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Education comes in many forms of human relations and knowledge. 1
~Dr. Gene D. Lewis
Dr. Gene D. Lewis found education in many of aspects of his life. His
childhood experiences, training in universities, travelling across the US to
complete his education, and journeying to march for civil rights, all helped
shape a boy from a small western rural town into a liberal minded man who
awakened to the trials of his time. For Dr. Lewis, every form of human
relation was an opportunity to learn something new and grow as an educator.
Lewis speaks of his participation in the Selma March for civil rights and the
University of Cincinnati student march against the Vietnam War with the
same pride and sense of importance. This emphasis on education and human
interaction continues today with the Gene D. Lewis Faculty Teaching Award
which Dr. Lewis endowed and honors current History faculty for their
demonstration of effective and committed teaching of undergraduate
students.2
Gene D. Lewis was born on February 20, 1931 in a hospital in Globe,
Arizona to Abner and May Lewis during the Great Depression. In the 1930s
and 40s, the Lewis family lived in Young, Arizona, a rural village about
seventy miles north of Globe and known by its residents as Pleasant
1 Gene D. Lewis Oral Interview, February 9, 2017. UC Archives and Rare Books
Library, 18:56-18:58.
2 Chris Phillips email to UC History Department, March 23, 2017, University of
Cincinnati, 1.
Nguyen/Wickett - 2
Valley.3 In 1940, Abner Lewiss $360 yearly income from farming on the O.W.
Ranch in Young Arizona and road construction helped support the family.4
Genes twenty-two-year-old brother, LeRoy, provided an additional $800
yearly income from being a chainman for the U.S. Bureau of Biological
Survey to the Lewis household.5 May Lewis was a homemaker who took care
of Gene and his five siblings where they lived in an all-white neighborhood
surrounded by farmers, line-men, miners, and cowboys.6 It was just this
setting that inspired author Zane Grey to write his western novels about Lone
Star rangers, trail rides and cowboys.7
Dr. Lewis attended both Young Grade School and Young High School in
Young, Arizona. Upon graduation in 1947 the sole graduate that year Dr.
Lewis pursued a Bachelor of Arts degree at Arizona State College (later
named Arizona State University). Ever since he was a young boy, Lewis had
3 Gene D. Lewis email message to Leah Wickett, March 31, 2017, 2.
4 1940 UC Census Record for Gila County, Globe Arizona, Digital Archive, Ancestry.com, Page
1 of 6; 1942 U.S., World War II Draft Registration Card, 1942 for Abner E. Lewis,
ancestry.com, page 792 of 1497.
5 1940 US Census Record for Gila County, Page 1 of 6.The Bureau of Biological Survey was
established in 1905 by President Theodore Roosevelt under the Department of Agriculture to
supervise game preserves and fishing/waterfowl refuges. Due to land prices dropping and
the availability of money through the Duck Stamp Act, a lot of land had been purchased as
waterfowl refuges. It is likely that LaRoy worked at one of these government owned refuges.
(information obtained at fsw.gov, History of the CCC and WPA and other Depression-Era
Programs in Region 6 of the USFWS, pages 10 and 11).
6 Ibid., 1-6.
7 Lewis email to Wickett, 2.
Nguyen/Wickett - 3
loved to read, and his older sister whom he wanted to emulate had
majored in history.8 For these reasons, it was a natural choice for him to
major in history in college.9 Dr. Lewis obtained his BA in May 1951.10 He went
on to compete a Masters of Art degree at Arizona State in May 1952.11 Dr.
Lewis always planned to teach. At first his teaching interest fell on
elementary or secondary education.12 Although he ultimately pursued
teaching college, his history major never changed, and he never doubted his
choice in subject matter.13 Two of Dr. Lewiss history professors at Arizona
State College convinced him to apply to the doctoral program in history at
the University of Illinois in Champagne-Urbana, and with their aid he secured
a fellowship to attend.14 In 1957, he earned his Ph.D. in History at the
University of Illinois.15 On a bus trip across country to start his doctorate in
Illinois, Lewis first encountered segregation and experienced the racial
8 Ibid, 1.
9 Ibid.
10 Gene D. Lewis, Vita, 23 July 1958, Special Collections, VF 3-BIO, Lewis, Gene D., Gen 1,
University of Cincinnati Archives and Rare Books Library, 1.Second source: Gene D. Lewis
Oral Interview, February 9, 2017. UC Archives and Rare Books Library, 0:01-0:52.
