1 .

Design of Pile Cap :

Longitudinal Direction/ Traffic Direction

10.5
A B
C1 C2 C3 C4
0.35
0.5

Transverse Direction
1.2 2.75 4.55
3.5 5.3 8.3
7.85

3.4 1.55 1.7

3 C/L of Pile Cap

A B C/L of Abutment
0.9
The Pile Cap shall be designed under siesmic condition as it is critical for design.
Siesmic Case
Calculation of Pile Reaction of C1 Column
Pmax = P/n + ML / ZL1 + MT/ZT
= 1524.19167921875 / 12 + 1459.5299125 / 30 + 0/27.2
= 175.596 T

Calculation of Pile Reaction of C4 Column

Pmin = P/n - ML / ZL1 - MT/ZT
= 1524.19167921875 / 12 - 1459.5299125 / 30 - 0/27.2
= 82.352 T

Calculation of Pile Reaction of C2 Column

Pmax = P/n + ML / ZL2 + MT/ZT
= 1524.19167921875 / 12 + 1459.5299125 / 90 + 0/27.2
= 143.23 T

Calculation of Pile Reaction of C3 Column

Pmin = P/n - ML / ZL2 - MT/ZT
= 1524.19167921875 / 12 - 1459.5299125 / 90 - 0/ 27.2
= 110.8

Overall depth of Pile Cap = 1.8 m

Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
Calculation of Moment at section A-A

Downward vertical load due to self weight of Pile Cap in ULS Condition
= 8.3 x 3.5 x 1.8 x 2.5 x 1.25
= 163.41 T

Bending Moment (BM A-A) = 175.596 x 3 x 2.75 + 143.23 x 3 x0.35 - 163.41

= 1313.09 T-m

Now Bending moment per meter length of pile cap= MA-A

MA-A = 1313.09 / 8.3
= 158.2 T-m /m
Effective depth of pile cap (d)= 1800 - 75 -12.5
= 1712.5 mm
Lever Arm (z) = 0.95 x d
= 1626.88 mm
For Sections without Compression Reinforcement the Ultimate Moment of Resistance Can be
checked according to IRS-CBC (Cl.-15.4.2.2.1).
Moment of resistance Mr = 0.15 x fck x b x d 2
= 0.15 x 35 x 1000 x 1712.5^2/10^7
= 1539.64 T-m > 158.2 T-m Hence Ok

Check for Reinforcement :

Mu = 0.87 fy As z
Therefore Ast Required = 158.2 x 10^7 / ( 0.87 x500 x 1626.88)
= 2235.43 mm2

As per Cl: 15.9.4.1 of IRS Concrete Bridge Code;

Minimum reinforcement required = 0.20% of bd
= 3425 mm2

Hence Allow minimum reinforcement

Dia of Reinforcement provided = 25 mm

Spacing of reinforcement provided = 125 mm
Ast Provided = 3927 mm2
Ast Provided > Ast Required Hence Ok
Hence provide 25 mm tor bar @ 125 mm c/c in Longitudinal direction over pile cap width
Distribution Steel:
Minimum area of secondary reinforcement :-
As per Cl: 15.9.4.2 of IRS Concrete Bridge Code; = 0.12% of bd
= 2055 mm2
Dia of Reinforcement provided = 20 mm
Spacing of reinforcement provided = 125 mm
Ast Provided = 2513 mm2
Ast Provided > Ast Required Hence Ok
Hence provide 20 mm tor bar @ 125 mm c/c in both direction over pile cap length

Check for Shear:

Checking of Shear force has been done at "d" distance from the face of the Abutment wall
So available length of pile cap beyond "d" distance = 3500 - 1712.5 mm
= 1787.5 mm
= 1.7875 mm

So Shear Force= 175.596 x 3 + 143.23 x 3-(8.3 x 1.8 x 1.7875 x 2.5 x 1.25 )

= 873.02 T

Shear Stress (v) = Vu / bd

= 0.61 N/mm2
Now As per Cl. No. 15.8.3.2 & 15.8.3.3 of IRS CBC
av = (3.5 - 0.75 -0.6 ) + (0.2 x 1.2)
= 2.39
So Enhanced factor= 2x d / av
= 2 x 1.7125 /2.39 = 1.43
Now, 0.75 x sqrt( fck) = 4.44 Mpa

