EXPT # 6
Two port Network Z Parameters
Aim of the Expt:
1.Understand two port circuits
2.Calculate Z parameters for two port
networks
3.Use Multisim to find Z parameters for given
circuit
Circuit A for experiment
Manual Calculation for parameters Z11 & Z21
A DC test voltage source of 1 V is applied to the input
port with the output port open circuited.
Let I1 be the current flowing through mesh 1 containing
3K and 1K and I2 be the current flowing through
mesh 2 containing 10K.
Mesh 1:
4kI1-3kI2= 1 .. (1)
Mesh 2:
16kI2 = 3kI1 .. (2)
From equations (1) & (2) we get,
I1 = 290.9A
I2 = 54.5A
V2 = 3kI2 + 1kI1 = 454.54 mV
Z11 = 1/I1 = 6875/2 = 3.438 k
Z21 = V2/I1 = 1.563 k
Manual Calculation for parameters Z22 & Z12
A DC test voltage source of 1 V is applied to the output
port with input port open circuited.
Let I2 be the current flowing through mesh 1 containing
3K and 1K and I2 be the current flowing through
mesh 2 containing 10K.
Mesh 1:
4kI2-3kI2= 1 .. (1)
Mesh 2:
16kI2 = 3kI2 .. (2)
From equations (1) & (2) we get,
I2 = 290.9A
I2 = 54.5A
V1 = 3KI2 + 1KI2 = 454.54 mV
Z22 = 1/I2 = 6875/2 = 3.438 k
Z12 = V1/I2 = 1.563 k
Simulation of circuit A for parameters Z11 & Z21
I1 = 290.767 A
Z11 = 1/(290.767 A) = 3.439 k
Z21 = V2/I1 = (454.544 mV)/(290.767 A) = 1.563
k
Simulation of circuit A for parameters Z22 & Z12
I2 = 290.767 A
Z22 = 1/(290.767 A) = 3.439 k
Z12 = (454.544 mV)/(290.767 A) = 1.563 k
Z
Parameter
s
Z11
Z12
Z21
Z22
(k)
(k)
(k)
(k)
3.439
1.563
1.563
3.439
3.438
1.563
1.563
3.438
Simulated
Calculated
Questions:
1. Explain whether this two-port circuit is
reciprocal, and why?
Ans: The two port circuit will be reciprocal if
interchanging an ideal voltage source at one port
with an ideal ammeter at the other port gives the
same ammeter reading.
A test voltage of 1 V is applied at the input port
and the output port is short circuited , the short
circuit current is measured.
I2 = 167 A
Now the points of excitation and response are
reversed i.e. the test voltage is applied at the
output port and the input port is short circuited.
I1 = 167 A
Since I1 = I2 the reciprocity theorem is satisfied,
the given two port circuit is reciprocal. The two
port network is reciprocal since the forward and
reverse transfer impedances i.e. Z12 & Z21 are
equal i.e. the network is bilateral.
2. Explain whether this two-port circuit is
symmetric, and why?
Ans: To test for symmetry of the given two port circuit
we open circuit one port say output port and apply a
test voltage at the other port and measure the current
emanating from voltage source.
I1 = 291 A
With input port open and voltage applied at the output
port.
I2 = 291 A
Since I1 = I2 the network is symmetrical. For the given
two port network the driving point impedances Z11 and
Z22 are equal as calculated before which makes the
network symmetrical.
3. Run the simulation for a loaded two
port network as shown in Figure 3 and
find the voltage and current gain. Vs=
10 V DC, Gv=V2/Vs and current gain
Gi=I2/I1.
Since the impedance parameters of the above 2 port
network are known, the black box can be replaced by an
equivalent model which is described by the same set of
equations. The given two port network is reciprocal and
hence can be replaced by T equivalent model.
V2 = 180.146 mV
I2 = 180 A
I1 = 96.4 mA
GV = 180.146/10 = 1.8015 * 10^-3
Gi = I2/I1 = 180 A/96.4 mA = 1.8672 * 10^-3