11 Ibid.
12 Lewis email to Wickett, 1.
13 Ibid.
14 Lewis email to Wickett, 1.
15 Lewis, Vita, 1; Lewis, Oral History Interview, 0:01-0:52.
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tensions in America, igniting an interest in civil rights for which he would
advocate for the rest of his career.16
Growing up in rural northern Arizona had not given Dr. Lewis much
experience with any but non-Hispanic whites, having only minimal
interactions with an Apache Indian reservation about twenty miles from
Tempe.17 Although there were many Latinos in Arizona in the 1940s and 50s,
they lived primarily in the Southern part of the state, leaving him with no real
contact to diverse culture in his hometown. According to Dr. Lewis, he met
fewer than a dozen African Americans by the time he left Arizona and headed
towards the University of Illinois in 1953.18 His first experiences with
obvious racism was in a Tulsa, Oklahoma bus station where he saw water
fountains labeled Colored and White.19 Once Lewis reached Illinois, he
witnessed discrimination against a black graduate student.20 Dr. Lewis
explained that this was one of several incidents in [his] Illinois career which
affected [his] view on racism.21 The graduate student of color wanted to
attend a history convention with several white schoolmates, including Dr.
16 Lewis, Oral Interview, 19:38-20:19.
17 Ibid., 19:00-19:36.
18 Ibid., 19:37-19:46.
19 Ibid., 19:50-20:17.
20 Ibid., 20:18-20:28.
21 Lewis email to Wickett, 1.
Nguyen/Wickett - 5
Lewis, in St. Louis in the mid-1950s.22 Upon arrival, the hotel would not let
the black student rent a room in their hotel, and he was unable to dine in
their restaurant.23 This incident left a lasting impression on Dr. Lewis and
helped to shape the way he worked with, and for, the African American
community. He called it an awakening.24
In 1957, Dr. Lewis completed his dissertation at the University of Illinois
on the life of Charles Ellet Jr. (1810-1862), a civil engineer who died from a
wound at the Battle of Memphis.25 The following year, 1958, the University of
Cincinnatis accrediting agency warned the College of Engineering that it was
in jeopardy of losing its accreditation and that it needed to add more
humanities, social studies, and business to their curriculum to avoid any
loss to their university standing.26 The College of Engineering ran on a
different calendar than the College of Arts and Sciences. This schedule
mismatch made it difficult to have engineering students complete their
required humanities courses. The College of Engineering chose to hire Dr.
Lewis as Assistant Professor of History (effective September 1, 1958) and
placed his office at McMicken, the home of the College of Arts and Sciences.27
Dr. Lewis taught engineering students U.S. History, Western Civilization, and
22 Ibid.
23 Ibid.
24 Lewis, Oral Interview, 19:38-20:19.
25 Ibid., 1:10-1:28.
26 Ibid.
Nguyen/Wickett - 6
a senior course with approximately two-hundred students titled
Contemporary Problems, which focused on the twentieth century.28
Beginning in 1963, after five years under the College of Engineering budget,
Dr. Lewis transferred to the College of Arts and Sciences which now ran on
the same schedule, where he taught for the remainder of his career. 29
Dr. Lewis worked to make a connection with his students, both on and
off campus. In 1961, he helped develop the Humanities Reading Program in
the College of Engineering. The program offered students a chance to give
engineering students a start in assembling a personal, non-technical library
and inspire [them] to read voluntarily many of the great classics of
literature.30 Enrolled students chose from hundreds of books and met
regularly in Dr. Lewiss home to discuss the books, thus availing the student
of direct intellectual contact with his instructor in a non-academic
environment.31 The students kept the books they chose in order to form a
nucleus for their personal non-technical libraries.32 Dr. Lewis was the
27 Ibid., 2:00-2:06; University of Cincinnati Press Release, 29 July 1958, Special
Collections, VF 3-BIO, Lewis, Gene D., Gen 1, University of Cincinnati Archives and
Rare Books Library.