Now 100 As/ bd = 100 x 3927 / ( 1000 x 1712.5)

= 0.23 %
Now As per table 15 of IRS CBC
c = 0.37+ {(0.44-0.37)/(0.25-0.15)}*(0.23-0.15)
= 0.43 Mpa
Now As per table 16 of IRS CBC
s= Max ( (500 /1712.5)^0.25, 0.7)
= 0.735

Therefore Allowable shear stress (sc) = 0.316 Mpa

(As per Cl. No. 15.8.3.2 of IRS- CBC)
So enhanced shear stress = 1.43 x 0.316 = 0.452 Mpa

Shear Capacity at the critical section =

{ ( 8300-3 x 1200 )x0.316+ ( 3 x 1200 x 0.452 )} x
= 1712.5/ 10^4
= 533 < 873.02 T
Hence Shear reinforcement Required
Now in this case v > s c So as per table no 14 of IRS CBC

Asv = bsv ( + 0.4- s c)/(0.87 fyv)

Now Consider,
sv = 125 mm d= 1712.5 mm
b= 8300 mm V= 873.02 T
fyv= 415 Mpa SVc= 449.15 T

So, Asv = 125 x (873.02+ 0.4 - 449.15)x 10^4 /( 0.87 x415 x 1712.5)
= 856.93 mm2

So Asv required per meter width of pile cap = 856.93 / 8.3

= 103.2446 mm2

Provided dia of bar= 12 mm @ 125 mm c/c in longitudinal direction

Asv provided = 0.7854 x 12^ 2 x 1000 /125

= 904.7787 mm2 > 103.2446 mm2 Hence Ok

Provided dia of bar= 12 mm @ 375 mm c/c in Transverse direction

Calculation of Moment at section B-B

Downward vertical load due to self weight of Pile Cap in ULS Condition
= 8.3 x 5.3 x 1.8 x 2.5 x 1.25
= 247.44 T
Downward vertical load due to self weight Backfill Soil in ULS Condition
= (63.154-58.822) x (7.85 - 2 x 0.5) x 5.3 x 1.8 x 1.25
= 353.86 T
Downward vertical load due to self weight of Return Wall in ULS Condition
= (63.154 - 58.822 ) x 5.3 x 2 x 0.5 x 2.5 x 1.25
= 71.75 T

Bending Moment (BM B-B) (82.352 x 4.55 x 3) + (110.8 x 1.55 x 3 ) - (247.44 x

=
2.65 )- (353.86 x 2.65 ) - (71.75 x 2.65)
= -144.26 T-m
Now Bending moment per meter length of pile cap= MB-B
MB-B = -144.26 / 8.3
= -17.38 T-m/m
For Sections without Compression Reinforcement the Ultimate Moment of Resistance Can be
checked according to IRS-CBC (Cl.-15.4.2.2.1).
Moment of resistance Mr = 0.15 x fck x b x d 2
= 0.15 x 35 x 1000 x 1712.5^2/10^7
= 1539.64 T-m Hence Ok

Reinforcement required = 173800000 / (0.87 x 500 x 1626.88)

= 245.5868 mm2

As per Cl: 15.9.4.1 of IRS Concrete Bridge Code;

Minimum reinforcement required = 0.20% of bd
= 3425 mm2

Hence Allow minimum reinforcement

Dia of Reinforcement provided = 25 mm

Spacing of reinforcement provided = 125 mm
Ast Provided = 3927 mm2
Ast Provided > Ast Required Hence Ok
Distribution Steel:
Minimum area of secondary reinforcement :-
As per Cl: 15.9.4.2 of IRS Concrete Bridge Code; = 0.12% of bd
2055
Dia of Reinforcement provided = 20 mm
Spacing of reinforcement provided = 125 mm
Ast Provided = 2513 mm2
Ast Provided > Ast Required Hence Ok
Hence provide 20 mm tor bar @ 125 mm c/c in both direction over pile cap length
 2. Design of Abutment Wall:

Formation Level= 63.154 M C/L of Bearing & C/L of Abutment

Girder Side
0.6375 m
0.311 61.022 M
0.3625 m
1.4 0.9 m

0.85 m

1.7

5.3 3.5 Top of Pile Cap Level

A 58.822

Bottom of Pile Cap

Level = 57.022 M

Load Calculation:
1. Dead Load :- Dead Load from various components on Abutment and their moments about point A shown in
Diagram is calculated below
Dimensions Lever Arm Vertical Moment
Unit about Reaction
Sl. No. Load Case
Weight Point A on T-m
Length (m) Bredth (m) Height (m) (T/m3) (m) Abutment(
Dead Load of
1 - - - 2.5 0.85 57.855 -49.18
Superstructure
2 SIDL - - - 2.5 0.85 64.269 -54.63
3 Abutment Cap 7.85 1.7 0.9 2.5 0.85 30.026 -25.52
4 Abutment Wall 7.85 1.7 1.3 2.5 0.85 43.371 -36.87
5 Dirt Wall 7.85 0.6375 2.132 2.5 1.381 26.673 -36.84
Extended portion of
6 Longitudinal arrester 1.3 0.3625 1.4 2.5 1.881 1.649 -3.1
block
7 Pedestal 1.515 0.5575 0.15 2.5 0.85 0.317 -0.27
Total= 224.16 -206.41

So moment about about C.G. of Base of Abutment = 224.16 x 0.85 -206.41

= -15.874 T-m
So moment about about C.G. of Base of Abutment without SIDL=
= 159.89125 x 0.85 -151.78
= -15.872438 T-m
2. Live Load:

Total EUDL on Super structure without augment = 229.536 T

(Note : Please Refer Appendix XXIII of IRS:Bridge Rules)
Including CDA Live load on superstructure = 335.123 T
Reaction on Abutment = 167.562 T

Moment about CG of Base of Abutment = 0T

3. Horizontal Forces (Tractive effort/ Breaking Force):

Total Tractive effort on Superstructure = 74.097 T

(Please Refer Appendix XXIV of IRS Bridge Rules )
Reaction on Abutment = 37.05 T
So Moment about base of abutment = 37.05 x (61.022 + 0.311 - 58.822 )
= 93.03 T-m

4. Earth Pressure:
Formation Level
63.154

Top of Pile Cap

58.822

Active Earth Pressure Co-efficient = 0.303

Pressure Intensity = KaH
= 2.363 T/m2
Total Horizontal Force due to earth pressure = 2.363 /2 x 4.332 x 7.85
= 40.18 T

So moment about base of abutment = 40.18 x 4.332 /3

= 58.02 T-m

5. Surcharge Pressure:
(Note : Please Refer CL. 5.8.2 Of IRS : Substructure & Foundation Code.)

Dead Load Surcharge V = 6.5 T/m

Live Load Surchage S = 13.7 T/m
Surcharge Width at Formation Level B = 3 m
Length of Abutment L = 7.85 m
Height of Abutment h = 4.332 m
Thickness of Pile Cap D = 1.8 m
Total height with Pile Cap H = 6.132 m
Length of Pile Cap Lp = 8.3 m
L-B= 7.85 - 3 = 4.85 m
 Therefore, H > (L - B), Case-2 is applicable

Case - 2 :
( S + V ) Ka
= 2.04 T/m2
B

4.85 4.332

Bottom of Abutment/ Top of Pile Cap

6.132 0.91

Bottom of Pile Cap

( S + V ) Ka
= 0.78 T/m2
L
Pressure Intensity at Top of Pile Cap Level = 2.04 - ( 2.04 - 0.78 )/ 4.85 x 4.332
= 0.91 T/m2

SO Horizontal Force at base of abutment = ( 2.04 + 0.91 )/2 x4.332

= 6.39 T/m

Total Force at bottom of abutment = 6.39 x 7.85

= 50.16 T

Lever Arm of this force from base of this abutment = 4.332 / 3 x (2x0.91 + 2.04)/(0.91 + 2.04)
= 1.89 m
So Moment at Base of Abutment = 50.16 x 1.89
= 94.8 T-m

