m

2
2

OPERATING AND SERVICE MANUAL

435
POWER METER

' [ " 41WF

HEWLETT
ChP~ PAC KA R D
 C ER TI F ICATIO N
Hewlett- P ac ka rd Comp a ny certifies th at this pro du ct met i ts published specifications
at the time of ship ment from the factory. Hewlett-Packard further ce rtifies that its
calibration measuremen ts are traceable to the Uni ted States Natio nal Bureau of
Sta ndards, to the exten t allowed by the Bureau's calibration fac ility, and to the
calibration facilities of othe r International Standards Organization members.

W ARR A N TY
Thi s Hewlett-Packard instrum ent product i s warranted against defects in material
a nd workm anship for period ofone y ear from date of s hipment. During the warranty
period, Hewlett-Packard Company will, at i ts option, either repair orreplace products
which prove to b e defective.

For warranty service or repair, this product must be r eturned to servi ce facility
designated by HP. Buyer s hall prepay s hippin g charges to HP and HP shall pay
s hippin g charges to return t he product to Buyer. However, Buy er shall pay all ship-
ping charges, duties, and taxes for products r eturn ed to HP from anoth er country.

HP warrants that i ts software and firmw a re design ated by HP for use with an
instrum ent will exec ute its progr a mming in structions when properly insta lled on that
instrum ent. HP does n ot warr a n t th at t h e operation of the instrum ent, or softwa re, or
firm war e will be uninterrup te d or error free.

L I M ITATIO N O F WARR AN TY
The foregoing warranty s hall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inade-
quate maintenance by Buyer, Buyer-supplied software or interfacing, unauthorized
modificat ion or misuse, operation outside of t he environmental s pecifi cati ons for t he
product, or improper site preparation or maintenance.

NO OTHER WARRANTY I S E XPRE SSED OR IMPLIED . HP S PE C IFI C ALLY

DISC LAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTIE S OF MERC HANTABILITY AND
FITNE SS F OR P ARTI C ULAR PURPOSE.

E XC LUSIVE REMEDI ES
THE REMEDIE S PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BU Y ER'S SO LE AND E XCLUSIVE
REMEDIE S. HP S HALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRE CT, INDIRE CT, SPE-
CIAL, INC IDENTAL, OR CO N S EQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER BASED
ON CONTRACT, T O RT, OR ANY O THER LE GAL THE ORY.

ASSISTA N CE
Product main tenance agr ee ments and other c usto mer assista nce agreements are
ava ilable for Hewlett-Packard products .

For a ny assista nce, contact your n earest Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service Office.
Addr esses are provided at the bac k of this ma nual.
 O PERATI NG AN D SERVIC E MANU AL

435
P OWER ME T ER
(Inclu d i n g Options 001, 002, 003, an d 004)

S ER IA L NUMBER S
This ma nu a l a ppli es dir ectly to in st rum en ts wit h
se ri a l number s prefixed 2342 and 2342U.

With ch an ges describ ed in Secti on VII, this man-

ual al so a ppli es to in st rum e n ts wi t h se ri a l num-
b e rs pr e fi x e d 2005 , 2041 U a nd 2238.

F or a dditi onal imp orta nt inform at ion abou t se rial

numb er s, see INSTRUMENTS COVERED BY
MANUAL in Secti o n .

HEWLETT
C ~ PAC K A R D
P

Co pyrig ht HEWLETT-PAC KA RD CO MPANY 1980, 1983

1501 PAGE M ILL ROAD, PA L O AL TO, CA LIF ORN IA, U.S .A.

OPERATING AND SERVIC E MANU AL PART NO . 00435-90040

Operating Manual Pa rt No . 00435-90041
Operating an d Service Microfic he Part No . 00435-90042 Pr inte d: FEBRU ARY 1984
Conte nts Mod e l 435

CO NTEN TS

P age P age
Section Section IV
G ENER AL I NF ORM ATIO N PERF O RM AN CE TE STS
.
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
In struments Covered by Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 Equipment R equired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 Test R eco rd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-1

Op tio n s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
P erformance Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4-1
L
. . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
B attery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-3
P ower Refer ence evel Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1

Input-O ut pu t Op tions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

Ze ro Carryov er Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-4

Cable Opt i o n s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

Instrume n tation Accur ac y Test Wit h Ca librator . . . 4-5
Ca libration Facto r Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accessories Supplied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3 . . 4-7

Equipmen t R equire d But ot Suppli ed N . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3 Section V

Equipme n t Av ailabl e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3 AD JU ST MEN TS
Recommended Test Equipm ent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . 5-1
Sa fety Consider ation s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Sa fety Con sid eration s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Equipm e n t Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... 5-1

Section F acto ry Selected Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

I NSTALL ATIO N Adjustment Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1

Power Reference Oscillator Level Adjustment . . . . . 5-3
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 Multivibrator Adjust ment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
Initi al Ins pecti o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-1
Power Meter Adjustments . with 50
Preparation For Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 Power Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. 5-8
Meter Z eroing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-1 Power Meter Adj ustments Wi th Calibr ator . . . . . . . 5-11
Range Switch Scal e Selecti on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
P ower Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2 Section V I
Line V o l tage Se l ection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2 REPL AC EABLE PAR TS
P ower Cable . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 2-2 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
In te rconnections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2 Abbrevi ations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Operating Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 2-2 Repl aceabl e Par ts List . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
B ench Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .2-3 F actory Se lecte d Parts (*) .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Rac k Moun ting . 2-3 Orderin g In st ructions . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
,Batte ry O peration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 2-3 P arts Provi sioning . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-1
Storage and Shipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . 2-4 Section VII
Packaging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .2-5 MA NU AL C HAN G ES
.
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
Manual Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
Section III Manual Change In structions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-1
O PERATIO N
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 Section VIII
P anel Featur es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 SERVIC E
Ope rator 's Checks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... .... ... 3-1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
Ope r at in g In stru cti o n s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 Sa fety Cons ide rat i o n s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
P ower Measurement A cc uracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 Se rvice Sh eets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
Sour ces of Error and Meas ure me n t O
Prin cipl es of per ati o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1
Un certai n ty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-1 Tr o ubl eshootin g . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-1
Correcti ons fo r E rror . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2 Recomm end ed Test Equipm ent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-3
Ca lculating W
orst Case Un cer ta in ty . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2 Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-3
Op er ator 's Maintenan ce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3 Ge neral Se rvice Inform at ion 8-3
. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . ..
Fu ses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3 Etched C ircuit B oa rd s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. 8-3
L amp Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3 Co mp onent Repl acement . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. 8-3
B atte ry Repl acement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3 Operational Amplifiers . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. 8-3
Model 435 Contents

S ERV IC E S HEE TS

1 Troubleshooting Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-8 4 /0 4 P ower Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-14

2 / 1 Switch Asse mbly and 5 3 Power Reference . .
/0 4 AC Ampl/Sync Detecto r . . . . . . . . . . . 8-10 Asse mbly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-16
3 / 1 Switch Assembly and Asse mbly, Chassis and Adj ustable
/0 4 DC Ampl/Auto Zero . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-12 Component Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-19

I LLU ST R ATIO N S

1-1 . HP Model 435 a nd Accessories Suppli ed . . . . 1-0 5-5. Power Meter Adj ustme n t Set up with
Calibr ator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-11
2-1 . C hanging Ra n ge Switch Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
2-2 . Line Voltage Select i on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2 6-1 . Cabinet Parts, Exploded View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10
2-3. Powe r Cable HP P art Numbers Versu s
Mains Plu gs Available . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
2-4 . B attery Insta ll at i on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4 8-1 . 4 A sse mbly Ex te nde d for Servi ce . . . . . . . . . . . 8-2
2-5 . P owe r Meter wi th Battery Installed . . . . . . . . . . 2-4 8-2. Non-Inverting Amplifie r (Gain = 1) . . . . . . . . . . 8-4
8-3. Non-Inverting Ampli fie r
3-1 . Fr o nt Pa n el Controls, Connectors and (Gain = 1 + R1/R2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5
Indi cato rs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4 8-4 . Inv ert ing Amplifier (Gain=-R1/R2) . . . . . . . . . . 8-5
3-2 . Rear Pa n el Controls, Connectors and 8-5. Sc hem atic Diagr a m N otes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-5
Indicato rs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-5 8-6. T r o ubl es h ooting Bloc k Diagra m . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-9
3-3 . O per ator 's C h ecks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6 8-7. Mul tivi brator/D etector W av eform s . . . . . . . . . 8-10
3-4 . O per ating Instru ct i o n s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8 8-8 . L
5 Mot h er B oard Compo n ent ocations . . . . 8-10
3-5. Specified Uncertainties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10 8-9 . / 4 Asse mbly (AC Ampl/Sync Detector)
3-6. Calculating Meas urement Un certainties . . . . 3-11 Component Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-11
3-7. Worst Case Effects of S pecified a nd 8-10. / 4 Assembly (AC Ampl/Sync Detector)
Mismatch Un certai nties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13 Schematic Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-11
3-8. Calculating Meas urement Un certai nty 8-11. 1 Switch Assembly Component
(Un certainty in dB Known) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14 Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-12
8-12. / 4 Assembly (DC Ampl /Auto Z ero)
4-1. Power Reference L evel Test Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2 Compon e nt Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-13
4-2. Z ero Carryover Test Set up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-4 8-13. /0 4 Assembly (DC Ampl/Auto Z ero)
4-3. Instrum
Sc entation Accuracy Test Set up hematic Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-13
with Calibrator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5 8-14. /0 4 Assembly (Power S upply)
4-4. Calibration Factor Test Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7 Component Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-15
8-15. / 4 Assembly (Power S upply)
5-1 . Power Reference Osc ill ator Level Schematic Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-15
Adj ustment Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3 8-16. 3 P ower Reference Asse mbly Component
5-2. Multivibrato r Adjustment Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6 Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-17
5-3. 220 Hz Zero Crossover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7 8-17. 3 Power Reference Asse mbly Schematic
5-4. Power Meter Adj ustment Setup Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-17
with 50 Power Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8 8-18. Front, Rear and Internal Views . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-19
Contents Model 435

TA BLE S

1-1. Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2 6-1. R eference D esignations and Abbreviations . . . 6-2

1-2. R ecommend ed Test Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4 6-2. R epl acea ble Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-4
6-3 . Code Li st of Manufacturers .' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11

4-1. Perform ance Test Record . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-8 8-1. E tched Cir cuit Soldering Equipment . . . . . . . . . 8-4
8-2. Assembly, Chass is and Adj ustabl e
5-1. F actory Selected Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2 Components Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-19
M odel 435 Safety Considerations

SA FE TY CO N SID ER ATIO N S

GENERAL while protective covers are removed. Energy avail-

This product and related documentation must be able at many points may, if contacted, r esult in
reviewed for familiarization with safety markings personal inj ury.
and instructions before operation.
Capacitors inside the instrument may still be
This product i s Safety C lass instrument (pro- charged evenif the instrument has been discon-
vided with protective earth terminal). nected from its source of s upply.

BEF ORE APPLYI N G P OWER For continued protection against fire hazard, re-
place the line fuse(s) only with 250V fuse(s) of the
Verify that the product is set to match the avail- same current rating and type (for example, normal
able line voltage and t he correct fuse is installed. blow, time delay, etc .) . Do not u se repaired fuses or
s hort circuited fuseholders.
SA FE TY E AR TH GR OUN D
An uninterruptible safety earth ground must be
provided from the main power source to the pro- SA FE TY SY MB OL S
duct input wiring terminals, power cord, or sup- Instruction manual symbol: the product
plied power cord set. will be marked with this symbol when it i s
n ecessary for the user to refer to the in-
WARN I N GS struction manual (see Table of Contents for
page references) .
Any interruption of the protective (grounding)
conductor (inside or outside the instrument) or Indicates hazardous voltages .
disconnecting the protective earth terminal will
cause potential shock hazard that could result in -L Indicates earth (ground) terminal .
personal inj ury. (Grounding one conductor of
two conductor o utlet i s n ot sufficient protection). WARNING The WARNING sign denotes
In addition, verify that common g round exists hazard. I t calls attention to
between the unit under test and this instrument procedure, practice, or the like,
prior to energizing either unit. which, ifnot correctly performed
or a dhered to, could result in per-
Whenever it i s likely that the protection has been sonal inj ury. D o not proceed be-
impaired, the instrument must be made inoperative y ond W ARNING sign until the
and be secured against any unintended operation. indicated conditions are fully
understood and met.
If this instrument i s to be energized via an auto-
transformer (for voltage reduction) make sure the The CAUTION sign denotes
common terminal is connected to n eutral (that i s, CA U TIO N hazard. I t calls attention to an
the grounded s ide of the mains supply). operating procedure, practice, or
the like, which, if not correctly
Servicing instructions are for use by service- performed or adhered to, could
t rained personnel o nly. To avoid dangerous elec- r esult i n damage to or destruc-
tric shock, do not perform a ny servicing unless tion o fpart or all of the product.
qualified to do so . Do not proceed beyond CAU-
TION sign until the indicated
Adj ustments described in the manual are per- conditions are fully understood
formed with power supplied to the instrument and met.
Ge n e ral Info rm at i on Model 435

MOD EL 435

ALIGNM ENT TOO L

POWER SENSO R CABLE POWER CAB LE

F igure l-1 . HP M o d el 4358 an d Accessories Su p plie d

M odel 435 General Information

S E CTIO N
G ENER A L I NF O RM ATIO N

1-1 . INTRODUCTION An instrument manufactured after the printing of

This manual provides information pertaining to this manual may have serial number prefix that
the installation, operation, testing, adjustment is not listed on the title page. This unlisted serial
and maintenance of the HP M odel 435 Power prefix indicates that the instrument is different
Meter . from those documented in this manual. The man-
ual for this newer instrument is supplied with
yellow Manual Changes supplement that con-
Figure 1-1 shows the Power Meter with accessories tains "change information" explaining how to
supplied . adapt the manual to the newer instrument.

An operating manual is shipped with the instru- In addition to change information, the supple-
ment. This is simply copy of the first three sec- ment may contain information for correcting er-
tions ofthis manual. The operating manual s hould rors in the manual. To keep this manual as current
be kept with the instrument for use by the opera- and accurate as p ossible, H ewlett-Packard recom-
tor. Additional copies of the operating manual mends that you periodically request the latest
may be ordered separately through your nearest Manual Changes supplement. The supplement for
Hewlett-Packard o ffice. The part number is listed this manual is k eyed to the m anual's print date
on the title page of this manual. and part number, both ofwhich appear on the title
p age. Complimentary copies of the supplement
On the title page of this manual, below the manual are available from Hewlett-Packard .
part number, is "Microfiche" part number. This
number may be u sed to order 100 150 mm (46- For information concerning serial number prefix
inch) microfilm transparencies of the manaul. The n ot listed on the title page or in the Manual
microfiche package also includes the latest Man- Changes supplement, contact your nearest
l C hanges supplement as well as all pertinent Hewlett-Packard office.
Service Notes.

Instrument specifications are listed in Table 1-1. 1-3 . DE SCR IPTIO N

These specifications are the performance stand- The Power Meter and compatible power sensor
ards or limits against which the instrument may are interconnected with the power sensor cable to
be tested . form power measurement system. The system
power level range, frequency response, and load
1-2. I NSTRUMENTS CO VERE D BY MANUAL impedance are dependent on the power sensor .

Options 001, 002, 003 and 004 of the Power Meter

Accuracy of the power measurement system is
are documented in this manual. The differences
ensured by the following Power Meter c haracter-
are noted in the appropriate l ocation such as
OPTIONS in Section , the Replaceable P arts List,
i stcs:
and the schematic diagrams . , An internal automatic zeroing circuit which
removes error due to the ambienttemperature out
This instrument has two-part serial number . The put of the power sensor's power sensing device.
first four digits and t he letter comprise the serial
number prefix . The last five digits form the se- b. calibration factor adjustment which ac-
quental suffix that is unique to each instrument. counts for error due to the frequency response of
The contents of t his manual apply directly to in- the p ower sensing device.
struments having the same serial number pre-
i (es) as listed under S ERIAL NUMBERS on the . An internal calibration reference which has
title page. an output of 1 mW 0.7% (50).
Ge ner al Inform ation Model 435

Ta ble 1-1 . Specif ications

S PE CI FICATIO NS

F requ ency R ange: R es ponse

Time:
(0
100 kHz to 26 .5 GHz (d ependin g on p ower sensor to 99% ofrea ding, five time co nstants .)
used). R ange 1 (most sensitiv e) <10.0 seconds.
Range 2 <3 .8 second s.
Power Range : Range 3 <1 .3 second s.
(Meter ca libr ated in watts and dBm.) R anges 4-10 <500 millisecond s.
With 8481 or 8482 sensors: 44 dB wi th 9 full scale Typical, m easur ed at r ecorder output.)
ranges of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 dBm
(1 mWto 25W).
Cal F actor:
With 8481 or 8482 se nsors: 45 dB with 9 full scale 16-position switch norma lizes meter reading to
ranges of -5, 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 dBm accoun t for ca libration factor or effective effi-
(30 W to 3W). ciency.
With 8481 A. 8482, 8483 or 8485 se nsors : 50 dB w ith Range 85% to 100% in 1% steps.
10 full scale r anges of -25, -20, -15, -10, -5, 0, 5,
10, 15 and 20 dBm (3 Wto 100 m W) . Cal Adjustment :
With 8484 se nsor: 50 dB with 10 full scale ra nges of Front panel adjust me n t provi des ca pability to
-65, -60, -55, -50,-45, -40, -35, -30,-25 a nd a djust gain of meter to m atc h power senso r in
-20 dBm (300 p W to 10 W). use .

Accuracy: R ecorder
Output:
Inst rumentation:' 1% of full scale on all r anges. Pr oportional to in dicated power with 1 volt cor-
Zero : Au tomat ic, operated by front- panel swi tch. responding to full scale; 1 k outpu t impedance;
Ze ro Set: 0.5% of full scale on most sens i tiv e BNC connector.
r ange, typical.
Zero Carryover: 0 .5% of full scale when zeroed on
RF Bla nk ing Outpu t:
the m ost sen sitiv e r ange. Pr ovides co ntact c l osure to ground when a uto-
Noise (t ypical, at constant temper at ure, peak
zero mode i s engaged.
change over any one-minute interval) : 20 p W
(8484) ; 40 n W (8481, 8482, 8483, 8485);
P ower Cons umption:
4 W (8481, 8482); 40 W (84818, 84828) .
100, 120, 220, or 240V +5%, -10%.
Drift (1 h our, typica l), at co nstant temperat ure
100 and 120 volts, 48 to 66 Hz a nd 360-440 Hz .
after 24-hour warm-up) ; 40 p W (8484); 15 nW
220 and 240 volts, 48 to 66 Hz .
(8481, 8482, 8483 , 8485); 1.5 W (8481,
20 V - m aximum.
8482 ); 15 W (84818, 84828) .
Power R eference: Internal 50 MHz oscillator w ith
Type F emale connecto r on front p anel (or Weight:

rear panel, Option 003 only) . N et, 2.7 kg (5.9 lbs).

Power o utpu t: 1 .00 m W.
F acto ry set to 0.7% traceabl e to the N ational Dlmenilons:
Bureau of Stand ard s. 155 mm hi gh (6-3/32 in ches).
Accuracy: 1 .2% w orst case (0.9% ras) for 130 mm wide (5-1/8 in ches).
one y ear (0 to 55C). 279 mm deep (11 in ches).

'Includes senso r non-linearity. Add +2, -4% on top two rangeswhen usin gthe8481, 8482, 8483and 848 powersensors; add 4.0% on the
top two r anges whenusingthe8481B and 84828 power sensors; add 5 .0% on th etoptwo rangeswhen usingthe8481H and 8482power sensors.
Model 435 General Information

1-4. OP TIO N S 1-9 . EQU IPMEN T AVAILABLE

1-5. Battery The HP Model 11683 Range Calibrator is reco m-
The Mod el 435 , Option 001 P ower Meter is sup- mended for performance testing, adjusting a nd
plied with rechargea ble battery that provides up t r o ubl es hooting the P ower Mete r. Th e P ower
Mete r's range-to-range accuracy and a uto-zero
to 16 h ours continuous operation from full
operation can easily be v erified with th e calibra-
charge.
tor. I t also has the capability of s upplying full
If the P ower Meter was purchased without the sca le test signal for each range.
b attery o ption, i t may be ordered in kit form under
An e xtender board (HP part number 5060-0630)
HP part number 00435-60012 . The kit includes the
may be use d to place the 4 assembly printe d
batte ry, th e battery clamp, 6-32 1/2-inch pan
circuit b oard in position that allows easy access
head m ac hine screw and installation instructions.
to test p oints and components.
1-6 . Input-Output Options
The following table lists the power sensor cable
O ption 002 . r ear p anel input connector i s accessories and t heir lengths that are a vailable
connected in parallel with the front panel input for use with the P ower Mete r. Ord er option 004 if
connector . the standard 1 .5 metre cable is not desired with
cable accesso ry.
Option 003 . r ear panel input connector is con-
nected in parallel with the front panel input con-
rear panel POWER REF O UTPUT con- Power Sensor Cable Accessory Cable Length
nector .
necto r replaces the sta ndard front panel con-
3.1m (10 ft)
necto r.
6.1m (20 ft)
15.2m (50 ft)
Option 004 . The 1 .5 metre (5 ft.) power sensor cable
is not shipped with t he P ower Meter. 30.5m (100 ft)
61.Om (200 ft)
1-7. ACCESSO RI ES SUPPLI ED
The accesso ri es supplied with the Power Meter ar e
shown in Figure 1-1 . 1-10 . RECOMMENDED T EST EQ U IPMENT
The test equipment shown in Table 1-2 i s recom-
. The 1.5 metre (5- foot) power senso r ca ble, mended for use during p erformance testing, adjust-
HP part number 11730, i s u sed to couple the ments and troubleshooting. To ensure optimum
power sensor to the P ower Mete r. The 1.5 metre performance of t he P ower Mete r, the specifi ca-
cable i s omitted when O ption 004 is ordered. tions of substitute instrum ent must equal or
e xceed the critical specifi cations shown in the
b. The lin e power cable may be supplied in sev- table.
eral confi gurations . Refer to the paragraph en-
titled Power Cables in Section II.

1-8 . EQU IPMENT RE QU IRE D BU T NOT 1-11 . SAFETY CO NSID ERATIONS

SUPPLIE D. The P ower Mete r is Safety Class instrument
To form complete RF p owe r measurement sys- (provid ed with protective earth terminal). Thi s
tem, power sensor, s u c h as the HP Model 8481, instrum ent has been designed according to inter-
must be connected to t he P ower Mete r via the national safety sta ndards and has been suppli ed
power sensor cable. in safe condition.
General Inforxat ion Model 435

Ta b le 1-2 . R ecommen d ed Test Eq ui p ment

I nstr ument Typ e C r itical S p eci f icat io ns

S u ggeste d
M o d el
U se*

Digita l Voltmeter Function: DC, Resistance HP-3455A , ,

R anges:
Resistance: 200
V dc: 100 m V, 1000 mV, 1O V, 100V
10 11 input impedance
5 1/2 di git resolu tion
Accur acy: 0 .05% of rea ding
0 .028% of range

Fr equ ency Frequ ency Range : 200 Hz - 50 MHz HP 5314

Co unter Sensitivity : 100 mVrms
Accur acy: 0.01%

Oscilloscope B andwi dth: do to 50 MHz HP 1740 , ,

Vertical sensitiv ity: 0.2 V/division
Horizontal sensitivity: 1 ms/division

P ower Meter Range: capability to measure 1 mW HP 432 ,

Transfer Acc ur acy (input to output) : 0 .2%

Power Senso r R ange: capability to measure 1 mW HP 8481/ or ,

HP 8482/

Ra n ge Calib rator HP 11683

Th ermistor S W R: 1.05 at 50 MHz HP 478A-H75 P, A

Mount Accur acy:** 0 .5% at 50 MHz

* = P erform ance Tests ; = Adjust ments ; = Troub leshootin g.

** Traceable to NBS.
Model 435 Installation

SE CTIO N
I N STA LL ATIO N

2-1 . INTRODUCTION 100 mW to 3 W (+20 to-25 dBm) and 10 W to 0.3 nW

This section includes information on the initial (-20 to -65 dBm). E ach scale listed indicates the
inspection, preparation for use, and storage and maximum and minimum full scale meter readings.
shipment instructions for t he Power Meter.
To select the correct RANGE switch knob assem-
2-2 . I N ITIA L I N S PE CTIO N bly scale (see Figure 2-1):

WA RN I N G . Unscrew the outer (black) knob by turning i t

counterclockwise. Then, remove the outer knob.
To a void haza rdous elect rical s hock, do
not perform electrical tests when t here b. Remove the two scale rings.
a re signs ofshipping damage to any por-
tion of the outer enclosure (covers and c. Determine which of t he 3 scales i s to be u sed.
panels) .
d. Place the other scale ring on the knob
Inspect the shipping container for damage . If t he assembly .
shipping container or cushioning material is dam-
aged, it should be k ept until the contents of the e. Place the selected ring on the knob assembly
shipment have been checked for completeness and with the selected scale out.
t he instrument has been checked mechanically
and e lectrically . The contents of the shipment Line up the tabs of the scale rings with the
should be as shown in Figure 1-1 . Procedures for slot in t he knob assembly.
checking electrical performance are given in Sec-
tion IV. If t he contents are incomplete, if t here is g. Hold the scale rings in place with your
fingers . Thread t he outer knob onto the knob
mechanical damage or defect, or if the instrument
assembly . Lightly tighten the knob.
does not pass the electrical performance tests, no-
tify the nearest Hewlett-Packard office. If t he
shipping container is damaged, or t he cushioning
material shows signs of stress, notify t he carrier
as well as the Hewlett-Packard office. Keep the SCA LE B AS E
shipping materials for the carrier's inspection.

2-3 . PREP A R ATIO N F O R U S E

2-4 . M eter Zeroing

With the LINE switch set to OFF, the m eter _nt-
er should be positioned directly over zero. Ifneces-
sary, insert screwdriver into the mechanical
Meter Zero control (beneath t he meter) and align
the pointer with zero. Back t he adj ustment off
slightly . The backlash in t he control ensures
against meter indication error caused by j arring
the instrument.

2-5 . R ange Switc h Scale Selection

The RANGE s witch has three scales on 2 r emov-
able rings which correspond to the measurement
capabilities of compatible power sensors . The
r ange scales are 3W to 0.3 mW (+35 to -5 dBm), Figure 2-1 . Changing Range Switch Scale
Insta llation Model 435

2-6. P ower R equirements

The Power M ete r requires p ower source with an
output of 100, 120, 220, or 240 V ac +5%, -10% sin-
gle phase, 100 and 120 volts, 48 to 66 Hz and 360
to 440 Hz, 220 and 240 v olts, 48 to 66 Hz. P ower
consumption is 20 V - m aximum .

WA RN I N G

If this instrument is to be ene rg ized via O p erating voltage is sh own

in modu le win d ow.
an external autot ransfo rmer, make sure
the autotransformer common terminal
is connected to the ea r th terminal of t he SELECTION OF O PER ATI N G V OLTAG E
power source. 1 . Open cover door, pull t h e FU S E PULL lever and rotate to
left. Remove t h e fu se .
2-7. L i ne V oltage Selection 2. R emove t h e L ine V oltage Selection Card . Positio n the car d
so th e line voltage appears at top-left cover. Push t he car d
CA U TIO N firmly into th e slot.
3. R otate th e Fu se Pull lever to its normal position . Insert
BEF ORE S WI TCHING ON THIS IN- fuse of t h e correct value i n t h e h ol d er. Close t he cover
STRUMENT, make sure th e instrum ent d oor.
is set to the voltage of the power source.
f
Figure 2-2 provid es in structi on s or lin e v ol tage
a nd fu se sel ection. The lin e v o ltage se lection card
and proper fuse are factory insta ll e d for 120 V ac To avoid the possibility of hazardous electri-
cal shock, do not operate this i nstrum ent at
operation. line voltages greater than 126.5 Vac with line
frequencies greater than 66 Hz (leakage cur-
Fuses m ay be ordered under HP p art numbers rents at these line settings may exceed
f
2110-0234, 0.1 (250V slow blow) or 100/120 V ac 3.5 mA).
operation and 2110-0040 0.062 (250V slow blow)
for 220/240 V ac operation. F igu re 2-2. Li ne V oltage Selection

2-8. P ower Cable 2-9 . Interconnections

In accordance with international safety stan- The P ower Meter and p ower sensor are integral
dards, this instrum ent is equipped with three- p arts of this measurement system. B efore m ea-
wir e p ower cable. When connected to an appr opri- surements can b e p erformed, the Power Meter and
ate ac p ower receptacle, this cable grounds the sensor must b e connected together with t he power
instrum ent cabinet. The type of power cable plug sensor cable. (The cable is supplied with t he P ower
shipped with each instrum ent depends on the Meter.)
f
country o f destination. R efer to Figure 2-3 or the
p art numbe rTh
s of the p ower cable plugs available. e p ower senso r cable couples the do supply and
WA RN I NG sampling gate drive fr om th e Power Meter to the
power sen so r and t he 220 Hz ac output s ignal from
BEF ORE SWITCHING ON THIS IN- the power sensor to th e P ower M eter.
STRUMENT, the protective earth ter-
CA UTIO N
minals of this instrument must be con-
n ected to the protect ive conductor of th e
(Mains) power cord. The Mains plug The maximum voltage which may be
shall only be inserted in socket outlet safely co upl e d to t he Power Mete r inpu t
provided with protecti ve earth con- from the powe r sensor is 18 mVrms.
tact. The protecti ve action must n ot be
n egated by t he use of an extension cord 2-10" Operating E nvironment
(power cab le) without p rotective con- The operating environment should be within t he
ducto r (grounding) . following limitations :
2-2
Mode l 435 Installation

220/240 V 220/240 V 100/120V 220/240 V

O PER ATIO N O PER ATIO N O PER ATIO N O PERATIO N

PLU G*: S EV 1011 .1959-24507

12 PLU G*: N ZSS 198/AS C112 PLU G*: 5-15 PLU G*: 6-15
CA BLE * : HP 8120-2104 CA BLE * : HP 8120-1369 CA BLE *: 8 120-1378 CA BLE * : HP 8120-0698

220/240V 220/240 V 220/240V

ct\ ' O PER ATIO N O PER ATIO N

PLU G*: C EE 7- V II PLU G*: C EE 22-V l PLU G* : B S 1363

CA BLE * : HP 8120-1689 CA BLE *: HP 8120-1860 CA BLE: HP 8120-1351
* The number shown for the plug is the industry i dentifier for t he plug only .
The number s hown for t he cable i s an HP part number for complete cable including the plug .

Figure 2-3. Power Ca b le HP P a r t Nu m b ers V ers u s M ains Pl u gs Available

O p erating E nvironment (cont' d) b ench or for mounting in r ac k of stand ard 19-

Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0 to 55C E
inch spacing. ac h case includes set of parti-
.
Humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .<95% . .r.elative at 40C ti ons for posi tioning a nd retaining instr uments
Altitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <4570 m etres (15 000 feet) and r ac k m oun ting kit. No tools are required for
F
in sta lling th e p artitions. or bench use the cases
2-11 .Benc h Operation hav e the same convenient feat ures as full rack-
width instrum ents, (i.e., fold-away t ilt sta nds and
The instrum ent cabinet h as plastic feet and fold-
specially designed feet for easier instrum ent stack-
away tilt sta nd for convenience in bench opera- ing). A ccessories available for the combinin g
tion. (The plast ic feet are shaped to ensure self- cases include blank filler p anels and snap-on full
aligning of t he instrum ents when stacked.) The dth control panel covers.
wi
tilt sta nd raises the fro nt of t he instrum ent for
easier viewing of t he control panel. 2-13 .B attery Operation
To oper ate the P ower Meter on b attery power, the
2-12. Rac k M ounti ng b attery must be insta lled and charged, the line
Instrum ents that are narrower t han full rack- p ower cab le must b e disconnected, and t he LINE
width may be r ack-mounted using e wlett- H swi tch must be ON.
Packard adapter frames or combinin g cases.
B atte ry I nstallation .
Adaptor F rames. H
ewlett-Pac k a rd accesso ry
adaptor frames a e an economi cal m ea n s of rack
r WA RN I NGS
mountin g instrum ents th at a re n arrower than full
rack-width. set of spacer clamp s, supplied with This tas k s hould be performed o nly by
each adaptor frame, p ermits instrumen ts of dif- service trained persons who a re awa re
ferent dimensions to be combined and rack mount- of thepotential shock hazard of working
ed as uni t. Accessory bla nk panels are available on an instrum ent with protective covers
for filling unused spaces . removed.

