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739 views23 pagesProposed Transit Hub, Anand Vihar Project Proposal
Proposed Intermodal Transit Hub , Anand Vihar, New Delhi
5th year thesis report, 2011
School of Architecture
Vadodara Design Academy
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Shubhangi DesaiCopyright
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
739 views23 pagesProposed Transit Hub, Anand Vihar Project Proposal
Proposed Intermodal Transit Hub , Anand Vihar, New Delhi
5th year thesis report, 2011
School of Architecture
Vadodara Design Academy
Uploaded by
Shubhangi DesaiCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
/ 23
PROJECT PROPOSAL
DESIGN THESIS
INTERMODAL TRANSIT HUB
SHUBHANGI DESAI
ROLL NO. Ar0806
SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE
VADODARA DESIGN ACADEMY ‘The problem of transit and transportation
reconstruction of the modern city." i
Frederick Etchells, introduction to le Corbusi
The simple truth is that building more highways and widening existing roads, almost always motivated
by concem over traffic, dees nothing to reduce ‘raffic.In the tong run, it actualy Increases traffic. This
‘evelation isso counterintultive that it bears repeating: addinglanes makes Traffic worse.”
‘MPORTANCE OF TRANS HUB SIGNIFICANCE OF TRANSIT HUB
Tis he 1000 port or he Cee ofcIMy winin he Gstick 1, ROVE G wide cn OF Harspatanon options Ike Wong. 1 /retlO, Buse eI
toclsas.¢ colo forchangng hovel behavior ofthe ders. 2, Nanoge future favel demands inthe dct especialy wth ncrecsng population
fonsithub bingsfogeher Ihe local ond shategic Hansen 3. ENCOUagSSG more socaly ovenTed and heathy envrerment
connections. §4 Reduction ct hatfe due to teducton ofuse cf pwvate venicles
Public transit infrastructure simply
included in suburban communities
ond other finge metropolitan areas is
rarely successful due io the spase
Population of surrounding businesses
ond neighborhoods that ore
indicative of suburbs. A greater
Pedestrian ttatfi c in these area is
echieved by location effi ciency,
Meaning densty of retoll space,
Qweling units, and services. Eventually
this mixed-use neighbothood fabric is
organized in such a way that creates
@ symbiotic relationship between
residential and commercial areas.
These synergies defi ne a new
’ +, 0PpIOach fo city growth dubbed
z “transitoriented development.”
i “7s
ees!
=——_
‘Aregion made up of anetwork of great neighborhoods-
places where residents of diverse incomes, ages, and
backgrounds have the option io wok to nearby
shopping, parks, and schools; where streets are safe to |."
walk along and public spaces are beautiful, inviting.
‘and frequented; and where peope can choose to take
@ tain oF bus to their destinations as easily and
‘conveniently as a car, Imagine, as woll, c rogion where
job centers are convenient for employees cround the
clock, wheie they can easly take care of errands during
lunch, catch a movie atier work or even bike fo the
‘office. These job centers, even those located in
suburbia aie linked to a network of neighborhoods and
Grevitaiized downtown by high-quality, efficient transit
Nene een Urban agglomerations in the world. The development ofthe ufoan planning in he city andi is responses
to the gown and managament. is very important
Few cies nthe wotd have been os draiatcaly tansforned os Deb n the at fy veors A Mughol ly
In 16h century, a he end of ho 19h Certury begap toemege of the colorial seat of powe: anc ther]
Analyt becarre the coptal of independent Inca, Daf now, one EP axgest cnc fostest growing
flew Deh, the capital city of India, is he commercial hub that once witnessed 0
|glorious past of uprisng and falling of empires. One of ne major cosmopottar
cities of the country, Deh is open to new ideas and lifestyle, People from every par
lof the county reside here, which shows the glimpse of diverse culture,
New Deini is connected with almost every part of ne country by ciiways, trains and
memotials, cnd mals ore all spreac throughout the city, To nave-a gimpse of all, th
entire city is well connected by the fastest growing network of Delhi Metro. Thi
makes the journey comfortable and less cumbersome,
de P te clcde Pt SAL! Delhi is located in northern India
between the latitudes of 28°-24'-17" and
28°-53'-00" North and longitudes of 78°-
50'-24" and 77°-20'-37" East.lt has an
= SHAHDARA area of 1,483 sq. kms. with a maximum
length of 51.90 kms and greatest width of
48.48 kms. It shares borders with the
_, States of Uttar Pradesh and Haryana.
