Imarcon Instruments = jarcont TF 2016A 10 kHz-120 MHz AM/FM SIGNAL GENERATORInstruction Manual H 52016-910C 10 kHz-120 MHz AM/FM Signal Generator TF 2016A Code No. 52016-8100 1979 MARCONI INSTRUMENTS LIMITED. ST. ALBANS HERTFORDSHIRE ENGLAND. Part no, 46881-3415 Feb. 85 (Am. 6) Print code : H-2/85, MI 2.75¢ Page (i)1H 52016-910C CONTENTS PRELIMINARIES Title page Contents Notes and cautions (CHAPTERS. General information Installation Operation Technical description Maintenance Replaceable parts Servicing diagrams Note «++ Each page bears the date of the original issue or the code number and date of the latest amendment (Am. 1, Am. 2etc.). New or amended material of technical importance intro- duced by the latest amendment is indicated by triangles positioned thus P> .... <4 to show the extent of the change. When a chapter is reissued the triangles do not appear. ‘Any changes subsequent to the latest amendment state of the manual are included on inserted sheets coded C1, C2 ete. Page (ii) Jan, 80H 52016-910C NOTES AND CAUTIONS SAFETY PRECAUTIONS ‘This equipment is protected in accordance with IEC Safety Class 1. It has been designed and tested according to IEC Publication 248, ‘Safety Requirements for Electronic Measuring Apparatus’, and has been supplied in a safe condition. The following precautions must be observed by the user to ensure safe operation and to retain the equipment in a safe condition. Defects and abnormal stresses Whenever it is likely that protection has been impaired, for example as a result of damage caused by severe conditions of transport or storage, the equipment shall be made inoperative and be secured against any unintended operation. Rem of cov 8 Removal of the covers is likely to expose live parts although reasonable precautions have been taken in the design of the equipment to shield such parts. The equipment shall be dis~ connected from the supply before carrying out any adjustment, replacement or maintenance and repair during which the equipment shall be opened. If any adjustment, maintenance or repair under voltage is inevitable it shall only be carried out by a skilled person who is aware of the hazard involved. Note that capacitors inside the equipment may still be charged when the equipment has been disconnected from the supply. Before carrying out any work inside the equipment, capacitors connected to high voltage points should be discharged; to discharge mains filter capacitors, if fitted, short together the L (live) and N (neutral) pins of the mains plug. Mains plug, ‘The mains plug shall only be inserted in a socket outlet provided with a protective earth contact. The protective action shall not be negated by the use of an extension lead without pro- tective conductor. Any interruption of the protective conductor inside or outside the equipment is likely to make the equipment dangerous. Fuses Note that there is a supply fuse in both the live and neutral wires of the supply lead, If only one of these fuses should rupture, certain parts of the equipment could remain at supply potential. To provide protection against breakdown of the supply lead, its connectors, and filter where fitted, an external supply fuse (e.g. fitted in the connecting plug) should be used in the live lead. ‘The fuse should have a continuous rating not exceeding 6 A. Make sure that only fuses with the required rated current and of the specified type are used for replacement. The use of mended fuses and the short-circuiting of fuse holders shall be avoided. Feb. 85 (Am. 6) Page (iii)HH 52016-9106 Radio frequency interference This equipment conforms with the requirements of IEC Directive 76/889 as to limits of r.f. interference. WARNING : Handling hazards ‘This equipment is formed from metal pressings and although every endeavour has been made to remove sharp points and edges, care should be taken, par- ticularly when servicing the equipment, to avoid ‘minor cuts. WARNING : Toxic hazard Many of the electronic components used in this equipment employ resins and other chemicals which give off toxic fumes on incineration. Appropriate precautions should therefore be taken in the disposal of these items. Page (iv) Feb. 85 (Am. 6)H 52016-910C ‘Chapter 1 ERAL INFORMATION CONTENTS Para, 1 Introduction 5 Performance data 16 Accessories 19 Alternative versions Fig. Page 1 AM/FM Signal Generator TF 2016A INTRODUCTION 1, TF 2016A is a general purpose a.m./f.m. signal generator covering the frequeney range 10 kifz to 120 MHz in twelve switched bands. Fundamental frequency generation is by voltage tuned oscillators which, in conjunction with the panel mounted controls, enable easy tuning to narrow band communication receivers up to the highest carrier frequencies. This 'A' version has a number of improvements including reverse power protection, an increased attenuation ange and a modulation on/off switeb. 2, Outputs up to 2 Ve.m.f. can be obtained with up to 100% a.m, or up to 4 Ve.m.f. for ¢.W. or f.m. Output is maintained constant over the whole frequency range by an automatic level control loop and is adjustable by coarse and fine attenuators calibrated in voltage. An auxiliary output is available for driving a counter or digital synchronizer. Deere Chap. 1 sone Page 1H 52016-9100 3. Amplitude modulation and frequency modulation are both derived from an internal oscilla~ tor. AM depth is variable up to 100% by a directly calibrated control. FM is directly calibrated in three full-scale ranges of 5 kHz, 25 kHz and 75 kHz peak deviation. External modulation may also be applied and a mixed a.m. and f.m. facility is available. 4, The instrument, which is compact and portable, can be operated from a.c. supplies or from an external battery. PERFORMANCE DATA 5. Frequency Range : 10 kta to 120 MHtz in 12 bands : (1) 10 to 22 kHz 2) 22 to 48 ke (8) 48 to 105 kHz (4) 105 to 230 kHz (6) 230 to 500 kHz (6) 0.5to1.1 MHz (7) 11 to 2.4 MHz (8) 2.4t0 5.2 MHz (9) 5.2t0 11.4 Mz (10) 10 to 23 MHz (11) 23 to 53 Miz (22) 53 to 120 MHz Discrimination : Sultable for tuning into @ narrow band receiver (tuning discrimination better than 1 in 108 Scale accuracy : 42% with EXTRA FINE TUNE control centred. Stability : ‘At a constant ambient temperature in the range 10°C to 35°C and after 2 hours from switch on, the drift does uot exceed 25 Hz in 5 minutes up to 200 kHz and 20 p.p-m. +100 Hz in 5 minutes above 200 kHz. 6 0.2 pV to 2 Ve.m.f, with up to 100% a.m. Upto 4Ve.m.f. in c.w. and f.m, modes. Attenuators : Coarse : 13 steps of 10 dB. Fine; to 10 dB continuously variable. Total level accuracy : With the CARRIER switch in the ON position, the output level is within #1 dB of the indicated value for all attenuator settings above 2uV e.m.f. Calibration Output calibrated in V, mV and V e.m.f. Source impedance : 500. VSWR better than 1.2:1 with 10 4B or more coarse attenuation. BNC socket Counter output : Greater than 50 mV into 50 2. TNC socket. Chap. 1 Page 2 Jan. 80Leakage : Reverse power protection : 7. Amplitude modulation Carrier frequency range + Depth Accuracy and distortion atl kHz Internal frequeney AF output : External frequency charac- teristic : External input requirement 8. Frequency modulation Carrier frequency range : Deviation Accuracy : Internal frequency : AP output : External input require ment : May 81 (Am, 2) 1H 52016-910C Less than 0.5 4V ina 2 turn, 25 mm diameter loop 25 mm or more from the instrument. This permits measurements on receivers with sensitivities down to 0.1 nV. Protects signal generator output from accidental r.f, power application up to 100 W from 10 kHz to 120 MHz. and d.c. voltages up to 450 V. LED indication and reset push-button are provided. 100 kiiz to 120 MHz. Usable down to 10 kHz. Continuously variable up to an indicated 100% by directly calibrated control. as ‘AM Depth frequency 30% 30% range (MHz) Ace. Dist. Ace. Dist. 0.1 - 30 43.5%, 1.5% 4h 3% 30-90 44.5% 3% 6% 90-120 | 45.5% 3% 48 | 6% Switch selected 400 Hz or 1 kHz 45%, Fixed level greater than 1 Vr.m.s. into 10 k®, Rear panel BNC outlet. 100 Hz to 10 kHz within 0.5 dB of the response at 1 kiz. Less than 1.5 Vr.m.s. into 1k. 1.1 MHz to 120 MHz. Continuously variable in three ranges with full-scale settings of 5 kHz, 25 kHz and 75 kHz. +15% f.8.d, at 1 kHz modulation frequency. Switch selected 400 Hz or 1 kHz 45%, Fixed level greater than 1 Vr.m.s. into 10 k®. Rear panel BNC outlet. Less than 1,5 Vr.m.s, into 1 k@. Chap. 1 Page 3External frequency characteristic FM stereo performance (88 to 108 MHz and 10.7 MHz ‘on range 9 only). FM distortion at 1 kHz 9. Spurious signals Carrier harmonies : Non-harmonically related coherent components : FM on c.w. : AMonc.w. : 10, IF probe supply 11, Power requirements AC supply = External d.c. : 12, Dimensions and weight Chap. 1 Page + H 52016-9100 With f.m. deviation up to the maximum shown in the table below, 50 Hz to 10 kHz within 1 dB of the response at 1 kHz; usable to 100 kHz at carrier frequencies above 30 MHz. Channel separation better than 30 dB at 1 kHz modu- lation frequency. Carrier Maximum deviation frequency obtainable for t-h.d. of range (MHz) 2% 4% Lal 2.4 - 5 kHz 2.4 - 5.2 5 kz 25 kHz 5.2- 114 25 itz 15 kHz 10 - 120 75 kHz 7 At least 26 dB below carrier at carrier levels up to 2Ve.m.f. None. Fundamental frequency generation produces no non-harmonically related coherent components. With telephone weighting (CCITT P53) less than 10 Hz deviation up to 53 MHz and 20 Hz above. With telephone weighting (CCITT P58) less than 0.05% modulation depth. A rear panel socket provides +20 Vdc. behind 470 {as power supply for optional i.f. probes. Any voltage within the limits 190 to 264 V or 95 to 182 V, at any frequency between 45 and 65 Hz, (usable to 500 Hz). 40 VA (92 W) maximum. 23 V to 92 V, negative earth, 0.7 A maximum, Height width Depth Weight 140 mm. 286mm = Sllmm 7 kg Sein 1d in 123 in 15.4 Ib gan. 8013. Environmental Limit range of operation : ‘Temperature : Conditions of storage and transport : ‘Temperature : Humidity = Altitude + 14, Safety : 15, Radio frequency interference ACCESSORIES 16. Supplied accessories 49129-071D 41690-1028 17. Optional accessories 43126-0128 41690-0448 44411-001M 44411-0196 54451-1218 54451-061Y 54451-0718 s4911-0712 35902-255P 35902-256K 54127-251P 54127-2414 Jan. 80 52016-9100 0°C to 55°C. 40°C to +70°C. Up to 90% rh. Up to 2500 m, i.e, pressurized freight at 27 kPa (3.9 Ibf/in?) differential. Complies with IEC 348 and BS4743. Conforms to the requirements of EEC directive 76/889 as to limits of r.f. interference. Mains cable, 2 m. Protective front panel cover, RF connecting cable, 50 9, BNC to BNC, 1.5 m. Carrying case. Matching Unit TM 5569, a series 25 ® resistor that converts the effective source impedance of the generator from 50 © to 75 2. BNC socket to Belling-Lee type L734/P plug. Matching Pad TM 5579/3, for matching to 75 9 loads, Input/output voltage ratio 2:1. BNC plug to BNC socket, 455 klfz i.f. probe. _) Each provides a crystal ) controlled signal at a 470 katz 1.f. probe. Ree eee ) standard {.f. for use in 10.7.MHz 1.f. probe.) receiver alignment. Adapter, BNC to TNC. Reversible conversion plates for output attenuator calibration GB relative to 1 mW and pV p.d. BAY e.m.f, and dBUV p.d. Rack mounting shelf for TF 20164. Rack mounting shelf for TF 2016A with ‘TF 2173 Digital Synchronizer. Chap. 1 Page 51H 52016-910C 13, Associated equipment 52173-900M ‘TF 2173 Digital Synchronizer with +1 in 107 frequency stability. 52169-9005 ‘TF 2169 Pulse Modulator for use above 10 MHz. ALERNATIVE VERSIONS 19, The instrument is also available with a preset frequency modulation facility which enables receivers fitted with 150 Hz calling tone circuits to be tested without separate signal injection, In this version the 400 Hz internal modulation oscillator is replaced by a 150 Hz fixed deviation pilot tone, (For details see Supplement # 52016~302E). Chap. 1 Page 6 Jan, 80H52016-910C Chapter 2 INSTALLATION CONTENTS Para. 1 Unpacking and repacking 3. AC mains operation 6 Battery operation 7 Rack mounting arrangements UNPACKING AND REPACKIN: 1, Retain the packing materials and the packing instruction note (if included) in case it is necessary to reship the instrument. 