Combining Cases . Model 1051 and 1052 Com- To avoid haza rdous elect rical s hock, th e
bining Cases are metal enclosures that allow line (Mains) powe r cab le sh ould be di s-
combinations of one-third and o ne-half rack-width connected before attempting to insta ll
instrum ents to b e assembled for use on work- the batte ry.

2-3
Installation Model 435

Battery O peratio n (Cont' d) d. Place the b attery clamp over the b attery a nd
secure it. The two prongs fit into slots on the rear
WA RN I N GS (Cont' d) p anel a nd the 6-32 1/2-inch pan hea d machin e
screw holds the forward end of the clamp in place.
Do not short the batte ry terminals. This
may result in o verheating which can e. Tighten the b attery terminal lugs by hand.
cause burn s o r in crease risk of fire.
Figure 2-5 shows the Power Mete r with battery
Do n ot incine rate o r mutilate the bat- installed.
tery. It migh t b urst or release toxic
materials causing pe rso nal injury .
Battery Charging . The b attery is b eing charged if
the b attery has b een insta lled, the lin e power cable
The b attery is installed in t he P ower Meter as i s connected to the available line p ower, and the
follows (see Figure 2-4): LINE switch is ON. In the fully charged condition,
. Remove the top cover. (24-hour charge time), the battery will s upply
power for minimum of 16 h ours.
b. Hold the b attery above the Power Mete r,
p arallel to printed circuit board 4. The b attery 2-14. STO RAGE A N D SH I PMEN T
terminal lugs must face the circuit board.
2-15. Environment
c. Loosen the lugs. Move the battery down into The instrum ent should be stored in clean, dry
place and guide the lugs into the slots on the cir- environment. The following environmental lim-
cuit b oard. The b attery should now rest on the itations apply to b oth storage and shipment:
aluminum deck.
Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -55 to +75C
Humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <95% r elative at 40C
Altitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . <15 300 metres (50 000 feet)

F igure 2-4. B attery Installation F igure 2-5. P ower Meter with Battery Installed

2-4
M odel 435 Install ation

2-16. Pac k aging . Wrap the instrument in hea vy paper or plas-

tic. (If s hipping to Hewlett-Packard office or ser
Taggi ng fo vir Service. If the instrument i s being ce center, attach tag indicating the type of
return e d to Hewl ett-Pac kard for service, please service required, return address, model number
compl ete on e of t he blue repair tags l ocated at the and full serial numb er.)
end of t his m anual and attach it to the instrument.
b . Use strong shipping container. double-
Original Pac kaging. Co ntain ers and materials wall carton made of 2.4 (350 pound) test
identical to those used in factory pac kaging ar e material is adequate.
available through Hewlett- Pack ard offi ces. If the c. Use layer of s hoc k-absorbin g m aterial 70
instrument to is b e ing r eturned to Hewlett-Pac kard 100 mm (3 to 4 in ches) thi ck around all sides of
for servicing, attac h tag indicating the type of the instrument to provide firm c ushioning and
service requir e d, return address, m odel number prevent m ovement inside the contain er. Protect
and full serial number. Also m ark the container th e control panel with cardboard .
FRAGILE to ensur e careful h an dling. In any cor-
respondence refer to the in strument by model d. Sea l th e shipping co ntainer secur ely.
numb er and full serial number. e. Mark t he shipping co ntainer FRA GILE to
ensur e careful handling.
Ot h er P ac k agi ng. The following general instru c-
tions should be used for re-packaging with co m- f. In any correspondence, r efer to t h e in stru-
mercially available m aterials: m ent by model number and full seri a l number.
M o del 435 Operati on

S E CTIO N III
OPERATION

3-1 . I N TR OD U CTIO N match losses, mismatch uncertain ty, instrumen-

This sect ion pr ovides complete oper at ing in struc- tati on uncertainty and ca libr ation uncertainty.
M eas urement errors as high as 50% are not only
tions forthe Power Meter. The instructio ns consist
possibl e, they are highly likely unless the error
of. panel featur es, operator's check s, operating
instructions, power measurement accurac y and sour ces ar e understood a nd, as much as possible,
operator's maintenance. eliminated.

3-2. P ANEL FE AT URE S 3-6. Sources of E rror an d M easurement

Uncertainty
Front and rear p a nel features of the Power Meter
RF L osses. So me of the RF power that enters the
are described in Fi gures 3-1 and 3-2. These figures
contain deta il e d description ofthe controls, indi- power se n so r is not dissipated in the power sens-
ing e l emen ts. This RF loss i s ca used by dissipation
cato rs and co nn ecto rs .
in t h e walls of waveg uide power sensors, in the
3-3. OPER ATO R 'S C HE CK S ce n te r co nductor of coaxial power sensors, in the
die l ectri c of ca p acitors, co nnections within t he
NOTE sensor and r adiation losses.
M ismatc h . The res ult of mismatched impedances
Ifthe instrume nt does not ope rateprop-
e rly and is being return ed to Hewlett- between th e de vice under test and the power sen-
Pack ardfo r service, please complete one sor i s th at so me of the power fed to the sensor is
of th e blu e repa ir tags located at the end r eflected before it is dissipated in the load. Mis-
of this manual and attach it to the m atches a ff ect the measurement in two ways.
in strum ent. Fir st, th e initial reflection is s imple l oss and is
called mismatch loss. Second, the power reflected
Up on receipt of the instrument, or to check the from the sensor mismatch travels back up the
Power Meter for an indi cation of normal operation, transmission line until it reaches the source.
follow the Thoperational procedure shown in Fi gure ere, most of it is dissipated in the source impe-
3-3. These procedures are designed to familiarize dance, but so me of it is re-reflected by the source
t he operator with the Power Meter and to pr ovide mismatch. The re-reflected power returns to the
an und e rstanding of the operating ca pabilities. p ower sen sor a nd a dds to, or subtracts from, the
in ciden t power. For all practical purposes, the
3-4. OPER ATI N G I N ST RU CTIO N S effect the re-reflected power has upon the power
Ge neral o perating instru ctions are contained in measur ement is unpredictable. This effect is called
Figure 3-4. The instru ctions will familiarize the mismatch uncertainty.
operator with the bas ic practices u sed when oper- I n st r umentation Uncertainty. In strumentati o n
ating the Power Meter. certainty describes the ability o f the metering cir-
cuits to accur ately measur e the do output from the
WA R G p ower sensor's power sensing device . In the Power
Meter, this error is less than 1%. 1 I t is important
Any interruption of the protective to realize, however, that 1% mete r does not auto-
(grounding) conducto r (inside o r o utside matica lly give 1% overall measureme nt accuracy.
t he instrument) or disconnect ing the
P ower Reference Un certainty. The uncertainty of
protective earth terminal is likely to
the output level of t he power r efe r en ce oscillator is
make this instrument dangerous. Inten-
0.7%. This reference is normally u se d to ca librate
t ional interruption is prohibited. the system and is, therefore, pa rt of th e system's
total measur ement uncertainty.
3-5 . P OWER MEAS UREMEN T ACCUR ACY
power measurement i s neve r fr ee from e rror or 'R efer to In strume nt accur acy specification in Sect ion when usin gthe
uncertainty. Any RF s y stem has RF losses, mis- to p two r anges.
Operation Model 435

Cal F actor Switc h R esolution E rro r. The r esolution S p ecified

Uncertai n ties. The specified uncertain-
o f th e C AL FAC T O R switch contributes signifi- ties which account for part of the total power mea
ca nt e rror to the total measurement because the surement uncertainty ar e:
switch has 1% ste ps. The maximum error possible
in each position is 0.5%. . Instrum entation +-1%1 or 0.05 dB .

b. P ow er r efer e nce 0.7% or 0.03 dB .

3-7. Corrections for E rror
Cali b ration Factor and Effective E fficiency . Thetwo c. CAL FAC TO R switc h resolutio n, 0 to 0.5%
correction factors basic to power meters are cali- (depending on Ca l F actor).
bration factor and effect ive effi ciency. Effective
effi ciency is the correction factor for RF losses d. Zero set, 0.5% of full sca l e of lowest r ange
within t he power sensor. Calibration factor takes wh ich is 15 nW.
into account the effect ive efficiency and mismatc h e. Zero Carry over, 0.5%.
l osses.
f. N oise and Drift, d epe nd s on th e r a n ge and
Calibration factor is expressed as p e rcentage t ype of sensor.
with 100% meanin g the power sensor has no
l osses. N ormally t he calibration factor will be g . Ca libr ation factor uncertainty, which
100% at 50 MHz, the operating frequency of t he d epends on sensor t yp e, i s liste d in the sensor
internal reference oscillator. manual.
The power sensors used with t he P ower Meter
Figure 3-5 giv es an exa mple of specifi ed uncer-
have individu ally calibrated calibration factor
tainty ca l cul ation.
curv es placed on their covers. To correct for RF
and mismatch losses, simply find the power sen-
Calculating M ismatc h Un certainty . Mism atch un-
sor's calibration factor at the measurement fre-
certainty is the r esult of the source mismatc h
quency from the curv e or t he table that i s supplied
interact ing with the power sensor mismatc h. The
with the power sensor, and set the CAL FACTOR
magnitude of uncertainty is relate d to the magni-
switch to this v alue.
tudes of the source and power sensor reflect ion
The CAL FAC T OR s wi tc h resolution error o f coeffi cients, which can be calculate d from S WR.
0.5% may be r educed by o ne o f t h e foll o wing Figure 3-6 shows how the calculations are made
meth ods : and Figure 3-7 illustrates mismatch uncertai nty
and total calculated uncertainty for two cases. In
1) Set the CAL FAC T OR swi tc h to the n earest the first case, the power sensor's SWR =1.5, and in
posi tions above and below the co rr ect io n facto r t he second case, the power sensor's SWR =1 .25 . In
g iven on the table. Interpolating betw een t h e both cases the source has an SWR of 2.0. The
power levels measured provides the correcte d example shows the effect on power measurement
power level. accuracy poorly matched power sensor will have
as compared to one with low mismatch.
2) L ea v e th e CAL FA CTOR switch on 100%
a fter calibration. Th en, m ake th e measurement
faster, easier way to find mismatch uncertainty
and record the r eading. U se the reflect ion coeffi-
is to u se the HP Mismatc h Error (uncertainty)
cient, magnitude and phase angle, if such table
Limits/ Reflectomete r Calculator. The calculator
is suppli ed with t he power sensor, to calculate the
may be obtained, on r equest, from your nearest
corrected power level.
Hewlett-Packard offi ce by using HP part number
5952-0948 .
3-8. Calculating Worst Case U ncertainty
Worst case uncertain ty is the sum of the specified The method of calculating measurement uncer-
uncertainties and mismatc h uncertainty. Uncer- tainty from the uncertainty in dB is shown by
tainty calculation is outlined in the following two Figure 3-8 . Thi s method would be used when the
subsections and examples are worked out in Fig-
initial uncertainty calculations were made with
ures 3-5 and 3-6 . F or more complete explanation the Mismatc h Error/Reflecto mete r Calculato r.
of measurement uncertainty refer to HP applica-
tion note AN-64-1 "Fund amentals of RF and Mi- 'Refer to In strumentaccuracy specification in Section when usin gthe
crowave Power Measurement". top two ranges.

3-2
M odel 435 Operation

3-9. O PERATO R'S MAI NT EN AN CE t he Po wer Meter LINE s witch is ON and is being
The only maintenance respon sibiliti es th e opera- operated by the available line power, the l amp
tor should normally perform a re prim a ry power s hould be illuminated. If the l amp is defective,
fuse replacement, LINE s witch lamp replacement remove the lens by pullin g i t straight out. Order
and rechargeable battery replacement. l amp (3131-0434) CD6 a nd repl ace th e old
pushbutton-lamp assembly with the new one. To
Batte ry replacement is the only operation that replace the assembly , align the pins with the
requires tools. Pozidriv screwdriver is needed to notch in the receptacle and push straight in.
remove the battery c lamp.

3-10. Fuses 3-12 . Battery R eplacement

Th e prim a ry po wer fuse is found within the 6 If the meter indicates that the batte ry is dis-
Po wer Modul e Assembly on the Power Meter's charged by full downscale reading, and after
r ea r panel. For instru ctio ns on how to cha n ge th e charging the battery still will only power the
fuse, refer to the paragraph e ntitled Lin e Vol tage P ower Meter for s hort period of time, the batte ry
Selection in Section II. is probably defective. The replacement batte ry,
1 (HP p art number 1420-0096), may be ordered
CA UTIO N through the nearest Hewlett-Pac kard office . Refer
to Battery In stallation in Section II.
Make s ure that only fuses with t he
required rated current a nd of the speci-
fied type (slow blow, t ime delay, etc .) a re
WARNING
used for replacement. The u se of re-
paired fuses and the sho rt-c ircuiting of Thi s tas k s hould be performed o nly by
fuse-holders must be avoided. service trained persons who are awa re
of thepotential shock haza rdof working
3-11 . L amp R eplacement on an instrument withprotective covers
The lamp is contained in plastic l ens which dou- removed.
bles for pushbutton on the LINE s witch. When
O peration Model 435

FR O N T PANEL FE AT UR ES

M eter . N orm a lly indi cates average RF power in P OWER REF O UTPU T. RF output of 1.00 mW 0 .70%
dBm or Watts . During battery operat ion the meter in to 5052 at 50 MHz fr om an in tern al reference
co ntinuous ly indi cates battery co ndition. n or - oscillator. Av ail abl e for system calibr ation.
mal readin g indi cates the batte ry is charge d; full
down -sca l e rea ding indicates the battery is di s- CA L ADJ . Screwdriver adjustment for calibr at in g
charge d o r is defective. any power senso r and Power Meter as s ystem, to
kn own stand ard.
Mete r Zero . Mec hani ca l a djustment used to z ero the
meter wh en the LINE s witch is OFF .
In put connector. Inpu t from t he power se nsor vi a
the power se nso r cabl e.
L I NE Switch. Co nn ects line or battery power to the
P ower Meter c ir cui ts when t he LINE switc h i s ON .
During batte ry operation, the l amp co nta in ed CAL F ACTO R Switch. Chan ges the gain of the P ower
wi thin t he LINE sw itch will not be illumin ated Meter a mplifier cir cui ts to co mp ensate for mi s-
match losses and effectiv e efficiency of t he power
wh en the IN STRUMENT is ON .
senso r.
R AN G E Switc h. Selects desir ed power range ; keyed
to meter full-scale deflection; h as thr ee re movabl e ZER O Switch. Th e ZERO swi tch activ ates fee d-
scales which are changed to matc h the r ange of back cir cui t, whi c h a uto matically zeros the m eter
the power sensor. poin te r, and rear panel RF blanking signal.

F ig ure 3-1 . Fr ont P an el Controls, Connecto rs and Ind icators

3-4
Model 435 O perat ion

RE AR PAN EL FE AT URES

1 1" . .
SHOCE ,
" NO
SERV} VA,-.--' 7Sl -. .
REF ER S E RVICING I U
QU ALJ FIED PE RSO NN E L

PO W ER S E NSOR
IN PU T

10 W ARNING UD
G S FIRE HAZARD
PROTECTION FOR
REPLACE ONL V WITH 250 V {'USE
or
CU SAM AND
R RA TI NG_
RECORDER
AC LINE V .5 ,-10%
OU T PUT
20 %
VO L TS 100V i20 V 22i7Y 24

'. . 100. mAT b2-S mAT

9 48-,, *
POWER REF
OUTPUT

1~6

P OWER S EN SO R I NPU T. O ption 002 and 003 have P OWER REF O UTPU T. T akes the pl ace of the front
rear panel input co nnecto r wired in par allel wi th panel POW ER REF OUTPUT co nn ector (O ption
t he front p anel input co nn ector. 003 only) .

P ower M odu le Assembly . RE CO RDER O UTPU T. Provides linear outpu t with

respect to the input p ower. +1 .00 Vd c corr espond s
Window . Safety interloc k; fu se ca nn ot b e removed to meter full-scale. Th e minimum loa d which may
while p ower cabl e is co nnected to P ower Meter. be coupled to the output is 1 Mn .

FU SE PULL Handle. M ec hani ca l in terloc k to g ua r-

antee fu se h as b een removed before Line V oltage RF BL ANK I N G OU T PU T. Contact closur e to ground
Se lection Card can be removed. when ZERO swi tc h is presse d. M ay be used to
r emove RF input signal during auto matic zeroin g
Fu se . Refer to Sect ion II for valu es . operat ion.

Line V oltage Selectio n Ca rd . M atches transform er

prim ary to avail able line v oltage . POWER REF Switch. Opens or cl oses the circuit
fr om the p ower supply to the power refere nce oscil-
0 R eceptacle. F or power cabl e co nn ection to av ail- lator. R edu ces current dr ain du rin g b attery op era-
abl e line voltage . tion wh en OFF.

Fig ure 3-2. R ea r Panel Co ntrols, Connectors and In d icators

3- 5
O peration Model 435

OPER ATOR'S C HE CKS

1. BEFORE S WIT CHING ON THIS IN STRUMENT, check that the power transform er prim ary is
matc h ed to t he a vail abl e line voltage, the co rr ect fuse is in stall ed and the sa fety precautions are
ta ke n. See P ower Requirements, Line V oltage Selection, P ower Ca bles and associated wa rnin gs
and cautions in section II .

WARN I N GS

BEFORE CONNECTING LINE PO WER TO THIS

INSTR UMENT, ensur e that all devices connected to
this inst rument are co nn ected to the protective (earth)
ground.

BEFORE SWITCHING ON THIS INSTR UMENT, en-

sur e that the l ine power (Main s) plug is co nn ecte d to
three-conductor line power outlet that has a protective
(earth) ground. (Grounding one co nductor of two-
co nductor outlet is n ot sufficient.)

CA UTION

D o not tw ist the bo dy of the powerse nsor w hen co nnect-

ing or di sconn ectingit. This can ca use majordamage to
the power se nsor.

2. Set the meter indi cation to zero with the mec hanical meter zero co n trol. B ack the control off
slightly .

3. Connect the power senso r to the Power Meter with t he power senso r cabl e.

4. Connect the power ca bl eto the p ower outlet and power mod ul e receptacles . Set theLINE switch to
ON ; t he l amp within the switch lens should be illuminated.

5. Change the Power Meter's RANGE swi tc h scale so i t corresp onds to the r ange of t he power
se nsor. Refer to the paragraph enti tled Range Switch Sca l e Se lection in Sect ion II .

6. Set the P ower Meter Co ntrols as follows:

RANGE swi tch p osition . . . . . . . . . . .fully

CAL FA CTOR switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100%
P OWER REF sw itc h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . O FF

7. Pr ess the ZERO switch and verify t hat the meter pointe r moves to zero (0) and t he RF BLANK-
IN G OUTPUT is shorted to ground.

8. Set the RANGE sw itch to the pos ition indi cate d in the following tabl e. Th en, co nn ect the power
se nsor (a nd adapter or attenu ator as required) to the P OWER REF O UTPUT and set the r ea r
panel POWER REF switch to (ON) . Verify t hat the meter reads approxim ately the sa me as
indicated in the table.

F ig u re 3-3. Operator's Chec ks (1 of 2)

3-6
M o d e l 435 Op er ati on

O PER ATOR 'S C HE CK S

R AN GESwitc h M ete r
P ower Sen so r
Posit!an I I nd ication

8481 an d 8482 (remove attenu ator )

8481 , 8482, 8481 , 8482 3 mW 1 mW

8485 (HP 1250-1250 Adap ter r equired) 3 mW 1 mW

8483 (HP 1250-0597 Mech anica l Ada p ter r equired) 3 mW 0.96 mW

8484 (HP 11708 R e fer en ce Atte nu ato r rr equir ed) 3 MW ~+ - 1 W

9. Ste p the CAL FA CT OR switch throu g h i ts ra n ge n otin g sm all in crease in m ete r r eadin g wi th
each su ccessiv e ste p . Reset t h e CAL FA CT OR swi tch to 100%.

10 . Set th e RAN GE swi tch to the p osit i o n indi cated in the tabl e be l ow. Th en, a dj u st t h e CA L ADJ
co ntro l fo r full-scal e meter rea din g for 50 p owe r se n sors and 96% o f full scal e m eter read in g
for 75 p o w e r se n so r s.

P ower Sensor R AN G E Switc h P ositio n

8481 a nd 8482 (remov e attenu ator ) 1W

8481 , 8482, 8481 , 8482

8485 (HP 1250-1250 Ad ap ter r equired)

8483 (HP 1250-0597 Mech anical Ada p ter r equire d)

8484 (HP 11708 R efer e n ce Atte nu ator r equire d) 1 1 W

11 . Ch eck at t h e r ear p an e l RE CO RDER OUTPUT j ack fo r an ou tput of = 1 Vd c.

12. To c h ec k o pe rat i o n u sin g battery p o w er, di sco nn ect th e pow er ca ble fr o m th e r ear p an el pow er
m o dul e r ece p tac l e and set th e LINE swi tch to ON (t h e l a mp wi thin t h e s wi tc h l en s will not b e
illumin ate d). When p ower meas ure men t i s mad e, norm al up sca l e r ea din g indi cates norm al
op e rati o n; full d own-scale read in g indi cates th e b attery i s di sch arge d .

F ig u re 3-3. O p erator's C h ecks (2 of 2)

3-7
Operation Model 435

O PERATI NG I NST RU CTIO N S

1. BEFORE S WITCHING ON THI S IN STRUMENT, check that the power transformer prim ary is
matched to th e a vail able line v oltage, the co rrect fu se i s install ed and safet y pr ecautions are
taken. See P ower Requir ement, Line V oltage Se lection, P ower Cabl es and associated wa rnin gs
a nd cautions in Section II .

BEFORE CONNECTING LINE PO WER TO THE

INSTR UMENT, ensure that all devices connected to
thi s in strument are co nn ecte d to the protective (earth)
ground.

BEFORE SWITCHING ON THIS INSTR UMENT, en-

sure that the line power (Mains) plug is co nn ecte d to
t hr ee-conductor line power outlet that has a protective
(earth) ground. (G rounding one co nductor of two-
co nductor outlet is not sufficient.)

CA UTIO N

Do not twist the bo dy of thepower se nsor when connect-

ingor disconn ecting i t. This ca n ca use major damage to
the se nso r.

2. Set the meter indi cation to zero wi th the mec hanical meter ze ro co ntrol. Back the control off
sli ghtly.

3. Co nn ect the power sensor to the P o wer Meter with t he power senso r cabl e.

4. Co nn ect thepower ca bl e to t h epower o utlet and power module receptacles . Set the LINE switch to
ON ; the lamp within the sw i tc h len s should b e lit.

5. Change the P ower Meter's RANGE s witch scal e so i t corres ponds to the r ange of the power
sensor. R efer to the par agraph entit led Range Sw itc h Scale Selection in Section II.

6. Set t h e Power Mete r switches as foll ows:

RANGE position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . fully ccw

CAL FA CTOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100%
P OWER REF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . O FF
7. Press the ZERO swi tc h, allow 5 seconds for the z eroing operation to ta ke pl ace, and release the
switch.

8. Set the RANGE switc h to the pos ition indicate d in the following ta bl e. Th en, connect the power
se nso r (a nd adapter or atte nu ator as required) to the P OWER REF OUTPUT and set the rear
panel POWER REF switch to (ON) . F or 50 power se nsors, adjust the CAL ADJ co ntrol for
full -scale rea ding; the meter pointer should be ali gned with the CAL mark (full-scale r ea ding) on
the meter face. F or 75 power sensors, adjust the CAL ADJ co ntrol for 96% offull sca l e rea ding;
the meter poin ter should be aligned wi th the 0.96 mark on the meter face.

F igure 3-4. Op erati ng I n structions (1 of 2j

3-8
Mo d e l 435 Op er ati on

O PERATI NG I N ST RU CTIO N S

P ower Sensor R AN G E Switch P ositio n

8481 and 8482 (r em ov e attenu ator ) . 1W

8481 , 8482 , 8481 , 8482

8485 (HP 1250-1250 Ada pter r equire d)

8483 (HP 1250-0597 M ech a ni ca l Ada pter r equire d)

8484 (HP 11708 Re fe r ence Atte nu ator r equire d)

9. Disconn ect the p owe r senso r from th e POWER REF OUTPUT a n d setth e POWER REF switch to
OFF.

10 . L ocate t h e calibr atio n curv e on the power sen so r cov er . Find th e CAL FA CT OR for t h e meas ure-
m ent fr eque n cy; set the CAL FA CTOR switch accordin gly.

11 . Set the RAN GE swi tc h suc h th at full scale is gr eate r th an th e power l ev el to be measur ed .

CA UTION

See Operating Pr ecautions in the p ower se nso r Operat-

ing and Se rvice Manuals fo r max imum power levels
which may be safe ly co upled to this system. Levels
which exceed the limits m ay damage the p ower senso r,
Power Meter, or both.

12 . Conn ect the powe r se n so r to th e RF source . Read t h e po we r le ve l in dBm o r Watts on th e pa n el

m eter .

When t he battery is being use d as the p ower s upply fo r
the Power Meter, an automat ic test cir cui t co ntinually
monito rs battery condition. When the battery voltage i s
above pr edetermin ed level, the m eter indi cates the
co rrect p ower level. When t he vo ltage drops below the
threshold level, the meter reading is full dow nscale.

Fig ure 3-4. Operating Instructions (2 of 2)

3-9
Operation Model 435

S PE CI F I E D UN CER TAI N TY CA L CUL ATIO N

Conditions : Range - 1 m W
Meter Rea ding - 0.7 mW
Sen sor - 8481
Fre qu en cy - 1 G Hz
CAL FAC T O R - 99 .5%

(FS)
= In strum en tat ion Uncertain ty 1 .0% = 0 .01 mW = 0 .06 dB
(R)= Power Reference Uncertain ty 0.7% = 0 .0049 mW = 0 .03 dB
(R) CAL FA CTOR Switch Resolution Uncertain ty = 0.5% = 0 .0035 mW = 0 .02 dB
(R)= Zero Set Un certainty 0.002% = 0 .000015 m W = 0 .00009 dB
(FS)
= Zero Carryover Un certainty 0.5% = 0 .005 mW = 0 .03 dB
(R) Noise = 0.006% = 0 .00004 m W = 0 .00025 dB
(R) Drift = 0 .002% = 0 .000015 m W = 0 .00009 dB
(R)= Cal Factor Uncertain ty 2 .70% = 0 .019 mW = 0 .12 dB
0 .0425 mW

0.00 425
Total S pecified Uncertain ties = 0.0425 m W = (100) = 6.07%

0'7425 =
= 10 l og +0.26 dB
0.7

: FS = % of full scale
R = % of reading

F igure 3-5. S pecifie d U ncertai nties

3-10
Model 435 Operation

CA L C UL ATI N G ME AS UREMEN T UN C ER TAI NTY

1. Calculate the r eflect i o n coefficient fro m the given S WR.

S WR-1
=
SWR +1

Power Sensor #1 Power Sensor #2 Power Source

SWR = 1 .5 SWR = 1 .25 SWR = 2 .0

1 .5-1 1 :25-1 2 .0-1

1 .5+1 2 1 .25+1 Ps = 2 .0+1

_0.5 0 .25 _1 .0
2.5 2 .25 3 .0

=0.2 =0 .111 =0 .333

2. Calculate the relative power a nd percentage power mismatch uncertaint i es from the reflection
coeffi cients . An initial reference level o f 1 is assum ed.

Relative Powe r Un certa inty

P U = [1 ( s )] 2
l = {1 [(0 .2)(0 .333)] } 2 PU, = {1 [(0 .111)(0 .333)] } 2

=
= {10.067} 2 110 .037}2

= 1 .067 1 2
and 10.933 1 2 = 11.037 1 2 and 10 .963 1 2

= 1 .138 and 0 .871 = 1.075 and 0 .927

Percentage Power Uncertainty

%vPU = (PU-1) 100%

%vPUI = (1 .138-1) 100% and (0.871--1) 100%

= (0 .138) 100% and (--0.129) 100%

= 13 .8% and -12 .9%

%vPU, = (1 .075-1) 100% and (0 .927--1) 100%

= (0 .075) 100% and (-0 .073) 100%

= 7 .5% and -7.3%

F igure 3-6. Calculating M easurement Uncertainties (1 of 2)

3-1 1
 Model 435
Op eration

CA L C UL ATI NG ME AS UREMEN T UN C ER TAI NTY

3. Calculate the Meas urement Uncertainty in dB .

MU = 10 [1g10 ('-) dB

(1 .138)] 0.871
MU, = 10 log 1 and 10 [log ( 1 )]
1

= 10 [0 .056 1 and 10 [-0 .060 1

= +0 .56 dB and -0.60 dB

(1-075)] (0 .127)]
MU, = 10 [ log 1 and 10 [ log
1

= 10 [0 .031] and 10 [-0 .033 1

= +0.31 dB and -0.33 dB

F igure 3-6. Calculating M easurement Uncertainties (2 of 2)

3-1 2
M odel 435 O perat ion

I N DICATE D P OWER VERSUS R ANG E O F ACT UA L POWER

(Valu es fr om e xamples on Figures 3-5 a nd 3-6 .)

I N DICATED PO WER TOTAL SPE CI F I E D WO R ST CASE UN C ER TAI NTY

UN CER TAINTI ES (SPE CI FI E D & M IS MATC H )
0.84 mW (-0 .73 dBm)
EXAMPLE 1 :
SEN SO R SWR = 1 .5
SO UR CE SWR = 2.0 ACTUA LP OWER

+13.8% 1+19 .9% ANYWHERE IN
S H AD E D ARE A
0.74 mW (-1 .29 dB m)

6.1% /
0.7 mW (-1 .55 dBm)

N/
/./
61

0.66 mW (-1 .81 dB m)

0.57 m W (-2.4 dB m)

EXAMPLE 2: 0.8 MW (-0.98 dBm)

SEN SO R SWR = 1 .25
SO UR C E SWR =2 .0 ACTU A LP O WER
+7 .5% +13 .6% A NYWHERE 1

0.74 (-1 .29 dBm) S H AD E D A RE A

.1%
66
0.7 m W (-1 .55 dBm)
/

0 .66 mW (-1 .81 dBm)

0.6 mW (-2.1 dBm)

Figure 3-7 . Worst Case E ffects of Specifie d an d M ismatc h U ncertainties

3- 13
 Model 435
Op eration

CALCULATI NG ME ASUREMENT UNC ERTAI NTY

1. For this example the known values are : source SWR, 2.2 and power sensor SWR, 1 .16 . From
the Mismatc h Error Ca lc ulato r the mismatc h uncerta inty is found to be +0 .24, --0 .25 dB.

2. Add the specifi ed uncertainties from Figure 3-5, (0 .26 dB) . Our tota l meas urement un-
certainty is +0 .50, -0 .51 dB.

3. Calculate the relative meas urement uncertainty from the followin g formula:

dB = 10 log 1
(PO

dB
logC 1\
10

_ 1 (dB)
>,.1 log 10

d_
dB)
U = 1 = log-,
)

(Q9 5 0)
= log-' (-0 01)
log-1 10

= 1 .122 = 0 .889

4. Calculate the p erce ntage Measurement Uncertainty .

%MU = ( 1 - PO) 100

_ (1 .122 -1) 100 = (0.889 -1) 100

_ +12 .2% = -11 .1%

F igure 3-8. Calculating Measurement U ncertainty (U ncertainty in d B Known)

3-1 4
Mode l 435 Perfo rm an ce Tests

SE CTIO N I V
PERF ORM AN C E TE STS

4-1 .4-4.
I NTR ODU CTION PERFO RMAN CE T E STS
Th e pr ocedur es in t his secti on test th e e l ectri ca l The perform a n ce tests g iven in this secti on a re
perfo rm an ce o f th e Po wer Meter u s in g th e sp ecifi- s ui ta ble for in co min g in s p ect io n , tr oubl es hootin g
catio n s o f Tabl e 1-1 as perform an ce sta nd a rds. All or pr e v e ntiv e mainten an ce. During a ny p erfor-
tests ca n be performed wit h o u t access to t h e inte- m a nce test, all s hi e lds and co nnectin g hardwa re
ri or of t h e in strum e nt. simpl er op eratio n a l test mu st be in pl ace. Perform th e tests in th e ord er
is in c lude d in Sect i o n III und er Op erator's C h ec k s. g iv e n a n d r ecord th e data on th e test card a nd /or
in th e data s p aces pr ovided at th e end o f each
4-2 . E Q U IPMEN T RE Q UI RED proce dure.
Equipm e nt re quir e d fo r th e performan ce tests is

li sted, in Tabl e 1-2, Reco mm e nd e d Test Equipm ent.
Any e quipm en t th at sati s fies t he criti ca l s p ec ifi- The Power Meter must have h alf-hour
cati on s giv e n in th e ta bl e ma y b e s ubsti t u te d for warmup and the line voltage must be
th e recomm end e d mo d e l(s) . within +5%, -10% of n ominal if the per-
formance tests a re to be considered valid.
4-3 . TEST RECO R D E ac h test is a rran ged so t h at th e s pecifi catio n i s
Res ults o fth e perform a nce tests ma y b e ta bul ate d w ri tte n as it a ppears in T a ble 1-1 . N e x t, descrip -
t h e T est R ecord at t h e end of t he test proce- t i o n of t he test and a ny s peci a l in st ru ct io n s or
dur es. Th e T est Reco rd li sts all o f t he teste d s peci - pro bl em ar eas ar e in c luded. Each test t h at r e-
fi catio n s a nd th eir acce p tabl e limi ts. Test res ults quir es test e quipm e nt has set up dr aw in g a nd
reco rd e d at in co min g in s pecti on ca n b e u se d fo r li st of th e required e quipm en t. Th e ini ti al ste p s o f
co mp a ri so n in perio dic m a in te n a n ce, tr oubl e- eac h proce dur e give con t ro l settin gs required fo r
sh oot in g a nd after r e p a ir s or a dj u st men ts. th at pa rt i cul a r test.

