om rr ORT DESIGN OFFICE REP No L - 2071009, ee set aerT Central Water Commission Gi ow ae see fray (3a aaa - 7 ®) FLOOD ESTIMATION REPORT FOR LUN SUB ZONE - 1(a) DIRECTORATE OF HYDROLOGY A_JONT WORK OF (REGIONAL STUDES) CENTRAL WATER COMMSSION ENTRAL WATER COMMISSION RESEARCH NEW DELHI -110066 STANDARDS ORGANSATION INOIA METEOROLOGICAL DEPTT. AND MIN. OF SURFACE TRANSPORT NOVEMBER 1993 kB WE A A I on NR NE nN YR EN OR :FLOOD ESTIMATION REPORT OF LUNI BASIS SUB ZONE 1(a) WAS APPROVED BY ‘THE FOLLOWING MEMBERS OF THE | FLOOD ESTIMATION PLANNING AND COORDINATION ‘COMMITTEE IN ITS 50TH MEETING HELD ON 17-1-1992 AT R.D.S.O, LUCKNOW. sd/- sa/- (V.K.GOVIL) (R.V. GODBOLE) JT. DIRECTOR, (INSPECTION), DIRECTOR, HYDROLOGY RDSO, LUCKNOW (REGIONAL STUDIES) CHAIRMAN , FEPCC CENTRAL WATER COMMISSION NEW DELHI. MEMBER, FEPGC sd/- JITENDRA LAL DY. DIRECTOR GENERAL IMD,NEW DELHI MEMBER, FEPCCFLOOD ESTIMATION REPORT OF LUNI SUBZONE 1(a) ‘A METHOD BASED ON UNIT HYDROGRAPH PRINCIPLE DESIGN OFFICE REPORT NO. L/20/1992 HYDROLOGY (REGIONAL STUDIES) DIRECTORATE CENTRAL WATER COMMISSION NEW DELHI 1993FOREWORD Estimation of flood of various return periods for design of waterways and foundations of bridges and culverts having small and medium catchments, where hydrlogical data are inadequate or totally absent, is extremely difficult. In such a situation, regional method’ based on hydrometeorological approach invelving use of design storm for specified return period and synthetic unit hydrograph has been adopted as reconnended by the. Committee of Engineers under the Chairmanship of Dr. A.N. Khosla set up by the Government of India in 1959. For this purpose, the country has been divided into 26 hydrometeorological homogenous subzones. The hydro meteorological and storm studies for 21 subzones have been completed and 18 flood estimation reports covering 21 subzones have been published. The present report is 19th in the series and deals with the estimation of design flood of small and medium catchments in Luni subzone 1(a) covering the Luni River Basin, Thar desert and Rann gf Kachchh. ‘the report recenmends a methodology for estimation of design flood with return period 25, 50 and 100 years for structures having small and medium ‘catchments in the Luni subzone, till such time rainfall-runoff data are available for evolving a better and more rational method of arriving at the design flood. The report is a joint effort of Central Water Commission (CWC), India Metereological Department (IMD), Research Design and Standard Organisation (ROSO) of Ministry of Railways and Ministry of Surface Transport (MOST) in pursuance of recommendations of Khosla Committee. I would like to place on record my appreciation of the excellent cooperative efforts of the officers and staff of the four organisations in producing this report. New Delhi MSRearp (M.S.REDDY) Dated March, 1993 Member (WP)‘PREFACE Design engineers essentially need the design flood of a specific return period for fixing the waterway vis-a-vis the design HFL and foundation depths of bridges, culverts and cross drainage structures depending on their life and importance to ensure safety as well as economy. A casual approach may lead to underestimation or over-estimation of design flood resulting in the loss and destruction of structure or unecononic structure with problematic situation. The use of empirical flood formulae like Dickens, Ryves, Inglis etc., has no such frequency concept, though has the simplicity of relating the maximum flood discharge to the power of catchment area with constants. These formulae do not take into account the basic meteorologic factor of storm rainfall component and other “physiography and hydraulic factors varying from catchment to catchment. Proper selection of constants in these empirical formulae is left to the discretion of design engineer, involving subjectivity Recognising the need to evolve a method for estimation of design flood peak of desired frequency, the committee of engineers headed by Dr. A.N. Khosla had recommended, in their report that the design discharge should be maximum flood on record for .a period not less than 50 years. Where adequate records are available extending over a period of not much less than 50 years,the design flood should be 50 years flood determined from ‘probability curve on the basis of recorded floods during the period. In case, where the requisite data as above are not available, the design flood should be decided based on the ground and meteorological characteristics obtained on the basis of design storms necessitating the systematic and sustained collection of hydro-meteorological data at selected catchments in different climatic zones of India. Economic .constraints do not justify detailed hydrological and meteorological investigations at every new site on a large scale and on a long term basis for estimation of design flood with a desired return period. Regional flood estimation studies thus become necessary _ for hydro-meteorological homogeneous regions in the: country Broadly, two main regional approaches namely flood frequency and hydro-meteorological approaches are open for adoption depending on the availability of the storm rainfall and flood data. The first approach needs long term discharge observations for the representative catchments for subjecting to statistical analysis to develop a regional flood frequenc: model. The other approach needs concurrent storm rainfal and run-off data of the representative catchments over a period of 5 to 10 years to develop representative Unit hydrographs of the catchments located in the region, so that synthetic unit hydrograph may be obtained for the region subzone) and long term rainfall records at a large number of stations to develop design storm values. This approach has been adopted in the preparation of flood estimation reports under short term and long term planUnder short term plan, the report on estimation of design flood peak utilizing’ hydronet data available for 60 bridge catchments, spread through-out the country, was brought out in 1973, wherein the method has been recommended for estimating the ‘design flood peak for catchment areas ranging from 25 to 500 sq km. in the country. Under long term plan, country has been divided into 26 hydro-meteorologically hotiogeneous subzones. For preparing e flood estimation reports for these subzones, systematic and sustained collection of hydro-meteorological data at the representative catchments, numbering 10 to 30, for a period of 5 to 10 years in different subzones has been carried out in a phased manner by different zonal railways since 1965 under the supervision and guidance of Bridges and Flood Wing of Research Design and Standards Organisation of Ministry, of Railways. Similarly, the Ministry of Transport had undertaken the collection of data for 45 catchments through Central Water Commission since 1979. Regional Hydrology Studies Dte. (formerly Hydrology (SC) Directorate) of “Cwc carries out analysis of selected concurrent rainfall and flood data for the gauged