TOPOG
The forest cover has increased from
0.76% of the total area in 1980-81 to
1.75% in 1994-95.and5.93% in 2000-01.
Delhi's mineral resources are primarily
sand and stone, which are useful for
construction activities. However, the
stone quarries in the Ridge area have
been shut down since 1984 on account
of environmental considerations
1959 BULT.UP AREA
979 9UT UP Ame
The Yamuna River and terminal part of
the Aravali hill range are the two main
Are sHown Nene oud a A at geographical features of the city. The
im : \ Aravali hill ranges are covered with
cmonamat \L- forest and are called the Ridges; they
are the city’s lungs and help maintain its
environment,
CLIMATE
The average annual rainfall in Delhi is 714 mm, three-fourths of which falls in July, August and
September. Heavy rainfall in the catchment area of the Yamuna can result ina dangerous flood situation.
for the city. During the summer months of April, May and June, temperatures can rise to 40-45 degrees
Celsius. Winters are typically cold with minimum temperatures during December and January falling to
4 to 5 degree Celsius. February and March, October and November are climatically the best months.
Climate data for Delhi
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average Bilal i eae ee | 35.4) 333 339) 329) 283 23.0 | 31.4
pe (70) ie (86) (97.2) | {95.2} | (61.9) | (93) | (91.2) (82.9) (73.4) (88.5)
Average 7.3 10.1
low °C (45.1 (50.
(CF) a)
Rainfall 20.3 15.0 15.8 67 17.5 549 | 363 5.0 7.8 79
mm (0.79 (0.5 (0.62 (0.26 (0.68 ae ce (0.19 (0.30 (31
finches) 9) 91) 2) 4) 9) 7 7)
Ave.
rainy 17 13 12 09 14 36 54 16 01 06 391
days
Sunshine 243; 217. 135.7 261.0 263.5 1980 |167.4 |176.7, 219.0 269.7 2460 217.0 “°°
hours | 9 || 5 4
ee RN
15.4 [21:5 ||2599) 28) |266) 259) /284)/195 128 5.2 188
(59.7) (70.7) (78:6) (82:9) (79-5) |(78.6) (75.9) (67.4) (55) (46.8) (65.8) The main cause of urban sprawl in Delhi is due to lack of proper urban development vision of Delhi
Development Authority, along with lack of awareness among villagers regarding urban laws. Also the
neglect of urban villages by the municipality and other urban bodies are responsible for the deteriorating
condition of peripheral villages of Delhi
The slowing down of the population growth in the Delhi Urban Agglomeration during the eighties end
nineties as compared to previous decades was not the result of deciine in the rate of natural
increase. There was deliberate planning from 1960.s onward to develop towns on the periphery of
Delhi to accommodate population growth; eventually these areas grew faster than the urban
agglomeration of Delhi. The urban sprawl! has followed the main roads and railway lines, hence
connecting the built up area of the core city-Delhi with that of the peripheral (DMA) cities/towns
leacing to development of multi nodal urban area.
he upper images are a 1974 Landsat Mss (80m resolution) on the left and a 1999 Landsat Thematic
Mapper (28.5 m resolution) on the right, Growth in uroan area from 1974 to 1999 is portrayed in the
lower maps as areas colored fed,
Nee SN persons
DELHI'S POPULATION
‘year Popuision ]
| Urean Runt Total Urban
oer | —assaaoe | aemooa | a6sami2 | e42
Ed
739200
12819761
1971
ise
2001
10875
$5206
962278
065688
e206
raTe2o76
6
02
513
Population Growth and Composition
5 =
E 0
: ™
bs i
4 nH
ime eee
Be raat ape a
men ra
INDIA’S POPULATION
100
POPULATION DENSITY 2011
Growth
, 2901-2011)
pe 5k
‘Gromtn Rate)
Rural Total
25 m4
308
80
13
529
530
463
120
100
o8 888
Decadal Growth Rate (%)
1951
weer" 4971" 1981" 4901 "2001
20
—S-Urban “We Rural “Total
DELHI NCR POPULATION
iis Towns Popvaton Population of Delhi and NCT Towns ( 1951-2001)
vst [iver [wrt |e v99i [00
‘DaniVA—[14a713e | 35908 | 357003 | 5729788641084] 12877470| |i he Ight cf the Natonal Capi Tettry of Debi, he Deb
hatabes [4374s [70438 | 137088 [287170 | 511759 [968254 | |Mctopoltan Region has ssumed sknigitcance, NCT Doli
