COST EFFECTIVE
COSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES
Guided by
Mrs. Sudheena
Asst. Professor
Dept.of Civil Engg.
MCE,Chirayinkeezhu
Presented by
Shahana Shah
S7 Civil
Roll No 34
MCE,Chirayinkeezhu
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CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
COST EFFECTIVE TECHNOLOGY
LOW COST CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGIES
VARIOUS COST EFFECTIVE MATERIALS AND TECHNIQUES
CASE STUDY
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
REMEDIAL MEASURES
CONCLUSIONS
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INTRODUCTION
The important need and everyones dream to have there own home with
individual needs.
India is a developing country, the economy haves importance.
The housing is so impacted with the cost based on construction.
There are various cost effective techniques of construction.
Lots of them also energy efficient and easily adoptable.
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COST EFFECTIVE TECHNOLOGY
APPROPRIATE HOUSING TECHNOLOGY
IMPROVEMENT IN TRADITION TECHNOLOGY
APPROPRIATE HOUSING TECHNOLOGY
Widening gap between demand and production of housing.
High rate of increase in population and production of fewer houses
on account on increasing cost of construction.
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IMPROVEMENT IN TRADITION TECHNOLOGY
Lack of effort in evolving and adopting appropriate
technology.
New materials, construction techniques and methods have
been evolved.
LOW COST CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGIES
Reducing construction cost by the reduction of quantity of building
material through improved and innovative techniques.
Do not compromise with safety and security of the buildings.
FOUNDATION
Arch foundation is used.
Brick or concrete blocks can be made to resist lateral forces.
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WALLING
Rat trap bond technology is used.
Alternative brick bonding system for English and Flemish Bond.
Reduce mortar consumption.
Making the house thermally comfortable.
ROOFING
A filler slab roofing system is used.
The upper part of the slab is subjected to compressive forces and
the lower part slab experience tensile forces.
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Concrete is very good in withstanding compressive forces and
steel bears the load due to tensile forces.
The low tensile region of the slab does not need any concrete
except for holding steel reinforcements together.
FLOORING
Generally made of terracotta tiles or colour oxides.
Bedding is made out of broken brick bats.
Various patterns and designs are used.
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PLASTERING
It can be avoided on the walls.
Maintenance is avoided.
Properly protected brick wall will never loose its color or finish.
DOORS AND WINDOWS
Avoiding frames can considerably reduce timber cost.
Door planks are screwed together with strap iron hinges to form
doors.
Doors are carried by holdfast.
Simple pivoted windows are used.
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ARCH FOUNDATION
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RAT TRAP BOND
TECHNOLOGY
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FILLER SLAB ROOFING SYSTEM
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TERRACOTTA TILES
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VARIOUS COST EFFECTIVE MATERIALS
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
Stabilized compressed earth block.
Fly ash gypsum stabilized mud blocks.
Fly ash-lime gypsum products.
Clay red mud burnt bricks.
Precast stone blocks.
Precast concrete blocks.
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Stabilized
compressive earth
blocks
Made of mud stabilized
with 5% cement/lime etc.
Compacted in block making
machine with no burning.
A good walling material as
burnt bricks.
It is economical, stronger,
energy saving and simple to
manufacture.
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Fly ash gypsum
stabilized mud block
They are stronger with less
water absorption.
Cheaper than cement
stabilized blocks.
With 5-10% fly ash-G.
30% saving in the cement
could be achieved
Utilization of the waste
product like fly ash.
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Fly ash-lime gypsum
Products manufactured by
blending fly ash lime and
calcined gypsum for making a
useful product named Fal G.
Used a cementations material
for mortar/plaster and for
masonry blocks of any desired
strength.
It can also be used for road
pavements and plain concretes
in the form of Fal G concrete.
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Clay red mud burnt
bricks
Produced from alumina red
mud or bauxite.
Possess all the physical
properties normal clay bricks.
Solves the problems of disposal
of the waste product and
environmental pollution.
Have good architectural value
as facing bricks due to their
pleasing hues of colours.
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Precast stone blocks
Larger size than normal
bricks.
Manufactured by using waste
stone pieces of various sizes
with lean cement concrete.
Shaping stones in this
manner, enables speedy
construction, saves on
cement reduces thickness of
stone walls and effects overall
saving by eliminating plasters
on internal /external wall
surfaces.
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Precast concrete blocks
Made to similar dimensions of
stone blocks without large size
stone pieces.
Using coarse and fine graded
cement.
They have excellent properties
comparable to other masonry
blocks.
Cheaper.
Facilitate speedy construction.
Suitable where quality clay for
bricks making is not available.
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CASE STUDY
AUROVILLE EARTH INSTITUTE
Auroville, the city the earth needsand the earth the city needs
It was found by HUDCO, government of india in1989.
The Auroville earth institute has become one of the worlds top
centres for excellence in earthen architecture.
Auroville can show a wide variety of earthen projects; public
buildings, schools, apartment, and individual houses.
Earthen buildings have the advantages of using local resources and
being labour intensive.
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Fig: Training centre of Auroville earth institute
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Fig: Water proofing research centre
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Fig: Realization project
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Fig: Auroville Workshop
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ADVANTAGES
Minimum wastage of bricks using rat trap construction.
Reduce heat transmission due to vapours barrier, so it allows the building
in cool condition.
Saving in cement, steel, aggregate, brick etc.
Reduces plastering and painting charges.
Good aesthetic appearances.
Reduce timber construction.
Reduce water seepage in wall due to provision of plastering near the joints
of brick.
It gives grand interior look.
Form work cost in reduced.
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DISADVANTAGES
Termites problem.
Fading of brick colour.
Exposed writing work.
Nails cannot be placed in walls.
Wastage of mortar during construction of rat trap bond.
Labour charge for cleaning the bricks may increased after
construction.
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REMEDIAL MEASURES TO OVERCOME
DISADVANTAGES
To overcome termites problem and fading of bricks, the brick Cornish
can be applied; it may increase 2% of total cost of construction.
The wastage of mortar and cleaning the bricks can be minimized by
providing skilled labour in construction.
If the location of the nails is predetermined the mode of construction
is slightly charged so that the nail cab is placed in the wall.
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CONCLUSION
The dreaming of owning a house particularly for low-income and
middle-income families is becoming a difficult reality.
Construction cost and labour cost can be saved by using the low cost
housing technologies in comparison with the traditional construction
methods.
It was found that the cost effective building cost is 30% lesser than
conventional type building cost.
It is necessary to adopt cost effective, innovative and environmentfriendly housing technologies for the construction.
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REFERENCE
S.Deepak,V.A.Shanmugavelu
Cost effective techniques used in modern construction projects
Vivian.W.Y.Tam
Cost effectiveness of using low cost housing technology
P.P.Bhangale
Cost reduction through cost effective construction techniques
Gopal Dharmaraja
Cost effective building technology
Vidhya Devi
Low cost housing
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THANK YOU
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