catchments to derive unit hydrographs of mostly one hour duration on the basis of rainfall data, gauge and discharge data collected during the monsoon season. Representative unit hydrographs are obtained for each of the gauged catchments. The Characteristics of the catchments and their unit hydrographs prepared for several-catchments in a subzone, are correlated by regression analysis and the equations for’synthetic unit hydrograph for the subzone are derived for estimating design flood for ungauged catchments. __ Studies are also carried out by the CWC to arrive at suitable recommendations for estimating loss rate and base flow for ungauged catchments. studies of Rainfall-Depth-Duration-Frequency, point to areal rainfall ratios and time distribution of storms are carried out by Hydro-met Cell of IMD utilizing the data collected by RDSO and the long term data collected by IMD from rain-gauge stations maintained by IMD/States The subzonal reports incorporating studies carried out by CWC and IMD are prepared and published by cwc on approval of Flood Eetination Planning and Coordination committee (FEPCC) « So far, following 18 reports covering 21 subzones have been published: ~ 1. Lower Gangetic Plains subzone (9) 3978 2. Lower Godavari subzone 3(£) 1981 3. Lower Narmada-and Tapi subzone —3(b) 1982 4. Mahanadi subzone 3(a) 1982 3. Upper Narmada & Tapi subzone 3(c) 1983 6. Krishna & Penner subzone 3(h) 1983 7. South Brahmaputra Basin subzone —2(b) 1984 8. Upper Indo Ganga Plains subzone —1(e) 1984 9. Middle Ganga Plains subzone 1(£) 198510. Kaveri Basin subzone 34 1986 11! Upper Godavari subzone 3 le 1986 2. Mahi & Sabarmati subzone 3(a) 1987 13. East Coast subzones 4(a)(b) & (c) 1987 14. Sone subzone 1(d) 1988 15. Chambal subzone 1(b) i989 16. Betwa subzone 1(c) isso 17: North Brahmaputra Basin subzone 2 (a) 1991 18: West coast subzones 5(a) & (b) 1992 The present report deals with the estimation of design flood of 25 yr, 50 yr., 100 yr., return period for small and medium catchments in’’subzone 1(a) which covers parts of Rajasthan and Gujrat. For preparing the report, the data of four bridge catchments observed by the Western Railways under the guidance of RDSO and six catchments observed by Central Water Commission on behaif of Ministry of Surface Transport varying for a period of 2 to 9 years have been collected The Report is based on hydrological studies carried out considering the hydrometecrological data of 7 catchments found suitable and storm studies carried out with the rainfall data of 142 ordinary raingauge stations and 34 self recording raingauges maintained by state Governments /IMD/Railway/CWC. Part I of the report deals with the summary of the synthetic unit hydrograph approach of design flood estimation alongwith an illustrative example. General description of the subzone detailing location of gauging sites, river system, rainfall, temperature and types of soil is given in Part Ti. Part IIT brings out the SUH relations to be used for ungauged catchments in the subzone. It also covers the UG(s) derived for 48 flood events and RUG of each catchment. The storm studies carried out by the IMD are dealt in Part 1V of the report. The procedures to compute the design flood of ungauged catchments by deriving the SUG obtained from various equations correlating UG parameters and physiographic parameters and from RUG of adjoining catchnents are described in Part V. Part VI highlights the limitations, assumptions and conclusions. The report on subzone 1(a) is recommended for estimation of design flood for sma} and medium catchments varying in areas from 25 to 1000 km’. This repoyt may also be used for catchments of areas upto 5000 km*. Judiciously after comparing loss-rate values in the neighboring catchments having more or less similgr characteristics. For catchments of areas less than 25 km*. the method given in the Report No. RBF published by RDSO may be used The method adopted and conclusions arrived at, are subject to periodical review and revision in the light of more data being collected and analysed and also the advancements in theory and techniques.This report is a joint effort of Hydrology (Regional Studies) Dte., Central Water Commission of Ministry of Water Resources, Research Design Standard Organisation, Ministry of Railways,’ Roads and Bridges Wing of Ministry’ of Surface Transport and Hydromet Dte.,-India Meteorolgoical Department. of Ministry of Science and Technology. sa/- (R.V.Godbole) DIRECTOR, Hydrology (RS) pte NEW DELHT central Water Commission.Para No. 3.4, 3.4 1 2 CONTENTS PART - SUMMARY AND CONTENTS OF 8.U. APPROACHES: Various steps to estimate Design Flood Illustrative example to compute design flood Computation of design flood using RUG of gauged catchment PART - fr GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF LUNI SUB-ZONE Location River System Topography & Relief Rainfall Temperattre Soils Land use Communication PART - IIT SYNTHETIC UNIT HYDROGRAPH STUDIES Synthetic unit hydrograph Data Required Data Collected Analysis of data for obtaining sub-zonal synthetic hydrograph equations Physicgraphic parameters of the catchment Unit Hydrograph studies io Page No. oe & 10 1. ql qa qi-12 433.5. 3.6. 6.10 6.2.0 6.3.0 Establishing relationships between _ Physiographic and Representative Unitgraph Parameters Derivation of 1- Hour Synthetic Unitgraph for an Ungauged Catchment Design Loss Rate Design Base Flow PART -IV RAINFALL STUDIES Introduction Data used Depth Duration Frequency Analysis Heaviest daily rainfall records Design Storm Rainfall Estimation PART ~ V DESIGN FLOOD ESTIMATION criteria and standards in regard to Design ficod of Structures Estimation of Des gn Flood Computation of Design H.F.L. PART - VI ASSUMPTIONS, LIMITATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS Assumptions Limitations conclusions REFERENCES we 14-45 1s 16-17 a7 18 18 18-20 20 20-21 22 23-26 24-26 27 27 27 28LIST OF ANNEXURES, PLATES AND FIGURES ANNEXURES Computation of Slope 29 Computation of Design Flood Hydrograph 30 List of hydrometeorological sub - zones 31-32 List ek coleeeasnaciiey Bridge Catchments in 33 Basin Characteristics 34 Hourly R U G ordinates of 7 catchments 35 i-Hr. Representative U.G. Parameters 36 List 6f physical and Unit hydrograph parameters 37 studied to establish their relations and Co-efficient of Co-relation. Loss Rate Ranges for Observed Floods 38 Base Flow Ranges for Observed Floods 39 Point to Areal Rainfall Ratios. (Percentages) 40 Time Distribution Co-efficients of Areal Rainfall. 