CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION

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1.1 ONLINE SHOPPING
Online shopping is the process whereby consumers directly buy goods or services from a seller
in real-time, without an intermediary service, over the Internet. It is a form of electronic
commerce. An online shop, e shop, e-store, Internet shop, web shop, web store, online store, or
virtual store evokes the physical analogy of buying products or services at a bricks-and-
mortar retailer or in a shopping center. The process is called business-to-consumer (B2C) online
shopping. When a business buys from another business, it is called business-to-business (B2B)
online shopping.

In simple way, online shopping can be defined as the process of purchasing goods or services
through the Internet. To make this possible, there are at least three important things including
the Internet, online stores, and consumers. The Internet connects the buyer with the online store
via computers, smartphones, or tablets. Transaction happens over online payment method as
well. Many banks are now providing Internet-based transactions, which basically allow you to
send money to anyone (including seller) over the Internet. Some money transfer services do not
even require physical banks, so they do everything solely over the Internet for example PayPal.

Advantages of Online Shopping

Apart from the quick process of transaction without requiring physical presence of buyers and
sellers, there are many other advantages of online shopping as briefly outlined below.

1. Lower prices: Many considered that the prices of items available in the more conventional
brick & mortar stores are more affordable than those in online stores, but this was long ago.
Now that there are probably thousands (if not more) of online stores, the prices are getting more
competitive, not only between online stores, but also their offline counterparts. Many online
sellers understand that customers always compare prices before making a purchase. In many
cases, they lower the price or offer some great bundled deals to attract more buyers.

2. It is quick: One of the biggest benefits of online shopping is the fast process of finding
specific merchandise. You can of course browse through different counters in malls to find
things you want, but in an online store, all you have to do is type some words in the search box.
People with tight schedule everyday can shop online without disrupting their daily activities.

3. Items availability: When you are shopping in a department store, there is big chance that
you cannot find the items you want because the store runs out of stock, so you have to wait until

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next week to buy them. Online stores do not have such drawback even when one store runs out
of stock, you can easily switch between stores with few clicks.

4. Non persuasive and discreet: Online stores do not hire any salesperson to persuade you
to buy more or buy other things when a specific product is not currently available. There are
indeed banners or promotional codes in online stores, but you can dismiss them easily.
Moreover, there is no awkward moment when you buy personal needs for examples very large
clothes or underpants.

1.2 ONLINE AUCTION

E-auction is an auction online system where buyers bid on auction goods based on the
specifications. The number of people interacting with the world of internet is increasing; it will
make it easier to run electronic auction system. E- auction popularity was introduced in1990s,
and E-Bay is one of the notable success stories of e-auction founded in September 1995 by Pierre
Omidyar. He created a website called Auction Web in his spare time to bring online auction as a
mechanism for buyers and sellers to do transaction in online marketplace (Eu-Gene, 2010).
Currently, there are multi-billion dollar businesses doing operations over thirty countries.
Malaysia, for instance, has auction website called Lelong.com.my. It was launched in 1999 and
has become one of the top C2C auction sites. The website layout and the principle are similar to
the eBay (Eu-Gene, 2010). There are many potential issues will occur in transactions using e-
auction; the problem of the transaction can cause big problem for beginner in general.

Online auctions are very useful for businesses, regardless of its type and size. Founded in 1995,
eBay takes the credit of being the major online auction host. Many businesses have taken off
because of the auction space offered by eBay. Bidders go through the product descriptions,
shipping information and images of the item before bidding. Advancement in technologies and
implementation of new features have made online auctioning simple than ever. From the initial
development process to the integration of the online auction system, developers and software
engineers encounters many challenges and difficulties. They think, plan, analyze, design,
redesign, test and correct errors to set-up the most up-to-date online auction system for their
clients.

Basic processes involved in Online auction system are Registration for both seller and buyer,
Identifying the auction type, auction rules, names, product information, prices etc, Scheduling
times for auction sessions including starting and closing time, Bidding that includes collecting
bids and validating the collected bids, Closing the Auction and finally Trade Settlement.

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 Basic requirements for developing online auction system

1. An intuitive graphical user interface to make the navigation across the items .

2. System should be able to provide real-time information and also make relevant bidding
information such as current status of the item kept for auction, highest bid amount so far,
time remaining to make the bid, etc.

3. Options to allow multiple participation among auctioneer, bidders and guests.

4. Log in method.

5. Security measures like client authentication and authorization, bid validation and bid data
encryption should be considered. By offering High security standards data disclosure and
manipulation could be prevented.

6. Privacy feature should safeguard the privacy of participants. Server should not disclose
any relevant information to the participant.

7. Robust Server to avoid frequent failures.

This chapter presents a number of risk problems that underlie this research. It is divided into
several sections. The first section is background of the problems to be solved, followed by
problem statements and objectives of the research. Finally, it describes the scope of the research
and significance of the research.

1.3 BACKGROUND OF THE PROBLEM

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The use of e-auction system in selling auction goods increases significantly which cause the risk
level of fraud to skyrocketing as well. According to Suriati et al. (2011) about A Syariah
Compliant e-Auction Framework, their research found eight features that do not comply with
Syariah principles, do not have clarity and have fraud or cheating factors. The eight features are
identification verification, product description, payment method, bidding fee, closing period,
starting price, auction fee, and payment by third party service.

According to Abdul-Ghani (2009), a consumer in an online auction faces at least two risks: the
seller might defraud them by taking their money but fail to deliver the goods, or the delivered
goods may not meet expectations on important dimensions product quality for example.

According to Wang and Tian (2005), situation-specific risk perception is an individual concern
towards the Internets reliability as a transaction medium. They concluded that there are two
types of risk, namely predominant in the online auction environment on perceived risk associated
with privacy and security.

There are three familiar samples of a well known publicly for trading, namely website Amazon,
eBay and Yahoo. These three websites have extraordinary ability to draw a large number of
buyers and sellers for one common market. Therefore, the three websites can be used as a view
or perception risk by consumers in using e- auction system features.

1.4 FEATURES
Using Live Auctioneers tools and features, you can track and analyze performance while tapping
into the global Internet marketplace to build your business:

Live Bidding
This allows bidders to place bids at the same time as the auction is actually taking place. The
process is similar to telephone bidding, but much faster. Bidders can bid online using their
computer, or via I Phone, I Pad or Android apps.

Absentee Bidding
Once visitors have found an item that interests them, they can leave a bid online. A simple
bidding form on the item description page allows them to leave a maximum bid before the sale
starts. The bid is recorded and presented to the auctioneer via the live console when the auction
starts.

Auctioneer Dashboard
The go-to for everything involving a Live Auctioneers account. From step-by-step auction set-up
to bidder registration and approval, its all organized, along with email messaging, access to
marketing services and helpful guides and forms, just a click away.

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Our Network
Our live network runs on multiple server clusters located in two different regions of the US to
ensure redundancy. Our East Coast and Southern US data centers have fully redundant battery
power, generator back-up and massive connectivity, utilizing such reliable network providers as
Level 3, Global Crossing and Congent. A team of technologists dedicated to network and server
maintenance ensures the reliability of a complex custom system configuration to handle millions
of live bidding transactions daily.