28 Lewis, Oral Interview, 2:10-2:22.
29 Ibid.
30 Louisa Hellingsworth, Read. Program Aims to Widen Education, News Record,
(November 1, 1962), 9.
31 Ibid.
32 Sharon Hausman, Eng. Students Participate in New Reading Program, News
Record (May 16, 1963), 16.
Nguyen/Wickett - 7
director of the program, and by 1962 he expressed his desire to expand the
popular program to include all of the cooperative colleges.33 In March 1962,
he participated in the 2nd Annual Student-Faculty Conference held at the local
YMCA.34 The purpose of the conference was to foster better communications
between the student body and faculty members through discussion of topics
of mutual interest to both.35
At UC, Dr. Lewis met his future wife, Dottie L. Bidlingmeyer.36 Dottie
graduated with her Bachelors of Art from the University of Cincinnati in 1957
and with her Masters of Art in 1958, majoring in history.37 During her time as
a student at UC, she was a member of the Pi Sigma Alpha Mortar Board
national honor society.38 She was also the 1957 Vice-President of the social
sorority, Kappa Kappa Gamma.39 The 1957 UC yearbook described Dottie as
having an uncompromising insistence on what she feels is right and as
really warm and fun-loving with an infectious laugh that brightened many
33 Hellingsworth, Read., 9.
34 Student-Faculty Conference at YMCA, News Record, (March 8, 1962), 4.
35 Ibid.
36 Lewis email to Wickett, 1.
37 Suzanne Reller email message to Leah Wickett, March 30, 2017, University of
Cincinnati, 1.
38 The Cincinnatian, 1957 University of Cincinnati Yearbook, ARB C.U.201 1957,
University of Cincinnati Archives and Rare Books Library, 98.
39 Ibid, 134.
Nguyen/Wickett - 8
a campus function.40 By 1961, Ms. Bidlingmeyer worked as the Assistant
Admissions counselor at the University of Cincinnati.41 Dr. Lewis and Ms.
Bidlingmeyer married in 1963 and lived in a small apartment in Clifton before
settling in Amberly Village where they lived for six years.42
In 1964, the Danforth Foundation chose Dr. and Mrs. Lewis as the first
faculty associate couple at UC to join their program as an experiment in
large urban campuses to encourage a personal element which the
foundation felt was at a minimum in overlarge classrooms.43 The
Danforth Foundation provided the Lewiss with a $125 stipend to use as they
saw fit.44 Many professors took their students to entertainment events like
ballgames and shows, or purchased school supplies for them.45 However, the
Lewiss chose to open up their home to their students much like Dr. Lewis
had with the Humanities Reading Program and host small dinners and
discussions.46 In 1964, they used the Danforth funds to host an election party
40 Ibid, 298.
41 High Schoolers to Attend Summer Biology Institute, News Record (Jun 9, 1961),
3.
42 Lewis email to Wickett, 1; Lewis, Oral Interview, 23:20 and 34:44.
43 The Big Class and an Experiment to Add a Personal Touch, Cincinnati
Alumnus, (October 1967), 16.
44 Ibid.
45 Ibid.
46 Ibid.
Nguyen/Wickett - 9
to watch and discuss the returns of the presidential elections.47 For the
1960s, with the spread of higher education to all segments of American
society, a fear of depersonalization of education began to grow. 48 With this
growing diversity at UC, as well as an expanding campus footprint, came
many issues such as neighborhood displacement and lower income students
that helped fuel the upcoming campus unrest (many of the future Vietnam
Protests were a backlash to minorities and low income families being drafted
at higher rates than wealthy families).