2, Ifthe instrument is to be returned for servicing attach a label indicating the service required, type or model number (on rear label), serial number and your return address. Pack the instrument in accordance with the general instructions below or with the more detailed information in the packing instruction note. (@) Place a pad in the bottom of the container. @) Place pads in the front and rear ends of the container with the load spreader(s) facing inwards. (8) Put the polythene cover over the instrument and place it in the container with the front handles and rear projections (where applicable) against the load spreaders. (4) Place pads in the two sides of the container with cushioning facing inwards. (5) Place the top pad in position. (6) Wrap the container in waterproof paper and secure with adhesive tape. (7) Mark the package FRAGILE to encourage careful handling. Note... If the original container or materials are not available, use a strong double-wall carton packed with a 7 to 10 cm layer of shock absorbing material around all sides of the instrument to hold it firmly. Protect the front panel controls with a plywood or cardboard load spreader; if the rear panel has guard plates or other projections a rear load spreader it also advisable, AC MAINS OPERATION 3, Before connecting the instrument to the supply check the position of the voltage selector onthe rear panel. The instrument is normally despatched with the selector set to 230 V. Chap. 2 Jan. 80 Page 11H 52016-910C 4. For supplies in the range 95 to 132 V, remove the locking plate, set the switch to 115 V, reverse the plate and refit, Note that the a.c. supply fuses must also be changed to a rating of 500 mA, slow-blow. 5. The free a.c. supply cable is fitted at one end with a female plug which mates with the a,c. connector at the rear of the instrument. When fitting a supply plug ensure that conductors are connected as follows : Earth - Green/Yellow Neutral - Blue Live - Brown When attaching the mains lead to a non-soldered plug it is recommended that the tinned ends of the lead are first cut off owing to the danger of cold flow resulting in intermittent connec tions. BATTERY OPERATION 6. For battery operation it is only required to connect a nominal 24 V d.c. supply to the appropriate terminals on the rear of the instrument. Check that a 1A fast-blow fuse is fitted in the BATT holder. Note... ‘There is no mains/battery switch. AC and d.c. supplies may safely be applied stmul- taneously, in which case the a,c, input will automatically override the d.c, This feature can be used for emergency standby battery operation since the battery supply will automatically take over in the event of a mains supply failure. RACK MOUNTING ARRANGEMENTS 7. Two rack mounting shelves are available for fitting the TF 2016A into a standard 19-inch rack. A single version, 54127-291P, accommodates the TF 2016A on its own and a double version takes both the TF 2016A and the TF 2173 Digital Synchronizer, one above the other. Chap. 2 Page 2 May 81 (Am, 2)OPERATION CONTENTS Para, 1 Controls and connectors Setting frequency Operation with digital synchronizer Sweep facility Setting modulation Internal a.m. Internal fm. 9 External a.m. or f.m, 10 Internal a.m, with external f.m. 11 Internal f-m. with external a.m. 12 Internal modulation output 18. Setting output 14 Attenuator calibration 16 Matching to high impedance loads 18 Use of i.f. probes 20 Use of external counter 21 Reverse power protection Fig. 1 Front panel controls ... Rear panel controls... Output conversion scale High Impedance matching CONTROLS AND CONNECTORS 1. Front panel (1) AC SUPPLY switch, Positioned up to switch ON, H 52016-9100 Page @) PILOT LAMP. Lit when a.c. supply is switched on or when external battery is connected. (3) CARRIER switch. Set at ON for normal c.w, #6 dB position provides a high output for c.w. or f.m. only. {.m, or a.m, operation, The ‘The OFF position allows the carrier to be switched off without switching the instrument off. (4) CARRIER RANGE switch. Selects the required frequency range and exposes the appropriate tuning scale. (5) TUNE control. This is a nineteen position switch to set the generator approxi- mately to the required frequency. (6) FINE TUNE control. Provides continuous tuning between each of the nineteen positions of (5) above. Jan. 80 Chap. 3 Page 1a En un eee H 52016-9100 EXTRA FINE TUNE control, An uncalibrated fine tuning control which allows very precise setting of the carrier frequency. sowie -oowic anf stoi] ceneRsTOR TF 20164 e/ @) @ (io) ay) aay as) aay as) as) Chap. 3 Page 2 Fig. 1 Front panel controls. FUNCTION switch, Selects c.w., internal or external a.m. or fm. or simultaneous f.m. and a.m. DEVIATION control. Full-scale value is 5 kHz, 25 kHz or 75 kHz depending on setting of deviation multiplier. DEVIATION = 5, x1, x3, Multiplier for use with DEVIATION control. SET MOD control. Adjusted to set the pointer of the MOD & CARRIER LEVEL meter to the reference mark for f.m. or a.m. MOD FREQUENCY switch. Selects the internal modulation frequency, 400 Hz or 1 kHz, AM DEPTH. Adjusted to provide the desired a.m. depth from 0 to 100%. MOD & CARRIER LEVEL meter, Indicates correct reference level for a.m, and f.m, and also correct a.1.c. operation in the c.w. mode. MOD ON/OFF switch, Enables internal or external modulation to be interrupted 80 as to allow fast signal-to-noise measurements to be made. RF OUTPUT (coarse). Stepped attenuator providing inerements of 10 dB from 0.2 nV to 2 Ve.m.f, Jan, 80Dec. 80 (Am. 1) # 52016-910C (17) RF OUTPUT (fine). Continuously variable to interpolate between coarse steps of item (16). (48) RF OUTPUT connector. BNC 509, Output in voltage given by combination of coarse and fine RF OUTPUT control settings. Multiply readings by 2 when CARRIER switch is in +6 dB position. (19) REVERSE POWER TRIP & RESET. Provides protection against r.f. power or d.c. voltage externally applied to the RF OUTPUT socket. Rear panel (@) MAINS INPUT connector. Bulgin P580. The a.c. supply is connected through this plug which mates with the connector fitted to the supplied mains cable. (2) VOLTAGE SELECTOR switch. Selects either 95 to 132 V or 190 to 264 V range to suit local a.c. supply. (3) AC FUSES. Mains input fuses rated at 250 mA (slow-blow) for 190 to 264 V or 500 mA (slow-blow) for 95 to 132 V. (4) BATTERY FUSE. Battery input fuse rated at 1 A (fast-blow ). (3) BATTERY TERMINALS. Battery input terminals (negative is connected to chassis). (6) EXT MOD IN connector. BNC 50 &. High impedance input for external modulation. Fig. 2 Rear panel controls. Chap. 3 Page 3H_52016-910C (1) INT MOD OUT connector. BNC 50 2. Internal modulation oscillator, 1 kHz or 400 Hz, output when FUNCTION switch is set at INT AM or FM. (8) SYNC/SWEEP IN connector. BNC 509. Accepts a frequency sweep voltage or the control voltage from a digital synchronizer, such as TF 2173. (9) IF PROBE SUPPLY connector. DIN loudspeaker socket provides +20 V for external i.f. probe. (10) COUNTER OUT. TNC 509. For connection to an external counter or digital synchronizer (see para. 20). SETTING FREQUENCY 3. (1) _ Set SUPPLY switch at ON and check that the pilot lamp is lit. (2) Connect TF 2016A to the equipment under test. (3) Set FUNCTION switch at CW and the CARRIER RANGE switch to select the desired frequency range. (4) Set CARRIER switch at ON and check that the meter pointer is within the white box. (3) Rotate the stepped TUNE control to position the pointer of the tuning scale as close as possible to the destred frequency. Then adjust the FINE TUNE, control to position the pointer correctly. For final precise adjustment use the EXTRA FINE TUNE control. OPERATION WITH DIGITAL SYNCHRONIZER 4. ‘TF 2016A can be used with digital synchronizer TF 2173 for a high degree of frequency stability. ‘The synchronizer is driven from the COUNTER OUTPUT socket (rear of instrument) and its control voltage is applied to SYNC/SWEEP connector. SWEEP FACIUITY 5. A voltage swing of 0 to +19 V applied to the SYNC/SWEEP IN connector will vary the carrier frequency over the frequency coverage of any one range. If a linear sweep is required a suitable non-linear waveform must be used, To maintain the r.f. levelling accuracy, slow sweep speeds are necessary. SETTING MODULATION 6. AMor f£.m. may be applied from the internal modulation oscillator or from an external source as described below. Internal a.m. (2) Select desired modulating frequency by means of MOD FREQUENCY switch. (2) Set FUNCTION switch at INT AM, CARRIER switch at ON and MOD switch at ON. Note « Amplitude modulation is not possible when CARRIER switch is at +6 dB. Chap. 3 Page 4 Jan, 80H 52016-9100 (3) Adjust SET MOD control to position the meter pointer at the centre of the white box. (4) Adjust AM DEPTH control to provide desired modulation. 8, Internal £, @) Select desired modulating frequency by means of MOD FREQUENCY switch. (2) Set FUNCTION switch at INT FM, CARRIER switch at ON and MOD switch at ON. For extra output set CARRIER switch at +6 dB. (8) Adjust SET MOD control to position the meter pointer at the centre of the white box. (4) Adjust DEVIATION control to provide a deviation from 0 - 5 kitz (DEVIATION multiplier in + 5 position), 0-25 kHz (x1) or 0-75 kHz (x3). 9. External a.m. or fm, (1) Set FUNCTION switch to appropriate position i.e. : EXT AM or EXT FM and CARRIER switch at ON, Note External a.m. is not possible when CARRIER switch is at +6 dB. @) Connect the external modulation source to EXT MOD IN (on rear panel); then adjust its level to position the meter pointer at the centre of the white box. (3) The desired modulation depth or deviation is then obtained by adjusting the relevant controls i.e, : AM DEPTH or DEVIATION. 10, Internal a.m. with external f.m. (1) Set FUNCTION switch at INT AM, CARRIER switch at ON and MOD switch at ON. Note . Amplitude modulation is not possible when CARRIER switch is at +6 dB. 2) Select desired internal modulating frequency by MOD FREQUENCY switch, (8) Adjust SET MOD control to position the meter pointer at the centre of the white box, 4) Connect the external modulation source to EXT MOD IN (on rear panel). (6) Set FUNCTION switch at EXT FM, Then adjust the level of the external ‘modulation to position the meter pointer at the centre of the white box. (8) Set FUNCTION switch at INT AM/EXT FM. Then adjust AM DEPTH and DEVIATION controls to provide the required levels of modulation. Chap. 3 Jan. 80 Page 5H 52016-9100 11, Internal f.m. with external a.m. (1) Set FUNCTION switch at INT FM, CARRIER switch at ON and MOD switch at ON. Note [Amplitude modulation is not possible when CARRIER switch is at +6 4B. (2) Select desired internal modulating frequency by MOD FREQUENCY switch. (3) Adjust the SET MOD control to position the meter pointer at the centre of the white box. (4) Connect the external modulation source to EXT MOD IN (rear panel), (5) Set FUNCTION switch at EXT AM. Then adjust the level of the external modulation to position the meter pointer at the centre of the white box. (6) Set FUNCTION switch at EXT AM/INT FM. Then adjust AM DEPTH and DEVIATION controls to provide the required levels of modulation. Internal_modulation output 12, When FUNCTION switch is at INT AM, INT FM, INT AM/EXT FM or EXT AM/INT FM, the modulating signal at a nominal 1 V (into @ high impedance load), is available at the INT MOD OUT connector on the rear panel. ‘This signal may be used, for example, to trigger an oscil- loscope at the modulating frequency or for a.f. tests. SETTING OUTPUT 13, For an unmodulated c.w. output proceed as follows : (2) Set FUNCTION switch at CW. (2) For normal operation set CARRIER switch at ON and check that the meter pointer is within the white box. (8) Set RF OUTPUT controls as required. (For extra output set CARRIER switch at +6 dB). Attenuator calibration 14, The RF OUTPUT controls (coarse and fine attenuators) are calibrated in Ve.m.f. Where dBAV or dBm levels are to be used refer to the conversion scale shown in Fig. 3. 