Catalog Set-up
Item descriptions, images, estimated selling prices and contact details encourage visitors to view
your catalogs before registering to bid. After a catalog has been published on LiveAuctioneers,
registered bidders can view items and leave absentee bids, or wait to bid live on the day of the
sale.

Bidder Management Approve, Block, Set as Regular

This feature enables your company to review and approve bidders based on past online activity.
It can be done manually or with set criteria, which automatically approves bidders meeting those
conditions.

Inbox Messaging
This makes communication with bidders easy and centralized, offering you the chance to receive
and reply to bidder questions throughout the auction process.
All bidder conversations are threaded, linked to bidder profiles, and can be sorted info folders.

Statistics Tracking
Tracks how many times each item was viewed, number of visitors and referring URLs.

Self-Service Upload
Makes it possible for you to upload images and catalogs directly into the LiveAuctioneers system
24/7.

Automated Online Console

The automated console has the same look and feel of a standard auction, with the key added
benefit of running an unmanned online auction, if you prefer.

End-of-Auction Report
A performance report sent via email with critical statistics: sales totals, visits, hits, bidder
registrations and more from a recent auction.

Live Items Widget and Live Catalog Widget

Live Items Widget displays live items directly on the your website in a 220x200 window. Live
Catalog Widget displays the entire catalog on your website in the gallery layout.

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QR Code
A QR code image can be added to your print ads, allowing smart phone users to go directly to
your catalog.

Staff Permission Levels

Permission access levels for your staff can be set within a LiveAuctioneers account.

Weekly Newsletter
This newsletter is sent to bidders weekly, with links to upcoming auctions.

Help Files
This comprehensive tool helps to answer questions about running a sale online, including demo
videos and detailed steps.

Bidder Contact and Invoicing

This feature enables you to contact winning bidders with customized emails or invoices within
minutes of the auction close, avoiding the time-consuming task of invoicing. Live Auctioneers
fully automated system also allows a buyer to complete his/her purchase online.

PayPal
The platform receives automated bidder payment notifications from PayPal.

Accounting
This makes it easy to track auction accounting information.

White-Label Platform
This option allows you to customize the live bidding console and run live auctions directly from
your website.

API Integration
Your auction management software can seamlessly integrate with Live Auctioneers database
through this function.

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CHAPTER 2 - LITERATURE SURVEY

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2.1 Study of Indian online consumer and their buying behaviour

Its also convenient because you dont need to wait for the store to open. Most physical
stores have a limited array of products. They can only hold so many items. You can enjoy the
freedom of price flexibility. If you don't like the price of a product from an online shop, you
can switch to other online to store to look for cheaper price. The rapid changes in
consumers shopping behaviour and attitude witness the shift in shopping attitude and
perception for buying goods of various kinds including inexpensive goods like clothes,
watches, sun-glasses or any other household goods and expensive goods viz. kitchen
appliances, digital gadget, electronics items or jewellery. Thus the objective of this study is
to know attitude and behaviour of consumer towards apparel items. The study puts light on
the apparels buying behaviour of online shoppers of Delhi. The study also wraps up main
factors for their attitude towards shopping behaviour. Online shopping researches are
presented and discussed in light of existing empirical studies. Customers are motivated from
various factors for online shopping like fashion and design, product assortments,
presentation and convenience etc.

2.2 Design of a real time auction system

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Auction over the internet have gained popularity in the recent past. Compared to projection of
various forms of electronic commerce, online auction have been among the most successful
medium. Online auction are growing in popularity as a way of setting price and distributing the
reams of information required for complex transactions. These auction floors are suitable for
high volume, low-fee business transactions. The auction floor is a colosseum, where the bidder
tries to obtain the best of the goods for a very reasonable price. These auction floor play a very
important role in commerce and many industries, where transaction of good takes place more
frequently and in large quantities.

RTB (Real Time Bidding) is one of the most exciting developments in computational advertising
in recent years. It drives the transparency and efficiency in the display advertising ecosystem and
facilitates the healthy growth of the display advertising industry. It enables advertisers to deliver
the right message to the right person at the right time, publishers to better monetize their content
by leveraging their website audience, and consumers to view relevant information through
personalized ads .New tools and technology are required to allow the industry to grow and thrive
this new era of deregulation. New methods for buying and selling of goods are required.

2.2.1 WHAT IS AUCTION

An auction can be define as the buying & selling of goods through a system of open public
budding where trader give a bid according to a predefine scheme until only one valid bidder
remain. Most auction, like the English auction, provide a facility to share the goods among
bidder. The individual with the highest bid wins the item auctioned and earns the right to buy
item to for that price. An auction can be used to sell just about any item.Commonly, works of art,
antiques, perishable (agricultural product), and even stock are auctioned. There are variety of
auction systems that are currently being used all over the world. This auction can be classified by
whether they are single or double sided. Each of these types is further classified as sealed or
public. Dutch, English, Sealed-bid and vickery auction are some of the well Know auction types.
Anonymity, i.e., what information is revealed before, during and after the auction. For example,
the identity of the bidder could be concealed. In a sealed bid auction the final winning prices
could be kept confidential. In all auctions the amount of inventory may or may not be announced
in advance.

Rules for ending an auction. Open cry auction may end at posted closing time. Alternatively the
auction could be kept open so long as new bid continue to arrive within some time interval of the
preceding bid. This interval would be several minute in an internet auction and a few second for
an auction being conducted in a meeting room. Once the bidding phase is over, the bidder with
the highest bid get the being auctioned, but the price they pay could be the same as what they bid
or lower. Restriction on bid amount. In all auction the seller can specify the minimum starting

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bid. To speed up the bidding process minimum bid increments are often enforced. The bid
increment is roughly proportional to the current bid, i.e., they are smaller for lower bid and larger
at higher bid.

2.2.2 REAL-TIME BIDDING (RTB)

It is a means by which advertising inventory is bought and sold on a per-impression basis, via
programmatic instantaneous auction, similar to financial markets. With real-time bidding,
advertising buyers bid on an impression and, if the bid is won, the buyers ad is instantly
displayed on the publishers site. Real-time bidding lets advertisers manage and optimize ads
from multiple ad-networks by granting the user access to a multitude of different networks,
allowing them to create and launch advertising campaigns, prioritize networks and allocate
percentages of unsold inventory, known as backfill. Real-time bidding is distinguishable from
static auctions by how it is a per-impression way of bidding whereas static auctions are groups of
up to several thousand impressions. Overall, when compared to static auctions, RTB is more
effective for both advertisers and publishers in terms of advertising inventory sold.

RTB (Real Time Bidding) is one of the most exciting developments in computational advertising
in recent years. It drives the transparency and efficiency in the display advertising ecosystem and
facilitates the healthy growth of the display advertising industry. It enables advertisers to deliver
the right message to the right person at the right time, publishers to better monetize their content
by leveraging their website audience, and consumers to view relevant information through
personalized ads. Real-time bidding allows advertisers to reach the right user, in the right place,
at the right timeand assign an individual value to particular ad impression. Leveraging
advanced technology offered by a relatively small but quickly growing number of companies,
advertisers place bids on reaching specific users dynamically, and on an impressionby-
impression basis.

