Computer Science E-10b: Introduction to Computer Science Using Java, II Handout #9

I. Overview
This problem set is due prior to 5 PM on Monday, April 10. The
assignment is designed to reinforce your understanding of Swing and event-
driven programming techniques, as well as other related concepts. Consult the
Reges & Stepp textbook (chapter 14) as well as Oracles on-line documentation
at http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/index.html as needed.

Remember that to display a GUI using Swing when developing Java

applications on Cloud9, you must first run an installation script. Detailed in-
structions for doing so appear on our course website.1

II. Programming Problems (110-155 points)

[1] 10 points use file Age.java

Write a Java program that pops up an option pane that asks the
user for his or her age, e.g.,

If the user
types a number
less than 40, re-
spond with a
message box
saying that he
or she is young.
Otherwise, re-
spond with a message box that teases the user for being old!

1The alternative would be to run such applications on a personal computer that has Java installed, e.g.,
using the Terminal program under Macintosh OS X.

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[2] 25 points use file MailLayout.java

My mail program presents a window that looks like this when I want
to compose a new message:

Send

Write a complete Java program that presents a window (JFrame) organized

like this. The boxes next to the fields To:, Cc:, Bcc: and Subject: are all JText-
Fields. The box to the right of From: is a JComboBox (you should include 3
different names/email addresses in this dropdown list).

The region that contains my email message (blah, blah, blah ) is a

JTextArea. Also, you should include a clickable Send button (a JButton
object). It can be located just below the title bar of the JFrame, or anywhere
else that makes sense. When clicked, this button should cause the content of
the JTextArea to be written to a file named outbox.txt After the message is
written to file, the screen should be cleared and title should be reset.

Note that the JFrames title should be set to whatever the user types
inside the Subject: JTextField. If the user does not type anything, then the
title should simply be New Message.
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Solve either problem [3], or both problems [4] and [5].

[3] 25 points use file TrafficLight.java

Write a Java application named TrafficLight that produces a drawing
that resembles a traffic light.2 Arrange for each circle to have the proper
color. Heres what your program might look like in action running on
both Mac OS/X and on Windows:

! !

For a small amount of extra credit have a control on-screen to dim

and to light up individually each of the three lights. For example, clicking
the the green light could brighten it a bit, while at the same time dimming
the other two.

2You could utilize such methods as drawOval, fillOval, and drawRect; all three take 4 arguments: x, y, width, and
height. Or you could use a JPanel (sized correctly) and set its background color. You decide what works best!

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[4] 10 points use file Prob4.java

Write a complete Java program that draws the figure below:

!
The drawing area shown above is 300 pixels wide by 200 pixels high.
Its background color is cyan. The horizontal and vertical lines are drawn
in red and the diagonal line is drawn in black. The diagonal line has up-
per-left corner (50, 50). Successive horizontal and vertical lines are spaced
20 pixels apart.

[5] 15 points use file Prob5.java

Modify your previous program to produce the following figure, a

400x300 drawing area that contains multiple similar figures, each with its
own unique size and location: (250, 10) size 50, (180, 115) size 180, and one
at location (50, 50) with size 100.

Use parameterized static methods to reduce the redundancy in your

solution.

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[6] 25 points use file FifteenPuzzle.java

This problem is required for graduate-credit students only!

According to Wikipedia, The 15-puzzle (also called Gem Puzzle, Boss
Puzzle, Game of Fifteen, Mystic Square and many others) is a sliding
puzzle that consists of a frame of numbered square tiles in random order
with one tile missing. Heres an example:

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A user clicks on one of the numbered tiles thats adjacent to the empty
space, and that tile then moves to the empty space. For example, if I click
the 8, the result looks like this:

Write a Java application that presents a 15-puzzle with the numbered

tiles in some random order. Your program should allow the user to click
on numbered tiles in order to move them around. The actual objective of
the puzzle is for the player to get the board to look like this (numbers sort-
ed numerically):

!
Note that if a user clicks on a numbered tile that is NOT adjacent to the
empty space, then nothing should happen.