15. Alternatively, a permanent change of scale can be made by fitting, as follows, one or other of the attenuator scale conversion plates listed under ‘Optional Accessories! in Chap. 1. (1) Remove the lower section of the case. (2) Tune to a convenient carrier frequency, e.g. 10 MHz, and with a suitable r.f. voltmeter connected to the RF OUTPUT note the reading with the attenuator set to2 Ve.m.f. Then switch off the instrument. (3) Remove the coarse and fine attenuator knobs and potentiometer securing nuts and fit the new cover plate, securing the nuts and the coarse attenuator knob. Chap. 3 Page 6 Jan. 80+H 52016-9100 ae ‘ Last bboy pron sth ji bi Fig. 3 Output conversion scale. (4) Rotate the fine attenuator spindle to obtain the same voltmeter reading as in (2) above, (5) _ Fix the fine attenuator knob so that it indicates the equivalent of 2 Ve.m.f. (1. Vp.d., #13 dBm, 126 dBaV e.m.f. ete.). (6) Repeat steps (4) and (5). (7) + Refit the lower section of the case. Matching to high impedance loads 16. To match a load that is greater than 50 S to the output of TF 2016A a resistor Ry is re- quired to be added in series with the generator output as in Fig. 4. The value of Rg is given by the difference between the load and the generator impedances, i.e. Rs = RL - Ry in which case the voltage across the load, Vz, is given by VL ele where E is the output voltage e.m.f, 17. When a series resistor is employed to match a receiver input impedance of 75 Gi the output impedance of the signal generator will be mismatched. Therefore wi it {s preferable to use Matching Pad type ——I ‘TM 5573/3 giving a convenient 2: t Giemsa (Uang Gis par Sant semis session weet Foumeen cizeut put impedance of the generator and the input impedance of the receiver are correctly matched. Fig. 4 High impedance matching. . Chap. 3 Jan. 80 Page 7H 52016-9100 USE OF IF PROBES 18, The {-f. probes generate crystal controlled signals at customary receiver it's of 458 kliz, 470 kia and 10.7 MHz. They are powered from the IF PROBE SUPPLY socket on the generator. 19, ‘The probes provide an auxiliary test signal for use in conjunction with the normal r.f- signal from the generator in receiver testing. In operation, the probe is positioned close (0 Siena diver oo that its signal is inductively coupled into the receiver 1.f. cireuit while the r-f- utput from the generator is connected in the normal way to the receiver input, This facilitates ‘a number of receiver tests such as the following =~ (1) Checking receiver if, When the signal generator is tuned to the nominal frequency of a receiver channel, any difference between the recelver if ‘and the probe frequency will produce a beat note in the receiver output. Readjusting the signal generator for zero beat, using the EXTRA FINE TUNE control, ensures that the generator is correctly tuned to the r.f, cireults in the receiver. 2) Overriding receiver de-sensitization, It is often difficult to tune a signal generator to a receiver incorporating some forms of de-sensitization, such fs squelch or a battery enonomizer, which respond to the presence of an 1.f. signal. This is because the varying r.f. signal may traverse the receiver pass band too quickly, so that an {.f, signal is not present for long enough to sensitize the squelch or economizer circuit. By using the i.f. probe to inject an {.£. signal the receiver can be held in the sensitive condition while the r.f, generator is tuned into the pass band. SE OF EXTERNAL COUNTER 20. For greater accuracy, the frequency of the signal generator may be measured on a counter connected to the COUNTER OUT socket on the rear panel. At carrier frequencies below So kif2, if a wide band counter is tsed, noise in the signal may cause spurious readings on the counter, If so, connect a 100 kHz low-pass filter between the signal generator and the counter. REVERSE POWER PROTECTION 21. This facility prevents internal damage due to r.f. power accidentally applied to the RE OUTPUT socket. ‘The r.f. level is monitored and when a given threshold is exceeded a relay in series with the RF OUTPUT socket is caused to open, thereby isolating the generator Sutput stage and attenuator from the output socket, Visual indication of this state is given by {liumnination of the REVERSE POWER TRIP lamp, The circuit latches in this protected state with the relay open until reset manually following removal of the offending overload. Reset is casily achieved by pressing the REVERSE POWER RESET button; alternatively the main supply may be switched OFF and ON. 22. The cireuit protects against continuous or long term overloads and also responds when- over a pulsed or transient overload is present whose peak power exceeds the threshold, ‘Transients aa short as 10 ys will operate the trip. Protection at low frequencies and d.c. is afforded by an internal 1 pF blocking capacitor, which enables the RF OUTPUT socket to be connected to external equipment with d.c. potentials within 50 Vi connection to higher d.c. potentials is possible using a suitable external blocking capacitor. Chap. 3 Page 8 Jan. 80H 52016-910C 23. It should be noted that in connecting the RF OUTPUT socket to a positive d.c. voltage exceeding 8 V the transient voltage step transmitted through the blocking capacitor will trip the protection cireuit. This state is evident by illumination of the TRIP lamp and the genera- tor output can be restored immediately by pressing the RESET button. 24. Another condition that may cause a false trip is operation of the CARRIER switch when the RF OUTPUT socket is unterminated and the coarse step attenuator Is set to maximum out- ut. Again, the output may be restored by pressing the RESET button to extinguish the TRIP lamp. Chap. 3 Jan. 80 Page 9/10H 52016-910C Chapter 4 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION CONTENTS Para. 1 Introduction 3. Overall function 11 RF oscillators 15 Tuning and frequency modulation 17 First a.l.c. loop 20. Phase splitter 21 Counter amplifier 22 Modulator and amplitude modulation 25 RF amplifier ~ levelling stages 26 Second a.I.c. loop 27 RF amplifier ~ output stages 28 Fine r.f, output control 29 +6 dB output 30 Coarse r.f, output control 31 Reverse power protection 39 Modulation oscillator and circuits 44° Monitor circuits 48° Power unit, 51 Supply filters Fig. Page 1 Block diagram . ee ’ : 2 Simplified diagram of amplitude modulator INTRODUCTION 1, All printed boards and other sub-assemblies in the instrument are allocated a unit identi- fication code in the sequence Al to A7 and, where practical, the sub-assembly is marked with this code. The main frame and interconnecting material is coded AO. 2, — The complete circuit reference for 2 component carries its unit Identification code as a prefix, e.g. ALC2. For convenience in this chapter and elsewhere the circuit reference is abbreviated by dropping the prefix, except where there is a risk of ambiguity. OVERALL FUNCTION Block diagram : see Fig. 1 3, Two voltage tuned oscillators are used to cover the twelve ranges, one oscillator covering ranges 1 to 9, the other ranges 10 to 12. The two outputs are routed by buffer amplifiers, and held at a constant level by the first automatic level control (a.l.c.) loop, The output is fed to @ phase spliiter, and also to the counter amplifier. Chap. 4 Jan. 80 Page 1H 52016-9100 4. The frequency of each oscillator is controlled by means of a set of variable capacitance diodes across the tuned circuit, the l.f. oscillator having two pairs of diodes, the h.f. circuit one pair of diodes. The capacitance of the diodes, and hence the resonant frequency of the tuned circuit, is determined by the control voltage applied to the diodes. This arrangement provides for both tuning and frequency modulation, a variable d.c. control voltage being applied for tuning purposes and an a.f. modulating signal for f.m. 5. The output from the phase splitter is fed to the modulator circuit. The r.f, output from the modulator is passed to a wide band amplifier incorporating an interstage voltage controlled amplifier. For f.m. and e.w., the modulator is bypassed by a change-over relay, to reduce noise in the circuits. ‘The output from the modulator is approximately 12 mV. 6. Output from the amplifier is applied to the input of the coarse RF OUTPUT attenuator and also to a detector circuit. This controls a second a.1.c. loop which, operating in conjunction with the fine RF OUTPUT attenuator, sets and then maintains the level of the rf. input to the coarse attenuator. 7. The rf. carrier can be amplitude or frequency modulated using either the internal modu- lation oscillator or an external signal. For a.m. the a.f. signal is applied to the modulator through an emitter follower (a.m. driver) and for f.m. to the tuning circuits. To ensure that deviation is acceptably constant over each frequency range, tracking circuits are employed. 3. A Wien bridge oscillator operating at 1 kHz or 400 Hz is used for internal modulation and to provide ana.f. output. For both a.m. and f.m. the internal a.f. signal is routed through the SET MOD control which {s adjusted to obtain 2 modulation reference level. The desired a.m. depth or f.m. deviation is then obtained by adjustment of the appropriate controls. 9. Inputs are provided for connection of an external modulating signal and for application of a suitable sweep waveform. A 20 V d.c. output is available as a supply for certain associated ‘equipments, e.g. i.f. probes, and an output is provided for connection to a frequency counter. 10. In c.w. operation the MOD & CARRIER LEVEL meter indicates correct operation of the a.l.c. Inthe modulated modes it monitors the a.f. reference level RF OSCILLATORS Cireuit diagram : Chap. 7,Fig. 4 (Al & A2) LL. The two rf, oscillators use a Colpitts arrangement and both employ bipolar maintaining transistors. Feedback is obtained from the centre tap of the variable capacitance diodes D2, D3 and DIL, the back-to-back configuration contributing to reduced distortion. The oscillators are built around TRI and TR16, their driving currents being controlled by the a.1.c. transistors ‘'TR2 and TR13 respectively. The oscillator not in use is turned off by diverting the a.l.c. current into a dummy load, TR3 or TR12, The dummy load transistor shares its heat with its maintaining transistor, to maintain the oscillating device temperature and reduce range change drift. 12, Diodes D2, D3 and D11 act as variable capacitors to tune the appropriate range coil. ‘There is one coil for each range of frequencies; the lowest nine ranges are independently selec~ ted by reed relays, A2RL1 to RL8 and AIRL1, Ranges 10 to 12 have their coils connected in series and the appropriate sections connected to earth by switching diodes D8 and D9 (e.g. when switched to range 11, L10 is shorted out by D9, and L11 and L12 combine to give the required tuning inductance). For ranges 1 to 9, the appropriate coil core sets the bottom of the range and the corresponding trimmer capacitor the top of the range. To adjust ranges 10 to 12, range 12 is set first by means of the adjuster inside the printed coil and the corresponding trimmer, then range 11 is set, then finally range 10. Chap. 4 Page 2 Jan. 80Block diagraH 52016-910C > a ) ae = oo 2h ER, peel y/ \ pq a OER PST atc lag T Eee we oe a - 2 am. Fig. 1 Jan, 801H 52016-910C 13. Frequency is stabilized by compensation for the instrument's rise in temperature after switch on. This is achieved by compensation of the 21 V supply by thermistor AOR36, also by thermistor AOR37 and nickel resistor ASR65. 