2.2.3 HOW IT WORKS

A typical transaction begins with a user visiting a website. This triggers a bid request that can
include various pieces of data such as the users demographic information, browsing history,
location, and the page being loaded. The request goes from the publisher to an ad exchange,
which submits it and the accompanying data to multiple advertisers who automatically submit
bids in real time to place their ads. Advertisers bid on each ad impression as it is served. The
impression goes to the highest bidder and their ad is served on the page. This process is repeated
for every ad slot on the page Real time bidding transactions typically happen within 100
milliseconds from the moment the ad exchange received the request.
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 The bidding happens autonomously and advertisers set maximum bids and budgets for an
advertising campaign. The criteria for bidding on particular types of consumers can be very
complex, taking into account everything from very detailed behavioral profiles to conversion
data.

There are four key players in RTB.

1. The publisher The publisher is used to ad inventories to be auctioned to advertiser.

2. Demand-side platforms (DSPs) give buyers direct RTB access to multiple sources of inventor.
They typically in RTB streamline ad operations with applications that simplify workflow and
reporting. DSPs are directed at advertisers that powers an ad exchange can also provide the
foundation for a DSP, allowing for synergy between advertising campaigns. The primary
distinction between an ad network and a DSP is that DSPs have the technology to determine the
value of an individual impression in real time (less than 100 milliseconds) based on what is
known about a users history. A DSP is a technology layer on top of display-buying systems that
streamlines the media buying process by using impression-level decisioning based on multiple
parameters and data sources. DSPs help media buyers aggregate, bid on and optimize digital
inventory across multiple sources.

3. Ad Exchange Where ad inventories are floated to be bid by advertiser. Advertising exchanges

are open marketplaces that allow publishers and advertisers to connect (like a stock exchange).

4. Supply-side platforms Large publishers often manage multiple advertising networks and use
supply-side platforms (SSPs) to manage advertising yield. Supply side platforms utilize data
generated from impression-level bidding to help tailor advertising campaigns. Applications to
manage ad operations are also often bundled into SSPs. SSP technology is adapted from ad
exchange technology. More commonly known as yield managers/optimizers, supply-side
platforms help publishers better manage and price their inventory. Premium publishers favor
SSPs, as they are able to protect proprietary audience data and brand reputation. SSPs currently
represent some of the largest sources of display ad inventory.

2.2.4 TEA AUCTION PROCESS

The tea industry is one of the biggest industries in India. Different varieties of tea are grown in
different part of country. Tea grown in one region of the country is now being sold all over the
country, through auction. Buyer companies, based at different parts of the country send their
human agent to these auction centres. These human agents try to obtain the best tea for the
cheapest price possible. Trading in this auction centres follow the famous English auction. Tea is
auctioned in lots. These lots are auctioned through a system of open public bidding where traders

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give successively increasing bids until either the auctioneer is satisfied with the price or only one
bidder remains. The highest bidder is entitled to the good which is then purchased from the seller
for the winning bid price. The time taken for a lot of tea to be sold after it is manufactured is very
long, about a month. This is due to the huge amount of post auction work which includes money
and good transactions.

Tea is auctioned into lots. Each lot consists of packages of a certain grade. The broker puts the
lots in one or more sale; each broker prepares a sale catalogue. Which is distributed to the entire
potential bidder along with the tea samples? Also, each broker produces a valuation sheet for the
lot in catalogue. In the sale catalogue each lot is given a lot number, which is unique with respect
to a particular broker and for a particular sale. Auction for sale is held at the auction centre for
two days in a week. The auction can also extend to a third day if necessary. The other three and
half days are utilized for accounting and completing the post auction transactions. The auction
dates and time schedule are released by the auction centre. The auction centre also specifies the
prompt dates both for buyer and the sellers. All post auction transaction has to be finished before
the prompt dates. Following are the rules that all the traders have to abide by.

All the brokers have to strictly adhere to time table. However, properly determine the price for
the future auctions the first broker in the CTC, Leaf and Dust section of the sale may if necessary
avail an extra 10 minutes and the second broker an extra 5 minutes. Also, every broker would get
an extra 3minute for every 100 lots auctioned.

2.2.5 AUCTION SYSTEM

The auction system is plays very important role in real time auctioning process. These auction
systems consist of auction information server (AIS), auction server (AS) & client these all are
connected to each other through auction system. Fig.-1: Basic Architecture of the Auction
Interface

A part from authenticating the client another important task of the AIS is to provide all the
necessary information regarding the auction to the remote client. In the real life auction, nearly
70 to 100 bidders actively participate in the bidding process. Also, in a day, 500 to 600 lots of tea
auctioned. This generates large volumes of bidding messages. Transmitting these entire message
to the client who are currently logged on to the AIS would certainly slow down the system.

When the Auction Information Server and the Auction Server are initialized, AS connect to the
AIS internally. The AIS agent transfers the auction floor messages to the client depending upon
the activity of the client. This means that if the client has actively participated by bidding for the
lot, all the bidding messages pending till then are transmitted to the client as a single message
this work is done by Auction Server. Otherwise, the message is not read from the message queue.
If there are three or more than three pending messages all of them are transmitted to the client as

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a single message. This reduces the number of messages and thus reduces the network traffic. The
value three can be changed. The last agent to read the message removes the message from the
message queue. Each message is signed with the current value of the Nuance for that session.
This process is quite similar to the normal chatting.

2.2.6 Technical challenges

Existing auction are widely used for trading goods, whose price is less affected by the time taken
to sell them. These goods are auctioned for a long period of time ranging from a few hours to
few days. The existing auction systems are designed using existing technology like Hyper Text
Transfer Protocol (HTTP), Java Applet, JavaScript, and Secure Socket Layer (SSL) that drive the
Internet. These technologies follow the well known clientserver architecture.

The client-server system over the Internet works well for auction which are conducted over a
relatively long period of time. Here a client is provided with an interface, implemented as a java
applet in the browser, for the auction floor. The client carries out the bidding process through this
interface. The server receives the bidding information which is usually the bid value, and makes
decisions accordingly. Later the server broadcasts the bidding information and the decision to all
the clients that are involved in the auction. Foe realizing real-time auction where bidding and
decision making is done within fixed amount of time, this auctioning architecture requires many
changes to meet the demand for highly reliable, high bandwidth, connection. Important issues
that are considered while designing such architecture is given below. The network speed does not
remain constant throughout the auction period, due to the network traffic. Such variation in
network latencies can be surmounted by conducting the bidding process locally. Internet
connections are still unreliable. Network link failures during bidding process can be avoided by
automating bidding process on the auction server.

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CHAPTER 3- MOTIVATION AND
PROBLEM STATEMENT

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3.1 MOTIVATION
Buyer behavior of consumers plays one of the key roles for fulfillment of the main goals of a
company. It is influenced by many external and internal factors but the company can also
influence the final process of buyer decision-making process significantly by its activities.

Buyer behavior of consumers is subject of many researches, mainly in the area of marketing, as it
is of crucial importance for company success. Consumer behavior on the Web has been the
subject of considerable research in the last few years, but understanding it is made difficult by
the fact that the main entities involved, consumers and businesses, have benn transformed
(Koufaris, 2002). It is clear that this area influences many aspects of the current online and
offline business. The subject of this article is to identify them.