41 Statement of highest recorded daily rainfall in 42 sub - zone i(a)PLATES Location of LUNI SUB ZONE, 1(a) - Map of India River system Physiography Normal Annual Rainfall Normal Annual Temperature Soil Classification Land Use Map for Map for Map for Showing Rainfall-depth for 25-yr Return Period 24-hr Duration Showing Rainfall-depth for S0-yr Return Period 24-hr Duration Showing Rainfall-depth for 100-yr return period 24-hr duration ix 43 44a 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 92Ack A-2 a3 aA-4.4 to AW4.7 10. ai. 12. FIGURES Catchment Area Plan of Ungauged catchment: i-hr. $.U.G using equations Design Flood Hydrograph catchment area plan’ of seven Br. Sites Physiographic Parameters unitgraph Parameters Relation Between A,S and tp Relation Between qp and tp Relation Between qp and W50 Relation Bewteen gp and W75 Relation Between gp and wR50 Relation Between gp and WR75 Retation Between tp and TB Conversion Ratios for Short Duration Rainfall {a} Point to Areal rainfall Ratio (%) upto to 6-hours. (b) Point to Areal Rainfall Ratio (%) 12-hours and 24-hours. Average Time Distribution Curves of Storms of various Durations Od 53 54 55 56-62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 a 72 738 74 78SYMBOLS SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS As far as possible well recognised letter symbols in the hydrological science have been used in this report. The list of symbols adopted is given with the units. a ARF c.c. cunecs cms H(RS) clic T.M.D. In Kin L M.0.8.T. M Min 2 catchment Area in km . Areal Reduction Factor Centre of Gravity cubic metres per second Centimetres Depths between the river bed profile (L~section) based on the levels of (i-1) and ith contours at the inter-section points and the level of the base line (datum) drawn at the point of study in metres. Effective Rainfall in cms. Hour Hydrology (Region Studies) Directorate. Central Water Commission, New Delhi India Meteorological Department Inches Kilometres Length of longest main stream along the river course in km. Length of the longest main stream from a point opposite to centroid of the catchment area to the gauging site along the main stream in km. Length of the ith segment of L-section in km. Ministry of surface Transport (Roads Wing). Metres Minutes xMillimetres Peak Discharge of Unit Hydrograph in cubic metres A per second. : Flood Discharge with return periods of 25-yr, 50-yr and 100-yr.respectively in‘ cumecs Peak Discharge of Unit Hydrograph per unit area in cumecs per sq. km. Point Storm Rainfall values for 25-yr,24-hour 50-yr 24-hour and 100-yr 24-hour return periods respectively in cm. Research Designs & Standards Organisation (Ministry of Railways) , Lucknow. Equivalent stream slope in m/km. synthetic Unit Hydrograph Surface Runoff Hydrograph Direct Runoff Hydrograph Seconds Square Square Kilometres, Km2 Time Duration of Rainfali in hours Base Width of Unit Hydrograph in hours Design Storm Duration in hours Time from the start of rise to the peak of Unit Hydrograph in hoursR50 R75 Time from the centre of Unit Rainfall Duration to the Peak of Unit Hydrograph in hours Unit Rainfall Duration adopted in a specific study in hours Unit Hydrograph Width of U.G. measured at 50% peak Discharge Ordinate (Qp) “in hours. Width of the U.G. measured at 75% peak Discharge Ordinate (Qp) in‘hours. Width of the rising side of U.G. measured at 50% of peak Discharge Ordinate (Qp) in hours. Width of the rising side of U.G, measured at 75% of peak Discharge Ordinate (Qp)in hours. Percent. Summation xtitPART~1. SUMMARY OF 8.U.H APPROACH The Flood Estimation report for Luni sub-Zone 1(a) may be used for estimation of design flood (25-yr, S0-yr and 100-yz) for ungauged and inadequately gauged catchments, in the Subzone. The method adopted in this report is explained in following parts :- Part-III explains the procedure to obtain synthetic unit Hydrograph for catchments in the subzone. Part-IV explains the procedure to obtain design storm rainfall and its temporal distribution. Part-V explains steps to be followed for obtaining the design flood of 25 yr/ 50 yr/ 100 yr return period. 1.1 Steps necessary to estimate the design flood peak/design flood hydrograph are as under : i) Preparation of catchment area plan of the ungauged catchment in question. ii) Determination of physiographic parameters viz: catchment area (A), Length of the longest stream (L), equivalent stream slope (S) and length of stream from centre of gravity (Lc). iii) Determination of 1-hr. SUG parameters i.e. ¢,Q, P t,T,W ,W ,WR ,WR &T. pom 50° 75° 50° 75 B iv) Drawing of suH. v) Estimation of design storm duration (TD) vi) Estimation of point rainfall and areal rainfall for design storm duration (TD) and to obtain areal rainfall increments for unit duration intervals. vii) Estimation of effective rainfall increments by subtracting the prescribed design loss rate from the areal rainfall increments. viii) Estimation of base flow. ix) Computation of design flood peak. x) Computation of design flood hydrograph. 1.2 An example of ungauged Catchment has been worked out for illustrating the procedure to compute 50 yr design flood. The particulars of the catchment under study are as follow:i) Name of sub-zone Luni ii) Name of Tributary Mithi iii) Name of Road Section Kherwa - Bhumadra iv) Shape of catchment Fan v) Location Lat 25c45¢o15" Long 73-27/-20" vii) Topography Moderate slope Procedure is explained stepwise: Step-1:- Determation of physiographic parameters: The point of interest was located on the Survey of India toposheet’ and catchment boundary was marked using the contours along the ridge line and also from the spot levels in the plains. Catchment area plan (Fig. A-1) showing the rivers, contours and spot levels was prepared. From the catchment area plan, the area of the catchment(A)in sq km. and the length of the longest. mainstream(L) in km from the farthest catchment boundary to the point of study was measured. Centre of gravity of the catchment was determined at the point of intersection of the plumb lines by holding freely the catchment area plan cut on a card-board. Length of the longest stream opposite to the centre of gravity to the point of study(Lc) was measured in m. Equivalent stream slope(S) was obtained by graphical method as shown in fig-1 and by analytical method as shown in Annex-1.1 Physiographic parameters obtained are given below: 1) Area (A) 414.00 sq km 2) Length of the longest 52.80 km stream (L) 3) Length of the longest 28.00 km stream from a point opposite to C.G. of catchment to point of study (Lc) 4) Equivalent stream slope (S) 3.278m/Km step-; Derivation of 1-hr Synthetic Unitgraph: Synthetic Unitgraph Parameters were computed using equations in para 3.4.3.0.409 0.432 ellis 0.257 (A) (s) =4.98 say 4.5 hrs 0.893 4 2.165 (t) = 0,565 cumece PB P 0.922 Wo = 2.654 (¢ ) = 4.487 hrs 50 P -0.816 Wen 1672 (a) = 2.664 hrs 5 LB W neaas (qo so a) = 1.727 hrs w= 0.86) ie . q i. = 1.122 hrs 0.612 T= 6.299 (e) 5.92 say 16 hrs T ext +t /2 = 5.0 hrs 2 poor =q xa = 233.9: i 7 1 cumecs Estimated parameters of unitgraph in step-2 were plotted on a graph paper as shown in Fig A-2. The plotted points Were Joined "to draw ‘synthetic unitgraph. ‘The discharge ordinates. (Qi) of the unitgraph at ti = te ot br interva} were summed up and multiplied by tr (=1) i.e <@i x ti=1150 78 as shown in Fig A-2 and compared with the volume of 1.00 cm Direct Runoff Depth over the catchment,computed from the formula Q = Axd/ti x 0.36 Where A = Catchment area in Sq. Km. d = 1.0 cm depth ti = tr (the unit duration of the UG) = 1 hr. Ard 414.00 * 1 eo = = 1150 cum/sec O56 * tr Tse eT Note:- ( In, case, / 35 cm, all such stations have been included. 