14. The required oscillator is selected by the range switch, and its output is taken through a common buffer, TR18, to the first a.l.c. loop. TUNING AND FREQUENCY MODULATION Circuit diagram : Chap. 7, Fig. 2 (AS & A6) 15. Because the varactors used for tuning have a non-linear capacitance/voltage characteristic, a 19-position switch AOSG with a chain of various resistors is used to provide a stepped linear change of frequency. Potentiometer AOR’ interpolates between switch positions. The addi- tional potentiometer AOR33 enables TF 2016 to be precisely tuned to a receiver under test. 16. For a frequency modulated output the a.f. signal is routed to the varactors through the f.m. controls, scaling resistors AOR6 to R11, amplifier TR7, TRS and TR9, tracking resistors ASRS6 to R63, and the tuning control circuits. The tracking resistors are automatically selected by the carrier range switch. ASTR1O forms a low impedance source for the f.m. drive filter. In c.w. operation capacitors A0C73/74 are switched in to reduce the f.m. noise level. FIRST ALC LOOP Circuit diagram : Chap. 7, Fig. 6 (Ad) 17. The output from the oscillators is maintained at a nominal level of 44 mV by the first automatic level control (a.1.e.) loop. The oscillator output is applied to a detector circuit, Di and Dé, which is referenced by the set voltage at the junetion of Ri and R2. 18. Output from the detector is applied to one input of a differential pair TR1, TR2, where it is compared with a level preset by network R4, R5, R6 and R7. Any difference in the level of the signals either towards positive or negative appropriately varies the bias to the a.l.c. transistors ‘TR3, TR12 on the oscillator board Al, which re-establishes the required output level. 19. Diodes A4D2 and D3 compensate for the temperature changes of the detectors Dl and D4, Capacitors C14 and C15 ensure that the lower frequency ranges cannot be cut off by switching surges, and also minimize a.1.c. noise (spurious f.m.). PHASE SPLITTER Circuit diagram : Chap. 7, Fig. 6 (A3) 20. The controlled output level from the oscillators is applied to a low noise phase-splitter ‘TRI, after being attenuated by pad R2 and R3. This drives the modulator in a balanced mode. COUNTER AMPLIFIER Circuit diagram : Chap. 7, Fig. 6 (A3) 21. The attenuated signal fed to the phase splitter is also fed to the counter amplifier circuit, IC2, which provides an auxiliary output of greater than 50 mV into 50 Q, to drive an external frequency counter, or synchronizer. Chap. 4 Apr. 82 (Am. 3) Page 514 52016-910C MODULATOR AND AMPLITUDE MODULATION Circuit diagram : Chap. 7, Fig. 6 (A3) 22, The modulator, IC1, is a long-tailed pair with current steering. Its operation may be described as follows. ‘The sum of the two output currents equals the tail current and, from considerations of sym~ metry, if either V1 = V2 or V3 = Vq then Ty = Ip Also if R >> rg (the inherent emitter resistance) the collector currents of A and B will differ by an amount proportional to the difference between Vy and Vj. If, therefore, a small input at fre~ quency fy is applied between V, and Vp and a ° large signal at fg is applied between V3 and Vg, 7 8 a sufficient to turn the transistors C, F, D and E a fully on and off, it is evident that switching a modulation, similar to that of a diode ring will occur and frequencies f, + fy will occur at the output (as will sums and differences of fy and the odd harmonies of fg i.e. fy + 3f2, f, + Sfp, ete.). Fig. 2. Simplified diagram of amplitude modulator. 23, ‘The a.m, modulating signal is applied to the modulator in an unbalanced mode, and so needs no special driving circuits, For correct results, the modulator has to be set up to pro- vide 6 dB of carrier suppression at 120 MHz, below maximum output. 24, Inc.w. and fm. modes, the modulator is bypassed by a change-over relay, ASRLI, to further reduce the amplifier noise floor. LEVELLING STAGES Circuit diagram : Chap. 7, Fig. 6 (A3) 25, There are two identical levelling stages in the main r.f. amplifier circuit, formed around stages ASTRA and TR6. Maximum stage gain is determined by the drain-source ‘on’ resistance of the f.e.t., TRS and TR12, which varies with the a.l.c. control voltage from A4IC1, pin 6. ‘The minimum gain is determined for each stage by AIR48 and RSS respectively. SECOND ALC LOOP Circuit diagram : Chap. 7, Fig. 6 (A4) 26. ‘The a.1.c. control voltage is derived as follows = ‘The voltage across the second detector (A3D2 and D3) is compared by A4IC1 with a level dictated by the setting of the fine RF OUTPUT control AOR3. Any difference in the signals causes the output of A4IC1 to change, thus instructing the f.e.t. levelling stages to increase or reduce amplifier gain as necessary. The function of the second operational amplifier, A4IC2, is to invert the control signal to the integrating capacitor, C10, to preserve the sense of inte- gration. RE AMPLIFIER ~ OUTPUT STAGES Circuit diagram : Chap. 7, Fig. 6 (A3) 27. The class A output pair, ASTR1O and TRL, is driven by a phase splitter TR9, whose gain, and hence the gain of the triplet, is determined by the ratio of R75 and R77. The output Chap. 4 Page 6 Jan, 80H52016- 910C power available is determined by the current through the output pair and the supply voltage. The output level detector D2, D3 is mounted beside the output transistors. The output impedance is defined by AORS4 which is fitted inside the mounting pillar of the connector SKG. FINE RF OUTPUT CONTROL Circuit diagram : Chap. 7, Fig. 2 (A5) 28, The fine RF OUTPUT control dictates the level of the reference voltage to be compared with the voltage developed across the second detector. To compensate for an a.m, envelope, ‘an audio component is added into the fine output control. This feature is essential to the operation of a low frequency a.m. signal generator, since the detector time constants for @ carrier frequency of 10 ki#z mean that the a.1.c. action reduces the peaks of the envelope to the mean carrier, Hence the a.1.c. has to be compensated by feeding the modulation signal into the fine attenuator and rectifying the output at D7. 26 4B OUTPUT Circuit diagram : Chap. 7, Fig. 2 (A5) 29. To increase the level of the r.f. output by “6 dB, the reference level to the second a.l.c. via the fine RF OUTPUT control is increased by shunt resistor ASR25. Amplitude modulation {is not possible in this mode, so that when the CARRIER switch is in the +6 dB position, the a.m. modulating signal is routed to earth. COARSE RF OUTPUT CONTROL Circuit diagram : Chap. 7, Fig. 6 (A7) 30. This provides a loss of 130 dB in steps of 10 dB, The pad sections consist of resistive networks with a characteristic impedance of 50 &. The unit is divided into compartments to ensure maximum shielding between pads. Pads are connected into circuit by microswitches housed in screened compartments and operated in pairs by leaf springs actuated by cams on the control spindle. REVERSE POWER PROTECTION Circuit diagram 31, The r.f, path from input to output consists of a coaxial protection relay and d.c. blocking capacitor. The r.f, signal at the input socket is detected and fed to the first stage of the trip circuit, a comparator. With normal operating signal levels the comparator threshold is not exceeded and the relay remains energized, i.e. contacts closed. With overload the comparator output changes state and de-energizes the relay opening the contacts. A latching circuit breaks the h.t. supply to the relay and illuminates the l.e.d. overload indicator. The circuit will remain in this tripped state even with the overload removed until such time as the reset button is actuated. 32. Comparator, Cl is a d.i.1. comparator with threshold level set to about 2.3 V d.c. by preset potentiometer R4. This level corresponds to an overload threshold of 6.4 Vr.m.s. at 1 MHz and is such that a continuous r.f. overload of 3/4 W ispossible without trip-out. IC1 out~ put is high when r.f, level is below threshold (normal operation) and is low when r.f. level initially exceeds threshold during overload. 33. Relay switch. TRI is a switching transistor controlled by the comparator, TR1 being normally on, 34, Latch. In normal operation TR2, TR3 are on and pin 5 is held low through D7 so that the Chap. 4 Apr. 82 (Am. 3) Page 71H 52016-8100 L.esds, D2 on Fig. 6, is off. Following initial overload TRI turns off and the voltage across RLA coil falls to zero, turning TR3 off, TR9 collector rises to +20 Y turning TR2 off and at the same time pin 5 is released and the 1.e.d, illuminates with current limited by R13. The relay opens after a de-actuate period removing the overload, consequently TR1 turns on again but since TR2 is off the relay remains de-energized and the 1.e.d, remains on. 35. Reset. ‘The front panel push-button shorts pin 5 to chassis thereby generating a negative going voltage edge of about 2 V amplitude, This is transmitted via C9 and C7 to TR2 base turning TR2 on and energizing the relay. Should an overload still be connected when the reset is actuated the comparator output will turn TRI off as soon as the relay closes and the sequence of para. 34 will repeat. 36, Starter. ‘This ensures the latch circuit settles in the reset mode whenever the instrument is switched on, C8 charges through R11 and D6 when the h.t. supply exceeds 3 V rising to 20 V. The period that TR2 is held on is thereby extended until after TR1 has turned on, forcing the latch into the reset mode. 37. DCprotection. C1 protects the generator for up to +50 V applied d.e. Transient pulses occur whenever the generator output socket is connected to a different voltage level, and it ts inevitable that voltage levels exceeding +7.5 V d.c. cause transients that trip the protection circuit, R17 provides a charging path for C1 so that the circuit can be reset without further tripping. R16 and R17 provide a discharge path for Cl. 38, Pulse protection. The cireuit provides protection from pulse trains by responding to pulses whose peak power exceed the threshold for widths less than 10 us. TRI is turned off by the initial overload pulse, thereby operating the latch and de-energizing the relay. |ODULATION OSCILLATOR AND CIRCU Circuit diagram : Chap. 7, Fig. 2 (A6) 39. A Wien bridge circuit is employed for internal modulation of the r.f, signal and to provide an a.f, output at the INT MOD OUT connector. The circuit is switchable between 1 kHz and 400 Hz, the 400 Hz position switching in extra capacitors to lower the oscillator frequency. Note «++ It is possible to obtain alternative modulation frequencies in the range 400 Hz to 4 KHz. For frequencies up to 1 kHz change the '400 Hz" capacitors C9 and C11 to a new value given by (1900/f - 1.9)nF, where f = frequency required in Hz. Above 1 kHz, where the formula gives a negative result, change (1.e. reduce) the value of the ‘1 KHz" capacitors C2 and C3 by this amount. 40. The amplitude stabilization of the oscillator is provided by an f.e.t. feedback stage. ‘The output voltage is detected by diodes D1 and D2 and fed to the gate of the f.e.t., which acts as a voltage controlled resistor to vary the gain of the amplifier to sustain oscillation. This f.e.t. configuration eliminates switch-on ‘bounce’. 41. For amplitude modulation, the signal from the modulation oscillator ts routed through the SET MOD and AM DEPTH controls to the emitter follower ASTR2 in the a.m. driver circuit. 42, For frequency modulation the internal modulating signal is routed through the SET MOD and DEVIATION controls and driver TRE to the switched f.m. scaling resistors AORS to R11 (ganged to the CARRIER RANGE switch) and then through the {.m. driver ASTR7, TR8 and TRS, to the tuning circuits. 43, The MOD ON/OFF switch, SK, enables both internal and external modulation to be inter rupted. Chap. 4 Page 8 Jan. 801H 52016-910C MONITOR CIRCUITS Circuit diagram : Chap. 7, Fig. 2 (A5) 44. When the FUNCTION selector is set for u.m. or f.m. modulation the output from the internal or external modulation oscillator is routed to the monitor circuits on AS. 45. The a.