PRABODH COURSE

: 5 / KIT : 5
: 37 39
LESSON: 37 TO 39
- /DECEMBER KIT

( )
,

2-, , -110011

Central Hindi Training Institute

CORRESPONDENCE COURSE WING (HINDI)
Department of Official Language
Ministry of Home Affairs
2-A, Prithvi Raj Road
New Delhi-110011

[email protected]
Phone No. 011-23017203
Fax No. 011-23017203
To download this Kit:
http://chti.rajbhasha.gov.in/?9600?21

1
 -5

This kit No. 5 contains three Lessons No. 37, 38 & 39.
These lessons are in dialogue form.
In lesson No.37, we will learn about Simple Present Tense with transitive
verb, like- , e.g.

In lesson No.38, we will learn about Future Tense e.g.

In lesson No. 39, we will learn about Simple Past Tense with Intransitive
verb, e.g.

2
 : 37/Lesson No. 37

Lesson No.37 ' ' is an interview of a candidate for the post of a clerk
in the office.
In this lesson, we are going to learn about Simple Present Tense and
Transitive verb like / e.g.
1. (know)
2. (know how to)
3. (know)

In this lesson, we will also learn usage of auxiliary verb '' which means
can. In case of '' verb, we never use '' after the subject in Simple Past
Tense, Present Tense, and Past Perfect Tense e.g.
1.
2.
3.

Whenever we use '' verb, we never use '' case ending with the subject
e.g.
1.
2.
3.

:- / :- When we do not know the answer or we

want to get some information usually we start conversation as pardon/excuse me
or I want to ask something


Grammatical Note:- When the case ending is used with the subject, the
verb will be masculine singular, if there is an object then the verb will be changed
according to the object.
1.
2.
3.

3
Simple Present Tense
/ /
() ()
/ /

/ /
/ /

(Oral Practice)
(Substitution Practice)
1.

(-// / )
2. ?
( / / / )
3.
(// // )
4.
( / /)

2. (Transformation Practice)
: 1
( + )
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

6.

: 2


1.
2. ?
3.

4
 4. -
5.

: 3

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

: 4

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

5
 -
-37




:
: , ?
:
: , 1 .. 2 -
?
: , 3, 4
,
: ?
: , -
1 : , , ?
: ,
: 5 ?
: ,

2 :
, ?

: 6 7

2 : , ?

: ( )
-
2 : , 8 9 ?

: CN,

: 10 ?
: 11
12
: 13
?
14 15
: ,


: ,
:
VOCABULARY:

1. graduate 3. economics, History
2. subject 4. political Science

6
5. stenography 11. health
6. private 12. foreign
7. account 13. branch
8. union 14. wife
9. official Language 15. mother's House
10. leave

Synonyms:
- -
- -
-
-

Antonyms/
x
x
x x
x

1. ?
2. ?
3. ?
4. ?
5. ?
6. ?

7
 Lesson - 38
Lesson No. 38 ' '. In this lesson there is a conversation
among the family members regarding a marriage invitation and a discussion.
How they will do the preparation to attend the marriage. The children are
discussing what dress they will wear and how they will enjoy the marriage
celebrations.

In this lesson, we are going to learn about Future Tense e.g.

1.

2.
3.
4.
5.

(Cultural Note)

(wedding)-It is a religious ceremony where normally a young boy and a

young girl agree to live together forever. They pledge in the presence of
God, family and friends that only death can make them apart.
- It is one of the most enjoyable ceremonies. The family of the
bride and the bridegroom invites female relatives and friends for the ladies
sangeet which takes place one or two days before the marriage at the
houses of both bride and bridegroom. In this function all the ladies come
together in their best dresses all time they eat, sing and dance for the
whole night and have fun.
- In marriage, Mehndi (henna) is an auspicious ceremony. Mehndi
ceremony is held one day before the marriage. Bridegroom's family send the
henna powder to the bride's house and ladies apply mehndi on the palms of
the bride in decorative pattern. After few hours this mehndi (Henna) leaves
its colour on the hands of bride. All other ladies assemble also apply henna
at this occasion.
-
- It is a special dress of a girl/woman. Lehnga is a long skirt with
embroidery and a matching long dupatta.

8
 - It is long coat with embroidery used by gents.
/ - These are North Indian snacks.
- It is the ceremony of marriage when bride and bridegroom take seven
rounds around the holy fire and take the pledge to support each other.
- :- At the time of when the bridegroom sits for pooja
leaving his shoes outside, the brides sisters steal the new shoes of the
bridegroom. When he looks for his shoes after the pooja the sisters, of the
bride ask for token money to give back the shoes to the bridegroom in lieu
of shoes.
- This ceremony symbolizes the final stage of the wedding, where the
brides parents bid farewell to their daughter with their son-in-law.

It is one of the traditional post-wedding ceremonies held in many

parts of India. The mother-in-law and the other relatives offer amazing gifts
to the bride as the gesture of welcoming her.
Grammatical Note:- '' and '' these are two different verbs having the
same meaning go with '' is also used in the sense of walk in other
context. '' is used only with first and second person. But in third person
only '' verb will be used: -


Grammatical forms of future tense
(./ .) (./ .)
(1st person) / /
(2nd person)
/ /
/

/
(3rd person) / /
/ (.)
/
/ ( (
) ).