PERFO RMAN C E T ESTS

4-5 . POWER REFEREN C E LEVEL T E ST

SPE C IFI C ATI O N: In tern a l 50 MHz oscill ato r wi t h Typ e F e male co nn ector on fro n t pan e l (or rear
p a nel, O pt io n 003 o nly). P ower out pu t: 1 .00 mW. F actory set to 0.7% tr acea bl e to th e
N ati o n a l Burea u of Sta nd ards. A cc uracy : 1 .2% worst case (0.9% r ss) for on e year
(0 to 55C) .

DE SC RIPTI O N: Th e po we r r e feren ce oscillato r o u t pu t i s factory a dj uste d to 1 mW 0 .7%. To achieve

t hi s accuracy, H e wl ett-P ac k ard empl oys sp eci al meas ure me nt s ystem accur ate to
0.5% (t r acea ble to th e N ati o n a l Bureau o f Standard s) a nd allows for tr an s fer err orof
0.2% in ma kin g t h e a dj u st men t. If an equiv a l e n t meas ureme n t s y ste m i s emplo y e d
for v e rification, t h e po wer r e fer e nce osc ill ator o u tput can be verified to 1 mW 1.9%
(1 .2% accuracy + 0.5% v erifi catio n s y ste m err o r + 0.2% t r an s fer err or = 1.9%
maximum e rror). The power re feren ce oscill ato r can be set to 0.7% u s in g t he same
e quipm e n t a nd fo llo win g t h e adj u st men t proce dur e in Secti on V. To en s ure maximum
acc uracy in v erifyin g t he po w er refere nce oscill ator ou tput, the foll ow in g procedur e
provides step- by-step in st ru cti on s for u s in g s p ec ifi e d Hewl ett- P ackard test inst ru-
me nts o f know n ca p a bili ty. If equiv a l e nt test in strume nts are used , signal acqui si t i o n
cri te ri a ma y v ary a nd refer e n ce s h ould b e mad e to th e manufacturer's guid elin es fo r
op er atin g t he in st rum e nts.
P erfo rm a n ce Tests Mo d el 435

PERFO RMAN CE T ESTS

4-5 . P O WER REFEREN CE LEVEL T EST (Cont' d)

The Power Meter may be returned to the nearest Hewlett-Packard
office to h ave the power refe rence oscillator c hecked and/o r
adjusted. R efer to Section II, PACKAGING.

211'eMMI 14'.
P OWER ME T ER ', V CO MP I
DIGITA L V O LT MET ER

in r -- -~ INPUT
T HERM ISTOR
_UNT ~ VRF i

F
F ig ure 4-1 . P ower R eference Level Test Setup

EQ UIPMENT: P owe r Meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HP 432A

Th ermi stor Mo un t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HP 478A-H75
Digi ta l Vo ltmeter (DVM) . . . . . . . HP 3455A

PROC EDURE : 1. Set up th e DVM to measure r esi sta nce. Conn ect the DVM b etwee n th e V RF
co nn ecto r on th e rear panel o f th e 432 and pin 1 o f t h e t hermi stor mo un t end of
t h e 432 in te rco nnect cable.

2. Ro und o ff th e DVM indi cat io n to two decim al places a nd record thi s valu e as th e
in tern al bridge r esista n ce (R) of t he 432 (approxim ately 200 ohms).

3. Co nnect 432 to t he Power Meter as sh own in Figure 4-1 .

4. Set th e P o wer Meter LINE sw itch to ON (in) an dt he P OW ER REF swi tc h to O FF.

Then, wait t hirty minu tes for th e 432 th ermi sto r mo unt to stabiliz e b e for e
pr ocee ding to the ne x t step .

5. Set th e 432 RANGE sw itch to CO AR S E ZER O and adj ust t h e fr on t- p an e l

COAR SE ZERO contr ol to o btain zero meter indi cation .

6. Fin e zero t he 432 on th e most sen sit ive ran ge, then set th e 432 RAN GE switch
to 1 mW.

Check t hat D VM input leads are isolate d from chass is ground

when performing t he n ext step.

7. Set up th e DVM to meas ur e mic rovo lts and co nn ect th e pos itiv e and n egat ive
inpu t l eads, respectiv e ly , to th e Vc and V RF co nnectors on th e rear pan el of t he
432.
Mo d e l 435 P erform an ce Tests

PERF O RM A N C E TESTS

4-5 . P O WER REFEREN C E LEVEL TEST (Cont' d )

8. O bserv e th e indi cat io n on t he DVM. If less t h an 400 mi cr o vo l ts, pr oceed to t h e

next ste p . If 400 mi c ro v o lts o r gr eater , press and h old th e 432 FINE ZERO
switch and a dj u st t h e COAR S E ZERO co ntro l so t h at th e DVM indi cates 200
micr o v ol ts o r l ess . Th e n, re l ease th e FINE ZER O s witc h and pr oceed to t he n ext
step .

9. Ro und offth e DVM indicati on to t he nea rest mi cr ov olt and recordthis valu e as V.

10. Set t he P ower Meter P O WER REF switch to ON (in) and r eco rd the indicatio ns
o b serv e d on t he DVM as V1 .

11 . Di sconn ect th e DVM n egativ e input l ea d from th e V RF conn ecto r on the 432A and
r eco nnect it to 432 ch assi s gro und. Record th e ne w indi catio n observed on t he
DVM as Vcom p .

12. Ca lcul ate th e power r efer e n ce oscillato r output level (RF) fro m th e fo llo win g
formul a:
2Vco mp (V i - V) + V 2 _J2
4 R (CALIB RATI O N FA CT O R)

Wh er e:

RF = power r eferen ce oscill ato r output lev el

Vc = previo u s ly reco rded v alue

V1 = previo u s ly record ed v a lue

V = previo u sly record ed v a lue

R = previo u s ly record e d v a lu e

C ALIBRATI O N FA C T O R = v alue for thermistor mo unt at 50 MHz (t r aceable to

th e N ati o n a l Bur ea u of Stand ards)

13. Verify that th e RF is within th e fo llow in g limi ts:

. Actu al .

0.981 m W 1 .019 MW
P e rfo rm a n ce Tests Mo d e l 435

PERF O RM A N C E TESTS r

4-6 . Z ER O CA RR YO VER T E ST

SPE CIFI C ATI O N: 0.5% o f full scale when z eroe d in th e most sen s itiv e ran ge.

DE SC RIPTI O N: After th e P ower Mete r i s init i ally z e roed, the c h a n ge in th e mete r rea din g i s monitored
at th e RE CO RDER OUTPUT as th e in strum en t is stepp e d thr ou g h i ts r an ges. Th e
mete r r ea dings tak e into acco unt noi se a nd drift beca u se zero carry o v e r and the noi se
drift readin gs cann ot be sep ar ate d. Re fe r to Ta ble 5-1 if th e r es ults are n ot within th e
limi ts.

435
P OWER ME TER
DIGITA L V O LTMETER
RECO R DER O UTPUT
(RE A R P A NEL)

I NPU T

F ig u re 4-2. Zero Carryover Test Setup

EQ UIPMENT: Di gi ta l Vo ltmeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HP 3455A

P o wer Se n so r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HP 8481/ or 8482 /

PROC EDURE 1. Set the DVM RANG E co n tro l to 100 mVdc.

2. Set the Po wer Meter Swi tch es as fo ll o ws:

C AL FA C TO R . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100%
RANG E pos itio n . . . . . . . . . . . fully ccw
PO WER REF ( r ear p an e l) . . . OFF

3. Conn ect th e equipm ent s h ow n in Figur e 4-2 .

4. Press t he fr o n t pa nel ZER O sw itch and wai t for th e mete r indi cato r's positi on to
stabiliz e. V erify that t h e DVM reads 0 0.9 mVd c. Release th e ZERO s witc h .

5. Verify th at th e RE CO RDER OUTPUT fall s wit hin the limi ts s h own on the ta bl e
for each r a n ge. Record th e r eadings.

R ANGE
Switc h
P os i tio n Min . Actual .

mVdc mV d c mVd c
fully -15 +15 5 ste ps cw
1 step -17 +17 6 ste ps cw
2 ste ps -14 +14 7 step s cw
3 steps cw -11 +11 8 step s
4 step s -8 +8 fully cw

4-4
M ode l 435 P erform an ce T ests

PERF O RM A N C E TESTS

4-7. I N STRUMENTATIO N ACC UR ACY T EST WIT H CA L I BR ATO R

SPE C IFI CATI O N: 1% o f full sca le on all ran ges.

DE SC RIPTI ON: In st rum en tat io n acc ur ac y is v erifi e d by co uplin g full -scal e r e fe ren ce inpu t fro m th e
HP 11683 Calibrator to th e P ower Meter on eac h r an ge. Verify t hat th e RE CO RDER
OUTPUT level i s within 1% plus n o ise and drift.

HP 435
P O WER MET ER
RA N G E
DIGITA L V O L T MET ER
CA L I BR ATO R RE CO R D ER O U TPU T
(RE A R PA NEL)

POWER INPUT
ME T ER

F ig u re 4-3. I n stru me n tation Accuracy Test Set up with Cali b rator

E QUIPMENT: Di g ital Voltmete r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HP 3455A

R a n ge Calibr ator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HP 11683A

PROC EDURE : 1. Set th e 11683 RANG E switch to 1 mW, th e F U NC TI O N sw itch to C ALIBRATE

and the PO LARITY swi tc h to NORMAL.

2. Set th e P ower Meter RANG E swi tc h 5 steps fr o m th e fully ccw posit io n .

3. Set th e DVM RANG E s wi tc h to 1000 mVdc.

4. Conn ect th e e quipm e nt as s h own in Figure 4-3 .

5. Adj u st t he fro nt p an el CAL ADJ con tro l to pr ovid e rea din g of 1000 2 mVdc.

CA UTIO N

To a v oid da mage to th e meter , set th e Ca li b rato r 's F UNCTIO N

con t ro l to STANDB Y w hile c h anging th e RANG E co n t ro l set-
t ings on th e Powe r Meter a nd Ca li brato r .
Performan ce Tests Model 435

PERF O RM A N C E T E STS

4-7 . I N ST RUMEN TATIO N ACC UR ACY T E ST W IT H CA L I BR ATO R (Cont'd)

6. Set the P ower Meter RANGE s witch to each possible position in t urn. Set the
11683 RANGE s witch to the same p osition a nd verify t hat the DVM reading,
which includes n oise and drift, i s within t he limits shown in t he table b elow.

RA NGE R es u lts ANGE

R R es u lts
Switc h Switc h
P ositio n Min . Act ual . Positio n Min . Actu al .

mVdc mVdc mVdc mVdc mVdc mVdc

fully ccw +975 +1025 5 steps +998 +1002
1 step cw +978 +1022 6 steps +990 +1010
2 steps +981 +1019 7 step s cw +990 +1010
3 steps cw +984 +1016 8 steps +990 +1015
4 step s cw +987 +1013 fully +990 +1015
Mo d el 435 P erfo rm a n ce Tests

PERFORMANC E T ESTS

4-8. CALI BRATION FACTO R T EST

SPE CIFI CATI O N: 16- p os iti o n s witch no rm aliz es meter r ea ding to acco un t fo r ca libr ati on facto r o r
effectiv e e ffi cien c y. R an ge 85% to 100% in 1% step s.
DE SC RIPTI O N: After th e P o wer Meter is ze roe d on t h e most sen s itiv e r ange, 1 mW inpu t level is
a pplied to t h e P owe r Mete r and the CAL ADJ co nt ro l i s set to o b ta in 1 .000 mW
indicati o n. Th e n the CAL FA C T OR s wi tc h i s stepp e d thro u g h its 16 p osit io n s and the
meter i s mo ni tored to e nsure th at th e pro p e r indi catio n is o btained for each p osi t io n .

R ANG E DIGITA L V O LTM E T ER

CA L IBRATO R RECOR D ER O UTPUT
(RE AR PAN EL)

INPU T

F ig u re 4-4. Cali b rati on F actor Test Set u p

E Q UIPMENT: Digita l Vo l tmeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HP 3455A

R an ge Ca librato r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HP 11683A

PR OC EDURE: 1. Set t he 11683 RANG E switch to 1 mW, th e FUNCTI O N s witch to CALIBRATE

a nd th e P O LARITY s witch to N ORMAL.
2. Set th e P owe r Meter RANG E swi tc h 5 steps fr om th e fully p os itio n .
3. Set th e DVM RANG E s wi tc h to Vd c.

4. Co nn ect th e e quipm e nt as s h own in Fi g ure 4-4 .

5. r
Set t he fro nt p a n e l CAL ADJ co ntr ol to pro vide ea ding of 1000 2 mVd c on th e
DVM.
6. Set th e CAL FA C T O R switch to eac h pos iti o n a nd v erify th at th e indi cati on s
o bserv e d at eac h pos iti o n are wi t hin t h e limits sp eci fied in t he fo ll owing ta ble.

CAL FACTOR R esults CAL FACTOR R esults

Switch Switch
Positio n Min . Actual . Position Min. Act ual .

Vdc We Vdc We Vdc V dc

100 0.994 1 .006 92 1 .081 1 .093
99 1.004 1.016 91 1.093 1 .105
98 1.014 1.026 90 1 .105 1 .117
97 1.025 1.037 89 1 .118 1 .130
96 1.036 1.048 88 1 .130 1 .142
95 1.047 1 .059 87 1.143 1 .155
94 1.058 1.070 86 1 .157 1 .169
93 1.069 1.081 85 1 .170 1 .182

4-7
P erform ance Tests Model 435

Ta ble 4-1 . Performance Test Recor d

H e wl ett- Packard Co mp any

Model 435 T este d By
Power Meter
Serial Number Date

R es u lts
P ara
Test Descriptio n
No.
Min. Actual .

4-5. P ower Reference Accur acy mW mW

1 mW 0.981 1 .019

4-6. Zero Carryove r mVdc mVd c mV dc

fully cc w -15 +15
1 step -17 +17
2 steps cw -14 +14
3 steps c w -11 +11
4 steps -8 +8
5 step s -5 +5
6 steps cw -5 +5
7 steps cw -5 +5
8 steps cw -5 +5
fully cw -5 +5

4-7. In strum entation Accurac y mVdc mVdc mV dc

fully ccw +975 +1025
1 step +978 +1022
2 step s cw +981 +1019
3 steps +984 +1016
4 steps +987 +1013
5 step s cw +998 +1002
6 step s cw +990 +1010
7 ste ps cw +990 +1010
8 ste ps cw +990 +1015
fully +990 +1015

4-8. Calibr ati o n Factor Vd c Vd c Vd c

100 0.994 1.006
99 1.004 1.016
98 1.014 1.026
97 1.025 1.037
96 1.036 1.048
95 1 .047 1.059
94 1.058 1.070
93 1.069 1 .081
92 1.081 1 .093
91 1 .093 1 .105
90 1 .105 1 .117
89 1 .118 1 .130
88 1 .130 1 .142
87 1 .143 1 .155
86 1 .157 1 .169
85 1 .170 1 .182

4- 8
M odel 435 Adj u stme nts

S E CTIO N V
AD JU ST MEN TS

5-1 . I N T R OD U CTIO N fuses and t he short-circuiting of fuse-

holders musi. be avoided.
This section describes t he a dj ustments which will
return the Power Meter to pea k operating condi-
Whenever it is likely t hat thep rotectio n
tion after repairs are completed .
offered by fuses has been impaired, the
instrument must be made inope rative
If the adj ustmen ts ar e to b e con s id er e d v alid, the
and be secured against any unintended
Power Meter must have half hour warmup and
ope ration.
the line voltage must b e wit hin +5 to -10% of
nominal.
Adjustments described her ein a r e pe r-
formed with power s upplied to th e in-
The a dj ust me n t procedure entitled "Power
strum ent while p rotective covers are
Meter Adj ustments with 50 Power Senso r" is to
be perform ed only w hen the HP M odel 11683 removed. Energy ava ilable at many
points may, if con tacte d, res ult in per-
Ra n ge Calibrator i s not av ailable.
sonal injury .

5-2. SA FE TY CO N SID ER ATIO N S 5-3. E Q U I PMEN T RE Q U I RE D

Al though this in strument has been designed in The test equipment requir ed for the adj ustmen t
acco rd a nce with international safety standard s, pr ocedures is listed in Table 1-2, Recommended
this manual co nta ins information, cautions and Test Equipment. The critica l specifications of
warnin gs which must be followed to avoid per- substitute test instruments must meet or e x cee d
sonal inj ury and damage to the instrument (see the standards listed in t he table ifth e Power Meter
Sect ions II and III) . Service and adj ustments is to meet the standard s set forth in Table 1-1,
should be performed only by qualified service per- Specifications.
sonnel.
WA RN I N GS 5-4. FACTO R Y S ELE CT E D CO MP ONEN TS

Any interruptio n of=e protective Factory selecte d co mp on e nts a re indicated on the

schematic and replacea ble p arts list with an aster-
(grounding) conducto r (inside or o utside
sk (*) immediately follow ing th e re fe ren ce desig-
the instrument) or disconnection of the
nator. The nominal value of the compo nent is
protective earth terminal is likely to
listed. Table 5-1 li sts th e pa rts by refer e nce desig-
make the instrum ent dangerous. Inten- n ator and pr ovides an explanation of how the
tional interruption is prohibited.
co mp onent i s se lected, the normal value range
Any adj ustment, maintenance and re- and r e fer e nce to the appropriate service sheet.
pair of the ope ned instrum ent unde r The Manual Changes supplement will update any
voltage should be avoided as much as ch an ges to f acto ry se l ecte d co mpo n ent
possible and, when inevitab le, s ho uld be information.
carried o ut only by s killedper son who
is aware of the hazard involved. 5-5. AD JU ST MEN T LOCATIO N S
Capacitors inside the instrument may All the adj ustments for the Power Meter are con-
still be charged even if the instrument tain ed on the 4 asse mbly e xcept the front panel
has been disconnected from its source of CAL ADJ co ntrol a nd POWER REF OUTPUT
s upply.
level co ntrol. The last foldout in this manual con-
tains ta ble which c ross-references all pictorial
Make sure that only fuses with the and schematic locat ions of the adj ustment con-
required rated c urre nt and of the speci- trols. The accompanying figure shows the 1-
fied t ype (s low blow, tim e del ay, etc.) are tions of the adj ustable controls, assemblies and
used fo r replacement. The use ofrepaired chassis-mounted parts.
Adj ustments Model 435

Ta b le 5-1 . F acto r y Selecte d Com p onents

Service
Basis ( Selection S h eet

A3R5 i s selected for power reference output of 1 mW 5

(into 50) if this value is outside the adj ustment r ange
of LEVEL ADJ A3R4.

See Mul tivibrator Adj ust ment (paragraph 5-7). 2

A4R12, R16 41112 a nd R16 are selected for correct zero carryover
between ranges . See Zero Carryover Test (paragraph
4-6) for t h e limits for each range.

A4R66 A4R 66 is selected for full-scale r eadin g (100 m W)

with an accurate 10 mW input after compl eting P ower
Meter Adj u stments with Calibrato r (see paragraph 5-
9). Hewlett-Pack a rd reco mmends using Model
11683 Calibr ator to achieve the needed accuracy for
selecting t hi s resistor. The DVM reading at the P ower
Meter's RECO RDER OUTPUT will be 1000 3 mVdc
with t h e correct resistor in place .

A4VR1, VR2 A4VR 1 and VR2 are selected to achieve acc uracy on
the top two ranges when the acc uracy on other ra nges
i s within specifications . See Instrumentation
Accuracy Test with Calibrator (paragraph 4-7) for the
limits for each range.
 Mo d e l 435 Adj ast ments

AD JU ST MENTS

5-6. PO WER REFEREN C E OSCI LLATO R LEVEL AD JU ST MENT

t
REFERENCE : Serv ice S heet 5.

DE SC RIPTI O N: Th e po wer r e feren ce oscill ator output is factory -a dju sted to 1 mW 0.7% u s in g
s p eci a l measuremen t system accurate to 0.5% (t r aceabl e to th e Nat ional Bureau of
Sta nd a rd s) a nd all owing fo r 0.2% tr an s fe r error. To en s ur e max imum acc ur acy in
r ea djusting th e power refer e nce oscillator, the foll owin g proce dure pro vides step-by-
step in structi o n s for using s p ecifi e d Hewl ett-P ac k ard in strum e nts ofkn ow n ca p ab il-
ity. If equiv al e nt i nstrum e nts are use d , s ignal acqui s iti o n criteri a ma y v ary and
r eferen ce sho uld be made to th e ma nufacturer 's g ui delin es for oper ating t he
equipmen t.

The Power Mete r may be returned to the n earest HP office to have
the power refe ren ce oscillator checked and/or adjusted. Refe r to
Section II, PACKAGING.

HP 435
P O WER ME TER P O WER METER 1 v com p1
------="1 L__
__ J

POWER RE F T HERM ISTO R
OUTPUT M OUNT i V RF
L_ _J

F igure 5-1 . Power R eference Oscillator Level Adjustment Setup

EQ UIPMENT: P ower Meter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HP 432A

Th e rmistor Mount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HP 478A-H75
Di g ital Voltmeter (DVM) . . . . . . . HP 3455A

PROC EDURE: 1. Set up the DVM to measure resi sta nce a nd co nnect t he DVM b etween th e VRF
co nn ecto r on th e r ea r p a n el o f th e 432 and pin 1 on t h e t h ermi stor mo unt end of
th e 432 inter conn ect cabl e.

2. Round off the DVM indi cati on to two decimal pl aces and record this v alu e as th e
intern a l brid ge res istan ce (R) 6f th e 432 (appro xim ate ly 200 o hms) .

3. Conn ect th e 432 to th e Po wer Mete r as s h own in Figure 5-1 .

4. Set t h e P ower Meter LINE switc h to ON (in) and th e P OWER REF sw itch to O FF.
Th e n, wai t thir t y minutes for the 432 th ermistor mo unt to stabiliz e before pro-
cee din g to t he n ex t step .

5. Set t h e 432 RANG E swi tch to COAR SE ZERO and adju st th e fro nt- p an e l
CO ARS E ZER O co n tro l to o btain zer o meter indi catio n.

5-3
Adj ustmen ts Model 435

AD JU ST MENTS

5-6 . P O WER REFEREN C E OSCI LL ATO R LEVEL AD JU ST MENT (Cont'd)

6. Fin e z e ro th e 432 on the most sen s itiv e ran ge, th e n set t he 432 RANG E swi tc h
to 1 mW.

Ensure that the D VM input leads are isolated from chass is
gro und wh en perfo rming the n ex t step.

7. Set up t he DVM to meas ur e mi cr ovo lts a n d co nn ect th e pos itiv e and n egat ive
input leads, res p ectiv ely , to th e VC and VRF co nnectors on the rear p a nel ofth e
432 .

8. O b se rv e t he indicati on on t h e DVM. If l ess t h a n 400 micr o vo lts, proceed to the

nex t ste p . If 400 mi cr o vo lts o r greater , press and h old th e 432 FINE ZERO
s wi tc h and adj u st th e CO ARS E ZER O co n tro l so t h at t h e DVM indi cates 200
mi cro v ol ts o r l ess . Then r el ease t he FINE ZERO sw itch and pr ocee d to t he next
ste p .

9. R o und o ff t he DVM indi cati on to t h e near est micr ov o lt and reco rd this v a lu e as
VO.

10. Di sconn ect t he DVM n egativ e inpu t l ead fr o m th e V RF co nn ector on the 432A and
reco nn ect i t to c h assi s g ro und.

11. Set th e Po w er Mete r P O WER REF swi tc h to ON and r ecord t he indi cati o n
observ e d on t he DVM as Vcomp.

12. Disco nnect th e DVM n egat ive input lead from ch assi s gr ound and r econnect it to
t h e VRF conn ecto r on t h e rear p a n el o fthe 432. Th e DVM is now set up to meas ure
V 1 whi ch repr ese nts th e p ower refe ren ce oscillator out pu t l ev e l.

13. Cal c ul ate t he v alu e o f V1 equ a l to 1 milliw att fro m t h e follo win g equ ati o n:

V1 - V = VCO n np - ( VCO M p)2 - (10 -3) (4 R ) (EFFE C TIVE EFFIC IENCY)

Wher e:

Vo = previo u s ly r ecord e d v alue

Vco m p = previ o us ly r ecorded v a lu e

10-3 = 1 milliw att

R = previ o u s ly r ecor de d v alue

EFFE C TIVE EFFI CIEN C Y = v alu e fo r th ermistor mo un t at 50 MHz (tr acea bl eto
the N ation a l Bureau of Sta nd a rds) .

14. Re mo v e th e Po wer Mete r to p co ver and adj ust LEVEL ADJ p oten t i o meter A3 R4
so t hat th e DVM indicates th e cal c ulated valu e o f V i .

5-4
 Model 435 Adjustmen ts

ADJUSTMENTS

5-6. P OWER REFEREN C E OSCI LLATO R LEVEL ADJU ST MENT (Cont'd)

TYPICAL 1. ACC URACY

CALCULATIONS:
DVM Measurements: (V comp) 0.018%
(HP 3455 -90 d ays, 23C 5C)
(V 1 - Vo) 0.023%
(R) 0.03%

Math Assumptions: 0.01%

EFFE CTIVE EFFICIENCY C AL (NBS): 0.5%
MISMATCH UNCERTAINTY :
(Source & Mount SWR <_1.05) 0.1%
< .7%

2. MATH ASS UMPTI ONS:

2Vc (V 1- ) + V 2- 1 2
RF =
(4R) (EFFECTIVE EFFI CIENCY)

Assume: V 2- 1 2=-( 1 - )2

Sin ce: -(V 1 -V ) 2 = V1 2 +2V1V -V 2, and

we wan t: V 2 - V 1 2, then
theerroris: (-V 1 2 +2V , V - V 2)-(V 2 - V 1 2 )=-2V 2 +2V ,V =2V(V1 -V)
if 2V (V 1- V) < < 2C (V1 - V) i .e., V < < Vc , error is n eg ligible

Vc - 4 v olts. If V < 400 V, error is <0.01%.

(typi cally Vo can be set to <50 V.)

3. Derivation of Formula for V1- V

2V (V1- V)+ V 2- l2
RF =
(4R) (EFFECTIVE EFFICIENCY)

Desired RF = 1 MW =10-3
+ 2-- l2
:.1 -3 = 2 (1- o)
(4R) (EFFECTIVE EFFI CIENCY)

Let (4R) (EFFECTIVE EFFICIEN C Y) (10 -3) =

S ubstitute - (V1 - V)2 for Vo 2 - V1 2 (see math Assumptions under Accuracy)
Then 0 = (V1- V) 2 -2V (Vi - V)+

(or V 1 - V = Vc - c ) 2-
Adj u st men ts Mo del 435

ADJU STMENTS

5-7 . MUL TIVI BRATO R ADJU STMEN T

REFERENC E : Service S heet 2.

DE SC RIPTI O N: FRE Q p ote ntiomete r 41176 is adj u ste d to set th e r e fe ren ce fre qu en c y of th e mul t ivi-
br ator whi c h driv es t he ph ase d etecto r and t h e FET p ower sen sor .

4 7 48
4 4

OSCI LL OSCO PE
R ANGE
435 CALIBRATO R CO UNTER
P OWER
METER


POWER
ME TER

F igure 5-2. Mu lt ivi b rator A d j u stme nt Set up

E Q UIPMENT : R a n geCalibr ato r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HP 11683

HP 5314
Coun ter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oscill osco p e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HP 1740A

PR OC EDURE: 1. . P ower Mete r switch settin gs:

C AL FAC TOR . . . . . . . . . . 100%
P O WER REF . . . . . . . . . . . OFF
LINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ON
b. R a n ge Ca librator sw itch settings:
FUNC TI O N . . . . . . . . . . . . C ALIBRATE
PO LARITY . . . . . . . . . . . . . N ORMAL
LINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ON
. Oscill osco p e s wi tc h sett in gs:
C H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.05 V / Div. AC coupl e d
CH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 V / Div.
TIME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.5 ms/Div.
Di s play . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cho pp ed - C h. tri gger

2. Co nnect the e quipm ent as sh own in Fi gure 5-2 .

3. Adj u st oscilloscope pos iti on con t ro l s to sup erimp ose wa v e fo rm s. E stablis h

h o riz ontal grid lin e as D C a v er age of the 4 waveform by turnin g the 11683
MO DE to S TANDBY and p os iti onin g th e C h annel trace on th e lin e. Set th e
11683 b ac k to C ALIBRATE . Turn th e osc ill oscope h oriz on ta l MAG NIFIER to
10 so that t ime calibr at i on will b e 50 As/div . See Figure 5-3 .

5-6
Model 435 Adj ustments

AD JU ST MENTS

5-7. MULTI VI BR ATO R AD JU ST ME NT (Cont' d)

HO R IZO N TA L REFEREN C E

`Z ER O C R OSSO VER
\ 7
WAVE

Fig u re 5-3. 220 Hz Zero Crossover

4. Adj ust A4R76 so that the z ero crossover lags the square wave by 150 10 As .

5. Check t hat the counter measures 220 12 Hz at 8. If necessary, adj ust 41176
for compromise between frequency and phase.

6. If the conditions of ste ps 4 and 5 cannot be met, change A 4C11* or A4C14* as

follows:
. If t he frequency at 8 is too high, change C14* to 0.01 F.

b. If t he frequency t 8 i s too l ow, change C11* to 0.0082 F.

. Repeat steps 4 and 5.

Adj u st men ts Mo d el 435

ADJUSTMENTS

5-8. P OWER METER ADJU ST MENTS W IT H 50 P OWER S EN SO R

N OTES
This adjustment s hould only be performed when t he HP Mode l
11683 Range Calibrator is not available.
If the adj ustments are to be co nsidered valid, the Powe r Mete r
must have half h our wa rmup and t he line voltage must be
within +5 to -10% of n omin al.

REFERENC E : Service S heets 2 and 3.

DE SC RIPTI O N: 1. Th e Ba l an ce co ntrol i s ce n tere d to r e mov e th e do o ffset in t ro du ce d by t he Au to

Zer o c ir cui t.

2. Th e DC O ffset con t ro l r emoves any d o v oltage in tr o duced by th e DC Amplifi er.

3. Th e C AL ADJ co ntro l i s u se d to set l evel of +1 .00 Vdc at th e rear p a nel
RE CO RDER OUTPUT j ack wi t h full scal e input.
4. Th e Meter co ntr ol sets t h e meter readin g to full scal e wh en t h e RE CO RDER
OUTPUT l ev el is +1.00 Vd c.
5. Th e Au to Zer o Offset a dj ustme n t removes a ny d o v o l tage intr odu ce d by th e Auto
Zer o circuits wh en th e ZERO s wi tch is pressed .

6. TheBa l an ce co ntr ol ce nter s t he Auto Zer o c ir c uits output vo ltage r a nge. Th e Au to

Ze ro output i s fo r ce d to its negativ e extr e me and the B al a nce contro l sets the
RE CO RDER O UTPUT v oltage bel ow cen te r-r a n ge (+1 .00 Vdc) by o n e-h alf the
total r an ge.