[ROOK =| 35541 148814 [30503 | wih on area of 483 sa, k canna! fosee mosive development
Faiabad [eras | soa" | 122817 | see7 [AI7TIT_[Tossrae_| /M BMS oF asm /senices ond escent ceveoprTent
a 1055 | The over populated cly couled wih cilys isuicent
‘Grgaon | T6sTs_|a7eee | S7IsT |THE [TASH a8 | [IMeemscze Nod fo be shad by fe NC ley towns, he
soho ar cay hos come foc ealualon pont beyend wich he captal chy
Rae —| carving capecty may no! be ale fo susion ponulaon growth
ae eR ‘The population density of Delhi is 9294 Sq. Kms whereas the population density of New Delhi stands
alone to 4909 Sq.kms. The female Sex composition is 821 women per 1000 men whereas the
the increment of Dethts population from the 240,000 in 19111 to nearly 13,782,000 (Census 2001)
|is due to inflow of a great number of expatriates into the city since the time of independence from
line nearby states and adjacent countries, Today, the composition of population in Delhi
ruminates the perfect cosmopolitan image, with nearly half the total population arriving from
outside. The Cosmopolitan city bears with i! mulfi-ethnic and mult-culture with diverse religious
composition of the population.
The official record states that 82% of the population follow Hinduism, 11.7% are Muslims, Sikhs
composes of 45 of the total population, Jains are 1.1% whereas 0.9 % of the community are
Christians. There are other minority communities like Buddhists and Jews residing in the capital.
While Hindi is the official language, English is considered to be the associate official Language.
lUrdu and Punjabi are the second official language of the NCT. Delhi has become the fastest
igrowing cities of the world due to the high rate of immigration.
a A =
rN
‘According to Census 2001, the density of
population i worked aut at 9340 persone per
5q km as against 6352 person in 1981. The
NORTH WesT b density of population Deh ie the highest
{ (3.851261) 7, among all'statey/Union Territories inthe
tL count.
WoRTH
(903,413), Planning forthe ety 1s taken up on Nationa
s ne y P
} AS), Catal Repon uch) Bast The. Nona
y M pital Regen (NCR) comprises of total area
west, cENppat of 33,578 sa km, incusing areas of Deli
(2531538) (578, st (185 9. kn, Haryana (13,413 5. km, Utar
= oa Pradesh (10,853 5a kn) ané Rajasthan (7829
? 4 ken) There has been an increase in astral
sour west sen out mnss aoe noe 05831
{ (2292363) erat Sr 60189 in 2001 and decrease in the net
‘migrants from 420% in 1981 to 40.78% in
bs 3991 and 39.82% In 2001. However, a
‘eluction in the rate of rsturel growth are
increase in migration between 200tand 2021
Iservisaged,
Total population : 16,753,235 andi a
PERSONS PER Sa. KM
30001 and above 4“
fam 22001 “30008
Boot 20000 (STATE AVERAGE 14.257)
H 10000 AND BELOW
Population Growth in Delhi appears fo be on a path of stablization.) The analysis of sector wise growth in G.DP.
However Delhi continues fo be a metropolian growth magnet reveals that the contribution of primory
‘attracting a lot of migrants. While studying the population of Delhi one, sector which was 1.38% during 1999-2000
Must 80 study the atecs of Nokda Gurgoon, Fatdobad and Ms fame down to 062% In 200708 at
Ghaziabad fo get a complete picture of urban growth rate in thisregion.
The contribution of secondary sector
recorded at 18.26% during 1999-2000 has
ceshancedto 20.25% in2007-08,
Per capts income: Damuasnata|Curret ce)
8
5
sezy soag 9417 10075
js van s502 «007 #0
bidiii
iii
The contribution of the tertiary sector
Worked out to 80.36% in 1999-2000 declined
079,059 in2007-08,
‘The broad reasons for change inthe sectoral
composition of Delh’s economy may be
attributed to the rapid urbanization and
consequential reduction in agricultural and
alied activites on one hand; and substantial
increase in actvities pertainng 10 the
secondary as well as services sector on the
ee EN a
Land availability in NCT of Delhi - 2021 rah
TOTAL AREA: 1483 SQ.KM.
