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Problemsheet 6

This document provides 20 problems involving matrix operations such as: 1. Verifying a Vandermonde determinant formula using row operations. 2. Showing that the determinant of a skew-symmetric matrix is zero. 3. Showing that a matrix A is invertible if and only if AB = 0 only when B = 0. 4. Solving various systems of linear equations. 5. Finding eigenvalues and eigenvectors of matrices. 6. Checking if matrices are diagonalizable. 7. Using diagonalization to compute high powers of matrices.

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Chirag Kothari
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
134 views

Problemsheet 6

This document provides 20 problems involving matrix operations such as: 1. Verifying a Vandermonde determinant formula using row operations. 2. Showing that the determinant of a skew-symmetric matrix is zero. 3. Showing that a matrix A is invertible if and only if AB = 0 only when B = 0. 4. Solving various systems of linear equations. 5. Finding eigenvalues and eigenvectors of matrices. 6. Checking if matrices are diagonalizable. 7. Using diagonalization to compute high powers of matrices.

Uploaded by

Chirag Kothari
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Matrix Operations

PROBLEM SHEET - 3

1. Use row operations to verify that 3 3 Vandermonde determinant is



1 a a2

1 b b2 = (b a)(c a)(c b)


1 c c2


0 a b
2. (a)Let A be a matrix given by A = a 0 c . Show that |A| = 0.

b c 0
(b) Show that determinant of a skew-symmetric matrix of order n n is zero.

3. Let A Cnn . Show that A is invertible iff for each B Cn1 , AB = 0 implies
that B = 0.

4. Solve the following linear systems :

(a) 3w + 2x + 2y z = 2
2x + 3y + 4z = 2
y 6z = 6

(b) y1 + 4y2 + y3 + 3y4 = 1


2y2 + y3 + 3y4 = 0
y1 + 3y2 + y3 + 2y4 = 1
2y2 + y3 + 6y4 = 0

(c) w x + y z = 1
w+xyz =1
wxy+z =2
4w 2x 2y = 1
1
2 MATRIX OPERATIONS

(d) 2x1 3x2 7x3 + 5x4 + 2x5 = 2


x1 2x2 4x3 + 3x4 + x5 = 2
2x1 4x3 + 2x4 + x5 = 3
x1 5x2 7x3 + 6x4 + 2x5 = 7

5. Show that the system x1 2x2 + x3 + 2x4 = 1, x1 + x2 x3 + x4 = 2,


x1 + 7x2 5x3 x4 = 3 has no solution.

3 6 2 1

2 4 1 3
6. Let A =
, for which (y1 , y2 , y3 , y4 ) does the system of
0 0 1 1

1 2 1 0
equations AX = Y have a solution ?

7. Show that the following linear system

x + y + kz = 1, x y z = 2, 2x + y 2z = 3 has no solution for k = 1


and has a unique solution for each k 6= 1.

8. Find the characteristic equation of the following real 3 3 matrix.



3 1 1 5 6 6
(a) 2 2 1 (b) 1 4 2

2 2 0 3 6 4

9. Let A and B be two n n matrices and assume that B is invertible. Then show
that characteristic polynomial of A is same as the charachtersitic polynomial of
B 1 AB. !
1 1
10. (a) Find the eigen values and eigen vectors of the matrix A = .
2 4
Verify that the trace equals the sum of the eigen values and the determinant
equals their product.

(b) If we shift to A 7I, what are the eigen values and eigen vectors and
how are they related to those of A?
MATRIX OPERATIONS 3

(c) Suppose that is an eigen value of A and x is an eigen vector ; AX = x.


Show that this same x is an eigen vector of B = A 7I, and find the eigen
value.

11. Find the eigen values and eigen vectors of


! !
3 4 a b
A= and A =
4 3 b a

12. Compute the eigen values of the following


! !
0 2 1 3
(a) A = and A1 (b) A = and A2 .
2 3 2 0
!
1 0
13. Find the eigen values of A, B and A + B, where A = and
1 1
!
1 1
B= .
0 1

14. Find the eigen values and eigen vectors of the matrix

3 0 0 0

0 2 0 0

0 0 0 2

0 0 2 0

15. Find the eigen values and a basis for the eigen spaces of the following matrices.

! ! 2 1 0 5 6 6
1 2 3 2
(a) (b) (c) 0 1 1 (d) 1 4 2

3 2 1 0
0 2 4 3 6 4

16. Check whether the following matrices are diagonalizable.



2 0 0 0
2 4 6
0 2 0 0
(a) A = 0 2 2 (b) A =

24 12 2 0
0 0 4

0 0 0 2
4 MATRIX OPERATIONS
!
4 3
17. If A = , find A100 by diagonalizing A.
1 2

18. Find "the #


matrix"A whose
# eigen values are 1 and 4 and whose eigen vectors are
3 2
A= and respectively.
1 1

19. Diagonalize A and compute P DP 1 to prove this formula for Ak ,


" # " #
k k k
3 1 3 3 2
where A = has Ak =
0 2 0 2k

20. Find the eigen values and eigen vectors of the following matrices. Show that
the eigen vectors form a 1-dimensional space.

" # 1 1 0
2 0
(a)A = (b)B = 0 1 1

1 2
0 0 1

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