2045 Procedure for Design Storm Rainfall Estimation For a specified design storm duration TD hours (time of concentration) for a particular bridge catchient in the sub-zone, the design storm rainfall and its temporal distribution in the catchment can be computed by adopting the following procedure step~1 : Locate bridge catchment under’ study on the +50 year 24- hour isopluvial map in Plate 9 and obtain the 50-year 24-hour point rainfall value in cm. For a catchment covering “more than one isopluvial, compute the average point rainfall. Step-2: Read the conversion ratio for storm duration TD from Fig 10 and_multiply the 50- year 24-hour point rainfall in step -1 to obtain 50 year TD hour point rainfall. step-3__ Read the areal reduction factor corresponding to storm duration TD and the given area of catchment from Fig 11 or Ann 4.2,and multiply the 50 year TD hour point rainfall in step 2 by’ this factor to obtain the 50 year TD hour areal rainfall over the catchment. step-4 Read the time distribution coefficients for 1, 2....+.+.(TD-1) hours corresponding to storm duration TD fron relevent’ graph in Fig.12 or Annex-4.1 and multiply the S0-year TD ~ hours areal rainfall ‘in step-3 by these coefficients to obtain the cumulative depths of 1,2,.++++-(TD-1) hour catchment rainfall. Step-5 Obtain the depths of storm rainfall occuring every hour in the bridge catchment by subtraction of successive cumulative values in step-4. 21PART- DESIGN FLOOD ESTIMATION 5.1. Criteria and Standards in regard to Design Flood of Structures of small and Medium Catchments. The Khosla Committee of Engineers had recommended a design flood of S0-yr return period for fixing the-water way of the bridges. The commitee had also recommended to design the foundation “and protection work for larger discharge ‘by increasing the design flood for watervays by 30 $ for | small catchments up to 500'sq km., 25 to 20 $ for medium catchments upto 500 to 5000 sq km. , 20 to 10 % for large catchments upro 5000 to 25000 sq.km. ‘and less than 10 % for very large catchments above 25000 sq km. Criteria and standards followed for design flood for bridges, cross drainage structures and small dams are given below Baath e ogReilway Standard Bridges substrucures and Foudation Code revised in 1985 stipulates that all bridges shall be designed with adequate waterway for design discharge. This shall normally be the computed flood with probable recurrence of 50 years. However at the discreation of Chief Bridge Engineer, bridge damage to which is likely to have Severe consequences’ may be designed for flood with a probable recurrenece interval of more than 50 years, while bridges on less important lines of sidings may be desi for floods with a proable recurrence interval of less than 50 years. b) | Indian Road Congress-IRC _5-1985, clause 103 of Section I “General Features of Design" Specifies that the water way of a bridge is to be designed for a maximum flood of S0-yr -return period. To provide for adequate margin of safety, the foundation and protection works should be designed for larger discharge. The recommended percentage increase over the design discharge specified in clasue 103 is same as -suggested by the committee of Engineers. c) Indian Standard Code of "Practice for design of cross drainage works-Is: 7784 Part I 1975" recommends that the water ‘way for cross drainage works should be designed for a 2S-yr return period flood. To provide adequate margin of safety , the foundation and protection works should be designed’ for larger discharges. The perce tage increase over the design discharge recommended in the code ia sane as suggested by the committee of Engineers. a) | Central Water Commission’s criteria of 1968 specifies that the diversion dams and weirs should be @esignead for floods of frequency of 50-100 yrs. e) Indian Standards Guidelines for “Fixing spillway capacity of dams. under clauses 3.1.2. and 3.1.3 of IS? 11223-1985" recommends 100-yr return period flood as inflow 22a the n ign flood for small, dans having either gross storage of Rotgeen 0-5 and 9 15 ue oF aulic head between 7.5 and 12 m. 5.2 Estimation of Design Flood fo obtain design flood of required return period the effective rainfall for design storm duration’ is to be applied to the unit hydrograph of a catchment. It 4s not possible to recommend adoption of design storm duration due to scanty data of 7 bridge catachments available for the entire sub zone, Hence it is suggested that the alternative studies to compute the flood be carried out for different storm durations and the one which gives the higher discharges may be adopted as design storm duration. The hourly effective rainfall unit for design storm duration can ‘obtained using various map and curves as éxplainea in part IV. For deriving the unit hydrographs of ungauged catchments the method explained in Part III may be adopted. 5.2.1 Procedure for computing design. flood peak and design flood hydrograph for T yr return period by SUH approach is as under: a) Computation of Design Flood Peak Step-1 Synthetic Unit Hydrograph Derive the synthetic unit hydrograph as section 3.4.4 and tabulate 1 hour U.G. ordinates. bial Step-2 Design Storm Duration The duration of storm which causes the maximum discharge ina drainage area is called " Design storm duration (TD)". Alternative studies are to be carried out by estimating flood peak assuming various values of TD ranging between TD = 1.1* TP and TD = TB. The value which gives maximum discharge may be rounded off to the full hour and considered as design storm duration of the catchment. Step-3 Design storm rainfall. i) Adopt suitable Design storm durartion (TD) as explained above. ii) Obtain hourly areal rainfall incements vide section 45 . 4ii) Obtain hourly effective rainfall increments by subtrating the design loss adopted vide secton 3.5. step-4 Design flood peak:- (i) Arrange 1 hour effective areal rainfall values against the 1- hour U.G. ordinates such that the maximum value of effective rainfall against the maximum ordinate of 23U.G., the next lower value of effective rainfall value against the next lower U.G. ordinate and so on upto T D hour duration. (41) Obtain the base flow for the catchment area under study vide section 3.6. (iii) obtain total surface runoff by summing the product of unit hydrograph ordinates as tabulated in Step 1 and the effective rainfall values as tabulated in step 3. (iii). (iv) Obtain flood peak by adding base flow to total surface runoff. (>) Resign Flood Hydrograph For computation of design flood hydrograph, carry out the steps fron 1 to 3 and in addition carry out the following steps. Step-5 Reverse the sequence of effective rainfall units obtained in, Step 4(1) to get the critical sequence of the effective rainfall. Step-6 Multiply the first 1i-hr effective rainfall with the ordinates of U.G. to get the corresponding direct runoff ordinates. Likewise, repeat the procedure with the rest of the hourly effective rainfall values giving a lag of 1-hr to successive direct runoff ordinates. Step-7 Add the direct runoff ordinates at 1-hr interval to get total direct runoff hydrograph. Step-8 Add the base flow in Step 4(ii) to the direct runoff ordinates at 1-hr interval in Step-7 to get the total flow at one hour interval and plot these flows to get 50-yr flood hydrograph. 