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Experiment No. 3::-Study of Benson Boiler

Benson proposed a boiler that operated at critical pressure to eliminate bubble formation. The first high-pressure Benson boiler was built in 1927 in Germany. It uses a radiant evaporator and final evaporator to convert water to supercritical steam over 225 atmospheres, which is then superheated. Major difficulties were salt deposits during the final evaporation, so boilers are flushed every 4,000 hours. Benson boilers reduced weight by 20% over drum-type boilers and were easier to transport and install due to all-welded construction. They also took up less floor space and allowed more efficient operation.

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125 views

Experiment No. 3::-Study of Benson Boiler

Benson proposed a boiler that operated at critical pressure to eliminate bubble formation. The first high-pressure Benson boiler was built in 1927 in Germany. It uses a radiant evaporator and final evaporator to convert water to supercritical steam over 225 atmospheres, which is then superheated. Major difficulties were salt deposits during the final evaporation, so boilers are flushed every 4,000 hours. Benson boilers reduced weight by 20% over drum-type boilers and were easier to transport and install due to all-welded construction. They also took up less floor space and allowed more efficient operation.

Uploaded by

shivrant shivrant
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment No.

OBJECT :- Study of Benson Boiler.


Benson in 1922 argued that if boiler pressure was raised to critical
pressure (225 atm.), the steam and water would have the same
density, and therefore the danger of bubble formation can be
completely eliminated. The technical development at that time did
not allow the construction of of turbines for such high pressure.The
first high pressure ,Benson boiler was put into operation in 1927 by
Siemens-Schukert Merkewest Germany, the well known pioneer in
the field of steam power machines.
The arrangement of boiler component is shown in the field of steam
power machines. The water is passed through the economizer into the
Radient Evaporator as shown in the fig.3.1 converted into steam.The
remaining water is evaporated in the final evaporator,absorbing the
heat from hot gases by convection. The Super critical pressure steam
(at 225 atm.) is then passed through the super heater.
Major difficulty of salt deposition was experienced in the
transformation zone when all the remaining water is converted into
steam.
To avoid this difficulty,the boiler (final evaporator) is normally
flushed out after every 4000 working hours to remove the salt.
The development of Benson Boiler was very slow initially upto 1934.
The maximum working pressure obtained so far from commercial
Benson Boiler is 500 bars. Benson boils of 150 tonnes/hr. capacities
are in use.
ADVANTAGES:-
1. As there are no drums, the total weight of Benson Boiler is 20%
less than other boilers.This reduces the cost of the boiler.
2. Normal circulation boilers require expansion joints but these are
not required for Benson as the pipes are welded. The erection of
Benson Boiler is easier and quicker as all the parts are welded at site
and workshop job of tube expansion is all together avoided.
3. The transport of Benson Boiler is easy as no drums are required.
4. The Benson boiler can be erected in a comparatively smaller floor
area.
5. The furnace walls of the boiler can be move efficiently protected
by using small diameter.
6. The super heater in the Benson boiler is an integral part of forced
circulation system, therefore no special starting arrangement for super
heater is required.
7. The Benson boiler can be started very quickly because of welded
joints.
8. The Benson boiler can be operated most economicallyby varying
the temp. and pressure at partial loads and overloads.
9. The blow down losses of boiler are nearly 4% of natural
circulation boilers of same capacity.
10. The blow down losses of Benson boiler are nearly 4%.
11. Explosion hazards are not at all severe as it consists of only tube
diameters and has very little capacity to drum type boiler.
During starting the water is passed through the economizer,super
heater and back to the feed line starting value A. During starting the
value B is closed. As the steam generation is closed and value B is
opened.
During starting, first circulating pumps are starting and then the
burners are starting to avoid the super heating of evaporator and super
heater tubes.

BENSON BOILER

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