9
Read the rule carefully
Where the verb root ends in consonant, the addition of etc. should be
in the following manner in writing.
+ = not
+ = not
+ = not
+ = not
+ =
not
Where the verb root ends in '' + a vowel in addition should be rendered
in the following manners in writing.
+ =
+ =
+ =
+ =
Note: You might have noted that , etc. is been added to the verb
root ending in a vowel without any change.
The verb , and however behave differently as
(to take) - , ,
,
(to give) - , ,
,
(to be) , , ,

/
1. /
(, , , , , , )
2. /?
(, , , , , )
3. / ?
(, , ,
)
4. /
( , , , )
5. /
(, , , , )

10

:

1. ?
2. ?
3. ?
4.
5.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Dialogue
/

(, , , , , , ,
/ , , )

11
 - 38 /
/
/

( )
: ?
: ,

: CN 1

2
:
, ,

, CN ?
: ,

:

, -
, 3
CN
: , , -
? ,
?
: CN

?
: - 4

: ,


: ,


: ,
CN CN
:
,

: , 5 ? CN
CN 6 ' , '
7
: , CN
: - -

CN
: ,
- 8

12
 : ,

VOCABULARY:

1. Programme 5. Whole night
2. A kind of drum 6. Bride's sister
3. Dance 7. Real enjoyment
4. Present/Gift 8. Ritual

Synonyms Word Formation

= -
= -

1. ?
2. ?
3. ?
4. ?
5. ?

13
 LESSON - 39
SIMPLE PAST TENSE WITH INTRANSITIVE VERB

Lesson No. 39 '': In this lesson a conversation is going on

between two friends. One friend is narrating his friend about his trip to
South India and describing the place he has visited.
In this lesson we will learn about Simple Past Tense with Intransitive
Verb.
( )
1. /
2. /
3.
4. /

-
Bull temple situated in Bangalore at Nandi Hills. The bull is
honored as Shivas Mount. This is also called Nandi Temple.
- It is an official residence of Wodeyars- the Maharajas
of Mysore. It is situated in the city of Mysore in Karnataka.

- Tipu Sultan was a ruler of the kingdom of Mysore from the year
1750-1799. He was also known as A Tiger of Mysore. He was one of the
greatest South Asian rulers of all time.
Grammatical Note - In this lesson we will learn about Simple Past Tense
with intransitive verb.

14
 ( ) :-
Simple Past Tense with intransitive verb:-
( / ) ( / )
/ /
/ /
/ /
/
/ /
( )

( )
( )
( )
Formation of Past Tense :- In the past tense, verbs are formed by adding
''/, , to the verb root, for example:-
+ = (M.S)
+ = (M.P)
+ = (F.S.)
+ = (F.P.)
+ = (M.S.)
+ = (M.P.)
+ = (F.S.)
+ = (F.P.)
But as an exception verb will change in the following manner
+ = (M.S.)
+ = (M.P.)
+ = (P.S.)
+ = (F.P.)

1.
( / / //)

15
2.
(/ //
)
3.
(/ /// )
4.
(/ / /)
5.
( / / / / )
6.
( // /)
7.
(,
, , )
8.

( , , , )
9. 10
( , , , )

:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

16

-39 - /
- /
-
1 2
: , ? ? - /
- /
:
- /
: ?
3
:

4
: ?
: 5

: , ?
: ,
-6
: - ?
: 7 - -8 , -
9
-

: ,
?
:
:
' 'CN ?
: ,
10 - CN
, ,


: ? ?
CN
: 11
: , ?
:
: 12 ?
: ,

: ?
: 13

:

17
Vocabulary:

1. return 8. dustbin
2. journey 9. to spit
3. went around 10. worth seeing places
4. greenery 11. fort
5. plantation 12. difficulty
6. neat and clean 13. idol/statue
7. cautious/vigilant

Word Formation
From Adjective From Noun
- -
- -
- -

/Synonyms
- -
- -
- -

/Antonyms
x / x
x x

1. ?
2. ?
3. ?
4. ?
5. - ?
6. ?

18

WRITTEN EXERCISE
/ Exercise -1
-

1.
2.
3.
4.

5.

-


1.
2.

3.
4.
5.

/Exercise-2

' '

1. ?
2. ?
3. ?
4. ?
5. ?
6. ?

7. ' ' ?
8. ?

19
 /Exercise-3
:

1.
2.
3.
4.
?
5.

/Exercise- 4

Write answers using the words given in the brackets.
1. ? ( )
2. ? ()
3. ( )
4. ? ( )
5.
? ( )

/Exercise- 5
Dialogue :- Write 10-12 sentences on an interview of a person for the
post of a Security Officer in a school. In this interview , ,
-
e.g. , , ,
,

20
 RECAPITULATION
1. This kit introduces two basic tenses of Hindi- Simple Past and Future
Tense. See how they are inflected.
Person Masculine Feminine
Past future Past future

Singular



Plural

Note that in the Past Tense verb for and will remain same.
You have learnt that the meaning of the following two sentences is the
same.

/
Since has the postposition so the verb agrees with the object.
If you are fluent with these patterns, you can converse in Hindi. Please go
to the answers to assess your progress. If you need, you may go through
the lessons once more.

/ Answers of the comprehension question

37
1.

2.
-
3.
4.

5.

6.

21
 38
1. ?
2.
3. ,
4.
5.

39
1.

2.
3. ,
4.
5.
-
, ,


6.

/Answer to the written exercises

() 1.
2.
3.
4.

5.

() 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

/Exercise -2
1. ,
,
2. ,
,

22
3. ,
,
4. ,
,
5. ,

,

6. ,
,
7. ,
,
8. ,
,

/Exercise 3
1.
2.
3.
4. ?
6.

Exercise 4
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

23