RST-330

2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Troubleshooting MPLS for

Traffic Engineering
Session RST-330

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Agenda
Introduction
Configuration
Verifying Your Configuration
Monitoring the State of the Tunnel
Finding the Root Cause of the Problem
Common Problem Scenarios
Summary
RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Agenda
Introduction
Configuration
Verifying Your Configuration
Monitoring the State of the Tunnel
Finding the Root Cause of the Problem
Common Problem Scenarios
Summary
RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Introduction

Background
Prerequisites
Knowledge of IP routing
MPLS basics
Cisco CLI (right IOS)

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Agenda
Introduction
Configuration
Verifying Your Configuration
Monitoring the State of the Tunnel
Finding the Root Cause of the Problem
Common Problem Scenarios
Summary
RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Configuration

Common configuration (all nodes)

Headend configuration

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Example SP Network

7200a
2/0
3/1/0
7500a

POP B

POP A

Gateway Router

12.12.12.12

3/0

MPLS-TE Tunnel

2/1

19
2/1/0

12008a
2/0 12008a

3/1
1/1

3/0
1/0

Core Router

24

2/1
12008b
12008b

3/0

7200b
2/0

POP

Core 2/0
Router
2/1/0

Gateway Router

Gateway Router
External
BGP Routes
171.68.0.0/16

3/1/0
7500b

Gateway Router

7200a

7500a

12008a

7200a

4.4.4.4 (loop)

10.0.1.0

10.0.3.0

7500a

10.0.1.0

3.3.3.3 (lo0)

10.0.2.0

12008a

10.0.3.0

10.0.2.0

5.5.5.5

12008b

12008b

10.0.4.0 (3/0)
10.0.5.0 (1/0)
10.0.4.0 (3/1)
10.0.5.0 (1/1)

7200b

7500b

10.0.17.0

10.0.19.0

7200b

10.0.17.0

12.12.12.12 (lo0)

10.0.18.0

7500b

10.0.19.0

10.0.18.0

13.13.13.13 (lo0)

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Configuration

Common configuration (all nodes)

Headend configuration

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

10

Common Configuration

Global configuration
Interface level configuration
Routing protocol configuration

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

11

Global Configuration

ip cef <distributed>
mpls traffic-eng tunnels

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

12

Interface Level Configuration

mpls traffic-eng tunnels

ip rsvp bandwidth 155000 155000 <subpool 40000>
mpls traffic-eng administrative-weight <0-4294967295>
mpls traffic-eng attribute-flags<0x00xFFFFFFFF>
mpls traffic-eng backup-path tunnel
mpls traffic-eng flooding thresholds up/down <1-100>

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

13

Routing Protocol Configuration

OSPF:
mpls traffic-eng area <0-4294967295>
mpls traffic-eng router-id loopback0

ISIS:
mpls traffic-eng <level1/level2>
mpls traffic-eng router-id loopback0
metric-style wide

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

14

Configuration

Common configuration (all nodes)

Headend configuration

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

15

Headend Configuration
- interface tunnel 1
tunnel destination 12.12.12.12
ip unnumbered loopback0
tunnel mode mpls traffic-eng
tunnel mpls traffic-eng affinity 0x0 mask 0x1
tunnel mpls traffic-eng autoroute (metric|absolute|relative)|announce
tunnel mpls traffic-eng bandwidth 155000 <sub-pool 40000>
tunnel mpls traffic-eng fast-reroute
tunnel mpls traffic-eng path-option 5 explicit name path-list1
tunnel mpls traffic-eng path-option 6 dynamic
tunnel mpls traffic-eng priority 7 7
tunnel mpls traffic-eng record-route
RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

16

Headend Configuration (Cont.)