When Dr. Lewis arrived in Cincinnati in 1958, he estimated the African
American population at UC at around 100 students, many of whom lived in
the West End of Cincinnati, where the black community was clustered. 49
After Dr. Tom Bonner a medical historian joined the University of
Cincinnati in 1963, shortly after Gene and Dottie Lewis were married, Lewis
and Bonner quickly became friends, finding common interests, outlooks, and
political affiliations.50 In 1965, Dr. Lewis accompanied Dr. Bonner to the
Selma March led by Dr. Martin Luther King.51 The March was a response to
the city of Selma, Alabama, allowing only a small fraction (355 of 15,000) of
47 Ibid.
48 Ibid., 17.
49 Lewis, Oral Interview, 20:28-20:46.
50 Ibid., 22:40-22:50.
51 Ibid., 23:50-23:55.
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their Black citizens to register to vote.52 Bonner and Lewis , along with UC
Historians Dr. Daniel Beaver and Dr. Louis Harlan, answered the appeal from
Walter Johnson of the University of Chicago to join the march.53 UCs four
history professors presented the largest contingent from any single
university.54 In April 1965, Dr. Bonner told how Dr. Kings emphasis on the
historical development of segregation which caused him to work up an
emotional evolvement which carried the crowd with him.55 The March
became known as a milestone in mans unending search for freedom and
helped secure the right to vote, which Congress ensured by passing the
Voting Rights Act of 1965.56
The memory of marching in Selma was prominent in Dr. Lewiss oral
interview. His awe of American historians C. Vann Woodward and Richard
Hofstadter and their work in the Civil Rights Movement is evident in the way
that Lewis spoke about walking hand-in-hand with them to the old
Confederate capital building to hear John Lewis, chairman of the Student
Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, and Dr. Martin Luther King speak.57 Dr.
52 Eric Foner, Give Me Liberty: An American History, Vol. 2 (New York: Norton and
Company, 2015), 985.
53 Diane Lundin, History Profs in Montgomery, News Record (April 1, 1965), 1.
54 Ibid.
55 Ibid.
56 Foner, Give Me Liberty, 986.
57 Ibid., 24:30-25:40.
Nguyen/Wickett - 11
Lewiss activism to ensure equality for African Americans did not end at the
Selma March. Dr. Lewis ensured a more democratic campus by helping form
the first University of Cincinnati Senate in 1970, along with Dr. Bonner, where
58
students and faculty came together to address issues on UCs campus.
In June 1969, Dr. Lewis became the second recipient of the George B.
Barbour Award, established in 1967, which honored one professor who was
dedicated to the students and their lives as well as their careers.59 The
student-faculty relationship was most important in selecting the winner of
the Barbour Award. It was Lewiss emphasis on personalizing the education
process to fit the needs of his students that garnered him the Award.60 Lewis
stated that a good teacher must have a strong concern for students as
persons, must be competent in his discipline and should be an individual
able to impart his sincerity and dedication as a teacher.61 He stressed the
need to engage students outside the classroom, as he had with both the
Humanities Reading Program and the Danforth Foundation open houses.62
58 Ibid., 26:08-27:11.
59 Claudia Geraci, Barbour Award Presented to Professor Gene Lewis, News
Record (October 14, 1969), 6.
60 Ibid.
61 Ibid. *These were Dr. Lewiss own words quoted within the article.
62 Ibid.
Nguyen/Wickett - 12
In 1970, UC elected Dr. Lewis as the first President of the Student
Senate.63 This happened at a time when Richard Nixon was president, a man
who ran in 1968 on the promise that he had a secret plan to end the
Vietnam War.64 However in 1970, Nixon ordered American troops into
Cambodia, a neutral zone, in hopes to cut supply lines to North Vietnam.65 As
the war began to escalate, protests on college campuses reached a fever
point. By the spring of 1970, more than 350 U.S. colleges experienced strikes
with American troops occupying 21 of those campuses.66 On May 4, 1970,
protests at Kent State turned to violence when the Ohio National Guard shot
and killed four students on their campus who were protesting the invasion of
Cambodia.67 The UC Senate held a special session to debate whether to
cancel all classes and stage a peaceful protest march and whether the
Senate should support the student-faculty strike.68 Dr. Lewis called the
fifty faculty, student, and administration senators together as a means to
bring order to the chaos erupting on campus in response to the Kent State
shootings.