HP 435
P OWER ME TER
(SIDE P ANEL)
DIGITA L VO LTMETER
RE CO RD ER O UTPUT
(REAR PANEL)

POWER . INPUT
S EN SO R
L
F igure 5-4. P ower M eter Adjustment Setup with 50 P ower Sensor

EQ UIPMENT: Di gi ta l Vo ltmeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HP 3455A

Powe r Se nso r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HP 8481/ or 8482/

PR OCEDURE: 1. Set t h e LINE switch to O FF, wai t few seco nd s, and adj u st th e mech anical mete r
z ero con t ro l for meter rea din g of z e ro.
2. Set t he DVM RANG E switc h to 1 Vdc.

3. Set t h e Po wer Meter C AL FAC TO R switch to 100%.

4. Re mo v e th e righ t si d e co ver of th e P o wer Meter and conn ect t he e quipm e nt as
sho wn in Fi g ure 5-4 .

5-8
Mo d e l 435 Adj u st ments

ADJU STMEN TS

5-8 . POWER MET ER ADJU ST MENTS WITH 50 P OWER S EN SOR (Cont'd)

5. Set t he LINE swi tch to (ON).

B efo re proceeding with the adj ustment, connect the input of
frequency counter (such as the 5314) to 7 r 8 and verify
t hat the multivibrator frequency is 220 12 Hz. Ifthe frequency is
incorrect, perform the Multivibrator A djustment (5-7).

6. Ce nter th e Po w e r Meter B al a nce Con tro l A4 R 46.

7. Set th e P owe r Meter RANG E s wi tc h fully cw a nd adj u st A4 R 32, DC O ffset co ntr ol ,

fo r DVM readin g o f 0 0.2 mVd c.
8. Set t h e RANG E s witc h to t he p os i ti o n indicated in the tabl e b e lo w; set t he r ea r
p a nel P OW ER REF switch to (ON).

Power Sensor R ANGE Switch Posit i on

8481 and 8482 ( r emo ve attenu ator ) 1

8481, 8482, 8481, 8482 1 mw

8485 (HP 1250-1250 Ada pter r equired) 1 mw

8484 (HP 11708 Re fer ence Atte nuator r equired) 1 W

9. Adj ust t he fro nt p anel C AL ADJ control to r ea d 1.000 0.001 Vdc on t he DVM.

10. Adj u st A4R 35, Meter con t ro l, to giv e full-scal e meter r ea din g.

11. Set th e rear p an el P O WER REF switch to O FF; set th e RANGE s wi tc h to t h e

p osi t ion indicated in th e ta bl e b e l o w.

P owe r Sensor R ANGE Switch Positon

8481 a nd 8482 ( re m ov e atte nuato r) 3W

8481, 8482 , 8481, 8482 3 mW

8485 (HP 1250-1250 Ad apter requir ed) 3 mW

8484 (HP 11708 Refe rence Attenu ator require d) 3 W

Adj ustments Model 435

1~1i7i~~1 ~9

5-8 . PO WER MET ER AD JU ST MENTS WIT H 50 P O WER S EN SO R (Cont' d)

12. Press the front p anel ZER O switch, h old it in, a nd adj ust the Auto. Zero Offset
contro l A 4R42 for DVM reading of 0 1 mVdc.

13. Set the RANGE s witch to the p osition indicated in the table below; set the r ear
p anel PO WER REF switch to (ON).

Power Senso r R A N G E Switch P ositio n

8481 , 8482, (remove attenuato r) 1W

8481, 8482 , 8481 , 8482 1 1 mw

8485 (HP 1250-1250 Adapter required) 1 1 mw

8484 (HP 11708 Reference Atte nuator required)

14 . Press the ZERO switch, h old it in, and a dj ust the B alance Adj ustm e nt, A4R46,
until the DVM reading i s 961 1 mVd c.
M odel 435 Adj ustments

5-9. P OWER METER ADJU STMENTS W IT H CALI BR ATO R

If the adjustments are to be conside r ed valid, the Power Meter
must have h alf-ho ur warmup a nd the line voltage must be
within +5 to -10% of no minal.

REFERENCE: Service Sheets 2 and 3.

DESCRIPTION : 1. The Balance control is centere d to re mo v e the do offset introduced by the Auto
Zero circuits.

2. The DC Offset co ntrol removes any do voltage introduced by the DC Amplifier.

3. The CAL ADJ co ntrol is use d to set level of+1.00 Vdc at rear panel RECORDER
OUTPUT j ac k w ith full scale input from the Model 11683 Range Calibrator.

4. The Meter co ntrol sets the meter rea ding to full scale when the RECORDER
OUTPUT l eve l is +1.00 Vdc.

5. The Auto Zero Offset adjustment removes any do voltage that i s introduced by the
Auto Zer o circuits while the ZERO switch is presse d.

6. The Ba lance control centers the Auto Zero circuit's output voltage range. The Auto
Zero output is forced to its negat ive extreme. The Balance Control sets the
RE CORDER OUTPUT voltage below the center (+1.00 Vdc) by one-half the total
possible voltage swing.

435
P O WER ME T ER
RA N G E DIGITA L V O LT MET ER
CA L I BR ATO R RE CO R D ER O UT PUT
v 10 (RE A R P A NEL)_11%,

F igure 5-5 . P owe r Meter A d j u stme nt Setu p with Cali brato r

EQUIPMENT: Digital Voltmeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HP 3455A

Range Calibrator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HP 11683 (ONLY)

PROCEDURE: 1. Set the Power Meter LINE switch to OFF a nd adjust the mechanical Meter
Zero control for meter reading of zero.

2. Set the Power Meter switches as follows:

CAL FACTOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100%
RANGE position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . fully cw
POWER REF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . OFF
Adj ustments M odel 435

AD JU ST MENTS

5-9 . P O WER ME T ER AD JU ST MEN TS WIT H CA L I BR ATO R (Cont'd)

3. Set the R ange Calibrator RAN GE s witch to 1 mW, FUNCTION switch to

STANDBY, and POLARITY switch to NORMAL .

4. Set the DVM RANGE s witch to Vdc.

5. Remove the right side cover of the Power Meter, connect the equipment as shown
in Figure 5-5 and set the LINE switch to ON .

Befo re proceeding with the adj ustm ent, connect the input of
frequency counter (such as the HP 5314) to 7 or 8 and
verify t hat the multivib r ator frequency is 220 12 Hz. If the
frequency is incorrect, perform the Multivibrato r Adj ustment
(5- 7).

6. Center the Power Meter Balance control, A4R46.

7. Adj ust A4R32 DC Offset control for DVM reading of 0 0.2 mVdc.

8. Set the Power Meter RANGE switch 5 turns from the fully ccw position.

9. Set the Range Calibrator FUNCTION switch to CALIBRATE.

10 . Adj ust the Power Meter front panel C AL ADJ control for DVM reading of 1000
1 mVdc.

11 . Adj ust the M eter control A4R35 for full-scale meter reading.

12 . Set the Range Calibrator FUNCTION switch to STANDBY.

13 . Set the Power Meter RANGE s witch fully ccw, press and hold the ZERO switch,
and adj ust A4R42 Auto Zero Offset control for DVM reading of 0 1 mVdc.

14 . Set the P ower Meter RANGE switch 5 turns from the fully ccw position; set the
Range Calibrator's FUNCTION switch to CALIBRATE.

15. Press and hold the Power Meter ZERO switch and adj ust the A4R46 Balance
control for DVM reading of 961 3 mVdc.
Model 435 Replaceable P arts

S ECTIO N VI
REPLACEA BLE PARTS

6-1 . I NT ROD U CTIO N f. The ma nufacture r's number for th e part.

Thi s section contains information for ordering
r eplacement parts for t he P ower Meter. T able 6-1 The total qu a ntity for each part i s given only once;
lists abbreviations used in the parts list and at t h e fir st appearance of the part number in t he
throughout the manual. T able 6-2 lists all replace- list.
able parts in reference designato r order. T able 6-3
contains the names and addr esses that corre- 6-4 . FACTO RY S ELE CT ED PA RTS (*)
spond to the manufacturer's code number.
P arts ma rked with an asterisk (*) are factory
se l ected parts. The v alue listed in the parts list is the
6-2. ABBREVIATIONS nomin al value. Refer to Section V for information
Table 6-1 gives list of abbreviations u sed in t he on determining what value to use for replacement.
parts list, schematics and throughout the man-
ual. In some cases, two forms of the abbr eviations 6-5 .
are given, one all capital letters and one partial or O RD ER I NG I NST RU CTIO N S
no capitals. Thi s occurs because the abbr eviations To order part liste d in t he replaceable parts
in the parts list are always all capitals. H owever, table, quote the H ewlett-Packa rd p art number,
in the schematics and other parts of the manual, indicate quantity required and address the order
other abbr eviation forms are used with both lower to th e nearest H ew lett-P ac kard offi ce.
case and upper case l etters.
To order part that is not listed in t he replaceable
parts table, include the instrum ent model number,
6-3 . REPL AC E A BLE PA R TS LIST
instrument serial number, the descrip tion and
Table 6-2 i s the list of replaceable parts and is fun ction of t he part, and the number of parts
organiz ed as follows: r equired. Address the order to the n earest Hewlett-
Packard office .
. Elect rical assemblies and their components
in alph a-numeric order by reference designation.
b. Chassis-mounted parts in alpha-numeric Within t he USA, i t is better to order
order by reference designation. directly from t he HP P arts Center in Mt.
View, Californi a. Ask your nearest HP
c. Misce llaneous parts. office for i nformation and forms for the
"Direct Mail Order Syste m "
d. Illustrated parts breakdow n.

The info rm at io n give n for each part consists of the 6-6 . PA RTS PR O VISIO NI NG
following: Stockin g sp are parts for an instrum ent i s often
done to insure quick return to servi ce after mal
. The He wl ett-P ac k ard part number. fun ction occurs. H ewlett-Packard has "Spare
P arts Kit" available for t his purpose. The kit con-
b. The part number check digit (C D). sists of selected replaceable assemblies and com-
ponents for this instrum ent. The contents of t he
c. The total quant i ty (Qty) u se d in t he kit and the "Recommended Spares" list are based
instrum e nt. on failure reports and repair data, and parts sup-
port for one y ear. complimentary "Recom-
d. The descripti on of the part. mended S pares" list for this instrum ent may be
obtained on r equest, and t he "Spare P arts Kit"
e. Typical manufacturer of t he part in five- may be ordered through your nearest Hewlett-
digit code. P ackard offi ce.
Re pl aceable Parts Mo d e l 435

Table 6-1 . R eference Designations an d Abb reviations (1 of 2)

REFEREN CE D ESIG NATIONS

, . . . . . . . . . . asse mbly . . . . . . . mi scella neo us . . . e lectrica l conn ector U . . . integrated c ircuit ;

AT . , attenu ator; iso lator; electrical part (movab le p ortion) ; " . microcircuit
te rmination F . . . . . . . . . . . . . . fu se plug V . . . . . . . e lectron tube
Q, , . . . . . . . , fan ; m otor FL . . . . . . . . . . filter . . . . . . transistor: SC R ; VR . . . . voltage reg ulato r;
BT . . . . . . . . . . . battery . . . . . . . . . . . h ardware triode thyristor brea kd ow n d iode
C . . . . . . . . . . . capacitor . . . . . . . . . circulator R . . . . . . . . . . . . resistor W . . . . cable ; transmission
C P . . . . . . . . . . . co upler J . . . e lectri cal connector RT . . . . . . . . . the rmisto r p at h; wire
CR . . . . . . . d iode, diode (stationary portion); 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . switch .. . .. . . . . . sock et
thyristor; var acto r j ac k . . . . . . . . . transforme r .. . . crysta l unit (piezo-
DC . . . directional co upler TB . . . . . . termin al b oard electric or qu artz)
DL . . . . . . . . . delay lin e . . . . . . . . . . . . . relay T C . . . . . . thermocouple . . . . tuned cavity ; tuned
DS . . . . . . . annunciator; L . . . . . . . . coil ; in ductor . . . . . . . . . test point ci rcuit
signaling d evice . . . . . . . . . . . . . meter
(audible or visual) ; MP . . . . . . . miscellaneous
lamp ; LED mechani cal part

ABBREV IATIONS

. . . . . . . . . . . . amp er e CO EF . . . . . . . coefficient EDP . . . . . electroni c data . . .

. . . . . . . intern al
ac . . . . alternating curre n t COM . . . . . . . . . comm on processing kg . . . . . . . . k ilogram
. .
CO
ACCESS . . . . . accesso ry MP . . . . . co mp ositio n EL ECT . . . . . electrolyt ic kHz . . . . . . . kilohertz
. .
ADJ . . . . . . . adjustmen t COMPL . . . . . . . co mplete EN CA . . . . e nca psulated
P k . . . . . . . . . kilnhm
. .
/D
CO . . . . analog-to- digital NN . . . . . . . connecto r . . . . . . . . . external kV . . . . . . . . . kilovolt
. .
AF . . . . a u dio fre quency CP . . . . . . cadmium plate F . . . . . . . . . . . . . farad lb . . . . . . . . . . po und
. .
AFC . . . . . . . . auto matic CRT . . . cathode-ray tube FET . . . . . . . field-e ff ect LC . . . . . . inductance-
. .
ca frequency control CTL . . . . complementary trans isto r pacitance
AGC . . . . . auto matic gain transistor logic F /F . . . . . . . . .. fli p-flo p LED . . light-emitting diode
control CW . . . . . continuous wave FH . . . . . . . . flat head LF . . . . . . low frequency
AL . . . . . . . . . aluminum ew . . . . . . . . . c lockwise FIL . . . . . fi llister head LG . . . . . . . . . . . . . lo ng
ALC . . . . . automatic level e m . . . . . . . . . ce nti meter FM . . fr equ ency modulatio n LH . . . . . . . . . . left hand
control D / . . . . digital-to-analog FP . . . . . . . . fr o nt p an el LIM . . . . . . . . . . . . limit
AM . . . amp lit ude modula- dB . . . . . . . . . . . decibe l FREQ . . . . . . . fr equency LIN . . linea r ta per (use d
t dBm . . . . decibel referred F XD . . . . . . . . . . . fixed . in parts list)
AMPL . . . . . . . . ampl ifier to 1 mW g . . . . . . . . . . . . . g ra m lin . . . . . . . . . . . . linear
APC . . . . auto matic ph ase d o . . . . . . . direct current GE . . . . . . . . germanium LK WASH . . . lock washer
co ntrol d eg . . d egree (temperatur e GHz . . . . . . . . . gigahert z L O . . . low-, local oscillator
ASSY . . . . . . . . asse mbly interval or differ- GL . . . . . . . . . . . . . glass LOG . . . . l ogarithm ic tape r
U . . . . . . . . . auxiliary ence) GRD . . . . . . . groun d(ed) (used in par ts list)
g . . . . . . . . . . . average . .. . . . . . . degree (plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . henry log . . . . . . . . logrthm (ic)
AW G . . . . American wir e a ngle) h . . . . . . . . . . . . . . h our LPF . . . . . low pass filte r
ga uge C . . . . . . d eg ree Celsius . . . . . . . heterodyne L V . . . . . . . . low voltage
BAL . . . . . . . . . . balance (centigrade) HEX . . . . . . . . h exagonal m . . . . . . m eter ( d istance)
BCD . . . . . . bin ar y co ded of . . . . d egree Fahrenh eit HD . . . . . . . . . . . . . h ead mA . . . . . . . . milliampere
deci mal . . . . . . . degree Kelvin HDW . . . . . . . . h a r dware MAX . . . . . . . maximum
BD . . . . . . . . . . . . b oard DEPC . . d eposited carbon HF . . . . . . hig h fr equency . . . . . . . . . megohm
BE C U . . . . . . be ryllium DET . . . . . . . . . detector HG . . . . . . . . . . mercury MEG . . . . m eg (106) (used
copper diem . . . . . . . . . diameter Hi . . . . . . . . . . . . . high in p arts list)
BF O . . . . . beat fre que ncy DIA . . . diameter (used in HP . . . . . Hew l ett-P ackar d FL . . . . metal fi ln
pa oscillato r rts list) F . . . . . high pass filter MET OX . . metallic oxide
. . . . . . . . binde r hea d DIFF AMP L . . di ff erential HR . . . . . . . hour (used in MF . . . m edium freque ncy ;
BKDN . . . . . . breakdown amplifier . pa rts list) mcrofarad (use d i n
BP . . . . . . . . . . bandpass d . . . . . . . . . . . division HV . . . . . . . . hi gh voltage parts list)
B PF . . . . . ba ndP ass filte r DPDT . double-pole, Hz . . . . . . . . . . . . Hertz MFR . . . . . . manufacture r
BR S . . . . . . . . . . . brass doub le-t hrow IC . . . . i ntegrated circuit mg . . . . . . . . . milligram
B W O . . . . . backwa rd-wave DR . . . . . . . . . . . . drive ID . . . . . . i nsi de dia meter MHz . . . . . . . . m egah ert z
oscillator DSB . . . . do ub le sideband IF . . . . . . . intermediate mH . . . . . . . . . millihen ry
CA L . . . . . . . . . calibrate DTL . . . . d io d e transistor freq uency mh o . . . . . . . . . . . . mh o
c . . co unter-cloc kwise logic IMPG . . . . . i mpreg nated MIN . . . . . . . . m inimum
C ER . . . . . . . . . . ceramic D V M . . . d i gital volt meter i n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . inch min . . . . . minute (time)
C . . . . . . . . . c hannel E CL . . . e mitter co upled
. INCD . . . . . inca ndesce n t . .. . . . minute (p lane
cm . . . . . ce nti mete r logic INCL . . . . . . . include(s) angle)
C M6 . . cabnet m o unt only EMF . . electromotive force . . . . . . . . . . . i nput . . . . . . . miniature
COAX . . . . . . . . . coax ial INS . . . . . . . . insulation mm . . . . . . . . m illi meter

All abbreviations 1 the parts list will be 1 up per-case.

6-2
 Mo de l 435 R eplaceable Parts

Table 6-1 . R eference Designations an d Abbreviations (2 of 2)

MOD . . . . . . . modulator O D . . . . . o utside diameter P WV . . . . . . p ea k wo rking TD . . . . . . . . . t im e delay

MOM . . . . . . momentary OH . . . . . . . . . oval head vo ltage TERM . . . . . . . . terminal
MOS . . . . . . . metal-oxide OP L . . . operational RC . . . . . . . . . resistance- TFT . . thin-film tr ansistor
semiconductor ampli fier capacita nce TGL . . . . . . . . . . . toggle
ms . . . . . . . . millisecond OPT . . . . . . . . . . o ption R ECT . . . . . . . . r ecti fier THD . . . . . . . . . . thread
MTG . . . . . . . . m ounti ng OSC . . . . . . . . . oscill ato r REF . . . . . . . . . reference THRU . . . . . . . . through
MTR . . . meter (indicating OX . . . . . . . . . . . . oxide RE G . . . . . . . . . regulate d TI . . . . . . . . . . titanium
device) o z . . . . . . . . . . . . oun ce REPL . . . . . . replaceable TOL . . . . . . . . . tolerance
mV . . . . . . . . . . millivolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . o hm RF . . . . . radio frequency TRIM . . . . . . . . trimm er
mVac . . . . . . millivolt, ac . . . . p ea k (used in parts RFI . . . . r adio frequ ency TSTR . . . . . . . transisto r
mVdc . . . . . . milli volt, do list) in terf erence TTL . . transisto r -trans isto r
mVp k . . . . millivo lt, pea k PAM . . . . p ulse-amplitud e RH . . . . round head ; right logic
mVp- . . . mill ivolt, p eak- modulation hand TV . . . . . . . . . television
to-pea k PC . . . . . . printed circuit RLC . . . . . . . . r esista nce- TVI television interference
mVr ms . . . . millivolt, rms PCM . . pulse-code modula- inductance- W . . . traveling wave tub e
mW . . . . . . . . . milliwatt tion; pu lse-co un t capacitance U . . . . m ic ro (10r6) (used
MU X . . . . . . . multiplex mod ulation RM O . . . rack mount only i n parts list)
MY . . . . . . . . . . . . m ylr PDM . . . . . pulse-duration rm s . . . . r oot-mean-squ are OF . . . mi crofarad (used in
. . . . . . . microa mp ere modulation RND . . . . . . . . . . . roun d parts list)
AF . . . . . . . . m ic rofarad
PIP . picof arad R OM . . rea d-o nl y memory UHF . , ultrahigh frequ e ncy
. . . . . . . . mcrohenry R phospho r b ronz e R& . . . . . r ack and panel UNRE G . . . . unreg ul ated
mh o . . . . . . . micromho PHL . . . . . . . . . . Phill ip s RWV . . reverse wo rk i ng V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vo lt
s . . . . . . . . microsecond PIN . . . positive-intrinsic- vo ltage V A . . . . . . . . voltarnpere
V . . . . . . . . . microvolt negat ive 5 . . . scattering parameter Vac . . . . . . . . . volts, ac

V ac . . . . . . microvol t, ac PIV . . . . . . . p ea k i nverse s . . . . . . . . seco nd (time) VAR . . . . . . . . . . variable
Vdc . . . . . microvolt, d o voltage . seco nd (p la ne angle) V CO . . . vol tage-co ntrolled
V pk . . . microvol t, p eak
S- pk . . . . . . . . . . . . . p eak . . . . slow-blow (fu se) oscillator
(V- . . . microvolt, peak- PL . . . . . . . . . phase loc k used { parts li st) Vdc . . . . . . . . . volts, do
SC to-peak P LO . . . . . . . . phase lock R . . . silicon co ntrolled V DC W . . vo lts, dc, working

Vrms . . . . mi crovolt, rm oscillator rectifier; screw (used in p arts list)
W . . . . . . . . . microwatt PM . . . . p hase m odulat ion SE . . . . . . . . . . selenium V( F ) . . . . . . volts, filtered
. . . . . . . . nanoampere . . . posi tive-negative- S EC . . . . . . . . sections VF O . . vari able-frequency
NC . . . . . . no co nnection posit ive S EMICO N . . . . . semicon- osci llator
/C . . . . normally closed / . . . . . . . . . . P art of ductor V HF . . . . . . very-hig h fr e-
. . . . . . . . . . . . neo n P OLY . . . . . . poly styrene SHIP . . . . . . superhigh fre- quency
NE G . . . . . . . . . negative P ORC . . . . . . . . po rcelain qu ency Vpk . . . . . . . . vo lts, p ea k
nF . . . . . . . . . nanofarad POS . . p ositive ; position(s) SI . . . . . . . . . . . . sil ico n V- . . vol ts, pea k-to-p ea k
PL . . . . . . nic kel pl ate (used in parts list) SIL . . . . . . . . . . . . silver Vrms . . . . . . . vo lts, rm s
/ . . . . . norm ally o pen 5 . . . . . . . . p ositio n SL . . . . . . . . . . . . . slide VS W R . . . voltage standing
NOM . . . . . . . . nomi nal POT . . . . . pote ntiometer SNR . . signal-to-noise ratio wave ratio
NORM . . . . . . . . normal - . . . . . . . peak-to-peak S PDT . . . . . . single-pole, VTO . . . . . . vo ltage-t uned
. . . negative-positive- PP . . . pea k-to-pea k (used d ouble-throw oscillato r
negati ve in parts l ist) SPG . . . . . . . . . . . spring VTV M . . . . vacuum-tube
. . . . negative-positive PPM . . . . . pulse- positio n SR . . . . . . . . . . sp lit rin g vo ltmeter
SPS zero (zero temp era- m od ul atio n T . . . . . . single- pole, V( ) . . . . . volts, switched
tur e coe fficient) P RE AMPL . . . p reamp li fier sin gle-th row W . . . . . . . . . . . . . . watt
SS
NRFR . . n ot recommended PRF . . . . pulse-re petition B . . . . . single sideband W/ . . . . . . . . . . . . . with
for field re place- fre quency SST . . . . . . stainless steel WI V . . . . working inverse
voltage m ent PRR . . . . pulse repetition STL . . . . . . . . . . . . steel
N SR . . . . . not separately rate SQ . . . . . . . . . . . square WW . . . . . . . wirewoun d
rep l aceable ps . . . . . . . . . picosecond S W R . . standing-wave r atio W/o . . . . . . . . . wit hout
ns . . . . . . . . . nanosecond PT . . . . . . . . . . . . p oint SYNC . . . . . . synchronize YIG . . Yttrium -iron-garn et
n W . . . . . . . . . tt . . . . . . . . pulse-time . . ti med (slow-blow fuse) . . . . . . . characte ristic
OBD . . . o r der by desc rip- modulation TA . . . . . . . . . . ta nta lum impedance
tion P WM . . . . . . . pul se-width TC . . . . . . . . temperatur e
co modu lation mpensatin g

All abb reviations in the parts l ist will b e in upper-case.

MULTI PL I ER S
Ab breviation Prefix Mu lti p le
te rs 10 12
G giga 109
m ega 106
k kilo 10 3
da d eka 10
d deci 10-1
centi 10-2
m milli 10 -3
micro 10-6
10 -9
P ico 10 -12
f fem to 10 -15
atto 10 -18

6-3
Repl aceable Pa r ts Mo de1435B

Ta ble 6-2. R e p lacea b le P arts

P art c Mfr
Reference
Designation N umber ~ aty Description Co d e
Mfr P art N umber

1 ~4 :i5-6 1()35 1 1 S WT'( : 1 > =~.- 2 43 04 ;55--6 13 =,:1 .

.:'1 ~1811 - -0374 3 CAF' C --~ ~1~"~-~1~ 3 ) VDC ' 5~ )fl9 1`,""' 1)1 65'C1 ^.. 1 ~?

C2 ~1 f 30 -- 2!9 7 2 CAPAf.: :('f( :117-~~ " 33LIFe --1 U 10 VUC '-.'i62139 ' 5 1 D '3 ;5 , 90i : ;
i[:3 '180-1'%4 1 CC R-f' D 15 .1 ~ +-1 2(1VDC 1' .".- 6 .'.89 '.': ~D 5''~20 2
4711 "+ -' "/. GVDf.: 1' 5289 1 =,: (1D4 6900 ;3 !
' 1:4 18 ~-1704 CA PAC :['( :1 7- - F

1. '1 200~-~ ;'08 0 SOC1(7--1:C -C 1' D:C ~-SL. D I 2 4!3 2~l1--~` f:3
"

1 1 0757-~346 1 :i RE S7:~'i'T11 R 10 "/. ,'!S W F' C=:: . . :-1 0 1.'!454 C4~-~1/ 3- 1 --;'.0 - F'
' F1'~L1R 10 1 ,12`,'iW F' 'C'~~~~ ~F~-~ 00 .'.45 : ..1/0--' -- '1 R~-F
' 2 ~'757- ;346
1R3 17` 7- 3 Rf S' ' 2 '111 i . 2. W ' ' ,=:' .+ . ...1 11 '4 .`i 46 C4-~i/ --' --' R 1 - -f-
R FS:1:S'R 11 1 ,125 W F 1' : ::~~:(1 +--1 1 ""='.4`: 6 C:4w1/-'1 -~ 20~-f'
~ 12 4 1 '% 57 ~~- 0;34
A1 R5 75'7-034f.> 2 ( ' (:)R 1 ,'J13`.iW F' :=:: :- - 1 2S46 C4 .. .i/: . ...~ . . ..'40R1i .. . . .

(1757--0 ;346 2 F::S~5'T1 :1R iU 1 , !':~W f' :~~'11i--100 '4

: C: ~~ /~-'f -~' (JR~1 -- F
A1 R F -. f '
1 R7 7`.7-- 1 ;34 3 R:5 'C1R 1(1 '/. ,125 W F' : ;~= + -10 24~4 C4- /~-' -' 0R
'1 R8 0'%57-~ ;34 2 R1C: 'R 1 '. ,11.=.S W F" 7 .;-::0~ - -10 2 ".4 1/ - ~-111R ~- F
-
112'7 7`i7- ;:S46 ^ RE :SIi l7f2 '!1 1"/, ,'~=.':i W F" '[ ; : +~1(1(1 24546 C4-- /8--1'~1--10R11 -~-'
R10 '%57-- ;34 2 RE:S :C','. 2 1 1"/. ,1 ::'iW F~ 1(:~=~~ +- 11 34':i46 (: ~. /~-' ~ --'1 211 -- F

'~R11 '757- 346 2 R C:'. : !: ' i 7. ,it.'. .`.''iW " 'C~= +" -- 00 24~ 46 C--' /- -'f(1--10 Rf1- f"
'1R12 '%57-0 ;34 2 R E:S :[S' ~12 1 1 , 25W F ' :: : :: +-1 24`:1 :-1/8 -?7~-iU1"!~~-f'
iq 1 . . .2'.'..~W C='~~-~100 .'.454 ::4--~/ " 1- 0R0~-F"
A1 R13 ~ 117 fi7~-034~ 2 R f:S37~1R

R14 ~'%57~-0346 ^c RF S75' f11 R 1 1 ,12f-.'i W F 'f ;= :: ~ ~-1 !~" 4 C;^-1/~ -'~li~-111 R 11- '
1t15 1'%57--034f., 2 f2CGI'7 R ' 11 ~ !S W "' '~C-: " 1 --i 25., C --' /8-~' ~-10RU~-1-

.
iR16 ~ 57~- 27 0 R 551'UR 3,'16( 1 ,1 t5 W F' '.=: -~1 154 ; -1/ ~-1' 1 - -.51,'. -F
". '%- ',i 2F' :[5 f2 ' ( 1 ,12`:i W F' C=~~~-i 254 C4 ~' /F1-' ~-~00 ? - '
A1 R 1'% 1'%,, -( 28 ;3
iR18 '%57~-01'79 0 R S~STOR 3 .16 1 ,13`i W f' ' C= +--1 1 2 '.'.'- 6 C4-- /-- ' "' ;31 b' -f'
'1R' 9 0757--0279 R fC~3~ ~': 12 ;3, < 1"/. ,125W F 'fC=0~-1 24 :346 C ~ 1/ ~-' ~0--'316' -1"

1','3' ;310 1 :! SW :C7CH- - R 0'TA RY 0,f:1i2 'STRI.IT .;1'R S ~:f.)1 i 2F34fl0 ;31 ~-1 f
2 9 --0016 :i
2750- ' ~-~.'X L ~~ D7iLNf.;4 3/-'3~-~' ~'/, 44j~ - -' ~18
10 (]R~) F R 08 D f.':~][' f2 : F' : : :)
AY f i2 ;S10 U- '% SW I TC--RU7A R Y 1 .5 2 51' 2~ ;'2 !3 F'CG ib !0148( 3-16i7
2' 90~- ~16 ;3 W 5MER~- LK 'f1-. 'f 3/ 1 , ;3'%7-- --7:D 25:148 21'O--OUt6
2F ~-0001 3 ~7-- -- ) F! . .. - - 7 3/8-3r^^- - 4 D ,11'7 ~~1: -~'f ~ ) C1 F2F)fR ~: D f: CR f'f :1.~ :)

; ~ ~ ~ ~ '
' S5 G ~

'3 ~ 435--6 0 ;5 0 1 F' L7Wf: R RE: F~f :R f :: C ; !: OSC :. L. L.ATCJf2 ' ~". d.- 2 : 44 ()-'3'.' --1 ;5

A3Ci 111 --387'J 7 C:AFAI: :f.' R~-f' D .1 ]l1F +-~211 ill Vli1: C -_R 2':1 01 ~-3~179
3C2 1' 6U--33 . CF' '. 'R--F'UT FiR U ~ F ' F' + 4 -~2 2 V .'. 348 1-'3 ;3
' b0--;31)3 CAI'AC :C'T11 R--F'D'2 L1 51' F' + 1) - ~' V ^.. flACO l1 ~ 0-30 :36
3(:;3
A3Cq 60-3879 7 : F'AC; :1:'f1 :117-F' , 11F +- -2 1U VUC CFl7 '.84i11 '1 1-3f. '7'
~' 0- ;31: 79 7 CAfAC I ~f17 R- -f'X D ,lJ1l .IF + -1'~ OUV DC CE:R 3380 1 :0-3 1'%'7
:5