£, is rectified by the circuit D1 and D2 and the positive d.c. output is applied to the meter MEI through the emitter follower TR1 and diode D3. To obtain the desired sensitivity the meter is backed off by a set d.c. level from the network R10, R11 and R12 and hy preset adjustment of R2 which sets a reference level to the detector circuit DI and D2. ‘Thermistor R9 provides the necessary temperature compensation to the network R10, Ril and R12 while D9 prevents the application of reverse currents to TRL. 48. When the FUNCTION switch is set for c.w. operation, the meter only indicates correct alc. operation, since the calibration accuracy of the fine rf, output control is largely depen dent upon the performance of the a.1.c, loop Ad. The circuit ASR10 to R16 forms a limits bridge with R13 preset to position the pointer of the meter at the centre of the white box on the meter scale, 47. Provided the output from the second a.1.c, remains within certain limits, diodes D4 and DS are non-conducting. Should the a.1.c. loop operate incorrectly due to malfunction of the rf, circuits, the operational amplifier A4IC1 will produce an output that is out of limits. ‘The appropriate diode then conducts, causing the bridge condition to change such that the meter pointer will be positioned at zero or f.8.d. POWER UNIT Cireuit diagram : Chap. 7, Fig. 2 (A6) 48. The power unit, which operates by switch selection from a.c. supplies of 95 to 132 V or 190 to 264 V, 45 to $00 Hz, is driven from a double secondary mains transformer AQT1, The transformer is torroidal, with a mumetal screen, both factors contributing to low hum radiation. 49. The higher voltage secondary winding, which gives 27 V r.m.s. is fed to a full-wave Tectifier bridge D9, D10, Di and D12, and a conventional regulator circuit, giving a +20V stabilized output, This regulator supplies all the circuits except the tuning circuits, r.f, oscillators and 1st a.1.c., which are driven from a +21 V regulator. The second secondary of the transformer (10 V r.m.s.) is full-wave rectified by D5, D6, D7 and D8, and is fed to a monolithic § V regulator ICL, which takes its ‘common’ terminal ftom the +20 V supply. It therefore supplies +5 V +20 V = +25 V to the +21 V regulator, which is a high performance clreuit giving the low ripple and high regulation needed for the r.f. oscillator control, The 21 V regulator sampling lines maintain the voltage across the tuning network, although some drift compensation is introduced by the thermistor R36, mounted in the filter box. CAUTION Both voltage supplies are short-circuit proof when the instrument is mains supplied. However, if a short circuit fault occurs, the instrument must be switched off to allow the cireuits to recover for a few minutes. The pilot lamp is extinguished when the instrument recovers. 50. Short circuit protection is provided by a two-transistor equivalent of an s.c.r. TRIS, 19 but with complementary gates, one of which can be triggered by a positive-going pulse, the other by a negative-going pulse. Chap. + Jan. 80 Page 91H 52016-910C SUPPLY FILTERS 51, Filters are incorporated in supply lines to various units to ensure that spurious rf. signals are not introduced into the circuits. All the filters are contained in a separately ‘screened box which consists of two screen divided sections. Each filter employs two series connected chokes and lead-through type shunt capacitors. Chap. 4 Page 10 Jan, 80Chapter 5 MAINTENANCE CONTENTS Para, 1 Introduetion 2 Access to sub-assemblies 2 Screw fasteners 3 Removal of case 4 Units Al and A2 5 Units A3 and Ad 6 Units AS and A6 7 Supply filters 8 Unit A7 9 Unit As 10 Performance checks 11 Test equipment 12 Power supply : A6 13 Frequency calibration : Al 14 RF output (normal) 15 RF output (+6 dB) 16 VSWR 17 Modulation oscillator performance 13 FM deviation 19 FM tracking 20 AM depth 21 ALC aystem 22 Counter output level 23 External modulation sensitivity 24 AM distortion 25 FM distortion 26 Spurious f.m. on c.w. 27 Spurious a.m. on c.w. 28 Carrier harmonics 29 Coarse r.f. output control 30 Fine rf, output control 31 _ Reverse power protection 32 Fault Location 33 DC voltages 36 RF signal levels 37 AF signal levels 38 Power supply 39 Frequency calibration 40 RF output 41 VSWR. 42 Modulation oscillator 43 Amplitude modulation 44 Frequency modulation 45 ALC system 46 Reverse power protection 47 Carrier harmonies Jan. 80 i §2016-810C Chap. 5 Page 152016-9100 ara. (contd) 48 Spurious modulation 49 Cleaning rotary switches 50 Replacing tuning drive cord 51 Additional information tables Page L Test equipment... ss. vee 3 2 RF signal levels... u 3. AF signal levels... 15 Power supply faults + 15, 5 Frequency calibration faults... 16 ) RF output faults... s+. 16 7 Modulation oscillator faults iw 4s Amplitude modulation faults 47 9) Frequency modulation faults... 18 to ALC faults eee ae 18 tL Reverse power protection faults 18 vie 1 Top view showing boards Al to Ad 8 2 Bottom view showing boards AS to AT od 3 Checking fm. and a.m. distortion . 10 1 Checking spurious f-m. on c.w. n 5. Checking spurious a.m. onc.W. 12 8 Replacing drive cord... : oe \NTRODUCTION t. This chapter contains information for keeping the equipment in good working order, for “heeking its overall performance and for tracing faults. Before attempting any maintenance athe equipment you are advised to read the preceding Technical Description chapter. ACCESS TO SUB-ASSEMBLIES wrew fasteners ‘The majority of screw threads used in the instrument are metric of various sizes but in ome positions BA threads are used. Ensure that screws removed are refitted in original positions. semoval of case 4. The case is in two sections. Remove the six screws at the rear of the instrument and then slide off the top and bottom sections. and AZ vit 4. Aland A2 form the r.f. oscillator mother board, which is contained within the rf, box. to obtain access, remove the cover of the r.f, box by removing the four fixing screws. Unit A1/A2 is hinged to provide access to the underside of Al and to AZ as shown in Fig. 1, Al is vetained by five M3 screws, one of which is in the middle of the board. The hinge pivot bolts anust be loosened before hinging the board out for access. CAUTION ‘Touching tuned eireuits on the oscillator board A1/A2 may stop oscillation, giving the false impression of circuit failure. To restore the normal a.1.c. working conditions switch the instrument momentarily off and on. é 2 Mar, 83 (Am.4)H 52016-910C Fig. 1 Top view showing boards Al to Ad Units A3 and Ad 5, The position of these units is shown in Fig. 1, Access to Ad is obtained by removing the four screws holding the screening plate and then by carefully folding this back with Ad attached. AG is retained by four M2 screws and the nut of the output socket mounting pillar ~ this special nut is 2BA across flats. Ad is retained by four M3 screws, Units AS and AG 6. The position of these units is shown in Fig. 2 and both are directly accessible from the underside of the instrument. AS Is retained by the two M2.5 serews, one of which is near the middle of the board, and one M3 screw which fixes the mounting block to the side frame of the instrument. The pivot bolts must be loosened before hinging AS back, (To retain AS in the open position while servicing, one pivot may be tightened). AG is retained by six M2.5 screws and also the support pillar for AS which is 5.5 mm across flats. Chap. 5 Jan. 80 Page 3H52016-910C Fig. 2. Bottom view showing boards AS to A7 Supply filters 7. These are contained in a separately screened compartment. Inputs and outputs can be accessed through the associated capacitors which are accessible by carefully folding AS upwards and folding Al back as shown in Fig. 1. Unit AT 8. To remove the attenuator, carefully disconnect the two semi-rigid coaxial cables, remove the control knob end nut holding the unit to the panel; remove the bracket screw then lift the unit from the chassis. Unit AS 9. To remove this screened unit, first take out the four screws retaining the RF OUTPUT socket SKH and then disconnect plug PLJ. Remove the three retaining screws from the side of the instrument and lift out the unit. Chap. 5 Page 4 Jan. 801H 52016-910C PERFORMANCE CHECKS 10. Many of the methods in this section are simplified and of restricted range compared with those which would be needed to demonstrate complete compliance with the specification. ‘They should be regarded only as providing a check procedure, for use during routine maintenance, to determine whether adjustment or repair is necessary. Any figures given are for guidance only and should not be taken as guaranteed performance figures unless they are quoted in the Performance Data in Chap. 1. Note... If the results quoted in the following sections are not obtainable, refer to the related section in Chap. 5. ‘est equipment 11. The test equipment required for maintenance and repair of the instrument is listed in Table 1. Note ... When making tests to verify that the instrument meets the stated performance limits, allowance must always be made for the uncertainty of the test equipment used. TABLE 1 TEST EQUIPMENT Item Description Recommended model (Marconi Instruments unless otherwise stated) a 200 MHz counter 2A31A, b Variable voltage transformer Variae | e 'N! type 50 @ load TM 7967 a Digital voltmeter, up to 50 V with resolution of 1 in 103 e 100 MHz oscilloscope f Wave analyser TF 23308, fs RF millivoltmeter ‘TF 2603 h 'T' connector TM 7948 i Distortion factor meter TF 25314, J AM/FM modulation meter ‘TF 2300B k AF oscillator ‘TF 2000 1 Psophometer Hatfield Instruments MBC 1000 with A4/1000 filter m RF detector TM 9650 n Spectrum analyser TF 2370 with Extender | Unit TK 2373 ° Multimeter GEC Selectest Pp Video oscillator, 1 MHz at 6.5 V Krohn-Hite 4200 Chap. Jan. 80 Page 5Hf 52016-9100 Power supply : A6 ‘Test equipment : items b,d,f. 12, The power supply output lines are checked as follows :~ (2) With TF 2016A connected to the a.c. supply and switched on, connect the digital voltmeter between tag 28 (positive) and tag 23 (negative) and check that the meter indicates 20 V +100 mV, If necessary, adjust R39 to obtain this requirement. @) Connect the digital voltmeter between tag 24 (positive) and tag 27 (negative) and check that the meter indicates 21 V 4100 mY when the instrument is at normal room temper- ature, i.e. not yet warmed up. If necessary, select values for R49 and R160 to obtain this requirement. (3) Apply the a.c. input through a variable voltage transformer and check, using the digital voltmeter, that with inputs to the power supply of between 190 and 264 V the voltage between tag 24 and tag 27 is maintained to within #2 mV of that obtained in 2). (4) Disconnect the digital voltmeter and with the a.c. input at 230 V connect the wave analyser set for battery operation, in turn to the 20 V and 21 V outputs. The 100 Hz ripple should not be greater than 250 xV r.m.s. and 2 1Vr.m,s, at the respective outputs. (6) Disconnect the a.c. supply and connect a 23 V d.e. supply to the battery terminals ‘and check that the 21 V output at tag 24 is within #400 mV. (6) Disconnect the d.c. supply and re-connect TF 2016A directly to the a.c. supply. Frequency calibration : AL ‘Test equipment : items a,b. 13, The following procedure describes how to check and readjust the carrier frequency scale calibration. (1) Set the FUNCTION selector at CW and CARRIER switch at ON then ensure that the pointer of the MOD/CARRIER meter is within the white box. 2) Connect the counter to the RF CUTPUT socket on the front panel. Set the CARRIER RANGE selector in turn to ranges 1 to 12 and check, using the TUNE, FINE TUNE and EXTRA FINE TUNE controls, that the scale calibrations at three points on each range, i.e. low and high frequency ends