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IMPORTANT: To avoid the having the tiles shuffled into positions that
make it literally impossible to move them back into the order shown
above, you need to shuffle the tiles carefully. One way to do this is to re-
peatedly exchange 2 tiles positioned adjacent to the open space in a le-
gal way. You should place a Shuffle button on the display, as shown in
the following solution written by one of the teaching assistants:

You should arrange the initial configuration of the board with the tiles
in order, from 1 to 15. Then clicking the Shuffle button will reorder the
tiles in a solvable manner. You can play with this solution by copying the
files Fifteen.class and Fifteen$1.class from the unit6 folder on
the Lecture Examples page of our course website.

In addition, you should have your program stop and print a

congratulatory message when the user has manually clicked the tiles into
the correct positions after a Shuffle has taken place. (Hint: a straightfor-
ward solution will involve a two-dimensional array of JButtons.)

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Undergraduate-credit students may solve the Fifteen Puzzle

problem for up to 25 points of extra credit.

[7] 50 points for undergrads, 55 points for grad-credit students

use files Calculator.java, CalcBackend.java, CalBackendTest.java

In this problem you will implement a calculator (similar to the one

thats built-in to both the Macintosh and Windows OS) using the Java pro-
gramming language. Your program should look something like this when
it starts up:

! !
Running on Macintosh OS/X Running on Windows

Although the two calculators look distinctly different because they

were run on two different PC platforms, they operate in identical fashion.
Note that each of the 18 buttons function by clicking the mouse once on
them. Thus, after pressing 3 then . then 1 then 4, the calculators
display now shows

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The calculators main window is implemented as a JFrame (a class

that is a part of the javax.swing package). Each button is an object of type
javax.swing.JButton.

Suppose now I click the + button, followed by 2 then 1

Now I click =:

And then I click * followed by 3 and then =

!
Now I click

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And I click once more:

You get the idea: the 4 basic arithmetic operators (+, -, *, and
/) are binary in nature, requiring two operands. The square-root opera-
tor is unary, and will perform its computation on whatever value is cur-
rently in the calculators display. If the square-root of a negative number
is attempted, the calculator display should produce an ERROR message.
In addition, consider what would happen if the user clicks 1 then 6
then + then 9 then then = in this case the calculator should
take the square root of 9 (which is 3), and then add it to 16, which gives a
sum of 19. If the user hit = after the 9, and then hit the result 5
would instead be displayed.

Your calculator implementation must make use of the helper class

described below which will separate the calculator math logic from the code
needed to display it. You must implement a class called CalcBackend, that
keeps track of what should be displayed on the screen and updates this
based on key input. The interface for CalcBackend should be:

public class CalcBackend {

// Constructor
public CalcBackend() {...}

// Button represented by c pressed

public void feedChar(char c) {...}

// Returns what the calculator should show

public double getDisplayVal() {...}
...
}

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Your CalcBackend should not have any other public methods or

variables. Your main class Calculator should take care of the swing
graphics and have a CalcBackend instance as a member variable. We
have provided you with a unit-test class CalcBackendTest to check the
correctness of your backend implementation. If you have implemented
your backend correctly, all the test cases CalcBackendTest should pass.
You should add more test-cases to check the calculator featuers. You can
download the test and a dummy implementation of the backend here:

http://sites.fas.harvard.edu/~cscie10/CalcBackendTest.java
http://sites.fas.harvard.edu/~cscie10/CalcBackend.java

NOTE: the above technique of separating display and backend code is

widely known as the Model-View-Controller pattern (MVC). In this ter-
minology, CalcBackend is called the Model, and the JFrame code in
Calculator describing the display is called the view, and the ActionLis-
tener code in Calculator that feeds the button pushes to the backend
and updates the display is called the controller.