However, various models of consumer behavior have been established that could be of great use
since, after all, homepages could be considered to be advertisements, thanks to their conceptual
similarity, physical appearance and functions fulfilled (Singh and Dalal, 1999). Attitude can be
considered one of the most important concepts in the study of consumer behavior as, according
to the literature, it is the direct determinant of this behavior. This functional view of attitude
suggests that people hold attitudes to determine how to respond to their environment (Castaneda
et al., 2009) The aim of the article is to analyze the specific features and motives of online buyer
behavior in B2C business, description of current trends and possible prediction of its further
development. As the starting point for achievement of the goals of the article, Maslows theory of

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motivation is used and a questionnaire survey is made focused on the motives of online buyer
behavior of selected respondents.

3.1.2 BUYER BEHAVIOR IN GENERAL

The issues of buyer behavior are already characterized directly or indirectly by some directions
in the historic development of management. They include psychological and social approaches
which pay significant attention to motivation.

The subject matter of interest of these approaches is primarily the issues of the management
style, focus on the employees of the company and efficient interpersonal communication.
Despite that, in these theories it is also possible to find some inspiration for understanding of
principles and motives of buyer behavior of consumers. The representatives of this style of
thinking are for example D. McGregor, A. Maslow, F. Herzberg, C. P. Alderfer, D. McClelland,
V.H. Vroom, L.W. Porter and others (Blaek, 2011).

Humanistic management theories, the main representative of which is A. Maslow, emphasize an

individual development as the basic need of a person. However, there are many people who are
not interested in self-improvement and they are only motivated by existential or social needs
(Blohlvek et al., 2001). Abraham Maslow formulated a hierarchy of needs which divides
motives according to five levels of significance. The basic needs are at the bottom of the
hierarchy and the highest needs in its top part. However, they do not have to be fully satisfied.
The higher we get, the lower the percentage of satisfaction is which is necessary for a higher
need to emerge (Solomon et al., 2006).

Abraham Maslow believed that provision of physiological needs and feelings of safety is not
sufficient for universal motivation of a person. Maslows hierarchy of needs can be adapted
successfully to the market segmentation and preparation of advertising statements as there are
goods intended for satisfaction of each level of needs and most needs are shared by large
segments of consumers. Solomon et al. (2006) therefore applied the Maslows pyramid of needs
for understanding of motives of buyer behavior of consumers and subsequent efficient
application of marketing communication with potential customers, as human needs needs of
the consumer are the basis of modern marketing, the core of the marketing conception which is
related to the goal of the article: Physiological needs basic needs (their satisfaction is necessary
for survival), such as water, sleep, food, also medicine and goods of everyday use.

Marketing specialists must understand this influence and its relative significance in order to be
able to make efficient marketing decisions. A significant role is played here by social conditions,
habits, offer and demand and last but not least the sale method and technology. The task of the

17
marketer is to understand the process happening in the customers mind, starting from the
moment when the customer receives stimuli from the outside until making a purchase decision.

The factors influencing behavior of the consumer can be divided into two basic groups, external
and internal ones. The internal factors include personal and psychological factors and the
external ones include cultural and social or demographic factors. Purchases of every individual
are influenced by four psychological factors: motivation, perception, learning and attitude.
During the final purchase decision, motivation plays one of the key roles and it represents one of
the factors influencing purchase behavior of the consumer.

3.1.2 PROCESS OF ONLINE BUYER BEHAVIOR

With the existence of online environment, the basic principles of buyer behavior are changing..
Internet environment Internet users can find objective and subjective information about the
products and companies easier than ever. Online companies compute not only to each other but
also with potential online customer (positive and negative references, internet communities,
social networks and social media etc.).

Social media provides an interactive communication between its users. With social media, the
marketing activities had to be reformulated. Modern forms of marketing activities Traditional
marketing forms are not in the Internet environment effective. With the development of e-
commerce, new marketing activities had to be created marketing on social networks and media,
viral marketing, online word-of-mouth and buzz marketing, online interactive communication.
Online potential shoppers are interested in only the marketing activities that can offer for them
the value added (online games and competitions, community identifying with products and
company, online sharing etc.). Internet community Internet users discuss about their life style
about products and companies, find detail information about them. Opinion of internet
community (in social media, discussion forums i.e.) influence the final online buying decision
process. The internet company in its marketing has to join the internet community and manage
the online communication.

Subject of online shopping Online shoppers buy the most with electronics and techniques,
books, tickets or clothes and cosmetics. The online buying of food is at the moment the rarity
(during the time it is expected the increasing of online buying of goods). The expectation is that
the common buying will move the online environment.

The main motives to the online shopping are lower costs, comfort of shopping (nonstop and
everywhere), saving time and buying of non-traditional and exclusive goods. The another
motives can be the increasing trends of online shopping in general or changing life styles on
consumers. The question is if these motives are dependent on social status and role, age,

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education or income of online shoppers. Older generation find and try the product on traditional
market, after that they do online shopping. Younger generation make the all buying decision-
making process online.

Online and offline environment Marketing activities of the companies Economic and
technological factors Political and legislative factors Sociological and psychological factors
Process of online buyer decision making E-business and e-commerce environment Legislation
for e-commerce Trust in e-commerce Trends of e-commerce Social media and networks Internet
auction, P2P market Online companies Online buyer behavior OUTPUT Internet communities
Traditional marketing Modern marketing E-shop, webdesign Impulsive behavior Rational
behavior Motives, emotions Socio-cultural factors Life style Other psychological factors Price of
product Quality of product Customer service Other marketing activities 20 Journal of
Competitiveness The process model respects the global aspects of online and offline behavior
(economic, political, legislative, marketing activities of companies, technological, psychological
and sociological factors). With the input of the process, it is needed to respect the e-business and
e-commerce environment that is influenced by its trends, legislation and consumer trust. This
environment is specified according to type and form of online retailing (P2P market and social
media and social networks, online companies (B2C) or internet auctions (C2C).

The online buyer decisionmaking process is influenced by the two groups of factors external
factors (that come from the sellers and internet communities) and internal factor (like motives,
emotions, socio-cultural and other psychological factors). The online buyer decision-making
process can be impulsive and rational. Finally, the process ends up with the online buying. The
output of this process has an impact on price and quality of the offered products in online and
offline environment, customer service and other marketing activities. It is clear that online buyer
behavior has very similar features like the ones in the area of the whole market (demographic,
psychological, sociological factors). However, there are some specific features here
characterizing the actual virtual environment.

3.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

The main problem in this study is What is the consumer perception on relation between e-
auction features and perceived risk?

Thus, based on the main questions, several sub-questions can be derived from the main research
question as follows:

What are the features of e-auction system influence by consumer perceived

How to understand the perception of consumer perceived risk when using e- auction
system?

19
 What is the most influent factor of perceived risk?

CHAPTER-4 METHODOLOGY

20
4.1 METHODOLOGY USED
The modules which are used in the project are:

Home Page

The site opens up door to aspiring users through the home page. The Home Page is designed
in such a way that the layout is as user-friendly as possible. There is a navigation bar at the
top of the page which links to various inner pages.

Login/User Registration

Those who wish to take part in bidding or sell products at the site have to registeras a seller
or buyer. Only authenticated user can take part in selling or in bidding procedures or else it
automatically rejects an un-authenticated user who try to bid or sell at the site.

Register Products

This module is for presenting items for bidding. Only those who have been registered as
authenticated sellers can place their articles for bidding. The module collects details like
Product name, Product Details, Starting bid amount.