and at a centre frequency, are within +2% of counter indication. (8) Hnecessary, for ranges 1 to 9 inclusive, adjust the appropriate tuning coil core for low frequency correction and the appropriate trimming capacitor for high frequency correction. Since the coil and trimmer capacitor are interdependent ensure that after the second adjustment the first adjustment remains correct. (4) For ranges 10 to 12, range 12 should be adjusted first. Coarse adjustment is carried out by repositioning the wire loop (three alternative positions are shown illustrated in Chap. 7, Fig. 8) or if necessary by altering the length of loop. Fine adjustment is carried out by means of a small coil former inside the printed coil L12 and its associated trimming capacitor; then adjust range 11, and then range 10. This is because the coils for ranges 10 to 12 are connectedin series. Note « Coil former replacements are supplied with four fixing pins attached to the base. These should be removed and the new former affixed instead to the printed circuit board using a suitable adhesive. chap. 5 Page 6 Dec. 80 (Am. 1)H 52016-9100 RF output (normal) ‘Test equipment : items g,h 14. The following procedure verifies the action of the a.l.c. at the normal maximum c.w. output. (1) With the FUNCTION selector and CARRIER switch set as in para. 13 (1) connect the millivoltmeter to the output of TF 2016A. (2) Set the RF OUTPUT controls to maximum positions; that is, the COARSE output control fully clockwise (600 mV, ~2 V position) and the FINE output control on the 2 V mark. (3) Verify that the pointer of the MOD/CARRISR LEVEL meter is within the white box. Using the TUNE control to step through each frequency range, verify that the output level is held at 2 Ve.m.f. (1 Vp.d.) 40,25 dB (¢ voltmeter response) up to 120 MHz. (4) Ensure that when making each cheek the pointer of the MOD/CARRIER meter remains within the white box. RF output (+6 dB) Test equipment : items g,h 15. The following procedure checks the action of the +6 dB switch. (1) With the FUNCTION selector, CARRIER switch, RF OUTPUT controls, set as in para. 14, and with the millivoltmeter connected to the RF OUTPUT SOCKET, set the frequency of TF 2016A at 1 MHz. (2) Note the indicated output then set the CARRIER switch at +6 dB and check that the output level has been increased by +8 dB +0.5 dB, (3) Repeat the check with TF 2016A tuned to 120 MHz and check that with the CARRIER switch at +6 dB the output level has been increased by 6 dB 10.5 dB. vswR Test equipment : items ¢, g, h 16. The following procedure can be used to check the v.8.w.r. at any frequency from 10 kHz to 120 MHz. (@) With the TF 2016A controls set as in para. 14, with 10 dB or more in the coarse attenuator, connect the voltmeter to the RF OUTPUT of TF 2016A using the T connector and note the indicated output level. (2) Connect the 50 @ load to the T connector and again note the indicated output level. (8) Compute the impedance Z using the following formula : 50E 2-5 = 50 where E = the open circuit output level and V = the output across the 50 © load. From the above, ves.wire ‘The v.s.w.r. should be better than 1.2:1 Chap. Jan, 80 Page 71H 52016-9L0C Modulation oscillator performance ‘Test equipment : items a, 17. Totest the frequency, distortion and output of the modulation oscillator proceed as follows =~ (1) Set the FUNCTION selector at INT MOD and the CARRIER switch at OFF. {@) Connect the counter to the INT MOD OUT socket (rear of instrument) and check that the indicated frequency, selected by the MOD FREQUENCY switch, is between (1) 900 Hz and 110 Hz (for 1 kHz) or (ii) 360 Hz and 440 Ha (for 400 H2)- (8) Disconnect the counter and connect the distortion factor meter (¢.f-m.) to the INT MOD OUT socket. The measured distortion should not be greater than 0.25%. (4) Set the d.f.m. to measure voltage and check that the measured voltage approximates 1.3 V r.m.s, into a high resistance load. EM deviation ‘Test equipment : item J. 18, ‘To check and readjust the deviation accuracy proceed as follows :~ (1) _ Set the FUNCTION switch at INT FM, the CARRIER switch at ON and the MOD switch at ON. Set the frequency of TF 2016A at 20 MHz and then adjust the SET MOD control to centre the pointer of the MOD/CARRIER meter. @) Connect the modulation meter tuned to 20 Milz to the RF OUTPUT on TF 20164. (@) Set the DEVIATION controls at x3 and 25 kHz respectively. The measured deviation should be within #15% of 75 kiiz. If necessary, adjust SET MOD to obtain this requirement and then reset ASR2 to centre the pointer of the meter. Note «++ If this adjustment is made the a.m. should be checked. (4) Set the DEVIATION multiplier at x1. The measured deviation should now be within +15% of 25 KHz, If necessary, adjust ASR43 to obtain this requirement. (6) Set the DEVIATION multiplier at + 5. The measured deviation should now be within +15% of 5 kHz. If necessary, adjust ASR46 to obtain this requirement. FM tracking ‘Test equipment : item J. 19, To check the f.m. tracking proceed as follows (1) Connect the modulation meter to the RF OUTPUT of TF 20168, (2) Set the FUNCTION selector at INT FM, the CARRIER switch at ON and the MOD swith at ON. (@) Adjust the SET MOD control to centre the pointer of the MOD/CARRIER meter. ‘Then set the DEVIATION multiplier at x3 and the deviation control at 25 kHz. (4) Set the CARRIER RANGE selector at 10 - 23 Milz and check that at frequencies 10, 17 and 23 MHz the measured deviation is 75 kHz +15%. Chap. 5 Page 8 Jan. 80AM depth 1H 52016-910C Test equipment : item } or e. 20. To check and readjust the a.m. depth accuracy, proceed as follows : a @) 8) a 6) Note Set the FUNCTION selector at INT AM, set the CARRIER switch at ON and the MOD switch at ON. Set the frequency of TF 2016A at 20 MHz then adjust the SET MOD control to centre the pointer of the MOD/CARRIER meter. Set the AM DEPTH control at 80%. Connect the modulation meter to the RF OUTPUT on TF 2016A. Set the RF OUTPUT controls to provide a suitable input to the modulation meter then tune the modulation meter to TF 2016A.. Check that the measured a.m. depth (average of peak and trough readings) is between 76% and 84%. Repeat with the AM DEPTH control at 30% and check that the measured a.m. depth is between 26.5% and 33.5%. If necessary, adjust ASR19 to obtain the best results for both 80% and 30% depths. If a modulation meter is not available the a.m. depth can be assessed by using the oscilloscope to measure the peak and trough values of the modulation envelope. ‘The a.m. depth is then determined by Vp- vt AM depth pth be at x 100 where Vp and Vt are the measured peak-to-peak and trough-to-trough amplitudes respectively. ALC system 21, Correct operation of the a.1.c. system can be quickly proved as follows :~ 0) @ 8) Set the FUNCTION selector at CW and the CARRIER switch at ON. Then check that the pointer of the MOD/CARRIER meter is within the white box. Switch to each CARRIER RANGE in turn and use the TUNE control to check that over each frequency range the pointer of the MOD/CARRIER meter remains within the white box. Repeat with output set to the low end of the fine attenuator and then in the 46 dB position with the fine attenuator at maximum (with a 50 @ load). Counter output level ‘Test equipment : items g, h. 22, To check the counter output level proceed as follows :~ a @ Jan. 80 Set the FUNCTION selector at CW and the CARRIER switch at ON. Connect the voltmeter with 50 © 'T" piece to COUNTER OUT socket (rear of instrument) then check that with TF 2016A tuned to 120 MHz the output level is not less than 50 mV p.d. Chap. 5 Page 8Hf 52016-9100 External modulation sensitivity ‘Test equipment : item k. 23, ‘To check the external modulation input level required proceed as follows :~ (1) Set the FUNCTION selector at EXT AM, the CARRIER switch at ON and the ‘MOD switch at ON. (2) Using the external a.f. generator connected to the EXT MOD IN socket (rear of instrument) check that, with an input signal of less than 1.5 V rom.s. at frequencies of 30 Hz, 1.5 kHz, 10 kHz and 50 kifz, the pointer of the MOD/ CARRIER meter can be centred. (3) Repeat the above with FUNCTION selector at EXT FM. Note s+ ‘The TF 2016A meter can be overloaded if the applied a.f. input exceeds 10 V. o——-ll| (5 ©) ° S oofmoe “| |Li00 ©, © 2 2 eSSH | toHfZ 00 08 ee Fig. 3 Checking fm, and a.m, distortion. AM distortion ‘Test equipment : items i, }. 24, To check the internal and external a.m. distortion proceed as follow: (1) Connect the test equipment as shown in Fig. 3. (2) Set the FUNCTION selector at CW, the CARRIER switch at ON, the MOD switch at ON and the frequency of TF 2016A at 30 MHz. Then check that the pointer of the MOD/CARRIER meter is within the white box. (3) Set the FUNCTION selector at INT AM. Then adjust the SET MOD control to centre the pointer of the MOD/CARRIER meter. (4) Set the AM DEPTH control at 30%. ‘Then tune the modulation meter to ‘TF 2016A and check that the distortion indicated on the distortion factor meter is not greater than 1.5%. (6) If required, repeat the check using the external a.f. generator for modulation frequencies at 100 Hz and 10 Kitz. EM distortion ‘Test equipment : items 1, J. 25, To check the internal and external f.m. distortion proceed as follows (1) With the test equipment connected as in Fig. 3 repeat para. 24 (2). Then Chap. 5 Page 10 Jan. 80H 52016-9100 set the FUNCTION selector at INT FM and the SET MOD control to centre the pointer of the MOD/CARRIER meter. (2) Set the DEVIATION multiplier at x1 and the DEVIATION control at 25 kHz. (8) Engure that the modulation meter is tuned to TF 2016A, Then check that the distortion indicated on the distortion factor meter is not greater than 2%. (4) If desired, repeat the check using the external a.f. generator for modulation frequencies at 100 Hz and 20 kHz. ‘owe one PSOENOMETER = Fig. 4 Checking spurious fm. on c.w. Spurious {.m. on c.w. ‘Test equipment : items J, 1. 26. To check the unwanted f.m. deviation on a c.w. output proceed as follows :~ (@) Connect the test equipment as in Fig. 4. (2) Set the FUNCTION selector at CW, the CARRIER switch at ON and the MOD switch at ON. Then tune TF 2016A to 120 MHz and ensure that the pointer of the MOD/CARRIER meter is within the white box. (8) Set the FUNCTION selector at INT FM. Then adjust the SET MOD control to centre the pointer of the MOD/CARRIER meter. (4) Set the DEVIATION multiplier at x1 and the DEVIATION control at 20 Kitz. (5) Set the psophometer controls as follows : INPUT SELECTOR : Terminated WEIGHTING FILTER NO.1 (telephone) ATTENUATOR =: 0dB (6) Tune the modulation meter to TF 2016A. Then set the ADJUST CALIBRATION control on the psophometer for a meter indication of 0 4B. (7) Set the FUNCTION selector at CW. Then adjust the psophometer attenuator to restore the meter pointer at 0 dB, and check that the change is greater than 60 dB (deviation less than 20 Hz). Spurious a.m. on ¢.w. Test equipment : items m, 1. 