5.3 Computation of Design H.F.L. Corresponding to Design Flood: The design engineer has to determine the design High Flood Level corresponding to adopted design flood for the bridges and cross drainage structures under natural and constricted conditions. This elevation is very important in the analysis for foundations, scour, free board, formation levels, hydraulic forces etc. Stage discharge relationship is represented by stage vs. discharge rating curve of a river at the point of study. The most acceptable method for establishing stage discharge rating curve is based on observed gauges and discharges govering, satisfactorily the lower to upper elevation ranges. Stage discharge relation defines the complex interaction of channel characteristics including cross sectional areas, Shape, slope and roughness of bed and banks. The permanent stage’ discharge relation is a straight line or a combination ef straight lines on a logarthmic plotting depending on the channel ‘configuration; a single straight line for a_ single well defined channel and a combination of two straight lines for the main channel with its berm portions. The stage discharge relation may be considered more accurate depending on the reliable and adequate observed gauge and discharge @ata of the river at the point of study. The gauge dishcarge 24rating curve so determined may be used for fixing the design HEFL corresponding to design flood by extrapolation if necessary. In the absence of observed gauge and discharge data at the point of study (bridge or cross-drainage structures location), synthetic gauge discharge rating curve has to be constructed by Area-Velocity Method, using the river cross section, slope data and nature of the cross-section. The velocity is computed by the Manning’s formula. Computation of H.F.L. is generally done with the heip of Manning's formula in which roughness coefficient (‘N’) is an important factor affecting the discharge of a iver or Nalla. ‘The value of N is highly variable and depends on a number of factors. viz, surface roughness, vegetation, channel irregularity, channel alignments, ‘silting and scouring, obstruction, size and shape of channel, stage and @ischarge, seasonal change and suspended material and bed oad. The various values of the roughness co-efficient for different types of channel are given in Table 5.6 "Open Channel Hydraulics" by Ven-Te-Chow. The above procedure pertains to determination of design HFL corresponding to design flood of a river under natural gpnaitions. | with the type of structures in position there will generally be a constriction in the waterway. The effect of the constriction by way of raising the design HFL under natural conditions has to be evaluated in the water elevations to arrive at the revised design HFL under constricted conditions. ‘The difference between upstream and downstream water levels corresponding to design flood due to constriction in the waterway may be termed as afflux. There are hydraulic methods: for working out the final design HFL due to constriction by the structure. The weir formula or orifice formula of hydraulics is generally used depending on the upstream and downstream depths to estimate the revised design HFL under constricted conditions. Sometimes it happens that the. cross section of river or nalla onthe downstream side of a cross drainage | structure may be narrow than the cross section at the location. of a crossing site. The flood levels at the proposed stricture may also be affected by the high flood levels in the main river joining downstream in proximity of the stream. ‘In such cases, there will be backwater effect due to the narrow gorge of the river as the design flood for the crossing site will hot be able to pass ‘through | the narrow gorge’ in the downstream and hene there will be heading up of water in. its upstream side which ultimately. affects AFL of the river” at the crossing site. In the latter case the tributary/strean on which the bridge is located will be under the influence of the backwater effect of the main stream joining downstrean. In such cases back water study may be carried out. In_ the -absence of any observed levels of water profile: for computing hydraulic gradient, bed gradient of najla shall be considered, after verifying that local depressions are not accounted for and bed gradient is computed on a reasonable length of atleast 300m. upstream and downstream of ‘the crossing site. 25If the crossing site is located across the river/drai- nage in the unfavourable reach i.e. not complying with the usual requirements of gauge site, the design flood elevation may be computed in a straight’ reach downstream of the crossing and design flood elevation may be worked out by undertaking backwater studies. 26PART VI ASSUMPTIONS, LIMITATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS 6.1.0 Assumptions: 6.1.1 Tt is assumed that 50-year return period storm Yainfall produces 50-year flood. Similar is the case for 25-year flood and 100-year flood. 6.1.2 A generalised conclusion regarding the base flow ahd loss rate are assumed to hold good during the design flood event. 6.2.0 Limitations: 6.21 The data of 7 catchments including one cachment naving area less than 25 sq. km has been considered for developing a generalised approach. However, for more reliable relationships the data of more suitable catchments would be desirable. 6.2.2 The method would be applicable for reasonably free catchments with interception, if any, limited to 20% of the total catchment. For calculating the discharge, the total area of the catchment has to be considered. 6,2.3_ The approach developed mostly covers the catchment with flat to moderate slopes. 6.3.0 Conclusions: 6.3.1 The methodology for estimating the design flood of $0-yr return period incorporated in the body of the report is recommended for. adoption, which also holds good for 25-yr flood and 100-yr flood. 6.3.2 _ The report also recommends the adoption of design flood of 25-yr and 100-yr return periods taking in to account the type and relative importance of the structures. 6.3.3 28-yr, S0-yr and 100-yr flood may be estimated using design loss rate of 0.50 cm/hr. 6.3.4 The report is applicable for the catchment areas ranging from 25 sq km to 1000 sq km. Further the report ma: be used for large catchments upto 5000 sq km based on sou judgement and considering the data of neighbouring catchments also. However; individual site conditions may necessitate 5 1 site study. Engineer-in-charge at site is advised to take a pragmatic view while deciding the design discharge of a bridge. 