6. Seismic Forces:
Horizontal seismic co-efficient for Abutment (h) = 0.27

Horizontal RL of Base Lever Arm Moment

Vertical Seismic Co- Acting at
Sl. No. Load Case Load (HL) (T) of (m) (T-m) (C5
Reaction (T) efficient RL
(C3 x C4) Abutment (C6-C7) x C8)

C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9
1 Dead Load of 57.855 0.27 15.62 61.333 58.822 2.511 39.22
2 SIDL 64.269 0.27 17.35 61.333 58.822 2.511 43.57
3 Abutment Cap 30.026 0.27 8.11 60.572 58.822 1.75 14.19
4 Abutment Wall 43.371 0.27 11.71 59.472 58.822 0.65 7.61
5 Dirt Wall 26.673 0.27 7.2 62.088 58.822 3.266 23.52
Extended portion of
6 Longitudinal arrester 1.649 0.27 0.45 61.272 58.822
block 2.45 1.1
7 Pedestal 0.317 0.27 0.09 61.097 58.822 2.275 0.2
Total = 60.53 129.41
 Dynamic Increment of Earth Pressure:

Co-efficient of Dynamic Increment = 0.568

% of Increment in force due to dynamic effect = (0.568 - 0.303)/0.303x 100%

= 87.5 %
So Earth Pressure Increment = 40.18 x 87.5%
= 35.158 T

So Moment at Base of Abutment = 35.158 x 2.166

= 76.152 T-m

Dynamic Increment of Surcharge:

Increment in surcharge pressure = 50.16 x 87.5%

= 43.89 T

Lever Arm w.r.t. base of Abutment = 0.67 x 4.332

= 2.902 m
So Moment at Base of Abutment = 43.89 x 2.902
= 127.369 T-m

Load Combination:
Load combination under ULS Case:
Seismic case
V= (224.16-64.26875) x 1.25 + 64.26875 x 1.5 + 167.562 x 0.5 + 60.53 x 0.67 x 1.2
= 428.714 T

ML = 1.25 x (-15.8724375 )+1.7 x 58.02 + 1.7 x 94.8 + 0.5 x 93.03 + 1.2 x 129.41 + 1.2 x 76.152 + 1.2 x 127.369
= 686 T-m

Design of Abutment Shaft in ULS Condition:

Thickness of Abutment Shaft = 1.7 m

Clear Cover = 75 mm
Effective Depth of Abutment = 1592.5 mm
Lever Arm = 0.95 x d
= 1512.875 mm
Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
For Sections without Compression Reinforcement the Ultimate Moment of Resistance Can be checked according
to IRS-CBC (Cl.-15.4.2.2.1).
Moment of resistance Mr = 0.15 x fck x b x d 2
= 0.15 x 35 x 7850 x 1592.5^2/10^7
= 10452 T-m Hence Ok
Check for Reinforcement:

Reinforcement Required (Ast) = 686 x 10^7 /(0.87 x 500 x 1512.875)

= 10424 mm2
Reinforcement Required (Ast) per meter length of Abutment
= 1328 mm2
Minimum area of reinforcement required is 0.4%
(as per cl. No. 15.9.4.1 of IRS CBC) = 0.4% bd
= 0.4 % x (7850 x 1592.5 )
= 50004.5 mm2
Minimum area of reinforcement required per meter length of Abutment
= 6370 mm2

Provided Reinforcement dia on Eartth Face = 25 mm

Spacing of reinforcement = 120 mm
Ast Provided in Earth Face of Abutment = 4091 mm2

% of reinforcement provided on earth face = 0.26 %

Provided Reinforcement dia on Eartth Face = 20

Spacing of reinforcement = 120
Ast Provided in Earth Face of Abutment = 2618

% of reinforcement provided on earth face = 0.15

Total Area of Reinforcement provided = 4091 + 2618 mm2

= 6709 mm2
Ast Provided > Ast Required Hence Ok
Total Reinforcement % Provided = 0.15 + 0.26
= 0.41 %.