A3C6 -?( '! 1 'C' (:I R -~F ) ;3 F --` S 1J V Dl: C: 21: 48(1 ( 1 1-20t.'%
;5[7 ~6-~307 ~ 1 :1 'R -- F> 1 1 F +~~-'.; 3
U I1 V D (: ; 2. :1 f :10 ~'60 --3 '7 1
18 -10~ :3 1 CAPACI:1'C1 R - F D 4,'71,1~"+--1 "/. ':i ','i VUC : ' 5 289 ' 5( 4'% FiX90 ;5`: ~,'.
A;3CI:1
i C(::: [1R- 'X D , .'.FF +-~,25F'F 5011 V D f; CIL-.17 2[10 i --2e' .
-31:9 1 0-2255 1
-- :3073 6 '1 CAI' C7:'1R~-F ~ 10 1' +-21"/. '~IJO VAC; Cf_R 2348~ '1 ! - '%!
A3C10

3C11 01 -179 4 1 CF' C ' 1) R -- F' 0 ;33'1~~ +--,7. ;3Ul1 VDC C ?:413 1 ~ 60~-Oi7i'
3C12 10--387 "! 7 CC :[1~C1R-- FXU ,01 UF ',? 11111 VU1: CE:R 213480 ' 6~-313'79
'3C:73 '16 -4( 4 i [) ; ' R~~-F > 3'F' +~- " :3UU VDC GI_ ! 4f70 ~'1b U ~-40~
C-t[: :1:1'U R --F'XD ;'.(101'f" 4--5"/. 3(1lI V D 2: GL ?8480 f116f 1- 1'%
A3C14 11' 0- -4007 5

31:21 190i--051 i = .. DI1:11) --5 '.3 G 5C1-10' ~ 284!~~ '30 ~~05'~ F1

' 701-0518 ~ --5 5 [ ~CF1~'1' 284 1S -U 51 ES
A3CR2
D7:O7)[::~-VV C 82 F .`.' C2/ :2 _ :C ~=! DVR =211 V .'.S48~ 1 '2-0299
;St1R3 )'122- !99 9 ,1

A3 J ' 12.` ~--1220 0 1 C'CT~1 k -~RF S MC f'C -~ 2~ 48~ 12 ."- 0-1 .'..'. 1

'14 1- 144 0 1: NDl.IfIT1:1R Rf'-CFi -- M L- 4,7~ 'l0"/. .1 5D ,3 .-1; 2 43 'i' 4 -~1

A;3l..i
213 1 CO't L , V: < L 0 ~5 --8~11111
;5 -.1. U0436-~8000i 1
43f ~-!3110 2 2 1 CUIL, 3~~-1/2 TI JftS 284811 O f1436~- 3(2.
;3 ...3

f~ F~~~ L.~>-5 7 1 C4..L. 7 ~

-400 0043`'' - 0~'lll
:3 ''1 4:5- (1 ~~ 3
c^ W S -:12~-L '~ L. 7 , ,iC [-- ~- ) 2~:14fl U . '711--O ftA;3
~3 2 2i90 --11 f343 4
3';3 ?:51:10--0002 4 ' . t-'L -~~8L .~ C1 --3'-~ 'F1U . 5- -~' 2848 .580-1 (12
.'.'190~-0124 4 1 W A5FiCI:R--.. . .- 1' :1, 1~ , '3 - -- :C1) '.!: 43( 21'1 ~-1 12
;3 4
;3 '5 .! 30--~071 'i 1 ~7-- FIC:X-D FL- -CF 10-- :i2-'11D , 7-- ~- ' F !~:34(1 25'5 -011'% 3

;5 F'6 220-- i1 ;3 4 1 SC. R E. W - C 4-~4 ,f25- --1...G -- 1D~_( ~1111 0 (:1 R]>f :R ) .`:SI:R'J: F'
3 7 30 :1 --1 ( 79 3 '1 WSI311 :: --F' L. ~ . ,094- ~-~ D ,' 80 -- - - 7) 28480 3~~50~-D0'.79
;5 '7~20-- 99 Itil 1 4~-. _~ - ) ]: F`: "'.'ilr- :[ ~7) L. ! f:148 7i2 - 99

341 i 54- 24'7 9 i R :[57 5'1. --39 F'17=1 W ""=fl0 1 - 1. 2848 ' ` 4- ..''_ '%

1211f1-0' 73 L1 _'C1 R-- t7R ~ ~- L ., 21 8( i2011--01'%;5
A3Q2 1854-0810 2 b 7R :: : ' ~7 !:iI D=:.'.5 W F=20~ 7 2 48 ' 1 :31i4-9 E S :1 f 1

31 0757~-11442 9 `, Rf"S :[STIIR 11! .1'..?5W F" [1--~ ~ --1 '4`.'46 ~-1/ --''0--1 ~'."-F
- -4r
3R2 75'%--042' 4 RCS STOR 825 .12:~ W F' TC~~O+~-' !4`i46 C4--1 :8- -~1- k125
() ;111--32 ;34 9 ' R6:S I SCIR i01< 1 ,U SW PWW 1'C=- +-1 .115'4 1411~-1/ " . -1 bl)2- "
;3 73
C:3 ;1'UR~-'R12 1 i( C 5 D4"--~ J 1'%- -' R ~2111 4;3 1 f !
2. -- ;3' :4 '7 ?
f
A3 R4
;3 25* 113 1-- ;3 :581 7 1 RF :5I 57OR 7,i1< 7 . ,05W WW C= . . --1~ 238 b8' '1--33 ES1

See in trodu ction to thi s sect i on f o r o rd e ri ng in form at i on

f
* Indi cates actory sel ecte d valu e
6-4
Mo d el 435 R e pl aceabl e P a rts

Ta ble 6-2 . R eplaceable P arts

Reference HP P art Qty Descri p tion Mfr Mfr Part N umber

Designation N umber Cod e

3R6 0757--0440 7 1 R SI',: 1 R 7 .5 1% ,125 W F:' ']=0 -100 24546 C ... . 1/6-TV-7501
.. ... .
(3 7 069q.) --7284 5 2 RESISTOR TOOK 1% OSW F TC=O + -10 24546 C3,1/ 8 --'1' 0 -.10 0 3 ..- F
TOOK 1"/. ,125 W ` TC~O +- -10
A3R8 0757--04 5 6 4 RESISTO R 100 24546 C4 - - 1/8-TO-1003--F
--
';3R9 0698--7284 :'i RESISTOR 1% 0SW F TC= O+ - 0 24546 C3--1/8 . ... . .-1003 .. .F
31410 0757-0280 RESISTOR 11( %. . 25 ::' .= + -1 24546 C4- 1/8-TO-1001 - ::'

A .3R 11 757--0280 3 R 13 STO R 1% ,125W F 1'C1- 1 -1 2?4" 46 C4- 110-TO-1001--F

'
A3 R 12 '757-0442 9 R ESISTO R 10 . 2 ..' W F ' C= + -10(1 241546 C4 - 1/1) -- - -1002 --F
A3R13 0 698---0 0 83 8 RESISTOR 1 .96 1% ,125 W F"tC=0 + -10 24546 C ... 1 /0-..7 --1961-- F
3R14 075'7--039 (3 4 RESISTOR 75 1% .125 W F 1'C=O +- -'100 24546 C4-' /8-70-75 R (1- F
3 R 15 0698--3445 2 1 RESISTOR 348 , 25 F .= + - 101) 24546 C4 -1/8- (1- 34W-F

'3R16 04 98-- 4>364 RESISTOR 50 ,' ,125 W " TC=O + -25 26480 0690- 4,364

3 125 - 0 ( 1 CONNECTOR -SG L , C ' PIN 1 , 14- --BSC+-S SQ 28400 1,151 0600
3' 2 251-06 0 0 CONNECT R--SG L C PIN 1 .14 - -BSC-- 7 !] 2 [14 ( 12^- " 1-0 00

A3 U 1 1026-0013 6 IC (] AMP L O W -- OTS 1' --9'9 P KG 06665 S 6741 CJ

3L 2 20--0223 1 IC: OF' AMP GP ''(1-99 P K G 3L55 CA301AT

A3V R1 1902-4041 DIO D E- R 5 .'11 V 5% DO-35 PD-:,4W 2 9 2-- ( 41

A3 VR 2 9 2-060 D I OD E ZNR 827 6,2V 5% DO -7 'D= .4 W ..'4046 1N027

4 00435-60033 6 AMPLIFIER / W :'" R SUP P L Y 5S 2:1480 00435-60033

1 0100-2206 4 CAPACITOR - FXD 6 U F . -. 10 6 V DC '1' 56209 15 D606 90 6 2

4(::'.? 0190--0228 1 C C ' - F D 220F f- 10% 15VDC TA `: 209 1b 226 9 0 15 2
4C3 0160--2055 1 CAPACITOR - r:' ,01 11F 480 -2 % 1nO V D C CE.R 284130 0160 2055
4C4 0160- .1439 2 C C11' R-- F .039 UF .. 5"/, 20 V DC :r 13 0160--3439
A4C5 60--0160 1 CAPACITOR -F D 820O P F f-10% 20O V DC L 20480 0160--0160

A4C6 0180-0229 7 CAPACITOR - F 33 L.I F"+-1 O V DC ' 56289 1 50D336 9 1 2

A4C7 0'170-0040 C C ' -F D .047 U F + -1 200 V DC L 56289 ?92 47392
4(.,8 0'1611--3439 C C t R-F D .039 UF + .-5 2 0O V DC 2014510 0160-3439
4C9 0100--0197 0 4 CAPACITOR -F 2,2 U F + -10 2O V DC 't. 2 9 15 0 D2'25 9020 '2
4C16 ' 80- 97 CAPACITOR -- F D 2,21J +--1 ., 2 VDC .`562.09 150 D 225 9 0 2 2

4C 160- 16'1 2 CAPACITOR - F D , '1UF + -1 2 V C L 28480 016 --0161

4C12 1811 ,- 116 4 CAPACITOR - F D 6, BUF + -10 3'.' V DC ' 56209 150 685 9 3`, : 2
A4C13 01 -0116 CAPACITOR - F ) ' 35 V DC 6289 150D6 15 993'5112
4C14* 0160 0161 4 CAPACITOR -FX D ' UF +--1 L OO VD C P O L YE 211400 0160 0161
C15 0170- 0040 CAPACI1' R -- F X D ,047 U F +-10 20 V DC L 562 292 47392

4C' 6 (118 - (1374 C C 7OR- F X D 10 U + - 10% 20 V DC 56289 15 0 D 0 6 9 0 2 2

A4C1'7 01 0-0197 1: CAP C T R-- F D 2 .2U T' +-107 2 V D C 56209 1 5 D225 902 2
4C18 ' 80-0373 . CAPACITOR -F D ,(., 13 UF +- -10 35 VDC J6289 '1 `: 684 9 35 2
C19 01130-0116 1 C CJ'OR'FXD 6, U F -10 35 V DC 7 56209 ' 50 D 6659035 2
4C20 180-0116 CAP C R -- F ' 6 .80F+ . 10% 35VDC TA 562139 ": 0D685 9 35 2

A4C21 0 60-3456 6 CAPACITOR - "XD 1000 PF + -- 0 1 KV DC CE R 28480 0160-345

4(:22 0 180-.1997 !3 CAPACITOR -F D 2 . F +50 .-1 150 V DC . .. 20480 0100 --1997
4C23 0100--0197 0 C C]:1'O R - ' D 2 .2L) F . + --10 '.''. V DC 562(:!9 1 5 0D225 902 2
4 '.', 24 ' - 374 CAPACITOR - F D 10 U F +--10 2 0 V DC 7 56289 1 5 0 D106 902 D 2
A4C25 0160- -2290 CAPACITOR- F:' ,15 UF 4-- OO V D C L 284010 0160 -2290

A 4C .'-6 0160 -2204 CAPAC :(1' R- F XD ' F +--5 30O VDC MICA 20400 0160-2204
4C2'7 NOT ASSIG NE D
' 4C28 0180-1794 3 2 C C R-F D 22 LI F + -. 0 35 V D C 56209 1S 226 90 3 5 R ;=
4 29 1 0-1794 3 C C 1'O R - F XD 221J F - "/. 35 V DC 5620!9 1 5 0 D22 9 3,,.5 R2
C30 0'1 0 --2206 CAPACITOR --F' D > (.1 "+ - 6 V DC 56209 150 606 9006D2

A4C31- NOT
C38t F1 G D
4C39 -029'1 3 CAPACITOR-- F D LIT : -10 3` V 1) . 5,,6289 150D (15 903" 2
C40-
4 :)50t NOT : S G

4CR 1 t 1901--0996 6 D : --SC ' '1' : SIG 28480 1901--099 >

4CR 2t 1901 .- 99 > 6 DIODE--
DIODE -SC SIG 2134 0 1901-0996
A4C R 3 1901-0033 2 7 -G PR r' 2 0 Do -7 '284 0 19 1- 33
4CR 4 1 9 01-. 0 033 D --G R V 20 ' DO --7 28480 19O1 -0 033
4C 5 1901--0364 1 DIODE - F W B R DG 2 0 V 1 29460 190 1- 0364

A4CR6 1901
.-O033 DIODE --G EN R 18() V 200 DO -7 204 1901 - 33
A4CR7 19 1-0033 DI ODE-GE N P RP 1 V 200 DO-7 211480 9 '1 -- 033
4CR8 1901 .... 0'3213 3 D I ()DC:-- PW R RECT 4O0 V WE, 03508 1 )
A4CR9 1901--0033 2 DIODE --G P R P 18 V 2 DO-7 28480 1901- 33
4CR 10 1901 . . 032828 DIODE - R ' 0 6 3 03508 >

A4C R 11 1901 0033 DIODE- G PRF' ' V 20 DC!-'7 284130 1 9( 1--0033

4CR1'2 1901--0033 DIOD E-GEN P RP 1GO V 20( D (1-7 20480 1901-0033
4CR 13 1901-0328 DIODEP WR RE C' 400 V 1 6U S 035013 A14D

4J1 1251--0600 CONNECTOR -SG L C PIN 1 .14 , -MM - SC-- S 20480 12 ti1 - 60 0
432 1251- 6 CONNECTOR-SG L :; 'r PIN 1 ,'14-- -BSC- S 20400 12. -( 6 (

4 1 490-091 RELAY-REED 1 500 1OO V DC 5 VDC-COIL 201400 90-- 9 6

See i n tr o ducti o n to thi s sect i on f or orde ring informat ion

* Indi cates facto ry se l ecte d valu e
t Backdating inform atio n in Secti o n VII . 6-5
Replacea ble P arts M odel 435

Ta b le 6-2 . R eplaceable Parts

R eference HP Part 1 c 1 Qty Descri ption

Mfr M fr P art N umber
Designat ion - N umber Code
4 1 1205- 0005 2 HEAT SINK 10 - 64- CS !4 0 1 0 0 8 15 -
4 2 2 5-00 5 HEAT' SINK '0-66-C5 [?8400 - 3 .i f35 .

0362--0063 :3 CONNECTOR -SC L . C QDISC-Fr 204 (1 ( '3 ,2 - - 063

4 1
4 2 362- 063 3 CONNECTOR --SGI . . C QD'[SC-F 2048( 362. 0063

4 1853-0020 4 3 T R A N SISTOR ' S i ' ) ==[3( 1 F ' -=150 - 20480 13,51-0020

42 11153- . 0 020 4 TRANSISTOR
TRANSISTOR
"
NF '
S :[ P D -30O MW
D :=625
F = 5 (
F1'=:20
20480
20460
11153 _00 1, 20
1054- 0010
4Q3 1854-0810 2
1054-0010 2 'TRANSISTOR ' S :[ :'= 2 W F T=20OMH2 20480 1054- OBI 0
4Q4
4Q5 1854 0810 2 R ! 1:1 1 R WIN S :[ D=625 MW F == 7- 28480 ' : 4-061 0

4Q6 1055 -- . 0020 8 2 T R ANSIS' R J--F f.": T -C 1)- : ' -10 5 23460 183r, 0020
47 055--0 0 20 1.1 1'R 'SIS T 0 R J'- F 'C' -C 1)- C TO- 18 S1. 28400 1355-002(1
4Q NUT ASSIGNED
A4Q9 NOT ASS I GNED
4Q10 C)53- 12 'R 5 !' 1'OR F ' 2 '2904 '.:. 1'0"39 P D ::=6OOMW 01,295 2904

'T R ANSISTOR F' 2 290 'Y'O-39 1'D :-600M W 01293 2 29 4

4Q11 1 1.153 - 0012 4
4! 12 1 654-0 072 TRANSISTOR 1' 2 30 TO 66 D=. , W 3 . .'005 7N ,3115
18 3--0052 T R AN SISTOR 2 3740 SI TO W., )=2 T1 W 04713 2 3740
A4Q13
4Q14 1 654- 01 1'R [1IO T 0R WIN 5 D=6 5 W F' :='200 1- 20 80 1054 0010
Q 5 854 - - 'R 11 S F ST :=625 W F = :200 : 213 48 0 10!. ; 4- 0 !1'1 0

16 5 - TRANSISTOR ' 5 :1: TO-39 1'0=1W F ' :.,:1 ( 2(84 1054 -0 9

4Q17 18 3-- 0313 4 TRANSISTOR :1 : TO-39 P D =: W F ' =10 7 2 :14 3 1(353- 0313
353-0 12 4 ' R S T 0 R S'1 P D :-3OOMW F ' ='15 7 2 4 5'. .. 0 :?
4 1
A4Q19 NOT ASSIGNED
4 20 1(184-0073 2 R 5' R-SCR 'TO -5 V R R :=100 2 f14fli1 1004 -0073

4R 1 069B-3160 3 RESISTOR 3 .6 .1'25 W :` - -'100 24544, C4 1/0 - TO-3162 F'

0698-3156 1 RESISTOR 14 .7 1% 1,25 W F '' ::=( - - 2 11,546 C4 1/8 - 10 - 1472-F
4 2
4R3 77-- 28 1 RU1 c ' 9, 9 ' . 25 F' = - -1( 0 17701 F4C I / 0 -- 10 .9091 -1''
6 S't R 147 .125 F r Cn : 0 . - -1 ? 546 C4-- / .- 0 . .- 47R"'
464 0e,,98-3438 1
A4 R 5 0698.... 31 52 0 RESISTOR 3 .40 .125 W ` ': :,: -100 24546 C4 1/0- TO - ',X,481 ... F.

4R 0757- . 0459 R (OR 5( .2 1% .'12 W F' 'C= + .. ..100 24',..546 C4 I/O-TO- 15622-- F
R E 15TOR 10 ( 1% .112SW F' - + -10 24, W, C4--1/8-' ' 003-F'
R7 0757-0465 6 ?. .,.V
4R 0757--044 1 5'R 12 .1 1% .125 F r = : .. .- W546 C4 , I/0--TO- -1'1 2-F-
4 5 07S7-0442 9 R 5 T s'rw 0 ( .125 F C== - 100 24,' 46 C4- US -' -1 0
0 698--3159 RESISTOR 26 .1 1% .125W F C := +-- 24546 :4 -- 1/8--TO - 931-12-- F
411 10 5

A4 R 11 0698,3159 RESISTOR 26 . . 25 F 1' r. == ?45 46 C 4 1/8-. 10 -2612 --F'

4 2* 0757--0279 0 7 RESISTO R 3,161( 1% .12 5W F C= + -1 0 24546 C4 I/6-TO 61-- F-
R ,! ,3 R 10 1% .125 W F'' ' 'C :: :: ~-100 245 4 C4- / -- (1-1 ) '_-F'
A4R 113 0757 --0442 9
4 R 14 0 698-3446 3 1 RESISTOR 3 )3 1% .'125W F : -100
*-
24546 C4 1/8 TO 303R- F
C4 . . 1/8-TO
4R 1':- '757 - 461 2 RES, ! 'r() R 6 .1 1% . 25 F -' 24,546 ..' .... 12 .4.

3,16 1% .125W F- TC-(1 + - ( 2 45 4 6 C4 1/8 TO -3161 F

4 R 16 0757--0279 R ESISTOR
A 4R 17 07"i7-0461 F2 :S :[01~~ :1R 60,' 1% .1 25W F '1C ._ - -100 546 4 .. . . :. /0--1' -.681 2 . . . F'
R 18 0 '757 -- 0 442 9 RESISTOR 1!1 1% .125 W F TC-4 + -100 24546 (,4 . . . 1 /0-'1' 0 --1 002- F'
A4R19 OBI 1 -3214 RESISTOR 31 .62 .1`/. .05 W 1'WW C= - 0 14(40 1409 --1/40-31R62-
1 .1 .05 W PWW '1'C =0 --1 20940 146 1/40 1.-1 0 0 1-.
A4R2()t 0 11-2284 7 1 RESISTOR
.
0757-029 RE S ISTO R 6 .'19 ( 1"/. .125 W F' IC-- 04 100 1970 1 F74C' /13-1 ( - 19' 4
A 4R 21
RESISTOR 42 .? < .1'25W - ' 'C=11 + -100 24. . ;46 C4- ) / - .- .. . 1::'.22 ..- :-
4 R 22 0698-3450 . : ' 7 1 . 1 . .
A 4 R 23 77 - - 27 9 R ES I STOR 1 .70 ( ' "/. .125 W ` 7C=04- 100 24546 C:4-1/0-10
..
4624 0757-- 38 3 R ESISTOR .11 1' .125W F'' 'C=: + .10 2 4 46 (74- 1/8. .- -',':1111 ... .F
RESISTOR 46 .4 1% .<25 W F IC=: - -111 24546 C4-'1 / --1 - .. 64, .- .F'
4 R 25 ,98-316 ".! 0

0757-0280 3 R ESISTOR 1% . 25 W F ' Cz 1 --1(1 24`.'(46 (74 1/8 TO 1 00 -FF

4626
42 .2 < 1% .125 F 7C::41 . . -100 24546 C4 1 / 8 . . . - .4222 .
4R27 069 -3450 9 R E S I STOR
R28 0757- 278 9 RESISTOR 1 .'78 1% .125 W F' TC:= :0 +- -100 245 4(> C4 -1/8--TO 1701 -F
0757--0442 9 24546 C4 1 / 8 -1'0-100 2 .F.
4R29
R5 5'1OR 1(1 1% .125 W F 7C=: +--1 24546 C4 . 1/0-TO- 1002-F
4 R 30 1757-0442

4R,3 69 -315 R G 0 R 23,71e ,'12.1 W C ::= --100 24546 C4-.. /8- 11--2372 -.
4R32 2100--1738 9 RESISTOR -T RMR 1 ( 10% C '1'0 DJ 1- 73136 0,"! PR 1 0K
RESISTOR 040 1`/. .'125 W F- 7C=O'- 00 1970'1 F-41;1/8-1'0-340R-F
A 4 R 33 69 -8300 13
4R34 0757- 0280 3 R S 'OR 1% .125 W F ' C= . .-100 2,4546 (74 - /S . . . . - 00 . -F:
4 R 35 21 0-2061 R CsIU'r0 R --I RMR 200 10% C TOP -A DJ 1-I RN 73138 2 :' 2

4R3 757-0419 1 R ES I S''OR 681 1% 125W F C .,= t+ -10 24,546 (74-1 /8- 1-6 1R .F
..-f..
A 4R,37 0757-0399 1 RE S I STOR [ 2 . 1% ' F' ': = +- -' 24546 C4 1/8--TO 02R" ;
. 24546 1::4 1/0- TO- 42,21 4
4638 0 698--3'154 RESISTOR 4 .22 1% .12= W F C= + -10
A 4 R 3'7 0698--3150 R ES 1 3' 06 2 .37 1% .12 W 1-- 'TC ==Or-. '100 24546 C41/3-TO 237' 1 ::
R40 NOT ASSIGNED

4 R 41 NOT ASSIG NE D
RE SIS (:)R-' RMR 1 10% C ' - J 1-1'R 731'38 2 1
4 R 42 21 00--17313 9
A4 R 43 0683--2265 1 R E SISTOR 22 5"/. .25 W F' 1'[ =- -900/ 120 (11121 : :~ r
RE S I STOR 31 .6K .125 W F' C= + -100 24 ;::346 C4-- 1 /8- 1- 3' 6<^^.--F
R44 ,98--3 0
(1757-0467 (: RES I STO R 12 1% .125 W F" ' 'C=01-1 0 24546 C4 . . .. 1 /S-' - 2 1 ,3 . . F
4R45

2100--203 RE S I STO R -'TR MR 10% C TOP -AD J 1-' R 73138 82 R50

A 4 R 46
RESISTOR 2 .1 .S W F 1'C= :0r-100 28400 0757-( (141
4R 7 ( 757- 1
4R48 0757-1000 7 RESISTO R 51 .1 1% .5 W F 'C-0 -100 204B0 0757-1000
4R49 0 ,03--0685 5 RESISTOR ! .0 5"/. .25 W F'C C=--4 / . 5 01121 60G .`:
A 4R 50 0757-0465 6 RESISTOR 1 1% .121tW " 'C=0 -1 24,' 4 (4-1/6- TO' 13- F-

See in t r odu ct i on to t h i s section for o rde r i n g in f o r mati on

* Indicates facto ry se lecte d val u e
6-6 B
t ackd at in g information in Section VII .
Mo del 435 R eplacea bl e P arts

Table 6-2. Replaceable Parts

R eference HP Part I I aty Descri ption M fr M fr P art N umber

Designation I N umber Co d e
A4R51 757-0465 ~6 1 " 'SIS' R '00 1 ,i25 W F' '~ +-1 (1
24546 4 -1 / 8 -10 . .-10 03-. .F
A4R52 0698- 311.57 3 R I'_ ; R 19 .6 1 . 1 25 W ' '~C~=0+-100 24546 C4""1 /8- .10-.1962 .. .F
4R53 757- 279 0 RES I S T O R 3 .161( 1% ,i25W F =:D +--10 24546 C4~ 1/8- .. . . ..3 161 .: . F
4R 5 069 -3159 R E SISTOR 26, '7. ,'(25W F 7 C= -100 24546 C4-1/ -' -2612 . .
4 R5 5 0663-1555 0 RESISTO R 1 . 5 5% ,25 W F'C =- 900/+1100 01121 C =,555

A4R 5 h 44 ;7 1 ,9 R ESIS T OR 1% ,i25 W F' ' (:-0 -100 24546 C 4 '1/0-10-1002-F

4R57 757-044 1 RES I STO R ,2'z5 1% ,1 ~5 W F TC=0 +. . -100 24546 C4 --1/0 --'1' 1 - 02'51 -F
41158 07 57-0 4 211 3 RES I STO R 1 .62 1% 1 25 W r' ' (.-= D r1 00 24546 C4 - /8 - .. . - 162 1 - "
4R59 698--3155 1 i R S I S' R 4 .641( 1% F 1'C ==0 + -- t 00 24','.' 46 C4 1/B-10464 1 - F
A060
1 069 8 -3162 0 R S ; R 46,4 1% . '25 W F' ' C= -100 24"54 , C4 1 / 8 - ' - -4642 . . F

4 R 61 0757--1094 ~9 1 RESISTOR 1 .47 1% ,12 .55 W F' TC_01-- -1 0 0 24546 (74--1/ S- - 1471--F
4 R 62 0690-3449 6 1 R 13 1 3 R 20 .7 ( 1% .125W U- I'C=04--100 24546 4 1/ - - -2872 ... .F. .
R 3 '757-0442 9 R E S I STO R 111 1% ,123 W F '(.==0+-100 24[46 :,4 1/8-TG-- 2- F-
4 R6 4 07 37--0442 9 R ESISTOR 10 < 1% , 1 25 W F =1=0 + -100 24546 C4-'1 C4-
A4 R 65 0757 .-0403 2 1 R E SIS T O R 12.1 1% . 1 25 W F =:: + -"10 0 245146 1/8-T0-10024-C4-1 / -1'(1-1 2' R -F

4R 66 069 F)--3453 .'.? R ES I ST O R 96 1% ,i25W 1: =-11 +--1 0 24"=54!1 C4 -1/8-1'0--1963-F7 -

4R67 0698-0084 19 1 R 1 R 2,15 1 ,123 W F TC ==0 +_ -10 0
2454!1 C4 1 / 8 -- 0 --2 1 ,1-F
A4R68 069 8 -0083 8 RESISTOR 1,96K 1 . . 1251 ' '..=0+ .. .100 2[.' 6 C4--1 / -- - 1 9 4,'1 4'
R69 , 3 --3355 2 1 RESISTOR 3 .3 5% ,25 W FC 1'C =- 900/>1 00 61 21 CD3355
A4R7 0 0757--0279 1 R 01 ' R 3,16 1% .125 W ' TC-0 1r-100 24546 C4--1/8-10- 3161 --1"

4 R 71 11757-- 442 9 R 1 101( 1 ,i25 W F '11,7 -100 254( C4 ... 1/8 .. .. . ..1002--,
R72 069 1 - -3' 6 RESISTOR 31 .6 1 , 2':.5W F' =0 + -100 24546 C4-1/8-.1'0-.3162 ." . '
4 R 73 '757- 274 1 R E SISTOR 1,21K 1% , 1 25 W F >0 ~- 100 24546 C 4 1 / 3 - - 1 211 -F
7
A4 R 7 4 0698--344 0 1 RE S I STOR 1 96 1% ,125 W F' ' h= 0 "- -100 24546 C4- .1/ -? -196R .. . . .
A 4R75 698-3' 58 ~4 RESISTOR 3 .7 1% ,123 W F C=0 + -1 0 24 1546 4- 1 /fl -' F
TOP
A4 R 76 2iO0 --173S '7 RESISTOR- '1' RM R 10% C ADS 1-TRN 7'3138 82P R 01(
100
41177 0 757--14111 0 1 RESISTOR 1% , 1 25 W F C :-0 + - 1 00 24546 04- 1/8-70- -- . 101-F -'
A4 R 7H 0757-0442 9 R S S1'0R 1 0 1 ' , 1 .25 W F C=0 4 -100 241..546 C4 1/8-TO-1002-4'
A4 R '79 0757 .-0442 9 R : S'0R 1 1 .i25 W F ,=. .>-1 0 24546 C4- 1/8 . .- --1002 -- F
4 R 0690--3442 9 1 RESISTOR 237 1% ,121.'5W 1'' := 0 100 24546 C4 . . 1 /8-.1 - 237 + - F

A4R 81 11'757-0428 1 R EG SIOR 1 .62 1% ,i25 W F 1'C=O . F . -10 0 24 ;:'146 C4 1/8--TO -1621 -F
4 R (32 1757--0428 1 R G 3 R 1,62 1% ,'i25 W F" C= +- -100 24846 4 .. -1/3-10-1621
'' . . ..1r

A4RT1 839- 11 2 T H E RM ' S R D (:, too .-OHM [=- -3 . /CI--D1'_6 20480 0039 00'11
4330- 14 == 9 INSULATOR-B EAD GLA'S 26480 4',.33 (1-0'145

4' 1 1 251 - !1 0 CO N N E C'R -5GL CONT PIN 1 .14- - S : -5'7 SQ 2 3480 251--0600
41' 2 12 =iY--(1 0 ) 0 C :'.CTOR-',1GL C 7 PIN 1 .14-MM-1.06C -S7 ON 28400 1251-0600
PIN
4' 3 1251-0600 CONNECTOR -SGL CON'' .14- -DSC-5 SQ 1041 :10 1251 - 6
4 4 1251--060 1 CONN E CTOR--[.5C L (. PIN 1 .14-- -- 3CS SW 2(348 25 - 600
4' 1251- .0600 0 C C R --SC L CON ' PIN . 14!3 SQ 2114S O 1251- 0600

4 6 1251--0600 ~ C ' 0R --SC L C 7 PIN 1 .'14-- -- 1,3C--3 SQ 28460 12" 1- 6( 0

4 7 251 -- 600 0 CONNECTOR -SG L CONT PIN 1 .1 MM -D$C-3 SQ 2[ 125 - ! 00
4'1' 1251-0600 11 CON N F ::CTOR --SGL C PIN 1 .14- -- C- SQ 2 0480 1251-0600
4' 9 1251--0606 0 CONNECTOR -SCL C " PIN 1 .'14- --BSC- SQ 20480 12,51 -0600
4'1' 10 1251--06 0 (1 CO NNE CTOR - ;[.5L C ' PIN 1 .14- -- --3 13 28480 1 ,2,51-0600

4 11F1 11 125i--6001 0 CO NNE CTOR-- 1:.. . C ' PIN 1 .14- - 31:,5 SQ 21480 12 .51--06110
4 12 125160 0 CONNECTOR -SG L CO N T PIN .14- --88C-(3 SQ 20480 125 -0600

1. l 526-01113 [, UP AMP LOW NOISE TO-99 (G 06665 S SC,741CJ

4U 2 1126-- 1" 1 UP AMP LOW - N O I SE 1'[1-99 ' 06665 S68741 CJ
4 U3 1026- . 0013 8 IC UP AMP LOW-NOISE 0-99 G 06665 SS9741 C,J
A 4U 4 826-0092 3 1 1: OF' AMP G P DUAL 0-99 : 28480 1026-0 0 92
A 4 U5 1(:)26--0013 1 IC (1 F' AMP LOW-NOISE [1-99 (G 06665 SS5741CJ

