CS 416
Web Programming
Ruby on RAILS
Chapter 3
Dr. Williams
Central Connecticut State University
Based on Ruby on Rails Tutorial: Learn Web Development with Rails.
Copyright 2016 by Michael Hartl.
A look ahead
How views work in rails
Avoiding duplication
Automated testing
Getting started
Create new app: sample_app
Copy Gemfile from Listing 3.2 in book
Then install
bundle install --without production
bundle update
Then create git repository
git init
git add .
git commit -m "Initial version"
git remote add origin.
git push -u origin all
Then start a new branch for this work
git checkout -b static-pages
Generate controller
Create a controller to handle pages that dont need data
access
First argument the name of the controller
Remaining arguments the actions/views to attach
rails generate controller StaticPages home help
(note this is identical to specifying generate static_pages)
Push through git
git add .
git commit -m "Add Static Pages Controller"
git push -u origin static-pages
Undo for rails
The undo for generation in Rails is the destroy
command:
rails generate controller StaticPages home help
rails destroy controller StaticPages home help
rails generate model User name:string email:string
rails destroy model User
Database equivalent is rollback or migrate to specific prior version
rails db:migrate
rails db:rollback
rails db:migrate VERSION=0
Rails and testing
Designed to make regression testing very easy
Create tests as go, at any point can rerun tests to
see if broke something previously working
With test-driven development (TDD) you know
when you have completed each development
goal
When to write tests guidelines if not TDD
Always write tests of security model
Code that is especially likely to break
Anytime bug is found write test to protect
against it in future
Write tests before refactoring code
Lean against writing tests against detailed
HTML structure as likely to change in the future
Tests
From test/controllers/static_pages_controller_test.rb
class StaticPagesControllerTest <
ActionDispatch::IntegrationTest
test "should get home" do
get static_pages_home_url
assert_response :success
end
test "should get help" do
get static_pages_help_url
assert_response :success
end
end
Execute the tests:
rails test or
Passes
rails t
Test first approach
Create a new test case for about page in:
test/controllers/static_pages_controller_test.rb
Sanity check of test
rails test
Fails (as expected)
Add about by hand
Add route
Still fails
Add controller action for about
Still fails
Create view:
app/views/static_pages/about.html.erb
Passes
Add some content for page
In Groups - Compare and contrast basics
Online retailer has multiple product categories and
associated with each of the categories are multiple
products (a product can only belong to one category).
There should be:
A page to display a list of categories
A page displays a list of products, and
A page that displays a single category showing its detail and
all of its products.
Design an MVC architecture solution for this same
description in both Java and Rails including DB design.
Create bullet point list of similarity/differences at each
component.
For the last page diagram a step-by-step flow for each
architecture, pay particular attention to controller, model,
view interaction for this call
Dynamic pages and refactoring commonality
Want to add common style title for each page (home, help,
and about):
"Home | Ruby on Rails Tutorial Sample App
Follow TDD approach add test condition for each:
assert_select "title", "Home | Ruby on Rails
Tutorial Sample App"
Clean up redundancy with test setup and variables
def setup
@base_title = "Ruby on Rails Tutorial Sample App"
end
assert_select "title", "Home | #{@base_title}"
Run test
Fails (as expected)
Rails layouts
Common on most websites to have similar look
and feel, common includes etc
Layouts designed to provide shell for
commonality and only page specific area needs to
be handled by the view
See app/views/layouts/application.html.erb
Key component:
<%= yield %>
Making layouts dynamic
Key component:
<%= yield %>
Tells it to take output of view and insert it here
Outputting specific passed elements
<%= yield(:title) %>
Passing elements
<% provide(:title, "About") %>
Now put it together
Passes
Wrap up
Set root route to home page
root 'static_pages#home'
Commit
git add .
git commit m "Finish static pages"
Merge branch into master
git checkout master
git merge static-pages
git push
Test and push to cloud
rails test
git push heroku