- ip explicit-path name path-list1 enable

next-address 10.0.3.5
next-address 10.0.5.11 (11.11.11.11)
next-address 10.0.17.12
next-address 12.12.12.12

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

17

Agenda
Introduction
Configuration
Verifying Your Configuration
Monitoring the State of the Tunnel
Finding the Root Cause of the Problem
Common Problem Scenarios
Summary
RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

18

Verifying Your Configuration

show run
show run interface tunnel 1
show run interface pos 3/0
show run | begin ^router ospf

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

19

Verifying Your Configuration

mpls-7200a#show run interface tunnel 1

Building configuration...
Current configuration:
interface Tunnel1
ip unnumbered Loopback0
no ip directed-broadcast
no ip route-cache cef
tunnel destination 12.12.12.12
tunnel mode mpls traffic-eng
tunnel mpls traffic-eng path-option 1 explicit name sbp
end

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

20

Verifying Your Configuration

mpls-7200a#show run interface pos 3/0
Building configuration...
Current configuration:
!
interface POS3/0
ip address 10.0.3.4 255.255.255.0
no ip directed-broadcast
load-interval 30
mpls traffic-eng tunnels
tag-switching ip
crc 32
clock source internal

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

21

Verifying Your Configuration

mpls-7200a#show run | begin ^router ospf

router ospf 100
log-adjacency-changes
auto-cost reference-bandwidth 100000
network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0 area 0
network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 area 0
mpls traffic-eng router-id Loopback0
mpls traffic-eng area 0
!

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

22

Agenda
Introduction
Configuration
Verifying Your Configuration
Monitoring the State of the Tunnel
Finding the Root Cause of the Problem
Common Problem Scenarios
Summary
RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

23

Monitoring the State of the Tunnel

show ip interface brief
show interface tunnel 1
show mpls traffic-eng tunnels brief
show mpls traffic-eng tunnels t1
show mpls traffic-eng tunnels summary
show mpls traffic-eng role head

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

24

Monitoring the State of the Tunnel

mpls-7200a#show mpls traffic-eng tunnels brief
Signalling Summary:
LSP Tunnels Process:

running

RSVP Process:

running

Forwarding:

enabled

Periodic reoptimization:
2434 seconds

every 3600 seconds, next in

TUNNEL NAME
IF
STATE/PROT

DESTINATION

UP IF

mpls-7200a_t0
unknown
up/down

12.12.12.12

mpls-7200a_t1
up/up

12.12.12.12

DOWN

PO3/0

Displayed 2 (of 2) heads, 0 (of 0) midpoints, 0 (of 0) tails

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

25

Monitoring the State of the Tunnel

mpls-7200a#show mpls traffic-eng tunnels t1
Name: mpls-7200a_t1
12.12.12.12

(Tunnel1) Destination:

Status:
Admin: up
connected

Oper: up

Path: valid

Signalling:

path option 1, type explicit sbp (Basis for Setup, path weight 3)
Config Parameters:
Bandwidth: 0
0x0/0xFFFF
AutoRoute:

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

disabled

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

kbps (Global)

Priority: 7

Affinity:

LockDown: disabled

26

Monitoring the State of the Tunnel

InLabel

OutLabel : POS3/0, 19
RSVP Signalling Info:
Src 4.4.4.4, Dst 12.12.12.12, Tun_Id 1, Tun_Instance 64
RSVP Path Info:
My Address: 4.4.4.4
Explicit Route: 10.0.3.5 10.0.5.11 10.0.17.12 12.12.12.12
Record

Route:

NONE

Tspec: ave rate=0 kbits, burst=1000 bytes, peak rate=0 kbits

RSVP Resv Info:
Record

Route:

NONE

Fspec: ave rate=0 kbits, burst=1000 bytes, peak rate=Inf

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

27

Monitoring the State of the Tunnel

Shortest Unconstrained Path Info:

Path Weight: 3
Explicit Route: 10.0.3.5 10.0.5.11 10.0.17.12 12.12.12.12
History:
Current LSP:
Uptime: 31 days, 17 hours, 45 minutes
Prior LSP:
ID: path option 1 [15]
Removal Trigger: path verification failed