BUILT-UP ARE,
7.31%
URBAN EXTENSION: 14.83%
NATURAL FEATURES: 13.16%
(River, Water Bodies, Ridge, Forest
‘& Sanctuary)
GREEN BELT: 24.25%
Urban extension 2021: 220 sq.km. @250 pph (City level density)
Green belt : upto depth of one peripheral revenue village boundary along
border of NCTD
Average space would be 40 sq.m. Per person covering about 920 sq. Km for
230 lakhs population.
FUTURE URBANIZATION SCENARIO
1.By 2051, India would be most populous country with 1.70 billion people and per capita land availability
would be 0.19 ha.
2. By 2051, 820 million people will live in urban settlements constituting about 48 % of the total
population
3. There would be 6500 urban settlements (15 mega cities, 85 metro (mifk
=
bys cities) by 2051.
[irbaraton | Tena
EW aS Sa panes oveapTN WG
rior pan ara ‘ge -comdtansporaton A universal bus network providing service availability on all scheduled routes to people from all
.ctions of the community
+: Acost-effective network that minimizes user tariffs and recourses to publicsubsidy
+ An integrated network that is simple to use, has high standards of reliability, comfort and customer
Veie’® PROJECT LOCATIONS
Delhi
s Uttar Pradesh
Map notte See
—— River
—— Ratway Line
Fp Rake ©
SEF Neto arm
win wemsee
+ Arpot
PRI JET Pin tiiet SAL! CARRIAGE SYSTEMS
DELI
‘System Advantages Disadvantages
1.Government Company | 1. Easiest method for fleet |1. Government companies
acquires buses through | acquisition tend to have insufficient
own capital. ~= (DTC capital to acquire buses.
services)
2. Government company|2. Each additional _bus
retains full control requires additional staff of
7-10 persons.
3. Existing facilities such as|3. Government company
depots can used will have a monopoly.
2. Regulatory authority | 1. No investments on buses | 1. Compatition may
ues permits. (blue- | are required to be made by | encourage irrational driving
line operation) the Government. practices.
PRIVATE STAGE CARRIAGE SYSTEM
Before independence : old STA scheme which allowed 100 permits
1976: graduate mini bus scheme was launched to provide self
employment to unemployed graduates. This allowed 76 more permits.
1980: KMS scheme ( kilometer scheme ), introduced by DTC.
Bus owners provided drivers and DTC conductors , tickets
being provided by DTC.
Paid on basis of number of kms logged.
1982: point to point scheme during Asian games.
routes — shortest distance between origination and destination points.
1988: KMS terminated which ended up in strike.
The strike was the result of DTC , discontinuing the support of
conductors and other administration help.
Result of strike : earn and keep scheme ( EKS ). In this, the owners
provided both conductors and drivers.
1992 : the strike ended and the bus owners declined to go back to
DTC, leading to “Suvidha scheme “allowing 583 permits.
Suvidha scheme : “a scheme for private bus service in delhi, under state
carriage permits “.
Busses running under this scheme, were demarkated as “red line
busses”, which were later converted into “blue line busses” because of
increasing accidents.
BLUE LINE BUSSES : the operation was done in “theka” system. The
thekedar hired drivers on bases of 100 rupees per trip, which attracted
them to make maximum trips per day. This lead to accidents, rash
driving, overspeeding, overtaking, unscheduled stoppages, _ ill
maintainence of busses, rude behaviour etc.
Carriage
BeciaG
|
eer Contract Puri)
irs rca
Nee SN ¢ of the highest area under circulation among the Indian Metropolises.
situation on roads chaotic -WHY?
+ Encroachments on roads is birth right of Delhites whether poor or rich.
# Delhi has 0
/ Planting trees and grass/shrubs in the right of way is sure and safest way of encroachment under
the name of “environment”.
Mis-match between uses and densities along major transport corridors.
‘on development of full
cross section of roads.
Under utilization of the roads 30mt wide and above due to frequent accesses as service roads either
not provided or fenced or encroached.
+ Too much fencing and grills on roads.
/ Ill designed road cross sections and road geometric.
+ Lack of traffic management.
* Delay i
development of integrated road and rail terminals are increasing pressure on roads.
Road and Rail based mass transport system to be a major mode of public transport.
ial use of existing road network & development of full right of way and missing links.
+ Restructuring of existing network through expressways, arterial roads, distributors and relief roads.
/ Development of efficient transport network between N.C.R. & N.C.T. Delhi.