63 Ibid.
64 Foner, Give Me Liberty, 1028.
65 Ibid.
66 Ibid., 1029.
67 Kent State Shootings, Ohio History Central, ohiohistorycentral.org.
68 Senate Pass Strike Bills: University Senate Supports Protest, News Record (May
6, 1970), 3.
Nguyen/Wickett - 13
The Senates decision to support the protesting students and faculty
met with applause and cheers.69 The Senate granted the students four
days of off from school to protest the violence at Kent State.70 Member of the
UC Senate and Student Body President of 1970, Mike Dale, explained how
many at the session felt:
Students look around at the society that they live in. They see that
major leaders of this country are routinely murdered. They see that
four students were killed at Kent State University on May 4, 1970. They
see that hundreds of thousands of men, women and children have
perished in Southeast Asia. They see that the cities of this country are
unsafe for living and that racial violence is rampant in this society.
They see that the violence wrought against mankind through the
destruction of its environment is enormous. They see that violence
begets only more violence. This escalating trend toward ever
increasing violence has produced tremendous frustration on college
campuses and in the nation.71
Dale spoke of the 6000 students, faculty, administrators, and citizens of
Cincinnati who joined together for the march and the personal
commitment they made to non-violence in an effort to learn to work out
solutions to problems of our society peacefully.72 Historian Dr. Herbert
Shapiro, a UC colleague of Dr. Lewis, likened the protest and vigil on campus
to that of Martin Luther King, and remained hopeful that UC would write to
69 Ibid.
70 Ibid.
71 Students Occupy Buildings: Bonner, Dale Give Reactions to Demonstration,
News Record (May 8, 1970), 1.
72 Ibid, 2.
Nguyen/Wickett - 14
President Nixon in opposition of the war.73 The peaceful protest resulted in
145 arrest of the UC academic community by the Cincinnati Police for staging
a sit-in on Fifth Avenue and Walnut Street.74 The police charged the
protesters for a misdemeanor traffic violation.75 Dr. Herbert Shapiro was
among those arrested, with his bail set at five hundred dollars.76 Dr. Lewis
and Dr. Bonner split the cost of Dr. Shapiros bail, helping their friend and
fellow UC historian return to campus.77 The protests on campuses like Kent
State and the University of Cincinnati were an example of the spread of
activism from elite campuses like UC Berkeley and Columbia onto working
class student bodies that characterized the way in which student anti-war
protests changed in the 1970s.78
Just before UC prepared to reopen and return to its usual campus
activity, Jackson State in Mississippi experienced its own tragedy when two
students were killed and fifteen were wounded by the local police during a
racially charged protest on campus.79 The University of Cincinnatis United
Black Association (UBA) students demanded that the University show respect
73 Ibid.
74 Protesting Students Arrested, News Record (May 5, 1970), 1.
75 Ibid.
76 Ed Swartz and Viktor Votsch, The Trial: There is no Justice... There is Just the
Law, News Record (May 5, 1970), 1.
77 Lewis, Oral History Interview, 31:20.
78 Foner, Give Me Liberty, 1029.
Nguyen/Wickett - 15
and honor those killed and injured at Jackson State in the same manner they
had honored the victims of the Kent State shootings by remaining closed.
During UCs shutdown, Dr. Lewis took part in the discussion to postpone
reopening the University, alongside Dr. Bonner. City Hall held the hearing on
whether the University was to remain closed, since the City of Cincinnati
owned UC at the time. President Langsam, the UC Trustees, and the Mayor of
Cincinnati held the hearing. Although Lewis and Bonner were barred from
entering the debate at City Hall they remained just outside in the lobby for
two to three hours until Langsam and the trustees reached the decision to
remain closed.80
Social Psychology student, Mark Lindberg explained that during the
campus closure, when most students and faculty remained at home, Dr.
