Material Group 2.2

Seal Size & Class Rating

Pressure (psi)
20,000
18,000
16,000
14,000
12,000
10,000
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
0
Seal Working Pressure
B 16.5 Rating

Material Group 3.8

Seal Size & Class Rating
Pressure (psi)

Figure 1. Maximum Working Pressure of F2 Seal upper for Temperature at 100F

Pressure (psi)
8,000

Material Group 1.1

8,000

Material Group 2.1

7,000
7,000
6,000
6,000
5,000
5,000
4,000
4,000
3,000
B 16.5 Rating
3,000

NSI 1/2" 150#

2,000

B 16.5 Rating
Working Pressure

2,000

Working Pressure

1,000
1,000
0
ANSI 1/2" 300#

ANSI 1/2" 600#

ANSI 1/2" 1500#

Size & Class Rating

NSI 1/2" 150#

0
ANSI 1/2" 300#

ANSI 1/2" 600#

ANSI 1/2" 1500#

Pressure (psi)

Size & Class Rating

Pressure (psi)
8,000

Material Group 2.2

14,000

Material Group 3.8

7,000
12,000
10,000
B 16.5 Rating
Working Pressure
5,000
4,000
3,000
B 16.5 Rating
8,000
6,000
4,000
2,000
Working Pressure
1,000

NSI 1/2" 150#

2,000
0
ANSI 1/2" 300#

ANSI 1/2" 600#

ANSI 1/2" 1500#

Size & Class Rating

NSI 1/2" 150#

0
ANSI 1/2" 300#

ANSI 1/2" 600#

ANSI 1/2" 1500#

Size & Class Rating

Figure 2. Maximum Working Pressure of F2 stud design Seal lower for Temperature at 100F
Material Group 2.3
18,000
16,000
14,000

Working Press

12,000
B16.5 2500# Rating 3/4"
Calibration Ring 1" Calibration
Ring
1-1/2" Calibration Ring
2" Calibration Ring
3" Calibration Ring

0 100

200

300

400

500

Process Temperature (F)

#####
8,000
6,000

600

4,000
2,000

Material Group 2.8

30,000
25,000

Working Pr

20,000
B16.5 2500# Rating 3/4"
Calibration Ring 1" Calibration
Ring
1-1/2" Calibration Ring
2" Calibration Ring 3"
Calibration Ring

0 100

200

300

400

500

600

Process Temperature (F)

#####
#####
5,000
#####

Material Group 3.8

#####
#####
#####
#####
5,000
0
100

200

300

400

500

600

Process Temperature (F)

B16.5 2500# Rating
3/4" Calibration Ring 1" Calibration Ring
1-1/2" Calibration Ring
2" Calibration Ring 3" Calibration Ring

Figure 3. Maximum Working Pressure of F2 insert design Seal lower

G-34
Calculation 1

Acceptable

(in^2) For bolting thread size

(in^2)

gasket reaction, as shown in Table

of flat head or cover

bolt load for operating conditions.

eating Condition

Wm2 =

W=

0.0

(lbf)

41032.8 (lbf)

eating Condition
Acceptable

Acceptable
Acceptable
Acceptable
Acceptable
Acceptable

C-2A
n
(125-250 Ra)

Condition

Am2

Condition

79

Condition

Condition

Condition
ksi

Sf
Acceptable

psi
Acceptable

Condition

0.108.923
Acceptable

mospheric temperature (lookup table)

g condition or gasket seating, as my apply

e on which HD acts
hydrostatic end force on area inside of flange (0.785*B^2P)
ween flange design bolt load and total hydrostatic end force W-H)

)
600
133
177
219

600
5.040
6.732
8.316

)
600
110
147
182

600
1.042
1.391
1.719

)
600
75
100
124

600
323
431
532

)
600
76
102
126

600
336
448
554

)
600
111
148
182

600
1.050
1.403
1.733

ture at 100F