MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

PROJECT ADVISORY
Prof. Vivek Garg
(Asst. Professor Civil Engg. Dept.)

PROJECT TEAM

1.Avalanche Saini (081111006)

2.Abhishek Sharma (081111010)
3.Tathagat Barodh (081111014)
4.Pratik Vaishnav (081111018)
5. Siddharth Soni (081111043)

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

Acknowledgement
We, the students are very grateful to many people who helped
and
supported us during the project. Our deepest thanks to our
guide
Prof. Vivek Garg (Asst. Professor) in Structure Engineering,
Department
of Civil Engineering, MANIT, Bhopal for his valuable help,
guidance and
suggestions during project studies.
2012
We would like to thank our honorable HOD Dr. Vishnu Prasad
for his
faith in us and last but not the least we would like to thank our
Director
of our Institute Dr. Appu Kuttan.

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project entitled TIME ESTIMATION
OF A BUILDING submitted by afore mentioned students to
the Department of Civil Engineering towards partial fulfillment
of curriculum requirement for 7-8th semester is a bonafide
record of the work carried out by them under my supervision.
They have carried out this project with utmost sincerity and
hard work.

Prof. Vivek Garg

(Project
guide)

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

Prof.
Vishnu Prasad
(HOD Civil
Engg. Department)

PREFACE
Time estimation is a process of calculating the approximate
time required for the completion of the project given the dead
line and start time of the project. Initially we focus on
deadlines, cost comes next.

The project database contains a lot of information, but at any

given time, you only need a portion of it to get to information.

This information can be interpreted in form of Gantt chart or

programmed evaluation review technique (PERT). The time
estimation of the project helps scheduling the activity. The
more accurate the time estimation more is the profit of
company.

In this project we are dealing with time estimation of a building.

We have used the basis as duration = work/resource effort.

Changing the resource effort we can change the duration of

completion of the activity.

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

The interdependency of activity plays a vital role in final

output. Some
activities are based on the relation start to finish, finish to
finish, finish
to start, start to start or overlapping dependency.

CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
6
2. NEED FOR TIME ESTIMATE
8
3. PROPOSED DESIGN 9
4. OPERATIONAL PLAN 10
5. STEPS FOR TIME ESTIMATION 11
Excavation
PCC work foundation
RCC work foundation
Plinth Beam
Columns
Slab beam and slab
Finishing
Flooring and tiling
Wood work
Steel work
Services

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

6. GANTT CHART 42
7. ABSTRACT 43
8. CONCLUSION 46
9. REFERENCES 47

INTRODUCTION
Accurate time estimation is a crucial skill in civil construction.
Without it, you won't know how long your project will take to
complete and the various steps adopted to complete it.

In current scenario everyone wants to have a perfect

construction with least investment and minimum time,
therefore time estimation before starting any project is a must.

By planning afore hand we can know which activity will take

how much time, we can also check the delays in the project.

CPM (Critical Path Method) and PERT (Programme Evaluation

Review Technique) are project management techniques, which
have been created to plan, schedule and control complex
projects.

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES

Excavation
PCC work for foundation
RCC work for foundation
o Reinforcement Tying
o Shuttering
o Concreting
Plinth
o Reinforcement Tying
o Shuttering
o Concreting

Columns
o Reinforcement Tying
o Shuttering
o Concreting
Slab beam and slab
o Reinforcement Tying
o Shuttering
o Concreting
Finishing
o Plastering
o White washing
o Painting
Flooring and tiling
Wood work
Steel work
Services
o Road work
o Sanitary installation
o Water supply
o Drainage
o Aluminum work

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

o Water proofing
o Electrical fitting

NEED FOR TIME ESTIMATION

For any major project proper time estimation prior to the
commencement of project is indispensible. It includes
scheduling of works, allotment of time duration for various
activities and marking of deadline.

Broadly speaking, time estimation comprises:

Scheduling of rates
Activity time
Event tie
CPM and PERT analysis
Representation by Gantt chart.