Some miscellaneous cases to be aware of:

[1] If the user clicks an arithmetic operator (e.g., *) but then

immediately clicks a different operator (e.g., +), the former opera-
tor is discarded and replaced by the more recent one. In other words,
addition will get performed in this case. Note that there is no prece-
dence of operators; the evaluation is strictly left to right.

[2] There is no unary minus operator. To create a negative number,

you will need to perform a calculation such as subtraction from zero.

[3] The calculator performs all of its computations using the data type
double. Consider using the Java class method
Double.parseDouble(s) or Double.valueOf(s).doubleValue() to
convert from a String value to its double representation.

[4] The display should not allow any part of the number to scroll off
either side of the field. And, of course, the user should not be able to
input a number with more than one decimal point!

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[5] If the = button is pressed repeatedly, it should simply re-produce

whatever is on the calculators display.

[6] You can use a GridLayout for the Calculator buttons, but see extra
credit option #7 below.

Extra Credit Options (each is worth a different number of points)

Graduate-credit students must implement ONE of the

following for 5 additional points. All students may implement up
to 3 options (no more than that) for the listed extra credit point
values.

[1] 5 points: Implement the MC (memory clear), MS (memory set) and

MR (memory recall) buttons. Carefully define the semantics of these
buttons by playing around with the calculator that is built in to Win-
dows or OS/X.

[2] 3 points: Implement a +/- button that negates the current display.
Clicking this button repeatedly will toggle the values sign.

[3] 3 points: Allow the user to control the calculator by using the keyboard
(in addition to the mouse). In other words, hitting the * key will
have the same effect as clicking the * with the mouse. (Examine
the Microsoft Windows calculator to find out which keys correspond to
, =, MC, and others. One way to do this is to right-click on a but-
ton and then select Whats This?) Youll need to learn how to do
this by referring to: https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/
uiswing/events/keylistener.html andhttps://docs.oracle.com/
javase/tutorial/uiswing/misc/keybinding.html

[4] 10 points: Implement ( and ) buttons that allow the user to

parenthesize expressions so that evaluation of arithmetic expressions
can be performed in a more controlled fashion.

[5] 5 points: Open an additional window containing a JTextArea with

scroll bars so that a paper tape of some or all of the users interac-
tion can be referred to later. There should be a calculator button that
controls whether the JTextArea is on or off.

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[6] up to 5 points: Implement one button of your own design. Your idea
must be approved in advance by your teaching fellow. To get you
thinking along the right line, heres a view of OS/Xs calculator, op-
erating in scientific mode.

[7] 5 points: The layout manager used to arrange the buttons in the
above figures is the most complicated one (but also the most flexible),
a GridBagLayout. It allows the calculator window to be resized
while keeping the relative size and location of the various buttons
intact. Refer to the GridBagDemo.java program in an earlier lecture
handout for guidance. Study the code in that example to understand
how to use the GridBagLayout and GridBagConstraints classes.
That programs output is shown below:

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III. Extra Credit Problems (up to 20 points)

[8] 10 points (for extra credit only) use file named Clock.java

Write a Java application using Swing graphics that draws the face of a
clock, showing the time that the user enters in two JTextField areas (one
for the hours, one for the minutes).

Hint: You need to find out the angles of the hour hand and the minute
hand. The angle of the minute hand is easy; the minute hand travels 360
degrees in 60 minutes. The angle of the hour hand is harder; it travels 360
degrees in 12 x 60 minutes. Dont attempt this problem if you dont re-
member your trigonometry!

Your output could resemble something like this:

Hour 5
Minute 45

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[9] 10 points (for extra credit only) use file named Olympics.java

Write a Java application using Swing graphics that draws the Olympic
rings.

Color the rings in the Olympic colors, as shown below. Your

implementation should include a method named drawRing that draws a
ring at a given position and color (supplied as arguments to the method).

Write a main method that convincingly demonstrates your program in

action.

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Dr. H. H. Leitner Unit 6 Problem Set Spring, 2017