21
 Bidding Module

The module is for bidding on any selected item. The bidder has the right to participate in
bidding. The system checks whether the incrementation done by the bidder is equal or more
than the incremental minimum set during the starting of the bidding process. The system
places the record in bid history against the bidder account.

Auction Module

This page is an interface for both buyer and seller. Buyer can see to the history of items
which are still open to bid which he/she has already choosen to bid for and can see the
progress of bidding on the items/articles he/she has placed for bidding. An interface layer
connecting different modules together for better and efficient functioning of the project is
considered to be the auction module. Different items available for bidding whose auction is
going on can be checked out through this module and participation can be taken through this
module.

Feedback

The purpose of the page is to send messages/comments to the web administrator.

Admin Module

This is the administration module which is open to web administrator only. The administrator
can add product categories and can edit product information. Also ther is an option for
administrating the closed bid. This module is for contacting the bidder through email to
settle the transaction within the time frame.

22
4.2 MODELS USED
4.2.1 Waterfall Model

The waterfall model is the most classic model of software engineering. This model is one of the
oldest models and is widely used in government projects and in many companies. Because the
model emphasizes planning in the early stages, it catches design flaws before they develop.
Because the model is document and planning intensive, it works well for projects and quality
control is a major concern.

System Requirements

It establishes the components for building the system, including the hardware requirements,
software tools and other necessary components. Examples include decisions on hardware as
plug-in-boards.

Software Requirements

The software requirement specification document enlists all necessary requirements for
development. To derive the requirements we need to have clear and thorough products to be
developed. This is prepared after detailed communications wih project seller and customer. It
establishes the expectations for software functionality and identifier of the requirements the
software effects. Requirement analysis includes determining interactions of the applications
and databases, performance requirements, user interface requirements and software
requirement specification (SRS) a requirement specification for a software system for the
description of the behavior of the system to be developed. It includes a set of use case and the
interactions the users will have with the software.

A software requirementis a sub-field of software engineering that demands code analysis,

specification and validation of requirements for software. There is no overlap between stages.

23
 In real world development, however you can discover issues during the design or coding
stage that point out errors or gaps in the requirements. The waterfall model does not prohibit
returning to an earlier phase, for example, from the design phase to the requirements phase.
However this includes costly rework.

Architectural Design

It determines the software framework of a system to meet the specified requirements. The
design defines the major components and the interaction of those components but the design
does not define the structure of each component. It also determines the external interfaces
and tools used in the project. The phase of the design of computer architecture and software
architecture is that it should realize all which typically consists of the lists of modules, brief
functionality of each module and their interface relationships, dependencies, database tables,
architecture diagrams, etc. The integration testing design is carried out in the particular
phase.

Detailed Design
It examines the software components defined in the architectural design stage. It describes
the specification for how each component is implemented. The Component design phase
includes the design of how any particular component will work and communicate. There is
not likely to be a document covering all the designs as they are designed by different people.
In many cases these designs are designed by themselves.

Coding
It implements the the detailed design specification. Once the design is complete then the
important decisions about the system have been made. The goal of the coding phase includes
the design of the system into code in a given programming language. For a given design
phase this phase is to implement the design in the best possible manner. The coding is
followed by processes as testing and maintenance profoundly. A well written code reduces
the testing and maintenance effort. Since the testing and maintenance cost of software are
much higher than the goal of coding. The main focus is on developing programs that are easy
to write. Its main goal is to reduce the testing and maintenance effort. An important concept
that helps in coding phase is that to create programs using structured programming.

24
The goal of structured programming is to arrange the control flow in the program. That is,
program text should be recognized as a sequence of statements and during execution, the
requirements are executed in the sequence in the program. For stuructred programming, a few
single-entry-single-exit constructs should be used. This testing of modules is called unit
testing.

Consequently, this phase is often reffered to as coding and unit testing. The output of this
phase is the verified and unit tested code of the different modules.

Testing

It determines whether the software meets the specified requirements and finds any errors present
in the code. Testing is the major quality control measure employed during software development
phase. Its basic function is to detect errors in the software. During requirement analysis and
design in output is a document that is usually textual and non-executable. After the coding phase
the computer programs are available that can be executed for testing phase. This implies that the
fact not only has to uncover errors introduced during coding, but also errors introduced
developed in the previous phases. Thus, the goal of testing is to uncover requirement, design or
coding of the programs.

Manitenance
It addresses problems and enhancementsrequests after the software releases the organizations
a change control board maintains the quality of the productby the change made in the
maintaenance stage. Consider applying the full waterfall development model when correcting
problems or implementing these enhancement requests.

In each stage, you create documents that explain objectives and describe the described given that
phase. At the end of each stage, you hold a review to determine whether to proceed to the next
stage. You can also incorporate prototyping into the architectural design and after all.

25
 Figure 1: Waterfall Model

4.2.2 SPIRAL MODEL

The spiral model is a risk-driven process model generator for software projects. Based on the
unique risk patterns of a given project, the spiral model guides a team to adopt elements of one
or more process models, such as incremental, waterfall, or evolutionary prototyping. Spiral
model is a combination of sequential and prototype model. This model is best used for large
projects which involves continuous enhancements. There are specific activities which are done in
one iteration (spiral) where the output is a small prototype of the large software. The same
activities are then repeated for all the spirals till the entire software is build.

This model is very good to use for larger projects where you can develop and deliver smaller
prototypes and can enhance it to make the larger software. The implementation of this model
requires experienced resources as risk analysis is a very integral part of this model and risk
analysis requires expertise and as a result this model becomes costly . The spiral model is similar
to the incremental model, with more emphasis placed on risk analysis. The spiral model has four
phases: Planning, Risk Analysis, Engineering and Evaluation. A software project repeatedly
passes through these phases in iterations. The baseline spiral, starting in the planning phase,

26
requirements are gathered and risk is assessed. Each subsequent spirals builds on the baseline
spiral.

Planning Phase: Requirements are gathered during the planning phase. Requirements like
BRS that is Bussiness Requirement Specifications and SRS that is System Requirement
specifications.

Risk Analysis: In the risk analysis phase, a process is undertaken to identify risk and alternate
solutions. A prototype is produced at the end of the risk analysis phase. If any risk is found
during the risk analysis then alternate solutions are suggested and implemented.

Engineering Phase: In this phase software is developed, along with testing at the end of the
phase. Hence in this phase the development and testing is done.

Evaluation phase: This phase allows the customer to evaluate the output of the project to date
before the project continues to the next spiral.

When to Use Spiral model?

Spiral model is used in the following scenarios:

When the project is large.

Where the software needs continuous risk evaluation.
Requirements are a bit complicated and require continuous clarification.
Software requires significant changes.
Where enough time frame is their to get end user feedback.
Where releases are required to be frequent.

Advantages of Spiral model:

High amount of risk analysis hence, avoidance of Risk is enhanced.

Good for large and mission-critical projects.

27
 Strong approval and documentation control.

Additional Functionality can be added at a later date.

Software is produced early in the software life cycle.

Disadvantages of Spiral model:

Can be a costly model to use.

Risk analysis requires highly specific expertise.

Projects success is highly dependent on the risk analysis phase.

Doesnt work well for smaller projects.

This model was first described by Barry Boehm in his 1986 paper "A Spiral Model of Software
Development and Enhancement". In 1988 Boehm published a similar paper] to a wider audience.
These papers introduce a diagram that has been reproduced in many subsequent publications
discussing the spiral model.