27REFERENCES: 1. Report vf the Khosla Committee of Engineers (Octéber,:.1959) Government of India, Ministry of. Railways. : 2. land Book of Hydrology", Ven Te Chow 3. “Open Channel Hydraulics", ven Te Chow 4, Guide to Hydrological Practices (Third Edition) World Meteorological Organisation No. .168, 1974. 5 Estimation of Design Flood “Recommended Procedures" (September, 1972), Central Water Commission, New Delhi. 6. “Engineering Hydrology" Wilson E.H. it Code of Practice by Indian Railways (Revised 1985). 8. IRC : § - 1985 - Standard specifications and code Of practice for Road Bridges, Section - 1, General Features of Design 6th Revision) 1985, Indian Roads Congress. 9 IRC : SP : 13 - 1973 - Guidelinés for the Design of Small Bridges and Culverts. 10. Flood Studies Report. Vol. 1 ‘HYdrological studies, Natura] Environment Research Council, 27, Charing Cross Road, London, 1975. 11, "Economics of Water Resources Planning" L. Douglas James/Rober L. Lee. 12. IRS: 198! Indian. Railway Standard Bridge sub structures and foundation code. (28)ARRECURE - Led ‘SUD ORE La) UCAUGED caTCHHEAT ‘COMPUTATION OF EQUIVALENT SLOPE Ch 414,00 sg.ko AeoucED REDUCED LENGTH OF neIGAT Distance. LEVEL = EACH AONE (from point. SECHENT. ATU S140 of study} {0 so) LiMD 40 ti rae (ey tab timed ted tnd 26.280 0,000 0,090 3.900 3,220 7.620 1.600 24,536 29.150 11.230 22.070 30.490 342.403 274.390 $660 30,110 60,980 345.147 1 6.000 2 a 4 : 5.140 189.630 5.630 51.350 9.460 514.920 i 4 0.000 30.570 304880 4,830 60.600 121.950 589.019 35.400 320.170 4.830 1.880 152.440 736.285 i 39.40 395.370 4,020 99,090 187.930 75.379 9 41.830 150,610 1 43.440 365.850 IL 44.250 381.100 22 48.270 31.200 1 49.070 533.540 W519 609.76 15 $280 670,73 14330 713.420 514,302 129.50 240.900 992.67" 144,820, 774.390 222.256 195,020 339.840 136.157 297.260 492.280 193.824 371,400 670.740 1623.191 434.450 607.930 1058.88 € Witto ron ii 058.525 787.840 3.178 fin DATUM = 236.78 Hive Rub of river bed at the point of study « 29MMWEXURE = 1.2 COMPRATION OF FLOM AYDROGEAPH {sing S16 equations, refer pata 3.4.3) RGANGED CATCIREAT SUU-HOKE.: Ha) TIME S.tha, RATHEALL EXCESS IN CHS TOTAL = BASE OTAL 1H nouns onntRATES----- essen Flow FLOW TH CuReS 116 5.82 OW CuRECS —CUMECS 0 0.00 0,00 1 6.00 480,00 2 MA 242 6.00 St eh nD 4 186.00 IGT 422A 6.6 300 5 6 1 4 Bi 1401 S38 168.259, 302.71 MEOD 1226 GED 127.36 556.18 94.20 M5016 411.66 1092.52 164 1664.54 6.16 44,66 359.00 161 1929.46 1990.16 -=-DPENE 4 402 30.74 271.08 1187.78 198.82 1691.96 1712.60 10 210 19.03 186.56 896.28 (78.00 127777 198.47 nt 102 1015 117.92 616.92 120.90 876.91 891.61 n 0.0 492 61.60 189,98 90D 546.87 561.57 3 08715 3.70 56.95 292.59 U1 4 hu 216 98.594 29,75 140.43 16.13 15 O12 0.87 WD MAS 61.26 81.96 16 0.00 0,58 55.29 405 65.40 86.10 " oe 0.00 1146 6.08 79.06 16, 18 0.00 164 May way @ 0.00 0 4.10 nw n 0.00 6 20.10 u 0.00 4 2.10 2 0.00 1 20,70 un ) wt u 8 2. % 0. 0.00 2.70 % 0.00 270 30ANWEXURE 2.2 LIST OF HYDRO-HETEOROLOGICAL SUG-ZONE eo. SUBZONE NAME OF SUNZONE Namo of oub- River Basing included (designated earlier) zone (design- in the subzone ated now) 1a) Luni basin & thar Lupt Luni river. Thac (Lunt & other rivera (luni & Other rivero of of Rajasthan and Kutch) Rajasthan and Kutch and anaa river) 14) Chambal Basin Chamba chambal river Age) -Betwa Basin .& Other Betwa Sind, Betwa and Ken . fributaries rivers and other South Tributaries of Yamuna Ald) Sone Basin and Right Sona Sone and Tons, rivers Bank Tributaries. and other South fank Tributaries of Gang 1(e) Punjab Plains including Upper indo- Lower portion of in- parts of Indus, Yamuna, Ganga dus Ghaggar Sahibi Ganga and Ranganga Plains Yamuna, Ganga and Basins. upper portion of Sirsa, Ramganga, Gomti and sai river wey Ganga Plains inclu-~ Middle Ganga Middle Portion of ding Gorti, Ghagra, Plains Ganga, Lower portion Gandak, Kooi and other. of Gomti, Ghagra,, Gandak, Kosi and middle’ portion of Mahanadi 149) Lower Ganga Plains Lower Ganga ‘Lower portion of {neluding Subarnarekha Plains Ganga, Hoogli river and other east-flowing rivers between Ganga and Baitarant. 24a) North Brahmaputra Basin North North Bank Tribut§r+ Brahmaputra Jes of Brabmaputra river and Balason river. 2b) South Brahmaputra Basin South south Bank Teibutar- Brahmaputra jes of Brahmaputra river. 2c) Barak and others barak Maxak, Kaden and Manipur rivers 31a) Mahl, including the Mahi and Mahi and Sabarmet! dhadhar, Sabarmat Sabarmati including Rupen & and rivers of Mecha Yandar, Ozat Sauraohtr: shetaranji rivers of Kathiawad Peninsula. 313¢by ate) aay a(e) a8) 319) 3th) aq) aay 4(b) a(e) 5a) (by Lower Narmada and Tapi Basin Upper Narmade and TEDL oaain Mehanadi Basin inelu~ ding Bratman ang Qaitarant rivers: Upper Godarvarl Basin Lower Godavar! basin except coastal region Indravati Basin fetenae, munzona neluding penner Basin exe BE coaste Kaveri & East flowing rivers 7 aexcekpt coastal region Clears including east flowing rivers between Hahanadi and Godavari Cotomandal coast including east flowing elvers between Godavart and Kaveri Sandy Coroman Belt (east flowing rivero between Cauvery & Kanyakumari). Konkan coast (west. floving river between Tapi and Panaji) Malabar Coast (west flowing rivers between Kanyakumari and Panaji) Andaman and Nicobar 38K Ki na Lis (Undus Baginy. Lover Narmada eFapt voper Ueenada E'tap! Mahanadi u eSdavart Lover Godavari Ketehna kaverL Upper Eastern Coase Lower Eastern Coast South Eastern Coase Konkan Coast Malabar Coast Andaman & Nicobar Weoteen Himalayas 32 Lowed portion of Niermade, Tapl and Dhadhar’riveres Upper portion of Netuadn and Taph rivers. Mahpnadi, Batterani and Brahmani rivers Upper jportion of eo8avali Bacin: Lower portion of Godavali basin: Indravati river. Krishna 6 Penance rivers except Goastal region. Kavert, Palar and Ponnalyar rivers (except coastal region) East flowing coastal rivers between Deltas of Mahanads & Godavari rivers. East flowing coastal rivers, Manimukea, South Pennar, Cheyyar, Palar, North Pénnary Honnecu, Pallera, Cundalakama and Krishna Delta Bast. Cloying copatet Fyece;tantoachers faigant, "Arjuna, Tandapatnt® Mest flowing’ coastal rivers between Tapi and Haudavi rivers West flowing coastal rivers between Mandavi and Kanyakumari e194 OP Fiano, I and Beas riverspu 1 ner 2 ow TT svewrueangrve 40141 Ot 4 met £ tT 6 UW woars-anave WORK 6 L ot ee TST LH venues WWHINS 8 STSATINY NOISSBH938 804 C3EROISHOD JON s390TH0 t sot fo hw MANGO 1 Cn a a nauWSISHTY SKN 9 bo pt fH UHC ananrve- awe TaN ’ seat 2 oe tm wgoWS = 1Wé uN 3 Seost. soe SSL Ine-wans ons 3 eu 5 was UT 8 set 5 ts DL ware = wavgoO TMT SISA Tew norss3493y ¥od O383015¥09 £39618 (V) 6 (anrbs) 395 vig omg uy ha aE wour295 Ay tes wie apnusye apmyéu0y /°0k ——_—pebyjaune Aenea URI weBas anadcttatge| vee -E-rt gbet ee reece eee ae oven st afptsg 0 pH meq Ae) uoyreo07 auis'9 sunyn wo13295 40 NaNO LN TW2SIYG Cn BBRNAOSTO '3OOROTRHTIVAY CA SLNEAHOUVD “1°0°W/390LN8 AYATIVR 40 JIT i (et 3807 ans re Rm 33ANNEXURE. 3.2 Subzone-1(a) BASIN CHARACTERISTICS OF SELECTED CATCHMENTS S1.NO Bridge Area (aq. km) a 2 12 MoT-2 682.00 19.00 7.75 6.18 20 MoT-5 600.00 55.99 25.74 4.41 3 MOT-3 380.00 60.33 30.57 2.96 4 MOT-4 82.00 22.84 11.58 2.47 5 527 70.55 15.78 5.32 3.80 6 639 39.25 13.04 7.00 3.28 7 672 18.49 7.08 3.38 5.01 34Subzone:1(g) ANYEXURE-3. 