Lewis and the UC Senate dedicated themselves to the welfare of the entire
community through meetings, caucuses, and discussions to facilitate the
construction of legislation that would be most advantageous to the entire
University.81 The dedication that the Senate displayed during the break, and
the commitment to peaceful protests, helped to encourage a campus that
Lindberg felt stood together and developed a sense of new honesty, new
communications, and new willingness to peacefully share ideas among every
79 Whitney Blair Wyckoff, Jackson State: A Tragedy Widely Forgotten, National
Public Radio (npr.org, May 3, 2010).
80 Lewis, Oral History Interview, 28:16-29:00.
81 Mark Lindberg, Lets Be Open: Devotion and the Senate, News Record (May 18,
1970), 2.
Nguyen/Wickett - 16
segment of the university community.82 The Senate that Dr. Lewis helped to
establish gave students a new avenue on campus in which they could be
heard. Lindberg felt that never before has the administration seemed so
receptive to student views nor has the student body been so willing to use
established channels of dissent.83 The Senate did more than help open the
physical campus, it opened up a platform that empowered student voices
that opened up meaningful dialog. On November 8, 1970, Dr. Lewis, along
with five other UC Faculty members, participated in a panel titled Personal
Freedom & The Campus After Kent State, which helped students understand
their rights as protesters on the Universitys campus.84
Historian Simon Hall tells us that studying social movements of the
1960s and 70s helps us to comprehend the changing political culture of the
post-1960s era and enables us to see past the national political figures and
the traditional emphasis on Watergate, stagflation and malaise, to look at
some of the ways ordinary people attempted to reshape and exert control
over, the world in which they lived.85 Dr. Lewiss efforts in the creation of the
University of Cincinnatis Senate as well as his participation in the Personal
Freedom panel show a clear drive to reshape the chaos that gripped the
82 Ibid.
83 Ibid.
84 Big Rap, News Record (November 6, 1970), 7.
85 Simon Hall, Protest Movements in the 1970s: The Long 1960s, Journal of
Contemporary History, Vol. 43. No. 4. (October 2008), 671.
Nguyen/Wickett - 17
campus in that era. His dedication to that democratic institution and to the
students represented by that organization illustrates his activism as an
attempt to exert positive control over the environment in which he worked
and devoted so much of his time.
Dr. Lewiss activism went beyond African American civil rights and
Vietnam War protests.86 In 1973, Dr. Lewis showed his support for womens
rights by helping to appoint an advisory committee to assist in the selection
of the Director of Womens Studies, something that Lewis found important,
despite the budgetary restrictions he was facing as Provost of the University
at the time.87 Dr. Bonner appointed Dr. Lewis to Provost of Academic Affairs in
late 1973.88 Lewis emphasized the importance of Deans, faculty and students
working together to formulate policies within the colleges.89 Lewis also felt
that the academic advisory system needed an overhaul, with better service
to students being a priority.90 Although Dr. Lewiss duties as the Provost of
Academic Affairs was a demanding role, he still insisted on teaching one
86 Lindberg, Lets Be Open, 2.
87 Al Kuettner, UC Public Information Office, Special Campus Media, 1 November
1973, Special Collections, VF 3-BIO, Lewis, Gene D., Gen 1, University of Cincinnati
Archives and Rare Books Library, 1.
88 Rob Liebau, Provost Named, Hints Tuition Hike, News Record (September 28,
1973), 3.
89 Ibid. *This is a direct quote from Dr. Lewis, not the opinion of the journalist.
90 Ibid.
Nguyen/Wickett - 18
history course per semester, keeping that important connection to his
students.91
In 1974, Dr. and Mrs. Lewis moved to a home on Rawson Woods Lane,
where they still live today.92 In 1988, the Bicentennial Commission appointed
Dr. Lewis as its historian.93 In 1998, Dr. Lewis retired from the University of
Cincinnati and joined the UC Emeriti Board.94 His passion for teaching while
developing meaningful relationships with his students remains an important
endeavor. He endowed the Gene Lewis Faculty Teaching Award, which
honors a history professor for their demonstration of effective and committed
teaching of undergraduate students.95 Dr. and Mrs. Lewis also remain active
in the Clifton and Cincinnati community; Dottie Lewis was the former
president and current board member of the Cincinnati branch of Housing
Opportunities Made Equal (H.O.M.E.), as well as a volunteer for the Legal Aid
Society.96 Dr. Lewis explained how education presents itself in many forms of
relationships and knowledge; likewise, it is through the many acts of protest,
advocacy, and friendship that we see the activism and compassion of Dr.