4 U 132 -0013 1:C [1 AMP LOW-NOISE. TO--In 1 1<C 0666[ SS S741 C 7

U7 1 320- . 6058 9 1 If.; ' AMP GP TO 99 F' C 24046 2709 V

A401 1902-30" 6 DI O DE:--Z NR 2,43 V 5 D1 :1--7 PD :-4 .4W [ = -,076 2 (4 ~ 1 1902-3005

A VR 2z. 1902--3005 DIODE- R 2 .43 V 5% DO-7 D1= .4W ' T 0= - .076 20406 19(12-3005
A4 VR 3 1902-0041 4 DIODE - R 5, '1 V 5% DO 35 PD
:,4
:- 20400 1902-0041
A4 VR 4 1902-3182 0 1 DIODE R 12,1 V 5% D O -35 P D :=,4W 20480 1902 ...3182
4VR5 1 902-- 174 6 1 D D -- R 1 .2 V 5% DO--'35 PD-: .4W 204 1902.-0'184

A4 V R6 1902 .-3 16 13 1 1 D DU - " R 90 .9 V 5% D(1--7 PD1 . .4 W L= +,082 24 1 9 2 ""34 i6

4W 1 00435-600 312 1 1 1 CABLE, GRAY SHIELDED, 2-CO N NECTO R 2[ 4 435-6 3

4 1 00435-60( 10 1 4 1 1 1 AUTO ZERO ABBY 211400 35- -6

1 N SR , P/C A4AI ABBY

A4AIC2 NOR, / A4AI ABBY
4 C3 N SR , / 4 S
4 IC4 S:.5 R , / 4 ' SS

A4AIC R 1 NSR , / 4 SS

4 1 S 2, P/0 A4A1 ABBY

4 %QY R, / 4 ABBY

41 R NSR , /0 A4AI ABBY

'I R 2 NOR, / 1 5S "
A 4AI R 3 SR , /0 4 1 SS
4 1 R SR, / 4 1 ABBY

See introduction to this section for o rdering information

*Indicates factory selected value
6-7
Replacea ble P a rts Mod el 435

Ta b le 6-2. R eplaceable Parts

Reference HP P art c Mfr

Designation Number D
Qty Description Co d e
Mfr Part Number

:,
0 0435--60 034 7 MOTHERBOARD 28480 0 0 43 ;--6 0 034
5C' 018 -037 3 CA P ACITOR-- F XD 101.)F+--10% 2OVDC TA 56289

.
5 7 , PAR '1' OF A5 W <
532 125(--'3(3913
. 4 CO FC' R 10-PIN M POST
POST TYPE 20480 1 ? '1-. 3090
5 J'3 1251 3898 4 CONN E CTOR 10-PIN 204011 12^.. " 1 -3 9U

ASP R , PART OF ASWI

52 R , PART OF A,5Wl

5R (Mil -32 RESISTOR 3 ,6'15 .1% 5 := ~- 14140 1409-1/40 16 5 R - - F

6R2 811-3203 RESISTOR 968 .1% .0r5W PWW -10 14140 1 4 9--1/4 -968R :
5R 3 0(':111--3204 3 RESISTOR 21 .6161( ,1 ,0".;' W P WW ' T C : .-0+-10 14140 1 409-1/ 40 -21616 R -
, 11-3205 4 R 1 R 6 . 36 .1 05 rc := + - 14140 1409-1/40 6036
SR 5 0(: 11 --3 ? 06 RESISTOR 2,'162 ( .1 .05, W WW 0= . , . .-10 14'140 1 409 .-1 /4 ..-2'16,2 R -

,: , 181 0--0206 NETWORK - R C ( , ( 011 7 (111 ..'1 208 103

5R7 0757- 0 442 9 RESISTOR 10K 1% .12L.';W F TC ; : U~ 100 (.?454, [ 4-1/840-100 2- F
5R8 07,'57 -0 442 9 R S 0' R 10K 1% 2,., '' 3'[1 : = 1-. . ..'1 24546 C4 1/0-'10 - 1 002- F

50 1 1 320 -1971 7 :(C SWITCH L_[. QUAD 16-D - < '7 )56 2111 CJ
AF U 2 1020 -' '771 7 IC ; WITCH L , QU AD 16--D -- 6 '7(1".' , 2 [.J

5VR 1 1902--3082 9 DI OD E- Z N R 4 .64 V 5 D -'35 PD- .4 W 20480 '; l12--300 f t

5 0120- . . 3230 (: CADL E ( I N C L A-5,11,AS'l AND A511 ,!) 2040 (1 01'20 3230

5 4 1 : - 6s , CONNECTOR--PC EDGE' 10--CONT/ROW 2-ROWS 28480 1251 .1'365

6 96 - - 3 L I N E: MODULE -FI .. .' 'ERED 2 13480 096 -( 4 3

See in t r o du cti o n to this section o r f o rde rin g in for mat i o n

* Indi cates facto ry se l ecte d valu e
6-8
 M o d el 435 R e placea bl e P arts

i Ta b le 6-2. Replaceable Pa rts

Reference HP P art Mfr

Designation N umber D Qty Descri p tion Co d e M fr Part N umber

CHASSIS PA R TS
POST
1420-0096 BATTERY ',?8, 1 V 1 .2A-HR NI-CD 20480 142 0-0096
(OPTION 0(11 ONLY)

C1 1 60-4851 CAPACITOR -F T) .022 U F 1-20% 250 V AC( R MS) 23480 160-4851

D S1 3131- 434 LENS 5 - U S 114 L TRANSLUCENT W1111E 28400 31,51 -0434

F1 2110-0234 F U S E .1 250 V T D 1 .25 .25 LJL 7'140 M D L 1/10,

(F O R 100,200 VAC OPERAtION)
F1 2110 --0040 FUS E . (162 230 V TD 1 .25X .25 U I- 20480 2110-0040
(F('.IR 220,240 V AC OPERATION)

31 NGR, P AR T 0 ` W 1, SEE 4 A N D 5
32 R , PA R T OF W ;3, SEE 3 AN D F'6
J' 3 1250- 1'10 CONNECTOR --R1'' C FE:M SG1- - 11OL - - FR 50-011 20400 1 2'50-- 118
1'250-011B CO N NE CTO R -R F DN C FE M SGL.--IiOL E --F R 50--OHM 20480 1250 01111
3'5 NS R , PAR T O F 1A6, S M11 4 AND MP5

36 5 1 , PA R T or 9, SEE 3 AND M F'6

1 1120 -1 1313 METER 4 .'5,0 -IN ; 1 F S D ; L I NEA R ; TAU T' 2,0400 1120- 1513

1 0370-1099 KNOB - BASE - '1R /2 J G K .25- -- 20400 0370-1099

- 0 4 :35-60030 U - SKIRTED, JAD E CRAY (RANGE SW I TC)i) 2049 0( 435-60030
004 3 5--00 0 13 -- U' R ( BL AC K ; THREADED) 28480 00435-00013
35(1-- '14(0 D IE CAL.- KB TEXT ; "R E M O VE ' E R D" 23480 035 - 48
0350-0149 DECAL.. -- 2 S K I' TEXT ; "100 30 10 ;3 1 300 20480 03 ,50 . 0149
37 --1 91 KNOB -- 1/2 J'G K .25 IN-11) 28480 0370-1091
E
3 0 30-033 2 SCR E W --SE ' 2-56 .094- IN -L. CLIP--PT GST 00000 OR D R BY DE'OC R IP1'
00435-000' 2 KNOB- GKIRT, BLACK 28480 00435-00 012

3 (159 -- 505 NUT --KNR LD --R 5/0-24-'TN D . 125 -IN 41 < 00000 ORDER BY DESCRIPTION
(US E D WITH J2)
4 NOT ASSI GNE D
M1 1 1"i NOT ASSIGNED
6 2i90-- 36 WASHER-LA ' L 1' 1 3/16 IN .01[-- . - ID 114 1 2190-.. (1(136
(US E D WI '1 7 : AN D J )

See in t ro du ct io n to t hi s section for o rde ri ng in format ion

* Indi cates f actory se lecte d value
6-9
 1
R eplaceable Parts ,1 Model 435

Table 6-2 . R eplaceable Parts

Reference HP Part aty Mfr Part N umber

Descri p tion
Designation N umber .

7 11435-111124 17 1 CO V E R TOP 2 114 1:1 14"3 ::5- (124

MP 0 00435 - 'l 0 P A NEL-R EA R 1':10 1435-00(1 7
9 51111- , 11565 5 1 COVER D 0 1 1 204C11 `,' (1 (1-81F`.'>
'10 00435--000 .>. ;3 1 C V - BOTTOM 20480 00435--0002'3
11 00435--0 00 15 8 1 PANEL F' R 1 ' 28 4 00 0 43.5--0001"

12 00435-0 00 19 ~ 2 1 GUS U' '- FR O N 1' 1_ :84 10 01143'5-0 019

13 5020- 633 0 ' :R 1' R - R D MODULE 1!84 111 5 1 :'(1--fl6 ;33
MP 1 4 004315-000 6 9 1 DECK --SW I'C41 2S480 00435--000'16
15 0403-0131 GU I DE--PC DD C R A POI... [ .942- D .- - S 234130 040'3--0131
MP 16 !;060-0703 3 1 FR '. S 6 l S M 284001 5060--0'703

MP 17 31~-0001 1 1 DECK- C G S POWER 2 : 43',':F--11101 1

riP'18. 60- 1727 1 '1 FOOT SS - - R MODULE 284011 (S060--0727
MP 19 6960 1124 0 '( _ L1G- I i0 1 FL-111) FOR .668 D HO L E NY L 2.6[4 0 6 1760-0024
(EXCE P T OPTION 002 AND 00'3)
20
7 1490-003 1 1 71: L T `3 D 2 .236- -- W .1 .43 8 - -- 1) -(.,G 6 131 : 4 (4'70-( 031

21 `5040--0700 ~ 11 1 :1 D 29400 5 - 700

22 6960-0027 3 1 PLU G- H OL E F L -11 ) ''R .625-D- H O L E L 2114 (.10 6760-0027
( C ' OPTION 003)
11 23 23 60 -- 0 1 9 2 7 1 SCREW MACH 6--32 .25--IN-LC 100 DEC 2S480 2360-0 192
MP 24 2360-0'194 9 1 13CR EW- MACH -32 .3'12- :[ --L1 100 D C 00000 ORDER BY DE :GCRIPTION

25 712 -1254 1 1 - ,312-1: -WD .54-114-1. ..G A L 2 400 712.0-1254

2 2360--0 1 5 SCRE:W- C11 6-32 .312-IN-LO 82 D (1 10 0 OR DE R BY 4::SC R I ' : U
27 ..' 3611- 1 20 'l 1 SCREW-MACH -32 .430-- -1_G ( 2 D .G 00090 ORDE R [3 DESCRIPTION
> 28 1" 90- 1(152^. 3 1 ' --8 1'-1-'1' 6'32-1' D .5-W D S 1- 2 )4 0 5 11,1 0 - -0052
29 9 1 --0139 6 1 NU I'--S 6-3,2 --THD .28-141) 51L .. 21.1430 0"!' 90-00'39

MP 16

26*

10

F igure 6-1 . Ca b inet Parts, E x p lo d e d V iew

See in tro ductio n to this section fo r o rde ri ng in for m ati o n

* Indi cates factory sel ected valu e
6-10
Model 435B Ileplaceable Parts

Table 6-2 . Replaceable Parts

Reference HP Part I c I oy Description Mfr Mfr Part Number
Designation I Number D Code

W30 2MN OUNI859 ,

9
1

136
5 --1 9 1 CLAMP-BATTER (OPT . 001 nNi.-Y) 2 0400 00435-00009
2360-0115 141 2 SCREW-MACH 6-32 .3t2-IN-LG PAN-11D-POZ :r. 06000 ORDER BY DESCRIPT .TON
MP32 7120 -3730 0 1 LADEL -INrO (WARNING "HIGH VOLTAGE") 20480 7120 -3730
MP33 00432-0011 5 1 FRAME' BRACKET 2MBO 0101354"1
2360-0 11 t, 5 2 SNEW-MACH 032 .312-IN-LO 82 DEG "C" ORDER BY DMCRIPTION

MP34 MGMUN R CRUD NO . 10 .5-1111-ID 200100 3(my 1167

MP35 ,,, %411 :1
00 1 L .ABEL-INFORMATION (OPTION 001 ONLY) 2134130 00432-90010
MP36 00012n0"I 0 1 LABEI-INFARMATMN MPTIM 002 ONLY) 294BO 00432--90011
MP37 I 00Q12"0103 14, 1 1 LADEL-INFORMATION (OPTION 003 ONLY) 2L1400 00432 -90023

P1 NOT ASSIGNED
P2 1,!51-3537 ~ 8 12 1 (IONNEUM IUMN F PUT TYPE 284BO 12'51-3537
1251 -3966 7 5 CON1AC1-CONN U/W POOT-TYPE FEM CRP 28480 1251-3966
P3 1251--3537 8 CONNECTOR 144IN F POST TYPE 284011 125tA537
1 1251--3966 7 CONTACT-CONN U/W POST--TYPE FEM CRP 23430 1',251 -3966

P4--
P9 N T ASSIGNED
Pit) 1250-0665 1 31 1 UMMUM IF SM FEM LMMTD 51 -WM 2000 125 516 6r,*.;
I I (PART OF 0 OR W9)

RI 2100-3797 1 41 1 1 RESIGIOR-IRMR 10K 10% C 3IDE-ADJ` 22 TIN 32997 3057J-1-103M

R2 0757-0459 is I RESISTOR 564K 12 wsw r TC"*400 24,'546 04- 1/8-1`11-5622-F

Si ~ I I NSR, PART OF W2
S''.'! 3101-2055 SWITCH-PD SPDT MOM 02A 20VAC 20480 3A (11 -2055
3131-0439 1 1 UP P=WUTMN WACP .316 IN DIN M 2MM 3131-100139
S3 3101--04115 0 1 13WITCH-SL DPDT MINTR .5A 12";VAC/DC 20400 3101 -0415
I (POWER REF, SWITCH)

15
TI 9101 0424 1 1 1 T ANSOORMERM CRj0lh1N/WV2UV 28 ,1100 91 ONAQ4
1 0361 .,7 0115 4 SCREW MACH 32 . 12 IN 1 PANAM-PUI "0" MDR BY USCRIPTION

wit 0015-60037 ~ a I I ] UMNECTM ASSMS"AF MM-11 pa"11 00=n"37

QNCL 31)
00436-20014
0 0 2 WASHER- CONNECTOR MOUNT 28480 1104 -36-20014
1251- 3362 7 12 NUT- AUDIO CONN 2B480 1251-3362
W2 0 04&r5--6003B 1 1 CABLE ASSY-PRI PW (INCL, SI & R2) 29400 00435-60030

W3 00435-60041 6 1 CABLE-AF OSCILL.AlOR (INCL . J2 & ria 20400 00435-60041

0 ITTED ON OPT . DOW MET
W4 11730A 4 1 CBLE-PMH 8101M 1 .3 RES (WDA 2SUD 11030A
W4 11730B 6 1 C ME40MR SMSOF 3A MIMS 28480 11730B
W4 11730C 8 1 CADLEPMU SMSM 6A MUMS 2N80 I"Mic
W4 I1730D 0 1 CABLS PUM GMSM IS A METRES 28480 11730D
W4 11730L 2 1 CABLEMMEI GEh13OR 300 MURES 2MOD 103 0E
W4 117301-" 4 1 CADLE-POWER SENSOR 61 METRES 20400 1173TH,

W5 01200 C BLjCA WLICOCT& 2MOD 811201we

W6 0005 CONNE TOR
MyASSEMB
I Y IF IN LIT 20400 00435-60039
1251- NUT -AUDIO CONN 28480 1251-3362
00436 WASHER--CONNECTOR MOUNT 284130 00436 20014
W7 1 NOT ASSIGNED

we I I IN A 3 6IGNED
W9 00435-4,0032 1 5 CABLE ' IF OSCILIAIOR (INCL, 36 & PI ; 2n ,480 00435-60032
OPT . 003 ONLY) I I

Table 6-3. Code List of Manufacturers

Mfr
Manufacturer Name Address Zip Code
Code
""111 ANY SATISFACTMY SOPLIER MILWAUKEE W1 532 0 4
01111 1 ALLEN-BRADLEY CO DALLAS TX 75222
01295 TEXAS INSTR INC SEMICOND CMPNT DIV CITY OF IND CA 91745
02111 SPECTROL. ELECTRONICS CORP AUBURN NY 13201
03508 GE CO SEMICONDUCTOR PROD DEPT PHOENIX AZ 01. 0 0 13
04713 MOTOROLA SEMICONDUCTOR PRODUCTS SANTA CLARA CA 95050
0 6 6 65 PRECISXON ME)NOLITHICS INC MANCHESTER Nil 03130
14140 EDISON ELEK DIV MCGRAW-EDISON SANTA CLARA CA 95054
17856 SILICONIX INC MINERAI WELLS TX 76067
19701 MEPCO/ELECTRA CORP EL MONIE CA 91 1/31
20940 MICRO-OHM CORP WAKErn.: : LD MA 01880
24046 TRANSITION ELECTRONIC CORP BRADFORD PA 16701
24546 CORNING GLASS WORKS (BRADFORD) PALO At-To CA 94304
20480 HEWLETT-PACKARD CO CORPORATE HQ SMEHILLE NJ
31-585 RCA CORP SOLID STATE DIV RIVERSIDE CA 92507
32?97 DOURNS INC TRIMPOT PROD DIV NORTH ADAMS MA 01247
56289 13PRAGUE: C :L,E(.,TRIC Co ST LOUIS Mo 63107
71400 BUSSMAN MFG DIV OF MCGRAW-EDISON CO FULLER TON CA M634
73138 BECKMAN INSTRUMENTS INC HELIPOT DIV

See introduction to this section for ordering information

*Indicates factory selected value
t Baclulatiiig Mmm&n & SecQn VII. 641/642
Manual Changes M odel 435

SECTIO N V II
M A NU AL CH AN G E S

7-1 . I NTROD UCTIO N listed opp os ite your instrument's serial number or
This section contains in stru cti o ns for backdating prefi x.
this manual for HP M odel 435 P ower Meters that
have serial number prefixes t h at a re lower than Ifyo ur instrument's serial number or prefix i s not
the prefix listed on the titl e page. listed on the title page of this m anual o r in Table
7-1, i t may be documented in ye ll ow MANUAL
C HANG ES supplement. For a dditi ona l important
7-2. MANU AL C HANG ES information a bout serial numb er coverage, r eferto
To adapt this m anua l to yo ur instrument, r efer to INS TRUMENTS COVERED BY MANUAL in
Table 7-1 and make all of the m anual changes Section .

Ta b le 7-1 . Manual C hanges b y Serial Nu m b er

Se r ial P ref ix or Num b er M a k e Manual Ch a n ges

2005A, 2041U ,
2238

7-3. Manual C hange Instructions

C HA NG E A
T a bl e 6-2:
Add the following ca pac itors:
A4C31-33, 40-47 and 50 0160-3879 CD7 CAPACITOR-FXD .01 F 20% 100 VD C CER 28480 0160-3879.
A4C34-37, 48-49 0160-3877 CD5 CAPACITOR-FXD 100 pF 20% 200 VDC CER 284800160-3877.
A4C38 0160-4306 CD7 CAPACITOR-FXD 100 pF 10% 100 VDC CER 51959 0805C 101 3.

Service Sheet 2 (schematic):

J
On th e 1 and J5 Connector Assembli es (left side ofservice sheet) add ca pac ito r from each pin (C, D, , L)
to gr o und.

Add the following capacitors on the 4 Assembly ( l eft side of schematic):

C31 0.01 F between pins 5 and 6 of U4B.
C32 0.01 F from pin 3 of U 1 to -12 volts.
C33 0.1 F from pin 4 of U1 to +12 v olts.
C38 100 pF between pins 2 and 3 of U1 . .
C50 0.01 F from pin 7 of U1 to ground 1 ( ).

Add the following ca pac itors on the 4 Asse mbly (center of schematic):
C36 100 pF between pins 3 and 2 of U2.
C42 0.01 F from pin 7 of U2 to ground 3 ( ).
C43 0.01 F from pin 7 of U3 to ground 3 ( ).
C44 0.01 F from pin 4 of U2 to ground 3 ( ).
C45 0.01 F from pin 4 of U3 to ground 3 ( ).
C48 100 pF between pin s 2 and 3 of U3.
Model 435 Manual C h an ges

C HAN G E (cont' d)
Service Sheet 2 (schematic) (cont'd):
Add th e following ca pacitors on the 4 Assembly (right side of schematic):
C34 100 pF between the drain (D) and so ur ce (S) of Q7.
C35 100 pF from the so urce (S) of Q7 to gr ound 2 ( ).
C40 0.01 F from pin 8 of U4A to ground 1 ( ).
C41 0.01 F from pin 4 of U4A to g round 1 ( ).
C49 100 pF between pins 2 and 3 of U4A.

Se rvi ce S h eet 3 (sc hemat ic):

Add the following capaci tors on th e 4 Assembly (center of schematic):
C37 100 pF between pins 2 and 3 of U5.
C46 0.01 F from pin 7 of U5 to ground.
C47 0.01 F from pin 4 of U5 to ground.

CHANGE B
P age 1-3, paragr aph 1-6:
Ch ange th e descrip ti on for Option 003 to th e following: rea r panel input co nnectorreplaces the standard
fro nt p a n e l inpu t conn ecto r; r ea r p a n el POWER REF OUTPUT connector replaces the standard front
pan el connecto r.

Page 3-5, Figure 3-2:

Th e descr iptio n o f th e Power Sensor Input should read as follows:
Option 002 h as rear pan el inpu t conn ecto r wired in parallel with the front panel input co nnector. In
Option 003, this co nn ector replaces th e input front p anel connector.

Table 6-2 :
A4CR1, 2 was o rigin ally 1901-0895. However, the part listed in the ta ble is the recommended replacement.
Therefore, no manual c hange is suggested.

A4R20 was originally 0811-3218. However, the part listed in the table is the recommended replacement.
Therefore, no manual c ha nge is suggeste d.

Under t he description for W 1 add th e follo wing: Omitted on Option 003.

Service Sheet 2 (schematic):

To the l eft of J1 (left side of schematic) add the following: (Omit J 1 and W 1 on Option 003 only).
Model 435 Se rvi ce

S E CTIO N V III
S ERV IC E

8-1 . I NTRODU CTION For continu ed protect ion aga inst fire
h aza rd, replace the line fuse o nly with
Service information is provided in this section. 250Vfuse of the same curr en t rating and
General serviceinformation relates to troubl es hoot-
type (fo r example, slow blow, time delay,
ing. Repa ir information relates to performan ce etc.). Do n ot use r epaired fuses o r s hort
testing and a djustments after repairs are ma d e. circuited fuseholders.
Each servi ce sheet includes principles ofoperati o n ,
and troubles hooting information, component Whenever it i s lik ely t hat thisprotection
location diagr am and schematic diagram. h as been impaired, the instrum ent must
be made inope rative and be secured
aga inst any unintended ope ration.
The l ast fo ldout in t he manual shows the l ocation
of each assembly, chassis mounted co mponent The service informat i on is often used
an d adjusta ble component. with power s upplied and protect ive
co vers remo ved from t he instrum ent.
Energy ava ilable at ma nypointsmay, if
8-2 . SAFETY CON SIDER ATIO NS
contacted, r esult in pe rsonal injury.
Although t his instrum ent has been designed in
accordance with inte rn ational safety sta ndards,
8-3 . SERV ICE S HEETS
this manual contains information, cautions and
warnings which must be followed to avoid per- Each servi ce sheet normally includes principles of
sonal injury and da m age to the instrum ent (see operation and troubleshoot ing information, com-
Sections II, III, and V). Service and adjustments ponent l ocation diagram and schem atic, all of
should be perfo rmed only by qu alified service which apply to specific portion of circuitry
personnel. within t he instrum ent.

WARN I NGS Service Sheet 1 includes an overvi ew o f t he instru-

ment operation, tro ubl es hoot ing on an assembly
or stage level and t roubleshooting block dia-
A ny in terruptio n of the protective
gram. The block diagram a lso serves as an "index"
(grounding) conducto r (inside or outside
for the other servi ce sheets.
the instrum en t) o r disconnect ion of the
protect ive ear t h termin al is likely to
The Schematic Diagram Notes, Figure 8-5, aid in
make the inst rum ent dangerous. Inten-
interpreting the schemati cs .
tional interruption is prohibited.

Mainten a n ce desc ribed herein is per- 8-4 . P rinciples of Operation

formed withpower s upplied to the instru- The operation o f t he circuitry shown by the sc he-
men t and with t he protect ive covers matic diagra m i s expl ained in t he Principles of
remov ed. Such maintenance should be Operation. Thi s inform ation is outlin ed by us ing
performed o nly by service-trained per- assembly and stage names. These names also
sonne l who are awa re of the h aza rds separate circuit areas on the schematic diag rams.
involved (fo r exa mple, fire and electrical
s hoc k). Where maintenance can be per-
8-5 . Troubleshooting
formed without power s upplied, the
power s hould be removed. Thi s information is in the form o f hin ts and sug-
gestions pertaining to problems one may encoun
Capacito rs inside the instrum ent may ter while troubles hooting the P ower Meter. The
still be charged even if the instrum e nt troubleshoot ing information is located on the left-
h as been disconnected from its source of hand foldou t of the servi ce sheet following the
s upp ly. P rinciples of Operation.
Se rvice M odel 4358

Troubles hooting (Cont'd) b oard s and have assigned reference d es ignators

and s ymbols on the schemati cs. The waveforms
On Servi ce Sheet 1, malfunction is i so l ate d to an and/or voltages r efer to t h e test p oints and other
assembly o r stage. After turning to t h e appr opri- important circuit j unctions.
ate service sheet, troubleshooting co n t inues on
stage and/or component level. circuit board extende r, whi ch provides easy
access for troubleshooting, i s shown in Figure 8-1 .
DC voltages and, in some cases, ac v oltages and The extender may be order e d through your nearest
waveforms are included on the sc h e matics. Test HP offi ce. R efer to Equipm en t Av ailable in Sec-
points are physically located on printed c ircuit tion .

F igure 8-1 . 4 Assembly E xtended for Service

8-2
M odel 435 Service

8-6 . RE CO MMEN D E D TE ST E QU I PMEN T from co mponent mounting holes. Sharp

objects may damage the plated-through
Equipment recommended in Table 1-2 should be
conducto r.
u sed for testing and troubleshooting the Power
M eter to ensure that it is operating within the
specifications listed in Table 1-1. Test equipment . Use suction device or wooden toothpick to
that meets or exceeds the critical specifications r emove solder from component mounting holes .
listed may be u sed in place of recommended
equipment. d. After soldering, remove excess flux from the
soldered areas and apply protective coating to
prevent contamination and corrosion.
8-7 . REP AI R
After repairing any circuitry w ithin t he Power . 8-1 , Component R eplacement
M eter, refer to Section V and perform the The following procedures are recommended when
adj ustments. component replacement is necessary :
Perform the tests in Section IV to ensure that the , Remove d efective component from board.
instrument is operating within t he specified
limits . b. Ifcomponent was unsoldered, remove solder
from mounting holes with suction device or
NOTE wooden toothpick.
If th e 3 Power Refe rence Assem bly is
repa ir e d, see the Power Reference Out- . Shape leads of replacement component to
put test in Section I Vfo r instructions on match mounting hole spacing.
setting the powe r o utput level.

8-8. GENER AL S ERV IC E I NF O RM ATIO N Although not recommended when bot h
s ides of the circuit boa rd are accessible,
8-9. E tc h ed Circuit B oards axial lead components such as resisto rs
The etched c ircuit boards used in Hewlett-Packard and tubular capacitors can be rep l aced
equipment are the plated-through type consisting without unsoldering. Clip leads near
of metallic conductors bonded to both s ides of an body or defect ive component, remove
insulating material. The metallic conductors are component and straighten lea ds l eft in
extended through t he component holes or inter- boa rd. Wrap leads of repl acemen t com-
connect holes by plating process. Soldering can ponent one turn around o rigina l l ea d s.
be p erformed on either s ide of the board with Solder wrapped connection and clip off
equally good results. Table 8-1 lists recommended excess lead.
tools and materials for use in repairing etched
circuit boards. Following are recommendations d. Insert component leads into mounting holes
and precautions pertinent to etched circuit repair and position component as original was posi-
work. tioned . Do not force leads into mounting holes ;
sharp lead ends may damage the plated-through
. Avoid unnecessary component substitution ; conductor.
it can result in damage to the circuit board and/or
adj acent components .
8-11 . Operational Am plifiers
b. Do not u se high power soldering iron on The source of gain in an operational amplifier can
etched circuit boards. Excessive heat may lift b e characterized as an ideal, differential voltage
conductor or damage the board or component. amplifier having l ow output impedance, high -
put impedance, and very high differential gain.
CA U TIO N The output of an operational amplifier is propor-
tional to the difference in the voltages applied to
Do n ot u se s harp metal obj ect such as the two input terminals. In u se, the amplifier out-
an awl o r twist drill to remove solder put drives the input voltage difference close to zero
through feedback path.

8-3
Se rvi ce Model 435

Ta b le 8-1 . E tc h e d Circ u it Sol d ering E q u ipment

S p ecificat ion .----~ - Item R ecommen d e d

Soldering r
Wattage ating: 471/2-561/2 Ungar No. 776 h andle with
Unsoldering Tip Temp: 850-900 degrees *Ungar No. 4037 H eating
Uni t

Soldering tip* Soldering *Shape: pointed * Ungar No. PL111

Unsoldering

Suction device Soldapult by Edsyn Co.

Aid from connection Arleta, California

Resin (fl ux) R emove excess flux from Must n ot dissolve etched cir- Freon, A ceton, L acquer
soldered area before cuit base b oard material or Thinner, I sopropyl Alcohol
application of protective conductor bonding agent. (100% dry)
coating.

Solder Component replacement R esin (flix) core, high tin

Circuit board repair content (60/40 tin/lead),
Wiring 18 gauge (SWG) preferred

Protective Contamin ation, Goo d electrical insulation, Silicone R esin s uch as

coating corrosion protection corrosion-prevention properties GE DRI-FILM **88 -~

*Forworkingon etched boards ; for general purpose work, use Ungar No. 1237 H eating Unit (37.5W, tiptemperature of 750-800degrees) and
Ungar No. PL113, 1/8-inch chisel tip.
**General Electric Co ., Silicone Products Dept., Waterford, New York, U .S.A .

Operational Amplifiers (Cont'd) Figures 8-2, 8-3, and 8-4 show t ypi cal o perational
When troubleshooting an operational a mplifie r cir- amplifier configurati o n s. Fig ure 8-2 sh ows -
cuit, m easure the voltages at the two inputs; the inv erting buffer amplifier wi t h ga in o f 1. Figure
difference b etween these v oltages should be less 8-3 is non-inverting amplifier with gain deter-
than minded
10 mV. (Note : This troubl eshooting procedure by R1 and R2. Figure 8-4 is an inverting
will not work for o perational amplifiers which are amplifier with gain d etermined by R1 and R2.
configured as comparato rs.) difference voltage
muc h greater t han 10 mV indicates troubl e in the
amplifier or its external circuitry. U sually, this dif-
fer ence will be several volts and one of th e inputs
will b e v ery c lose to on e o f th e supply vol tages (e.g., I NPU T
+12V or -12V).

