Default = 50% of interface's bandwidth
(config-if)# ip bandwidth-percent eigrp 50 30
Recommendation: set the bandwidth of point-topoint links to the speed of CIR of the single PVC
on the subinterface
Bandwidth control
Recommendation: set the bandwidth of
multipoint subinterfaces to around the total CIR
for all VCs assigned to the subinterface
nonstub routers do not send Query messages to
stub routers
1- using stub routers
for multipoint subinterfaces IOS first divides the
subinterface bandwidth by the number of
configured PVCs and then determines the
EIGRP percentage
1- connected subnets of enabled interfaces
using network command
(config-router)# eigrp stub
by default it will advertise only connected and
summary routes
Limiting scope of Queries
If a router receives a Query for a (prefix/prefix
length), does not have exact matching route, but
does have a summary route that includes it, that
router sends back a Reply and does not flood
the Query
2- using route summarization
2- connected subnets of interfaces referenced
using neighbor command
before exchanging routes each router fill its
topology table from 3 sources
3- prefixes learned by redistribution into EIGRP
from other routing protocols
After 90 seconds from sending Queries it will
send SIA-Query, and if it does not receive a
SIA-Reply it will take the neighborship down
the active timer is 3 minutes by default
(config-router)# timers active-time 2
Hello
Default metric =
( (10^7 / least-bandwidth (kbps) ) + cumulativedelay (tens of microseconds) ) * 256
Prefix
Prefix Length
Feasible Distance (FD)
Contains
Metric components: bandwidth, delay, reliability,
and load
Calculates 2 metrics for each route
Update
MTU and hop count
Messages
Advertised Distance (AD)
or
Reported Distance (RD)
Topology Info Exchange
route(s) with lowest FD
Successor
used with Ack message for topology data
exchange
2 types of routes
non-successor route(s) with AD less than the
FD of the successor
Feasible Successor
Query
Reply
it's better to change the delay not the bandwidth
Ack
Building Routing Table
Serial
1544 and 20000
GigE
1000,000 and 10
modifying bandwidth and delay
1- the spokes will not form neighborship
Default bandwidth (Kbps) and delay
(microseconds)
2- the Hup will not forward updates from one
spoke to another due to Split Horizon
FastE
Multipoint subinterfaces issue
(config-router)# metric weights 0 k1 k2 k3 k4 k5
Metric Tuning
Solution: disable split horizon on the Hup
(config-subif)# no ip split-horizon eigrp 50
Modify K values
# show ip protocols
Do not have to match on EIGRP routers
Time to consider a neighbour down
Hold timer
(config)# access-list 11 permit [Link]
(config-router)# offset-list 11 in 3 Serial 0/0
add 3 to the computed FD and AD for each
prefix received on Serial 0/0 and matched by
ACL 11
Offset Lists
Types
Time between hello messages
Hello timer
default hold timer:
15 seconds on LANs
60 seconds on interfaces with a bandwidth of T1
or slower with encapsulation of Frame Relay
Show ip eigrp interfaces
EIGRP
Default
Show ip protocols
Verification commands.
Show ip eigrp topology
timers
(config-if)# ip hold-time eigrp 50 6
Tells its neighbours to wait 6 seconds before
consider it down
Show ip route
Modify
Multicast ip: [Link]
Use RTP (Reliable Transport Protocol) for
update messages
(config-if)# ip hello-interval eigrp 50 2
Hello timer:
R# show ip eigrp interface detail serial 0/0
Hold timer:
repeating: show ip eigrp neighbours
(config)# key chain carkeys
(config-keychain)# key 1
(config-keychain-key)# string cisco
(config-keychain-key)# accept-lifetime [Link]
1 jan 2010
(config-keychain-key)# send-lifetime [Link] 1
jan 2010
Show ip eigrp neighbors
using ACL
Verify
(config)# access-list 2 deny [Link]
[Link]
(config)# access-list 2 permit any
(config-router)# distribute-list 2 out
1- Create a Key Chain
Route Filtering
distribute-list
using prefix list
Neighborships
Authentication
(config-if)# ip authentication mode eigrp 50 md5
(config-if)# ip authentication key-chain eigrp 50
carkeys
(config)# ip prefix-list fred seq 5 deny
[Link]/24 ge 25 le 25
(config)# ip prefix-list fred seq 10 deny
[Link]/24 ge 26 le 26
(config)# ip prefix-list fred seq 15 deny [Link]/0
ge 30 le 30
(config)# ip prefix-list fred seq 20 permit
[Link]/0 le 32
(config-router)# distribute-list prefix fred out
2- Enable it on the interface
Key number and key string must match on the
neighbouring routers
using route map
(config-router)# neighbor [Link] serial 0/0
(config)# route-map RM deny 8
(config-route-map)# match ip address prefix-list
ANY
(config)# route-map RM permit 20
(config-router)# distribute-list route-map RM out
static config
when configured on an interface no dynamic
neighboring will work on that interface
(config)# ip route [Link] [Link] S 0/0
(config-router)# network [Link]
less exact than OSPF, so they don't have to
have the same masks but the neighbor IP
should be in the range of addresses for the
subnet as known to the local router
same subnet
Default Routes
Requirements
not passive
2 options
flag a route for a classful network as a route that
can be used as a default route
(config)# ip default-network [Link]
(config-router)# network [Link]
same AS number
Can be done at any router
same K values
little practical importance
Route Summarization
same rules as OSPF
(config-if)# ip summary-address eigrp 50
[Link] [Link] 5
When auto-summary is enabled, EIGRP will not
support discontiguous classful networks
Router ID
matters when injecting external routes into
EIGRP, the injecting router must have unique
RID
default is 4
(config-router)# maximum-paths 6
to allow unequal load sharing
Load balancing
(config-router)# variance 2
only FS can be placed on the routing table
Sami Alsubhi
V 1.2
100,000 and 100