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

28

Monitoring the State of the Tunnel

mpls-7200a#show mpls traffic-eng tunnels summary

Signalling Summary:
LSP Tunnels Process:

running

RSVP Process:

running

Forwarding:

enabled

Head: 2 interfaces, 1 active signalling attempts, 1 established

7 activations, 6 deactivations
Midpoints: 0, Tails: 0
Periodic reoptimization:
seconds

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

every 3600 seconds, next in 1510

29

Agenda
Introduction
Configuration
Verifying Your Configuration
Monitoring the State of the Tunnel
Finding the Root Cause of the Problem
Common Problem Scenarios
Summary
RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

30

Finding the Root Cause of the Problem

Has to Be Related to One of These

Someone configured it wrong?

I have never ever made a configuration error!

Ok, sometimes I do; so how do I find out

what has gone wrong?

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

31

Finding the Root Cause of the Problem

How MPLSTE Works

Information distribution
Path calculation
Path setup
Forwarding traffic down a tunnel

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

32

Finding the Root Cause of the Problem

Is the Information Distribution Correct?

show ip ospf database opaque-area

show isis database verbose gsr2.00-00
debug ip ospf mpls traffic-eng
advertisements
debug isis mpls traffic-eng (adv/events)

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

33

Finding the Root Cause of the Problem

How Is the Headend Coming to This
Conclusion? (PCALC)
show mpls traffic-eng topology brief
show mpls traffic-eng topology igp-id ospf
11.11.11.11
show mpls traffic-eng tunnels topology path
destination 12.12.12.12 <bandwidth | priority |
affinity>
show mpls traffic-eng tunnels topology path
tunnel1 <bandwidth | priority | affinity>
RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

34

Finding the Root Cause of the Problem

What Do the Mid-Points and Tail Look Like?

show mpls traffic-eng link-management

<advertisements | admission-control |
bandwidth>
show ip rsvp <reservation | interface>
debug mpls traffic-eng link-management
<advertisements | admission-control |
bandwidth>

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

35

Finding the Root Cause of the Problem

Headend Thinks There Is a Viable Path;
Could There Be a Signaling Problem?

show mpls traffic-eng tunnel t1

debug ip rsvp path 101 detail
debug ip rsvp resv 101 detail

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

36

Finding the Root Cause of the Problem

Is the Traffic Mapped to the Tunnel Correctly?

show ip route 171.68.0.0

show ip cef 171.68.0.0 <detail | internal>

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

37

Agenda
Introduction
Configuration
Verifying Your Configuration
Monitoring the State of the Tunnel
Finding the Root Cause of the Problem
Common Problem Scenarios
Summary
RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

38

Common Problem Scenarios

My tunnel does not come up
My tunnel is up but no traffic is going down
the tunnel
Traffic is going down the tunnel but is
being black-holed somewhere in the middle
I added a new path option but traffic is still
taking the old path
I cannot get load balancing to work
RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

39

My Tunnel Does Not Come Up

Is it admin down?
Is the path valid?
What is the signaling state?

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

40

My Tunnel Does Not Come Up

Is It Admin Down?

mpls-7200a#show mpls traffic-eng tunnel t1

Name: mpls-7200a_t1
12.12.12.12

(Tunnel1) Destination:

Status:
Admin: admin-down Oper: down
Down

Path: not valid

Signalling:

path option 1, type explicit sbp

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

41

My Tunnel Does Not Come Up

Is the Path Valid?

mpls-7200a#sh mpls traffic-eng tunnel t1

Name: mpls-7200a_t1
Destination: 12.12.12.12

(Tunnel1)

Status:
Admin: up
Signalling: Down

Oper: down

Path: not valid

path option 1, type explicit sbp

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

42

My Tunnel Does Not Come Up

Why Is the Path Not Valid?

debug mpls traffic-eng path

mpls-7200a#debug mpls traffic-eng path lookup
TE-PCALC: Tunnel1 Path Setup to 12.12.12.12: FULL_PATH
8w4d: TE-PCALC: bw 0, min_bw 0, metric: 0
8w4d: TE-PCALC: setup_pri 7, hold_pri 7
8w4d: TE-PCALC: affinity_bits 0x0, affinity_mask 0xFFFF
8w4d: TE-PCALC_PATH: create_path_hoplist:ip addr 10.0.5.11
unknown.