Next, check t he amplifier 's output vo l tage. It will

probably a lso b e close to one of the s upply voltages
(e.g., ground, +12V, or -12V). Ch eck to see that the
output conforms to the inputs. For exampl e, if the
inverting input is more p ositiv e th an t h e non-
inverting input, the output should be n egativ e; if I NPUT I MPEDA NC E-VER Y H IG H
the non-inverting input is more positive than t he OU T PUT I MPE DA N C E-VER Y L O W
inverting input, the output should be positive. If t he
output conforms to the inputs, check the amplifier's
external circuitry. If the amplifier's output does n ot
conform to its inputs, it is probably defect ive. F ig u re 8-2. Non-inverting Amplifier (Gain =1)

8-4


Mo d e l 435 Service

OUTPUT INPU T

R2 ' R2 -
~7 R1 R1
_. .~11rc_ -~
INPU T I MPE DA N CE-VERY HIG H INPUT IMPEDA NC E- R 2
O UT PU T I MPE DA NCE - VERY LO W OUTPU T I MPE DA NCE - VERY LOW

Figu re 8-3. Non-Inverting Am plifier (Gain = 1 + 111/1`12) Fig ure 8-4 . Inverting Am plifier (Gai n = - 1/f;2)

SC HEM ATIC DIAG RAM NOT ES

SWITC H D ESIG NATIO NS

EXAMPLE : A3SIAR (2-1/2)

A3S1 =SWITCH S1 W IT H I N
ASS EMBL Y 3

W
= 1ST A FER FR O M
FR O N T (A=1 ST, E TC)
(0
R = RE A R O F WA FER
( F = FR O N T)

(2-1/2) =T ERM I N A L L OCATIO N

(2-1/2) (V I EWE D FR O M
FR O N T)

Figure 8-5. Sc hematic Diagram Notes ( of 31

Se rvice Model 435

SC HEM ATIC DIAG R AM N OT E S

Aster i sk denotes factory-selected value. V alue shown is typical. P art

- might be omi tted.

Tool-aided adj ust ment. 0 Manual co ntrol.

En closes fr ont-pa n el d es ignation.

r -1
J En cl oses rea r-p anel d es ignation.

Cir cuit assembly borderlin e.

Other assembly borderlin e. Also used to indi cate mecha n ica l interco n-
nection (gangin g).

H eavy line with arrows indi cates pat h and direction of mai n sign al.

H eavy dashed line with arrows indicates pat h and direction o f ma in

fee db ac k.

cw Wiper moves toward C W with cl ockwise r otation of co ntrol (as vi ewed

fr om s haft or kn ob) .

Numb ered Test point. Lettered Test poin t.

M easurement aid No measurement
pr ovided. aid pr ovided.

En closes wir e color code. Code used is the sa me as the res istor co lor co de.
First number identifies the base color, seco nd numb er identifies the wider
stripe, third numb er identifies the narrower strip e. Eg ., 94 denotes
white base, yell ow wide stripe, violet narrow st ripe.

direct co nduct in g co nn ection to the earth, or co nduct in g connection

to st ructur e that has similar function (e .g., the frame of an air, sea or
l and vehicle).

co nductin g co nn ection to ch assis or fr ame.

147 Co mm on co nn ection s. All like-designated poin ts are conn ected.

6 Letter = off-page connection.

Numb er = Se rvice S heet numbe r for off-page conn ection.

z _ .. Bilateral sw itc h - acts as an on/off switch to analog signals wh en the

U 1A
~F1
(C M Os) input mark ed F is active.

Fig u re 8-5. Sc h ematic Dagra m N otes (2 of 3)

8- 6
M od el 435 Service

Test point symbols. Stars are numbe red or l ette red fo r easy correlation Interconnection i n fo rm at i o n .
of sc hemat i c diagrams, proced ur es, and locato r illustrations.
Ci rcled letter i ndicates ci rcuit
Arrow connecting star to meas- Star sh own connected to pat h continues on anoth e r
ur ement po in t signifi es no circuit signifi es m easuri ng aid sc hematic diagram . Look for
measurin g ai d provided. (metal post, circuit pad, etc.) same ci rcled letter on service
provi d ed . sh eet i n dicated b y a dj acent
bold n u mb er (3, in this
exam p le).

Plug-in connection i nf ormation.

Socket designation fo r 2 assem b ly .

Numb er i n dicates
Asse mbly na me _ \ I pi n o f socket (XA2).

Stage na me .3 not mo unted

\2 DC R E G UL AT O R ASSY ( 08708-60007)
on assem b l y 2.
2
S ER I E S

2
00- RE G UL ATO R
7-0 3
J3

AS + F5
REFEREN( S G'L OUTLINED ----
R 4BNRfv IiED FUI DfS GNniION IN
(L1J0% 15L, ,, OF ASSE EL .
947 2 , S C OF F c . ARE
-

Non-plug-in
co nn ection
inform ation .
So l der point
na med.

REFEREN CE DE SIG N ATIO N

Co nn ecto r sy mbo ls within the NO PREF IX 2 ASSY

Dagger indi cates b ord erlin es of cir cuit asse mb-
2 C1

2
circuit change . See lies signify co nn ecti ons to the
asse mbly whi ch are separate fr om J3 Q1
section VII.
th ose ma de thro ugh t he in tegr al 2 R1
Conductin g conn ection plug pa rt of t h e asse mbly.
to chassis or frame.
Asterisk in dicates facto ry
se l ecte d co mp onents . (See
section V) .
Valu e selected for best operation.
2
Valu e show n i s average or most
co mm only se lected valu e.

Wir e co lor code . Code used (MIL-STD -681) is the Reference desi gnators deleted
same as the resistor col o r code . First number by cir cui t changes are liste d
i de ntifies the base co l or, second numb er the wide r here.
strip e, an d the third numb er t he narrower stripe.
Large numb ers in lower right
E xample: den otes whi te base, ye ll ow co rn ers of schematic diagrams
947
wide strip e, violet na rrow strip e. are service sh eet num be rs.
Th ey a re pr ov id ed for co n-
Li st of all the re ference desig- ve nience in trac in g in te r
nations on the di ag ram. co nnecti ons.

F igure 8-5. Sch ematic Diagram N otes (3 of 3)

8- 7
Servi ce Model 435

S ERV IC E S HEET 1 viding an exceptionally stable o utput level. The

calibrated output i s 1 m W 0.70% at 50 5 MHz .
PR I NCI PLE S O F O PERATIO N

General P ower Supply

Th e P ower Meter and compatible po w er se nsor The P ower S upply is 24 V series regulator with
a re u sed to measure RF power levels . F or example, shun t regulator co upled across the output. The
the power range of the HP Model 8481 is from -35 shun t regulato r places ground potential midway
to +20 dBm (---0 .3 W to 100 m W) in to 5051; the between the 24V p otential difference thus provid
frequency range i s from 10 MHz to 18 GHz. ing supply outputs o f+12 and -12 Vdc. The battery
charging and test circuits are automatically oper-
ative with the battery insta lled.
Power Sensor
The power sensing device dissipates the input RF
energy into 50 ohms and produces do v oltage T R O UBLE S H OOTI NG
proportional to the power level. Thi s do v oltage i s
General
sampled creating an ac signal whi ch is coupled to
the I nput Amplifi er for amplifi catio n. Before beginnin g to troubleshoot the Power Mete r,
remove the cove r fro m the right side of t he instru
ment and meas ure t he power supply voltages at
AC Amplifiers/Range Switch
9 and I .F .M.
The ac signal is a mplifie d by t he power sensor's
Input Amplifi e r and th e P ower Meter's Fir st, When malfuncti onin g component i s i solate d to
Second and Third Amplifier s. Th e RANGE switch an assembly or stage, refer to the appropri ate Ser-
attenuato rs, which a re place d b et ween t he First vice Sheet for comp on ent l evel troubleshooting.
and Second and Second and Third amplifi ers, are
u sed to set the r a nge-to- range gain o f the P ower
Bloc k Diagram Troubles h ooting Conditions
Meter amplifi e rs.
The waveforms and v oltages shown are normal
when oper at ing under the following conditions.
DC Circuits
The Synchronous D etector converts the ac signal
back to dc. The output i s coupled to the D C Ampli-
To ex hibit the co rrect waveforms in t he
fier via Low Pass Filter network. The D C Ampli-
fier drives the meter, the Servo Amplifier and pos- RANG E pos itions shown, the powe r
sensor (as part of the measurement sys-
sibly an ex tern al device through the RECORDER
tem) must meas ure power from -35 to
OUTPUT jac k.
+20 dBm (50 11) .
Servo Amplifier/Auto Zero
. PO WER ME T ER AN D S EN SO R. Set t h e
The Servo Amplifie r amplifies the D C Amplifier Pow e r Meter's RANGE switch to the 1 mW pos i-
o utput. When the fro nt panel ZERO switch is tion, C AL FACTOR switch to 100% and the r ear
pressed, the Servo Amplifi er output is connected to panel POWER REF switch to (ON). Connect the
the Auto Zero circuits completing the automatic power sensor to the P ower Mete r's POWER REF
zeroing feedback loop. The Auto Zero do output O U TPUT j ack.
v oltage (error signal) i s added to the ambient
temperature output of the power sensor's power b . POWER ME T ER AN D HP M OD EL 11683
sensing device. The polarity o f the error signal R A N G E CA L I BR ATO R . Set the Power Meter's
and the feedback loop gain force the D C Amplifi er RAN GE switch to the 1 mW position and C AL
output to ground pote ntial after five seconds. FACTOR switch to 100%. Set the R ange Ca li-
When the ZERO switch is r eleased, the Auto Zero brator's RANGE switch to 1 m W, P O LARITY
circuits h old t he error signal consta nt. switch to N ORMAL and FUNCTION s witch to
STANDBY. Connect the R ange Calibrator to the
P ower Reference Assembly P ower Meter with t he power sensor cable. Set the
The 3 Power Reference A ssembly contains 50 Ran ge Calibr ate FUN CTI ON s witc h to
MHz oscill ator with an ALC loop capable of pro- CALIBRATE.

8-8
M odel 435

S ERV IC E S HEE T 1 (Cont'd) M iscellaneous

Voltages at 4,, 5 6 and 12 are correct as shown
for full-scale m eter readings on any range.
AC Amplifiers
If t he w aveform a nd/or voltage at 1 i s inco r- Wit h full scal e inpu t, on 1 mW range only, press-
in
rect, it must be determined if the circui t m alfunc- g the front pan el ZERO switch s hould pr oduce
tion is in t he Po wer Meter, power senso r or ca ble. meter reading of a bout 0.96. If the reading is incor-
Substitution w ill quickly isolate the defective in- rect, r efer to Section V a nd perform t h e adj ust-
strument. If spar e cable and power senso r o r me nts. If theproblem still exists, refer to Auto Z ero
range calibr ato r is not available, refer to the trou- circuit troubl es hooting on Service Sheet 3.
bleshooting information for the First Amplifier on noise pr oblem evident as meter vibr ation may
Service Sheet 2. Also, check t he multivibr ator o ut- be due to d e fective components illustr ated on Ser-
put (7 and 8) of the P ower Meter. vice Sheets 2, 3, or 4.
d I - -r-7 __ r-- i __ rI 22oNz
 Servi ce

0.36V
re.-/ )

\ / \ 22

SYNCHKONOUS
,C.
Sm ;
/)

-~--L~- 12209k

/ V,- -

o dc -- -- -- ~

NOTES
/. V/ / 2 Wg V^--
CORRECT FOR FULL
SCA LE S/ pN9L q
. , / 4 51 6 /2) .

SET COWT.POLS S POL 0WS.'

7 2  , /MW
C.9L 1.9CX0R . . . . . . . / %
0e. .F. . . . . . . .
CONNECTPoCR SENSO,e
7-0,-0 R .2FOU TPUT
./ C.
$ESUL 7/ 7,9V47.$',9N,9
W/! VCFORIWS 19
SHO WN
gTECN TEST/,

F igure 8-6 . Troublesh ooting B loc k Diagram

8-9
S ERV IC E S HEE T 2
PR I NCI PLE S O F O PERATIO N
General
The RF input power coupled to the power sensor i s dissipated by
th e l oad impedance of the power sensin g devi ce. Th e do output of
th e power sensing d evice is converte d to 220 Hz ac si gna l by
samplin g gate (chopper) circuit. The ac sign al, whi c h i s propor-
ti on al to th e RF input, i s a mplifi e d by t uned ac amplifi ers in th e
power sensor and Power Meter. Th e Synchronou s D etector con-
verts the amplifie d 220 Hz ac signa l back to do l evel which also
i s proportional to the RF input.
The RAN GE switch attenuato network s attenuate th e ac signal
for higher power inputs. Thi s allows equal m easure ment resolu-
ti on for high and l ow power level s. The Synchronous Detector and
sampling gate ci rcuit (in th e power sensor) are driven in ph ase
by the 220 Hz Mul tivbrator.
A 4U4B is connected as v oltage follower between the input
signal ground and signal g round . Thi s circuit ensures min-
imum v oltage difference exists b etween thegrounds thereby elim-
inating t he possibility of unreliable readin gs. High current flow,
through t h e ground return ofcabl es which are greater than 5 feet
l ong, causes the voltage difference.

First Amplifier
The First Amplifier of the P ower Meter and t he power sensor's
amplifier stage form low-noise high-gain hybrid operational
amplifier (refer to the figure b elow). The ac gain is appr oxim ate ly
750; do bias is set by A4R1, R 2, R 6, R 10 and R11.

P O WER SENSO R PO WER ME TER

~

1+12 Vd c

SAMPLEDAC
INPUT 220 Hz

-- 3 --- - OUTPU T

31 .6 _

1070 . IF
SH A P I N G 22.1
NE TW O RK

1000
-12
PO WER SENSO R CABLE

H y bri d Operational Amplifier

S ERV IC E S HEE T 2 (Cont'd)
Diodes A4CR1, CR2, VR 1 and VR2 and their associated co mpo-
nents are p art of s h aping n et work w hich co mpensates for the
non-linear butput of the p ower sensor's p ower sensing d evice. A t
RF inputs n ear the maximum power input (100 mW for Mode l
8481), t he power sensing d evice is slightly more efficient and th e
hybrid amplifier's gain is reduce d sl ightly to pr ovide an overall
response t h at is linear.

The combin ation ofA4C5, R 8 and R9 i s one of three RC networks

in the ac a mplifiers whi ch determine the high frequency c utoff
(240 Hz) of the 220 20 Hz bandpass. A 4C1, C6 and C30 are line
noise filters.

R ange Switc h
The RANGE switch and associated co mponents on the 4 and 5
assemblies form two separate attenuator netwo rk s and low pass
filter (t h e filter i s shown a nd discussed on Service Sh eet 3).

With hi gher power RF inputs, r elatively high v oltages are

couple d to the attenuator inputs. The hi gher the v oltage th e more
it i s atte nu ated, thus allowing for greater sensitivity n ee d e d for
low p ower measurements whil e providi ng the n eede d resolution
fo r each range. The various l evels of atte nuatio n permit ten usa-
ble range p ositions from 3 W to 100 mW (full scal e). The follow-
ing table shows the individual and combin ed effect of t he attenu-
ators on the ac signal.

The b andpass of the ac amplifiers in the Po wer Meter is approxi-

mately 220 20 Hz. The l ower cutofffrequency (200 Hz) i s fixed by
t he co mbination of A4C7 with A5R1, A 5R2 and A4R19 ; also
A 4R15 with A5R3, A5R4, A5R5 and A4R20.

Attenu ation
RA N G E
N etwo rk #1 N etwork #2
Switc h Total
P ositio n (A51`11, R2 and (00,1`14,115
191 a nd A4R 20)

3 + 1 +1 +1
10 W + 1 10 + 101/2
30 W +1 100 10
100 W +1 - 1000 103/ 2
300 W 1000 + 10 102
1 MW 1000 100 . . 105/2
3 mW + 100 1000 103
10 MW + 1000 + 10 107/ 2
30 mW + 1000 100 104
100 MW 1000 - 1000 109/2
SE RV IC E SHEE T 2 (Cont'd)

Second Amplifier
A4U2 and U3 and associated components are operational ampli-
fiers with voltage gains of about 25 each. Gain for A4U2 is deter-
mined by MR22 and R23; for A4U3 by A4R27 and R28. Bias
current is provided for A4U3 by MR25.

The tuned amplifiers upper bandpass limit (240 Hz) is set by the
p arallel RC networks of 4C11 and R22, A4C14 and R27 and
parallel RC network in the First Amplifier.

Th ird Amplifier
A4U4A and its associated components form an operational
a mplifier' stage with variable voltage gain from 1.3 to 3.4. The
front panel CAL ADJ gain control is set to compensate for differ-
ences in sensitivity o f individual power sensors. The gain is
determined by MR24, R21 and the CAL ADJ control R1 .

Sync h ronous Detector

The phase shift ofthe 220 Hz signal through the tuned amplifiers
is approximately zero . Because the phase shift is minimal, error
introduced into the system is also minimal. This ensures that the
detector output is proportional to the RF power input level.

The Synchronous Detector, like the sampling gate circuit in the

power sensor, is driven by the 220 Hz Multivibrator drive signal .
W hen A4Q6 is biased on, the equivalent sampling gate FET
(which is connected to ground) is also on. Therefore, negative
going signal is coupled to the ac amplifiers. Because there i s no
phase inversion of the signal throughout the ac amplifiers, the
output ofthe Third Amplifier is also the negative going portion of
t he distorted s inusoidal waveform. During this h alf cycle current
flows from g round through A4Q6 and R26to change C12 and C13.
positive voltage is stored on the positive terminal ofC13. W hen
the 220 Hz drive signal turns A4Q6 off and Q7 on, the Third
Amplifier output is the positive going p ortion of the distorted
s inusoidal waveform. This positive going signal is superimposed
on the voltage across C12 and C13 such that the peak voltage is
about twice the peak voltage of the Third Amplifier output. This
voltage charges MC 16 through R26 and Q7. The do output vol-
tage is coupled across do pass filter to the DC Amplifier.

TR O UBLE S H OOTI N G

General
Before attempting to troubleshoot the circuits represented by this
schematic, verify that the p ower supply is operating properly.
The voltage on 9 should be +12 Vdc; on 10, -12 Vdc.

The important characteristics of the waveforms shown on this

schematic are the frequency and peak-to-peak voltage. If the
shape of the waveform varies slightly, the performance of the
S ERV IC E SHEE T 2 (Cont'd)
system will not be degr aded. M easurin g and recordin g do vol-
tages and comparing them with t he normal levels shown on the
schematics may help to isol ate d e fective co mponents. Refer to
General Service Information (in Sect ion VIII) with regard to
operational amplifi er c ir cuits .

The w aveforms and voltages s hown on t h e schematic arenormal

w hen operating under the following co nditions.

To exhibit the correct wavefo rms in the R ANGE
switch positions indicated, the p owe r sensor (as
part of the measurement syste m) must meas ure
power from -35 to +20 dBm into 50 load.

. P OWER M ET ER AN D S EN SO R. Set the Power Meter's

RANGE switch to the 1 mW position, CAL FA CTOR switch to
100% and t he rear panel POWER REF switch to (ON) . Connect
the power sensor to the Power Meter's POWER REF OUTPUT
j ack.
b. POWER ME T ER AN D HP M OD EL 11683 RAN GE CA L I-
BR ATO R . Set the Power Meter's RANGE switch to the 1 mW
p os ition and CAL FACTOR switch to 100%. Set th e Range Cali-
brator's RANGE switch to 1 mW, POLARITY swi tch to NOR-
MAL and FUNCTION s witch to STANDBY . Connect the Range
Calibr ato r to the Power Meter with the power sensor ca ble. Setthe
Range Calibr ator FUNCTION switch to CALI BRATE .

First Amplifier
To troubleshoot th e hybrid operational amplifier effectiv ely, con-
sider the co mplete amplifier as shown on the schematic on the
opp os ite foldout and the power sensor's schematic.

The bias levels may be u sed most effectively to isolate theproblem

to the Power Meter. If t he do voltage at 1 is correct but th e ac
voltage is incorrect, d efective co mponent pr obably exi sts in the
power sensor before the signal is input to the hybrid amplifier.

An ac voltage coupled with positive voltage (=+3 Vdc) at A4U1

pin 2 would indicate defect in the power sensor's hybrid ampli-
fier input or th e interco nnect cable. If t he voltage at pin 2 is about
0.0 Vdc, the defective comp o nen t i s probably in thePower Meter's
First Amplifier.

positive voltage at 1 indicates the malfunction is probably in

the Power Meter's First Amplifier.

Do not o verlook t heposs i b ili ty t h at aproblem can
exist in the Auto Zero circui ts sh own on Servi ce
Sheet 3.
S ERVICE S HEET 2 (Cont' d)
An increase d noise l evel may be ca u sed by C1, C6 or C30 line
noi se filters.

Ran ge-to- range inaccur ac y between the 100 mW range and

anoth er range may be due to shaping cir c uit defect.

Range Switch

Range-to-range inaccur acy which is caused by the RANGE

s witch attenuators can easily be iso lated by performing one ofthe
In strumentation Accur acy Performance T ests (refer to Section
IV) .

T h ird Amplifier
Adjust the CAL ADJ control from its pr esent settin g to the
stop. Then adjust th e co ntrol to the stop. The meter r ea ding
will norm ally change by 2 dB (>4 dB from stop to stop). The ac
voltage at 4 will change from the nominal setting to approxi-
mately -35% (ccw stop) and +70% ( stop).

Sync hronous Detector

The phase chan ge ofthe 220 Hz s ignal between the power sensor's
sampling gate and the Synchr onous Detector cannot be mea-
sured directly b ecause the d etector output is do rather than ac.
H owever, the phase difference at 4 (the input to the detector
c ircuit) can b e measured. Because the phase change between 4
and the detecto r is kn own, the phase relationship between the
drive signal (7)' and th e 4 signal indicates th e total phase
shift through the ac amplifi ers. This is the step-by-ste p procedure
for c hecking phase shift.
. Set the P ower Meter and (if use d) the range calibr ator con-
trols as shown in the general troubleshooting information above.
b. Connect th e oscillosco pe's vertical inputs to the 220 Hz
drive (7) through divide-by-ten probe (C hannel ) and to 4
through o ne-to-o ne probe (C hannel ).
. Set the oscillosco pe con trols as follows: Channel sensitiv-
ity to 0.05V/division w ith ac coupling, Channel sensitivity to
0.2V/divi sion, horizontal sweep to 0.5 ms/division and the dis-
play mode to Ch annel and , c hopped with triggering from .
d. Adjust the v erti ca l p osition co ntrols until both traces are
symetrical with resp ect to the horizontal center line (refer to the
typical waveform b el ow).
e. Set the tim e base magnifier control to 10. The horizontal
scale is now 50 As/division (refer to the expanded wavefo rm
below).

Troubleshooting
B lock Diagram ,
S ERVICE S HEET
Service Model 435

S ERV IC E S H EE T 2 (Cont' d)

150 s

TY P ICA L WA VEF O RM E X P A N D E D WA V E F O RM

F ig u re 8-7. Multivi b rator/Detector Wavefor ms

f. Set the P ower Meter 's rear panel POWER g. Set the P ower Meter's P OWER REF s witch
REF s witch to OFF o r set t h e r ange calibrator's to (ON) or set the r ange calibrator's FUNCTION
FUNCTION s witch to STANDBY . With t he oscil- switch to CALIBRATE. The z ero cr oss ing of the
losco pe's Channel p osition control, set the trace C h ann el (4) trace should lag the driv e sign al
representing z ero inpu t at 4 to the grid horiz- by 150 75 s.
ontal center line.

5 ASS EM BL Y

7 1 NOTE : ( J 1) A ND ( 4) A RE ON
O PP OSIT E SID E O F B OA R D

F ig u re 8-8. 5 Moth er B oar d Com p o n en t Locations

8-10
M o d e l 435

/ 4 ASS EMBLY

F igure 8-9. /0 4 Assembl y (AC Amp l/Sy nc Detector) Compone n t Locatio ns

 / h'/419 W. Se , y S5L (' 0435-600.33)

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Referencs d esignations within outline (---) a em

lakes abbreviated . Full designation ds Assembly
N umbere
er ; e .g., RI of Assembly Al is AIRI . Designations of
other components are complete as shown .

,F,q5/50.e F /. CGU/ 7VEW ~/-3

/47f7 C/,PCU/' VOL7fXjE 1170 Vlew
5'/ /$ -,9A'7- NUMBE.PS C~oUNO CO NNECT/5 . NC
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./-2, 66-
68, 5, 76 4 5
7 -8 Ql, 2 /853 - 2 U l,2 tl2V - /3
7, // q3-s 0071 -/2 / (-)/!/2 6(-)/Yj (-) /112 6
Q617 /BSS- 0020 - 5
V/, 2 611-3 /26 - 001
.3
/826 - 92 NC - /2
W/
4S (+) /U 3 5(+) /U (+)/U 3 SOFFSETNUCL
45 /, 2 1111 -1171 4 V-
:


/, 2 /C7
70 C : / CDNNECTO CASE
/, 2
2'-6
5 Ul, 2
K//
4

40 -45,4 9-50
/1, 4

F igure 8-10 . /0 4 Assembly (AC Am p l/Sync Detector)

Sc hematic Diagram

8-11
S ERVIC E S HEET 3
PR I N CI PLE S OF O PER ATIO N
General
The input from the Synchronous Detector passes through Low
Pass Filter before i t is amplified by t he DC Amplifier. The output
drives the M eter, the Servo Amplifier, and may also b e coupled
through the RECORDER OUTPUT j ack to drive 'an external
device such as an -y recorder . The gain oft he DC Amplifier is set
by the CAL FACTOR switch .

The Servo Amplifier generates an error voltage ifthe DC Ampli-

fier o utput is not ground potential. Without an RF input coupled
to the power sensor, the DC Amplifier output is very close to 0 Vdc.
When the ZERO switch is pressed, the Servo Amplifier error
offset v oltage is coupled to the Auto Zero circuits . The error vol-
tage is processed, attenuated and coupled across the power sen-
sor's power sensing device output as zeroing correction voltage.
This correction voltage is of e qual do l evel but opposite pplarity to
the output of the p ower sensing device (no RF input) . With the
corrected input voltage, the DC Amplifier output is exactly zero.
When the ZERO switch is released, the Servo Amplifier output
voltage is stored within t he Auto Zero circuits and the correction
voltage r emains coupled across the output of the power sensing
device. (Refer to the Auto Zero feedback diagram below.)

PO WER
S-
EN SI N G I NPUT _ AC SYN C DC
D EV IC E A MPL I F I ER A MPL I F I ER S DETE CTO R AMPL I F I ER

A U TO ZERO ~. _
Z ERO (~ 1 S ERV O
A MPL I F I ER -'

A uto Zero F ee db ac k P at h
SERV IC E SHEET 3 (Cont'd)

DC Amplifier
The inputto the DC Amplifier is filtered by two-stage Low Pass
Filter A4R29 and C17; R30 and C18. On the three most sensitive
ranges additional filtering is introduced by components which
are mounted on the 1 Switch Assembly.

The DC Offset control A4R32 is set to eliminate any do offset

voltage introduced by t he DC Amplifier. The gain of the DC
Amplifier is controlled by A4R38, A4R33 and AlR 1-15. The gain
is variable from approximately 5.3 to 6.2 in 15 one-percent steps
as determined by the CAL FACTOR switch . The CAL FACTOR
switch setting i s dependent on the frequency response of t he
power sensing device (refer to the chart on the p ower sensor case).

The DC Amplifier drives the M eter, Servo Amplifier and an

external instrument through the rear panel RECORDER OUT-
PUT j ack. The M eter control, A4R35, i s used to calibrate the meter
with known input. Thermistor A4RT1 compensates for c hanges
in sensitivity of the meter due to temperature. Diodes CRl1 and
CR12 at the output of the DC Amplifier, U5, prevent the meter
needle from being damaged if excess power is applied to the
meter.

Servo Amplifier
The DC Amplifier output is coupled to A4R39, the Servo Amplifier
input. Because of the high do gain (=7000) small do output from
the DC Amplifier U5 produces l arge error voltage at the Servo
Amplifier U6 output . When the ZERO switch is pressed, this error
voltage is coupled to the Auto Zero circuit.

Capacitor A4C21 with R43 gives the Servo Amplifier the charac-
teristics of low pass filter . The Auto Zero Offset Control A4R42
is set to remove any do offset voltage introduced by the Servo
Amplifier.

Auto Zero Circuit

When the front p anel ZERO switch S2 is pressed, A4Q17 is turned
on, the collector voltage goes positive which places do voltage
across relays 41 and41 1 . The RF BLANKING OUTPUT
is now coupled to ground by 41 and the Servo Amplifier error
voltage is coupled to A4A1Q1 and A4A1C1 by 4 1 1.

The error voltage from the Servo Amplifier biases Q1 which pro-
duces an equivalent error voltage at Q1 source. This voltage is
attenuated by A4A1R2, A4A1R4 and A4R74. The voltage is
further attenuated in the power sensor and is coupled across the
ambient temperature do output of the power sensing d evice as
correction voltage. The algebraic sum o f the do voltages is ampli-
fied a nd coupled back to the Auto Z ero input. Because the feed-
ack loop is negative path, the correction voltage across the
power sensing device output b egins to change and continues to do
S ERVICE S HEET 3 (Cont'd)
so until it is the same level but opposite polarity as the p ower
sensing device output . The input to the Power Meter circuits goes
to zero which means the DC Amplifier output i s also zero. W hen
the ZERO switch is released, relay 4 1 1 opens and the final
Servo Amplifier error voltage i s stored on A4A1C1 at the high
impedance input to A4A1Q1. The correction voltage across the
power sensing device remains constant as long as the error vol-
tage remains on C1.

Diodes A4CR4 and A4A1CR1 reduce voltage spikes caused by

s witching the relays. A4R69 also
reduces switching transients in the feedback path.

The voltage which appears at the source of A4A1Q1 is coupled to

A4U6 pin 2 through A4R44, C20 and C19. This voltage tends to
k eep the Servo Amplifier o utput constant when the ZERO switch
is first pressed . I t dampens the violent change which tries to occur
because of the high gain o f the Servo Amplifier. The initial
change thus occurs slowly .

A4A1R1 establishes an RC time constant (1s) with A4A1C1

which averages out the thermal noise during the zeroing
operation.

The special construction o f t he 41 assembly a nd the high gate

impedance of A4A1Q1 reduce leakage from A4A1C1 and thus
increases the correction voltage storage time.

A4A1R2, R3, R4, C2, C3 and C4 are part of frequency response

network which keeps the auto zero feedback loop from oscillating
during the zeroing sequence .

A4R46, R45 and A4A1R4 form voltage divider stick. The Bal-
ance control A4R46 removes the do offset introduced by t he Auto
Zero circuit thus centering its effective range at 0 Vdc.

T R OUBLE SH OOTI NG
General
Before attempting to troubleshoot these circuits, verify that the
power supply is operating properly. The voltage on 9 should be
+12 Vdc; on 10, -12 Vdc.

If the do offset controls A4R32, R42 or R46 are incorrectly

adj usted, the Auto Zero circuits may not respond properly. Refer
to the adjustment procedures in Section V.

Noise problems may be due to defective components in the Low

Pass Filter (especially t he three most sensitive ranges) or the
Servo Amplifier which is an active low pass filter. noise prob-
lem in the Servo Amplifierwill be evident only during the zeroing
sequence .
SERVICE SHEET 3 (Cont' d)

DC Amplifier and Servo Amplifier

Measure the do input and output voltages . Verify that the ampli-
fier o utputs r espond properly to the inputs. For troubleshoot ing
operational amplifiers r efer to General Servi ce Information in
Section VIII. Servo Amplifi er problem will be evident only
during the zeroing se quence.

Auto Zero Assembly

The no rm al value r ange of the offset error voltage at i s about
-14 to +14 mVdc. The power sensing device normally exhibi ts
slight pos itiv e output due to ambient temperature, therefore, th e
normal correction v oltage i s slightly negative, hence -4 mVd c.

The v oltage measured at will provide an indication o f how

long the charge i s retained on A 4A 1C1 . The voltage should
remain virtually unchanged (1 mVd c) for 24 hours.

If any component on the 41 assembly is found to be defect ive,

the entire assembly must be replaced.