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

Plan of the building

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

OPERATIONAL PLAN
We have taken into account many factors, including task
dependencies,
constraints, and interruptions, such as holidays or vacation
days. Most
importantly we have scheduled each task using the formula.

Duration = Work/Resource effort, where:

1. Duration is the actual amount of time that passes before
the task is done.
2. Work is the effort required over a period of time to do the
task.
3. Resource effort is the amount of effort resources are
assigned to the task and their allocation.

For example, if:

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

Three painters work two days on a task, with an effort of 8

hours per day, the work for each resource is 16 hours: (2 days *
8 hours).
1. The total effort of the resources is 24 hours per day: (3
painters * 8 hours).
2. The total work for the task is 48 hours: (2 days * 8 hours *
3 painters).
3. The duration is 2 days: 48 hours / (3 painters * 8 hours).

So naturally if we increase resource effort then duration will

decrease.

PROJECT DEADLINE

WE HAVE ASSUMED THE PROJECT DEADLINE TO BE OF 7

MONTHS.

EXCAVATION
It comprises of digging of trenches, holes, foundations,
extracting the material from the ground by digging.

Machines used:
a. 2 JCB Digger
b. 6 dumpers

Efficiency of digger:
8 m3 digging and loading per hour.

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

Excavation per day:

64 m3 per day.

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

Pcc work

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

Providing and laying in situ 10 cm layer of cement concrete

in 1:2:4 for foundation and bedding. Newly laid concrete
shall be covered by gunny bag, plastic, tarpaulin etc.

No. of labors
a) 4 beldar
b)6 Mazdoors
c) 3/2 Bhistri
d) mason
Total efficiency is 5.66 m3 per day

Time required for total PCC WORK = total volume

work per
day
=47/5.66
=8.3 days

So, Time required for total PCC WORK is 8.3 days.

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

RCC WORK FOUNDATION

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

It includes laying of the reinforcement, centering and

shuttering of plain
area and laying of M-25.

Steps involved:
1) Laying reinforcement
2) Centering and shuttering
3) Laying of M-25

1) Laying of reinforcement.
Labors used
a. 4 Blacksmith
b. 4 Beldar

Efficiency of work
Can bend and lay 100kg/day.

The time for reinforcement of footing is 10.58days.

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

2) Centering and Shuttering.

Labors used:
a. 4 Beldar
b. 4 Carpenter.

Efficiency of work
4.8m2/day.

The time required for shuttering of footing is 11.28

days .

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

3) Laying M-25
Machinery and setup
a) Batching Plants
b) Mixers
c) Concrete Pumps
d) Dumpers
e) Concrete Placers

Efficiency: 45 m3/hr.

Time required for concreting of footing is 4 days.

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

PEDESTAL AND PLINTH BEAM

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

Steps involved:
1) Laying reinforcement
2) Centering and shuttering
3) Laying of M-25

1) Laying of reinforcement.
Labors used
a) 8 Blacksmith
b) 8 Beldar
Efficiency of work
Can bend and lay 100kg/day.
The time for reinforcement of plinth beam is 5.7 days.

2) Centering and Shuttering.

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

Labors used:
a. 4 Beldar
b. 4 Carpenters.

Efficiency of work
4.8m2/day.

The time required for shuttering of footing is 12.18

days.

3) Laying M-25

Machinery and setup

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

a) Batching Plants
b) Mixers
c) Concrete Pumps
d) Dumpers
e) Concrete Placers

Efficiency
45 m3/hr

Time required for concreting of plinth beam is 3 day.

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

COLUMNS
Steps involved:
1) Laying reinforcement
2) Centering and shuttering
3) Laying of M-25

1) Laying of reinforcement.
Labors used
a. 10Blacksmith
b. 10Beldar

Efficiency of work
Can bend and lay 100kg/day.

The time for reinforcement of footing is 9.1 days.

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

2) Centering and Shuttering.

Labors used:
a. 20 Beldar
b. 20 Carpenter.

Efficiency of work
4.8 m2/day.

The time required for shuttering column 12.41 days.

