International Journal of Research and Innovation on Science, Engineering and Technology (IJRISET)
International Journal of Research and Innovation in
Thermal Engineering (IJRITE)
CFD ANALYSIS ON EJECTOR COOLING SYSTEM WITH VARIABLE THROAT
GEOMETRY
Srihari Anusuri1, A.Sirisha Bhadrakali2, V.V.Kamesh3.
1 Research Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh, India.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh, India.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Abstract
The vapor jet ejector cooling cycle driven by waste heat. It is a very auspicious approach of producing free cooling by
utilizing low-grade energy sources. The mechanism behind the ejector-based on waste heat cooling is very unique, when
compared to absorption or adsorption cooling technologies. They are also aimed at producing heat driven cooling. This
type of ejector cooling system is actually more closely related to vapor compression technology.
In this paper simulations of a vapor-jet ejector operating with refregerent R134a as the working fluid by using CFD
(computational fluid dynamics). The impact of varying geometry parameters on ejector performance will be considered.
Different mixing section radii will be considered for the analysis.
3D modeling is done by using Catia V5 and analysis is done by Ansys fluent14.5.
*Corresponding Author: Depending on the state of the primary fluid, the flow at
the motive nozzle exit might be 2-phase. Flashing of the
Srihari Anusuri, primary flow inside the nozzle might be delayed due to
Research Scholar,Department of Mechanical Engineer- thermodynamic and hydrodynamic non-equilibrium ef-
ing, Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem, Andhra fects. The high-speed jet initiates the interaction with the
Pradesh, India. secondary fluid which is inside the suction chamber. Mo-
Email: [email protected] mentum is transferred from the primary flow to the sec-
ondary flow. For the stagnant suction flow an additional
Year of publication: 2016 suction nozzle can be used to pre-acceleration of the rela-
Review Type: peer reviewed tively. This helps to reduction of excessive shear losses
Volume: III, Issue : I caused by large velocity differences caused between the
two fluid streams. Depending up on the working condi-
Citation:Srihari Anusuri, Research Scholar "Cfd Analy- tions, both the flows either primary or secondary flow
sis on Ejector Cooling System With Variable Throat Ge- might be choked inside the ejector. Due to static pressure
ometry" International Journal of Research and Innova- differences, it is possible for the primary flow core to fan
tion on Science, Engineering and Technology (IJRISET) out. To create a fictive throat in which- the secondary flow
(2016) 72-77 reaches to the sonic condition before both streams thor-
oughly mixes in the subsequent mixing section. The mix-
ing section can be designed as a segment, having a con-
stant cross-sectional area but often has a tapered inlet
INTRODUCTION
section. Most simulation models either assume mixing at
constant area associated with pressure changes or mixing
EJECTOR WORKING PRINCIPLE
at constant pressure as a result of changes in cross-sec-
tional area of the mixing section. The mixing process is re-
As outlined in a typical ejector consists of a motive nozzle,
peatedly accompanied by shock wave phenomena which
a suction chamber, a mixing section and a diffuser. The
results in a considerable pressure rise. At the exit of the
working principle of the ejector is of converting internal
mixing section, still have the high flow velocities. Thus, a
energy and pressure related flow work contained in the
diffuser can be used for recovering the remainder of the
motive fluid stream into kinetic energy. The motive nozzle
KE and to convert it in to the PE, there by increases the
is a converging-diverging design. It allows the high-speed
static pressure. Typically, the total flow exiting at the dif-
jet to become supersonic.
fuser has a pressure in between the primary and the sec-
ondary streams entering in to the ejector. Thus, the ejec-
tor acts as a motive-flow driven fluid pump which used to
elevate the pressure of the entrained fluid.
The 2 major characteristics that can be used for determi-
nation of the performance of an ejector are :
i.Suction pressure ratio and
Schematic of a typical two-phase ejector design ii. Mass entrainment ratio.
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International Journal of Research and Innovation on Science, Engineering and Technology (IJRISET)
Need for development Designing of Ejector
Due to raise in global warming need for development of
highly efficient eco-friendly systems is increased
Ejector Cooling system is one of the eco-friendly system
developed to reuse waste gases
But ejector cooling system is rarely used because of high
set up cost and low efficiency
Improvement of ejector efficiency will boost up the use of
ejector cooling systems
Literature review
As we know that ejector principle is known from 100 Wire mesh model of ejector body with dimensions
years. Since, ejector has the capacity of generating low
pressure and then lifting pressure, it can be relegated the
refrigeration purposes to applications where waste heat is
easily available from sources such as automobiles, indus-
trial processes and solar, etc.
The first steam ejector refrigeration system was devel-
oped by Maurice Leblanc in 1910 and gained in popu-
larity for air conditioning applications until the devel-
opment of chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants in the 1930s
and their use in the vapour compression cycle which was
much more efficient than alternative thermally driven cy-
cles. Research and development continued however and Isometric view of ejector body
the ejector technology found applications in many engi-
neering fields particularly in the chemical and process
industries. Systems have been developed with cooling
capacities ranging from a few KW to 60,000 kW but de-
spite extensive development effort the COP of the system,
which can be defined as the ratio of the refrigeration effect
to the heat input to the boiler, if one neglects the pump
work which is relatively small, is still relatively low, less
than 0.2. Ejector refrigeration systems are not presently
commercially available off the shelf but a number of com-
panies specialise in the design and application of bespoke
steam ejector systems that use water as a refrigerant for
cooling applications above 0 C. To improve the efficiency
of the simple ejector cycle more complex cycles have been
investigated as well as the integration of ejectors with va- Wire mesh model of motive nozzle
pour compression and absorption systems. An example of
this is the Denso transport refrigeration system. Signifi-
cant effort has also been devoted to the development of
solar driven ejector refrigeration systems.