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

43

My Tunnel Does Not Come Up

Why Is Link 10.0.5.11 Unknown?
mpls-7200a#show mpls traffic-eng topology igp-id ospf 11.11.11.11
brief
IGP Id: 11.11.11.11, MPLS TE Id:11.11.11.11 Router Node
link[0 ]:Nbr IGP Id: 12.12.12.12, gen:28
frag_id 1, Intf Address:10.0.17.11, Nbr Intf
Address:10.0.17.12
admin_weight:1, attribute_flags:0x0
link[1 ]:Nbr IGP Id: 5.5.5.5, gen:28
frag_id 2, Intf Address:10.0.4.11, Nbr Intf
Address:10.0.4.5
admin_weight:1, attribute_flags:0x0

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

44

Traffic Not Going Down the Tunnel

Is the traffic statically mapped?

Are you using auto-route announce?
Do you have an ip address for your
tunnel? (ip unnumbered loop0)

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

45

Traffic Not Going Down the Tunnel

If It Is NOT Taking the Tunnel
mpls-7200a#show ip cef 171.68.0.0
171.68.0.0/16, version 161, cached adjacency to POS3/0
0 packets, 0 bytes
tag information from 12.12.12.12/32, shared
local tag: 24
fast tag rewrite with PO3/0, point2point, tags imposed {27}
via 12.12.12.12, 0 dependencies, recursive
next hop 10.0.3.5, POS3/0 via 12.12.12.12/32
valid cached adjacency
tag rewrite with PO3/0, point2point, tags imposed {27}

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

46

Traffic Not Going Down the Tunnel

If It Is Taking the Tunnel
mpls-7200a#show ip cef 171.68.0.0
171.68.0.0/16, version 161
0 packets, 0 bytes
tag information from 12.12.12.12/32, shared, unshareable
local tag: 24
fast tag rewrite with Tu1, point2point, tags imposed {19}
via 12.12.12.12, 0 dependencies, recursive
next hop 12.12.12.12, Tunnel1 via 12.12.12.12/32
valid adjacency
tag rewrite with Tu1, point2point, tags imposed {19}

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

47

Traffic Not Going Down the Tunnel

If It Is Taking the Tunnel
mpls-7200a#show mpls traffic-eng autoroute
MPLS TE autorouting enabled
destination 12.12.12.12 has 1 tunnels
Tunnel1 (traffic share 0, nexthop 12.12.12.12)
mpls-7200a#show ip cef 171.68.0.0
171.68.0.0/16, version 161
0 packets, 0 bytes
tag information from 12.12.12.12/32, shared
local tag: 24
fast tag rewrite with Tu1, point2point, tags imposed {19}
via 12.12.12.12, 0 dependencies, recursive
next hop 12.12.12.12, Tunnel1 via 12.12.12.12/32
valid adjacency
tag rewrite with Tu1, point2point, tags imposed {19}
RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

48

Traffic Not Going Down the Tunnel

Tunnel is up/up

mpls-7200a#show mpls tr tun t1 brief

Signalling Summary:
LSP Tunnels Process:
running
RSVP Process:
running
Forwarding:
enabled
Periodic reoptimization:
every 3600 seconds, next in 3058 seconds
Periodic fastreroute:
every 300 seconds, next in 58 seconds
Periodic auto-bw collection:
every 300 seconds, next in 58 seconds
TUNNEL NAME
DESTINATION
UP IF
DOWN IF
STATE/PROT
Primary tunnel 7200a->12008a... 12.12.12.12
PO3/0
up/up