27, To check the depth of unwanted a.m, on a c.w. output proceed as follows :~ (1) Connect the test equipment as shown in Fig. 5. Then with the FUNCTION selector at CW, the CARRIER switch at ON, the MOD switch at ON and TF 2016A tuned to 100 MHz check that the pointer of the MOD/CARRIER meter is within the white box. Chap. 5 Jan. 80 Page 11H 52016-9100 (2) Set the FUNCTION selector at INT AM. Then adjust the SET MOD control to centre the pointer of the MOD/CARRIER meter. oom Sa Gene en cece Fig. 5 Checking spurious a.m. on ¢.W. (8) Set the AM DEPTH control at 30% and the TF 2016A output at maximum. (4) Set the psophometer controls as follows :~ INPUT SELECTOR : THRO WEIGHTING : FILTER NO. 1 (telephone) VOLTAGE/dBm RANGE : to suit detector output (5) Switch the psophometer to INTERNAL SUPPLY. Then adjust the VOLTAGE/dBm RANGE switch and the ADJUST CALIBRATION control for a convenient indication on the meter. Note the setting of the VOLTAGE /dBm RANGE switch and the meter indication. (6) Set the TF 2016A FUNCTION selector at CW. Then increase the VOLTAGE/dBm RANGE switch on psophometer by 50B. The meter should indicate a level which fs at least 56 dB less than that noted in (5). Carrier harmonies Test equipment : item n. 28. To check the level of harmonies of the carrier frequency in a c.w. output proceed as follows (1) Connect the RF OUTPUT of TF 2016A to the r-f. input of the spectrum analyser. (2) Set the FUNCTION selector at CW, the CARRIER switch at ON and the RF OUTPUT. controls to maximum indication, ‘Then ensure that the pointer of the MOD/ CARRIER meter is within the white box. (3) Tune TF 2016A through each r.f. range and check that the amplitude of any harmonic is greater than 26 dB down on the fundamental. Coarse r.f, output control ‘Test equipment : item f, or g and h, orn. 29, Provided the protection level given by the reverse power protection unit is not exceeded, it should not be possible to damage the attenuator resistors by accidental misuse of the TF 2016A, The attenuator microswiteh action may be checked in the following manner. (1) With the SUPPLY switch at ON, and the CARRIER switch at ON, connect the millivoltmeter (or alternative) to the RF OUTPUT socket. Chap. 5 Page 12, Jan, 80H 52016-9100 (2) Position the COARSE control in turn to each dB setting and check that, within the range of the test equipment, attenuation at each setting changes by 10 dB. Fine r.f. output control Test equipment : item g. 30, To check the accuracy of the fine r.f. output control proceed as follows (1) Connect the voltmeter to the RF OUTPUT socket. @) Set the SUPPLY switch at ON, the FUNCTION selection at CW and the CARRIER switch at ON. Tune TF 2016A to 100 MHz and check that the pointer of the MOD/CARRIER meter is within the white box. (8) Set the COARSE control at maximum and the FINE control at 2 V; then note the reading obtained on the voltmeter. (4) Repeat check (3) with the FINE control in turn at 1.7 V, 1.4 V, 1 V, 800 mV, 600 mV. Voltmeter readings should be within 49% of fine attenuator settings + voltmeter error). Reverse power protection ‘Test equipment : Items g and p. 31, To check the operation of the trip circuit under d.c. conditions proceed as follows (2) Set the coarse attenuator fully clockwise. Set SUPPLY switch to ON. Connect a 1 uF (or larger value) capacitor across the IF PROBE socket on the back panel (tve pin is off centre). (2) Connect the +20 V terminal of the i.f. probe socket on the back panel to the centre pin of the RF OUTPUT connector on the front panel. Although this socket is a.c. coupled, the transient produced will confirm the operation of the reverse power pro- tection unit. The exact sensitivity may be confirmed if required by using the r.! millivoltmeter and high level video oscillator at 1 Miz applied to the RF OUTPUT socket, (factory set to 6.4 V r.m.s.). FAULT LOCATION 32, Some aid to fault finding is provided by the typical d.c. voltage and signal levels given in Tables 1 and 2 and by the fault tables included in each of the following sections. The tables are not extensive but are intended as a pointer to further investigation. It is to be emphasized that each fault table should be studied having regard for the others since Incorrect operation of a circuit may be caused by malfunction of an associated circuit. DC voltages Test equipment : item 0. 33. Voltages given on the circuit diagrams are indicative of those which can be expected using 2.20 k&/V meter on a typical TF 2016A connected to an a.c. supply of 240 V, 50 Hz. 34. Unless stated otherwise the voltages were measured with the controls of TF 2016A posi- tioned as follows := CARRIER FREQUENCY : 10 MHz on range 9 or 10 as appropriate CARRIER switch on FUNCTION selector INT AM RF OUTPUT controls: 600 mV ~ 2 V (coarse) and 20 (fine) Chap. 5 Dee. 80 (Am. 1) Page 13H 52016-9106 35. Before making measurements ensure that serews on Unit A1/A2 are tight. RE signal levels Test equipment : item g- 36. The r-f, signal levels listed in Table 2 are indicative of those which can be expected using the specified meter on a typical TF 2016A. Unless otherwise stated, measurements were made with the TF 2018A controls set as follows = FUNCTION selector: INT AM AM DEPTH control: 0% RF OUTPUT controls : 60-200 mV (coarse) and 20 (fine) CARRIER switch 2 ON ‘and with the earth probe of the voltmeter connected to a position on the earth track on the printed board close to the test point. These figures are given as a guide to relative stage gains; actual levels may vary by 25% at some intermediate stages but the levels at TR10 emitter should always be close to the specified value. ‘TABLE 2 RF SIGNAL LEVELS Ton pomt | Carrier frequency +1. Mz | Carrier frequency + 120 Nz (on A3) | + Pint samy 29mv TRle Timv ‘amv ° 73 mv smv rer pints 8.0 mV 33 mv Te 2 mv 3smV TRS stmv 26 mV RF OUTPUT qwith 50 0 oad) | _ RP OUTPUT gwith 60 & load) av Tay ave ay Tre cmv | smv amv | 40mv TRE tomy | 5omV dsmv | 100mv TRIe 460 eo v 2osmv | 440 TRSe a3V mov dasmy | 510¥ eTR9 6 DAV 12v Lesv | 37Vv 7 Samy | s'mv 2eomv | 596'mV ernio e pasy. | 42¥ Dav ret siemv | 8.0m¥ Ditmv m2 semv | s0mV amv 13 mv | f8mv Dim | 1p 450 905 mv 160 mv With CARRIER switch at +6 dB * Measurements using 100:1 Adapter TM 7947 on TF 2603, AF signal levels ‘Test equipment : item c. 37. ‘The af. signal levels listed in Table 3 are indicative of those which can be expected on Chap. 5 Page 14 Jan, 80H 52016-910C atypical TF 2016A. Unless stated otherwise, measurements were made with TF 2016A set as follows :~ CARRIER RANGE =: 10 TUNE 10 MHz CARRIER switch on FUNCTION selector INT AM ‘AM DEPTH control 0% TABLE 3 AF SIGNAL LEVELS Test point ‘Reading Control settings AG pin 8 14V-1.8V AS pin 2 1.1 - 1.15 V CARRIER & MOD METER centred AS pin 15 810 mV, AM DEPTH : 80% AS pin 23 1v CARRIER RANGE : 7 AS TRS e 4.95 V FUNCTION : INT FM 3.2 ‘TUNE to max. DEVIATION kifz : 25 x 3 AS pin 41 10 mV TUNE to Power supply Circuit diagram : Chap. 7, Fig. 2 (A6) 38, Typical power supply fault conditions are listed in Table 4. TABLE 4 POWER SUPPLY FAULTS Fault Probable cause Fuse FS1 blows when instrument is Check for short circuit in a.c. input wiring. switched on. Check reservoir capacitors AOC60 or C61 for short or partial short circuit. No 20 V output. Instrument short circuit supply protection operative - allow instrument to recover (see Chap. 4, para. 49). Check AOTRI for open circuit. Check A0C60, C61 or A6C23 for short or partial short efreuit. No 21 V output. Power supply may be tripped (short circuit, or overload). Check for short circuit on 21 Viline. AGTR9 may be open circuit. 20 V line cannot be set to +100 mV. Check TRI1 or TR12. Check resistors for value or continuity. Check A6C25 or C26 for short or partial short cireuit. Check A6IC1 and D17 for faults. 21 V line is not correct to +100 mV. Check TR10, TR13 or TRIS. Check resistors, especially R44, R49 or R50. ‘Thermistor AOR36 may be short circuit. 100 Hz ripple on the 20 V supply is AOC61, AGC24 or C25_may be open circuit greater than 250 #V r.m.s. or low capacitance. D9 - Diz faulty. ‘TRI or TR12 may be faulty. Chap. 5 Jan. 80 Page 15H 52016-910C TABLE 4 POWER SUPPLY FAULTS (continued) Fault Probable cause 100 Hz ripple on 21 V supply is ‘A0C6O may be open circuit or low greater than 2 pV r.m.s. capacitance, similarly A6C29. TRI or TRIS may be faulty. Frequency calibration Circuit diagram : Chap. 7, Fig. 4 (Al & A2) 39, ‘Typical frequency calibration fault conditions are listed in Table 5. TABLE 5 FREQUENCY CALIBRATION FAULTS" Fault Probable cause Calibrations incorrect all ranges. _—_Incorrect d.c. voltage at AS pin 41. Check d.c. path to switch SG. Inability to set scale calibrations Incorrect d.c, voltage to ALR14 (ranges 1 on either ranges 1 to 9 or 10to 12. _to 9) or R44 (ranges 10 to 12). Check output A5 pin 41, D2/3 or Dit faulty. *See CAUTION on p.2, para. 4, of this chapter. RF output Circuit diagram : Chap. 7, Fig. 2 (AS) and Fig. 6 (A3). 40. Typical r-£. output fault conditions are listed in Table 6. TABLE 6 RF OUTPUT FAULTS* Fault Probable cause Low counter output Low r.f. oscillator level. Meter pointer not within white box Incorrect d.c. outputs AS pins 14 or 15. on c.w. Check circuit ASTR3. Faulty resistor or diode in circuit ASR10 to R16, Dé or DS. Incorrect operation of circuit AtR1 to RT and TRI and TR2. Fault in amplifier levelling stages TRS and TRI2. D2 or D3 faulty. Fault in second a.1.c. loop. Check A4ICL and 1C2. No output but meter within white Suspect attenuator or reverse power pro- box on c.w. tection unit ~ see Table 11. +6 4B output not obtainable Faulty carrier switch SB. Faulty diode ASD6 or R25. Recheck operation of circuit AdIC1 and IC2 for increased d.c. level to amplifier levelling stages. ASTRS or 12 faulty. *See CAUTION on p. 2, para. 4, of this chapter. Chap. 5 Page 16 Jan. 80H 52016-910C vswR 41. Check that ASR84 is 50 S 41% and recheck A7 as given in Chap. 5, para. 29. Modulation oscillator Circuit diagram : Chap. 7, Fig. 2 (A6) 42, Typical modulation oscillator faults are listed in Table 7. TABLE 7 MODULATION OSCILLATOR FAULTS Faul Probable ease ] No output oF incorrect autput. ‘No 20 Vat pin 7 check witch SAL. TRL or TRE faulty. Frequency Incorrect. RL, R2, RO, C2, C3, C¥or C11 may be faulty : check values. Faulty switch SH. Distortion greater than 0.25%. Faulty transistor TR3. Check C13. Amplitude modulation Circuit diagram : Chap. 7, Figs. 2 & 6 (AS & A3) 43. Typical amplitude modulation faults are listed in Table 8. TABLE 8 AMPLITUDE MODULATION FAULTS Fault Probable cause Inability to set meter pointer at AORS faulty. centre of white box by adjusting Fault in monitor cireuit ASTR1. SET MOD control. Inability to obtain required modu- Fault in a.m. circuit ASTR2. lation depth. Incorrect operation of modulator. Check a.f. path from SET MOD control to modulator. Envelope distortion. Fault in modulation oscillator. Fault in ASTR2 circuit. ASICI (R18) maladjusted. Fault in amplifier output stage ASTRS to TRI. Frequency modulation. Circuit diagram : Chap. 7, Fig. 2 (A5) 44, Typical frequency modulation faults are listed in Table 9. Chap. 5 Jan, 80 Page 171H 52016-910C TABLE 9 FREQUENCY MODULATION FAULTS” Fault Probable cause Check a.f. path from SET MOD control to TRY. Incorrect operation of ASTRI to TRLO. Switch SG or switch SD faulty. No frequency modulation. Faulty resistor AORG to R11 or ASRS6 to R62. Incorrect operation of ASTR6 to TRIO or modulation oscillator or r.f. oscillator. Incorrect deviation. FM distortion. *See CAUTION on p.2, para. 4, of this chapter. ALC system Circuit diagrams : Chap. 7, Figs. 2 & 6 (AS, A¢ & Ad) 45, Typical a.l.c. faults are listed in Table 10. TABLE 10 ALC FAULTS Fault Probable cause Meter pointer at zero or full-scale Fault in rf. signal path. Check outputs ~ all ranges. from circuits on Ad and A3, Fault in cireuit AIC] and [C2 : check outputs. Check diodes ASD2 and D3. = On one range only. No input to Ad pin 1 : suspect appro- priate oscillator range switching circuit. Reverse power protection Circuit diagram : Chap. 7, Fig. 8 48. ‘Typical reverse power protection faults are listed in Table 11. TABLE 11 REVERSE POWER PROTECTION FAULTS Fault Probable cause Relay ASRLA sticking open. No r.f, output. RESET switch or control circuit faulty. Carrier harmonies Circuit diagram : Chap. 7, Fig. 6 (AS & Ad) 47, If harmonies are too high on all ranges, suspect incorrect operation of first a.1.c. loop ‘causing high oscillator outputs to overload amplifier or modulator not set up correctly. For Chap. 5 Page 18, Jan. 80HH 52016-910C amplifier distortion check circuits ASTR2 to TR4, TR6 to TRI. Spurious modulation 48, If spurious f.m. or a.m, are too high check for excess ripple on 21 V or 20 Vd.c. supplies. If noise on the tuning line is suspected try decoupling with a 100 UF capacitor. Cheek for oscillator faults by measuring the d.c. and rf. operating voltages on Al. CLEANING ROTARY