These early papers use the term "process model" to refer to the spiral model as well as to
incremental, waterfall, prototyping, and other approaches. Risk-driven subsetting of the spiral
model steps allows the model to accommodate any appropriate mixture of a specification-
oriented, prototype-oriented, simulation-oriented, automatic transformation-oriented, or other
approach to software development.

In later publications, Boehm describes the spiral model as a "process model generator", where
choices based on a project's risks generate an appropriate process model for the project. Thus, the
incremental, waterfall, prototyping, and other process models are special cases of the spiral
model that fit the risk patterns of certain projects.

Boehm also identifies a number of misconceptions arising from oversimplifications in the

original spiral model diagram. He says the most dangerous of these misconceptions are:

that the spiral is simply a sequence of waterfall increments;

28
 that all project activities follow a single spiral sequence; and

that every activity in the diagram must be performed, and in the order shown.

While these misconceptions may fit the risk patterns of a few projects, they are not true for most
projects.

To better distinguish them from "hazardous spiral look-alikes", Boehm lists six characteristics
common to all authentic applications of the spiral model.

Figure 2: Spiral Model

29
CHAPTER-5 TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGY

30
5.1 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

Operating System : Windows 7/8

User Interface : HTML/CSS
Front end : JSP/SERVLET
Back end : MYSQL
Programming Language : Java
Database : SQL,SERVER

5.2 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

Processor : Pentium IV or Higher

Hard Disk : 40 GB or more
RAM : 4 GB or more

31
CHAPTER-6 OVERVIEW OF TECHNOLOGY
USED

32
6.1.1 Structured Query Language (SQL):
To work with data in a database, you must use a set of commands and statements (language)
defined by the DBMS software. There are several different languages that can be used with
relational databases; the most common in SQL. Both the American National Standards Institute
(ANSI) and the International Standards Organisations (ISO) have defined standards for SQL.
Most of the DBMS products support the Entry level of SQL-92, the latest SQL.

Microsoft SQL Server supports a set of featuresthat results in the following benefits:

Ease of installation, deployment and use

SQL Server includes a set of administrative and development tools that improve installation,
deployement , manage and use SQL Server across several sites.

Scalability

The same database engine can be used across platforms ranging from laptop computers of
Microsoft Windows to large multiprocessors servers.

Data warehousing

SQL Sever includes tools for extracting and analyzing summary data tools for processing
(OLAP). SQL Server also includes tools for visually designing of data using English based
questions.

System integration with other server software

SQL Server integrates with e-mail, the Internet, and windows.

6.1.2 SERVLET

33
Servlet technology is used to create web application that resides at server side and generates
dynamic web page. Servlet technology is robust and scalable because of java language. Before
Servlet, CGI (Common Gateway Interface) scripting language was popular as a server-side
programming language. servlets support a request and response programming model. When a
client sends a request to the server, the server sends the request to the servlet. The servlet then
constructs a response that the server sends back to the client. Unlike CGI scripts, however,
servlets run within the same process as the HTTP server. When a client request is made,
the service method is called and passed a request and response object. The servlet first
determines whether the request is a GET or POST operation. It then calls one of the following
methods: doGet or doPost. The doGet method is called if the request isGET, and doPost is called
if the request is POST. Both doGet and doPost take request ( HttpServletRequest) and response
(HttpServletResponse).

Advantages of Servlet

There are many advantages of servlet over CGI. The web container creates threads for handling
the multiple requests to the servlet. Threads have a lot of benefits over the Processes such as they
share a common memory area, lightweight, cost of communication between the threads are low.
The basic benefits of servlet are as follows:

1. better performance: because it creates a thread for each request not process.

2. Portability: because it uses java language.

3. Robust: Servlets are managed by JVM so we don't need to worry about memory leak,
garbage collection etc.

4. Secure: because it uses java language..

6.1.3 Java Server Pages (JSP)

The JSP technology--which abstracts servlets to a higher level--is an open, freely available
specification developed by Sun Microsystems as an alternative to Microsoft's Active Server
Pages (ASP) technology, and a key component of the Java 2 Enterprise Edition (J2EE)

34
specification. Many of the commercially available application servers (such as BEA WebLogic,
IBM WebSphere, Live JRun, Orion, and so on) support JSP technology

A JSP page is basically a web page with traditional HTML and bits of Java code. The file
extension of a JSP page is .jsp rather than .html or .htm, which tells the server that this page
requires special handling that will be accomplished by a server extension or a plug-in.

When a JSP page is called, it will be compiled (by the JSP engine) into a Java servlet. At this
point the servlet is handled by the servlet engine, just like any other servlet. The servlet engine
then loads the servlet class (using a class loader) and executes it to create dynamic HTML to be
sent to the browser. The servlet creates any necessary object, and writes any object as a string to
an output stream to the browser. The next time the page is requested, the JSP engine executes the
already-loaded servlet unless the JSP page has changed, in which case it is automatically
recompiled into a servlet and executed.

Advantages of JSP

We can generate HTML response from servlets also but the process is cumbersome and
error prone, when it comes to writing a complex HTML response, writing in a servlet will
be a nightmare. JSP helps in this situation and provide us flexibility to write normal HTML
page and include our java code only where its required.

JSP provides additional features such as tag libraries, expression language, custom tags
that helps in faster development of user views.

JSP pages are easy to deploy, we just need to replace the modified page in the server and
container takes care of the deployment. For servlets, we need to recompile and deploy
whole project again.

35
CHAPTER7- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

36
7.1 RESULTS
The Maslows hierarchy of needs still shows its topicality as regards the current possibilities of a
business and marketing conception. However, we can see that motives cannot be deduced easily
from the consumers behavior as motivation is a highly dynamic process which changes
constantly in reaction to the life experience. Success of a company is connected mainly with
satisfaction of the consumers needs which were categorized by Maslow in five independent
grades. Acceptance of this theory will make understanding of the main motives of consumers
easier to understand and buyer behavior will subsequently be influenced by the seller or
manufacturer. By means of the independence test it was examined whether there is a relation
between the age of respondents and motivation for online shopping. In this respect, the
hypothesis was not rejected there is no relation between age of respondents and motives to
online shopping. This means that respondents in various age groups have different motives to the
buying on the Internet.

This conclusion shows that the target group is potential customers in the age 18 35 years old
(according to statistical data CSO, 2012). This target group is mostly focused on buying of goods
that is exclusive, special goods or cost-effective. The other age groups (under 18, over 35) are in
motives different convenience of online buying or curiosity. Especially marketers should take
this fact into account. The other test of coincidence (X2-test) has rejected the hypothesis that
experiences with buying on the Internet are not evenly distributed. This means that respondents
have more positive experiences with buying on the Internet than negative. This conclusion shows
that safety and con- 28 Journal of Competitiveness fidence in online buying is increasing but
there are still speculations to dishonest online sellers.