Gene D. Lewis.
91 Ibid.
92 Lewis, Oral History Interview, 34:52. *Dr. Lewis was Provost from 1974 to 1977.
93 Ibid., 37:00.
94 Ibid., 38:17.
95 Christopher Phillips email to Leah Wickett
96 Ibid., 35:46 38:18.
Nguyen/Wickett - 19
Nguyen/Wickett - 20
Work Cited
1940 UC Census Record for Gila County, Globe Arizona, Digital Archive,
Ancestry.com. Page 1.
1942 U.S., World War II Draft Registration Card, 1942 for Abner E. Lewis,
ancestry.com, page 792 of 1497
Big Rap, News Record. November 6, 1970.
Foner, Foner. Give Me Liberty: An American History, Vol. 2. New York: Norton
and Company, 2015.
Geraci, Claudia. Barbour Award Presented to Professor Gene Lewis, News
Record. October 14, 1969.
Hall, Simon. Protest Movements in the 1970s: The Long 1960s, Journal of
Contemporary History, Vol. 43. No. 4. October 2008.
Hausman, Sharon. Eng. Students Participate in New Reading Program,
News Record, May 16, 1963.
Hellingsworth, Louisa. Read. Program Aims to Widen Education, News
Record, November 1, 1962.
High Schoolers to Attend Summer Biology Institute, News Record, Jun 9,
1961.
History of the CCC and WPA and other Depression-Era Programs in Region 6
of the USFWS, fsw.gov, accessed March 01, 2017.
Kent State Shootings, Ohio History Central, ohiohistorycentral.org.
Kuettner, Al., UC Public Information Office, Special Campus Media, 1
November 1973, Special Collections, VF 3-BIO, Lewis, Gene D., Gen 1,
University of Cincinnati Archives and Rare Books Library.
Lewis, Gene D., email message to Leah Wickett, University of Cincinnati,
March 31, 2017.
Lewis, Gene D., Oral Interview, February 9, 2017. UC Archives and Rare
Books Library.
Lewis, Gene D., Vita, July 23, 1958, Special Collections, VF 3-BIO, Lewis,
Gene D., Gen 1, University of Cincinnati Archives and Rare Books Library.
Liebau, Rob. Provost Named, Hints Tuition Hike, News Record. September
28, 1973
Lindberg, Mark. Lets Be Open: Devotion and the Senate, News Record,
May 18, 1970.
Lundin, Diane. History Profs in Montgomery, News Record. April 1, 1965.
Nguyen/Wickett - 21
Phillips, Chris. email to UC History Department, March 23, 2017, University of
Cincinnati.
Protesting Students Arrested, News Record, May 5, 1970.
Reller, Suzanne. email message to Leah Wickett, March 30, 2017, University
of Cincinnati.
Senate Pass Strike Bills: University Senate Supports Protest, News Record,
May 6, 1970.
Students Occupy Buildings: Bonner, Dale Give Reactions to Demonstration,
News Record, May 8, 1970.
Student-Faculty Conference at YMCA, News Record, March 8, 1962.
Swartz, Ed, and Viktor Votsch, The Trial: There is no Justice... There is Just
the Law, News Record. May 5, 1970.
The Big Class and an Experiment to Add a Personal Touch, Cincinnati
Alumnus, October 1967.
The Cincinnatian, 1957 University of Cincinnati Yearbook, ARB C.U.201 1957,
University of Cincinnati Archives and Rare Books Library.
University of Cincinnati Press Release. July 29, 1958, Special Collections, VF
3-BIO, Lewis, Gene D., Gen 1, University of Cincinnati Archives and Rare
Books Library.
Wyckoff, Whitney Blair. Jackson State: A Tragedy Widely Forgotten, National
Public Radio, npr.org, May 3, 2010.
