Scribd
Upload
296 views25 pages

B-Spline Interpolation in Image Processing

This document discusses image interpolation techniques. It begins with a recap of 1D interpolation and introduces B-spline interpolation functions of different orders. It then explains how 1D interpolation can be extended to 2D images through interpolation in both the x and y directions. Examples are provided to illustrate scaling and rotating an image using nearest neighbor, bilinear, and bicubic interpolation methods. The document concludes with sample quiz questions on image interpolation.

Uploaded by

Ajay Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
296 views25 pages

B-Spline Interpolation in Image Processing

This document discusses image interpolation techniques. It begins with a recap of 1D interpolation and introduces B-spline interpolation functions of different orders. It then explains how 1D interpolation can be extended to 2D images through interpolation in both the x and y directions. Examples are provided to illustrate scaling and rotating an image using nearest neighbor, bilinear, and bicubic interpolation methods. The document concludes with sample quiz questions on image interpolation.

Uploaded by

Ajay Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 25

Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur

Lecture 9

Image
Interpolation-II

Prof. P. K. Biswas
Department of Electronics & Electrical Communication Engineering
[email protected]
Recapitulation

Interpolation and resampling on 1-D


Signals
Desirable properties of interpolation
functions
B-Spline interpolation functions
B-Spline functions of different orders and
their uses
Interpolation and Resampling

On completion the students will be able to

Explain extension of 1-D interpolation to


2-D images
Explain image interpolation with
examples
Write algorithms for image interpolation
Sampled Signal

1.0 1.1
fs (t) 0.9
0.7
0.6

0 1 2 3 4 5 t
Desirable Properties of Interpolation

Finite Region of Support


Smooth Interpolation- no discontinuity
Shift Invariant

B-Spline function
Normalised B-Splines

Bi,1(t) constant linear


Bi,2 (t)

t i t i+1 t i t i+1 t i+2


t t

Bi,3 (t) quadratic Bi,4 (t) cubic

t i t i+1 t i+2 t i+3 t i t i+1 t i+2 t i+3 t i+4


t t
Constant Interpolation
n
f(t) = piBi,1 (t)
i=0

1.0 1.1
fs (t) 0.9
0.7
0.6

0 1 2 3 4 5 t
Linear Interpolation
n
f(t) = piBi,2 (t)
i=0

1.0 1.1
fs (t) 0.9
0.7
0.6

0 1 2 3 4 5 t
Modified Interpolation Formula
n
f (t) = piBi-s,1(t)
*

i=0

S = 0.5 for k = 1
S=1 for k = 2
S=2 for k = 4
B-spline Interpolation Functions

B-0.5,1(t) B-1,2 (t)

-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
t t

B-2,4 (t)

-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
t
B-spline Interpolation Functions
B-0.5,1(t)
B0.5,1(t)

-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
t

B-1,2 (t)
B0,2 (t)
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
t
B-spline Interpolation Functions

B0,4 (t)
B1,4 (t)
B2,4 (t)
B3,4 (t)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
t
B-spline Interpolation Functions
n
f(t) = piBi-2,4 (t)
i=0
B4,4 (t)
B3,4 (t)
B2,4 (t)
fs (t)
B1,4 (t)

t
Linear Interpolation
Linear Interpolation
Image Interpolation

In the case of an image interpolation has


to be applied in both X and Y direction

Nearest Neighbor interpolation


Bilinear Interpolation
Bicubic Interpolation
Illustration Scaling

Scaled by 3 Nearest neighbour


interpolation
Illustration Scaling

Quadratic B-Spline Cubic B-Spline


interpolation interpolation
Illustration Rotation
Illustration Rotation
Lecture 8 Quiz Answers

1. Two identical cameras having focal length


of 0.04m are used for stereo imaging. If the
camera displacement along X axis is 6.0
cm, left image point corresponding to a
world point W is (0.2, 0.3) and the
corresponding right image point is (0.4,
0.3), find out the 3-D location of W with
respect to a world coordinate system
aligned with the coordinate system of the
left camera.
Lecture 8 Quiz Answers

2. Two identical cameras with focal length of 40


mm and image sensor size of 4 mm x 4 mm
are used for stereo imaging. If the camera
separation is 6 cm, what is the minimum
depth that can be measured using this
stereo setup.
Quiz Questions on Lecture 9
1. If an image represented by the following
matrix is scaled up by a factor of 3 in
both X and Y direction, what will be the
scaled image with
a. Nearest neighbor interpolation
b. Bilinear B-Spline interpolation
3 3 3 3 3
3 5 5 5 3
3 5 7 5 3
3 5 5 5 3
3 3 3 3 3
Quiz Questions on Lecture 9
2. If the same image is rotated by an angle
of 45 degrees in the clockwise direction,
what will be the rotated image? Use
bilinear B-Spline for interpolation.

3 3 3 3 3
3 5 5 5 3
3 5 7 5 3
3 5 5 5 3
3 3 3 3 3

You might also like