From the research of bibliography and other sources it is clear that besides known factors
influencing online buyer behavior there is also other influence, such as social media in the form
of social networks, blogs and other instruments. Discussion forums, sharing of opinions and
experience on social medias influences significantly the final decisions of users for online
shopping. Therefore it is important for online traders to include this marketing tool of their

37
online business activities in the strategy of the company. The questionnaire survey carried out in
person showed that 48 % of respondents have already bought something on the Internet, 16 % of
which buys regularly which is a result below average compared to the results from other relevant
surveys. The survey also showed that the biggest motivation for purchase on the Internet is lower
prices, also convenient shopping and a wider range of goods and finally also a possibility of a
bigger choice, which corresponds to the other researches carried out in this subject. 65 % of
respondents are planning further purchases on the Internet for future. Most often the respondents
buy books, music, software, electrical appliances and tickets to various events and this result
again corresponds to other researches.

CHAPTER 8- CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE

38
8.1 CONCLUSION
The aim of the article was to analyze behavior of consumers when shopping on the Internet and
their motives. The resulting data show that awareness of the Internet and its use in everyday life
is constantly increasing, which means that goals of this article have been fulfilled. Naturally,
some stimuli are identical with the generally known customer behavior during purchase. Despite
that we can say that electronic trading has its special features and differences. Everybody who
wants to enter the network world in order to offer their products and services there must be aware
of the distinctive approach, count on it and adapt to it. The results show that motives of online
shopping behavior are independent on age of respondents. Motives in each age group are the
same and marketers do not have to select motives of online shopping according to age of
respondents.

Scope of the Research

This research focuses on:

Four cost features of e-auction system; payment method, auction fee, bidding fee, and
third party services.
Consumer perceived risk in cost features of e-auction system.
Four dimensions perceived risk; performance, psychological, financial, and time.

Significance of the Research

The significances of this research are as follows:

This research can be used by other researchers to overcome the risk of online auction
system problem
This research will have great impact for developing e-auction system in order to get trust
from customer.

39
 This research is very useful for e-auction system makers to improve the security of the
online auction features.

CHAPTER 9-CODING

40
@CHARSET "ISO-8859-1";

#Bar{

background:#3b5998;

border-bottom: 1px solid #0053A6;

box-shadow: 0 0 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.52);

min-width: 1000px;

width: 100%;

z-index: 1000;

#Frame {

margin-left:auto;

margin-right:auto;

max-width:1000px;

height:80px;

display:block;

41
}

#size{

max-width:1000px;

height:100px;

#c{font-size:20pt;margin-top:8px;color:navy;background-color:white;

border-style:solid;border-color:navy;padding: 1px;padding-left: 7px;padding-right: 7px

#logo1 {

position: absolute;

top: 10px;

font-size:23px; font-weight:bold; color:#FFF;

text-decoration:none;

font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode", "Lucida Grande", sans-serif;

42
}

.nav{

margin-top:45px;

float:right;

border: none;

font-family: "Lucida Sans Unicode", "Lucida Grande", sans-serif;

.nav ul{

margin-top:10px;

margin: 0px;

padding: 0px;

list-style-type: none;

.nav li{

padding: 14px;

display: inline;

top: 10px;

font-size:23px; font-weight:bold; color:#FFF;

text-decoration:none;

43
 font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode", "Lucida Grande", sans-serif;

.dropbtn {

min-width: 160px;

background-color: white;

color: #3b5998;

padding: 15px;

font-size: 20px;

font:bold;

border: 8px solid #3b5998 ;

border-radius: 10px;

cursor: pointer;

/* The container <div> - needed to position the dropdown content */

.dropdown {

position: relative;

display: inline-block;

/* Dropdown Content (Hidden by Default) */

.dropdown-content {

44
 display: none;

position: absolute;

background-color: #f9f9f9;

min-width: 160px;

box-shadow: 0px 8px 16px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);

/* Links inside the dropdown */

.dropdown-content a {

color: black;

padding: 12px 16px;

text-decoration: none;

display: block;

/* Change color of dropdown links on hover */

.dropdown-content a:hover {background-color: #f1f1f1}

/* Show the dropdown menu on hover */

.dropdown:hover .dropdown-content {

display: block;

/* Change the background color of the dropdown button when the dropdown content is shown */

45
.dropdown:hover .dropbtn {

background-color: white;

/* search box */

.button_box2 {

margin:100px auto;

/*-------------------------------------*/

.cf:before, .cf:after{

content:"";

display:table;

.cf:after{

clear:both;

.cf{

zoom:1;

/*-------------------------------------*/

.form-wrapper-2 {

width:450px;

padding: 15px;

46
background: #555;

-moz-border-radius: 10px;

-webkit-border-radius: 10px;

border-radius: 10px;

-moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.4) inset, 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.2);

-webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.4) inset, 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.2);

box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.4) inset, 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.2);

.form-wrapper-2 input {

width: 310px;

height: 40px;

padding: 10px 5px;

float: left;

font: bold 15px 'Raleway', sans-serif;

border: 0;

background: #eee;

-moz-border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;

-webkit-border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;

border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;

.form-wrapper-2 input:focus {

outline: 0;

background: #fff;

-moz-box-shadow: 0 0 2px rgba(0,0,0,.8) inset;

47
-webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 2px rgba(0,0,0,.8) inset;

box-shadow: 0 0 2px rgba(0,0,0,.8) inset;

.form-wrapper-2 input::-webkit-input-placeholder {

color: /*#999;*/#3b5998;

font-weight: normal;

font-style: italic;

.form-wrapper-2 input:-moz-placeholder {

color: #999;

font-weight: normal;

font-style: italic;

.form-wrapper-2 input:-ms-input-placeholder {

color: #999;

font-weight: normal;

font-style: italic;

.form-wrapper-2 button {

overflow: visible;

position: relative;

float: right;

border: 0;

padding: 0;

48
cursor: pointer;

height: 40px;

width: 110px;

font: bold 15px/40px 'Raleway', sans-serif;

color: #fff;

text-transform: uppercase;

background: /*#D88F3C;*/#3b5998;

-moz-border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;

-webkit-border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;

border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;

text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0 ,0, .3);

.form-wrapper-2 button:hover{

background: #FA8807;

.form-wrapper-2 button:active,

.form-wrapper-2 button:focus{

background: /*#c42f2f;*/#3b5998;

.form-wrapper-2 button:before {

content: '';

position: absolute;

border-width: 8px 8px 8px 0;

border-style: solid solid solid none;

49
border-color: transparent #3b5998/*#D88F3C*/ transparent;

top: 12px;

left: -6px;

.form-wrapper-2 button:hover:before{

border-right-color: #FA8807;

.form-wrapper-2 button:focus:before{

border-right-color:/* #c42f2f*/#3b5998;

.form-wrapper-2 button::-moz-focus-inner {

border: 0;

padding: 0;}

LOG.JAVA:-

import java.io.IOException;

import java.sql.*;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

50
/**

* Servlet implementation class Log

*/

@WebServlet("/Log")

public class Log extends HttpServlet {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

/**

* @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()

*/

public Log() {

super();

// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub

/**

* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

*/

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws

ServletException, IOException {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

51
 /**

* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

*/

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

throws ServletException, IOException {

String id=request.getParameter("id");

String pass=request.getParameter("pass");

try{

Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

Connection cn=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost/auction?
user=root&password=painting");

String str="Select * from signin where id=? and pass=?";

PreparedStatement st=cn.prepareStatement(str);

st.setString(1, id);

st.setString(2, pass);

ResultSet re=st.executeQuery();

if(re.next())