4 Development of passenger and goods terminals with adequate infrastructure at the periphery.
+ Establishment of a unified metropolitan transport authority. %
o
2
=
a
a
a
GURGAON
In view of large number of trains passing dally by Delhi region, new road under-bridges and over-
bridges are under construction along the railway lines. New cloverieats, tyovers andibridges are uncer
construction for providing connectivity to sports venues, Games Vilage, hotels and hospitals.
ed 9 DELI TRANSPORTATION SNSHEML
DELHI METRO
20a ea sd DELI: TRANSPORTATION SYOEEM
Effect of Delhi Metroon other modes of transport
[Buses constitute for about 1.2% of vehicles on road in Delhi. The number of buses increases by 8% every year.
[Overall about 5 million people travel by bus each day in Delhi which accounts to 60% of the total ridership . The
average trip length, which is about 14 kms takes about 55-60 minutes, and these figures are increasing every year
because of increase in traffic. The bus service is hence unreliable, over-crowded and also time consuming with
[long waiting periods at bus stops. This has lead to increase in number of personal vehicles, hence adding to the
traffic and this cycle continues
Savings in fuel consumption
‘The savings in fuel consumption is due to the diversion of a part of the Delhi road traffic to Metro and reduced
icongestion to vehicles on the roads. Use of electricity for the Metro will reduce the petrol and CNG consumption
that could result in savings of foreign exchange and will also reduce air pollution. Fuel savings arising out of the
Metro could result in the savings of foreign exchange for the Indian economy given thata very large proportion of
domestic demand for petroleum products in India is met out of imports,
hasan the pelea teveed by Dally time taken by the passenger travelled by
© bus, es en
45
35
30
BESRERRELEREERS SLE SS SPSL LS SP ILS
RRRRRRRRRRRRARR PSS ° we *
S.W.O.T. ANALYSIS
STRENGTH: WEAKNESS OPPORTUNITY — THREATS
Cost-effective mode of ( Less ridership than [ Revenue from property (1 A struggle on the part
transport for the general public of estimated development andof those being
Deli High development advertisements. displaced, and protests,
Reduce congestion on roads cost Potential to achieve petitions, hunger
making movementeasier. Displaced many jigherridership. strikes,negotiations ‘and
Reduce atmospheric pollution economic backward "ter rsbate siven to the legal aoton have al
to a great level making the people. DMRC because of the been initiated.
environment healthy. Difficulties in !
Ultra-moder technology and acquiring landand 2010 Commonwealth (Security threat.
IMeually etrking design, dynamic Games in Delhi. Risk of cost overruns
‘and modern, competitive and The success of the Delhi and ridership shortfalls.
Metro has encouraged “ Increase in cost of the
‘World Class. other Indian cities to parts,
Reduce travel time: One seriously attemptto
hundred per cent punctual introduce Metro systems.
‘operations. The next Metro fine in
Sater Mode of transport for the city will be 10-15 per
‘Women. cent cheaper than the
The voluntary International resigns phones
Standardization Organization
(ISO) 14,000 certiication. based on the learning curve
theon
NEP Neen Anand vihar beingon the border of U.P and Delhi, forms a gateway to thecity With
tho availabilty ofthe land resources, ministryof urban developmentin consultation
with 0.0.4, in march 1996, inaugurated ‘Swami Vivekanand Inter State Bus
Herminus,Anand Vihar.
May 1993 | Kashmere gate ISBT | 40000 sqm
August 1993 | Sarai Kale Khan ISBT | 40465 sqm
March 1996 | Anand Vihar ISBT 99500 sqm
$9 With the functional ISBT, 2 major mode of transoort, the adjoining area started
getting developed. it started withthe Petpargan) Industral area, subsequentiywith
1 need of a raliay terminal aroused with the increase in heavy passenger
pressure from Northern and North Eastern states. Location of all the three major
railway stations of Delhi are located on the other side of the river
Yamuna, subsequently. the trains were bound to cross the river brie.
Thus in 2003, the area of Anand Vihar, was
selected as the Trans- Yamune region, to
construct mega terminal railway terminal,
The construction was commissioned in two
phases - first phase catering to build 3
platforms and phase two completing it with 7
platforms.
AUN
Hl sde dale ANAND VIHAR
RAILWAY STATION
ANAND VIHAR
METRO STATION
* ANAND VIHAR ISBT
IMPORTANCE OF THE SITE
+ The anand vihar transportation junction, act_as a gateway to Delhi,