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

3) Laying M-25

Machinery and setup

a) Batching Plants
b) Mixers
c) Concrete Pumps
d) Dumpers
e) Concrete Placers

Efficiency
45 m3/hr.

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

Time required for concreting of column is 1 day

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

SLABS
Steps involved:

1) Laying reinforcement
2) Centering and shuttering
3) Laying of M-25

1) Laying of reinforcement.
Labors used
a. 16 Blacksmith
b. 16 Beldar
Efficiency of work
Can bend and lay 100kg/day per Beldar per Blacksmith.
The time for reinforcement is 2.85 days.

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

2) Centering and Shuttering.

Labours used:
a. 16 Beldar
b. 16 Carpenter.

Efficiency of work
4.8 m2/day.

The time required for shuttering is 12.28 days .

3) Laying M-25

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

Machinery and setup

a) Batching Plants
b) Mixers
c) Concrete Pumps
d) Dumpers
e) Concrete Placers

Efficiency: 100 m3/hr.

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

BRICK WORK
Erection of walls:
Types of wall:
200mm thick..
Labours used:
a. 2 mason.
b. 4 mazdoor
c. bishti.

Efficiency of work
2.83 m3/day.

WHITE WASHING

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

White wash, or calcimine, kalsomine or low cost type

of paint made from slaked lime(calcium hydroxide)
and chalk (whiting). Various other additives have also
been used. It is usually applied to exteriors - however
it is traditionally used internally in food preparation
areas -particularly rural dairies - for its mildly anti-
bacterial properties.

Labours used:
a. 1 whitewasher
b. 1 mazdoor.
Efficiency:
60 m3/day.

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

PAINTING
Painting involves coating the walls with distemper or
acrylic paint over the whitewash layer. It is intended
for aesthetic and hygienic purpose.

Labours used:
a. 6 painters
b. 4mazdoor.
Efficiency:
20 m3/day.

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

FLOORING/TILING
This involves laying of the tiles on the floor slab for its
finishing and aesthetical importance.

Labour used : 3 tile layer

Efficiency : 18 m2/day.

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

WOOD WORK (doors and windows)

Wood work includes installation of doors and

windows, sill and lintel frames, ventilators, etc.

Labour used:
a. 2 carpenters.
b. 1 beldar.
Efficiency : 0.18m3/day.

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

SANITARY INSTALLATIONS
This work includes installing water closets, wash
basins, other bathroom utilities in toilet and
bathrooms.

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

WIRING AND ELECTRICAL FITTINGS

This includes laying of the various electrical

networks within the building and installation of SDB,
main board and discrete sockets.

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

WATER SUPPLY

Proper water supply connections are a prerequisite for

any building construction. This work includes laying of
water supply network so as to meet various needs of
future inhabitants.

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

DRAINAGE

Sewerage works, waste water outlets, manholes,

underground drains comes under this category.

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

WATER PROOFING

This is done to prevent seepage of underground

waters from seeping into the structure due to the pore
water pressure. This construction is done at plinth
level.

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

GANTT CHART

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

ABSTRACT

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

CONCLUSION
The work started on January 2, 2012 and as per the
above mentioned time estimate it should complete

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

within 193 days i.e on July 12, 2012.

We have calculated time for each and every activity.

We have also checked individuality and dependency
of each activity.

For activities which cant run parallel, we have

considered separate time and which can run parallel
we have considered common time.

REFERENCES

IS 456:2000 Indian Standard Plain And

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MAJOR PROJECT: DESIGN AND TIME ESTIMATION OF A BUILDING

Reinforced Concrete.
IS 1786:1985 Indian Standard Specification For High
Strength Deformed Steel Bars And Wires For Concrete
Reinforcement.
http://www.interventions.org/pertcpm.html
Civil Engineering Graphics by BP Verma (khanna
publications).
http://www.ecf.utoronto.ca/apsc/courses/civ235s
/
A management guide to CPM PERT by Jerome D.
Wiest, Ferdinand K. Levy.
CPM PERT by BC Punmia.

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