HttpSession hs=request.getSession();

hs.setAttribute("uid", id);

String fname=re.getString(2);

String lname=re.getString(3);

hs.setAttribute("uname", fname+""+lname);

52
 cn.close();

response.sendRedirect("welcome.jsp?
fname="+fname+"&lname="+lname);

else

response.sendRedirect("error.html");

catch(Exception e)

//pw.println(e.getMessage());}

STOREPHOTO.JAVA:-

import java.io.*;

import java.sql.Connection;

import java.sql.DriverManager;

import java.sql.PreparedStatement;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.annotation.MultipartConfig;

53
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;

54
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

import javax.servlet.http.Part;

/**

* Servlet implementation class storephoto

*/

@WebServlet("/storephoto")

@MultipartConfig(maxFileSize = 2660420)

public class storephoto extends HttpServlet {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

/**

* @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()

*/

public storephoto() {

super();

// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub

55
 /**

* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

*/

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws

ServletException, IOException {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

/**

* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

*/

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

throws ServletException, IOException {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

String Title=request.getParameter("title");

String Category=request.getParameter("Category");

String Description=request.getParameter("area");

String Prize=request.getParameter("prize");

String id=request.getParameter("id");

InputStream inputStream1=null;

InputStream inputStream2=null;

InputStream inputStream3=null;

InputStream inputStream4=null;

56
Part filePart1=request.getPart("p1");

if(filePart1!=null)

inputStream1=filePart1.getInputStream();

Part filePart2=request.getPart("p2");

if(filePart2!=null)

inputStream2=filePart2.getInputStream();

Part filePart3=request.getPart("p3");

if(filePart3!=null)

inputStream3=filePart3.getInputStream();

Part filePart4=request.getPart("p4");

if(filePart4!=null)

inputStream4=filePart4.getInputStream();

57
 PrintWriter pw=null;

try

pw=response.getWriter();

Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

Connection cn=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost/auction?
user=root&password=painting");

String str="insert into storage values(?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?)";

PreparedStatement st=cn.prepareStatement(str);

st.setString(1,Title);

st.setString(2,Category);

st.setString(3,Description);

if(inputStream1!=null)

st.setBlob(4,inputStream1);

if(inputStream2!=null)

st.setBlob(5,inputStream2);

if(inputStream3!=null)

58
 {

st.setBlob(6,inputStream3);

if(inputStream4!=null)

st.setBlob(7,inputStream4);

st.setString(8,Prize);

st.setString(9,id);

st.executeUpdate();

cn.close();

//pw.print("upload successfull");

response.sendRedirect("startauction.jsp");

catch(Exception e)

pw.println(e.getMessage());}

MYJAVA.JAVA:-

59
import java.io.IOException;

import java.sql.*;

import java.sql.ResultSet;

import java.util.*;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**

* Servlet implementation class Myjava

*/

@WebServlet("/Myjava")

public class Myjava extends HttpServlet {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

ArrayList<String> getBidDetail(String rid)

ArrayList<String> all=new ArrayList<String>();

try

60
 Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

Connection cn=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost/auction?
user=root&password=painting");

String str="select Name,Bid from bids b1 where bid=(select max(Bid) from bids
b2 where b2.rid=b1.rid)";

PreparedStatement st=cn.prepareStatement(str);

ResultSet rs=st.executeQuery();

if(rs.next())

all.add(rs.getString(0));

all.add(rs.getString(1));

cn.close();

catch(Exception e)

return all;

/**

* @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()

*/

public Myjava() {

super();

61
 }

/**

* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

*/

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws

ServletException, IOException {

/**

* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

*/

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

throws ServletException, IOException {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

SIGNUP.JAVA:-

import java.io.IOException;

62
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import java.io.*;

import java.sql.Connection;

import java.sql.DriverManager;

import java.sql.PreparedStatement;

/**

* Servlet implementation class SignUp

*/

@WebServlet("/SignUp")

public class SignUp extends HttpServlet {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

/**

* @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()

*/

public SignUp() {

super();

63
 // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub

/**

* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

*/

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws

ServletException, IOException {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

/**

* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

*/

import java.sql.Connection;

import java.sql.DriverManager;

import java.sql.PreparedStatement;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.annotation.MultipartConfig;

import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

64
import javax.servlet.http.Part;

/**

* Servlet implementation class storephoto

*/

@WebServlet("/storephoto")

@MultipartConfig(maxFileSize = 2660420)

public class storephoto extends HttpServlet {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

/**

* @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()

*/

public storephoto() {

super();

// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub

/**

* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

*/

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws

ServletException, IOException {

65
 // TODO Auto-generated method stub

/**

* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

*/

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

throws ServletException, IOException {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

String Title=request.getParameter("title");

String Category=request.getParameter("Category");

String Description=request.getParameter("area");

String Prize=request.getParameter("prize");

String id=request.getParameter("id");

InputStream inputStream1=null;

InputStream inputStream2=null;

InputStream inputStream3=null;

InputStream inputStream4=null;

Part filePart1=request.getPart("p1");

if(filePart1!=null)

inputStream1=filePart1.getInputStream();

66
 Part filePart2=request.getPart("p2");

if(filePart2!=null)

inputStream2=filePart2.getInputStream();

Part filePart3=request.getPart("p3");

if(filePart3!=null)

inputStream3=filePart3.getInputStream();

Part filePart4=request.getPart("p4");

if(filePart4!=null)

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)

throws ServletException, IOException {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

String id=request.getParameter("id");

String fname=request.getParameter("fname");

String lname=request.getParameter("lname");

String mnum=request.getParameter("mnum");

String rnum=request.getParameter("rnum");

String pass=request.getParameter("pass");

67
 String Day=request.getParameter("Day");

String Month=request.getParameter("Month");

String Year=request.getParameter("Year");

String gender=request.getParameter("gender");

PrintWriter pw=null;

try{

pw =response.getWriter();

Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

Connection cn=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost/auction?
user=root&password=painting");

String str="insert into signin values(?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?)";

PreparedStatement st=cn.prepareStatement(str);

st.setString(1,id);

st.setString(2, fname);

st.setString(3, lname);

st.setString(4,mnum);

st.setString(5, rnum);

st.setString(6,pass);

st.setString(7,Day );

st.setString(8, Month);

st.setString(9, Year);

st.setString(10, gender);

st.executeUpdate();

cn.close();

pw.print("SignUp Successful");

68
}

catch(Exception e){

pw.println(e.getMessage());}}}

69
CHAPTER 10- SCREENSHOTS

70
FIG:10.1 HOMEPAGE

FIG:10.2 ABOUT US

71
FIG:10.2 SIGN UP

FIG:10.3 LOG IN

72
FIG:10.4 WELCOME PAGE

73
FIG:10.5 AUCTION SELL

FIG:10.6 CONFIRMATION PAGE

FIG:10.7 CURRENT AUCTION PAGE

74
FIG:10.8 BIDDING PAGE

75
 REFERENCES
I. Carter, C.R., Kaufmann, L. Beall, S.Carter, P.L., Henrick, T.E and Petersen,
K.J(2004).Auction grounded theory from the buyer and supplier perspective.
Transportation research part E, 40(3).229-254.

II. P.Anthony (2005), Overview of online auctions,Encyclopedia of Inforrmation, Science and

Technology Second Edition.

76