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

49

Traffic Not Going Down the Tunnel

Tunnel is up/up

No traffic over the tunnel interface:

mpls-7200a#show ip cef tunnel 1
Prefix

Next Hop

Interface

mpls-7200a#

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

50

Traffic Not Going Down the Tunnel

Tunnel is up/up
Do we have static route or autoroute announce?:
interface Tunnel1
description Primary tunnel 7200a->12008a->12008c->7200c
no ip address
tunnel destination 12.12.12.12
tunnel mode mpls traffic-eng
tunnel mpls traffic-eng autoroute announce
tunnel mpls traffic-eng path-option 5 explicit name primary
tunnel mpls traffic-eng path-option 6 dynamic
tunnel mpls traffic-eng record-route
end

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

51

Traffic Not Going Down the Tunnel

Oops no ip address on tunnel interface!
interface Tunnel1
description Primary tunnel 7200a->12008a->12008c->7200c
no ip address
no ip directed-broadcast
no ip route-cache cef
tunnel destination 12.12.12.12
tunnel mode mpls traffic-eng
tunnel mpls traffic-eng autoroute announce
tunnel mpls traffic-eng priority 7 7
tunnel mpls traffic-eng bandwidth 100
tunnel mpls traffic-eng path-option 5 explicit name primary
tunnel mpls traffic-eng path-option 6 dynamic
tunnel mpls traffic-eng record-route
end
RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

52

Traffic Not Going Down the Tunnel

IP addresses added back to tunnel interface
interface Tunnel1
description Primary tunnel 7200a->12008a->12008c->7200c
ip unnumbered Loopback0
no ip directed-broadcast
no ip route-cache cef
tunnel destination 12.12.12.12
tunnel mode mpls traffic-eng
tunnel mpls traffic-eng autoroute announce
tunnel mpls traffic-eng priority 7 7
tunnel mpls traffic-eng bandwidth 100
tunnel mpls traffic-eng path-option 5 explicit name primary
tunnel mpls traffic-eng path-option 6 dynamic
tunnel mpls traffic-eng record-route
end
RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

53

Traffic Not Going Down the Tunnel

Traffic flows over tunnel1 once again

mpls-7200a#show ip cef tunnel 1

Prefix
Next Hop
10.0.18.0/24
10.0.3.5
0.0.0.0
10.0.87.0/24
10.0.3.5
0.0.0.0
10.1.1.1/32
0.0.0.0
10.1.1.2/32
0.0.0.0
12.12.12.12/32
0.0.0.0
171.68.0.0/16
12.12.12.12

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Interface
POS3/0
Tunnel1
POS3/0
Tunnel1
Tunnel1
Tunnel1
Tunnel1
Tunnel1

54

Traffic Going Down Tunnel

but Getting Black-Holed

Determine location of black hole

Cause of black hole

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

55

Where Is the Black Hole?

Using traceroute
Is MPLS forwarding the problem?
Use IP packets with options set

Using counters
show mpls forwarding detail (midpoints)
show interface tunnel 1 (headend)

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

56

Cause of the Black-Holing

Are packets arriving with a label?

Is this the label we are expecting to
receive?

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

57

Cause of the Black-Holing

Check the labels manually for correct mapping

Headend should have imposed a label of 19
Midpoint1 should label-swap it with 24
Midpoint2 should pop the label

show ip cef
show mpls forwarding

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

58

Example SP Network

7200a
2/0
3/1/0
7500a

POP B

POP A

Gateway Router

12.12.12.12

3/0

MPLS-TE Tunnel

2/1

19
2/1/0

12008a
2/0 12008a

3/1
1/1

3/0
1/0

Core Router

24

2/1
12008b
12008b

3/0

7200b
2/0

POP

Core 2/0
Router
2/1/0

Gateway Router

Gateway Router
External
BGP Routes
171.68.0.0/16

3/1/0
7500b

Gateway Router

7200a

7500a

12008a

7200a

4.4.4.4 (loop)

10.0.1.0

10.0.3.0

7500a

10.0.1.0

3.3.3.3 (lo0)

