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Flame Test Practical: Purpose: To Observe Some Characteristic Flame Colour of Some Metal Ions. Materials Needed

The document describes a flame test practical to observe the characteristic flame colors of metal ions. Materials needed include wooden sticks, a Bunsen burner, metal tongs, and several metal chloride salts. The method involves dipping a wooden stick coated in a metal salt into the flame of a Bunsen burner and observing the color, both visually and using a spectrometer. The results show that each metal salt produces a unique flame color, such as sodium chloride appearing orange and copper sulfate appearing green. The colors are due to the excitation and emission of light by electrons in the metal atoms.

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624 views3 pages

Flame Test Practical: Purpose: To Observe Some Characteristic Flame Colour of Some Metal Ions. Materials Needed

The document describes a flame test practical to observe the characteristic flame colors of metal ions. Materials needed include wooden sticks, a Bunsen burner, metal tongs, and several metal chloride salts. The method involves dipping a wooden stick coated in a metal salt into the flame of a Bunsen burner and observing the color, both visually and using a spectrometer. The results show that each metal salt produces a unique flame color, such as sodium chloride appearing orange and copper sulfate appearing green. The colors are due to the excitation and emission of light by electrons in the metal atoms.

Uploaded by

adityathegreatkarthi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Flame Test Practical

Purpose: To observe some characteristic flame colour of some metal ions.


Materials needed:
9 wooden sticks, Bunsen Burner, Metal Tongs, Sodium Chloride, Potassium
Chloride, Zinc Chloride, Copper Sulphate, Copper Chloride, Lithium Chloride,
Strontium Chloride, Calcium Chloride, Barium Chloride
Method:
1. Gather all the materials needed for the experiment.
2. Connect the Bunsen burner with the Gas Pipe and turn on the gas. After
doing this, light the fire with safety matches. (Note: The safety hole should
be open)
3. After the Bunsen burner fire is visible close the safety hole.
4. Using tongs, dip a wooden stick into the ionic compounds.
5. Hold the wooden stick towards the fire and observe the change in colour.
6. With a spectrometer, observe the colour.
7. Repeat process, until all the ionic compounds have been tested.
Results:

Chemic Formul Visual Spectrometer colours


al Name a Colour
from
eyes
Sodium NaCl Orange
Chloride

Potassiu KCl Greeni


m sh Pink
Chloride

Zinc ZnCl2 Yellow


Chloride

Copper CuSO4 Green


Sulfate
Copper CuCl2 Blue
Chloride

Lithium LiCl Red


Chloride

Strontiu SrCl2 Reddis


m h
Chloride Orange

Calcium CaCl2 Red,


Chloride Stone

Barium BaCl2 Blue,


Chloride Yellow

Theory:
Unique colours are obtained when certain metals or their salts are placed in the
flame. The flame colours come from the excitation of the electrons in the metal
atoms to higher energy states, and subsequent emission of light energy as the
electrons return to lower energy states. Flame are used to identify the presence
of metals.
Questions:
1. Explain why light is emitted during the flame test?
When the ionic compound is heated by the Bunsen burner, the electrons
get excited. The light energy that these substances produce is reflected
into our eyes.
2. Do all metals produce colours in the flame?
Yes, all metals produce colours in the flame.
3. The majority of the samples contained the chloride ion. How do
you know the flame colour observed was not produced by this
ion?
The flame colour produced was not of the chloride ion as it is not a metal
but a halogen.
4. Get an image of a spectroscope similar to the one we used?
5. Explain what the spectroscope does to the light?
It will allow you to view the spectral lines of emission and absorption.
6. Get some images of the emissions for the metals that where
tested by the spectroscope?
Refer to the above table.
7. Why is every elements emission spectra different?
This is because each type of element has a unique energy shell.
8. How is this experiment related to fireworks, street lights,
advertising signs and lasers?
The same chemical reaction is undergone to change the colour of these
lights.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, the various colours that the flame emitted was observed. This
event was also viewed through a spectroscope which showed different colour
from watching the flame with the naked eye. The criteria of the purpose of the
experiment was met. The results gave unique results.

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