3 HOURLY REPRESENTATIVE UNITGRAPH ORDINATES (in cumecs) Hours 9 -=------=-. MOT-2 MOT-5 MOT-3 Mot-4 527 639-672 ° ° ° ° ° ° o ° 1 6 6 23° 10.0 31.4 2.9 5.0 2 13 13 69 22.0 130.5 7.2 36.8 3 25 22 165 23.1 22.30 22:30 5.5 4 39 37 280 22.3 9:0 47.6 2.4 5 60 75 170 20.6 2.2 19:9 1.2 6 78 160 113° 19.0 0.6 7.4 0.4 7 102240 a8 17.6 0.0 1:70 OL 8 128 © 260 64 16.0 1.0 0.0 9 155 210 420 14.3 0:0 10 170-160 25 12.8 i1 164 126 a1 12a 12 151 96 5.5 9.8 13 137 73 0.0 8.3 14 124 55 7.0 15 108 40 5.6 16 96 30 4:2 17 78 22 2.6 18 66 17 1:5 19 54 12 0.0 20 43 8 22 34 4.7 22 26 0.0 23 20 24 12 25 5.4 26 0.0 35osto —04*0 ob 06°T oro 04" vet Ont ox"0 zt ost = g*e ooze ¥ c TMAXANNY 0s'6 008 oorT gut9e 006 oo't ootey ork oo't orroeT covet = 00"T orez oot 00*08e, 00*09z, oot say sdauno a a 86°T os't agtt ose sort os't aero osz yo ose eyo ste szr0 os6 wy/soeund Say ab 43 SUSLANVUYd HAVED LIND BH-T GATIVINGSAYETE e6ptaa NTIS (@)T aNoz eas 36pvexone = 3.5, sobtonta-i ta) u '1Et oe pavstcaL, aNo oft HyDEOGAADH PARAMETERS STODIED TO ‘ESTARLTSM RELATIONSIES == Se somite saris Staph parameters a 2 3 eos ‘ a @ oes 0.720 a e 0.4m e800 3 Aas we 3.984 0.490 0.740 sr ones te 0.257 0.409 5 bales ea 7.312 0.323, 0.998, 0.570 59 5 umes ~ o.132 -0.082, 16883, 0.830 7s oe 2 2.265 -0.093 0.730 as uso cy 2.654 0.921 0.930 oe ws e 1.672 -0.016 0.090 20+ aso e 1s -0.57 o.a10 ais wars = -0.589 e709 atom © o.612 0.040 + nelotions adopted for derivation of 505. 37Qn NS 9a LO mae me las ceeig Ue el lanes 17) stab ere wt cae Ct ate Ph wd ae of late ae At Bea cone eet ibe ade 38sebaones-Hlad anemone 3.7 ASE FLOW RANGES(cumes/eqke.)-10. OF FLOOD OCCASTORS 68.00 380.08 82.00 70,55 19,25 189 372.00 153.00 F OBSERVED FLOODS 1 4.100 5 ‘ 5 5 5 1 a ‘ ‘ 8 2 ue one a 1 1 2 1 1 1 ® a ‘ 1 nr ) o ‘ . 4 ° ‘ ooo 1 1 1 4 oan ‘ 1 too8 0 a ’ ‘ 1 ‘ 1 5 G10 above tl o 8 ‘ ‘ ° 0 1 0 0 4 4 c.rorat coL.t0ra 5 6 ‘ 1 ‘ 2 16 ‘ . 8 39wre [ero wee [are fe | erro Jao [ao wo eee [pve [ew [oe Er | we | caro [nro] arva owre frare [a me [are eva [is foo seo [ave [owe [roe | wee [ae fave aval avo [wre Jove [er Two [eee fave [ural ore [re we] ace ave feat wa [reo ae [oor bral ore eo > fre wel . ie fore fore so ve fave Jaro [re [ove wale] z eles fave [aval ora [ow | woo] evo awe [avo jroo rere [ove fre ewe [sv [ore [ovo fore jave we] a te Tore [ivee fore fava] avo [ero Jomo fev [ove [re efar + | wro'facro [ae [ero] ove [erafero [ser [are [a we] sro] mF Lees ee feral era fee fave [pro [eve [oe wel a {TE pow owe [ne [ral re [ve fave [ovo [ro [re wel ea sae eo jar [ove wel weal s ie : Pe-aunxanny aire suNeM > SEB sOLLAMUEIE BIL 40reed eared or ory Ets foree| ao aera aoa roa a8 seroH a Be Rumania orate = TWaIMY TOW BL IOs wos (3) SwNLYE wOLDIEDN Wow aANNEXURE ~ 4.9 NEAVIESE UALLY WAINFALL RECORDED 1M SUBZUNE-1(0). srarey station Heaviest Kelntalt vote of District, 28S One CE Ca. Docurreney a Tz = wa ree sich LL Salora i Salou 3: bause 1 Stnodn 3! Noramabad wor 8! boot fart 3. besurs Barner 8. Ghotan Hegora 9° parbatsar Jodhpor e.09: i308 ‘Shunghone 13:07:1908 Satziner 0:08: faa3 Bikaner, taaipar Cherw 1g: Sardershehar 0370771960 Siker 11 Srinedhosur te07 1312 Karon 18. hus 487-9 : 15.07.1959 Reisen ae : 25.07: 1905, 20: Ralol 3e9:6 : 12:03:1950 Wanastantha 21. Palanpor $03.9 : 16:09: 1093, 22. th 7013 . ae’Lume t. peg Al OY Pour) geil Ne Ie EA PAR Ricans” Se ¢ a roy) jst pe i ‘ YY) Zee + Sas vw va tig 4 Gy a Ee \5 3 te) Te ge tary \ ¢ SHUBANESHWAR — 7 aL? si NY ; S sousay = foun \ (unt Ae ARABIAN work ane ~-T 7 ‘sea ek atl <_Tuvanony Te OLAN fanny oe OT 0 eee won NET AAP TE Pen oF ESO AAAEIAL OF eA " © wr or ina ROT TOTREFERENCES ee eatemeate : eae bow xl “x wy 8 Y * 7 i a z touNnit sUB ZONE -—Ital niven sistem AND LOCATION OF ROAD/ 1 0 — 180... KY Lal. soo coo. III nerenences 6} | TERNATIONAL, BOUNDARY... — eee so Somsoast tee Se ements Poe recemrcea sence SPE er oreioam|__| to 6 oo 0 see — eect anere ‘= Te Base Lime, ” oa e wovenawint oF inbia wore: THIS MAP HAS BEEN ORAWN FRON THE IRRIGATION ATLAS OF INDIA (19.89 EDITION! PLATE —16, [HYOROLO GY (REGIONAL SYUOY OFRECT Lunt SUB ZONE-Ilol PHYSIOGRAPHY Dea ‘Sw MALHOTRA th marian enecncs. wore 1 @ASED UPGH SURVEY OF INGIA MAP WW Tue PRRUISSON OF THE SURVEYOR GERERAL OF INDIA. 5h RESPORSIELITY FOR Tak CORRECTNESS OF tmrDMNAL DETAILS KON ON THE MAP RESTS weTN Toe PUBLISHER -45- © cows. oF mora corvmionr. 1998ne eto 3B nore:- "He Tenwcronas warees oro feno wo THE 34 70 & 1TH. ensunto rmow tHe APOE. suse "a e cnr. RAINGALL FOR EACH MONTH FROM . amuaRr To DECEMBER |} TWE THICK VERTICAL umes AT HECENTRE OF 0 coune moIcATES THE PRRCERTAGE OF RANARLL. Ww Yae Mow ToTWE MEAN AROMA TOTAL, "Wis MAP WAS BEEM ORAM BRON THE HERLGATON arcas OFmoU C1809) PLATE ~£0, ATE ASE UME. 1 = CENTRAL. WATER COMMISSION REFERENCES HYDROLOGY (REGIONAL STUDY) DIRECT [™STOGRaMS ron stanonS wiTh Mawes IMVETAL Lines witn vate? EACH VERTICAL COLUMM REPRESENT THE MEAN IH mnt (NORMAL ANMUAL) tune IWTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY 308 20Ne BOUNDARY Towns. SPor malneats ¢ suslzdone- tte NORMAL ANNUAL RAINFALL = [orawe CHECKED — S.NMALHOTRA | RK, GUPTA LLPLMAUTIYAL MO TES 0 GASED UPOH SURVEY OF WIR MAP WIN THE PERISSION OF ‘me SURVETOR SenERAL OF DLA. |) RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE CORRECTUESS OF INTERNAL DETAILS SHOWN ONTHE MAP RESTS MIT THE PUBLISHER. © ovr oF iwoia conrmisnt. 1992 -6-PLATE - 5 pet i" REFERENCES 1 rewhocrween snse.as'e. ZZZA 2 rene. oerween ae rons6 Jea’| 3. werenwationaL sounoaRy, —_. —. saivens. lee| Je rowes. oe RE} isorwenns with vase m ze ee se! peonees more> eS | THIS MAP WAS BEEN DRAWN PROM ea ‘ue IRRIGATION ATLAS OF sHOIA nore 0) me TERRITORIAL WATERS OF INDIA (apeo) PLATE - 19, z [EXTEND INTO THE SEATO A DISTAL eae |S tor waive wumics. mss |__| soo sp 9 igo aso see 400 l= casunen From Twe APPROPRI. [22 | on ffm —— feet ee ae ¥ wovenawENT OF wovR CENTRAL WATER COMMISSION nyoRovocy (REGIONAL STUDY) OVRECT. ase se aoe I sore Lune ae ima aot oy a ce ew | S$ UB ZONE - | (a) tee 7 ‘ee is Bd ‘ 7 NORMAL ANNUAL TEMPERATURE BIKANER 4 JooHPUR AIMER 4g anus 267" 26-2 mat ze’ |onawn= ewe cre LP.NAUTIVAL aeeeeee eet NOTES 10 BASED UPOM SURVEY OF NDIA WAP wITK THE, PERURESION OF @ covennucwr oF wora corwenr 1983. ‘THE SURVEYOR GENERAL OF to! (HU RESPORSIGNLITY FORTHE CORRECTHNESS OF INFERNAL DETANS a7 SHOMN OR THE MAP RESTS TH THE PuaLISHER,PLATE ~ 6. S01 CLASsiFicaTiON um ee ——| 2. RED sanpy sou 4. DESERT Sou (Rnecosouie! 1 DESERT Sou. ( LITHOSOLICY 7 caucancous stenozeme « Uh age no one aac, BESS . a nore {we TERRITORIAL WATERS OF HOLA EXTEND TO THE SEATO A OTA NCE OF TmELVE naUTICAL MLC ccencs, FERSERD Je oraraie axcomas soe 190200 100 200 300 400 MEASURED FROM THE APPROPR. ATE BAS Line de GOVERNMENT OF (MOIR REFERENCES \VTERWATIONAL BOUNDARY -.. ; sve 20Ne sounoany...--~—- s Mansy Lamp... EE=o] avers. 6... 2% 6 samaner ome... MOTE: wis MAP was 4 Towns . DRAWN FROM THE reaTION ATLAS oF UNDIA. C1971 PLATE HO, CENTRAL WATER COMMISSION lnvonovogy inecionaL sTuo1es) CIRECT. Lunt SUB ZONE -I tal SOIL CLASSIFICATION loRawn a0 ‘eneeKeD 5. AGGARWAL, norRa t MOTES? 