Distribution Steel:
Minimum area of secondary reinforcement :-
As per Cl: 15.9.4.2 of IRS Concrete Bridge Code; = 0.12% of bd
= 1911 mm2
Dia of Reinforcement provided = 20
Spacing of reinforcement provided = 150
Ast Provided = 2094 mm2
Ast Provided > Ast Required Hence Ok

Check for Shear:

Effective depth of Abutment shaft = 1592.5 mm

1.4 x 37.05 + 1.7 x 40.18 + 1.7 x 50.16 + 1.25 x 60.53 + 1.25

Total Shear force in ULS Conbination =
x 35.158 + 1.25 x 43.89
= 379.92 T
So Shear Force per meter length of Abutment = 379.92 / 7.85
= 48.4 T/m
Shear Stress (v) = 48.4 / ( 1 x 1.5925 )
= 30.39 T/m2
= 0.304 Mpa
 Now 100 As/ bd = 100 x 4091 / (1000 x1592.5)
= 0.26 %
Now As per table 15 of IRS CBC
c = 0.44+ {(0.56-0.44)/(0.50-0.25)}*(0.26-0.25)
= 0.445
Now As per table 16 of IRS CBC
s= Max ( (500 /1592.5)^0.25, 0.7)
= 0.749
Therefore Allowable shear stress (sc) = 0.749 x 0.445
(As per Cl. No. 15.8.3.2 of IRS- CBC) = 0.333
In This case v<sc
So as per table no 14 of IRS CBC
Asv = 0.4 b sv/0.87 fyv
Now Consider,
sv = 120 d= 1592.5
b= 1000 v= 0.304
fyv= 415 sc= 0.333

So, Asv = { 0.4 x 1000 x 120 / (0.87 x 415)}

= 132.95 mm2
Provided dia of bar= 12 mm dia 2 Legged stirrups @ 120 c/c

Asv provided = 1884 mm2 > 132.95 mm2

Hence Ok
 3. Design of Bed Block:

The Bed block/ Abutment Cap is a solid slab fully supported on abutment wall.
Mesh Reinforcement (10mm dia 110 c/c in Longitudinal Direction & 10 mm
dia 100 c/c in transverse direction) has been provided under bearings.
The Block has been adequeately reinforced with 20mm dia bar @ 150 mm c/c bothways
to provide rigidity and strength against local loading

Dia of Bars provided = 20 mm

Spacing of bars provided = 150 mm

Area of Reinforcement provided = 0.785 x 20^2 x 1000 / 150

= 2094 mm2
% of Reinforcement provided = 0.23 %
 4. Design of Dirt Wall :

Load Calculation:
1. Earth Pressure Calculation:
Formation Level
63.154 M

2.132

Top of Bed block level

61.022 M

Earth Pressure intensity = KaH

= 0.303 x 1.8 x 2.132
= 1.163 T/m2
Now Force Due to Earth Pressure on Dirt Wall per meter length
= 0.5 x 1.163 x 2.132
= 1.24 T /m length

2. Surcharge Pressure Calculation:

( S + V ) Ka
= 2.04 T/m2
B

2.132
4.85
6.132 Top of Bed Block
1.486

Bottom of Pile Cap

( S + V ) Ka
= 0.78 T/m 2
L
Pressure Intensity at top of bed block level = 2.04 - { ( 2.04 - 0.78 ) / 4.85 x 2.132 }
= 1.486 T/m2
Now the point of application of surcharge pressure from the top of bed block
= ( 2.132 / 3 ){(2 x 1.486 + 2.04 ) / ( 1.486 + 2.04 ) }
= 1.01 m
Now Force Due to Surcharge Pressure on Dirt Wall per meter length
= ( 2.132 / 2) x (2.04 + 1.486 )
= 3.759 T /m length
 3. Calculation of Dynamic Increment force:

Percentage of Dynamic Increment = 87.5 %

Now Dynamic increment on earth pressure force

= 1.24 x 87.5 %
= 1.085 T /m length

Now Dynamic increment on Surcharge pressure force

= 3.759 x 87.5 %
= 3.289 T /m length

4. Calculation of Dead Load of Dirt Wall:

Thickness of Dirt Wall = 0.6375 m

Height of Dirt Wall = 2.132 m

Dead Load of Dirt Wall = 0.6375 x 2.132 x 1 x 2.5

= 3.4 T/ m Length

5. Seismic Force on Dirt Wall Due the Dead Load:

Horizontal seismic co-efficient for Abutment (h) = 0.27

SO Dead Load Seismic = 0.27 x 3.4

= 0.918 T/ m Length

Load Combination:
Total Ultimate moment on Dirt wall in Seismic condition
( 1.24 x 2.132 x 0.33 x 1.7 + (3.759 x 1.01 x 1.7) + (1.085
x 0.67 x 2.132 x 1.25) + (3.289 x 0.67 x 2.132 x 1.25) +
ML = (0.918 x 0.5 x 2.132 x 1.25)
= 16.99 T-m

Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Effective Depth of Section (d) = 637.5 - 50 - 20 / 2
= 577.5 mm
Lever Arm = 0.95*d
548.625 mm

Now Ast Required = 16.99 x 10^7 / ( 0.87 x 500 x 548.625)

= 711.9156 mm2

Provided Reinforcement dia on Eartth Face = 20 mm

Spacing of reinforcement = 125 mm
Ast Provided = 0.7850 x 20^2 x 1000 /125
= 2513.274 mm2
Ast Provided > Ast Required Hence Ok
. 5. Design of Transverse Seismic Arrester Block:

Length Bredth Height

Size of The Arrester block provided =
(mm) (mm) (mm)
725 1300 1400
Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Load Calculation:
1. Factored Horizontal force due to dead load of super-structure in ULS
= 57.855 x 0.27 x 1.25
= 19.526 T
2. Factored Horizontal force due to SIDL in ULS
= 64.26875 x 0.27 x 2
= 34.705 T
3. Factored Horizontal force due to 50% Live Load in Transverse direction
= 229.536 x 0.5 x 0.27 x 1.4
= 43.38 T
So Total horizontal force in Transverse direction (H T)
HT = 19.526 + 34.705 + 43.38
= 97.61 T
Now, As per Cl. No. 13.3.2.4 of IITK- RDSO- Guidelines for seismic design
this Horizontal force shall be further enhanced by 1.5 times

Therefore, design HT = 1.5 x 97.61

= 146.415 T
Design Calculation & Methodology:

Now design methodology has been followed as deep beam of V.K. Raina
Book of "Concrete Bridge Practice"

Here Vu = 146.415 T
Consider S = 0.97 x 1.4 = 1.358 m
Effective Depth(d') = 1300 - 50 - 25/ 2 - 16
= 1221.5 mm

Therefore S /d' = 1.358 / 1.2215

= 1.112 >1 Hence proceed with design

Now, d= 0.8 x 1.2215

= 0.9772 m
Therefore Calculate flexural tension reinforcement
Af = ( 1464150 x 1358 ) / ( 0.85 x 500 x 977.2
= 4788 mm2
No of Bars Provided = 12 in 2 Layers
Dia of Bar provided = 25 mm

Therefore As = 0.785 x 25^2 x 12

= 5890 mm2 Hence ok

Check for Nominal Shear Strength:

Vu/bd = 146.415 x 10^4 / (725 x 977.2 )

= 2.07 Mpa
For M35 grade of concrete
fc' = 0.8 x 35
= 28 MPa
Now, 0.15 xfc' = 0.15 x 28
= 4.2 MPa
As Vu/bd < 0.15 fc' Hence Ok

Check for Frictional Reinforcement :

Consider co-efficient of friction = 1.4

Now Area of frictional reinforcement required (Avf)

Avf = 146.415 x 10^4 / (0.85 x500 x 1.4 )
= 2461 mm2
Check for Shear Reinforcement:
Total Shear Reinforcement will be More Than the Max of the following :

Ah = 0.5 x Af = 2394 mm2

Ah =0.333 x Avf = 819.513 mm2

Area of Horizontal stirrups(Ah) = 2394 mm2

This stirrup shall be provided below As within a depth of 2/3 d'

So, 2 / 3 d' = 818.41 mm

Now dia of stirrups provided = 16 mm

No of Legs of stirrup = 4 nos
No of layers = 4 layers
Provided area of steel (Ah ) = 0.785 x 16^2 x 4 x 4
= 3217 mm2
Ah provided > Ah required Hence ok

Check for Vertical shear reinforcement:

0.5 x (Vu - Vc) x p
Area of Horizontal stirrups(Av) =
Fy x d

Now, Vc = 10 x b x d in kgs
= 10 x 72.5 x 97.72
= 70847 Kg
= 708.47 kN

So, Av = 0.5 x ( 1464.15 - 708.47 ) x 10^3 x 200 / (500 x 977.2 )

= 155 mm2
Now dia of stirrups provided = 12 mm
No of Legs of stirrup = 4 nos
Pitch of stirrups (p) = 200 mm

Provided area of steel (Av ) = 0.785 x 12^2 x 4

= 452 mm2
Av provided > Av required Hence ok
 6. Design of Longitudinal Seismic Arrester Block:

Length Bredth Height

Size of The Arrester block provided =
(mm) (mm) (mm)
1300 1000 1400
Grade of Concrete = M 35
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Load Calculation:
1. Factored Horizontal force due to dead load of super-structure in ULS
= 57.855 x 0.27 x 1.25
= 19.526 T
2. Factored Horizontal force due to SIDL in ULS
= 64.26875 x 0.27 x 2
= 34.705 T
3. Factored Horizontal force due to Tractive effort/ Breaking force
= 37.05 x 1.4
= 51.87 T
So Total horizontal force in Transverse direction (H T)
HT = 19.526 + 34.705 + 51.87
= 106.1 T
Now, As per Cl. No. 13.3.2.4 of IITK- RDSO- Guidelines for seismic design
this Horizontal force shall be further enhanced by 1.5 times

Therefore, design HT = 1.5 x 106.1

= 159.15 T
Design Calculation & Methodology:

Now design methodology has been followed as deep beam of V.K. Raina
Book of "Concrete Bridge Practice"

Here Vu = 159.15 T
Consider S = 0.97 x 1.4 = 1.358 m
Effective Depth(d') = 1000 - 50 - 25/ 2 - 12
= 925.5 mm

Therefore S /d' = 1.358 / 0.9255

= 1.467 >1 Hence proceed with design

Now, d= 0.8 x 0.9255

= 0.7404 m
Therefore Calculate flexural tension reinforcement
Af = ( 1591500 x 1358 ) / ( 0.85 x 500 x 740.4
= 6868 mm2
No of Bars Provided = 16 in 2 Layers
Dia of Bar provided = 25 mm

Therefore As = 0.785 x 25^2 x 16

= 7854 mm2 Hence ok

Check for Nominal Shear Strength:

Vu/bd = 159.15 x 10^4 / (1300 x 740.4 )

= 1.65 Mpa
For M35 grade of concrete
fc' = 0.8 x 35
= 28 MPa
Now, 0.15 xfc' = 0.15 x 28
= 4.2 MPa
As Vu/bd < 0.15 fc' Hence Ok

Check for Frictional Reinforcement :

Consider co-efficient of friction = 1.4

Now Area of frictional reinforcement required (Avf)

Avf = 159.15 x 10^4 / (0.85 x500 x 1.4 )
= 2675 mm2
Check for Shear Reinforcement:
Total Shear Reinforcement will be More Than the Max of the following :

Ah = 0.5 x Af = 3434 mm2

Ah =0.333 x Avf = 890.775 mm2

Area of Horizontal stirrups(Ah) = 3434 mm2

This stirrup shall be provided below As within a depth of 2/3 d'
 So, 2 / 3 d' = 620.09 mm

Now dia of stirrups provided = 12 mm

No of Legs of stirrup = 6 nos
No of layers = 6 layers
Provided area of steel (Ah ) = 0.785 x 12^2 x 6 x 6
= 4072 mm2
Ah provided > Ah required Hence ok

Check for Vertical shear reinforcement:

0.5 x (Vu - Vc) x p
Area of Horizontal stirrups(Av) =
Fy x d

Now, Vc = 10 x b x d in kgs
= 10 x 130 x 74.04
= 96252 Kg
= 962.52 kN

So, Av = 0.5 x ( 1591.5 - 962.52 ) x 10^3 x 200 / (500 x 740.4 )

= 170 mm2
Now dia of stirrups provided = 12 mm
No of Legs of stirrup = 6 nos
Pitch of stirrups (p) = 200 mm

Provided area of steel (Av ) = 0.785 x 12^2 x 6

= 679 mm2
Av provided > Av required Hence ok