Depending on the application, injector is synonymously
used for ejector. The main difference in this case is the
discharge pressure at the diffuser exit. While the diffuser
exit pressure of the ejector is closer to that of the suc-
tion flow than that of the motive fluid, the term injec-
tor is sometimes used for applications in which the dif-
fuser discharge pressure can actually reach the pressure
of the driving fluid. Other synonyms encountered in the
literature are eductor, diffusion pump, aspirator, and jet
pump. In case the total flow exiting the diffuser consists
of only a single component. Isometric view of motive nozzle solid model
DESIGNING CFD ANALYSIS ON EJECTOR ORIGINAL MODEL
(Working fluid R134a)
CATIA - which stands for Computer Aided Three-dimen-
sional Interactive Application - is the most powerful and IMPORT CATIA MODEL
widely used CAD (computer aided design) software of its
kind in the world. CATIA is owned/developed by Dassault Open Ansys Workbench and then Fluid Flow (Fluent)
Systems of France and until 2010, was marketed world- double click
wide by IBM.
Select geometry and then right click, import geometry
by choosing the select browse open part ok
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International Journal of Research and Innovation on Science, Engineering and Technology (IJRISET)
Picture explaining density
Image of imported model in ansys
Mass Flow Rate Results
"Flux Report"
Mass Flow Rate (kg/s)
-------------------------------- -------------------
contact_region-src 0.08155416
contact_region-trg -0.08155416
inlet 0.16042796
interior-5 0.081554092
interior-____msbr -0.76828504
outlet -0.16042171
wall-10 0
wall-11 0
wall-____msbr 0
-------------------------------- --------------------
Net 6.2435865e-06
Image of mesh model
Results graphics and animations contours CFD ANALYSIS ON EJECTOR MODIFIED 1(Working
setup fluid R134a)
Picture explaining wall shear stress Picturing explaining density
Mass Flow Rate Results
"Flux Report"
Mass Flow Rate (kg/s)
-------------------------------- --------------------
contact_region-src 0.0017365188
contact_region-trg -0.001736518
inlet 0.0045788959
interior-5 0.0017365182
interior-____msbr -0.0098826187
outlet -0.0045770342
wall-10 0
wall-11 0
wall-____msbr 0
--------------------------------- --------------------
Net 1.8625287e-06
Picture explaining turbulent kinetic energy
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International Journal of Research and Innovation on Science, Engineering and Technology (IJRISET)
CFD ANALYSIS ON EJECTOR MODIFIED 2 (Working CFD ANALYSIS OF EJECTOR GRAPHS:
fluid R134a)
Picture explaining turbulent kinetic energy
Velocity Magnitude
The velocity graph shows that original ejector has the
high velocity than the modified. Again in the Modified
ejector Modified-1 has less velocity magnitude than the
Modified-2.So the modified-1 has the least velocity than
others.
Picturing explaining density
Mass Flow Rate Results
"Flux Report"
Mass Flow Rate (kg/s)
--------------------------------- --------------------
contact_region-src 0.067236863
contact_region-trg -0.056789029 Static temperature
inlet 0.099116139 As we observe the graph shows there is no change in the
interior-5 0.056845825 static temperature.
interior-____msbr-3 0 .9338875
outlet -0.10031085 KINETIC ENERGY:
wall-10 0
wall-11 0
wall-____msbr 0
--------------------------------- --------------------
Net 0.0092531256
CFD ANALYSIS OF EJECTOR RESULTS TABLE:
VELOCITY STATIC PRESSURE STATIC TEM-
MAGNITUDE PERATURE
MIN MAX
ORIGINAL 6.72E+02 -2.77E+05 2.07E+05 3.00E+02
MODIFIED1 1.76E+01 -1.92E+02 1.03E+02 3.00E+02
MODIFIED2 1.74E+02 -2.93E+03 1.01E+03 3.00E+02
SHEAR KINETIC ENERGY DENSITY MASS
STRESS FLOW
RATE
MIN MAX
ORIGINAL 2.18E+03 2.43E+00 1.31E+04 1.23E+00 6.24E-06
Mimimum Kinetic engergy
MODI- 4.96E+00 1.00E-03 1.71E+01 1.23E+00 1.86E-06
FIED1
As we observe the graph, the minimum kinetic energy is
MODI- 0 2.43E+00 1.31E+04 4.24E+00 0.925E-03
FIED2 less for the Modified ejector-1 than the other two ejectors.
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International Journal of Research and Innovation on Science, Engineering and Technology (IJRISET)
considered. The geometrical parameter is different mixing
section radius will be considered for the analysis
We can also study the behavior of the ejector cooling per-
formance when mixing section length and primary nozzle
exit radius, further we can also continue study consider
different working fluids also to increase the efficiency ,
we can also try working fluids with different Nano fluids
which are popular these days
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International Journal of Research and Innovation on Science, Engineering and Technology (IJRISET)
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