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ITE407 Class Discussion 03302017

This document contains notes from a class lecture/discussion on PL/SQL. It addresses 11 questions related to key concepts in PL/SQL including: the structure of PL/SQL blocks, variable and constant declaration, parameter modes, differences between functions and procedures, package structure, the INTO clause, records, and control structures. For each question, the notes list the main points or syntax for the topic.

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74 views10 pages

ITE407 Class Discussion 03302017

This document contains notes from a class lecture/discussion on PL/SQL. It addresses 11 questions related to key concepts in PL/SQL including: the structure of PL/SQL blocks, variable and constant declaration, parameter modes, differences between functions and procedures, package structure, the INTO clause, records, and control structures. For each question, the notes list the main points or syntax for the topic.

Uploaded by

Dalia Asti
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Class

Lecture/Discussion

Notes on the discussion handout


March 30, 2017
Ques<on 1
Header: Name to the program unit and iden<es it as
either a procedure, a func<on, or a package; it can also
iden<fy any parameters.
Declara<ve: This is used to dene variables, constants,
cursors, and excep<ons. This sec<on can be used with
a keyword IS or AS
Executable: This is the main processing area; starts
with the keyword BEGIN and end with the keyword
END
Excep<on(handler): This sec<on is op<onal; it deals
with error handling and starts with the keyword
EXCEPTION.
Ques<on 2
A variable is a structure used to store data during
a PL/SQL block, subprograms, and package
execu<on. Declara<on of a variable allocates
storage space on memory for a value; they also
specify the type of the variable and the name so
that the space can be referenced.
We can also assign a value at declara<on such as
a constant value, NOT NULL or default.
Syntax for variable declara<on is:
Variable_name datatype(size)[:= ini<al value]
Ques<on 3
A constant is a variable whose value never
changes.
It is declared in the declara<ve sec<on; this is
before the executable sec<on.
Syntax for the declara<on is:
Constant_name CONSTANT dataype[(size)] :=
in<al_value
Ques<on 4
There are three parameter modes: IN, OUT, and
IN OUT.
The default parameter mode is IN; this means
that a value is being passed into a subprogram.
The out mode indicates that the subprogram is
passing a value generated within it out to the
calling environment.
The IN OUT means that a value is passed itno a
subprogram; and this may be changed so that the
value is passed out to the calling environment.
Ques<on 5
A func<on must execute a RETURN statement
Func<ons are named or called dierently than
procedures
They are usually called within another
command
Procedures are called as statements.
Ques<on 6
A package has two sec<ons, it has the body
and the specica<on.
1st: Package specica<on
2nd: Package body
The package specica<on is the only part
required; it can exist without a body
A body will not be valid without the
specica<on
Ques<on 7
The INTO clause is required in a SELECT
statement of a PL/SQL subprogram.
Ques<on 8
A RECORD is a composite data structure
It has components that can be manipulated
individually
This is used to treat dissimilar data as a logical
unit.
Ques<on 11
The ow logic of a PL/SQL block can be
changed by using a number of control
structures.
Branching logic is implemented using either IF
statement, or the CASE statement.
These statements are some<mes referred to
as expressions.

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