SWITCHES 49. If it is necessary to clean the contacts of any rotary switches, this should be done with benzine or white spirit (not carbon tetrachloride) and the contacts should afterwards be wiped with a suitable lubricant such as a 1% solution of petroleum Jelly in white spirit. Avoid lubri- cants containing soap or solid materials. REPLACING TUNING DRIVE CORD 50, The procedure for fitting a new drive cord is given below. A drive cord consists of 1 metre of nylon cord (Part no. 16410-G04V), A new tension spring (Part no. 31119-017X) may also be required. (1) Remove the case from the instrument and remove the attenuator unit (see Chap. 5 para. 8) and the reverse power protection unit. (2) Remove the scale plates for the three highest frequency ranges. (8) Set the RANGE switch to the 22 - 48 kilz position. () Stand the instrument upside-down on the bench. (6) Referring to Fig. 6, slacken the grub screws and unscrew the nut to pull aside RSs. Fig. 6 Replacing drive cord. With the TUNE control three steps away from the fully counterclockwise position, slacken one of the grub screws in the cord-drum boss. Turn the TUNE control fully clockwise and slacken the other grub screw. Remove the TUNE and EXTRA FINE TUNE knobs. Unscrew the nut and pull away the switch assembly SG from the drum. Chap. 5 Jan. 80 Page 196) o 6) rc) H 52016-910C ‘Remove the drum and attach the drive cord as shown in Fig. 6, temporarily holding it in place with adhesive tape. Seal the cord knots with bakelite varnish. Replace the drum and completely refit the switch 8G and R33 assemblies. Fit the loop of cord around the three pulleys. Check that the cord spring is under tension. If the cord has been properly dimensioned, the expanded length of the spring will be about 12 mm (j inch). Refit the knobs. Attach the pointer to the drive cord and adjust its position so that it reaches (or just passes) the calibration marks on the 53 MHz to 120 Miz range (range 12). (@) At 59 MHz with both TUNE and FINE TUNE controls fully counter- clockwise. (>) At 120 MHz with both TUNE and FINE TUNE controls fully clockwise. (10) Refit scale plates, attenuator unit, reverse power protection unit and case. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 51. If further information is required please write or telephone Marconi Instruments Limited, Service Division ~ see address on back cover ~ or contact nearest representative, quoting the type and serial number on the data plate on rear of instrument. If the instrument is being returned for repair please indicate clearly the nature of the fault or the work you require to be done. Chap. 5 Page 20 Jan. 8052016-9100 Chapter 6 REPLACEABLE PARTS CONTENTS Para. 1 Introduction Abbreviations ‘Component values Ordering ‘Components Unit AO : Overall assembly Unit Al : RF oscillator board 9 Unit A2: RF relay board 10 Unit A3: RF amplifier board 11 Unit Ad : ALC board 12 Unit AS : AM/FM driver board 13 Unit A6 : Power supply and modulation oscillator board 14 Unit A7 : Coarse attenuator 15 Unit A8 : Reverse power protection unit 16 Mechanical parts Fig. Page 1 TF 2016A - Mechanical parts eee ce ae 23/24 INTRODUCTION 1, Each sub-assembly or printed circuit board in this instrument has been allocated a unit identification, e.g. AO, Al, A2 etc. 2. The complete component reference carries its unit number as a prefix e.g. AOC3 (capaci tor C3 on the main chassis assembly) but for convenience in the text and on circuit diagrams the prefix is not used. However, when ordering replacements or in correspondence the com- plete component reference must be quoted. ABBREVIATIONS 3. ‘The components are listed in alphanumerical order of the complete circuit reference and the following abbreviations are used : c capacitor Carb : carbon Cer +: ceramic D semiconductor diode Elec : electrolytic FS: fuse IC: integrated circuit (package) L = induetor Chap. 6 Jan, 80 Page 1Hi 52016-9100 Max : maximum ME : meter Met : metal Mic + mica Min: minimum Ox: oxide Plo: plug Plas : plastic R: resistor S + switch SK = socket T : transformer ‘Tant : tantalum TP + terminal TR + transistor Var : variable W: watts at 70°C WW : wirewound + + values selected during test; nominal value listed COMPONENT VALUES 4. One or more of the components fitted in this instrument may differ from those listed in this chapter for any of the following reasons : (a) Components indicated by a + have their values selected during test to achieve particular performance limits. () Owing to supply difficulties, components of different value or type may be sub- stituted provided the overall performance of the instrument Is maintained, {e) As part of a policy of continuous development, components may be changed in value or type to obtain detail improvements in performance, 5. When there is a difference between the component fitted and the one listed, always use as ‘a replacement the same type and value as found in the instrument. ORDERING 6. When ordering replacements, address the order to our Service Division (address on rear cover), or nearest agent and specify the following for each component required (@) Type and serial number of instrument. @) Complete circuit reference. (8) Description. (4) Part number. As given on the serial number label at the rear of the instrument; if this is superseded by a model number label, quote the model number instead of the type number. Chap. 6 Page 2 Jan, 80¢ ofea og “ur 9 avy aets-str92 ASZ GoOTH0c- aooT oa 6FD._—Srzea~euE9e ‘Aove GoB+0z~ adoos 229 ¢z0 wseL-eus0 Aoos osv0z~ att00"°0309 8D tzeueue0e ‘Ao0e Hos+0z~ adoos 229 zD siseu-eue9e ‘A0DE GoRroz= aMt09-0499 44D gaeu-sus97 ‘A00E %08+0z- adoos 105 120 uoss-see92 ‘Ae9 GOT dre00°0 0D 9FOacu-cucge ‘Aooe Hosv0z~ 4008 299 0D woss-seeee ‘Ae9 GOT A600 sO ae-euE9e ‘Ao0e Yosvoz~ aos 129 «GID. siseu-eue9e A008 GOB+0z- 100° 320 Fog prgog ee ey oss-see9% ‘Ago %or avfesoo'o 390 gx NECLTeANET ei 15 weeL-exc0e Aoos bosv0z- ant00"0 109 ck OTTER HOE Ratna oes Geo sez-cue9e ‘Aooe G08+0z~ ant00"0 109 ty (HECUTELEOR Meine no a612~9879% ‘ASE GOR ate"paUEL oF] ONE ORTOZ per peapiegns ebb aor2-98192 ASE {oz anu*s qe, 660 seL-euce Ao0e a8+0z~ arft00"0409 810 HeEL-e1e02 Aooe oRvz~ wtto9"0 10D ggg ETE ‘Ao0e Goe-0z- Art100°0 DID ader2-98492 ASG hoz me" wes, yep "ERNEST fegeaee HeeL-e1e92 AoE oBr0z- a100"0 x29 vey_«LONE “OBOE a eae aS woeu-eue9 A00E Boe+oe~ axT00°0.309 — seo_-—«—««(MEBL ELEM ein | ed aez-9879% Ase or ami“y wey ¥89 : ; a61z-08102 Ase Gor amy me, = 89 dote-20¥8% Ase Goa a-pawes ED sey -exe9g Ao0e GoR+02- 100049 19 sieeu-sue9 Adve WoR-Oe= aHtT00-0309 —aeo_«—«‘MEEUTELENZ pene as ates Ase wor diu“vawe TED agezeeeege Aove %or dos 40 $9 siseu-sue9 Ado Boeroz= aHT9070309 ogg «ABUT EEOZ ones woei-c1s92 AoE oR+0z- aMt00"0 109 Geo oy usin soussojox synoayo xyoad “Buyzopso wou *L aeve-sse9% ‘A008 %oR+0z~ arfL00°0 189 8z0 , woss-seese ‘AE9 BOT ‘At6600"0 109 22D OTERO MeeL-eLE9 AoOE os+0z- ar't00"0 129 92D eee weer-cuc9e ‘A00E YoR+0z~ arft00"0 209 PaO, acs eousaeyez ‘auoz9yoH " wor “ou aa yd ou area jondixosoa a ou ava uondizosoq ee 2016-91028 H(ety) eg cen + oava 9 racy asze-zb0e7 wroot eyouD TIT asce~20987 HrfooT x01 OTT 1907-98097 ‘A001 0% AMLEOT 0D OLD asze-a4987 wfoor eyoN OT nuee-2¥987 HUT oy0UD eT wL00-e8897 Ast G0s!sz- artgzo"o 199 «69D wuce-2b9e7 Hu ex049 LT 00-0889 ‘Ast Hosrsz- artezo‘o wD «890 asce~zb90% Hrbot youd OT wuL00-€8892 ‘ABT %os+sz~ arfzzo'0 7D 499 uB0F-9809% ‘A00T OZ artL90°0 399-90 asze-av9e7 Hrgot 7049 ST uLoo-n809% ABT H0S+Sz- artezo"0 19-99 asze-zb90e Hoot 04 YT aSze-Z59ET Broo xOUD ST uL00-0869% AST HOS+Sz- arfez0"0 TO «P90 nuce-cv9e7 HUT ey eT aL00-28897 ‘AST Gos+SZ~ artzgo"0 42D 69D Huee~Zb98% muy youd TT aeeo-e2092 ‘A008 08+02~ addons 169-290 9e0-9219% AOv%OSOT- Atoozz IS 19D o1r-918% 28a 20) 40p10H 08092592 ‘AOY YOSHOT= arfooot 961 090 XOG0-T1FE7 {a exp Boy ou yuro0s 20 Asso THE (i 0¢2) 301 own yuose es MeCL-ELE9a ‘Aooe Gos+0z- axT00°0 12D «63D 16.6 > 19.4V e 16.0 c 10.0 Junction D4/DS | 4. il) theo 19 The 2ov | : ae b “lov | : : e 24V [| ters 12.0 TRI 6 zov » Hes > 1.1V : : e 12.3V hae 19.2. 2.0 T™ 19.4Vv : ite > w.2V e 10.6 V TRO c nav b 22v e L65v AG DC Voltages Test point Reading ‘Test point Reading TRI oe 19.3 TRI2 ec a1.3V > “ov > 8.3V e 9.3 e B.2V Thee 20v Tis € av b 19.3. & ev e 9.5 5 ov Tm oc 20v TRU oc 23.70 b 2V > ev e nav e 5.3 Te oe 25 TRIS ¢ av > 24.4 V > ev e av e 5.3 TRIO e 2.4 v TRI8 ec 21.3 b 23.7 V > 20.6 V © av ¢ ov TRU oe sav TRIs ec 20.6 b 2.av > ov e 20.6 V ° ov AGpin 22 av 19 aa Sunetion D14/D17 23 *Measured with a high impedance voltmeter or using the 100 V of 20 k9/V meter. OC voltages 2 RS and AG (See Chap. 5 for conditions)__tentpoint__|_Resdine ‘TRS e 20V ® tea ¥ 3 ev me we.8V sv ° boy TRI c 12.0 V b 2.75 V ° nev ‘TRS c 19.2 V . nz ¥ ° nav me nay b 2.2V Oe Test plat Reading mae 7 b 8.8V 7 B2V ma 4 a & ov TRI 23.7 a 6Vv - 5.3V misc 7 ie 6V * 5.3V muss ay 7 20.6 V c ov mee a 2 ov ° ov aspin 22 a 9 33V Junetion D14/D17 2sv ee > gtunetor oF wang the 100 V ofa yates Itages : AS and AS sap. 5 for conditions) 31827-6868 VEEN TY svaz7-669 CEO Be 2, SS er BA aa pour Jp seo et EC ado. =| I Component layoutH 52016-9106 31827-668, 31827- 669 ep SAG VV A 38 59° ee, z i Poa > Component layout : AS and A6 Fig. 1 Jan. 80SZ 52016-910C Sht.1, Iss.13 Fig. 2 Power su Mar, 83 (Am.4)Power supply and modulation stages : A5 and A6Fig. 3 Chap. 7 Page 4 Al DC Voltages Test point Reading eat point Reading t Range 9 : 5.2 MHz Tae ov TRIS c ov » ce | > ny e 10.5 e ty T™ 10.5 Tae | see 5 weve | b | aly e 12.7V oe Te ov ms ¢ | 3.95¥ > Av | > 4145. e 12.7V e av ms 4 ay mT 4 av € 10.5V fy 8 13.3 8 | 2.3 TRI oc 2v TRIS ic | ina V (ewitched off) b ov bo ey e ov e 42Vv TRIS av (ewitched off) b ov | e ov | Tuning voltage pin 27 iv Rango 12 : 53 MHz m2 © ov Tuning voltage LV » 13.0 e 1.7V¥ TRIS e 13.1 > 18.0 e ty DC voltages : Al (See Chap. 5 for conditions)H 52016-910¢ 31827-6564 Detall of Lio, Lit & Liz Component layout : Al Fig. 3 Dec. 80 (Am. 1)$Z 52016-910C Sht.2, Iss. 21 ia Oseil oD Fed. 85 (Am. 6)Oscillators : Al and AZH s2016-910¢Fig. 5 chap. 7 Page 6 A3 DC Voltages Test point Reading ‘Test point Reading TRL sav TR? nv > 0.93 v b BTV ° oy ° s.0v Junction R9/R7 aay Tm 11.6 V Sunetion R8/RLO wiry > wiv Sanction R10 /R11 5.7V ° nay ICl pin3 | B.7V Tcl pin BV TRd 12.2. C1 pin? Ley > 33V Ich pin? Lev ° 2.78 V Th pint eev rel pints 0.0 TRIO © 1s. V TCL pins 1, 8 Liev > wiv Junction R23/R24 10.1V e nav TR. insy mn nav 5 30V b 2.78 ° a2 e nov TRI sv TR 6.0v : aay ree pint | ost = ‘a 8 37V Tm 16.8 3 BTV » 7s 4 Bry e eay 56] ov 7 tay | : oe ) ay 39] 11.6V 7 i‘ 10 5.7V As pin 5 8.0v TRE 16.9 > B.8 B.0v AA DC Voltages ‘Feat point Reading Test point Reading RF output 4 Ve.m.f. (CARRIER eek Te 18.5 Th pine 10.2 5 wry 3 wav ° iBav 6 nov Tc ov 1c? pin lov > wry 3 1ov ° Bay 8 13.9. RE output : 2 Ve.m.f. (CARRIER ON) Range 6 : 1 MHz er pin sv TRI e sv 3 ev 8 B.8V 12 pin2 lov 3 iv 8 Wsv DC voltages : A3 and A4 (See Chap. 5 for conditions)H 52016-910C weem-911 Component layout : A3 and AG Fig. 5 Feb. 85 (Am. 6)SZ 82016-910C Sht.3, Iss. 20 Fig. 6 Output st: Feb. 85 (Am. 6)Jes : A3, Ad and A7 H S2o16-910¢Fig. 7 Chap. 7 Page 8 A8 DC Voltages Test point Pin4 Function R3/R4 IC1 pin 2 pin 3 pin 8 pin 7 TRI ob TR2 b e »b Junction R11/R12 Pin 5 LED state Volts across RLA Relay state 0C voltages : Ag (See Chap. 5 for conditions)H 52016-9100 61-0288 Fig. 7 2 AB Component layout Jan.Fig. 7 Jan. 80 FE INPUT FROM SIG.GEN, sku [outeur SKK a Ys 41828 196% REVERSE POWER PROTECTION P.C.B. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 L SZ 44990-255x Sht.1, Iss.2 Fig. 8 Reve van, 80a InPUT FROM 516,626 sei louteut ae 44828 196K REVERSE POWER PROTECTION PCB, : iz \ a o ee i a resis H C2 + 9, 1) ame) an 4 1) [) TE ew PRED Sex 1 ag | | 2] ' ' ' ' | SZ 44990-255K Sht.1, Iss.2 Reverse Power protection unit : ABH 52016-910¢ ee ; el = +20V af | | | 1 | | switcH a TRIP 62 | 'inoicator mer protection unit : AB ae ap. 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