10.0.2.0

12008a

10.0.3.0

10.0.2.0

5.5.5.5

12008b

12008b

10.0.4.0 (3/0)
10.0.5.0 (1/0)
10.0.4.0 (3/1)
10.0.5.0 (1/1)

7200b

7500b

10.0.17.0

10.0.19.0

7200b

10.0.17.0

12.12.12.12 (lo0)

10.0.18.0

7500b

10.0.19.0

10.0.18.0

13.13.13.13 (lo0)

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

59

Cause of the Black-Holing

Headend mpls-7200a
mpls-7200a#show ip cef 171.68.0.0
171.68.0.0/16, version 161
0 packets, 0 bytes
tag information from 12.12.12.12/32, shared
local tag: 24
fast tag rewrite with Tu1, point2point, tags imposed {19}
via 12.12.12.12, 0 dependencies, recursive
next hop 12.12.12.12, Tunnel1 via 12.12.12.12/32
valid adjacency
tag rewrite with Tu1, point2point, tags imposed {19}

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

60

Cause of the Black-Holing

Midpoint1 mpls-12008a
mpls-7200a#show ip cef 171.68.0.0
171.68.0.0/16, version 161
0 packets, 0 bytes
tag information from 12.12.12.12/32, shared
local tag: 24
fast tag rewrite with Tu1, point2point, tags imposed {19}
via 12.12.12.12, 0 dependencies, recursive
next hop 12.12.12.12, Tunnel1 via 12.12.12.12/32
valid adjacency
tag rewrite with Tu1, point2point, tags imposed {19}

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

61

Cause of the Black-Holing

Midpoint1 mpls-12008a

mpls-12008a#show mpls forwarding-table labels 19 detail

Local

Outgoing

Prefix

Bytes tag

Outgoing

tag

tag or VC

or Tunnel Id

switched

interface

19

24

4.4.4.4 1 [8324]

22932234

PO1/0

Next Hop

point2point

MAC/Encaps=4/8, MTU=4474, Tag Stack{24}

0F008847 00018000
No output feature configured

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

62

Cause of the Black-Holing

Incoming Eng2 Line Card on GSR?
mpls-12008c#execute-on slot 1 show controller psa phb <detail>
========= Line Card (Slot 1) =======

---- PSA(phb) 0 - HDLC TAG packet: top tag 24 cos 0 ttl 0xFD
IP:

vers 4 hl 5 tos 0x0 tl 100 ttl 0xFF proto icmp

src 4.4.4.4 dst 12.12.12.12

bufhdr: loq 0x001F oq 0x001F stoff 20 l3 size 100

tagrew: loq ABBA mtu 45489 oq ABBA ai 45489 oi ABBAB1B1 oacl ABBA (encaps
size 11)

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

63

I Added a New Path Option but

Traffic Is Still Taking the Old Path

Is new path valid?

Has reoptimization timer kicked in?
Show mpls traffic-eng summary
Force reoptimization:
mpls traffic-eng reoptimize <tunnel>

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

64

I Cannot Get Load Balancing to Work

Is it supposed to load balance
Load balancing per packet?
Load balancing per destination (default)
MPLS-TE picks one of the links
If you need to force load-balancing build separate
tunnels over each link

Unequal Cost Load Balancing

show ip cef 12.12.12.12 internal
Shows load share tables
Unequal cost load sharing possible

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

65

Agenda
Introduction
Configuration
Verifying Your Configuration
Monitoring the State of the Tunnel
Finding the Root Cause of the Problem
Common Problem Scenarios
Summary
RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

66

Summary

Know your MPLS-TE components:

OSPF/ISIS flooding, RSVP, MPLS, general
troubleshooting skills

Zero in on the problem (related to

component) and use the right tool
Be systematic

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

67

Troubleshooting MPLS for

Traffic Engineering
Session RST-330

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

68

Please Complete Your

Evaluation Form
Session RST-330

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c2

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

69

RST-330
2927_05_2001_c1

2001, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

70