Switc h Assembly and AC Ampl/Sync Detector

/ 1 and / 4
4 SERV ICE SHEET
Servi ce Mo d e l 435

1 S W ITC H ASSEMBL Y

R18
R19
4

(S1) C3

R 15

R 17

R2

R15
R1
(S2)
R 13
R 12
R 10
R 11

: (S1) AND (S2) ARE

O PPOSIT E O F BOA RD

F igure 8-11 . 1 Switc h Assembly Com p onent L ocations

8-12
 / 4 ASSEM BL Y

A UTO ZE R O
DC O FFSET ~ M ETE R O FF SET

:!1
~1 70
R 73
C 4

BA LAN C E

Figure 8-12 . /0 4 Assembly (DC Ampl/Auto Zero) Component Locations

 / 4 AMF'L/F/ .~ fi . .G9! SUFf'L% N.SSE MBL (aD 4.3S- 60 D 33~

~ t/2

.4 ~
-- - -l2 V
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.39 .e '35 -
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( ~SS F"/4 ,2 CH/3RC ED
t /_? rW

R29 /?3
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2
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23

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~/9 941 Reference d esignations wit hin outline (---

blies are abbreviated . F ull designation includ es
?g Num ber; e.g ., R 7 of Assem bly 1 is Al R 1 . D g
/ other components are com p lete as s hown.
93 .
8
/
~, /5 92
t
S27

R"F
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5 . -7 :
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/ // 11/0 /4 /0 /
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'S
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/rRf75.
2, V0L7,C , /!V!,'CO.PA'F.C'
l
FUGG SCALE NPUT/ ,VG
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3. /F Ch10 4/ASSEMBL Y
lS OEFECT/VE -, /~9.SG
U5 ?--,EGyCEG .
F
4. !_Ff? 70 / LAS' OGOOUT / %5'
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D.E ASSEMFL % F CNASSI'
R5 GOCFI/ /gMAMS,
5, ONL Y THE 30..W-/mW e4 5CL /3
SHOWN. 2 SCALES CAN C
RANGE e, /R R4 / -
R2 -/2/ 5/5 30,1, W-/OO-W SCALE /5
lOOKR 5 W / 7AFLE 47W.

R4 5- $ C G WFORMAT/ /A/9C2.
/2 -  Vt . .
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J3, 4 C.Pf, /// /2

R/ /
2,3 Ql7
S2 '0 ZERO S2 229-
46,69- 74
/ ~ f/ R 1
A- 71 J2 2 r,-6,12
US,6
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,el -/9 NS

,e73 6 \
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/ W/

C/7-2/

~ ~
J3 3 J4- Dg7 4C37, C46, C4?

_______
8 934
/2F
~ ~ L/
------ -

within outline (---) ,
F ull designation includes Assemb ly
sembly 1 is 1 R 7. Designations of
m p lete as sh awn. 7W7/,5/R
/ CI.Ee'U/
. US
.F.!C' fd?
5/ S
//
U.'S

4/7 l8S? -38

US' 6 /826 - 003
R
, 5Cgt675
,3W- .3mW- 3m W- 3,u W-
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lr W / MW / W / W
11"IV
3 3m W 3 30W
/ /OM W /W 1'5V-'W
3 30mW 30-W 3W f79 U5, 6
091W /W /W /- W / VIE W

3 "MW 3W 3 VIEW Nc
/
IN /W
3W
/O W /~W 101-8
3, 3 3 W OFFSET NUCL /~
/ /Llm W
,7 V +-

(-)/U 2 06 /

(+JlNPUT ~~5OC FSETNUGL

_
: /~/ 4 CC'7 0CgSE.

WC7,4
Figure 8-13 . /0 4 Assembly (DC Ampl/Auto Zero)
Sc hematic Diagram

8-13
 SERVIC E S HEET 4

PR I N CI PLE S O F OPERATIO N
General
Power sources for the Po w e r Mete r are lin e (Mains) power or the
rechargea ble battery. If t h e battery is being u sed as power
source, it will rece ive cha rging c urrent any t ime the lin e v oltage
i s coupled to the instrum e nt a nd the LINE switch is set to ON.
When t he lin e voltage is di sconnected, the battery automatically
becomes the power source.

CA UTIO N

voltmeter or oscilloscope which is used to mea-

sure the 24V output across the +12 V terminals
must have float ing ground input.

Th e 12V S hunt Regulato r establishes reference ground at the

h alf voltage point of the 24V Series Regulator output and thus
establishes the +12 and -12 Vdc outputs with respect to ground.

Over Voltage P rotectio n Circuit

The O ver Voltage Protection Circuit consists of capacitor C39,
thyristo r Q20, resistors R81 and R82, and zener diode VR6. The
function of this circuit is to prevent component damage in the
p ower supply due to power line transients, wrong v oltages being
applied to the P ower Module (6) or the short ing ofQ 13's collector
to ground .

- 24V Series Regulator

The explanation of the 24V Series Regulator is
based on the assumption that 9 is the refe rence
ground and t he regulato r o utput is 24 Vdc at
.

reference v oltage of -12 Vdc i s esta blished on the b ase of Q1 1 by

VR4. Because Q10 and Q11 are differential amplifier pair
difference in v ol tage b etween th e base of Q11 and t he b ase of Q10,
half the 24V output (re fer to t h e note above), produces an error
output on t he collecto r ofQ 11 . Thi s error voltage is coupled to Q 16,
the regulator driver, and from th e re to Q13, the series regulato r. If,
for exa mpl e, th e output v ol tage s uddenly decreased to -23 volts,
the current throug h Q11 w ould incr ease and t he collector voltage
would become l ess n egative. C urr en t flow t hrough Q16 increases
and the collector vo ltage goes m o re n egative. The emitter voltage
of Q13 follows the co ll ector voltage of Q16 and approac hes -24V.
As the output v oltage beco m es more n egative, the Q10 base vol-
tage also becomes m ore negative until it equals the base v oltage
of Q11 . At thi s instant, the output voltage i s -24 Vdc and the
circuit action (voltage change) ceases.
S ERVICE S HEET 4 (Cont'd)

Regulating action of the 24V supply is started by CR9, R58 and

R60. When t he LINE switch is set to ON, c urrent begins to flow
t hrough R60 and VR4. A s the v oltage increases across VR4,
current begins to flow t hrough Q11 which biases Q13 and Q16 on.
The regulator output begins to increase in negative direction .
The output v oltage biases CR9 which, in turn, causes the voltage
across VR4 to increase . The resulting rapid increase in voltage on
the base ofQ11 keeps it ahead of t hat on the base ofQ10. When t he
Q11 base v oltage stabilizes at -12 Vdc, the lower voltage on Q10
k eeps the output level increasing until it approaches -24 Vdc . At
this point the base v oltages of Q10 and Q11 become equal, the
differential amplifier's error output goes to zero, and t he output is
stabilized at -24V.

C25 and R61 form l ow pass filter which reduces the high gain of
t he circuit at high frequencies thus preventing unwanted oscilla-
tions. R59 and C24 form noise filter for the zener diode.

The input v oltage to the 24V regulator may be as high as 70 Vdc

from t he line v oltage or as l ow as 26 Vdc form the battery .

12V Sh unt Regulator

U 7 is connected as v oltage follower circuit. Chassis ground is
coupled to the inverting input ofU7 and the non-inverting input is
coupled across half the 24V series regulator o utput by v oltage
divider R63 and R64. If the voltage input to pin 3 tries to shift
toward +12 or -12 Vdc, the output from U7 would bring the vol-
tage at U 7 pin 3 back to ground potential .

Battery Test

NOTE
The batte ry test circuit is in operation any time the
LINE switch is set to ON; h oweve r, t he only time
the mete r indication is meaningful i s when t h e
batte ry is supplying power.

W hen t he battery is supplying power for the P ower Meter circuits,

and t he battery is defective or discharged, the b attery test circuit
removes the positive (+12 Vdc) supply voltage from t he D C
Amplifier (A4U5) . This causes full downscale meter indication .

The test circuit measures percentage of the v oltage difference

between t he -12V o utput and the negative battery terminal. As
this v oltage difference decreases to approximately 3 Vdc, Q14

Switch Assembly and DC Ampl/Auto Zero

/ 1 and / 4
S ERV ICE S HEET
Servi ce Model 435

S ERVIC E S HEET 4 (Cont'd) When t he line v oltage i s r emoved, CR7 i s forward .-

biase d by t he current flowin g to the P ower Meter
begins to turn o ff. Th e collector voltage begins to cir cuits from t he battery. CR6 i s turn ed o ff and no
go positive and the change i s transmitte d through curr ent flows through the charging circuit.
R51 and VR5 to Q18 . A s Q18 begins to turn off, its
collector goes more negativ e. negative going
Current L mter .
tr ansient is coupled t hrough R55 to the base ofQ14
whi ch speeds up the turn -off time. The positive If t he curr e nt flo w t hrough the 24V regulato r were
supply voltage is remove d from t he collector of to sudd enly in cr ease to approximate ly 90 mA, Q15
Q18 and also the D C Amplifi er. A s the battery would t urn on and draw the drive current away
voltage i s further redu ced, the series regulated from Q16 . Consequently, the current flow to Q13
output begins to decrease faster t han t he battery would disappear and the regulato r output would
voltage and, eventually, th e 3 v olt threshold volt- be reduced.
age i s exceeded. Q14 i s then biased on, but,
because the battery voltage is less than 20 Vdc,the
T RO UBLE S H OOTI NG
kn ee v oltage ofVR5 cannot be reached. Therefore,
VR5 does not condu ct and Q18 rem a in s biased off. Set the LINE swi tc h to OFF and remove 41(red
wir e) from A4J1 and 4 2 (blue wire) from A4J2.
Thi s disconnects the l oad from the power supply .
B attery C h arger
If the supply voltages ar e now correct, the mal-
If battery has been placed in the P ower Meter as fun ction is not in the power supply .
second ary power source, it i s always being
charged whenever the line voltage i s coupled to If, after removing th e load, the output v oltages
the in strum ent and t he LINE switc h i s ON. With measured are l ess th an normal but of equ al and
ac lin e (Mains) power supplying e n ergy VR3 i s opposite polarity, th e malfunction is probably in
t urn ed on, which biases Q12 for charging cur- the series r egulator cir cuits.
rent ofapproxim ate ly 90 mA. This curren t i s supp-
lied through C R6 to the battery 1. CR7 i s Voltages shown in paren t h esis are for battery
reverse biased while the battery is being charged. operation only.
Mod el 435

/ 4 ASS EMBL Y
+12 Vd c -12 Vd cc
9

Figure 8-14 . /0 4 Assembly ( P ower Su p ply) Component L ocations

//
/00,

/0VAC+5%
-10%4e-66/!t f
360- 440
220, 246 VAC+5-
/.,
-/0%.46-66/4 . ,

ONLY
W,2
CfJBL

POWER 5 )4358: 21
 .'2-
Y)435
.5A

/-/ />s~~~'..~~ su,~PCv

.S3EMBL 43=- -00033)

- 5/
! /. Fr C

R eference d esignations within

-~ b lies are abb reviate d. Full d es
N umber; e .g., RI of Assembly,
(1 51 ot her components are complete
 Se rvi ce

NOTES
/, SEE F/G'U.PE -3 Fa.PSNEMgT/C
/'RHM NOTES .
2. CNNSJlS C.eO U/ /S NCN/~
CC.9/CflL CONTi7CT "U~
FC OfJGGtS BOGTEO 7Yl F,PN.ME"
-3.
1/e- 4 S SX1OWV /-
-'V1,F ,.L W/
POWE.e .
4 CU,E,eNT SHOWN / 2 -
f7ESlS / W/ F. IPEFSW/ C
.
5, 4 -,e7-0 4,9S F0L 0 / 7
/-5'

MANU4L FO,e 4SS~BGY
/ CNHSS/5 PgeTS L OCgT/
/,'.
3 +/2

,PEFE,eENCE OES/6/ONS
NO PREF/ ,44 CONT
8 7-1 /) .e47-65,77,
S/ 9- //
Fl U7
213 V,e3-6
11
R2
s/ ,5
/
W2 Cl
J2, 3
44 2
2/
C2c'-26,2 %4
29, 39
/0' 1,3 196
J/, 2
/
q l0-/6, / 2

.g.S/S0,2
/'k C/,CU/
2 NUMBE,PS
, F,C ,
DES/4/3 NUMBE,PS

L{ /2 /854 - 00 72
4 /3 /853 - 071
q/4,/s lBS - 7/
q /6 /854 - 00.90
O/a /53 -0020
0-10 1,980-0071
7 /92 0 - 0059

,941117
F V/
COMP
OFFSE T V~
NULL

(-) 2 r

VI>-t
(+) 3 s aFFST

9- 4
/D/,V 5' CONNECED 0 C43.

44/2, /
0 VIEW

CO

: COL [ EC' R COl"ECTEO

70 C45-1
.

Reference designations wit hin outline (---) assent.

hlies are abbreviated. F ull designation inclu des Assembly
Num ber; e.g ., R1 of Assembly 1 is 1 RI . Designations of
other components are complete as shown.

14
F 1/4
F igure 8-15. /0 4 Assembly ( Powe r Su p p ly)
Sc h e m atic Diagram

8-1 5
SERVICE S HEE T 5

PR INCI PLE S O F O PERATION

General
The 3 assembly provides 50 5 MHz output at 1 mW 0.7%. The
oscill ator output i s held consta nt by an ALC loop m ade up of
peak detector CR2 and comparator U2. The comparatorreference
input i s from v ery stable +5V power supply composed o f U 1,
VR1, VR2, Q2, and their associate d components. The LEVEL
ADJ control R4 sets the comparator reference whi ch controls the
osc illator feedback level and thereby controls the 3 assembly
POWER REFEREN CE OUTPUT level.

50 MH z Oscillator
The oscill ator circuit i s made up of common emitter amplifier Q1
and its associated co mponents. Resistors R 10, R 11, R12 and R 13
bias Q1 for an emitter c urrent of appr oxim ate ly 5 mA. The
n-network t uned cir cuit (C9, L 2, C10 and C11) d ete rmines the
operating frequency. The amplifi er ac gain is set by t he operating
circuit impedance across th e tuned circuit and t he emitter resistor
R15 (which is ac co upl ed to gro und by C 12) . The positive feedback
required to sustai n oscill at ion i s satisfied in t his circuit. Phase
shift of 180 i s char acte ri sti c of both common-emitter t ransistor
amplifiers and 7r-network tuned circuits. This feedback is coupled
t hrough C9 and C10, back to th e base o f Q1 .

ALC L oo p
At the positive peak of each cycle, current momen ta rily flows
from the feedback loop through peak detector diode C R2 to C7.
The resultant sto red charge is coupled, as d o input v oltage, to
pin 3 of U2. The detector output is compared to v ery stable
reference input by comparator U2. Any difference between the
comparato r's input voltages produces an error voltage at the do
output. The comparator output i s coupled to r eactance v oltage
divid er, capacitor C9 and varactor CR3. As the error output volt-
age goes more positive the capacitive r eactance of CR3 decreases,
which reduces the oscill ato r feedback. Conversely, more nega-
tive output v oltage will increase the feedback. F or example, if the
oscillator o utput were to suddenly increase, the detector output
would b ecome more positive. The comparator output would
become m or e pos itive, l ower CR3 r eactance would decrease the
feedback to Q1 whi c h forces the oscill ato r output level back to i ts
origin al level. If t h e R 4 LEVEL ADJ control were adjusted for
more positive referen ce v ol tage, the comparato r output would go
more negativ e, t he feedb ack would increase, allowin g the oscill a-
tor output to in cr ease. Therefore, the peak detector output would
increase until it equal s the comparato r reference level input, thus
establishin g hig her leveled-output signal fro m t he oscill ato r.

P ower Supply
/ 4
S ERV IC E S HE ET 14
Servi ce Model 435

SERVIC E S HEET 5 (Cont'd) National Bureau of Stand ards. When setting the ,-
power level, t ransfer error of 0.2% is introduced
Frequency shaping components R8, R 10, R 11 and makin g the total error 0.7%. If syste m t his
C8 determine the upper limit of frequency re- accurate i s available it may be u sed to set the
spo nse of tpr
he ALC loop which prevents spurious oper o utput l evel. Otherwise, H e wl ett-Packard
oscill ati ons. r ecommends returning the P ower Meter so it can
b e reset at th e factory . Co n tact y o ur near est
+5 V P O WER S UPPLY Hewl ett-Pac ka rd offi ce fo r mo re inform atio n.
A 3 VR 2 provides refer ence v o ltage o f -6 .2 Vd c to
t h e power supply reference amplifi er A3UL The
ga in o f th e reference amplifier is set by R3, R 4 and 5~ MHz Osc illator
R5 a nd is approximate ly -0.8 with R4 centered. Malfunctions of t he oscillato r circuits will occur as
The v ery stabl e output i s coupled through CR 1 as wrong output frequency or as an abnorm a l out-
the referen ce v o l tage input to comparator U2. put level. The v oltage at 2 will indi cate if the
Diode C R 1 temp erature compensates CR2. ALC loop is trying to compensate for an in co rrect
output l evel.

T R O UB L ES HOOTI N G Modulation of t he 50 MHz signal or spurious sig-

nals, which are part of the output, may be caused
General by d efects in R8, R10, R 11 or C8 in t he ALC loop.
Before trying to troubleshoot the 3 assembly,
v erify the prese nce of +12 Vdc and -12 Vdc on the
circuit board. A L C Loop and P ower Supply
Problems in the ALC L oop and Power Supply cir-
If defect in t he 3 assembly is iso l ated and cuits may be quickly isolate d by measuring do vol-
repaired, the correct output l evel (1 mW 0.7%) tages at the inputs and outputs of t he integrated
must be set by v ery accurate power m eas uremen t cir cuits . For added information on troubl eshoot-
syste m. Hewlett-Packard employs speci a l sys- ing in tegr ated circuits, refer to General Servi ce
te m, accurate to 0.5% and traceable to the Information in Sect io n VIII.
 ~

FRE Q
AD J

Figure 8- 1 6 . 3 P ower R eference Assembly Comp onent L ocations

 fi.3 PO WER F.C 03CiLLFI TOB /-~SSENIBLY/ ~35- 69~

(Vc. E 2 2EF EREUG E S (3 yj 435:2 5

 NOTES
/, W3 ( / e)03)
W9 ( / 3 [ ) .

.PEFG.PEMCE S/GN.9T/ONS
,F/
J2~6 C / -/4

3 Jl
W3,9 L l-3
Q/,2

;2
U/ . 2
V/2/,2

TRf/5/S, .9
/q, C/,PCUl7-
.2 NUM BE.S
FL.' r9
9/'/0.tal 2S
/ 1 161.4,0 :0047
Q2 18-5"4 0,07/
(EXCEPT Ul 11926 - /3
/ U2 /2 -223
/ -5) J2
W3
8 OUTPUT

7
t . %
J6 5
(
O0S ~ W. RF
11 Y) ~ OUTPU T
; W __________-
/-7 43 Ul, 2 1
(ur)
COMPENS9Tl0(U2J

OFF SCT (/07

UGL

()/U 2 6 UU

( f /U OFFSET
NVGL

4 V-
! / / CO/VNECTEO C.9.SC,

FReference designations th outline (---) : m

of . Full deinetion includes Assembly
bliss am abbreviated
mber; e.g., R1 : bl1 1 1Rt. Designations of
th components am complete .

5
3

F igu re 8-17 . 3 P ower R eference Assembly

Sc hematic Diagram

8-1 7/8-18
Model 435

Ta ble 8-2. Assembly, Chassis and A djustable Components Locatio ns

Assem bly or Com po n e nt Serv i ce

Fig ure Remar ks
Reference Designator Sh eet

1 A ssembly 2,3 8-18 B otto m Vie w

3 A ssembly 5 8-16,18
A 3 R 4 LEVEL ADJ 5 8-18 8-18 Top Vi ew
4 A ssembly 2, 3, 4 8-9, 12, 14, 18
A 4 R 32 D C OFF S ET 3 8-12,18 8-18 Ri ght Sid e View
A 4 R 35 METER 3 8-12,18 8-18 Ri ght Sid e View
A 4 R 42 AUTO ZER O
OFF SET 3 8-12,18 8-18 Ri ght Sid e Vi ew
A 4 R 46 B ALANCE 3 8-12,18 8-18 Ri ght Side View
A4 R 76 220 Hz 2 8-9,18 8-18 Ri ght Side Vi ew
4 1 3 8-12,18 8-18 Ri ght Sid e Vi ew
5 Assembly 2, 3, 4 8-8,18 8-18 B otto m View
5 4 2,3,4 8-18 8-18 Left Sid e Vi ew
6 A ssembly 4 8-18 8-18 Top Vi ew

C1 4 8-18 8-18 B otto m View

F1 4 8-18 8-18 R ear P an el View

11 2 8-18 8-18 Front P anel Vie w

J2 5 8-18 8-18 Front P anel View
J3 3 8-18 8-18 R ear P an el View
J4 3 8-18 8-18 R ear P an el Vie w
J5 2 8-18 8-18 R ear P an el View
(O pti o n s 002 a n d 003 only)
J6 5 8-18 8-18 R ear P an el Vie w
(O ptio n 003 o nly)
1 3 8-18 8-18 Front P anel Vie w
2 2, 3, 4 8-18 8-18 Bottom View
3 3,4 8-18 8-18 B ottom View
10 5 8-18 8-18 Top View
R 1 CAL FA CTOR ADJ 2 8-18 8-18 Fron t Pan el View
R2 4 Connecte d to S1 in sid e sa fety
co ver

S1 LINE 4 8-18 8-18 Fr o n t Pan el View

S2 ZERO 3 8-18 8-18 Fr o n t Pan el View
S3 P OWER REF 5 8-18 8-18 Rear Pa n el View
1 4 8-18 8-18 Bottom V i ew
W1 2 8-18 Ca ble co nn ecting Jl to
5 A ssembly
W2 4 8-18 Ca ble co nn ecting S l to p o wer
m o dul e
W3 5 8-18 Ca ble co nn ecting J 2 to
3 Assem bly
W4 2 P ower sensor cabl e
W5 4 Lin e ( M ains) p o wer cable
W6 2 Ca ble co nn ecting J5 to 5
Assem bly (O pti on s 002 and
003 only
W9 5 Ca ble connecting J6 to 3
A ssembly (O ptio n 003 only)
 FR O N T P A NEL V I E W

SW ITC H
A1S1
S1
SW IT C H
A1S2 -

J2

RE A R P ANEL VI EW

J5
(O PTIO N S
002 A N D
003 0 L Y)

F1
 TOP VIEW

4 1 ASSY 4 ASSY 10 W2 3 ASSY

6 ASSY 1 ASSY A3 R 4
LEVEL AD J

R IG H T SID E V I E W

1 A4 R 76 4 ASSY A4 R 32 A4 R 35 A4 R 42A U TO
! 220 Hz 1 DC O FF SE T ME T ER Z ER O O FF S E T

1W
W3 2 A4W 1 5 4 41 ASSY A4 R 46
BA L A N C E
 Servi ce

BOTTOM VIEW

J2 W1 1S1 Al ASSY A5W1 3 W2 J3

(UN D ER CA BLE)

R1 W3 A1S2 A1 J 1 51 52 5 ASSY 2 1 C1 6 ASSY

CA L AD J

L E FT SID E V I EW

4 ASS Y 10 W3 3 ASSY

F igure 8-18 . F ront, R ear an d Internal V iews

8-19/8-20
 MANUAL C HANGES

MA NU A L ID EN TI F ICATIO N

Mo del Nu m b er : HP 435
P OWER METER Date Pri nted : F ebruary 1984
Pa rt Nu m b er : 00435-90040

This supplement contain s importa nt inform at ion for co rrecting m anual errors and for adaptin g the
manua l to instrum ents containing improvements made afte r the printin g o f the m anu al.
To use this supplement:
Make all ERRATA corrections
Make all appropri ate serial numb er related changes indicated in the ta bles below.
_ Serial Prefix or Number Make Manual Cha nges Serial Prefix or Number Make Manual Changes
1
2235 , 2441 U
2445, 2445U1 1,2
1,
12702, 2702U 2, 3

00- NEW ITEM

ERRATA

P age 2-2, Line Voltage Selecti on:

In the third parag raph c hange the part number of the 0.062 fu se from 2110-0040 to 2110-0311 .

Page 4-3, step 13 :

Cha n ge "0 .981" to "0 .988" and change "1 .019" to "1 .012".

Page 4-4, step 4:

Change "0 .9" to "1".

P age 4-6, step 6:

In the table (bottom right side), change "+1015" to "+1010" in two pl aces .

P age 4-8, T able 4-1:

Under Power Reference A cc uracy (top o f tabl e), change "0.981" to "0.988" and change "1 .019" to
"1 .012".
Under In strumentation Accuracy (middl e o f table), change "+1015" to "+1010" in two pl aces .

P age 6-4, T able 6-2:

1 J 1 . The r ecommended r epl acement for AIJ1, if it n ee ds to be repl aced, is found in C H A N G E 2.
3 1 . Th e reco mm ended replacement for 3 1, if it needs to b e repl aced, i s found in C H A N G E 2.
A3 R 4. Th e recommend ed replacement for A3R4, if it fail s, is found in C HA N G E 2.
A3 R 5. Th e recomm ended replacement for A3R5, if it fail s, is found in C HANG E 2.

P age 6-7, T able 6-2:

A4 U 7. Th e recommended repl acement for A4U7, if it fails, i s found in CH AN G E 2.

Manual change suppl ements are revised as ofte n as n ecessary to keep ma nu als as current and accur ate as possible. Hewlett-Packard
recomm ends that you periodically request the l atest edition of this supplement. Free co pi es are availabl e from all HP offices. Wh en
requesting copi es quote the m anual ide ntificatio n information from your suppl ement, or the m odel number and print date from the title
p age of the m anu al.

1~ P
5 J anu ary 1987 HEWLE TT
4 P ages AC K AR D

Prin ted in U.S.A .

HP 435 00435-90040

ERR ATA (co n t' d )

P age 6-8, T abl e 6-2:
A5 U 1 and 52. The recomm ended repl acement for A5U1 a nd A5 U2, if they fail, is found in CH A N G E 2.

P age 6-9, T abl e 6-2:

Fl .Ch a n ge t he part number of t he seco nd F 1 to the following:
2110-0311 CD3

Page 6-11, T able 6-2:

W2. Th e recommended r epl acement for W2, if it fail s, is fo un d in C H A N G E 1 .
W3. Th e recomm ende d repl acement for W3, if it fa il s, is found in C H A N G E 1 .
W9. Th e recomm ended r epl acement for W9, if it fail s, is fo un d in C H A N G E 1 .

CH AN G E 1
Page 6-11, T able 6-2 :
W2. C hange the part numb er for W2 to the follow in g: 00435-60045 CDO.
W3. C hange the p art numb er for W3 to the foll owin g: 00436-60029 CD1.
W9. C hange the p art numb er for W9 to the foll ow in g: 00436-60029 CD1.

Service S h eet 4 (sc h emat ic) :

Repl ace the portion o f Fi gure 8-15 with Figure 1.

s4 ~ ~.Sl
/
2
- 95 OFF
/
Ci ~
-~ 0.022,UU 1
~ 98 929 9
92i 9

OS/ ~

>-a)"
W2

F ig ure 1 . /0 F ig u re 8-15 /0 4 Assem b ly ( P ower S upp ly) Sc h ematic Diagra m

CH A N G E 2
P age 6-4, T able 6-2:
AI J 1 . C hange the part numb er for A1J1 to the following: 1200-1204 CD5
3 1 . Change the p art number for 3 1 to the fo ll owing: 7100-1204 CD9
A3 R 4. C hange t h e part numb er a nd description for A3R4 to the foll owin g:
2100-3109 CD2 RESISTOR-TRMR 2k 10% C SIDE-ADJ 17-TRN
A3 R 5. C hange the part numb er a nd description for A3R5 to the foll owin g:
0811-3682 CD1 RE SISTOR 6.8 k 1% .05W PWW T C = 0 f 10
A4 UT Change the part number and description for A4U7 to the following:
1826-0915 CD9 I C OP AMP LOW-BIAS- -IMPD 8-DIP-C PKG

Page 6-8, T able 6-2:

A5 U 1 a nd A5U 2. C hange the part numbers for A5U1 and A 5U2 to the following: 1826-1018 CD5
 HP 435 00435-90040

ERR ATA (cont' d )

Service S h eet 2 (sc h em atic) :
Ch a n ge th e pa r t numb er for A5U 1 and A 5U2 to 1826-1018 (in t h e tabl e of Tr a n s isto r a n d In teg rated Circui t Part
Numb ers at th e botto m o f the sch em at i c) .

Servi ce S h eet 5, Fi gur e 8-16 :

R epl ace Fi gur e 8-16 wi th Fi gure 2 in thi s supplemen t.

C H A N G E 3
4. C h an ge th e part numb er fo r 4 to 00435-60047 CD2 AMPLIFIER / P OWER SUPPLY ASS Y
A4C R5. C h ange the p a r t numb er for A4CR5 to 1906-0256 DIODE-F W BRDG 200V 1.5.
HP 435 00435-90040

LEVEL

CI R C U IT SID E

LEVEL

3 REFEREN C E OSCI LL ATO R CO VER 3 REFEREN C E OSCI LL ATO R CO VER

(FR O N T V I EW) (SID E V I EW)

Fig ur e 2. 3 Power Reference Assem b ly Com p o n ent an d A djustment Locatio n s (/0 C ha n ge 2)

[hj HEWLE TT
C R
S h o u l d one of yo u r HP inst rum e n ts n ee d
repair, t h e HP service o rga n izatio n is
rea d y to se r ve However, you can
h el p u s se rve youyou.
more effect vely . Wh en
se nd ing an i n str um e n t to HP for repair,
please fill o u t t h is ca rd a nd attac h it to
t h e pr o d uct. Increase d repair . efficie n cy
a nd redu ce d t u r n -arou nd ti m e s h o u l d
res u lt .

CO MPAN Y

ADDRE SS

TE C H NICA L CON TACT PERSO N

PHONE NO . EXT .

M OD EL NO . S ER IA L NO .

MODEL NO . S ER IA L NO .

. . NO . DATE
Accesso r ies ret urn e d wit h u nit

CA BLE(S)

O POWER CA BLE OADA P T ER (S)

OT HER
over
Service needed

CALIBRATION ONLY
0 REPAIR El REPAIR & CAL

Observed symptoms/problems

FAILURE MODE IS :

El CONSTANT El INTERMITTENT

SENSITIVE TO :

COLD El HEAT 0 VIBRATION

FAILURE SYMPTOMS/SPECIAL
CONTROL SETTINGS

If unit is part of system list model

number(s) of other interconnected in-
struments .

9320-3896 Printed in U .S .A .
 REGIO NA L SA LE S A N D S ERVIC E OFF IC ES

N ORTH/C ENTRAL A FR ICA E ASTERN EUROPE EASTERN USA

H ewlett- P ac kard S.A. H ewlett- P ac k ard Ges.m . b . h . H ewlett- Packard Co .
7, rue du Bois-du- Lan L ie blgasse 1 4 Choke Cherry Road
CH-1217 ME YRIN 1, Switze rland .. Box 72 R OCKVILLE, M D 20850
Tel: (022) 83 12 12 -1222 VIENNA, Austria Tel: (301) 258-2000
Telex: 27835 h mea Tel: (222) 2500-0
Cable: HEWP AC K SA Geneve Telex: 1 3 4425
MIDWE ST ERN USA
Hewlett-Packard Co .
ASIA NORTHERN EUROPE 5201 Tollview Drive
Hewlett-Pac kard Asia Ltd . Hewlett-Pac kard S.A . ROLL ING M EADOWS, IL 60008
47/F, 26 Harbour Rd ., Uilenstede 475 Tel: (312) 255-9800
Wanchai, HONG KONG .. Box 999
Q.P.O . Box 863, Hong Kong L 183 AG AMSTELVEEN
Tel: 5-8330833 The N etherlands SO UTHERN USA
Telex: 76793 Tel: 20 437771
Hewlett-Packard Co .
Cable : HPASIA L TD Telex: 18 919 hp ner
2000 Sout h Par k Place
.. Box 105005
ATLANTA, GA 30348
ME DITERRANEAN A ND SO UTH EAST EUROPE Tel: (404) 955-1500
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Hewlett-Pac kard S.A . World Trade Center
Mediterranean and M idd le E ast 110 Avenue Louis Casai WE ST ERN USA
Operations 1215 Cointrin , GENEVA, Switzerlan d
Hewlett- Packard Co .
Hewlett-Packard
Atri na Centre Tel: (022) 98 96 51
3939 Lankershim B lvd .
32 Kifisslas Ave. Telex: 27225 h pser .. Box 3919
Paradissos-Amarousion, ATHENS
LOS AN GELES, CA 91604
Greece Tel: (213) 506-3700
Tel: 682 88 11 OTHER INTERNATIO NAL A RE AS
Telex: 21-6588 G R
Hewlett-Pac kard Co .
Cable : HEWPAC KSA At hens
Intercontinental H eadquarters CANADA
3495 Deer Creek Road Hewlett- Packard (Canada) Ltd.
PALO ALTO, CA 94304
6877 Goreway Drive
Tel: (415) 857-1501
MISSISSAUGA, Ontario L4V I M8
Telex: 034-8300
Tel: (416) 678-9430
Ca b le : HEWPACK Telex: 610-492-4246
 HEWLETT
CP~ PACKARD
HP Part No . 00435-90040 Printed in U .S .A .