1) easeo UPON euNvET oF wala WAP WITH THE PEM THe SURVEYOR GEMERAL OF tHOHe. ‘Mh RESPONSIBILITY FOR Tue CORREGTHESH OF MTTENAAL DETAALS ‘sane OM THE MAP. RESTS wITK THE PUBLEIMER. @ sovernvens oF mous commicnt-1083-PLATE ~7. REFERENCES 2 ronest Awneat. puuses Smileets. poLses: 6 urcers THE TERRITORIAL WATERS OF NOIR Nee OF FweLwe mAUTICAL MILES ‘Frou The aPenorni.| 2 wweaT . wituers . eanice 2 MILLETS ano corron 10. WTERWATIONAL BOUHOARY —\—. or hy. 8u0 zowe aounoaer ——__ he mivens doaue to 9 1g “F0"_sg0 | CENTRAL WATER COMMISSION note THIS MAP HAS BEEN DRAWN FROM THE IRRIGATION ATLAS. OF IMOIA (1989 EDITION), PLATE NO.. 23. HYDROLOGY CREGIONAL, STUDY? OIREC. LuNt SU ZONE-1 Ce? LAND USE cuEEKED ALK. GUPTA, DRAWN — ‘S.M. MALHOTRA LP NAUTIVAL, Tes 1 asco UFon SumvEY OF OIA HAP WITH THE PERMISSION OF “THE SURVEYOR GENERAL OF INDIA. {iy RESPORSIOMLITY FOR THE CORREETHESS OF INTERAAL DETAILS ‘SHOWN OW THE MAP RESTS WIM THE PUBLISHER. ®overnnent of mova covenonr 1993x “REFERENCES 2 nwen a oft mutans ISOPLUVIALS SUPPLIED BY IMD. © seve oF torn conrniont= 1490. Pe Pe LouNt SUB ZONE-I (a) 25 ,YEAR- 24 HOUR RAINFALL (m mil= aes Fvaunwn a9 VaLOW IY ONS yaw vooy's'> = aax9349| LN3WHO1V9 G29NVONA 40 Hd Vu9OUQAH LINA JIL3HLNAS 40) |= 3NOZ ONS Ina T "Hua (s3/enis wworosy ) sDovOWaAN MOIGSIMWOD. waLYR “WWHLNS2 Wianr 30 ivannuanoo. sown 00081) TWwi0L 7 st oo oo oo oe cores oo-se ° coves ‘ corse: ° oovesr 4 -o0- voz ° os ece ‘ oor eer . os'se . va z ‘ety oun —isunow: ami nen annaeeraseecio sunow-ar & at oy srnn900-06 11 + os 9¢0 x004 oe Se seo rt oor tea Ue oe “wo 001 . e ore sunow z 1 t + Shay ost ao 40 eu suron £47 + Ofuy i eer sunok 99°? + Bey. oor sunk 6 o> + Oty oa so3nn9 o6-ece eH oe SuncH oo-e1 + gy ° 2 sunow 00-8 + wy oer sunon ose + gy ose sso + wk oor soma oes? 1 ay snow 00 ey of now ore 6) b= wes oo rly + vaur'3 eee 4 Sanaa oa TNE i. vows 4 aowvHosia +—— tsoanna)vuLowwn we warn Twauyoov 62 Tagu93K9 ANaWHDLVD OZOnYONN 40 Hav¥ooUGAH aoOTs NOISZO (0) 4-3NOZ ans iN ad Le “uo eaianis wuoisay) AsovowaA NOISeinwo> MZLYm THINS? (ian! 20 "awanmy3Ao9 cwwae ‘00073 NeIS30 40 NoLs¥insno? Wad 27-3uoxaNNy w343y ~340N a “—isunow) amis rc oor oor oor oo eos os ook ooe 006 e001 oon oar oer oct cost oer oer over wv34 Go07s noIsz0 coon Soawad aoe ‘ os tssnom zouvHOSIa + tsoannoyipee ave SECTION FIG Aa! [nsnt or aus srnon] LEGEND MER BTS TROUTARES . . 2. AFCHMENT BOUNDARY. . 3. RAINGNIGE STATIONS. 4. contours . SRoAo-.. . . 6 sMpontaNT Towns. % Toro sneer No. a 560 sie. DETAIL OF CATCHMENT. L CATCHMENT AREA ==» 662.082.K, SHAPE OF CATCHMENT. . FAH LENGTH OF HAIN RIVER 10.00 Kine 34 S10, CATCHMENT AREA PLAN OF RIVER LUNI, SITE ALNIAWAS. —2rile mies ‘aloo wales" FIG. Aad CATCHMENT AREA PLAN OF er RIVER. SURRI, SITE. SOJAT SUB ZONE.1 co, MOT SITE no.5 - we rahaa Leceno So pe S DETAIL OF CATCHMENT CATCHMENT AREA PLAN RIVER UNGTI,SITE BIAMI[sae ne aoa wf a | a on fact beastie relent,aeonsContour Elevation Ye yy Catchment Pion, Se Statisticol streom siope (m/km.) L= Length of longest stream Course ( km.) Le = Length of longest stream course from © point opposite the centre of gravity of the catchment to the Bridge site (km.) A= Catchment Area ( km2) 2 Le GOVERNMENT OF INDIA aetiraearHE CENTRAL WATER COMMISSION S82 HYDROLOGY (REGIONAL STUDIES) OTE |PHYSIOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS: Segment Lengths (km.) + Segment Slopes (mt./km.}/ DRAWN — CHECKED — eee LP. NAUTITAR! VINOD KAULfeet FIG.- 2. aR 2 + ai f {cumecs) pura Qa ; #H a ° i234 5 6 fe U.G + Unit Graph tr & Unit Reinfall Ouretion adopted in o specific stuay (hn! Tm = Time fromthe start of rise to the peak of the UG (hr) QP = Peak Discharge of Unit Hydrograph (Cumeécs.) 'p 2 Time from the Centre of Effective Rainfall duration to the U.G Peak (hrt WSO . with of the UG measured of the 5O% of peak discharge ordinote (hed W75 = Width of the UG measured at 75% of paok discharge ordinate (hr! WRso « Width of the rising lind of U.G measured at 5O% of peak discharge ordinate (he) WR75 « Width of the rising limb of U.G measured at 75% of peok discharge ordinote the.) TB = Bose width of Unit Hydrograph (hr? A = Catchment Area (Sq.km.) 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TwuLNaD ‘ant ag aaiiaens s3quno 1%) Nouvuna uous bo 08 09 «OF of 0 ° 8 e g + (6) Wanye neous sauvTAN AD S¥noH zi-Z 40 SMuoLS ~o1s 001 oe 09 or oz oO Tae 1%) NolvHna HOLS oz or 09 oe ‘ot 06) Vivant mMoLS aauyrANAD SuNOH Pz +61 40 SHHOLS 00) 08 09 oF oz Oo (%) Nouuna WMoLs ° oz 08 08 ° (C4) Tanta MMOL auW AKAD Joo! | SunoH 9-¥ 40 sMuoLs 1%) Nouvene KuoLs oo! 08 09 or ok SUnOH 81 1 40 SnuoLs + (%) Nolwuna wuous oor oe 09 oF oF ° Sunon ¢-z 40 SNYOLS oz oF oo 8 01 ° oz 08 oe + (mo) Wann wuois aAuYTAWAD 0%) TOVaNIvE nuoLs aAUTIOWADNAME OF THE OFFICIAL ASSOCIATED 1. STAGE DISCHARGE AND RAINFALL DATA COLLECTION (A) Zonal Railways (data collection). (4) Northern Railway sh. P.N. Saigal SEN / FCW sh. M.K. Tewari com / Fcw (ii) Western Railway sh. P.S. Chowdhury, Dy. CE/ BEF Sh. S.C. Gupta, AEN/ B & F Sh. B.B. Marwai Tow / B&F Sh. S.K. Chandak Tow / B&F (B) R.D.S.0. (Guidance and Supervision in Data Collection) Sh. P.B. Sinha ADE (BEF). sh. P.N. Gupta, TOW (B&F). Sh. Inder Sain, IOW (BEF). Sh. R.K. Mazumdar, TOW (BEF). 2. STORM STUDIES DIRECTORATE OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY (I.M.D) Dr. D.K. Gupta, Director sh. B. Ray Meteorologist —__ Dr. D.C. Mantan, Asstt. Meteorologist Sh. I.K, Sachdeva, S.A. Sh. P.K. Sharma, S.A. Sh. J.D. Mahato, Adnn. Asstt Sh. Greesh Kumar 8.0 Sh. M.K. Purohit 8.0. 3. ANALYSIS OF DATA STUDIES AND PREPARATION OF REPORT, (REGIONAL STUDIES) DIRECTORATE, CENTRAL WATER COMMISSION. Shri R.K. Gupta - Dy. Director. Shri C.S. Agarwal- Asstt. Director. s/shri K:K Aich, Vinod Kaul - E-A.Ds. 8/Shri S.N. Malhotra,S.S. Jhas, - D/Man Gr. I. S/Shri L.P. Nautiyal, Ramesh Chander - D/Man Gr.IT. Shri L.K. Pant - D/Man Gr. III. Shri S.C. Jain - Professional Asstt. Shri D.S. Kapoor _~ Senior Conputor. smt Rajkumari Tahiliaramani, Sudesh Sharma and shri V. Suresh = dr. Computors. HYDROLOGYLIST OF FLOOD ESTIMATION REPORTS PUBLISHED A. UNDER SHORT TERM PLAN 1. Estimation of Design Flood Peak (1973) B. UNDER LONG TERM PLAN 1. Lower Gangetic Plains subzone-1(g) (1978) 2. Lower Godavari subzone-3(f) (1981) 3. Lower Narmada & Tapi subzone-3(b) (1982) 4. Mahanadi subzone~3 (4) (1982) 5. Upper Narmada & Tapi subzone-3(c) (1983) 6. Krishna & Penner subzone-3(h) (1983) 7. South Brahmaputra Basin subzone-2(b) (1984) 8. Upper Indo-Ganga Plains subzone-i(e) (1984) 9. Middle Ganga Plains subzone-1(f) (1985) 20. Kaveri Basin subzone-3(i) (1986) ii. Upper Godavari subzone~3(e) (1986) Mahi & Sabarmati subzone-3(a) (1987) East Coast subzone+4(a), (b) & (c) (1987) Sone subzone~1(d) (1988) Chambal subzone 1(b) (1988) Betwa subzone 1(c) (1989) North Brahmaputra Basin subzone 2(a) (1991) West coast Region subzone 5(a) & (b) (1992) Designed & Printed at Piblication Division of Central Water Comission R.K. Puram, New Delhi-110066. No. 1/94